精品解析：广东省华附、省实、广雅、深中2024～2025学年高二下学期四校期末联考英语试题

2024学年下学期高二期末四校联考试卷 英语 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共10页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.开考前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、班级、考号等相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Volunteering is one of the rewarding activities you can engage in. There are numerous types of volunteer work. Pick one that interests you. Homeless Shelter Assistance Volunteers play a vital role in improving the lives of those facing housing insecurity by serving meals and distributing essentials like blankets and kits, and providing emotional support and engaging in conversations. This opportunity is ideal for sympathetic and patient individuals. Volunteers should have strong interpersonal skills, and be open to working with people from diverse backgrounds. Beach and River Cleanups Plastic pollution threatens marine life, with millions of tons of waste entering oceans and waterways annually. By volunteering for beach and river cleanups, you can help remove pollution, protect wildlife, and raise awareness about plastic waste. It is designed for environmentalists, families, and corporate teams. This type of volunteering is for individuals passionate about marine conservation, pollution reduction, and sustainability awareness. Psychological Support Services Disasters leave not only physical damage but also deep emotional scars on survivors, especially those who have lost loved ones, homes, or livelihoods. Psychological support volunteers help individuals cope with trauma, grief, and emotional distress. This work is best for mental health professionals, therapists, social workers, and psychology students with experience in trauma counseling. Online tutoring and Mentoring Virtual tutoring and tutoring help students worldwide improve academic performance, develop career skills, and gain confidence. By removing geographical barriers, this provides accessible education to underserved communities. Virtual tutoring can be a great way to give back if you are patient, knowledgeable in a particular subject, and it’s especially beneficial for individuals pursuing careers in education. So, which type of volunteer work suits you most? Get More Info Now>> 1. What do Homeless Shelter Assistance and Psychological Support Services have in common? A. They call for teamwork. B. They value mental aid. C. They benefit career skills. D. They focus on social skills. 2. Who is qualified to engage in Online tutoring and Mentoring? A Lily who is proficient in mathematics. B. Mike who is sympathetic towards others. C. Jack who is helpful in distributing essentials. D. Lucy who is responsible for picking up plastics. 3. In what section of a website may you find a passage like this? A. Public Services. B. Social Activities. C. Sports and Health. D. Finance and Business. B When my son started preschool, my husband and I realized he was different. Almost every morning at drop-off, he would hold on to my leg until I could free myself and run away feeling guilty. We soon learned that he spent most days with his head on his desk, refusing to speak or make eye contact with anyone. However, he had no problem speaking at home, which puzzled us. It wasn’t long before he was diagnosed with selective mutism (SM) a rare form of anxiety characterized by the inability to speak in certain situations. For a child like him, school and other social situations can be especially stressful, which explained why my son didn’t want us to leave him there. I went into full mama bear mode. Each year, I wrote a detailed email to his classroom teacher before the start of school, giving them information on how to deal with him in class. But in a public school, with nearly 40 kids per class and only one counselor (顾问) to deal with everything, my emails often went ignored. And when I turned to the administration, they suggested we find another school. However, my son begged me to keep him in the same school with his older sister, insisting if he had to go to school, he liked knowing she was in the building. Against our better judgement, we decided to trust him and let him lead. To our surprise, his competitive nature made him a determined student, and his grades reflected his effort. His spirit made me want to be a positive advocate. After constant efforts, his fourth grade teacher finally responded to my summer email and we came up with solutions that met the curriculum within his level of comfort. Now, he is still a little nervous about school, but I’m less anxious when seeing he’s playing soccer with a team of boys he calls his ‌“friends”. And for the first time in a long time, he let go of my leg, waved goodbye and walked into the school building to face the day. 4. What caused the author to realize that her son was special? A. His poor performance in exams. B. His inability to speak to strangers. C. His unwillingness to obey rules. D. His abnormal behaviors at school. 5. What does ‌“full mama bear mode” show about the mother? A. She started taking persistent and organized actions to support her son. B. She became angry because the school staff didn’t give enough support. C. She became so emotional that she struggled to control her son’s behaviour. D. She demanded immediate changes from teachers regardless of being ignored. 6. Which of the following best describes the author? A. Strict and demanding. B. Knowledgeable and caring. C. Resolute and optimistic. D. Strong-willed and competitive. 7. What message does the story seem to convey? A. Schools should reform the current curriculum. B. Strong family support makes a confident child. C. A determined soul will finally achieve his dream. D. Mental encouragement is crucial to children’s growth. C Researchers at the Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences are on the frontline of postharvest technology, dedicated to preserving the freshness and nutritional value of vegetables while reducing waste. Their work extends beyond shelf life alone, focusing also on maintaining the quality of produce. One key focus is rapid precooling, a critical step in preserving freshness. This involves lowering the temperatures of freshly harvested vegetables to the ideal levels for long-term storage. “It’s like enveloping them in invisible freshness ‘armor’,” said Wang Qing, a researcher at the academy. However, achieving effective precooling involves its challenges. Different vegetables and varying levels of ripeness require temperature controls. To address this issue, the researchers created advanced experimental platforms in their lab, carefully recording changes under various conditions to identify the ideal temperature range for each produce type. After months of research, they developed new methods like controlling air cooling speed and humidity, using flowing-ice in layered containers, and using tiny ozone particles (臭氧分子) for cleaning bacteria. “Beyond the technology, we’ve developed a range of precooling equipment suited to various vegetables,” said Zhao Xiaoyan, an official at the academy. These new methods have made precooling much more effective, doubling or even quadrupling the shelf life of vegetables sent to cities. Discoloration also poses significant challenges for vegetable preservation. “Discoloration during storage often results in entire shipments being rejected, causing financial losses for farmers and businesses alike,” said Wang Dan, a member of the team. Starting with white radishes (萝卜), creating and analyzing the vegetable’s blue discoloration process in laboratory and real-world conditions, the team identified a plant compound (化合物) that produce the unwanted blue color and discovered that controlling gas composition within packaging could effectively prevent discoloration. Researchers then expanded their research to other vegetables, identifying the main processes that cause color. Over the past two years, the team’s innovations have been applied in 75 cities, including Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen. The researchers’ specialized preservation technologies and devices have revolutionized the vegetable supply chain, generating additional sales and increasing profits for related industries. 8. What does the underlined word “armor” in paragraph 2 most likely mean? A. A precooling system. B. A storage method. C. A temperature controller. D. A protective covering. 9. What innovation did researchers achieve in precooling? A. Using ozone particles to replace cleaning processes. B. Improving air cooling efficiency and humidity level. C. Developing tailored equipment and diverse methods. D. Creating standardized temperature for each produce type. 10. What is the key to tackling discoloration? A. Recreating discoloration process. B. Adjusting gas inside the sealed pack. C. Identifying plant compounds causing blue. D. Testing white radishes under real conditions. 11. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To explain major challenges in vegetable storage. B. To introduce breakthroughs in vegetable freshness. C. To share researchers’ opinions in vegetable preservation. D. To highlight the value of Chinese postharvest technology. D While free diving — diving without an oxygen tank — to photograph kelp (海藻) forests, I’ve strongly felt the limit as a living being — the short- lived single breath and the capacity of my lungs. Kelp forests, too, are reaching a tipping point. These towering underwater jungles, which release life-giving oxygen into the sea, store carbon, shelter other organisms, protect shorelines, and remain the basis of life for many marine worlds, are going through critical changes that could push them beyond their ability to recover. Heat waves, declining sea star numbers, and increasing urchin (海胆) populations have caused the desertification of kelp forest. In some regions, more than 90 percent of these forests have disappeared within only the past 10 years. Some native communities, who have long understood kelp’s role as both shelter and lifeline, describe the plant as the ocean’s “life channel,” carrying life through the currents. Now the flow is slowing down. And yet, scientists are studying kelp not just as a sufferer of climate change but as a survivor. “Diving into the kelp forest is like falling into a dream,” says Sara T. Gonzalez, a researcher at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. “But above all the magic of the kelp forest, what really motivated me to study kelp was its two-fold importance as an essential habitat for marine life and as a valued natural resource in human society.” In a recent study in the Journal of Applied Phycology, Gonzalez’s team identified a certain kelp variety with natural genetic (基因的) adaptations that help them withstand rising ocean temperatures. By combining the gene of this kelp with other sea plants — from different species, they produced organisms that grew very well under heat stress. Since this resistance seems to be passed to young generations, it could contribute to both wild kelp restoration and seaweed farming. Across the world’s oceans, kelp forests are indeed disappearing — but their own cells might hold the blueprints for their survival. “All kelp share the same life cycle,” Gonzalez says, so this knowledge — kelp’s being resistant to heat — could be applied to other sea plants. With each discovery, scientists edge closer to restoring these forests not just in one sea but in many, facilitating the coming-back of the underwater forests that breathe life into the planet’s shifting currents. 12. The underlined words “a tipping point” refer to a point when _______. A. kelp forests start to decline dramatically. B. kelp forests reach their maximum height. C. kelp forests are most sensitive to temperature. D. kelp forests produce oxygen at the slowest speed. 13. Which of the following best describes kelp forests? A. A crucial nutrition transporter. B. An important marine ecosystem. C. A valuable food resource. D. An iconic diving destination. 14 What do we know about Gonzalez’s study? A. It involved editing the gene of kelp. B. Its results were far from satisfactory. C. Its implications go beyond one species. D. It aimed to identify the varieties of kelp. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Can Kelp Endure a Hotter Marine Ocean? B. How Can Kelp Support Marine Biodiversity? C. Can Kelp’s Gene Be Applied to Other Sea Plants? D. How Can We preserve Kelp Forests from habitat Loss? 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Want better sleep at night? You may need to rethink your eating habits, as what you eat can all play a role in whether you sleep well at night. ___16___ Here are some suggestions for you. Seek out foods rich in tryptophan. Tryptophan (色氨酸) is an amino acid changed to chemicals that play an important role in sleep. You can find tryptophan in brown rice, Oats, pumpkin seeds, tofu, white beans and yogurt. ___17___ Working them into your diet will promote healthier sleep over time. Swap sugary and processed foods for fruits and vegetables. Many fruits and vegies are good sources for multiple sleep-supporting nutrients, which also help the body to produce melatonin (褪黑素). They’re also a great source of fiber. ___18___ Instead, having more processed foods and more added sugars can lead to a higher risk of sleeplessness nights. ___19___ Caffeine (咖啡因) makes you feel alert because it blocks adenosine (腺苷), a chemical that builds up in the body during the day and makes you feel sleepy at night. Sensitivity to caffeine varies, but the American Academy of Sleep Medicine says to avoid caffeine in the late afternoon and evening. Experiment with the timing that works best for you. For some people, cutting out caffeine by late morning is best. No feasting on heavy meals right before bed. Eating a big meal right before bed can disrupt your sleep. Digestion slows at night and laying flat after eating can lead to physical discomforts like heartburn. Stop eating heavy foods (like chocolate cakes, cheese burger, and steak) a couple of hours before bed. But it’s fine to eat a little snack in the evening—think chips or a bowl of cereal. ___20___ A. Cut out coffee by late morning. B. If your digestion is done, you tend to sleep better. C. Do avoid caffeine in the late afternoon and evening. D. So, what should we eat to help us improve sleep quality? E. People who have high fiber diets tend to sleep more deeply. F. However, don’t assume that eating these foods makes you instantly sleepy. G. Actually, there are many science-backed dietary practices that improve sleep quality. 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I began my journey at 12, working as a waitress — a job that gave me more about people than any classroom. When I went on to college, it also ____21____ for tuition and housing and — eventually — a camera. But best of all, being a waitress taught me to quickly ____22____ and understand all kinds of people. I learned how to make small talk and how to quickly put people at ease — great training for a ____23____. From the moment I picked up a camera I was ____24____ . I lost interest in other hobbies, and all I wanted to do was take pictures for the university newspaper, the Minnesota Daily. In six months, I was able to get a lot of great ____25____. The week I finished college, I was ____26____ by the Worthington Daily Globe. By some miracle I was hired, and the two-year experience that followed was like a master class in photojournalism. One morning, a phone call ____27____ everything. “You a photographer?” asked a rough voice. When I replied that indeed I was, the voice ____28____, “This is Bob Gilka. National Geographic. I need a hail (冰雹) damage ____29____. You guys get a big hailstorm last night?” I ____30____ my nervousness and said, “Yes, sir.” When he asked if I could take the photo for him, I again said, “Yes, sir.” My little picture of hail damage was well ____31____ and launched my 40-year career with the ____32____. Through decades, my lens captured ____33____ truths: Norwegian farmers and Mongolian herders sharing identical laughter creases (皱纹); tsunami survivors and wildfire fighter displaying equal ____34____. Crafting my photography exhibition, I feel each frame pulses with ____35____ stories. 21. A. paid B. earned C. spent D. afforded 22. A. praise B. confirm C. entertain D. assess 23. A. teacher B. waitress C. journalist D. student 24 A. moved B. absorbed C. struck D. thrown 25. A. money B. equipment C. knowledge D. experience 26. A. visited B. recommended C. contacted D. appointed 27. A. improved B. declared C. recorded D. changed 28. A. shouted B. responded C. doubted D. whispered 29. A. picture B. evidence C. document D. scene 30. A. withdrew B. overcame C. admitted D. showed 31. A. adopted B. examined C. received D. sold 32. A. magazine B. book C. poster D. brochure 33. A. local B. universal C. distant D. national 34. A. courage B. beauty C. fear D. pain 35. A. written B. translated C. copied D. unspoken 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Australia is a land of contrasts and harmony—a place where ancient traditions coexist with modern innovations, and diverse cultures blend into a unique national identity. ____36____ its native roots to its contemporary multicultural society, Australia’s culture and lifestyle offer a rich picture worth ____37____ (explore). Australia’s cultural narrative begins with its First Nations peoples—Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities who ____38____ (inhabit) the land for over 65,000 years. Their deep ____39____ (spirit) connection to the land, known as “Country,” is expressed through art, music, dance, and storytelling. Traditional practices, such as the use of bush tucker (native foods like kangaroo, emu, and bush tomatoes), ____40____ (consistent) influence modern Australian cuisine and cultural expressions. Today, Australia is one of the world’s most multicultural nations. According to the 2021 Census, nearly 30% of Australians are born overseas, and over 300 languages ____41____ (speak) across the country. Major cities like Sydney and Melbourne are vibrant places of cultural diversity, ____42____ communities from Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and Africa contribute to a dynamic social structure. Australians are known for their laid-back attitude and love for outdoor activities. With ____43____ climate that encourages year-round outdoor living, Australians often engage in surfing, hiking, barbecuing, and sports. The concept of “mateship,” emphasizing friendship and ____44____ (equal), is a cornerstone (基石) of Australian social life. Australia is home to several world-renowned universities and research institutions. The country’s education system attracts international students, contributing to its cultural diversity. Innovation is encouraged, with researches and development in various fields ____45____ (support) by the government. It is always a unique and welcoming place to live in and explore. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校即将举办一场英语演讲比赛，主题为对雨果(Victor Hugo)的名言“Perseverance, secret of all triumphs(胜利)”的理解。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1.你对这句名言的理解； 2.以自己或他人的事例进行阐述。 注意： 1.写作词数应为100个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Good morning, everyone! __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your attention. 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was time for bed. However, Demi, Meg and John’s five-year-old son, exposed the motherly indulgences (溺爱) by fearlessly demanding, “More candies, mum.” “Now this won’t do,” said John, hardening his heart against the little naughty boy. He told Meg that they would never enjoy any peace until the child learned to go to bed properly. Meg agreed that it was time to give Demi a lesson. But Meg also worried that Demi wouldn’t go to bed alone and he never did unless she stayed beside him. “I’ll manage him.” John said to Meg, turning to Demi, “Now go upstairs, and get into your bed” . “No” replied the young trouble-maker, helping himself to the candy and taking a bite with calm bravery. John warned Demi that he must never speak that way to his father and that he would carry him upstairs if he did not go himself. “Go away I don’t love Papa” Demi hid behind his mother’s skirts for protection. Despite this, he was handed over to John, who took him upstairs. Meg begged John to be gentle with Demi, but the boy was upset when his mother abandoned him. He felt that something bad was about to happen. Without his candy and fun, he was carried to the bed, kicking and screaming all the way upstairs. The minute he was put into bed on one side, he rolled out on the other, and made for the door, only to be caught up by the tail of his little pajamas (睡衣), and put back again. This lively performance was kept up till the young man’s strength gave out when he devoted himself to screaming at the top of his lungs. This crying exercise usually defeated Meg, but John sat as gunmoved. No sugar, no song, no story and even the light was put out. This new order of things annoyed him, and he cried loudly for mama. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Meg could not bear to hear Demi’s cries and ran upstairs. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With Meg’s gentle comfort and John’s encouragement, Demi gradually became quiet. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年下学期高二期末四校联考试卷 英语 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共10页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.开考前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、班级、考号等相关信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Volunteering is one of the rewarding activities you can engage in. There are numerous types of volunteer work. Pick one that interests you. Homeless Shelter Assistance Volunteers play a vital role in improving the lives of those facing housing insecurity by serving meals and distributing essentials like blankets and kits, and providing emotional support and engaging in conversations. This opportunity is ideal for sympathetic and patient individuals. Volunteers should have strong interpersonal skills, and be open to working with people from diverse backgrounds. Beach and River Cleanups Plastic pollution threatens marine life, with millions of tons of waste entering oceans and waterways annually. By volunteering for beach and river cleanups, you can help remove pollution, protect wildlife, and raise awareness about plastic waste. It is designed for environmentalists, families, and corporate teams. This type of volunteering is for individuals passionate about marine conservation, pollution reduction, and sustainability awareness. Psychological Support Services Disasters leave not only physical damage but also deep emotional scars on survivors, especially those who have lost loved ones, homes, or livelihoods. Psychological support volunteers help individuals cope with trauma, grief, and emotional distress. This work is best for mental health professionals, therapists, social workers, and psychology students with experience in trauma counseling. Online tutoring and Mentoring Virtual tutoring and tutoring help students worldwide improve academic performance, develop career skills, and gain confidence. By removing geographical barriers, this provides accessible education to underserved communities. Virtual tutoring can be a great way to give back if you are patient, knowledgeable in a particular subject, and it’s especially beneficial for individuals pursuing careers in education. So, which type of volunteer work suits you most? Get More Info Now>> 1. What do Homeless Shelter Assistance and Psychological Support Services have in common? A. They call for teamwork. B. They value mental aid. C. They benefit career skills. D. They focus on social skills. 2. Who is qualified to engage in Online tutoring and Mentoring? A. Lily who is proficient in mathematics. B. Mike who is sympathetic towards others. C. Jack who is helpful in distributing essentials. D. Lucy who is responsible for picking up plastics. 3. In what section of a website may you find a passage like this? A. Public Services. B. Social Activities. C. Sports and Health. D. Finance and Business. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了几种不同类型的志愿工作及其适合的人群和特点。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Homeless Shelter Assistance部分“Volunteers play a vital role in improving the lives of those facing housing insecurity by serving meals and distributing essentials like blankets and kits, and providing emotional support and engaging in conversations. (志愿者通过提供餐食、分发毯子和工具包等必需品，提供情感支持和进行交谈，在改善面临住房不安全的人的生活方面发挥着至关重要的作用。)”和Psychological Support Services部分“Psychological support volunteers help individuals cope with trauma, grief, and emotional distress. (心理支持志愿者帮助个人应对创伤、悲伤和情绪困扰。)”可知，Homeless Shelter Assistance和Psychological Support Services的共同点是它们都重视心理援助。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Online tutoring and Mentoring部分“Virtual tutoring can be a great way to give back if you are patient, knowledgeable in a particular subject, and it’s especially beneficial for individuals pursuing careers in education. (如果你有耐心，对某一学科有深入的了解，那么虚拟辅导是一种很好的回馈方式，对于那些从事教育职业的人来说尤其有益。)”可知，Lily精通数学，所以她可以从事在线辅导和指导工作。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是结合第一段“Volunteering is one of the rewarding activities you can engage in. There are numerous types of volunteer work. Pick one that interests you. (志愿服务是你能参与的有益活动之一。志愿工作有很多种类型。选择一个你感兴趣的。)”可知，文章主要介绍了几种不同类型的志愿工作及其适合的人群和特点，所以可能会在网站的“社会活动”部分找到这篇文章。故选B。 B When my son started preschool, my husband and I realized he was different. Almost every morning at drop-off, he would hold on to my leg until I could free myself and run away feeling guilty. We soon learned that he spent most days with his head on his desk, refusing to speak or make eye contact with anyone. However, he had no problem speaking at home, which puzzled us. It wasn’t long before he was diagnosed with selective mutism (SM), a rare form of anxiety characterized by the inability to speak in certain situations. For a child like him, school and other social situations can be especially stressful, which explained why my son didn’t want us to leave him there. I went into full mama bear mode. Each year, I wrote a detailed email to his classroom teacher before the start of school, giving them information on how to deal with him in class. But in a public school, with nearly 40 kids per class and only one counselor (顾问) to deal with everything, my emails often went ignored. And when I turned to the administration, they suggested we find another school. However, my son begged me to keep him in the same school with his older sister, insisting if he had to go to school, he liked knowing she was in the building. Against our better judgement, we decided to trust him and let him lead. To our surprise, his competitive nature made him a determined student, and his grades reflected his effort. His spirit made me want to be a positive advocate. After constant efforts, his fourth grade teacher finally responded to my summer email and we came up with solutions that met the curriculum within his level of comfort. Now, he is still a little nervous about school, but I’m less anxious when seeing he’s playing soccer with a team of boys he calls his ‌“friends”. And for the first time in a long time, he let go of my leg, waved goodbye and walked into the school building to face the day. 4. What caused the author to realize that her son was special? A. His poor performance in exams. B. His inability to speak to strangers. C. His unwillingness to obey rules. D. His abnormal behaviors at school. 5. What does ‌“full mama bear mode” show about the mother? A. She started taking persistent and organized actions to support her son. B. She became angry because the school staff didn’t give enough support. C. She became so emotional that she struggled to control her son’s behaviour. D. She demanded immediate changes from teachers regardless of being ignored. 6. Which of the following best describes the author? A. Strict and demanding. B. Knowledgeable and caring. C. Resolute and optimistic. D. Strong-willed and competitive. 7. What message does the story seem to convey? A. Schools should reform the current curriculum. B. Strong family support makes a confident child. C. A determined soul will finally achieve his dream. D. Mental encouragement is crucial to children’s growth. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者儿子患选择性缄默症，在学校表现异常，作者努力为儿子争取支持，最终儿子有所改变的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Almost every morning at drop off, he would hold on to my leg until I could free myself and run away feeling guilty. We soon learned that he spent most days with his head on his desk, refusing to speak or make eye contact with anyone. However, he had no problem speaking at home, which puzzled us.(几乎每天早上送他上学时，他都会紧紧抓住我的腿，直到我挣脱并带着愧疚跑开。我们很快发现他大部分时间都把头埋在课桌上，拒绝和任何人说话或眼神交流。然而，他在家说话却没问题，这让我们很困惑)”可知，作者儿子在学校的异常行为让作者意识到他很特别。故选D项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“I went into full mama bear mode. Each year, I wrote a detailed email to his classroom teacher before the start of school, giving them information on how to deal with him in class.(我立刻进入了“母熊护崽”模式——每年开学前，我都会给班主任写一封详细的邮件，详细说明如何在课堂上引导他的行为)”可知，“full mama bear mode”意味着作者在每年开学前都会给班主任写信，详细说明如何在课堂上引导儿子的行为，这表明作者开始采取持续且有条理的行动来支持儿子。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Each year, I wrote a detailed email to his classroom teacher before the start of school, giving them information on how to deal with him in class.(每年开学前，我都会给班主任写一封详细的邮件，详细说明如何在课堂上引导他的行为)”和第四段中“After constant efforts, his fourth grade teacher finally responded to my summer email and we came up with solutions that met the curriculum within his level of comfort.(经过不断的努力，他的四年级老师终于回复了我夏天的邮件，我们提出了在他满意的范围内满足课程要求的解决方案)”可知，作者的坚持最终得到理想的结果，说明作者非常坚定(resolute)；根据最后一段中“Now, he is still a little nervous about school, but I’m less anxious when seeing he’s playing soccer with a team of boys he calls his ‌‘friends’.(现在，他对上学还是有点紧张，但当我看到他和一群他称之为“朋友”的男孩踢足球时，我就不那么紧张了)”也可以看出，作者对儿子的情况是乐观的(optimistic)。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Against our better judgement, we decided to trust him and let him lead.(违背我们更好的判断，我们决定信任他，让他来主导)”以及“After constant efforts, his fourth grade teacher finally responded to my summer email and we came up with solutions that met the curriculum within his level of comfort.(经过不断努力，他四年级的老师终于回复了我夏天发的邮件，我们想出了符合他舒适程度的课程解决方案)”和最后一段“Now, he is still a little nervous about school, but I’m less anxious when seeing he’s playing soccer with a team of boys he calls his ‘friends’. And for the first time in a long time, he let go of my leg, waved goodbye and walked into the school building to face the day.(现在，他对学校还是有点紧张，但当我看到他和一群他称之为“朋友”的男孩一起踢足球时，我没那么焦虑了。很长时间以来，他第一次松开我的腿，挥手告别，走进学校去面对新的一天)”可知，作者给予儿子信任和持续的支持，儿子最终有了积极的改变，这表明了强大的家庭支持能让孩子变得自信。故选B项。 C Researchers at the Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences are on the frontline of postharvest technology, dedicated to preserving the freshness and nutritional value of vegetables while reducing waste. Their work extends beyond shelf life alone, focusing also on maintaining the quality of produce. One key focus is rapid precooling, a critical step in preserving freshness. This involves lowering the temperatures of freshly harvested vegetables to the ideal levels for long-term storage. “It’s like enveloping them in invisible freshness ‘armor’,” said Wang Qing, a researcher at the academy. However, achieving effective precooling involves its challenges. Different vegetables and varying levels of ripeness require temperature controls. To address this issue, the researchers created advanced experimental platforms in their lab, carefully recording changes under various conditions to identify the ideal temperature range for each produce type. After months of research, they developed new methods like controlling air cooling speed and humidity, using flowing-ice in layered containers, and using tiny ozone particles (臭氧分子) for cleaning bacteria. “Beyond the technology, we’ve developed a range of precooling equipment suited to various vegetables,” said Zhao Xiaoyan, an official at the academy. These new methods have made precooling much more effective, doubling or even quadrupling the shelf life of vegetables sent to cities. Discoloration also poses significant challenges for vegetable preservation. “Discoloration during storage often results in entire shipments being rejected, causing financial losses for farmers and businesses alike,” said Wang Dan, a member of the team. Starting with white radishes (萝卜), creating and analyzing the vegetable’s blue discoloration process in laboratory and real-world conditions, the team identified a plant compound (化合物) that produce the unwanted blue color and discovered that controlling gas composition within packaging could effectively prevent discoloration. Researchers then expanded their research to other vegetables, identifying the main processes that cause color. Over the past two years, the team’s innovations have been applied in 75 cities, including Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen. The researchers’ specialized preservation technologies and devices have revolutionized the vegetable supply chain, generating additional sales and increasing profits for related industries. 8. What does the underlined word “armor” in paragraph 2 most likely mean? A. A precooling system. B. A storage method. C. A temperature controller. D. A protective covering. 9. What innovation did researchers achieve in precooling? A. Using ozone particles to replace cleaning processes. B. Improving air cooling efficiency and humidity level. C. Developing tailored equipment and diverse methods. D. Creating standardized temperature for each produce type. 10. What is the key to tackling discoloration? A. Recreating discoloration process. B. Adjusting gas inside the sealed pack. C. Identifying plant compounds causing blue. D. Testing white radishes under real conditions. 11. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To explain major challenges in vegetable storage. B. To introduce breakthroughs in vegetable freshness. C. To share researchers’ opinions in vegetable preservation. D. To highlight the value of Chinese postharvest technology. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是北京市农林科学院的研究人员在采后技术领域取得的突破性进展，尤其是他们在蔬菜保鲜方面所做的努力和成果。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“This involves lowering the temperatures of freshly harvested vegetables to the ideal levels for long-term storage. “It’s like enveloping them in invisible freshness(这涉及将刚采摘的蔬菜的温度降至适宜长期储存的理想水平。“这就像给它们裹上一层无形的新鲜……”)”可知，将刚采摘的蔬菜的温度降至适宜长期储存的理想水平可以保持它们的新鲜，因此划线词所在句子表示“这就像给蔬菜裹上了一层无形的新鲜‘铠甲’”，划线词armor的意思是“盔甲”，和A protective covering意思相近。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“To address this issue, the researchers created advanced experimental platforms in their lab, carefully recording changes under various conditions to identify the ideal temperature range for each produce type. After months of research, they developed new methods like controlling air cooling speed and humidity, using flowing-ice in layered containers, and using tiny ozone particles (臭氧分子) for cleaning bacteria. “Beyond the technology, we’ve developed a range of precooling equipment suited to various vegetables,” said Zhao Xiaoyan, an official at the academy.(为了解决这一问题，研究人员在实验室中搭建了先进的实验平台，仔细记录各种条件下的变化，以确定每种农产品的理想温度范围。经过数月的研究，他们开发出了新方法，如控制风冷速度和湿度、使用分层容器中的流冰，以及利用微小臭氧分子杀菌。“除了技术之外，我们还开发了一系列适合不同蔬菜的预冷设备，”北京市农林科学院官员赵小燕说道。)”可知，研究人员在预冷方面取得的创新成果是开发量身定制的设备和多样化的方法。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Starting with white radishes (萝卜), creating and analyzing the vegetable’s blue discoloration process in laboratory and real-world conditions, the team identified a plant compound (化合物) that produce the unwanted blue color and discovered that controlling gas composition within packaging could effectively prevent discoloration.(研究团队从白萝卜入手，在实验室和实际条件下创建并分析蔬菜变蓝的过程，确定了一种导致不期望的蓝色产生的植物化合物，并发现控制包装内的气体成分可以有效防止变色。)”可知，解决变色问题的关键是调节密封包装内的气体。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Researchers at the Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences are on the frontline of postharvest technology, dedicated to preserving the freshness and nutritional value of vegetables while reducing waste. Their work extends beyond shelf life alone, focusing also on maintaining the quality of produce.(北京市农林科学院的研究人员站在采后技术的前沿，致力于在减少浪费的同时，保持蔬菜的新鲜度和营养价值。他们的工作不仅局限于延长保质期，还注重保持农产品的品质。)”可知，本文主要讲的是北京市农林科学院的研究人员在采后技术领域取得的突破性进展，尤其是他们在蔬菜保鲜方面所做的努力和成果，因此本文的目的是介绍蔬菜保鲜方面的突破性成果。故选B。 D While free diving — diving without an oxygen tank — to photograph kelp (海藻) forests, I’ve strongly felt the limit as a living being — the short- lived single breath and the capacity of my lungs. Kelp forests, too, are reaching a tipping point. These towering underwater jungles, which release life-giving oxygen into the sea, store carbon, shelter other organisms, protect shorelines, and remain the basis of life for many marine worlds, are going through critical changes that could push them beyond their ability to recover. Heat waves, declining sea star numbers, and increasing urchin (海胆) populations have caused the desertification of kelp forest. In some regions, more than 90 percent of these forests have disappeared within only the past 10 years. Some native communities, who have long understood kelp’s role as both shelter and lifeline, describe the plant as the ocean’s “life channel,” carrying life through the currents. Now the flow is slowing down. And yet, scientists are studying kelp not just as a sufferer of climate change but as a survivor. “Diving into the kelp forest is like falling into a dream,” says Sara T. Gonzalez, a researcher at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. “But above all the magic of the kelp forest, what really motivated me to study kelp was its two-fold importance as an essential habitat for marine life and as a valued natural resource in human society.” In a recent study in the Journal of Applied Phycology, Gonzalez’s team identified a certain kelp variety with natural genetic (基因的) adaptations that help them withstand rising ocean temperatures. By combining the gene of this kelp with other sea plants — from different species, they produced organisms that grew very well under heat stress. Since this resistance seems to be passed to young generations, it could contribute to both wild kelp restoration and seaweed farming. Across the world’s oceans, kelp forests are indeed disappearing — but their own cells might hold the blueprints for their survival. “All kelp share the same life cycle,” Gonzalez says, so this knowledge — kelp’s being resistant to heat — could be applied to other sea plants. With each discovery, scientists edge closer to restoring these forests not just in one sea but in many, facilitating the coming-back of the underwater forests that breathe life into the planet’s shifting currents. 12. The underlined words “a tipping point” refer to a point when _______. A. kelp forests start to decline dramatically. B. kelp forests reach their maximum height. C. kelp forests are most sensitive to temperature. D. kelp forests produce oxygen at the slowest speed. 13. Which of the following best describes kelp forests? A. A crucial nutrition transporter. B. An important marine ecosystem. C. A valuable food resource. D. An iconic diving destination. 14. What do we know about Gonzalez’s study? A. It involved editing the gene of kelp. B. Its results were far from satisfactory. C. Its implications go beyond one species. D. It aimed to identify the varieties of kelp. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Can Kelp Endure a Hotter Marine Ocean? B. How Can Kelp Support Marine Biodiversity? C. Can Kelp’s Gene Be Applied to Other Sea Plants? D. How Can We preserve Kelp Forests from habitat Loss? 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了海带森林因气候变化而面临临界点，其重要性在于维持海洋生态系统，以及科学家通过研究海带的耐热基因来帮助恢复并应用于其他海洋植物。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线短语后文“Heat waves, declining sea star numbers, and increasing urchin (海胆) populations have caused the desertification of kelp forest. In some regions, more than 90 percent of these forests have disappeared within only the past 10 years.(热浪、海星数量的减少以及海胆数量的增加导致了海藻群落的荒漠化。在某些地区，超过90%的这些群落仅在过去10年内就消失了)”可知，海藻群落在某些地区仅在过去10年内就消失了，说明海带森林开始急剧衰退。故划线短语指的是“海带森林开始急剧衰退”。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“But above all the magic of the kelp forest, what really motivated me to study kelp was its two-fold importance as an essential habitat for marine life and as a valued natural resource in human society.(但要说最神奇的还是海带群落的魔力，促使我研究海带的真正原因在于它具有双重的重要性：一方面它是海洋生物的重要栖息地，另一方面它又是人类社会中宝贵的自然资源)”可知，海带群落是一种重要的海洋生态系统。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“In a recent study in the Journal of Applied Phycology, Gonzalez’s team identified a certain kelp variety with natural genetic (基因的) adaptations that help them withstand rising ocean temperatures. By combining the gene of this kelp with other sea plants — from different species, they produced organisms that grew very well under heat stress.(在《应用心理学杂志》最近的一项研究中，冈萨雷斯的团队发现了一种具有自然遗传适应性的海带，这种海带可以帮助它们抵御不断上升的海洋温度。通过将这种海带的基因与来自不同物种的其他海洋植物结合起来，他们生产出了在高温胁迫下生长良好的生物)”可知，冈萨雷斯的研究影响范围不仅限于一种物种。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Heat waves, declining sea star numbers, and increasing urchin (海胆) populations have caused the desertification of kelp forest. In some regions, more than 90 percent of these forests have disappeared within only the past 10 years. Some native communities, who have long understood kelp’s role as both shelter and lifeline, describe the plant as the ocean’s “life channel,” carrying life through the currents. Now the flow is slowing down.(热浪、海星数量的减少以及海胆数量的增加导致了海带森林的荒漠化。在某些地区，这些森林在过去仅10年内就失去了超过90%的面积。一些原住民社区长期以来一直认为海带不仅具有庇护作用，还是生命之源，他们将这种植物描述为海洋的“生命通道”，通过洋流传递着生命。如今，这种流动正在减缓)”并结合全文可知，文章讲述了海带森林因气候变化而面临临界点，其重要性在于维持海洋生态系统，以及科学家通过研究海带的耐热基因来帮助恢复并应用于其他海洋植物。A选项“海带能否在更热的海洋环境中存活？”符合主题，最适合用作文章标题。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Want better sleep at night? You may need to rethink your eating habits, as what you eat can all play a role in whether you sleep well at night. ___16___ Here are some suggestions for you. Seek out foods rich in tryptophan. Tryptophan (色氨酸) is an amino acid changed to chemicals that play an important role in sleep. You can find tryptophan in brown rice, Oats, pumpkin seeds, tofu, white beans and yogurt. ___17___ Working them into your diet will promote healthier sleep over time. Swap sugary and processed foods for fruits and vegetables. Many fruits and vegies are good sources for multiple sleep-supporting nutrients, which also help the body to produce melatonin (褪黑素). They’re also a great source of fiber. ___18___ Instead, having more processed foods and more added sugars can lead to a higher risk of sleeplessness nights. ___19___ Caffeine (咖啡因) makes you feel alert because it blocks adenosine (腺苷), a chemical that builds up in the body during the day and makes you feel sleepy at night. Sensitivity to caffeine varies, but the American Academy of Sleep Medicine says to avoid caffeine in the late afternoon and evening. Experiment with the timing that works best for you. For some people, cutting out caffeine by late morning is best. No feasting on heavy meals right before bed. Eating a big meal right before bed can disrupt your sleep. Digestion slows at night and laying flat after eating can lead to physical discomforts like heartburn. Stop eating heavy foods (like chocolate cakes, cheese burger, and steak) a couple of hours before bed. But it’s fine to eat a little snack in the evening—think chips or a bowl of cereal. ___20___ A. Cut out coffee by late morning. B. If your digestion is done, you tend to sleep better. C. Do avoid caffeine in the late afternoon and evening. D. So, what should we eat to help us improve sleep quality? E. People who have high fiber diets tend to sleep more deeply. F. However, don’t assume that eating these foods makes you instantly sleepy. G. Actually, there are many science-backed dietary practices that improve sleep quality. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. E 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是通过改善饮食来提高睡眠质量的方法。 【16题详解】 空前“You may need to rethink your eating habits, as what you eat can all play a role in whether you sleep well at night.(你可能需要重新考虑你的饮食习惯，因为你吃的东西对你晚上是否睡得好都有影响。)”说明饮食习惯和睡眠有关，空后“Here are some suggestions for you.(这里有一些建议给你。)”说明了接下来要讲一些改善饮食习惯的建议，G选项“Actually, there are many science-backed dietary practices that improve sleep quality.(事实上，有许多有科学依据的饮食习惯可以改善睡眠质量。)”说明了有的饮食习惯可以改善睡眠，承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 空后“Working them into your diet will promote healthier sleep over time.(随着时间的推移，将它们纳入你的饮食中会促进更健康的睡眠。)”说明要花一定的时间，空前所说的含色氨酸的食物才能促进睡眠，F选项“However, don’t assume that eating these foods makes you instantly sleepy.(然而，不要以为吃这些食物会让你立刻昏昏欲睡。)”说明这些食物不是立刻就会让人想睡觉，和后面的“over time”相一致，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选F。 【18题详解】 空前“Many fruits and vegies are good sources for multiple sleep-supporting nutrients, which also help the body to produce melatonin (褪黑素). They’re also a great source of fiber.(许多水果和蔬菜是多种睡眠营养素的良好来源，这些营养素也有助于身体产生褪黑激素。它们也是纤维的重要来源。)”说明水果和蔬菜里含有纤维，空格处应该说纤维和睡眠之间的关系，E选项“People who have high fiber diets tend to sleep more deeply.(高纤维饮食的人往往睡得更深。)”说明了纤维和睡眠的关系，承接上文，符合语境，故选E。 19题详解】 空格处是本段小标题，由空后“Caffeine (咖啡因) makes you feel alert because it blocks adenosine (腺苷), a chemical that builds up in the body during the day and makes you feel sleepy at night.(咖啡因能让你感到清醒，因为它能阻止腺苷，这种化学物质白天在体内积累，晚上会让你感到困倦。)”可知，本段主要讲的是咖啡因和睡眠的关系，C选项“Do avoid caffeine in the late afternoon and evening.(不要在下午晚些时候和晚上摄入咖啡因。)”说明了不要在下午晚些时候和晚上摄入咖啡因，概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选C。 20题详解】 空前“Digestion slows at night and laying flat after eating can lead to physical discomforts like heartburn. Stop eating heavy foods (like chocolate cakes, cheese burger, and steak) a couple of hours before bed. But it’s fine to eat a little snack in the evening—think chips or a bowl of cereal.(晚上消化变慢，吃完后平躺会导致胃灼热等身体不适。睡前几个小时不要吃油腻的食物（比如巧克力蛋糕、奶酪汉堡和牛排）。但是在晚上吃一点零食是可以的——比如薯片或一碗麦片。)”说明了睡前吃得多会影响消化，进而影响睡眠，空格处应该和消化有关，B选项“If your digestion is done, you tend to sleep better.(如果你的消化完成了，你就会睡得更好。)”说明消化完了以后就睡得好了，承接上文，符合语境，故选B。 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I began my journey at 12, working as a waitress — a job that gave me more about people than any classroom. When I went on to college, it also ____21____ for tuition and housing and — eventually — a camera. But best of all, being a waitress taught me to quickly ____22____ and understand all kinds of people. I learned how to make small talk and how to quickly put people at ease — great training for a ____23____. From the moment I picked up a camera, I was ____24____ . I lost interest in other hobbies, and all I wanted to do was take pictures for the university newspaper, the Minnesota Daily. In six months, I was able to get a lot of great ____25____. The week I finished college, I was ____26____ by the Worthington Daily Globe. By some miracle I was hired, and the two-year experience that followed was like a master class in photojournalism. One morning, a phone call ____27____ everything. “You a photographer?” asked a rough voice. When I replied that indeed I was, the voice ____28____, “This is Bob Gilka. National Geographic. I need a hail (冰雹) damage ____29____. You guys get a big hailstorm last night?” I ____30____ my nervousness and said, “Yes, sir.” When he asked if I could take the photo for him, I again said, “Yes, sir.” My little picture of hail damage was well ____31____ and launched my 40-year career with the ____32____. Through decades, my lens captured ____33____ truths: Norwegian farmers and Mongolian herders sharing identical laughter creases (皱纹); tsunami survivors and wildfire fighter displaying equal ____34____. Crafting my photography exhibition, I feel each frame pulses with ____35____ stories. 21. A. paid B. earned C. spent D. afforded 22. A. praise B. confirm C. entertain D. assess 23. A. teacher B. waitress C. journalist D. student 24. A. moved B. absorbed C. struck D. thrown 25. A. money B. equipment C. knowledge D. experience 26. A. visited B. recommended C. contacted D. appointed 27. A. improved B. declared C. recorded D. changed 28. A. shouted B. responded C. doubted D. whispered 29. A. picture B. evidence C. document D. scene 30. A. withdrew B. overcame C. admitted D. showed 31. A. adopted B. examined C. received D. sold 32. A. magazine B. book C. poster D. brochure 33. A. local B. universal C. distant D. national 34. A. courage B. beauty C. fear D. pain 35. A. written B. translated C. copied D. unspoken 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从12岁开始做服务员，后来通过努力成为摄影师，并最终在《国家地理》杂志工作的经历。作者通过镜头捕捉了普遍的人性真理，展现了不同文化背景下人们共同的情感和勇气。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我继续上大学时，它也支付了学费和住房费用，最终还买了一台相机。A. paid支付；B. earned赚取；C. spent花费；D. afforded负担得起。根据前文“I began my journey at 12, working as a waitress — a job that gave me more about people than any classroom.”可知，作者做女服务员的工作赚的钱支付了学费和住房费用。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最重要的是，做女服务员教会了我快速评估和理解各种各样的人。A. praise表扬；B. confirm确认；C. entertain娱乐；D. assess评估。根据后文“understand all kinds of people”可知，作者学会了快速评估和理解各种各样的人。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学会了如何闲聊，如何迅速让人放松——这对一名记者来说是很好的训练。A. teacher教师；B. waitress女服务员；C. journalist记者；D. student学生。根据后文“I lost interest in other hobbies, and all I wanted to do was take pictures for the university newspaper, the Minnesota Daily.”可知，作者后来成为了一名记者，所以做女服务员的经历对记者来说是很好的训练。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从我拿起相机的那一刻起，我就被吸引住了。A. moved移动；B. absorbed吸引；C. struck打击；D. thrown扔。根据后文“I lost interest in other hobbies, and all I wanted to do was take pictures for the university newspaper, the Minnesota Daily.”可知，作者对摄影非常着迷。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在六个月内，我获得了许多宝贵的经验。A. money钱；B. equipment设备；C. knowledge知识；D. experience经验。根据前文“take pictures for the university newspaper”可知，作者为校报拍照，积累了丰富的经验。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我大学毕业的那一周，Worthington Daily Globe联系了我。A. visited拜访；B. recommended推荐；C. contacted联系；D. appointed任命。根据后文“By some miracle I was hired, and the two-year experience that followed was like a master class in photojournalism.”可知，报社联系了作者并雇佣了她。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，一个电话改变了一切。A. improved改进；B. declared宣布；C. recorded记录；D. changed改变。根据后文“My little picture of hail damage was well ___11___ and launched my 40-year career”可知，这个电话改变了作者的职业生涯。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我回答说我确实是摄影师时，那个声音回应说：“我是鲍勃·吉尔卡。《国家地理》的。”A. shouted大喊；B. responded回应；C. doubted怀疑；D. whispered低语。根据前文“asked a rough voice”和“When I replied”可知，对方在作者回答后进行了回应。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我需要一张冰雹损坏的照片。A. picture照片；B. evidence证据；C. document文件；D. scene场景。根据后文“My little picture of hail damage”可知，对方需要一张冰雹损坏的照片。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我克服了紧张，回答说：“是的，先生。”A. withdrew撤回；B. overcame克服；C. admitted承认；D. showed展示。根据前文“my nervousness”以及下文“Yes, sir”可知，前文提到接到《国家地理》Bob Gilka的电话时，作者是紧张的（nervousness）。后文作者回答“Yes, sir”时，需要克服紧张情绪才能保持专业回应。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我那张小小的冰雹损坏照片被很好地接受了，并开启了我与《国家地理》杂志40年的职业生涯。A. adopted采用；B. examined检查；C. received接受；D. sold出售。根据后文“launched my 40-year career”可知，照片被接受并开启了作者的职业生涯，文中未提及作者的这张照片被采用收录在杂志中，A项错误。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我那张小小的冰雹损坏照片被很好地接受了，并开启了我与《国家地理》杂志40年的职业生涯。A. magazine杂志；B. book书籍；C. poster海报；D. brochure手册。根据前文“National Geographic”可知，《国家地理》是一本杂志。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：数十年来，我的镜头捕捉到了普世的真理：挪威的农夫与蒙古的牧人有着如出一辙的笑纹褶皱；海啸幸存者与野火消防员展现着同等的勇气。A. local当地的；B. universal普遍的；C. distant遥远的；D. national国家的。根据后文“Mongolian herders sharing identical laughter creases (皱纹); tsunami survivors and wildfire fighter displaying equal ___14___ .”可知，作者捕捉的是普遍的人性。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：数十年来，我的镜头捕捉到了普世的真理：挪威的农夫与蒙古的牧人有着如出一辙的笑纹褶皱；海啸幸存者与野火消防员展现着同等的勇气。A. courage勇气；B. beauty美丽；C. fear恐惧；D. pain痛苦。根据前文“tsunami survivors and wildfire fighter”可知，这些人在灾难面前表现出的应是勇气。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在制作我的摄影展时，我感到每一帧都跳动着无声的故事。A. written书面的；B. translated翻译的；C. copied复制的；D. unspoken无声的。根据前文“each frame pulses”可知，照片诉说着无声的故事。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Australia is a land of contrasts and harmony—a place where ancient traditions coexist with modern innovations, and diverse cultures blend into a unique national identity. ____36____ its native roots to its contemporary multicultural society, Australia’s culture and lifestyle offer a rich picture worth ____37____ (explore). Australia’s cultural narrative begins with its First Nations peoples—Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities who ____38____ (inhabit) the land for over 65,000 years. Their deep ____39____ (spirit) connection to the land, known as “Country,” is expressed through art, music, dance, and storytelling. Traditional practices, such as the use of bush tucker (native foods like kangaroo, emu, and bush tomatoes), ____40____ (consistent) influence modern Australian cuisine and cultural expressions. Today, Australia is one of the world’s most multicultural nations. According to the 2021 Census, nearly 30% of Australians are born overseas, and over 300 languages ____41____ (speak) across the country. Major cities like Sydney and Melbourne are vibrant places of cultural diversity, ____42____ communities from Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and Africa contribute to a dynamic social structure. Australians are known for their laid-back attitude and love for outdoor activities. With ____43____ climate that encourages year-round outdoor living, Australians often engage in surfing, hiking, barbecuing, and sports. The concept of “mateship,” emphasizing friendship and ____44____ (equal), is a cornerstone (基石) of Australian social life. Australia is home to several world-renowned universities and research institutions. The country’s education system attracts international students, contributing to its cultural diversity. Innovation is encouraged, with researches and development in various fields ____45____ (support) by the government. It is always a unique and welcoming place to live in and explore. 【答案】36. From 37. exploring 38. have inhabited 39. spiritual 40. consistently 41. are spoken 42. where 43. a 44. equality 45. supported 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述澳大利亚是传统与现代、多元文化融合之地，其文化、生活方式独特，多元社会和创新精神显著。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：从土著根源到当代多元文化社会，澳大利亚的文化和生活方式呈现出一幅值得探索的丰富图景。此空考查from...to...，为固定搭配，意为“从…… 到……”，符合语境，且句首时首字母应大写。故填From。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从土著根源到当代多元文化社会，澳大利亚的文化和生活方式呈现出一幅值得探索的丰富图景。此空考查be worth doing...，为固定搭配，意为“值得做……”。故填exploring。 【38题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：澳大利亚的文化叙事始于其原住民 —— 已在这片土地上居住超过6.5万年的土著和托雷斯海峡岛民社区。此空考查谓语动词，主语who (指代先行词Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities)与inhabit为主动关系，再由for over 65,000 years可知，用现在完成时；主语为复数。故填have inhabited。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们与被称为“Country”的土地有着深厚的精神联系，这种联系通过艺术、音乐、舞蹈和故事讲述来表达。修饰名词connection用形容词spiritual，表“精神的”，符合语境。故填spiritual。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：传统做法，如使用丛林食物（袋鼠、鸸鹋和丛林番茄等本土食物），持续影响着现代澳大利亚的美食和文化表达。修饰动词influence应用副词consistently，表“持续地”，符合语境。故填consistently。 41题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：根据 2021年的人口普查，近30%的澳大利亚人出生在海外，全国有300多种语言被使用。此空考查谓语动词，languages与speak为被动关系，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态；主语languages为复数。故填are spoken。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：悉尼和墨尔本等主要城市是文化多样性的充满活力的地方，来自亚洲、欧洲、中东和非洲的社区为动态的社会结构做出了贡献。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为places，表地点，在从句中作状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：澳大利亚人以悠闲的态度和对户外活动的热爱而闻名。由于气候鼓励全年户外生活，澳大利亚人经常从事冲浪、徒步旅行、烧烤和运动。此处表泛指“一种气候”，应用不定冠词，且climate以辅音音素开头。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：“伙伴关系”的概念强调友谊和平等，是澳大利亚社会生活的基石。根据空前的“friendship and”可知，此处填名词equality，表“平等”，为不可数名词，与friendship并列。故填equality。 45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：政府支持各个领域的研究和开发，鼓励创新。此空考查非谓语，researches and development与support为被动关系，再由语境可知，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填supported。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校即将举办一场英语演讲比赛，主题为对雨果(Victor Hugo)的名言“Perseverance, secret of all triumphs(胜利)”的理解。请你写一篇演讲稿，内容包括： 1.你对这句名言的理解； 2.以自己或他人的事例进行阐述。 注意： 1.写作词数应为100个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Good morning, everyone! __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your attention. 【答案】范文 Good morning, everyone! Victor Hugo’s words, “Perseverance, secret of all triumphs,” remind us that genuine successis reserved for those who persist in the face of adversity. Triumph is rarely handed to us — it is earned through determination and resilience. I learned this lesson through my own journey of learning the piano. At first, my fingers stumbled over the keys, and complex melodies seemed impossible. Frustration crept in, and the thought of giving up crossed my mind more than once. Yet, I chose to press on, committing to daily practice even when progress seemed slow. After months of dedication, I finally mastered a challenging piece. That moment was more than a musical milestone — it was a powerful testament to what perseverance can achieve. In academics, athletics, or any walk of life, challenges are unavoidable. But if we choose to endure — to persist despite setbacks — we open the door to growth and eventual success. Let Hugo’s wisdom inspire us all — keep going, and triumph will follow. Thank you for your attention. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇演讲稿，说明对雨果(Victor Hugo)的名言“Perseverance, secret of all triumphs(胜利)”的理解。 【详解】1.词汇积累 困境：adversity→dilemma 投入：dedication→devotion 不可避免：unavoidable→inevitable 实现：achieve→accomplish 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Triumph is rarely handed to us — it is earned through determination and resilience. 拓展句：Triumph is rarely handed to us because it is earned through determination and resilience. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Victor Hugo’s words, “Perseverance, secret of all triumphs,” remind us that genuine successis reserved for those who persist in the face of adversity.（运用了that引导宾语从句和who引导定语从句） 【高分句型2】That moment was more than a musical milestone — it was a powerful testament to what perseverance can achieve.（运用了what引导宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was time for bed. However, Demi, Meg and John’s five-year-old son, exposed the motherly indulgences (溺爱) by fearlessly demanding, “More candies, mum.” “Now this won’t do,” said John, hardening his heart against the little naughty boy. He told Meg that they would never enjoy any peace until the child learned to go to bed properly. Meg agreed that it was time to give Demi a lesson. But Meg also worried that Demi wouldn’t go to bed alone and he never did unless she stayed beside him. “I’ll manage him.” John said to Meg, turning to Demi, “Now go upstairs, and get into your bed” . “No” replied the young trouble-maker, helping himself to the candy and taking a bite with calm bravery. John warned Demi that he must never speak that way to his father and that he would carry him upstairs if he did not go himself. “Go away I don’t love Papa” Demi hid behind his mother’s skirts for protection. Despite this, he was handed over to John, who took him upstairs. Meg begged John to be gentle with Demi, but the boy was upset when his mother abandoned him. He felt that something bad was about to happen. Without his candy and fun, he was carried to the bed, kicking and screaming all the way upstairs. The minute he was put into bed on one side, he rolled out on the other, and made for the door, only to be caught up by the tail of his little pajamas (睡衣), and put back again. This lively performance was kept up till the young man’s strength gave out when he devoted himself to screaming at the top of his lungs. This crying exercise usually defeated Meg, but John sat as gunmoved. No sugar, no song, no story and even the light was put out. This new order of things annoyed him, and he cried loudly for mama. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Meg could not bear to hear Demi’s cries and ran upstairs. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With Meg’s gentle comfort and John’s encouragement, Demi gradually became quiet. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Meg could not bear to hear Demi’s cries and ran upstairs. She found John seated beside Demi’s bed, his face a mask of calm determination. Meg approached quietly and whispered, “John, is everything okay?” Her voice trembled slightly. John looked at her with understanding but resolved eyes, seeming to convey that though it was tough, they must help him learn to be independent. Meg nodded, her eyes glistening with tears. She reached out, gently kissing Demi’s forehead. John then placed a reassuring hand on Meg’s shoulder and said softly, “It’s okay, sweetheart. Daddy and Mum love you so much. You’re a big boy now, and you can do this.” With Meg’s gentle comfort and John’s encouragement, Demi gradually became quiet. His eyes fluttered open, and he looked at his parents with a mixture of fear and courage. Demi whispered that he would try to sleep by himself. Smiling through her tears, Meg gently tucked him into bed, ensuring his favorite toy was within reach. Demi squeezed Meg’s hand one last time before releasing it, a small gesture of bravery. “I love you, Papa.” he murmured, his voice already growing sleepy. As Demi’s breathing slowed and his body relaxed, John and Meg tiptoed downstairs. For the first time in a long while, they could hear the peaceful silence of a child sleeping soundly. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。到了睡觉时间，五岁Demi却索要糖果并拒绝上床睡觉。父母决定让他独自睡觉，Demi哭闹反抗，最终父亲不为所动，关灯让他独自待着。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“Meg受不了黛米的哭声，跑上楼去。”可知，第一段可描写Meg因无法忍受Demi的哭声跑上楼，看到John坐在床边时的场景，通过对John面部表情、眼神的描写，展现他帮助Demi学会独立的决心，再刻画Meg的心理活动及与John的互动，体现两人对孩子的关爱与教育共识。 ②由第二段句首内容“在Meg温柔的安慰和约翰的鼓励下，Demi渐渐安静下来。”可知，第二段可描写在父母的安慰与鼓励下，Demi从哭泣到逐渐平静的过程，通过他的眼神、语言及与父母的互动，展现其从恐惧到鼓起勇气的心理变化，最后以Demi安然入睡、父母轻踮脚下楼及听到孩子熟睡的宁静作结，突出父母对孩子的爱与陪伴助其成长的主旨。 2.续写线索：Meg上楼探情况 ——John表明教育决心 —— 父母安慰Demi——Demi展现勇气 ——Demi安然入睡 —— 父母感受宁静 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①靠近：approach/get close to/come near ② 小声说：whisper/speak softly/talk in a low voice ③ 点头：nod/agree with a nod/give a nod 情绪类 ①平静：calm/peaceful ② 恐惧：fear/terror 【点睛】【高分句型1】 John looked at her with understanding but resolved eyes, seeming to convey that though it was tough, they must help him learn to be independent. (运用了that引导的宾语从句、though引导的让步状语从句) 【高分句型2】Demi whispered that he would try to sleep by himself. 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