高中英语语法倒装句学案-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

倒装句学案（Inversion） 英语句子的结构一般是“主语 + 谓语”，语法上称这种语序为自然语序。但有时由于出于语法结构的需要或修辞的需要，常把谓语的一部分或全部倒转过来，这种语序就是倒装语序。英语的倒装分为部分倒装和完全倒装。 一 . 全部倒装 　 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1） here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如： 1.Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。 2.Here is your letter. 你的信。 3.There goes the bell. 铃响了。 2） out, in, up, down, away等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语(多为介词短语)置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。例如： 4.Away went the boy. 男孩离开了。 5. Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。 6. Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。 7. Around the lake are some tall trees. 湖的四周有些高树。 　注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如 9.In he came and the lesson began. 他进来了，开始上课了。 10. Away they went. 他们走开了。 3）由引导词there引起的句子，there be ( stand, lie, live, rise, fly, … …) 11. There lived a man named John. 有一个叫约翰的人。 12.There used to be a church here. 这儿曾经有一座教堂。 13.There ought to be no problem. 应该没有问题。 4）将表语置于句首加以强调时，其后通常用倒装语序。如： 14. Such was Einstein , a great man. 这就是爱因斯坦，一个伟大的人。 15. Among them was my friend Jim. 他们当中就有我的朋友吉姆。 注：在表语置于句首的倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。 练一练： ①. In front of our house ____ with a history of 1000 years. A. does a tall tree stand B. stands a tall tree. C. a tall tree is standing D. a tall tree stands ②. At the foot of the mountain ____________. A. a village lies B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village 二 . 部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词或系动词倒装至主语之前。 I was moved → was I moved he is allowed →________________ he moved → did he move he allowed →________________ he moves → does he move he allows →________________ he has moved → has he moved I have allowed →________________ he had moved → had he moved I had allowed →________________ he will go → will he go I can finish → _______________  1. 含否定意义的词(如 never, hardly, seldom, little, few, not until, not, not only, no sooner, no longer, nowhere, by no means, in no way 等)置于句首时，其后用部分倒装。如： 17.Not only did he come, but also he brought us good news. 他不但来了，而且给我们带来了好消息。 18.I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。 19.He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。 20.She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。 21.He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。 22.We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。 【注意】 (1) 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序： He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 (2) 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装： On no account must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。 但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序： In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。 练一练： ①. I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _____ with my progress. A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfied C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied ②. Not a single mistake ____ in the dictation yesterday. A. did he make B. made by him C. he made D. he had made ③.Not only __ a promise, but also kept it. A. had he made B. he had made C. did he make D. he makes ④.I finally got the job. Never in all life___ so happy. A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt ⑤.Why can't I smoke here?At no time___ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted　　 B. smoking is permitted ⑥. No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game beganB. has the game begun C. did the game begin　D. had the game begun   2. only 加状语(副词 / 介词短语 / 从句)放在句首时，其后用部分倒装。如： 23.Only in this way can you do it well. 只有这样你才能做好。 24.Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。 25.Only in the morning can you meet him. 你只有在早晨见到他。 注意： (1) Only + 名词做主语时，不可倒装。如： Only Li Lei can answer this question. 只有李雷能回答这个问题。 练一练： ①.Only then ____ how much damage had been caused. A. had she realized B. she realized C. did she realize D. she had realized ②. Only in this way ____ do it well. A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can 3. so / neither / nor 表示前面所说的情况也（不）适合于后者时，半倒装。如： 26.—Mr. Li has gone to America. 李先生去美国了。 —So has Mrs. Li. 李夫人也去美国了。 27.He can sing English songs and so can I. 他会唱英语歌，我也会。 28.He didn’t see the film, and neither did I. 他没有看这部电影，我也没有看。 注意：若翻译成“的确如此”，不能倒装。如： 29.—Li Lei is good at his lessons. 李蕾的功课学得好。 —So he is. 他的确学得好。 30."It was cold yesterday." "So it was." “昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。” 练一练 1. ---Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? ---I don’t know, _______. A. nor don’t I care B. nor do I care C. I don’t care neither D. I don’t care also 2. --I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible.--______! 1. Nor I am B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I 3. --I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot. -- _____. A. So do I B. Neither do I C. So I have D. So it is with me.   4. 当虚拟条件句含有 were, should, had 时，可省略 if，将 were, should, had 置于句首。如： 31.Were I Tom(=If I were Tom), I would refuse. 如果我是汤姆，我就会拒绝。 32.Had I realized that(=If I had realized that), I would have done something. 我要是明白了这一点，我可能会采取某种行动。 33.Should you require anything give me a ring. 如果需要什么，可以给我打电话。 34.Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless. 要不是你帮助，我会仍然无家可归。 练一练： _______five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off. A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive 5. so...that 结构中，将 so+adj. / adv. 置于句首时，其后要用倒装语序，that后不变。 such…that…结构, 将 such +n. 置于句首，其后半倒装，that后不变。如： 35.So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。 36.So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。 37.Such a good girl is she that we all like her. 她是一个如此好的女孩，我们大家都喜欢她。 38.Such a moving film was it that we were lost in thought.电影太感人了，我们都陷入了沉思。 练一练： ①.So difficult ____ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. A.I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found ②. ____ homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest. A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So little 6. 表示祝愿的句子的倒装 39.May you succeed! 祝你成功！ 40.May you have a good journey. 祝你旅途愉快。    7. as / though引导让步状语从句时，一般须用部分倒装。如： （1）名词+as / though+主语+动词 41.Child as he is, he knows to help others. 他虽是个孩子，但却知道帮助别人。 42.Teacher though he is, he can’t know everything. 他虽然是老师，但也不可能什么都懂。 【说明】要特别注意位于句首的名词前不用冠词，即使其前有形容词修饰也不用冠词。比较： 43.Boy as \though he is, he likes to play with girls. (=Though \Although he is a boy, he likes to play with girls.) 他虽是男孩，却喜欢与女孩子玩。 （2）形容词+as / though+主语+动词 45.Successful as he is, he is not proud. 他虽然成功，但不骄傲。 46.Beautiful though the necklace was，we thought it was over-priced. 那条项链虽然很漂亮，我们认为价钱太高。 （3）副词+as / though+主语+动词 47.Much as I like Paris, I couldn’t live there. 尽管我喜欢巴黎，但我不能住在那里。 48.Hard though they tried, they couldn’t make her change her mind. 尽管他们做了很大努力，却没法让她改变主意。  （4）动词原形+as / though+主语+动词 49.Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem. 尽管他想方设法，却未解决这个问题。 50.Dislike him as we may, we must acknowledge his greatness. 尽管我们不喜欢他，但必须承认他的伟大。 （5）分词+as / though+主语+动词 52.Raining hard as it is, I’m going out for a walk. 虽然正在下着大雨，我还是要出去散步。 53.Surrounded as we were by the enemy, we managed to march forward. 虽然我们被敌人包围着，但我们还是设法前进了。 【补充说明】although引导让步状语从句时不能倒装，as引导让步状语从句时必须倒装，而though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装也可以不倒装。 改写练习： As I like you much, I will never marry you . _________________________________________________________________________ As she might try, she could not pass the exam. _________________________________________________________________________ As he was surrounded by the enemy, he was not afraid. _________________________________________________________________________ 练一练： _______, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strange C. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound 三、倒装句在写作中的应用----翻译以下句子 I. 应用文 1、 我对这个活动是如此地感兴趣,以至于我写信来咨询你一些相关信息。 2、 这个机会是如此的珍贵，以至于你不能错过。 3、 只有阅读，我才能获得更多的知识并且扩大我们的视野。 4、我不仅很了解中国传统绘画，而且我致力于传播中国文化。 5、尽管我只是一个学生，我还是要尽力平衡学习和社交生活。 6、 尽管我们疲惫不堪，但我们觉得我们的时间和努力是值得的。 II. 读后续写 1. 雪如此厚，以至于连他们的声音都被压制了。   2. 他们刚挖了几英寸，就发现了生命的迹象——冰下微弱的呼吸声。   3. 森林的一角躺着一张破损的地图，是孩子可能去向的线索。    4. 那一天，父母从未感受过如此复杂的恐惧和希望交织的情感。    5. 骑手如此疲惫，以至于连缰绳都几乎抓不稳了。    6. 远处的天空中升起了一缕（a column of）烟雾，这是他们获救的希望。    7. 尽管道路危险，但他们还是坚持完成了最后一段旅程。 8. 直到太阳完全落山后，他们才意识到迷失了方向。   9. 她从未如此清楚地感受到自己的力量，直到那一刻为止。    10. 无论如何，她都不会放弃寻找自己的宠物狗。 11. 朋友如此愤怒，以至于甚至不愿意听他的解释。    12.她刚要开口说话，突然门外传来了一个急促的敲门声。 倒装句学案（Inversion）答案 英语句子的结构一般是“主语 + 谓语”，语法上称这种语序为自然语序。但有时由于出于语法结构的需要或修辞的需要，常把谓语的一部分或全部倒转过来，这种语序就是倒装语序。英语的倒装分为部分倒装和完全倒装。 一 . 全部倒装 　 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1） here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如： 1.Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。 2.Here is your letter. 你的信。 3.There goes the bell. 铃响了。 2） out, in, up, down, away等表示运动方向的副词或地点状语(多为介词短语)置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。例如： 4.Away went the boy. 男孩离开了。 5. Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。 6. Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。 7. Around the lake are some tall trees. 湖的四周有些高树。 　注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。例如 9.In he came and the lesson began. 他进来了，开始上课了。 10. Away they went. 他们走开了。 3）由引导词there引起的句子，there be ( stand, lie, live, rise, fly, … …) 11. There lived a man named John. 有一个叫约翰的人。 12.There used to be a church here. 这儿曾经有一座教堂。 13.There ought to be no problem. 应该没有问题。 4）将表语置于句首加以强调时，其后通常用倒装语序。如： 14. Such was Einstein , a great man. 这就是爱因斯坦，一个伟大的人。 15. Among them was my friend Jim. 他们当中就有我的朋友吉姆。 注：在表语置于句首的倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。 练一练： 1. In front of our house ____ with a history of 1000 years. A. does a tall tree stand B. stands a tall tree C. a tall tree is standing D. a tall tree stands 2. At the foot of the mountain ____________. A. a village lies B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village 二 . 部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词或系动词倒装至主语之前。 I was moved → was I moved he is allowed →____is he allowed___ he moved → did he move he allowed →___did he allow__ he moves → does he move he allows →___does he allow__ he has moved → has he moved I have allowed →__have I allowed__ he had moved → had he moved I had allowed →___had I allowed__ he will go → will he go I can finish → _can I finish_  1. 含否定意义的词(如 never, hardly, seldom, little, few, not until, not, not only, no sooner, no longer, nowhere, by no means, in no way 等)置于句首时，其后用部分倒装。如： 17.Not only did he come, but also he brought us good news. 他不但来了，而且给我们带来了好消息。 18.I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。 19.He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。 20.She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。 21.He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。 22.We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。 【注意】 (1) 对于not…until句型，当not until…位于句首时，其后的主句要用倒装语序： He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 (2) 某些起副词作用的介词短语，由于含有否定词，若位于句首，其后要用部分倒装： On no account must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。 但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序： In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。 练一练： 1. I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _____ with my progress. A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfied C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied 2. Not a single mistake ____ in the dictation yesterday. A. did he make B. made by him C. he made D. he had made 3.Not only __ a promise, but also kept it. A. had he made B. he had made C. did he make D. he makes 4.I finally got the job. Never in all life___ so happy. A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt 5.Why can't I smoke here?At no time___ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted　　 B. smoking is permitted 6. No sooner___ than it began to rain heavily. A. the game beganB. has the game begun C. did the game begin　D. had the game begun   2. only 加状语(副词 / 介词短语 / 从句)放在句首时，其后用部分倒装。如： 23.Only in this way can you do it well. 只有这样你才能做好。 24.Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。 25.Only in the morning can you meet him. 你只有在早晨见到他。 注意： (1) Only + 名词做主语时，不可倒装。如： Only Li Lei can answer this question. 只有李雷能回答这个问题。 练一练： 1.Only then ____ how much damage had been caused. A. had she realized B. she realized C. did she realize D. she had realized 2. Only in this way ____ do it well. A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can 3. so / neither / nor 表示前面所说的情况也（不）适合于后者时，半倒装。如： 26.—Mr. Li has gone to America. 李先生去美国了。 —So has Mrs. Li. 李夫人也去美国了。 27.He can sing English songs and so can I. 他会唱英语歌，我也会。 28.He didn’t see the film, and neither did I. 他没有看这部电影，我也没有看。 注意：若翻译成“的确如此”，不能倒装。如： 29.—Li Lei is good at his lessons. 李蕾的功课学得好。 —So he is. 他的确学得好。 30."It was cold yesterday." "So it was." “昨天很冷。”“的确很冷。” 练一练 1. ---Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? ---I don’t know, _______. A. nor don’t I care B. nor do I care C. I don’t care neither D. I don’t care also 2. --I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible.--______! A. Nor I am B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I D. does, do 3、--I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot. -- _____. A. So do I B. Neither do I C. So I have D. So it is with me.   4. 当虚拟条件句含有 were, should, had 时，可省略 if，将 were, should, had 置于句首。如： 31.Were I Tom(=If I were Tom), I would refuse. 如果我是汤姆，我就会拒绝。 32.Had I realized that(=If I had realized that), I would have done something. 我要是明白了这一点，我可能会采取某种行动。 33.Should you require anything give me a ring. 如果需要什么，可以给我打电话。 34.Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless. 要不是你帮助，我会仍然无家可归。 练一练： _______five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off. A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive 5. so...that 结构中，将 so+adj. / adv. 置于句首时，其后要用倒装语序，that后不变。 such…that…结构, 将 such +n. 置于句首，其后半倒装，that后不变。如： 35.So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷，我们只好呆在家里。 36.So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快，我们几乎没法想像它的速度。 37.Such a good girl is she that we all like her. 她是一个如此好的女孩，我们大家都喜欢她。 38.Such a moving film was it that we were lost in thought.电影太感人了，我们都陷入了沉思。 练一练： 1.So difficult ____ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. A.I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found 2. ____ homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest. A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So little 6. 表示祝愿的句子的倒装 39.May you succeed! 祝你成功！ 40.May you have a good journey. 祝你旅途愉快。    7. as / though引导让步状语从句时，一般须用部分倒装。如： （1）名词+as / though+主语+动词 41.Child as he is, he knows to help others. 他虽是个孩子，但却知道帮助别人。 42.Teacher though he is, he can’t know everything. 他虽然是老师，但也不可能什么都懂。 【说明】要特别注意位于句首的名词前不用冠词，即使其前有形容词修饰也不用冠词。比较： 43.Boy as \though he is, he likes to play with girls. (=Though \Although he is a boy, he likes to play with girls.) 他虽是男孩，却喜欢与女孩子玩。 （2）形容词+as / though+主语+动词 45.Successful as he is, he is not proud. 他虽然成功，但不骄傲。 46.Beautiful though the necklace was，we thought it was over-priced. 那条项链虽然很漂亮，我们认为价钱太高。 （3）副词+as / though+主语+动词 47.Much as I like Paris, I couldn’t live there. 尽管我喜欢巴黎，但我不能住在那里。 48.Hard though they tried, they couldn’t make her change her mind. 尽管他们做了很大努力，却没法让她改变主意。  （4）动词原形+as / though+主语+动词 49.Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem. 尽管他想方设法，却未解决这个问题。 50.Dislike him as we may, we must acknowledge his greatness. 尽管我们不喜欢他，但必须承认他的伟大。 （5）分词+as / though+主语+动词 52.Raining hard as it is, I’m going out for a walk. 虽然正在下着大雨，我还是要出去散步。 53.Surrounded as we were by the enemy, we managed to march forward. 虽然我们被敌人包围着，但我们还是设法前进了。 【补充说明】although引导让步状语从句时不能倒装，as引导让步状语从句时必须倒装，而though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装也可以不倒装。 改写练习： As I like you much, I will never marry you . × __Much as/though I like you , I will never marry you ._______ As she might try, she could not pass the exam. × __Try as /though she might, she could not pass the exam._________________ As he was surrounded by the enemy, he was not afraid. × ___Surrounded as/though he was by the enemy, he was not afraid._________________ 练一练： _______, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting. A. Strange as might it sound B. As it might sound strange C. As strange it might sound D. Strange as it might sound 三、倒装句在写作中的应用----翻译以下句子 I. 应用文 1、 我对这个活动是如此地感兴趣,以至于我写信来咨询你一些相关信息。 So interested in the activity am I that I am writing to inquire some relevant information. 2、 这个机会是如此的珍贵，以至于你不能错过。 So prectious is this opportunity that you cannot miss it. 3、 只有阅读，我才能获得更多的知识并且扩大我们的视野。 Only by reading widely can we gain more knowledge and broaden our horizons. 4、我不仅很了解中国传统绘画，而且我致力于传播中国文化。 Not only do I have a good knowledge of Chinese traditional painting, but also I'm devoted to spreading Chinese culture. 5、尽管我只是一个学生，我还是要尽力平衡学习和社交生活。 Student as I am, I will manage to keep balance between studies and social life. 6、尽管我们疲惫不堪，但我们觉得我们的时间和努力是值得的。 Exhausted as we were, we felt our time and effort worthwhile. II. 读后续写 1. 雪如此厚，以至于连他们的声音都被压制了。   2. 他们刚挖了几英寸，就发现了生命的迹象——冰下微弱的呼吸声。   3. 森林的一角躺着一张破损的地图，是孩子可能去向的线索。    4. 那一天，父母从未感受过如此复杂的恐惧和希望交织的情感。    5. 骑手如此疲惫，以至于连缰绳都几乎抓不稳了。    6. 远处的天空中升起了一缕（a column of）烟雾，这是他们获救的希望。    7. 尽管道路危险，但他们还是坚持完成了最后一段旅程。 8. 直到太阳完全落山后，他们才意识到迷失了方向。   9. 她从未如此清楚地感受到自己的力量，直到那一刻为止。    10. 无论如何，她都不会放弃寻找自己的宠物狗。 11. 朋友如此愤怒，以至于甚至不愿意听他的解释。    12. 她刚要开口说话，突然门外传来了一个急促的敲门声。 答案 1. So thick was the snow that even their voices were muffled. 2. Hardly had they dug a few inches when they found the first sign of life—a faint breath under the ice. 3. In the corner of the forest lay a torn map, a clue to where the child might be.   4. Never had the parents felt such a mix of fear and hope as they did that day. 5. So exhausted was the rider that he could barely hold onto the reins. 6. In the distance rose a thin column of smoke, their hope of rescue. 7. Dangerous though the road was, they pressed on to complete the final stretch. 8. Not until the sun had fully set did they realize they were lost. 9. Never had she felt her strength so clearly as she did at that moment. 10. Under no circumstances would she give up on searching for her pet dog. 11. So furious was the friend that he refused to listen to any explanation. 12. No sooner had she opened her mouth to speak than a hurried knock came at the door. 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$