河南省方城县第一高级中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期末模拟英语试题

方城一高 高一英语第五次模拟参考答案 第一部分 听力 （录音原稿见P7、8） 1-5 CABCA 6-10 ACBBA 11-15 BACAC 16-20 BBCAB 第二部分 阅读 第一节 A篇 21. A 22. D 23. D 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是几种不同音乐风格的历史、特点以及它们对现代音乐的影响。 【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Blues部分的“In many ways, blues remains an important element in many of today’s popular tunes.(在许多方面，蓝调仍然是当今许多流行曲调的重要元素。)”可知，在今天的流行曲调中，蓝调仍然是至关重要的一部分。故选A。 【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Rock’n’roll and rock部分的“Chuck Berry and Elvis Presley were the big names in rock’n’roll and the Beatles in England took the music and made their own sounds from it.(Chuck Berry和Elvis Presley是摇滚界的大明星，而英国的Beatles乐队则将这种音乐发扬并创造出自己的声音。)”可知，Elvis Presley以摇滚乐闻名。故选D。 【23题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“If there is one thing the history of popular music has shown, it is that good musicians will always create new music from the different styles they hear.(如果流行音乐的历史表明了一件事，那就是好的音乐家总是会从他们听到的不同风格中创造新的音乐。)”可知，优秀音乐家的新音乐可以在流行音乐史上占有一席之地。故选D。 B篇 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Chris Green如何通过一项独特的挑战——在60天内只吃土豆——来引起公众对土豆作为健康食物的关注。 24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Many parents and others are upset that a salty, deep-fried food is replacing healthier options like carrot sticks. As a result, the potato—what French fries are made of—has been getting a bad rap.(许多家长和其他人对咸的油炸食品正在取代胡萝卜条等更健康的选择感到不安。因此，土豆——炸薯条的原料——一直名声不佳。)”和第三段“Potatoes are very healthy. But any food, even carrots or lettuce (生菜), will be less healthy if it’s cooked in grease (油脂).(土豆非常健康。但任何食物，即使是胡萝卜或生菜，如果在油脂中烹饪都会不健康。)”可知，土豆面临的情况是它们得到了不公正的评价。故选D。 【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“As a high school science teacher and son of a potato farmer, he wanted to do something to draw attention to potatoes as a healthy food and a good choice as part of anyone’s regular meals.(作为一名高中科学老师和马铃薯农民的儿子，他想做点什么来吸引人们注意土豆是一种健康的食物，是人们日常饮食的一个好选择。)”可知，Chris决定只吃土豆是因为他想证明土豆是健康的。故选C。 【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“I was pretty tired of eating potatoes after a few weeks.(几个星期后，我就吃腻了土豆。)”可知，吃了几个星期土豆后，Chris就厌烦吃土豆了，故选B。 【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Two months ago, Chris decided to eat nothing but potatoes for 60 days.(两个月前，Chris决定在60天内只吃土豆。)”和第一段“Well, I made it(嗯，我做到了)”可知，他60天内每天只吃土豆，所以他是坚定而执着的，可用determined和persistent来描述他，故选D。 C篇 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. C 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是中国在人工智能领域的发展现状、面临的挑战以及为了迎头赶上并促进人工智能创新所需采取的措施。 【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Why couldn’t someone in China come up with Chat GPT or Sora? What does China need to do to promote AI innovation (创新)? In terms of foundation models, US-based companies like Open AI have indeed taken a lead.(为什么中国没有人想出Chat GPT或Sora？中国需要做些什么来促进人工智能创新？在基础模型方面，像Open AI这样的美国公司确实走在了前面。)”可知，作者在开头提到了Chat GPT和Sora是为了引入话题，即中国在人工智能领域现状、挑战及未来发展的方向，故选D。 【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“This is due to insufficient computing power, as well as shortage of high-level talent and insufficient investment.(这是由于计算能力不足，以及高层次人才短缺和投资不足。)”可知，中国企业落后于Open AI的原因是高端人工智能人才短缺。故选C。 【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“The development of AI relies on three key factors: computing power, algorithms (算法), and data. Computing power is closely related to chip technology, algorithms depend on foundational capabilities, and data is tied to language and user markets. Behind these key factors lie the issues of talents, massive investment and innovation ecosystems.(人工智能的发展依赖于三个关键因素：计算能力、算法和数据。计算能力与芯片技术密切相关，算法依赖于基础能力，而数据与语言和用户市场密切相关。这些关键因素的背后是人才、大规模投资和创新生态系统的问题。)”和第四段“Put simply, the US holds advantages over other countries in these aspects. In terms of foundational large-scale models, Chinese companies are slightly falling behind the US. This is due to insufficient computing power, as well as shortage of high-level talent and insufficient investment.(简而言之，美国在这些方面比其他国家更有优势。在基础的大型模型方面，中国企业略微落后于美国。这是由于计算能力不足，以及高层次人才短缺和投资不足。)”可知，作者分析了人工智能的发展依赖于三个关键因素和中国企业落后于美国的原因，根据最后一段“To catch up in the AI race, China must focus on the following three areas(为了在人工智能竞赛中迎头赶上，中国必须关注以下三个方面)”可知，最后一段作者给出了一些建议，因此作者是通过分析和建议来展开这篇文章的，故选D。 【31题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Third, promoting a strong commercial ecosystem(第三，促进强大的商业生态系统)”可知，中国要建立良好的商业生态系统才能在人工智能竞赛中脱颖而出。故选C。 D篇 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍瓶装水中纳米塑料现状，以及潜在危害和避免方式。 【32题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段“‘The innovative new techniques presented in the study open the door for further research to better understand the potential risks to human health,’ said Jane Houlihan, research director for Healthy Babies, Bright Futures, who was not involved in the study. (Bright Futures health Babies的研究主管Jane Houlihan表示：‘研究中提出的创新新技术为进一步研究打开了大门，以更好地了解人类健康的潜在风险。’Jane Houlihan她没有参与这项研究。)”可知，Houlihan是一位没有参与这项研究的主管。故选D项。 【33题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段“Instead of 300 per liter, the team behind the latest study found the actual number of plastic bits in three popular brands of water sold in the United States to be in between 110,000 and 370,000, if not higher. (最新研究背后的团队发现，在美国销售的三种流行品牌的水中，塑料碎片的实际数量在110000到370000之间，甚至更高，而不是每升300个。)”可知，在著名的瓶装水中发现的塑料碎片数量惊人。故选C项。 【34题详解】词句猜测题。由文章最后一段“We can avoid consuming foods and beverages in plastic containers. We can wear clothing made from natural fabrics and buy consumer products made from natural materials (我们可以避免食用塑料容器中的食物和 。我们可以穿天然织物制成的衣服，购买天然材料制成的消费品)”中in plastic containers以及前文所提的“瓶装水”可知，这里指装在塑料瓶里面的“饮料”。所以猜测beverages表“饮品”的意思。故选A项。 【35题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第一段“In a new study, researchers have discovered bottled water sold in stores can contain 10 to 100 times more bits of plastic than previously estimated. So tiny are these nanoparticles（纳米颗粒）that they cannot be seen under a microscope. (在一项新的研究中，研究人员发现，商店里出售的瓶装水含有的塑料比以前估计的多10到100倍。这些纳米粒子太小了，在显微镜下看不见。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍瓶装水中纳米塑料现状，以及潜在危害和避免方式。所以B项Bottled Water, Harmful Nanoplastic (瓶装水、有害纳米塑料)符合语境。故选B项。 第二节 七选五 36. C 37. E 38. F 39. D 40 A 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何顺利开展简短而愉快的闲聊提供了一些方法和策略。 【36题详解】空前“Brief and pleasant small talk can promote learning, expand your horizons, and contribute to a sense of belonging.(简短而愉快的闲聊可以促进学习，扩大视野，并有助于建立归属感)”提到了简短而愉快的闲聊能给人们带来的好处，结合下文提到了开展这种闲聊的方法。因此空处应与闲聊的好处以及开展闲聊的方法相关，C项“你可以通过掌握一些技巧来最大化这些好处”符合语境。C项中的“these benefits”与空前的“promote learning ... and contribute to a sense of belonging”相照应，“some techniques”与空后的“strategies”相照应。故选C。 【37题详解】空前“Find help from your surroundings, says Debra Fine, an expert on communication skills. If you’re standing next to someone at a baby shower, for example, the fact that you’re both there is what she calls “free information” — so ask the person how they know the mum-to-be.(沟通技巧专家黛布拉·法恩说，从周围环境中寻求帮助。例如，如果你在迎婴派对上站在某人旁边，你俩都在场的事实就是她所说的“免费信息”——所以问问那个人他们是怎么认识这位准妈妈的)”主要提到如果你在迎婴派对上站在某人旁边，你们都在场的事实就是“免费信息”，要学会利用这种信息开展闲聊。因此空处应和利用两人的共同点开展闲聊有关。E项“你们共同的现实是进行更深入对话的绝佳切入点”承接上文内容，与本段主旨相呼应。E项中的“Your shared reality”和上文中提到的“the fact that you’re both there”相呼应。后半部分中的“for deeper conversation”也与进一步开展闲聊相关。故选E。 【38题详解】空前“Avoid controversial (有争议的) topics and potentially sensitive matters (such as religion, relationship status, kids and work).(避免有争议的话题和潜在的敏感问题（比如宗教、感情状况、孩子和工作）)”提到避开有争议的话题和潜在的敏感问题，空后“You might ask a high school senior to fill you in on their college search, for example, rather than asking if they will get into a famous college.(例如，你可以让一个高三学生告诉你他们找大学的情况，而不是问他们是否能进入一所著名的大学)”举例说明了进行闲聊时应该怎么询问。因此空处应与应该询问什么样的问题相关。F项“相反，你应该问这样的问题：“工作之余是什么让你这么忙？”的建议。”提到了应该询问的问题，符合语境。故选F。 【39题详解】空前“If someone asks how you are and you simply respond “Good”, you’re being a “lazy conversationalist”.( 如果有人问你怎么样，而你只是简单地回答“很好”，那你就是一个“懒惰的健谈者”)”讲到如果有人问你过得怎么样，而你只是简单地回答“很好”，那你就是一个“懒于交谈的人”。空后指出如果对方愿意继续聊天，这就给了你们足够的聊天空间。由此可推断空处应与不要回答得太简单，要多说一些内容相关，D项“与其用一个词来回应，不如用一个完整的句子来回应”符合语境。D项中的“Rather than a single-word response”与空前内容相照应，“offer a full sentence in return”与空后内容衔接。故选D。 【40题详解】根据下文“Some conversations may drag on because people can’t figure out how to end them. Consider introducing the person to someone else, suggests Diane Windingland, and leaving time for them to know each other. Besides, Windingland recommends completing conversations like this: “Please excuse me, I have to talk to so-and-so.(有些对话可能会拖延下去，因为人们不知道如何结束。Diane Windingland建议，考虑把这个人介绍给其他人，并留出时间让他们相互了解。此外，Windingland建议这样结束对话：“请原谅，我得和某某谈谈。”)”可知，该段主要讲述了如何退出一场闲聊。A项“优雅地退出闲聊”与下文内容联系紧密，符合语境。且A项语言比较简练，符合段落小标题的特征。故选A。 第三部分 语言运用 第一节 完型填空 41. B 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. B 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. C 52. C 53. A 54. A 55. D 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者从小就想成为一名海洋生物学家，面对家庭经济条件的限制，没有放弃对梦想的追求，而是通过努力学习获得奖学金，成功完成了本科学习，并在之后找到了实验室助理的工作来支持自己继续深造。最终，作者被心仪的研究生项目录取，即将获得海洋生物学博士学位，实现了自己的梦想。 41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我知道我渴望成为一名海洋生物学家。A. agreed同意；B. longed渴望；C. felt感觉；D. realized意识到。根据下文“to be an oceanic biologist”可知，作者是渴望成为一名海洋生物学家。故选B。 【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于一个11岁的孩子来说，这是一个雄心勃勃的目标，但我知道，如果我努力工作，这是可以实现的。A. goal目标；B. contrast对比；C. appointment预约；D. trait特征。根据上文“I __1___ to be an oceanic biologist”可知，作者渴望成为一名海洋生物学家，这是一个目标。故选A。 【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于一个11岁的孩子来说，这是一个雄心勃勃的目标，但我知道，如果我努力工作，这是可以实现的。A. intense强烈的；B. achievable可以实现的；C. outstanding杰出的；D. motivated有……动机的。根据下文“if I worked hard”和常识可知，只要努力，是可以实现目标的。故选B。 【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我一直在追求我的梦想。A. devoting奉献；B. raising提高；C. recycling回收；D. pursuing追求。根据下文“In high school I took as many science classes as I could”可知，作者在学校学习，尽可能多地上科学课，是在追求自己的梦想。故选D。 【45题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我努力学习，取得了优异的成绩。A. ambitious有雄心的；B. remarkable非凡的；C. possible可能的；D. depressed沮丧的。根据上文“I studied hard and got”可知，作者努力学习，所以取得了很好的成绩，空格处意为“非凡的”。故选B。 【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很喜欢我正在学习的东西，因为每一天我都看到了一个更好的自己。A. hated讨厌；B. enjoyed喜欢；C. handled处理；D. promoted提升。根据下文“for each day I just saw a better version of myself”可知，作者很喜欢自己正在学习的东西。故选B。 【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我必须面对一个艰难的处境，即我的父母没有很多钱来支持我的学业，但我知道，认为我能获得一所好大学的奖学金并不是不切实际的。A. unrealistic不现实的；B. unclear不清楚的；C. ultimate最终的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据上文“each day I just saw a better version of myself”可知，作者每天都看到最好的自己，所以作者觉得自己是可能拿到奖学金的，这个想法并不是不切实际的。故选A。 【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的确拿到了奖学金，四年后，我拿到了海洋生物学的本科学位。A. wasn’t不是；B. was是；C. didn’t不；D. did的确。根据上文“it wasn’t ___7__ to think I could get a scholarship to a good university”和下文“and, in four years, I got my undergraduate degree in marine biology”可知，作者觉得自己可以拿到奖学金，所以后来的确拿到了奖学金，空格处用did表强调，故选D。 【49题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我不得不把读研究生的时间推迟几年，但我找到了一份有趣的实验室助理工作，所以还不算太糟。A. put up张贴；B. put on穿上；C. put off推迟；D. put out熄灭。根据下文“but I got an interesting job as a laboratory assistant”可知，作者找了个工作，可见是把读研推迟了。故选C。 【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我不得不把读研究生的时间推迟几年，但我找到了一份有趣的实验室助理工作，所以还不算太糟。A. bad糟糕的；B. good好的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. boring无趣的，无聊的。根据上文“I got an interesting job as a laboratory assistant”可知，作者找到了一份有趣的实验室助理工作，所以不算太糟糕。故选A。 【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我被第一志愿大学的研究生项目录取了。A. appreciated感激；B. claimed声称，断言；C. accepted接受；D. received收到。根据下文“into the graduate program at the university that was my first choice”可知，作者被大学的研究生项目录取了。故选C。 【52题详解】考查形容词和副词词义辨析。句意：现在，三年过去了，我即将实现我的梦想，获得海洋生物学博士学位！A. latest最新的；B. lately最近；C. later后来；D. latter后者的。根据上文“I was__11__ into the graduate program at the university that was my first choice. Now, three years”可知，作者被研究生项目录取，所以三年后是要毕业了，three years later意为“三年后”。故选C。 【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，三年过去了，我即将实现我的梦想，获得海洋生物学博士学位！A. fulfill实现；B. dominate在……中占首要地位；C. switch转变；D. finish完成。根据下文“my dream and graduate with my Doctor degree in marine biology”可知，作者即将实现自己的梦想。故选A。 【54题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：如果你设定了目标，并为之努力，一切皆有可能。A. Everything一切；B. Something某物；C. Anything任何东西；D. Nothing没有什么。根据上文“I am about to __13___ my dream and graduate with my Doctor degree in marine biology”可知，作者最终实现了自己的梦想，所以作者想说只要努力，一切都是可能的。故选A。 【55题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果你设定了目标，并为之努力，一切皆有可能。A. hardly几乎不；B. normally正常情况下；C. sincerely真诚地；D. diligently勤奋地。根据第5空前的“I studied hard”可知，作者努力学习，最终实现了自己的梦想，所以作者的意思是只要努力，勤奋，一切都是可能的。故选D。 第2节 语法填空 56. devoted 57. for 58. ranking 59. committed 60. when 61. To participate 62. hesitation 63. was appointed 64. tirelessly 65. a [解析]语篇类型：新闻报道 主题语境：人与社会—对社会有突出贡献的人物——对深地探索有贡献的黄大年 文章大意：本文主要讲述对中国深地探索做出巨大贡献的黄大年的经历等。 56. devoted 动词的时态 由空后的 and made可知，本空和made并列作谓语，都应用一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作，故填devoted。 a noted Chinese geophysicist作前面Huang Danian的同位语。句意：黄大年，中国著名地球物理学家，投身科学事业并为中国深地探索做出了巨大贡献。 57.for 介词 passion与for连用，表示“对……的酷爱”。句意：黄大年1958年出生在广西南宁，他对地球物理学的酷爱从很小的时候就开始了。 58.ranking 非谓语动词 本句话中 went和earned是并列的谓语，该空前无连词连接，故本空用非谓语形式作状语；又因rank与主语he为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式ranking。句意：1993年他赴英国深造，获得地球物理学博士学位，排名全班第一。 59.committed 形容词 本句话中remained是系动词，本空用形容词作表语，故填committed“尽心尽力的，坚信的，坚定的”。 句意：在英国停留期间，黄大年仍然对他的祖国尽心尽力。 60. when 定语从句 本句话逗号前面是主句，该空引导定语从句修饰先行词2008，且指代先行词在该句中作时间状语，故用when引导。语境：他长期梦想着回去“全心全意地为祖国服务”。这个机会在2008年出现了，那一年中国启动了全球顶尖人才国家计划。 61.To participate 非谓语动词 本句话中quit和returned是并列的谓语，故本空用非谓语形式。根据句意可知，此处表示目的故用动词不定式，注意首字母大写。句意：为了参与该计划，黄大年毫不犹豫地辞去了自己的工作，作为第一批的专业人士之一回到了中国。 62.hesitation 名词 no后面填名词形式，故本空填hesitation. with no hesitation“毫不犹豫”。 63.was appointed 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致 根据句意可知主语和动词appoint之间是被动关系，同时此处表示发生在过去的动作，主语Huang是单数可数名词。故填was appointed。句意:一回国,黄大年被任命为中国最大的深地探测计划的首席科学家。 64.tirelessly 副词 修饰动词worked应用副词形式，故填tirelessly“不知疲倦地”。句意：黄大年夜以继日地不知疲倦地工作。 65.a 冠词 此breakthrough为单数可数名词，此处表示泛指，且significant的发音以辅音音素开头，故用冠词a。make a significant breakthrough“取得一个有重大意义的突破”。 第四部分 写作 第一节 An Unforgettable Activity in Grade One This year has witnessed many colorful activities. The one I hold dear(珍视) is First Aid Knowledge into Campus launched last month. This event, aimed at promoting Grade One students’ awareness of emergency skills, unfolded with a lecture by a professional trainer, covering CPR techniques（心肺复苏术） and wound dressing（伤口敷料）. Then came the hands-on practices, where students were encouraged to perform first aids on fake people, supervised（监督，管理） and guided by medical personnel（医务人员）. The activity turned out to be meaningful and informative. Not only did it equip us students with practical skills, but it cultivated a culture of care and responsibility. 第二节 Backstage on the night of the performance, I felt nervous. Throat tightening and hands sweating, a current of anxiety took hold of me. But it was at that very moment that my teacher came over to me. “Your mother asked me to give this to you," she said, handing me a dandelion（蒲公英）, whose edges were already beginning to curl（卷曲）. I gently put in my pocket the flower, which reminded me my mom was in company with me. I calmed down immediately and presented my narration(记叙文，故事) perfectly. So remarkable was our play that the audience burst into thunderous applause. After the play, I took home the flower I had placed in the pocket. My mother gently pressed it between two sheets of paper in a dictionary, carefully gazing at（gaze at 盯住，凝视） the dandelion and laughing as she murmured（ 低语，轻声地说）, “We were perhaps the only people who would press such a sorry-looking weed.” Years later, I still keep that thin brown dandelion in our old family dictionary and constantly recall our precious lunch times being together, because mom's precious gift has encouraged me to be the real princess（公主） in my own life. 听力原稿 Text 1 M: Hi, Nancy, Do you know Chongqing in Southwest China? W: Yes. It is largely built on mountains and surrounded by rivers, thus it is known as the “mountain city". Many people are drawn to Chongqing by its natural scenery. M: Yes. But I prefer its delicious food. l especially like its special spicy hotpot. Text 2 W: Shall we go to the People's Park today? M: That sounds like a good idea.We can take a bus there. It's very convenient. W: OK. Let's walk across the street, The bus stop is next to the subway station. Text 3 W: James, you are leaving for your new school tomorrow. Can I do something to help you pack? M: Please ask Dad where my old school backpack is. Text 4 M: Are children's clothes on the 3rd floor? W: No, they are on the 4th floor. And there are children's toys on the 5th floor. They are on sale now. You can go and have a look. M: Thank you. I will go there later. Text 5 W: What are you reading? M: Love China All My Life: Isabel Crook's Stories. It was written by Tan Kai. The book features Isabel Crook, a woman who devoted years of her life to China’s English language education. W: Oh, I've heard of it. It is one of the 12 newly published books recommended in April. Text 6 M: Mom, I'm sick, My throat hurts and I have a stomachache. Can I stay at home this morning? W: I'll ask for sick leave for you. Maybe you ate something bad. What did you eat last night? M: Just the noodles you cooked. But I don't think there is any problem with the noodles. Dad and Emily ate them too. W: Yeah, no one else is sick, so it's not that. I'll make you some tea with honey now .And then I will call the doctor. Text 7 M: Hello, ABC Service Company. This is Mike speaking. W: Hello, this is Susan, May I speak to Ann? M: I'm afraid she's on the other line now. What can I do for you? W: OK, I registered to hire a part-time teacher through your company last week, Now I'm calling to know whether there is any message or not? M: Please wait a moment. Let me check. W: All right. M: Er... there are three teachers who can meet your requirements. Do you need us to arrange a meeting? W: That will be good. I am going on a business trip on Thursday and Friday, but the other time is available. M: Then how about this Wednesday? W: OK. Thank you very much. Text 8 W: Can I help you? M: I urgently need a room for tomorrow night, Do you have any vacancies? W: Yes, we have, what kind of room would you like? M: I'd like a suite with an ocean view, please. W: No problem, sir. M: What is the price of the suite? W: It is $250 per night. M: It is too high. I am told that your hotel is offering discounts now. W: The offer ended yesterday. I'm sorry. M: Then do you have anything less expensive? W: Sorry, sir, So far it is the least expensive suite for tomorrow night. M: OK.I will take it. By the way, does the price include breakfast? W: Yes, it does, But you must pay for the lunch and supper, And how long do you expect to stay? M: Three days. W:OK.Our check-in time is after 2:00 pm. See you tomorrow. M: Thank you. See you. Text 9 M: What are you doing in the holiday? W: Well, my aunt is coming to visit for several weeks. M: Where are you going? W: For the first week, we're just going to stay in the city. She wants to explore the city. I'm going to take her to the usual places, like Hollywood and all the movie studios. Then after that, we're going to Palm Springs for a couple of days and visit a friend of mine there. We're driving there because it's so beautiful going through the mountains. M: Sounds good! W: What about you? Do you have any plans for the vacation? M: I'm going to stay at home and do some gardening on the first week because my parents will take a trip. I'm going to take swimming classes the second week. My brother is going to teach me. He is a swimming instructor. W: That's great. Text 10 W: How do things get their names? That is not always an easy question to answer.There are many different ways. Today let's look at how two things got their names. Many people associate kiwifruit（奇异果，猕猴桃） with New Zealand, but this fruit is actually native to China. China is the top producer of kiwifruit. A teacher from New Zealand took it from China in 1904. Then in 1959, a New Zealand company wanted to ship the fruit abroad. They named it kiwi after their national bird. By the 1970s, everyone was calling the fruit by that name. Next, let's talk about zippers（拉链）. What would we do without zippers? This clever little invention is used to fasten many different things. Zippers were developed by several people over many years starting in 1851. During that time, the device had a number of names. Finally in 1923, an American company named a “zipper" and trademarked it. The word zipper comes from the sound it makes when it opens or closes. However, the company lost its trademark in 1930 when zipper became popular as a general term. Nowadays ninety percent of zippers are produced by a Japanese company called YKK. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 方城一高2025年高一年级期末考试冲刺演练（五）英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 1.What does the man especially like about Chongqing? A. Its climate. B. Its scenery. C. Its food. 2. How will the speakers go to the People's Park? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By subway. 3.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Schoolmates. B. Mother and son. C. Teacher and student. 4.On which floor are children's toys? A.The 3rd one. B. The 4th one. C.The 5th one. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A book. B. A writer. C. An organization. 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What happened to the boy? A. He felt unwell. B. He was late for school. C. He skipped breakfast. 7.What will the woman do first? A. Cook some noodles. B. Call the doctor. C. Make some tea. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8.Who is Mike? A.Ann's husband. B. Ann's colleague. C. Ann's roommate. 9. Why does Susan make the call? A. To arrange a meeting. B.To get some information. C. To find a part-time job. 10.When will Susan meet the teachers? A.On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．What does the man think of the suite（套房）？ A. Beautiful. B. Expensive C. Comfortable. 12.Which is included in the price? A. Breakfast. B. Lunch. C. Supper. 13.How much will the man pay for his vacancy（旅馆空房间）？ A. $250. B. $450. C. $750. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14.What will the woman and her aunt do first during the holiday? A. Travel around Hollywood. B. Go to Palm Springs. C. Visit a friend. 15.Why does the woman want to drive to Palm Springs? A.To save time. B. To carry things easily. C. To enjoy the scenery. 16. What is the man's plan for the first week? A.Taking a trip. B. Doing the gardening. C. Having some classes. 17.How will the man learn swimming? A.Teach himself. B.Learn from his brother. C.Hire a swimming instructor. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．Where does kiwifruit（猕猴桃）originally come from？ A. America. B. New Zealand. C. China. 19．When was “zipper”trademarked（给……标上商标）？ A.In 1923. B. In 1930. C. In 1959. 20．Which is the largest producer of zippers（拉链）？ A. An American company B. A Japanese company C. A French company 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） A Classical music Classical music was the music of European courts and big concert hats. Specifically, classical music refers to orchestral music of the 18th and early 19th century, which is played with traditional European instruments, often in large orchestras. Beethoven and Mozart are two of the most famous classical composers. Blues Blues started off as the music of the African slaves who were brought to the United States, closely related to the music of West Africa. It became well-known throughout the world through musicians such as Moody Waters and B.B. King. In many ways, blues remains an important element in many of today’s popular tunes. Jazz Jazz grew out of blues. As with blues, one of the important elements of jazz is improvisation (即兴演奏). Improvisation happens when a musician plays unwritten music to fit the mood of the occasion. One of the most famous names in jazz is Miles Davis. He was famous for always finding new ways of playing jazz, and for many people, this represented the spirit of jazz. Rock’n’roll and rock Rock’n’roll developed from fast blues. Chuck Berry and Elvis Presley were the big names in rock’n’roll and the Beatles in England took the music and made their own sounds from it. When the guitars got louder and the guitar solos (独奏) got longer, rock’n’roll became just rock. Now rock is one of the most popular forms of music in the world and its fans can be found all over the world. Creating new music Today, these names of music styles are less important to musicians. Radio, television and the Internet have made it easier for sounds to travel across cultures, and styles have become more mixed. If there is one thing the history of popular music has shown, it is that good musicians will always create new music from the different styles they hear. 21. Which is still a vital part in today’s popular tunes? A. Blues. B. Jazz. C. Classical music. D. Rock’n’roll and rock. 22. Which of the following persons is famous for Rock music? A. Mozart. B. Moody Waters. C. Miles Davis. D. Elvis Presley. 23. What can we learn from the passage? A. The technological development limits the spread of music. B. It’s easier for different music to maintain their own unique styles. C. The best musicians attach importance to the names of music styles. D. New music by good musicians can gain its place in the history of popular music. B “Well, I made it,” says Chris Green with a smile. Recently there have been news reports and television shows reporting on the quality of school lunches. According to federal (联邦的) guidelines, French fries count as a serving of vegetables. Many parents and others are upset that a salty, deep-fried food is replacing healthier options like carrot sticks. As a result, the potato — what French fries are made of — has been getting a bad rap. “The problem is not the potato,” insists Chris. “Potatoes are very healthy. But any food, even carrots or lettuce (生菜), will be less healthy if it’s cooked in grease (油脂).” Two months ago, Chris decided to eat nothing but potatoes for 60 days. As a high school science teacher and son of a potato farmer, he wanted to do something to draw attention to potatoes as a healthy food and a good choice as part of anyone’s regular meals. “It’s been an interesting experience,” Chris said. “For a while, I wasn’t sure I would make it. I was pretty tired of eating potatoes after a few weeks.” But for Chris there were some benefits that he hadn’t expected. He’s lost 15 pounds and he feels better than he has in years. “I have so much more energy,” he says. “I’ve been running and playing on a local basketball team, and I feel like I’m playing as well as I did when I was in high school.” And Chris has gotten a lot of attention, much more than he expected. “It’s been fantastic. Thousands of people have read my blog. I’ve been sharing recipes and talking about the experience. Every day I get to tell people what a great idea it is to eat potatoes.” Chris is glad to be back to a normal diet, but he still eats potatoes at least 5 or 6 times a week. “Everyone should!” he says with a smile. “Potatoes are healthy and taste great!” 24. What situation do potatoes face? A. They get more and more popular. B. They become good for people’s health. C. They receive little attention. D. They obtain an unfair judgement. 25. Why did Chris decide to eat potatoes only? A. Because potatoes were cheap. B. Because he loved potatoes very much. C. Because he wanted to prove that potatoes were healthy. D. Because he felt like drawing attention to himself. 26. After eating potatoes for a few weeks, how did Chris feel? A. He became less fit. B. He was sick of eating potatoes. C. He felt like giving up his plan. D. He felt that he had put on some weight. 27. Which of the following can best describe Chris? A. Intelligent and selfless. B. Humorous and cooperative. C. Courageous and adventurous. D. Determined and persistent. C Why couldn’t someone in China come up with ChatGPT or Sora? What does China need to do to promote AI innovation (创新)? In terms of foundation models, US-based companies like OpenAI have indeed taken a lead. ChatGPT and Sora are significant not only for what they can currently accomplish but also because they reflect the technological ability of these US-based companies in advancing AI. Furthermore, they foreshadow the boundless potential of future developments and applications in AΙ. The development of AI relies on three key factors: computing power, algorithms (算法), and data. Computing power is closely related to chip technology, algorithms depend on foundational capabilities, and data is tied to language and user markets. Behind these key factors lie the issues of talents, massive investment and innovation ecosystems. Put simply, the US holds advantages over other countries in these aspects. In terms of foundational large-scale models, Chinese companies are slightly falling behind the US. This is due to insufficient computing power, as well as shortage of high-level talent and insufficient investment. However, overall, both China and the US are among the leading countries in the development of AI, be it in terms of the number of publications, patent applications, venture capital (风险资本) investment, or the research and development of large-scale models. To catch up in the AI race, China must focus on the following three areas: First, dealing with the shortage of computing power. Second, addressing the shortfall in algorithms, fundamentally by developing top-tier talent in basic research. Third, promoting a strong commercial ecosystem, which involves using China’s vast market demand advantage to explore commercially capable application descriptions, swiftly realizing profitability, and vitally developing and reinvesting in basic model research through application, thereby creating a positive feedback loop (机制) for AI development. 28. Why does the author mention ChatGPT and Sora at the beginning? A. To illustrate the argument. B. To present the details. C. To demonstrate the conclusion. D. To introduce the topic. 29. Which of the following contributes to Chinese companies’ falling behind OpenAI? A. The lack of application market. B. The inability to conduct computing. C. The shortage of high-end AI talents. D. The improper financial investment. 30. How does the author develop this article? A. By presenting and discussing. B. By reasoning and assessing. C. By comparing and reflecting. D. By analyzing and suggesting. 31. What can China do to stand out in the AI race? A. Stop conducting comparison with others. B. Develop top-tier talents in agriculture. C. Establish a sound business ecosystem. D. Create a feedback system for AI development. D In a new study, researchers have discovered bottled water sold in stores can contain 10 to 100 times more bits of plastic than previously estimated. So tiny are these nanoparticles (纳米颗粒) that they cannot be seen under a microscope. “At 1,000th the average width of a human hair, nanoplastics are so small they can migrate and distribute potentially harmful synthetic chemicals throughout the body and into cells,” experts say. “One liter of water contained an average of 240,000 plastic particles from seven types of plastics, of which 90% were identified as nanoplastics and the rest were microplastics.” Microplastics are polymer fragments that can range from less than 0.2 inch down to 1/25,000th of an inch. Anything smaller is a nanoplastic that must be measured in billionths of a meter. In the new study, researchers from Columbia University presented a new technology that can see, count and analyze the chemical structure of nanoparticles in bottled water. Instead of 300 per liter, the team behind the latest study found the actual number of plastic bits in three popular brands of water sold in the United States to be in between 110,000 and 370,000, if not higher. “The innovative new techniques presented in the study open the door for further research to better understand the potential risks to human health,” said Jane Houlihan, research director for Healthy Babies, Bright Futures, who was not involved in the study. “Infants and young children may face the greatest risks, as their developing brains and bodies are often more weak to impacts from toxic (有毒的) exposures.” “Nanoplastics are the most worrisome type of plastic pollution for human health,” experts say. “That’s because the minuscule particles can invade individual cells and tissues in major organs, potentially interrupting cellular processes and depositing endocrine-disrupting chemicals.” “There are things people can do to reduce their exposure to plastics,” said Houlihan. “We can avoid consuming foods and beverages in plastic containers. We can wear clothing made from natural fabrics and buy consumer products made from natural materials,” Houlihan said. “We can simply take stock of the plastic in our daily lives and find alternatives whenever capable.” 32. What do you know about Houlihan? A. An expert specializing in plastic study. B. A researcher who invented microscopes. C. A scientist who presented a new technology. D. A director who didn’t participate in the study. 33. What can we learn from Para. 4? A. Bottled water brings nothing but toxic materials to consumers. B. Babies are unlikely to be affected by nanoparticles for their young age. C. The plastic bits found in famous bottled water are surprisingly numerous. D. The potential danger of plastic bits to man has already been dug deep. 34. What does the underlined word “beverages” in the last paragraph mean? A. drinks B. pills C. nanoparticles D. desserts 35. What is the best title of the text? A. Tiny Nanoparticles, Great Impact B. Bottled Water, Harmful Nanoplastic C. Popular Bottled Water, Convenient Life D. Water Alternatives, Sustainable Development 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Brief and pleasant small talk can promote learning, expand your horizons, and contribute to a sense of belonging. 36 We asked experts to share their favorite strategies for getting better at small talk. Take advantage of “free information”. Find help from your surroundings, says Debra Fine, an expert on communication skills. If you’re standing next to someone at a baby shower, for example, the fact that you’re both there is what she calls “free information” — so ask the person how they know the mum-to-be. 37 Skip sensitive questions. Avoid controversial (有争议的) topics and potentially sensitive matters (such as religion, relationship status, kids and work). 38 You might ask a high school senior to fill you in on their college search, for example, rather than asking if they will get into a famous college. Respond generously. Think of conversation as a game——and aim to be an active player, which requires investing energy in it. If someone asks how you are and you simply respond “Good”, you’re being a “lazy conversationalist”. __39____ That gives the person you’re talking to plenty to work with if they’d like to continue to chat. 40 Some conversations may drag on because people can’t figure out how to end them. Consider introducing the person to someone else, suggests Diane Windingland, and leaving time for them to know each other. Besides, Windingland recommends completing conversations like this: “Please excuse me, I have to talk to so-and-so.” A. Exit the chat gracefully. B. Focus on meaningful topics. C. You can maximize (使最大化) these benefits by mastering some techniques. D. Rather than a single-word response, offer a full sentence in return. E. Your shared reality is a wonderful entry point for deeper conversation. F. Instead, questions like “What keeps you busy outside of work?” are suggested. G. One key to changing that is to first accept that these casual chats are impossible to avoid. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was 11 years old, I went snorkeling (潜水) in the ocean for the first time. That was when I knew that I 41 to be an oceanic biologist. It was an ambitious (有抱负的) 42 for an 11-year-old, but I knew that it was 43 if I worked hard. Since then, I’ve been 44 my dream. In high school I took as many science classes as I could. I studied hard and got 45 grades. I really 46 what I was studying, for each day I just saw a better version of myself. Though I had to face a tough situation where my parents didn’t make a lot of money to support my study, I knew it wasn’t 47 to think I could get a scholarship to a good university. I 48 , and, in four years, I got my undergraduate degree in marine biology. However, I had to 49 graduate school (研究生院) for a couple of years, but I got an interesting job as a laboratory assistant, so it wasn’t so 50 . Finally, I was 51 into the graduate program at the university that was my first choice. Now, three years 52 , I am about to 53 my dream and graduate with my Doctor degree in marine biology! 54 is possible if you set a goal and work 55 toward achieving it. 41. A. agreed B. longed C. felt D. realized 42. A. goal B. contrast C. appointment D. trait 43. A. intense B. achievable C. outstanding D. motivated 44. A. devoting B. raising C. recycling D. pursuing 45. A. ambitious B. remarkable C. possible D. depressed 46. A. hated B. enjoyed C. handled D. promoted 47. A. unrealistic B. unclear C. ultimate D. unusual 48. A. wasn’t B. was C. didn’t D. did 49. A. put up B. put on C. put off D. put out 50. A. bad B. good C. fortunate D. boring 51. A. appreciated B. claimed C. accepted D. received 52. A. latest B. lately C. later D. latter 53. A. fulfill B. dominate C. switch D. finish 54. A. Everything B. Something C. Anything D. Nothing 55. A. hardly B. normally C. sincerely D. diligently 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Huang Danian, a noted Chinese geophysicist（地球物理学家）, 56 (devote) himself to science and made great contributions to China's deep earth exploration. Born in 1958 in Nanning, Guangxi, Huang's passion 57 geophysics started from an early age. In 1993, he went to England for further studies, and earned his doctor's degree in geophysics, 58 (rank) at the top of his class. Huang later joined a geophysical service company in Cambridge to gain first-hand experience. During his stay in England, Huang remained 59 (commit) to his motherland. He long dreamed of going back to “serve my country with my whole heart”. The opportunity came in 2008, 60 China launched a national program for global top talent. 61 (participate) in the program, Huang quit his job with no 62 (hesitate) and returned to China as one of the first professionals. Upon return, Huang 63 (appoint) chief scientist of China's biggest deep earth exploration program. Huang worked 64 (tireless) around the clock. Thanks to Huang and his team's efforts, China made 65 significant breakthrough in deep earth exploration. Huang passed away at the age of 58. His passing left the scientific community in sorrow, but he will be remembered forever for his devotion to his field and the love of his motherland. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节：假定你是李华，你校英文报举办以“An Unforgettable Activity in Grade One”为主题的征文比赛。请你写一篇英文短文参赛。内容包括：1. 活动内容；2. 活动感受。 注意 1. 词数80个左右；2. 标题和首句已给出，不计入总词数。 An Unforgettable Activity in Grade One This year has witnessed many colorful activities.______________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My mother’s gift A dandelion (蒲公英) in my dictionary always reminds me of my lunchtimes with my mother. When I was in the third grade, I was picked to be the princess in the school play, and for weeks my mother had painstakingly (费力地) practised my lines with me. But no matter how easily I delivered them at home, as soon as I stepped onstage, every word disappeared from my head. Finally, my teacher took me aside. She explained that she had written a narrator’s part to the play, and asked me to switch roles. I didn’t tell my mother what had happened when I went home for lunch that day. But she sensed my unease, and instead of suggesting we practice my lines, she asked if I wanted to walk in the yard. It was a lovely spring day and the rose leaves were turning green. We could see yellow dandelions popping through the grass in bunches, as if a painter had touched our landscape with a little bit of gold. I watched my mother casually bend down by one of the dandelions. “I think I’m going to dig up all these weeds,” she said, suddenly pulling a flower up by its roots. “From now on, we’ll have only roses in this garden.” “But I like dandelions,” I protested. “All flowers are beautiful — even dandelions.” My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it?” she asked thoughtfully. I nodded, pleased that I had won her over. “And that is true of people too,” she added. “Not everyone can be a princess, but there is no shame in that.” Relieved that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry as I told her what had happened. “But you will be a beautiful narrator,” she said, reminding me of how much I loved to read stories aloud to her. “The narrator’s part is as important as the part of a princess.” Over the next few weeks, with her constant encouragement, I learned to take pride in the role. Lunchtimes were spent reading over my lines and talking about what I would wear. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Backstage on the night of the performance, I felt nervous. _____________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ After the play, I took home the flower I had placed in the pocket. _______________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$