精品解析：北京市西城区2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

北京市西城区2024—2025学年度第二学期期末试卷 高二英语 2025.7 本试卷共14页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 第Ⅰ卷（共83分） Ⅰ.听力理解（共三节，30分） 第一节：（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分） 听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What will the man wear to the event? A. A suit. B. A jacket. C. A T-shirt. 2. How will the woman go to the shopping center today? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus. 3. What is the man looking for? A. His locker. B. His book. C. His bag. 4. What is the woman’s favorite class now? A. Art. B. Math. C. Science. 第二节：（共6小题；每小题2分，共12分） 听下面三段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第5至第6小题。 5. What is the man? A. A cleaner. B. A secretary. C. A manager. 6. What will the woman probably do next? A. Go to work. B. Answer calls. C. Buy some coffee. 听下面一段对话，回答第7至第8小题。 7. How does Tom help Mary with her garden? A. He cuts the grass. B. He shapes the bushes. C. He plants new flowers. 8. What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Classmates. C. Neighbors. 听下面一段独白，回答第9至第10小题。 9. What will Jamie Cook’s lecture focus on? A. The features of science. B. The social impacts of AI. C. The possibility of life on other planets. 10 What is the speaker’s purpose in giving the talk? A. To welcome new students. B. To present various discoveries. C. To introduce upcoming events. 第三节：（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。 How to Survive in the Wild Find water · 11 a body of water. ·Dig for water if you can’t find it around. 12 a shelter ·Find a fallen tree or a big rock. ·Search for 13 branches and lay them against the tree or rock. 14 yourself from the elements ·Eat late. ·Cover yourself with dirt and 15 when you go to sleep. Ⅱ.完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 Firefighters should be quick thinkers. In an emergency, they should figure out the speediest and safest way to act, sometimes including improvising (临时拼凑) with the things ____1____. Fire chief Fennessy knows this well. He is now making headlines for ____2____ two homes with milk and beer during a fire in Altadena, California. Although Altadena was not in his charge, Fennessy grew up there and still had family and friends there. Hearing the news of the fire, he tried to contact his brother. When he couldn’t ____3____ his brother, Fennessy decided to drive over to Altadena. On his way, he learned his brother’s family had been taken to safety, but since he had already made the ____4____, Fennessy figured he might as well take a look. When reaching the spot, Fennessy couldn’t believe his eyes at the sight of the ruins. “I haven’t seen anything like this where you drive for miles, and there’s massive ____5____,” Fennessy said. When he reached his brother’s street, his home and a neighbor’s house were still standing, but he ____6____ the flames were getting too close, as other nearby homes were already burning down. Even more worrisome, a gas meter on the neighbor’s house was melting (熔化), surrounded by fire. Thinking he had to ____7____ the gas meter, he looked for a hose (水龙带), but there was no water. Exploring his options, Fennessy ____8____ his entry through the front door of one of the homes and went into the kitchen looking for whatever he could use. “I ended up finding some milk and beer,” he explained. “To do nothing means the home’s going to be ____9____, and in this case, a little milk and beer really saved the day.” The two homes he saved are now the only two houses standing on the block. But Fennessy said he only did what he could as a trained firefighter and was getting a lot of ______10______ for what was luck in terms of timing and resources. “We’re fixers. We’re going to put our lives on the line,” Fennessy said. 1. A. at hand B. on time C. in order D. in mind 2. A. cleaning B. providing C. saving D. filling 3. A. persuade B. reach C. meet D. remind 4. A. day B. trip C. change D. appointment 5. A. access B. progress C. disturbance D. destruction 6. A. forgot B. wondered C. feared D. ignored 7. A. cool B. break C. operate D. remove 8. A. missed B. declared C. delayed D. forced 9. A. lost B. emptied C. moved D. restored 10. A. wisdom B. pride C. credit D. confidence 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了消防队长Fennessy在加利福尼亚州阿尔塔迪纳的一场火灾中，用牛奶和啤酒成功挽救两栋房屋的故事，展现了消防员在紧急情况下的机智与勇敢。 【1题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：在紧急情况下，他们应该想出最迅速、最安全的行动方式，有时包括利用手头的东西临时拼凑。A. at hand在手边；B. on time按时；C. in order整齐，有序；D. in mind在脑海中。根据“improvising (临时拼凑) with the things”可知，是利用手头现有的东西，at hand符合语境。故选A项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他现在因在加利福尼亚州阿尔塔迪纳的一场火灾中用牛奶和啤酒挽救了两栋房屋而成为新闻焦点。A. cleaning清洁；B. providing提供；C. saving挽救，拯救；D. filling填充。根据下文“The two homes he saved are now the only two houses standing on the block.”可知，Fennessy用牛奶和啤酒挽救了两栋房屋。故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当联系不上他的兄弟时，Fennessy决定开车去阿尔塔迪纳。A. persuade说服；B. reach联系，到达；C. meet遇见；D. remind提醒。根据上文“Hearing the news of the fire, he tried to contact his brother.”可知，此处指联系不上兄弟，reach有“联系”之意。故选B项。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：路上，他得知他兄弟一家已被带到安全地带，但既然他已经踏上了行程，Fennessy觉得不妨去看一看。A. day天；B. trip行程，旅行；C. change改变；D. appointment约会，预约。根据上文“Fennessy decided to drive over to Altadena”可知，他已经决定开车去阿尔塔迪纳，即踏上了行程，make the trip“踏上行程”。故选B项。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Fennessy说：“我从未见过这样的场景，开车行驶数英里，到处都是大规模的破坏。”A. access通道，机会；B. progress进步；C. disturbance干扰；D. destruction破坏。根据上文“the ruins”以及“he couldn’t believe his eyes at the sight of the ruins”可知，火灾造成了大规模的破坏。故选D项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他到达他兄弟所在的街道时，他的家和邻居的房子还矗立着，但他担心火焰越来越近，因为附近的其他房屋已经在燃烧。A. forgot忘记；B. wondered想知道；C. feared担心，害怕；D. ignored忽视。根据“the flames were getting too close, as other nearby homes were already burning down”可知，附近房屋在燃烧，火焰逼近，所以他很担心。故选C项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他觉得必须冷却煤气表，于是寻找水龙带，但没有水。A. cool冷却；B. break打破；C. operate操作；D. remove移除。根据上文“a gas meter on the neighbor’s house was melting (熔化), surrounded by fire”可知，煤气表被火包围在熔化，所以要冷却它。故选A项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在探索各种可能的办法时，Fennessy强行从前门进入其中一所房子，走进厨房寻找任何可用的东西。A. missed错过；B. declared宣布；C. delayed延迟；D. forced强行，迫使。根据当时火灾的紧急情况，房子可能处于危险或封闭状态，所以他强行从前门进入，force one’s entry“强行进入”。故选D项。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他解释说：“什么都不做意味着房子会失去，在这种情况下，一点牛奶和啤酒真的挽救了局面。”A. lost失去；B. emptied清空；C. moved移动；D. restored恢复。根据“To do nothing”以及火灾的情境可知，如果不采取措施房子就会被烧毁，即失去房子。故选A项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Fennessy说，他只是做了作为一名训练有素的消防员所能做的事情，并且因为时机和资源方面的运气而获得了很多赞誉。A. wisdom智慧；B. pride骄傲；C. credit赞扬，认可；D. confidence信心。根据上文“he only did what he could as a trained firefighter”以及他挽救房屋成为新闻焦点可知，他获得了很多赞誉，get credit for“因……而得到好评”。故选C项。 Ⅲ.阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Odyssey of the Mind (OM) promotes creativity, problem solving, teamwork, and more. It is a creative problem-solving competition that gives kids the confidence to think for themselves and to create solutions to any challenge. Independent study, original ideas, and critical thinking skills are rewarded over getting the “one right answer” thanks to our unique open-ended problems that are backed by educators and experts in STE(A)M fields. Performance, art & cultural studies are also incorporated, creating a well-rounded program that has impacted lives for over 40 years. OM benefits all types of students as they learn to think outside the box. Participation ● Students work in teams of up to seven members and spend weeks or months working together and creating solutions to long-term problems. Every year, there are six long-term problems designed for them to choose from. ● Teams are formed by division and compete against teams in the same division and problem. Grade level determines the division for teams. ● In the competition, teams have eight minutes to present their long-term problem solution. They will be scored for how well they meet the requirements of the problem (Long-Term score) and for their creativity in categories specific to that problem (Style score). Cost Yearly memberships are required to participate in OM. Each membership supports one team per problem per division. ● Standard Membership $290: Individual schools/ Multiple schools sharing a principal. ● Additional Membership $190: Only for schools who enter two teams in the same problem and division in competition. Awards ● Ranatra Fusca Creativity Award: It represents the essence of OM. It is presented to teams or individuals who exhibit exceptional creativity, either through some aspect of their problem solution, or an extraordinary idea beyond the problem solution. ● OMER’s Award: It recognizes individuals or teams who demonstrate outstanding sportsmanship, excellent behavior, or exceptional talent. ● Odyssey of the Mind Creativity Award: It recognizes an individual and/ or organization for extraordinary creative achievement or exceptional effort. ● Odyssey of the Mind Spirit Award: It recognizes an individual involved in the program who demonstrates the encouragement and development of cooperation, self-respect, and the appreciation and understanding of others. 11. What does Odyssey of the Mind value most? A. Having innovative solutions. B. Getting the right answer. C. Impacting others’ daily lives. D. Facing more challenges. 12. In Odyssey of the Mind, students will ________. A. work in groups of at least seven B. be scored from two different aspects C. address six problems at the same time D. prepare their solutions within eight minutes 13. The participant with the strongest sense of teamwork is most likely to be awarded ________. A. OMER’s Award B. Ranatra Fusca Creativity Award C. Odyssey of the Mind Spirit Award D. Odyssey of the Mind Creativity Award 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了“头脑奥德赛”（Odyssey of the Mind ，简称OM）这一创意解决问题竞赛，涵盖其培养能力、参与方式、费用及奖项设置等内容，旨在通过独特的开放式问题，提升学生的创造力、团队合作等多方面能力。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Independent study, original ideas, and critical thinking skills are rewarded over getting the “one right answer” thanks to our unique open-ended problems that are backed by educators and experts in STE(A)M fields. (由于我们独特的开放式问题得到了STE(A)M领域教育工作者和专家的支持，独立学习、原创想法和批判性思维技能比得到“唯一正确答案”更受重视。)”可知，“头脑奥德赛”最看重的是有创新的解决方案。故选A项。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Participation”部分中的“In the competition, teams have eight minutes to present their long - term problem solution. They will be scored for how well they meet the requirements of the problem (Long - Term score) and for their creativity in categories specific to that problem (Style score). (在比赛中，团队有8分钟时间展示他们的长期问题解决方案。他们将根据满足问题要求的程度（长期得分）以及在该问题特定类别中的创造力（风格得分）进行评分。)”可知，在“头脑奥德赛”中，学生将从两个不同方面被评分。故选B项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Awards”部分中的“Odyssey of the Mind Spirit Award: It recognizes an individual involved in the program who demonstrates the encouragement and development of cooperation, self - respect, and the appreciation and understanding of others. (‘头脑奥德赛精神奖’：该奖项表彰参与该项目的个人，其表现出对合作、自尊的鼓励和培养，以及对他人的欣赏和理解。)”可知，最有团队合作意识的参与者最有可能获得“头脑奥德赛精神奖”。故选C项。 B I’ve always been a daring risk taker. But when I was 15, my luck ran out. A horseback riding accident resulted in severe injuries, the death of my beloved horse Spooks, and the horrible news that I’d never ride again. I was set on proving the doctors wrong. Just a few months later, with my mother’s support, I rode sidesaddle and won my first jumping competition. The excitement was incredible. From then on, I committed my life to adventure, remembering my mother’s lesson: never say, “I can’t”. At 22, I read about an opening to be a motorcycle trick rider — I’d learned to ride a few years earlier. Still, it was 1976 and I knew they were unlikely to hire a woman. I thought about that as I signed my trick rider application, leaving off the honorific — Ms., hoping to hide the fact that I was a woman. But they never got back to me. I was heartbroken. Maybe the position had already been filled; maybe they’d discovered I was a woman. My friend Steve then proposed an idea that at first seemed crazy: learning to fly aeroplanes. “Flying is for men,” I laughed at the idea. But gradually, I realized the suggestion had stuck with me. Years ago, trial flights — brief introductory sessions with an instructor — cost just £5 for 15 minutes in the air. Steve and I both signed up, and after my first session, I couldn’t stop talking about flying. I got my license and headed for the US to work as a pilot. It wasn’t easy. Initially, people were doubtful about a woman working in the role, but I ended up outperforming my male colleagues. Twenty years later, I returned to England and started my own flying company. Now, I live a quieter life. I’ve settled in a village in Lincolnshire, spending much of my time volunteering in care homes. Last October, after nearly fifty years and countless adventures, I received a letter from a post office in Staines. It was my trick rider application. The post office apologized for the delay and explained it had been found stuck behind a drawer in the office — the company never received it. Looking back, I realized that even though I didn’t get that job, it led me to a series of adventures that shaped my life in unexpected and fulfilling ways. 14. What did winning the jumping competition bring to the writer? A. The faith in friendship. B. The acquisition of a new skill. C. The recognition of mother’s love. D. The determination to go adventuring. 15 How did the writer feel at first when Steve suggested learning to fly? A. Curious. B. Inspired. C. Desperate. D. Doubtful. 16. Why did the writer fail to receive any reply about the trick ride position? A. Because she forgot to sign the application. B. Because her application was not delivered. C. Because women were unfit for the position. D. Because the position had already been filled. 17. What can we learn from this passage? A. Smart plans make big dreams. B. The best journeys are not mapped. C. Doubt kills more goals than failure. D. Strong women create strong societies. 【答案】14. D 15. D 16. B 17. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者15岁骑马受伤后仍坚持冒险，22岁申请摩托车特技骑手未获回复，后在朋友建议下学习飞行并取得成功，多年后发现申请信因邮局失误未被公司收到，这次经历让作者感悟到人生冒险之旅充满意外与惊喜。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“From then on, I committed my life to adventure, remembering my mother’s lesson: never say, “I can’t”. (从那时起，我投身于冒险生活，牢记母亲的教诲：永远不要说“我不能”)”可知，赢得跳跃比赛让作者下定决心去冒险。故选D项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Flying is for men,” I laughed at the idea.(“飞行是男人的事”我嘲笑这个想法)”可知，当史蒂夫建议学习飞行时，作者一开始是怀疑的。故选D项。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The post office apologized for the delay and explained it had been found stuck behind a drawer in the office—the company never received it.(邮局为延误道歉，并解释说信被发现卡在办公室抽屉后面——公司从未收到)”可知，作者没有收到关于特技骑手职位回复的原因是她的申请没有被送到公司。故选B项。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。主要讲述作者15岁骑马受伤后仍坚持冒险，22岁申请摩托车特技骑手未获回复，后在朋友建议下学习飞行并取得成功，多年后发现申请信因邮局失误未被公司收到，这次经历让作者感悟到人生冒险之旅充满意外与惊喜。B选项“The best journeys are not mapped.（最好的旅程是无法规划的。）”符合推断。故选B项。 C Elephants and gorillas in the Republic of the Congo’s rainforests spend a lot of time hiding in the shadows — or so we thought. Using drone (无人机) surveys and AI processing, scientists have discovered an extensive network of mysterious open clearings among the trees. Animals like elephants, gorillas visit these muddy areas, called bais, in the languages of the Indigenous Ba’Aka, to search for vital nutrition and maintain their complex social networks. The numerous playgrounds are visible in satellite images, and AI analysis is helping researchers find them more effectively. The discovery began in 2021 when Sylvain Ngouma and Evan Hockridge came upon a massive clearing during fieldwork in Odzala-Kokoua National Park and found a trail (踪迹) of wet, pot-sized footprints leading through the woods to the open roundabout. Hockridge, who had thought bais were abnormal, says, “I had it backward. It kind of hit me when I was there. You can’t understand animal interactions without first understanding bais.” For the next three summers, the team investigated the clearings. They analyzed camera-trap images, confirming what local people had told them — that these natural clearings are crucial gathering grounds for some of the world’s most endangered mammals. The bais, they realized, are big melting pots, big playgrounds, for a collection of forest animals. During the initial surveys, the team followed elephant trails to move through the rainforest from bai to bai. This process led Hockridge to wonder about a network. Although previous studies documented animal behavior in selected bais, no one had counted them or had the means to map their distribution. The team partnered with African Parks, using drones to scan known sites. They trained an AI algorithm (算法) to identify bais in satellite imagery, revealing 2,176 clearings in one park — 10 times more than previously recorded. Bais are always near rivers or streams. Most are smaller than a city block, but few, at more than 100 acres, are bigger than some college campuses. “Bais are ultimately islands of resources, and animals produce these networks of trails to essentially navigate to and from a network of bais,” Hockridge says. The researchers’ map of bais, the first of its kind, is also a map of conservation priorities. “We find that a huge portion of the animal community depends on this unique ecosystem. These species don’t have alternative habitats other than bais,” Hockridge says. The study is also a step toward solving the ultimate mystery: How did bais form? Many ecologists have argued that a combination of hydrology (水文学) and animal landscaping is at play. But definitive proof remains elusive. Now, with a map in hand and camera traps still in place, the research team is tracking long-term changes, which have implications for the maintenance of these crucial animal habitats. “We have hypotheses (假说),” Andrew Davies, an ecologist in Harvard, says, “but the short answer is: we don’t know.” 18. For rainforest animals, bais are places for ________. A. fun and safety B. water and shelter C. food and connection D. shade and entertainment 19. What can we learn about Ngouma and Hockridge’s research? A. It discovered how bais formed. B It was the first to map the network of bais. C. It analyzed images of bais provided by local people. D. It concluded bais were spots intended for endangered species. 20. What does the underlined word “elusive” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Difficult to find. B. Simple to clarify. C. Possible to overestimate. D. Unlikely to question. 21. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Conservation Priorities in Rainforests B. Hidden Playgrounds Revealed in Rainforests C. Secrets of Rainforest Animals’ Social Networks D. Modern Tools Adopted for Rainforest Exploration 【答案】18. C 19. B 20. A 21. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍科学家借助无人机调查和人工智能处理，在刚果共和国雨林中发现众多神秘开阔空地“bais”，这些空地对大象、大猩猩等动物意义重大，研究团队还绘制出首张“bais”网络地图，但“bais”的形成原因仍有待探索。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Animals like elephants, gorillas visit these muddy areas, called bais... to search for vital nutrition and maintain their complex social networks.(像大象、大猩猩这样的动物会来到这些被称为bais的泥泞区域……寻找重要的营养物质，并维持它们复杂的社会网络)”可知，对于雨林动物来说，bais是获取食物（营养物质）和建立联系（维持社会网络）的地方。故选C项。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The researchers’ map of bais, the first of its kind, is also a map of conservation priorities.(研究人员绘制的bais地图，是此类地图中的首张，也是一张保护优先级地图)”可知，Ngouma和Hockridge的研究首次绘制出了bais网络地图。故选B项。 【20题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“The study is also a step toward solving the ultimate mystery: How did bais form? Many ecologists have argued that a combination of hydrology(水文学) and animal landscaping is at play. But definitive proof remains elusive.(这项研究也是朝着解开最终谜团迈出的一步：bais是如何形成的？许多生态学家认为水文学和动物景观的结合在起作用。但确凿的证据仍然elusive)”以及最后一段““We have hypotheses(假说),” Andrew Davies, an ecologist in Harvard, says, “but the short answer is: we don’t know.”(哈佛大学的生态学家安德鲁·戴维斯说：“我们有一些假设，但简短的答案是：我们不知道”)”可知，虽然有一些观点，但仍不确定bais的形成原因，所以确凿证据难以找到，“elusive”意思是“Difficult to find（难以找到）”故选A项。 【21题详解】 主旨大意题。主要介绍科学家借助无人机调查和人工智能处理，在刚果共和国雨林中发现众多神秘开阔空地“bais”，这些空地对大象、大猩猩等动物意义重大，研究团队还绘制出首张“bais”网络地图，但“bais”的形成原因仍有待探索。B选项“雨林中揭示的隐藏游乐场”，准确概括文章内容，为最佳标题。故选B项。 D Monday was the first day of Dartmouth’s spring term. So, as I often do at this time, I started teaching my course for non-science majors called “Understanding the Universe: From Atoms to the Big Bang”. This is what students like to call a “physics for poets” class — a class that explores the history of how humanity has faced some of the deepest questions we can ask about the material world and our place in it, without the math. It is a class that tries to capture the true spirit of the liberal-arts education, mixing the sciences and the humanities as different and complementary ways of knowing the world and why we matter. In fancier words, as an intellectual history of physics and astronomy (天文学), the class requires that scientific thinking be contextualized culturally, so that students can situate the ways in which some of the most revolutionary ideas in the past 2,000 years emerged when they did. Scientists, by training, have little exposure to the humanities. Given that a major in the sciences requires a lot of technical work, we spend precious little time dealing with what happened culturally and historically around the science we are trying to understand. This, I believe, is the reason why so many scientists in the public media condemn (谴责) the humanities as useless. As a consequence, many scientific ideas are presented as having addressed some of the deepest questions we have been asking, when they haven’t. Humanities students, on the other hand, are typically those who avoid the sciences or, at least, math. Their training is also technical, involving lots of reading and critical writing. You can often tell, when you teach this kind of class, who the scientists and the humanists are. All you have to do is write an equation (方程) on the blackboard and look at the class. Humanists will quickly look bored. The scientists will become lively. As you read from Aristotle’s Metaphysics, the opposite will happen. To bridge this gap is the challenge. The classroom is the ideal place for this conversation between the sciences and the humanities to unfold. By exposing students to the two sides of the cultural divide, we stand a chance of creating something that will actually close the gap. Scientists should recognize that some research topics — AI, biotechnology, climate change, life extension, nature, and many others — need to be investigated together with humanists as a joint effort. I finished the first class by reminding the students that not even the best teacher in the world can teach someone who doesn’t want to learn. After all, as Tom Stoppard reminded us in his brilliant play Arcadia, it is wanting to know that makes us matter — scientists and humanists alike. 22. What’s special about the author’s class? A. It guides students to explain revolutionary ideas. B. It appeals to arts students to switch to scientific thinking. C. It breaks the boundary between the sciences and the humanities. D. It挖s into the secrets of human’s position in the material world. 23. Which of the following would the author applaud? A. Mary, a history major, quit computer engineering for lack of interest. B. Mia, an art student, drew pictures of famous scientists for a science fair. C. Ben, teaching chemistry, guided his students to focus on technology work. D. David, studying physics, worked with a philosophy student for his project. 24. What message does the author intend to deliver to his students? A. University courses present challenges. B. The cultural divide deserves approval. C. The eagerness to learn is of significance. D. Prejudice towards the humanities is history. 【答案】22. C 23. D 24. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在达特茅斯春季学期首日，为非理科专业学生开设“理解宇宙：从原子到宇宙大爆炸”课程，该课程打破科学与人文界限，作者强调了求知欲的重要性，并倡导科学与人文领域学生的合作。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is a class that tries to capture the true spirit of the liberal - arts education, mixing the sciences and the humanities as different and complementary ways of knowing the world and why we matter.(这是一门试图捕捉文科教育真正精神的课程，将科学和人文作为认识世界以及理解我们为何重要的不同且互补的方式融合在一起)”可知，作者课程的特别之处在于打破了科学与人文之间的界限。故选C项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Scientists should recognize that some research topics—AI, biotechnology, climate change, life extension, nature, and many others—need to be investigated together with humanists as a joint effort.(科学家应该认识到，一些研究课题——人工智能、生物技术、气候变化、生命延长、自然等等——需要与人文领域学者共同努力进行研究)”可知，作者赞同科学与人文领域的合作。故选D项。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I finished the first class by reminding the students that not even the best teacher in the world can teach someone who doesn’t want to learn. After all, as Tom Stoppard reminded us in his brilliant play Arcadia, it is wanting to know that makes us matter—scientists and humanists alike.(我在第一堂课结束时提醒学生，即使是世界上最好的老师也教不会不想学习的人。毕竟，正如汤姆·斯托帕德在他精彩的戏剧《阿卡迪亚》中提醒我们的，是求知欲让我们变得重要——科学家和人文学者都是如此)”可知，作者想传达给学生的信息是求知欲很重要。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中共有两项为多余选项。 Forgiveness is something that many of us strive for, but it can often feel difficult to achieve. Over the years, we’ve heard countless people express the intention to forgive, only to struggle with the emotional roadblocks that prevent them from truly letting go. First, let’s define forgiveness. ____25____ It’s not about forgetting what happened or excusing harmful behavior. In fact, our minds tell us that if we stay angry, bitter, or distant, we’ll be safe from further hurt. ____26____ While holding onto memories and creating distance may offer temporary emotional safeguards, it often deepens our sadness, isolates us, and prevents us from healing. Forgiveness, on the other hand, is about choosing not to let that pain continue to define your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Forgiveness is essential because we’re all human, and we all make mistakes. If we want to cultivate meaningful relationships, there will unavoidably be times when we hurt one another. Forgiveness becomes crucial in maintaining those connections and our own peace of mind. ____27____ Forgiving yourself is especially important. Raising walls of bitterness or anger toward yourself is deeply damaging. When you hold on to shame or guilt, you create emotional barriers that prevent you from living fully and authentically. So, how do we forgive? While the journey is deeply personal and can vary from person to person, there are key steps that can help guide us. Acknowledge the hurt and pain exactly as it is. ____28____ This perspective allows us to see others (and ourselves) as imperfect humans doing the best they can with what they have. Extend sympathy to yourself and others. Choose to release bitterness and move forward in line with your values. ____29____ It’s an ongoing practice. But every time you choose forgiveness, you create space for love and healing to flow through your life. A. It is a continuous process. B. But we know that this isn’t true. C. Recognize that everyone has faults. D. Remember that forgiveness isn’t a one-time event. E. Forgiveness is the decision to release attachment to a painful past. F. You don’t have to communicate with the person who wronged you. G. In fact, we may need to forgive not only others but ourselves as well. 【答案】25. E 26. B 27. G 28. C 29. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了宽恕的定义、重要性以及实现宽恕的方法。 【25题详解】 根据小标题“First, let’s define forgiveness.(首先，让我们定义一下宽恕)”以及下文“It’s not about forgetting what happened or excusing harmful behavior.(它不是关于忘记发生的事情或原谅有害的行为)” 可知，选项与小标题呼应，给出宽恕的定义，引出后文对宽恕不是什么的阐述。E选项“宽恕是决定放下对痛苦过去的执着” 符合语境，故选E。 【26题详解】 根据上文“In fact, our minds tell us that if we stay angry, bitter, or distant, we’ll be safe from further hurt.(事实上，我们的思维告诉我们，如果我们保持愤怒、痛苦或疏远，我们就能免受进一步的伤害)” 以及下文 “While holding onto memories and creating distance may offer temporary emotional safeguards, it often deepens our sadness, isolates us, and prevents us from healing.(虽然执着于记忆和保持距离可能会提供暂时的情感保护，但它常常会加深我们的悲伤，使我们孤立，并阻碍我们治愈)” 可知，选项承上启下，对前文思维所认为的内容进行转折，引出后文这种方式实际带来的负面结果。B选项“但我们知道这不是真的” 符合语境，故选B。 【27题详解】 根据上文“Forgiveness becomes crucial in maintaining those connections and our own peace of mind.(宽恕在维持这些关系和我们自己的内心平静方面变得至关重要)” 及下文“Forgiving yourself is especially important.(宽恕自己尤其重要)” 可知，承上启下，引出后文关于宽恕自己的内容，说明宽恕不仅针对他人，自己也需要被宽恕。G选项“事实上，我们可能不仅需要宽恕他人，也需要宽恕自己” 符合语境，故选G。 【28题详解】 根据上文“Acknowledge the hurt and pain exactly as it is.(如实承认伤害和痛苦)” 及下文“This perspective allows us to see others (and ourselves) as imperfect humans doing the best they can with what they have.(这种视角能让我们把他人（和自己）看作不完美但尽力而为的人)” 可知，选项承上启下，引出后文关于把他人和自己看作不完美的人的内容，说明承认伤害后要认识到每个人都有缺点这一视角。C选项“认识到每个人都有缺点” 符合语境，故选C。 【29题详解】 根据下文“It’s an ongoing practice. But every time you choose forgiveness, you create space for love and healing to flow through your life.(这是一个持续的实践。但每次你选择宽恕，你都为生活中的爱和治愈创造了空间)” 可知，选项引出后文关于宽恕是持续实践的内容，强调宽恕的持续性。D选项“记住宽恕不是一次性事件” 符合语境，故选D。 第Ⅱ卷（共57分） Ⅰ.选词填空（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。 benefit, treat, logic, impress, motivate 30. The ________ performance of the athlete left everyone amazed. 31. He is a bright student, but he just lacks the ________ to learn new things. 32. Many patients are not getting the medical ________ they need. 33. Cycling is highly ________ to health and the environment. 34. Programming requires ________ thinking to gradually break big problems into smaller steps. 【答案】30. impressive 31. motivation 32. treatment##treatments 33. beneficial 34. logical 【解析】 【30题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这位运动员令人印象深刻的表现让所有人惊叹。“impress”为动词，此处需用其形容词形式“impressive（令人印象深刻的）”作定语修饰名词“performance（表现）”符合句意，故填impressive。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：他是个聪明的学生，但就是缺乏学习新事物的动力。“motivate”是动词，这里需要其名词形式“motivation（动力）”作“lacks（缺乏）”的宾语，符合句意，故填motivation。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：许多病人没有得到他们所需的医疗救治。“treat”是动词，此处应使用名词“treatment（治疗，救治）”作宾语，单复数均可，符合句意，故填treatment(s)。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：骑自行车对健康和环境非常有益。“benefit”常用作名词或动词，这里使用其形容词形式“beneficial（有益的）”，“be beneficial to”表示“对……有益”符合句意，故填beneficial。 【34题详解】 考查形容词。句意：编程需要逻辑思维，逐步将大问题分解为较小步骤。“logic”是名词，要用其形容词形式“logical（逻辑的）”作定语修饰名词“thinking（思维）”符合句意，故填logical。 Ⅱ.语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The World Health Day, ____35____ (celebrate) every year on April 7, is a global initiative started by the World Health Organization (WHO). The aim of the day is ____36____ (spread) awareness around key health issues and run campaigns and discussions around it. This year’s theme is “Healthy Beginning, Hopeful Futures”. The health of mothers and babies is the foundation of healthy ____37____ (family) and communities, helping ensure hopeful futures for us all. 【答案】35. celebrated 36. to spread 37. families 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界卫生日的相关信息，包括设立时间、发起组织、目的以及今年的主题，强调了母婴健康对家庭和社区健康的重要性。 【35题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：每年4月7日庆祝的世界卫生日，是世界卫生组织发起的一项全球性活动。The World Health Day与celebrate之间是被动关系，即“世界卫生日被庆祝”，所以用过去分词celebrated作后置定语，修饰The World Health Day。故填celebrated。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这一天的目的是传播对关键健康问题的认识，并围绕这些问题开展活动和进行讨论。“the aim is to do sth.”表示“目的是做某事”，此处用动词不定式to spread作表语。故填to spread。 【37题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：母亲和婴儿的健康是健康家庭和社区的基础，有助于确保我们所有人都有充满希望的未来。family为可数名词，根据and后的communities可知，此处也应用复数形式families作宾语，表示“多个家庭”。故填families。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A tortoise at the Philadelphia Zoo has become the oldest first-time mother of her species after ____38____ (have) her first babies at 100 years old. The tortoise, named Mommy, is a critically endangered species in their native home. There are ____39____ (few) than 50 kept in US zoos. Mommy arrived at the Zoo in 1932, meaning anyone that ____40____ (visit) the Zoo for the last 93 years has likely seen her. This is a significant milestone ____41____ the history of the Zoo. 【答案】38. having 39. fewer 40. has visited 41. in 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了费城动物园一只100岁的乌龟首次产下幼崽，成为该物种中最高龄的初产母亲的故事。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：费城动物园的一只乌龟在100岁时第一次产下幼崽，成为该物种中最高龄的初产母亲。设空处位于介词“after”后，需用动名词形式作宾语。故填having。 【39题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：在美国的动物园里，这种乌龟的数量不足50只。根据“than”可知此处需用比较级，few的比较级是fewer。故填fewer。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：这只乌龟于1932年来到动物园，意味着过去93年来任何参观动物园的人都可能见过它。根据时间状语“for the last 93 years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时，that指代anyone，作主语，谓语动词用单数，故填has visited。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：这是动物园历史上的一个重要里程碑。表示“在……历史中”需用介词in，构成固定短语in the history of…。故填in。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A Chinese automaker has created a battery ____42____ will enable electric vehicles (EVs) to charge almost as quickly as it takes to fill a regular car’s gas tank. The new battery, named the e platform, ____43____ (develop) last year by BYD, a Chinese firm that is overtaking Tesla as the world’s top seller of electric vehicles. BYD says it will install a network of 4,000 flash-charging stations across China. This technology is currently only available in China, and the company has yet to confirm ____44____ it will make it available internationally or not. 【答案】42. which## that 43. was developed 44. whether 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了中国汽车制造商比亚迪研发出一款能使电动汽车快速充电的电池e平台，该公司还将在中国建立4000个快充站，且这项技术目前仅在中国可用，公司尚未确定是否推向国际市场。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：一家中国汽车制造商研发出一种电池，它能使电动汽车的充电速度几乎和给普通汽车加油一样快。此空引导限制性定语从句，先行词为battery，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以可以用关系代词which或that引导该定语从句。故填which / that。 【43题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：这款名为e平台的新电池是去年由比亚迪公司研发的，比亚迪是一家中国公司，正超越特斯拉成为全球最大的电动汽车销售商。本句主语The new battery与develop之间是被动关系，即“电池被研发”，且时间状语为last year，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语为单数，所以用was developed。故填was developed。 【44题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：比亚迪表示，该公司尚未确认是否会将其推向国际市场。根据“or not”可知，此处为whether... or not结构，引导宾语从句，在句中作confirm的宾语，表示“是否”。故填whether。 Ⅲ.书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第60、61题各2分，第62题3分，第63题5分，共12分） 阅读下面的短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 We live in a world filled with distractions. Everywhere we look, we can find instant pleasures available for next-day delivery right to our homes. In a culture surrounded by messages saying that we can lose the discomfort right now, delayed gratification, which refers to the ability to wait for a long-term reward, is less attractive. But research shows it makes all the difference in achieving a more important and satisfying goal. Delayed gratification and instant gratification involve the timing and approach to achieving satisfaction or rewards. The former requires self-discipline and the ability to manage impulses, while the latter often involves giving in to immediate desires. An example of this could be when a young man chooses to resist the urge to splurge (挥霍) on luxury items and instead save money regularly and patiently to buy a house. The delayed gratification is the goal and satisfaction he would achieve from owning a dream home, rather than the instant delight of impulsive shopping. Delayed gratification has to do with one’s natural ability and environment and what one is taught. Learning to delay the impulse for immediate pleasure in favor of long-term satisfaction is a skill required for progressive and long-term growth. We can start by making small changes every day and staying consistent with those changes. Over time, these habits can accumulate and lead to big changes and results. Consistent reminders of why we want to reach our goals can also help. If we were all masters at delayed gratification, our environment would not be filled with “quick” solutions to everything under the sun. Our culture demands that successful humans rise above the constant distraction to self-motivate and delay personal gratification in favor of distant goals. However, a balance between our thirst for instant rewards and our desire to create longevity in our career, relationships, and health is difficult to achieve. Our entire lives require that we weigh the choices of “okay right now” vs. “bigger better later”. It takes a joint effort to override the environment to create our successful personal worlds. 45. What is delayed gratification? _______________________________________________________________________________ 46. What is the difference between delayed gratification and instant gratification? _______________________________________________________________________________ 47. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Delayed gratification is merely related to one’s environment, and it can contribute to one’s long-term development. _______________________________________________________________________________ 48. Please use an example to show how you would practice delayed gratification in your daily life. (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】45. Delayed gratification refers to the ability to wait for a long-term reward. 46. Delayed gratification requires self-discipline and the ability to manage impulses, while instant gratification often involves giving in to immediate desires. 47. Delayed gratification is merely related to one’s environment, and it can contribute to one’s long- term development. According to the passage, delayed gratification has to do with one’s natural ability and environment and what one is taught. 48. I have been longing for a new gaming console. Instead of buying it immediately, I save a fixed amount weekly to get it in a few months. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文，主要讲述了在充满诱惑和即时满足的世界中，延迟满足的概念、与即时满足的区别，以及延迟满足与个人能力、环境的关系，并强调了在生活中平衡即时奖励与长远目标的重要性。 【45题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“In a culture surrounded by messages saying that we can lose the discomfort right now, delayed gratification, which refers to the ability to wait for a long-term reward, is less attractive. (在这样一种文化氛围中，周围充斥着各种声称我们当下就能消除不适感的信息，而延迟满足 —— 即指等待长期回报的能力 —— 就没那么有吸引力了。)” 可知,延迟满足是指等待长期回报的能力。故填 Delayed gratification refers to the ability to wait for a long-term reward. 【46题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“The former requires self-discipline and the ability to manage impulses, while the latter often involves giving in to immediate desires. (前者需要自律和控制冲动的能力，而后者往往涉及屈服于即时欲望。)” 可知,Delayed gratification requires self-discipline and the ability to manage impulses, while instant gratification often involves giving in to immediate desires。故填 Delayed gratification requires self-discipline and the ability to manage impulses, while instant gratification often involves giving in to immediate desires. 【47题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段“Delayed gratification has to do with one’s natural ability and environment and what one is taught. (延迟满足与一个人的天赋能力、环境以及所受的教育有关。)” 可知，说延迟满足仅仅与环境有关是错误的。延迟满足与一个人的天赋能力、所处环境以及所接受的教育有关。故答案为Delayed gratification is merely related to one’s environment, and it can contribute to one’s long- term development. According to the passage, delayed gratification has to do with one’s natural ability and environment and what one is taught. 【48题详解】 开放性试题。我一直渴望一台新的游戏机。我没有立刻购买，而是每周存固定数额的钱，以便几个月后买到它。通过延迟立刻拥有游戏机的满足感，为了几个月后实现目标，体现延迟满足。故答案为I have been longing for a new gaming console. Instead of buying it immediately, I save a fixed amount weekly to get it in a few months. 第二节（20分） 49. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的外国好友Jim要给校报“AI and Teen Life”专栏投稿，他想重点介绍北京中学生的“智慧生活”，发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1.建议内容； 2.说明理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m thrilled to know you’re going to introduce Beijing students’ smart lifestyle! My suggestion is to focus on one key trend: AI-assisted learning. Nowadays, AI tools are revolutionizing how high school students like me study. They provide instant homework help, generate practice questions, and even analyze our mistakes to create personalized study plans. Many classmates use voice assistants to practice English speaking, making learning more interactive. I believe your article will definitely be relevant if you highlight AI-assisted learning in Beijing and how it is transforming education here. Truly this is cutting-edge technology that is relatable to teens worldwide! I hope my advice is helpful. Yours Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。考生的外国好友Jim要给校报“AI and Teen Life”专栏投稿，他想重点介绍北京中学生的“智慧生活”，发来邮件询问你的建议。请考生用英文给他回复。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 兴奋的：thrilled→excited 聚焦：focus on→concentrate on 革新：revolutionize→transform 相关的：relevant→pertinent 2.句式拓展： 句型转换 原句：They provide instant homework help, generate practice questions, and even analyze our mistakes to create personalized study plans. 拓展句：Not only do they offer instant homework help and generate practice questions, but they also analyze our mistakes in order to create personalized study plans. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I’m thrilled to know you’re going to introduce Beijing students’ smart lifestyle!（运用了 be + adj. + to do 结构，以及省略 that 的宾语从句 ） 【高分句型 2】I believe your article will definitely be relevant if you highlight AI-assisted learning in Beijing and how it is transforming education here.（运用了省略 that 的宾语从句 、 if 引导的条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 北京市西城区2024—2025学年度第二学期期末试卷 高二英语 2025.7 本试卷共14页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 第Ⅰ卷（共83分） Ⅰ.听力理解（共三节，30分） 第一节：（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分） 听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What will the man wear to the event? A. A suit. B. A jacket. C. A T-shirt. 2. How will the woman go to the shopping center today? A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus. 3. What is the man looking for? A. His locker. B. His book. C. His bag. 4. What is the woman’s favorite class now? A. Art. B. Math. C. Science. 第二节：（共6小题；每小题2分，共12分） 听下面三段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第5至第6小题。 5. What is the man? A. A cleaner. B. A secretary. C. A manager. 6. What will the woman probably do next? A. Go to work. B. Answer calls. C. Buy some coffee. 听下面一段对话，回答第7至第8小题。 7. How does Tom help Mary with her garden? A. He cuts the grass. B. He shapes the bushes. C. He plants new flowers. 8. What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Classmates. C. Neighbors. 听下面一段独白，回答第9至第10小题。 9. What will Jamie Cook’s lecture focus on? A. The features of science. B. The social impacts of AI. C. The possibility of life on other planets. 10. What is the speaker’s purpose in giving the talk? A. To welcome new students. B. To present various discoveries. C. To introduce upcoming events. 第三节：（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。 How to Survive in the Wild Find water · 11 a body of water. ·Dig for water if you can’t find it around. 12 a shelter ·Find a fallen tree or a big rock. ·Search for 13 branches and lay them against the tree or rock. 14 yourself from the elements ·Eat late. ·Cover yourself with dirt and 15 when you go to sleep. Ⅱ.完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 Firefighters should be quick thinkers. In an emergency, they should figure out the speediest and safest way to act, sometimes including improvising (临时拼凑) with the things ____1____. Fire chief Fennessy knows this well. He is now making headlines for ____2____ two homes with milk and beer during a fire in Altadena, California. Although Altadena was not in his charge Fennessy grew up there and still had family and friends there. Hearing the news of the fire, he tried to contact his brother. When he couldn’t ____3____ his brother, Fennessy decided to drive over to Altadena. On his way, he learned his brother’s family had been taken to safety, but since he had already made the ____4____, Fennessy figured he might as well take a look. When reaching the spot, Fennessy couldn’t believe his eyes at the sight of the ruins. “I haven’t seen anything like this where you drive for miles, and there’s massive ____5____,” Fennessy said. When he reached his brother’s street, his home and a neighbor’s house were still standing, but he ____6____ the flames were getting too close, as other nearby homes were already burning down. Even more worrisome, a gas meter on the neighbor’s house was melting (熔化), surrounded by fire. Thinking he had to ____7____ the gas meter, he looked for a hose (水龙带), but there was no water. Exploring his options, Fennessy ____8____ his entry through the front door of one of the homes and went into the kitchen looking for whatever he could use. “I ended up finding some milk and beer,” he explained. “To do nothing means the home’s going to be ____9____, and in this case, a little milk and beer really saved the day.” The two homes he saved are now the only two houses standing on the block. But Fennessy said he only did what he could as a trained firefighter and was getting a lot of ______10______ for what was luck in terms of timing and resources. “We’re fixers. We’re going to put our lives on the line,” Fennessy said. 1. A. at hand B. on time C. in order D. in mind 2. A. cleaning B. providing C. saving D. filling 3. A. persuade B. reach C. meet D. remind 4. A. day B. trip C. change D. appointment 5. A. access B. progress C. disturbance D. destruction 6. A. forgot B. wondered C. feared D. ignored 7. A. cool B. break C. operate D. remove 8. A. missed B. declared C. delayed D. forced 9. A. lost B. emptied C. moved D. restored 10. A. wisdom B. pride C. credit D. confidence Ⅲ.阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Odyssey of the Mind (OM) promotes creativity, problem solving, teamwork, and more. It is a creative problem-solving competition that gives kids the confidence to think for themselves and to create solutions to any challenge. Independent study, original ideas, and critical thinking skills are rewarded over getting the “one right answer” thanks to our unique open-ended problems that are backed by educators and experts in STE(A)M fields. Performance, art & cultural studies are also incorporated, creating a well-rounded program that has impacted lives for over 40 years. OM benefits all types of students as they learn to think outside the box. Participation ● Students work in teams of up to seven members and spend weeks or months working together and creating solutions to long-term problems. Every year, there are six long-term problems designed for them to choose from. ● Teams are formed by division and compete against teams in the same division and problem. Grade level determines the division for teams. ● In the competition, teams have eight minutes to present their long-term problem solution. They will be scored for how well they meet the requirements of the problem (Long-Term score) and for their creativity in categories specific to that problem (Style score). Cost Yearly memberships are required to participate in OM. Each membership supports one team per problem per division. ● Standard Membership $290: Individual schools/ Multiple schools sharing a principal. ● Additional Membership $190: Only for schools who enter two teams in the same problem and division in competition. Awards ● Ranatra Fusca Creativity Award: It represents the essence of OM. It is presented to teams or individuals who exhibit exceptional creativity, either through some aspect of their problem solution, or an extraordinary idea beyond the problem solution. ● OMER’s Award: It recognizes individuals or teams who demonstrate outstanding sportsmanship, excellent behavior, or exceptional talent. ● Odyssey of the Mind Creativity Award: It recognizes an individual and/ or organization for extraordinary creative achievement or exceptional effort. ● Odyssey of the Mind Spirit Award: It recognizes an individual involved in the program who demonstrates the encouragement and development of cooperation, self-respect, and the appreciation and understanding of others. 11. What does Odyssey of the Mind value most? A. Having innovative solutions. B. Getting the right answer. C Impacting others’ daily lives. D. Facing more challenges. 12. In Odyssey of the Mind, students will ________. A. work in groups of at least seven B. be scored from two different aspects C. address six problems at the same time D prepare their solutions within eight minutes 13. The participant with the strongest sense of teamwork is most likely to be awarded ________. A. OMER’s Award B. Ranatra Fusca Creativity Award C. Odyssey of the Mind Spirit Award D. Odyssey of the Mind Creativity Award B I’ve always been a daring risk taker. But when I was 15, my luck ran out. A horseback riding accident resulted in severe injuries, the death of my beloved horse Spooks, and the horrible news that I’d never ride again. I was set on proving the doctors wrong. Just a few months later, with my mother’s support, I rode sidesaddle and won my first jumping competition. The excitement was incredible. From then on, I committed my life to adventure, remembering my mother’s lesson: never say, “I can’t”. At 22, I read about an opening to be a motorcycle trick rider — I’d learned to ride a few years earlier. Still, it was 1976 and I knew they were unlikely to hire a woman. I thought about that as I signed my trick rider application, leaving off the honorific — Ms., hoping to hide the fact that I was a woman. But they never got back to me. I was heartbroken. Maybe the position had already been filled; maybe they’d discovered I was a woman. My friend Steve then proposed an idea that at first seemed crazy: learning to fly aeroplanes. “Flying is for men,” I laughed at the idea. But gradually, I realized the suggestion had stuck with me. Years ago, trial flights — brief introductory sessions with an instructor — cost just £5 for 15 minutes in the air. Steve and I both signed up, and after my first session, I couldn’t stop talking about flying. I got my license and headed for the US to work as a pilot. It wasn’t easy. Initially, people were doubtful about a woman working in the role, but I ended up outperforming my male colleagues. Twenty years later, I returned to England and started my own flying company. Now, I live a quieter life. I’ve settled in a village in Lincolnshire, spending much of my time volunteering in care homes. Last October, after nearly fifty years and countless adventures, I received a letter from a post office in Staines. It was my trick rider application. The post office apologized for the delay and explained it had been found stuck behind a drawer in the office — the company never received it. Looking back, I realized that even though I didn’t get that job, it led me to a series of adventures that shaped my life in unexpected and fulfilling ways. 14. What did winning the jumping competition bring to the writer? A. The faith in friendship. B. The acquisition of a new skill. C. The recognition of mother’s love. D. The determination to go adventuring. 15. How did the writer feel at first when Steve suggested learning to fly? A. Curious. B. Inspired. C. Desperate. D. Doubtful. 16. Why did the writer fail to receive any reply about the trick ride position? A. Because she forgot to sign the application. B. Because her application was not delivered. C. Because women were unfit for the position. D. Because the position had already been filled. 17. What can we learn from this passage? A. Smart plans make big dreams. B. The best journeys are not mapped. C. Doubt kills more goals than failure. D. Strong women create strong societies. C Elephants and gorillas in the Republic of the Congo’s rainforests spend a lot of time hiding in the shadows — or so we thought. Using drone (无人机) surveys and AI processing, scientists have discovered an extensive network of mysterious open clearings among the trees. Animals like elephants, gorillas visit these muddy areas, called bais, in the languages of the Indigenous Ba’Aka, to search for vital nutrition and maintain their complex social networks. The numerous playgrounds are visible in satellite images, and AI analysis is helping researchers find them more effectively. The discovery began in 2021 when Sylvain Ngouma and Evan Hockridge came upon a massive clearing during fieldwork in Odzala-Kokoua National Park and found a trail (踪迹) of wet, pot-sized footprints leading through the woods to the open roundabout. Hockridge, who had thought bais were abnormal, says, “I had it backward. It kind of hit me when I was there. You can’t understand animal interactions without first understanding bais.” For the next three summers, the team investigated the clearings. They analyzed camera-trap images, confirming what local people had told them — that these natural clearings are crucial gathering grounds for some of the world’s most endangered mammals. The bais, they realized, are big melting pots, big playgrounds, for a collection of forest animals. During the initial surveys, the team followed elephant trails to move through the rainforest from bai to bai. This process led Hockridge to wonder about a network. Although previous studies documented animal behavior in selected bais, no one had counted them or had the means to map their distribution. The team partnered with African Parks, using drones to scan known sites. They trained an AI algorithm (算法) to identify bais in satellite imagery, revealing 2,176 clearings in one park — 10 times more than previously recorded. Bais are always near rivers or streams. Most are smaller than a city block, but few, at more than 100 acres, are bigger than some college campuses. “Bais are ultimately islands of resources, and animals produce these networks of trails to essentially navigate to and from a network of bais,” Hockridge says. The researchers’ map of bais, the first of its kind, is also a map of conservation priorities. “We find that a huge portion of the animal community depends on this unique ecosystem. These species don’t have alternative habitats other than bais,” Hockridge says. The study is also a step toward solving the ultimate mystery: How did bais form? Many ecologists have argued that a combination of hydrology (水文学) and animal landscaping is at play. But definitive proof remains elusive. Now, with a map in hand and camera traps still in place, the research team is tracking long-term changes, which have implications for the maintenance of these crucial animal habitats. “We have hypotheses (假说),” Andrew Davies, an ecologist in Harvard, says, “but the short answer is: we don’t know.” 18. For rainforest animals, bais are places for ________. A. fun and safety B. water and shelter C. food and connection D. shade and entertainment 19. What can we learn about Ngouma and Hockridge’s research? A. It discovered how bais formed. B. It was the first to map the network of bais. C. It analyzed images of bais provided by local people. D. It concluded bais were spots intended for endangered species. 20. What does the underlined word “elusive” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Difficult to find. B. Simple to clarify. C. Possible to overestimate. D. Unlikely to question. 21. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Conservation Priorities in Rainforests B. Hidden Playgrounds Revealed in Rainforests C. Secrets of Rainforest Animals’ Social Networks D. Modern Tools Adopted for Rainforest Exploration D Monday was the first day of Dartmouth’s spring term. So, as I often do at this time, I started teaching my course for non-science majors called “Understanding the Universe: From Atoms to the Big Bang”. This is what students like to call a “physics for poets” class — a class that explores the history of how humanity has faced some of the deepest questions we can ask about the material world and our place in it, without the math. It is a class that tries to capture the true spirit of the liberal-arts education, mixing the sciences and the humanities as different and complementary ways of knowing the world and why we matter. In fancier words, as an intellectual history of physics and astronomy (天文学), the class requires that scientific thinking be contextualized culturally, so that students can situate the ways in which some of the most revolutionary ideas in the past 2,000 years emerged when they did. Scientists, by training, have little exposure to the humanities. Given that a major in the sciences requires a lot of technical work, we spend precious little time dealing with what happened culturally and historically around the science we are trying to understand. This, I believe, is the reason why so many scientists in the public media condemn (谴责) the humanities as useless. As a consequence, many scientific ideas are presented as having addressed some of the deepest questions we have been asking, when they haven’t. Humanities students on the other hand, are typically those who avoid the sciences or, at least, math. Their training is also technical, involving lots of reading and critical writing. You can often tell, when you teach this kind of class, who the scientists and the humanists are. All you have to do is write an equation (方程) on the blackboard and look at the class. Humanists will quickly look bored. The scientists will become lively. As you read from Aristotle’s Metaphysics, the opposite will happen. To bridge this gap is the challenge. The classroom is the ideal place for this conversation between the sciences and the humanities to unfold. By exposing students to the two sides of the cultural divide, we stand a chance of creating something that will actually close the gap. Scientists should recognize that some research topics — AI, biotechnology, climate change, life extension, nature, and many others — need to be investigated together with humanists as a joint effort. I finished the first class by reminding the students that not even the best teacher in the world can teach someone who doesn’t want to learn. After all, as Tom Stoppard reminded us in his brilliant play Arcadia, it is wanting to know that makes us matter — scientists and humanists alike. 22. What’s special about the author’s class? A. It guides students to explain revolutionary ideas. B. It appeals to arts students to switch to scientific thinking. C. It breaks the boundary between the sciences and the humanities. D. It挖s into the secrets of human’s position in the material world. 23. Which of the following would the author applaud? A. Mary, a history major, quit computer engineering for lack of interest. B. Mia, an art student, drew pictures of famous scientists for a science fair. C. Ben, teaching chemistry, guided his students to focus on technology work. D. David, studying physics, worked with a philosophy student for his project. 24. What message does the author intend to deliver to his students? A. University courses present challenges. B. The cultural divide deserves approval. C. The eagerness to learn is of significance. D. Prejudice towards the humanities is history. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中共有两项为多余选项。 Forgiveness is something that many of us strive for, but it can often feel difficult to achieve. Over the years, we’ve heard countless people express the intention to forgive, only to struggle with the emotional roadblocks that prevent them from truly letting go. First, let’s define forgiveness. ____25____ It’s not about forgetting what happened or excusing harmful behavior. In fact, our minds tell us that if we stay angry, bitter, or distant, we’ll be safe from further hurt. ____26____ While holding onto memories and creating distance may offer temporary emotional safeguards, it often deepens our sadness, isolates us, and prevents us from healing. Forgiveness, on the other hand, is about choosing not to let that pain continue to define your thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Forgiveness is essential because we’re all human, and we all make mistakes. If we want to cultivate meaningful relationships, there will unavoidably be times when we hurt one another. Forgiveness becomes crucial in maintaining those connections and our own peace of mind. ____27____ Forgiving yourself is especially important. Raising walls of bitterness or anger toward yourself is deeply damaging. When you hold on to shame or guilt, you create emotional barriers that prevent you from living fully and authentically. So, how do we forgive? While the journey is deeply personal and can vary from person to person, there are key steps that can help guide us. Acknowledge the hurt and pain exactly as it is. ____28____ This perspective allows us to see others (and ourselves) as imperfect humans doing the best they can with what they have. Extend sympathy to yourself and others. Choose to release bitterness and move forward in line with your values. ____29____ It’s an ongoing practice. But every time you choose forgiveness, you create space for love and healing to flow through your life. A. It is a continuous process. B. But we know that this isn’t true. C. Recognize that everyone has faults. D. Remember that forgiveness isn’t a one-time event. E. Forgiveness is the decision to release attachment to a painful past. F. You don’t have to communicate with the person who wronged you. G. In fact, we may need to forgive not only others but ourselves as well. 第Ⅱ卷（共57分） Ⅰ.选词填空（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。 benefit, treat, logic, impress, motivate 30. The ________ performance of the athlete left everyone amazed. 31. He is a bright student, but he just lacks the ________ to learn new things. 32. Many patients are not getting the medical ________ they need. 33. Cycling is highly ________ to health and the environment. 34. Programming requires ________ thinking to gradually break big problems into smaller steps. Ⅱ.语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The World Health Day, ____35____ (celebrate) every year on April 7, is a global initiative started by the World Health Organization (WHO). The aim of the day is ____36____ (spread) awareness around key health issues and run campaigns and discussions around it. This year’s theme is “Healthy Beginning, Hopeful Futures”. The health of mothers and babies is the foundation of healthy ____37____ (family) and communities, helping ensure hopeful futures for us all. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A tortoise at the Philadelphia Zoo has become the oldest first-time mother of her species after ____38____ (have) her first babies at 100 years old. The tortoise, named Mommy, is a critically endangered species in their native home. There are ____39____ (few) than 50 kept in US zoos. Mommy arrived at the Zoo in 1932, meaning anyone that ____40____ (visit) the Zoo for the last 93 years has likely seen her. This is a significant milestone ____41____ the history of the Zoo. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A Chinese automaker has created a battery ____42____ will enable electric vehicles (EVs) to charge almost as quickly as it takes to fill a regular car’s gas tank. The new battery named the e platform, ____43____ (develop) last year by BYD, a Chinese firm that is overtaking Tesla as the world’s top seller of electric vehicles. BYD says it will install a network of 4,000 flash-charging stations across China. This technology is currently only available in China, and the company has yet to confirm ____44____ it will make it available internationally or not. Ⅲ.书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第60、61题各2分，第62题3分，第63题5分，共12分） 阅读下面的短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 We live in a world filled with distractions. Everywhere we look, we can find instant pleasures available for next-day delivery right to our homes. In a culture surrounded by messages saying that we can lose the discomfort right now, delayed gratification, which refers to the ability to wait for a long-term reward, is less attractive. But research shows it makes all the difference in achieving a more important and satisfying goal. Delayed gratification and instant gratification involve the timing and approach to achieving satisfaction or rewards. The former requires self-discipline and the ability to manage impulses, while the latter often involves giving in to immediate desires. An example of this could be when a young man chooses to resist the urge to splurge (挥霍) on luxury items and instead save money regularly and patiently to buy a house. The delayed gratification is the goal and satisfaction he would achieve from owning a dream home, rather than the instant delight of impulsive shopping. Delayed gratification has to do with one’s natural ability and environment and what one is taught. Learning to delay the impulse for immediate pleasure in favor of long-term satisfaction is a skill required for progressive and long-term growth. We can start by making small changes every day and staying consistent with those changes. Over time, these habits can accumulate and lead to big changes and results. Consistent reminders of why we want to reach our goals can also help. If we were all masters at delayed gratification, our environment would not be filled with “quick” solutions to everything under the sun. Our culture demands that successful humans rise above the constant distraction to self-motivate and delay personal gratification in favor of distant goals. However, a balance between our thirst for instant rewards and our desire to create longevity in our career, relationships, and health is difficult to achieve. Our entire lives require that we weigh the choices of “okay right now” vs. “bigger better later”. It takes a joint effort to override the environment to create our successful personal worlds. 45. What is delayed gratification? _______________________________________________________________________________ 46. What is the difference between delayed gratification and instant gratification? _______________________________________________________________________________ 47. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Delayed gratification is merely related to one’s environment, and it can contribute to one’s long-term development. _______________________________________________________________________________ 48. Please use an example to show how you would practice delayed gratification in your daily life. (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 49. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的外国好友Jim要给校报“AI and Teen Life”专栏投稿，他想重点介绍北京中学生的“智慧生活”，发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1.建议内容； 2.说明理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$