精品解析：山东省德州市乐陵市2024-2025年学年八年级下学期期中考试英语试题

2024—2025学年度第二学期期中质量检测八年级 英语试题 注意事项： 1．本试题共六个大题，有选择题和非选择题；选择题计65分，非选择题计45分；试卷总分110分。考试时间100分钟； 2．考生应将答案全部答在答题卡上，注意答题卡相关要求。考试结束后，将答题卡收回。 第一部分（选择题，满分65分） 一、完形填空（本题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） Nowadays, more and more cartoons are about traditional Chinese stories. And with the help of these ___1___, children can know more about Chinese culture (文化). The story of Kong Rong is one of ___2___. One day, the family were going to enjoy some pears. Kong Rong’s father let him choose some pears for his brothers. He ___3___ chose the smallest one for himself. And then, he gave the rest of (剩余) the pears to his brothers. Some people thought Kong Rong was not so ___4___. Everyone wanted to choose the biggest one but he didn’t. His father saw this and was very happy. His father ___5___ and said, “Why do you take the smallest one?” Kong Rong answered, “I am young, ___6___ I take the smallest one. The bigger ones should be given to my elder brothers.” Someone asked, “Why not give the ___7___ one to your younger brother?” Kong Rong said, “I am older than him, so I should leave the bigger one for him.” His words made his father and other people ___8___. They never thought Kong Rong would say that. We can learn a ___9___ from Kong Rong’s story—we should learn to think of others. And we _____10_____ people to learn from Kong Rong. By following his example, we can create a more wonderful world. 1. A. novels B. cartoons C. subjects D. animals 2. A. me B. her C. them D. him 3. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth 4. A. happy B. tired C. shy D. smart 5. A. laughed B. played C. lied D. called 6. A. because B. but C. or D. so 7 A. farthest B. smallest C. softest D. sourest 8. A. sad B. afraid C. surprised D. brave 9. A. question B. lesson C. plan D. game 10. A. warn B. teach C. expect D. train 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了孔融让梨的故事。 【1题详解】 句意：借助这些卡通片，孩子们能更多地了解中国文化。 novels小说；cartoons卡通片；subjects科目；animals动物。根据“more and more cartoons are about traditional Chinese stories”可知，是借助“卡通片”让孩子了解文化，故选B。 【2题详解】 句意：孔融的故事就是它们中的一个。 me我；her她；them它们；him他。此处指代前面提到的“cartoons”，用“them”，故选C。 【3题详解】 句意：他首先给自己选了最小的一个。 first首先；second第二；third第三；fourth第四。根据“chose the smallest one for himself. And then, he gave the rest of the pears to his brothers”可知，先给自己选，再给哥哥们，故选A。 【4题详解】 句意：一些人认为孔融没那么聪明。 happy高兴的；tired累的；shy害羞的；smart聪明的。根据“Everyone wanted to choose the biggest one but he didn’t”可知，别人觉得他不选大梨是不“聪明”，故选D。 【5题详解】 句意：他的父亲笑着说。 laughed笑；played玩；lied撒谎；called称呼。根据“his father saw this and was very happy”可知，父亲高兴地“笑”了，故选A。 【6题详解】 句意：我年龄小，所以我拿最小的。 because因为；but但是；or或者；so所以。“I am young”是“I take the smallest one”的原因，用“so”连接结果，故选D。 【7题详解】 句意：为什么不把最小的给你弟弟？ farthest最远的；smallest最小的；softest最软的；sourest最酸的。与前文“the smallest one”呼应，此处问为什么不把“最小的”给弟弟，故选B。 【8题详解】 句意：他的话让他的父亲和其他人感到惊讶。 sad悲伤的；afraid害怕的；surprised惊讶的；brave勇敢的。根据“They never thought Kong Rong would say that”可知，他们感到“惊讶”，故选C。 【9题详解】 句意：我们能从孔融的故事中学到一个道理。 question问题；lesson道理、教训；plan计划；game游戏。“learn a lesson from...”表示“从……中学到道理”，故选B。 【10题详解】 句意：我们期望人们向孔融学习。 warn警告；teach教；expect期望；train训练。根据“people to learn from Kong Rong”可知，应该是期望向孔融学习，“expect sb. to do sth.”表示“期望某人做某事”，符合语境，故选C。 二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，计40分） 阅读下列短文，然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A Miss Green planned a class trip this year. On the day of the trip, all the students got on the bus early in the morning. They were excited. There was a tunnel (隧道) on the way. The bus had to pass through it. When they arrived at the tunnel, they saw a sign that said, “The tunnel is 5 meters high.” The bus was almost 5 meters high. Because the bus driver had passed through the tunnel many times before, he thought the bus would pass without any problem. However, this time, halfway through the tunnel, the bus got stuck (卡住) and couldn’t move. At that moment, a man passed by. “Last month, some workers paved (铺) this road, so the road level is a little higher now,” he said The students got off the bus. They tried to push (推) the bus, but it didn’t move. Then Tom said, “Why not let some air out of the tires (轮胎)?” Then the bus will be a little lower, and it will be able to pass through the tunnel safely. Everyone thought Tom’s advice was brilliant and followed it. The bus finally came out of the tunnel. It is the same in our life. We often get stuck and become unhappy because we want too many things. If we let go of some of them, it will be much easier for us to enjoy our life. 11. What do we know from Paragraph 1? A. How long the trip was. B. How the students went on the trip. C. What subject Miss Green teaches. D. What the students think of Miss Green. 12. Why did the bus get stuck? A. Because the driver didn’t see the sign. B. Because the driver made a wrong turn. C. Because the level of the road was higher D. Because there was something wrong with the tires 13. What does the underlined word “brilliant” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A. 奇怪的 B. 巧妙的 C. 类似的 D. 公平的 14. What does the writer want to tell us by writing the passage? A. Best things in life are free. B. Better late than never. C. Seeing is believing. D. Less is more. 15. What is the structure of the passage? (1= Paragraph 1. 2=Paragraph 2…) A. ①/②③④⑤ B. ①/②③④/⑤ C. ①②/③④⑤ D. ①②③④/⑤ 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了格林老师组织的班级旅行中，学生们乘坐的巴士因隧道高度问题被卡住，最终通过放掉轮胎部分空气降低车身高度顺利通过的故事，并引申出生活中“少即是多”的哲理。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“all the students got on the bus early in the morning”可知，学生是通过乘坐巴士去旅行的。故选B。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Last month, some workers paved (铺) this road, so the road level is a little higher now”可知，巴士被卡的原因是路面升高。故选C。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“followed it. The bus finally came out of the tunnel.”可知，大家遵循建议，最终巴士从隧道出来，说明建议很巧妙，所以划线部分的含义是“巧妙的”。故选B。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“If we let go of some of them, it will be much easier for us to enjoy our life.”可知，作者想传达“少即是多”的道理。故选D 【15题详解】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段到第四段叙述事件；第五段哲理升华。故选D。 B CHOKING FIRST AID Choking (噎住) on food can be dangerous sometimes. The Heimlich maneuver (海姆立克急救法) is a very useful way to save a person who is choking. And it’s easy to learn. 1．Stand behind the person. Put your arms around his waist (腰). 2．Make a fist (拳) with one hand. Put it a little higher than his navel (肚脐). 3．Hold the fist with the other hand. Pull the fist in and up quickly. 4．Do the steps over and over again until the food goes out. Please remember: 1．Call 120 first before doing the Heimlich maneuver. 2．The Heimlich maneuver can be done on adults and children over 1 year old, but it is not a good way for babies under 1 year old. 3．Do not do the Heimlich maneuver when a person is able to speak, cough or breathe. What should you do when a baby under 1 year old is choking? 1．Hold his face down. Make sure his head is lower than his body. 2．Use the hand to hit the baby on the back 5 times. 3．If that is not helpful, turn his face up, with the head lower than the body. 4．Use 2 fingers to do chest thrusts (胸部按压) 5 times. 5．Do the above steps over and over again until the food goes out. 16. When doing the Heimlich maneuver to save a student, where should you stand? A. Behind the student. B. In front of the student. C. On the left of the student. D. On the right of the student. 17. In which of the following situations should you do the Heimlich maneuver? A. Your friend, 16, is choking but can speak clearly. B. Your mother, 40, is choking but can breathe on her own. C. Your sister, 6 months old, is choking and cannot breathe. D. Your classmate, 15, is choking and cannot speak or breathe. 18. When you hit the baby on the back, what should you do? A. Turn a baby’s face up. B. Turn a baby’s face down. C. Turn a baby’s face left. D. Turn a baby’s face right. 19. How many fingers should you use when doing chest thrusts on a baby? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 20. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A personal dairy. B. A travel map. C. A medical magazine. D. A shopping list. 【答案】16 A 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了海姆立克急救法的操作步骤及适用场景，同时补充了针对1岁以下婴儿的窒息急救方法。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Stand behind the person.”可知，应该站在学生的后面。故选A。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Heimlich maneuver (海姆立克急救法) is a very useful way to save a person who is choking.”、“The Heimlich maneuver can be done on adults and children over 1 year old, but it is not a good way for babies under 1 year old.”及“Do not do the Heimlich maneuver when a person is able to speak, cough or breathe.”可知，海姆立克急救法是用于噎住的成年人或1岁以上的儿童，且不能说话、咳嗽或呼吸的情况下，因此15岁的同学噎住了且不能说话或呼吸符合海姆立克急救法。故选D。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Hold his face down. Make sure his head is lower than his body.”可知，拍背时应让婴儿面部朝下。故选B。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Use 2 fingers to do chest thrusts (胸部按压) 5 times.”可知，用两根手指进行胸部按压。故选A。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了海姆立克急救法的操作步骤及适用场景，同时补充了针对1岁以下婴儿的窒息急救方法，最可能出自医学杂志。故选C。 C Did you know that a seed (种子) can have its own “identity card (身份证)”? The “card” shows that the seed is at the national crop germplasm bank (国家作物种质库) in Beijing, known as China’s seed bank. A seed’s journey to the seed bank starts with a census (普查). China’s latest census of agricultural seeds started in 2021 and ended in January this year, reported CCTV News. Workers collected more than 139,000 new seeds from all over the country. They then arrived at the seed bank. When seeds first come in, they each get a number for their “physical examination” (检测). For example, workers put all kinds of Job’s tears (薏米) from different farms together. Then they put them into groups according to the seeds’ look or taste. Next, workers check the seeds to make sure they’re healthy and all the unhealthy ones are given up. A worker at the seed bank showed CCTV News a seed that had a large insect (虫子) inside it. “A seed like this should not be saved,” he said. With the bad seeds gone, researchers then test the good ones to see how likely they are to grow. The seed bank has a quick, smart way of doing this: Workers test the seeds and use the information they get to predict (预测) their growth. Workers dry and weigh the best seeds after several tests. Then, they’re stored in a super cold freezer (冰箱) at -18 ℃. China’s seed bank keeps all the seed information safe and helps people learn about them. This can help develop new plants that can grow better and deal well with hard environments, ensuring the food security (安全) of the country. 21. What is a census of agricultural seeds? A. Counting the number of seeds in an area. B. Examining the safety of the country’s seeds. C. Recording all of the seeds at the seed bank. D. Collecting as many different seeds as possible. 22. In the second step, seeds are put into groups according to their ________. A. birthplace B. weight C. look or taste D. growth 23. Which step is missing in the journey of a seed to the seed bank? A. collecting B. saving C. checking D. tasting 24. Why do workers test seeds before putting them into the seed bank? A. To pick healthy seeds. B. To predict seed growth. C. To test their temperature. D. To tell different seeds apart. 25. What is the main reason for building the seed bank? A. To protect our country’s food safety. B. To deal with problems caused by climate change. C. To know about future agricultural production. D. To learn the development of species. 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了种子是如何进入“种子银行”的以及“种子银行”对国家粮食安全的重要性。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Workers collected more than 139,000 new seeds from all over the country. They then arrived at the seed bank.”可推知“种子的普查”就是收集尽可能多的不同种子。故选D。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Then they put them into groups according to the seeds’ look or taste.”可知是依据种子的外观或味道。故选C。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Then they put them into groups…”、“Next, workers check the seeds…”和“researchers then test the good ones…”可知“grouping”和“testing”之间是“checking”。故选C。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据“…then test the good ones to see how likely they are to grow”可知研究人员会测试好的种子，看看它们生长的可能性有多大。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“China’s seed bank keeps all the seed information safe and helps people learn about them. This can help develop new plants that can grow better and deal well with hard environments, ensuring the food security (安全) of the country.”可知中国的种子银行保存着所有种子信息的安全，并帮助人们了解它们。这可以帮助开发新的植物，这些植物可以更好地生长并适应恶劣的环境，从而确保该国的粮食安全。故选A。 D Ne Zha 2 became a huge hit (热门) during the Spring Festival, breaking box-office records in China and even around the world. Its success is not just about money—it shows Chinese animated (动画) films are growing stronger and Chinese people are proud of our culture. It also teaches us how new ideas can make stories exciting. The movie retells a traditional Chinese story but in a modern way. Ne Zha, once just a character from old tales, becomes a hero who fights for himself. His famous line, “I decide my own fate (命运),” matches today’s values (价值) and shows his strong spirit. This proves (证明) old stories can stay important if we make them fresh. The film looks amazing with special effects (特效). Over 4,000 people worked on it, creating 1,900 special scenes. This shows China’s skill in animation and their hard work to make great films. New technology and creative ideas helped bring the story to life. Many Chinese animation companies worked together on Ne Zha 2. Each company did what it did best, like designing characters or making action scenes look real. This teamwork helps China’s animation industry (产业) grow and shows how collaboration can help all to success. The film’s popularity shows Chinese people love seeing their culture shared in creative ways. It also shows that adding new ideas to old stories can make them loved by everyone. In short, Ne Zha 2 is more than a movie—it is a big step for Chinese animation. It shares China’s culture with the world and shows confidence (信心) in its stories. By mixing tradition with new ideas, Chinese films can stay alive and inspire (启发) future generations. 26 What does Ne Zha’s line “I decide my own fate” show about him? A. He is not sure about his future. B. He is strong in mind, brave and never gives up. C. He needs others’ help to make decisions. D. He runs away from problems in life. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Ne Zha 2 is only successful because it has a lot of action scenes. B Old stories can’t be interesting to young people today. C. Teamwork plays an important role in making Ne Zha 2. D. Chinese animation will always face difficulties in the future. 28. What does underlined word “collaboration” mean in the passage? A. Working alone. B. Working together. C. Fighting with others. D. Asking questions. 29. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Ne Zha 2 shows how Chinese animation is growing and mixes tradition with new ideas. B. Chinese animated films are only successful during holidays. C. The film’s special effects are the most important part. D. Ne Zha 2 is just a movie about a traditional Chinese story. 30. What can we infer from the success of Ne Zha 2? A. Chinese animated films will stop using traditional stories. B. Future Chinese films might combine culture and creativity more often. C. Animation companies will no longer need teamwork. D. Foreign audiences prefer films without Chinese cultural elements. 【答案】26. B 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《哪吒2》在春节期间大获成功，打破票房纪录，展现了中国动画电影的崛起。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据“His famous line, ‘I decide my own fate (命运),’ matches today’s values (价值) and shows his strong spirit.”可知，哪吒“我命由我不由天”的台词体现了他意志坚强、勇敢且永不放弃的精神，故选B。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Many Chinese animation companies worked together on Ne Zha 2. Each company did what it did best, like designing characters or making action scenes look real. This teamwork helps China’s animation industry (产业) grow and shows how collaboration can help all to success.”可知，团队合作在《哪吒2》的制作中扮演了重要角色，故选C。 【28题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“Many Chinese animation companies worked together on Ne Zha 2.”及“This teamwork helps China’s animation industry grow and shows how collaboration can help all to success.”可知，多家中国动画公司合作制作了《哪吒2》，团队合作帮助中国动画产业发展，由此可推知“collaboration”意为“合作”，即“Working together”，故选B。 【29题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“In short, Ne Zha 2 is more than a movie—it is a big step for Chinese animation. It shares China’s culture with the world and shows confidence (信心) in its stories. By mixing tradition with new ideas, Chinese films can stay alive and inspire (启发) future generations.”及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述《哪吒2》展示了中国动画的发展以及如何将传统与新创意相结合，故选A。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据“It also shows that adding new ideas to old stories can make them loved by everyone.”及“By mixing tradition with new ideas, Chinese films can stay alive and inspire (启发) future generations.”可推断，未来的中国电影可能会更频繁地将文化与创意结合，故选B。 三、短文还原（共5空，每小题2分，计10分） 阅读短文，从短文下面的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中，使短文通顺完整衔接自然。 About three years ago, I felt very lonely. ____31____ My classmates didn’t want to talk with me and my parents were always saying that other kids were better than me. I thought I was the most unlucky person and-the worst children in the world. One day I got into a big fight with one of my classmates. ____32____ Just at that moment, a boy stood up and stopped the fight. He was the monitor of our class. ____33____ Whenever I got angry or sad he would help me to cool down. He was always there to help me when I was in difficult situations. My life began to change because of such a kind boy, my best friend. We spent a lot of interesting days together. As time goes by, I have become happier and happier with people and things. And it seems that people around me have changed, too. ____34____ But now, I can’t often see my best friend because he is seriously ill and is staying in hospital. I always remember the time when we spent together. How I miss him! ____35____ A. After that, he often helped me and we became good friends. B. My parents don’t shout at me any more and my classmates become friendly to me. C. I hope he will be all right and come back to school soon. D. I didn’t like my classmates, my parents or anyone. E. They got into great trouble at that time. F. I was so angry that I hit him in his face. 【答案】31. D 32. F 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者曾经感觉很孤单。一次和同学打架，班长出来阻止了打架。之后班长在各方面帮助作者，作者渐渐发生了很大的变化。但现在班长生病住在医院里，作者希望他快快好起来。 【31题详解】 根据上文“About three years ago, I felt very lonely.”及下文“My classmates didn’t want to talk with me and my parents were always saying that other kids were better than me.”可知，此空与同学和父母有关。选项D“我不喜欢我的同学，我的父母或任何人。”符合语境。故选D。 【32题详解】 根据下文“Just at that moment, a boy stood up and stopped the fight.”可知，此空与打架有关。选项F“我非常生气，打了他的脸。” 符合语境。故选F。 【33题详解】 根据下文“Whenever I got angry or sad he would help me to cool down. He was always there to help me when I was in difficult situations.”可知，此处是讲作者与班长的关系。选项A“在那之后，他经常帮助我，我们成了好朋友。”符合语境。故选A。 【34题详解】 根据上文“And it seems that people around me have changed, too.”可知，此空与周围人的改变有关。选项B“我的父母不再对我大喊大叫，我的同学也变得对我很友好。”符合语境。故选B。 【35题详解】 根据上文“But now, I can’t often see my best friend because he is seriously ill and is staying in hospital.”可知，此空与生病有关。选项C“我希望他快点好起来回到学校。”符合语境。故选C。 第二部分（非选择题，满分45分） 四、综合填空（共10空，每空1.5分，计15分） 运用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。 take, call, problem, mountain, animal, but, send, become, live, study, because Since the very beginning of space exploration, scientists have been sending animals into space. The US sent fruit flies in 1947 first. In 2007, a cockroach (蟑螂) named Hope ___36___ the first animal to have babies in space. Recently, NASA (美国国家航空航天局) ___37___ a group of unusual animals into space, including 5,000 tardigrades (水熊), also ___38___ water bears, as well as 128 squids (鱿鱼). These animals were sent to the International Space Station (ISS) ___39___ part in new experiments by NASA. As space can be a hard place to live, astronauts who go there experience a lot of different ___40___. These experiments will help us learn more about how ___41___ in space. But why were these ___42___ chosen? There are a few reasons. Tardigrades are very tiny animals that can live in extreme (极端的) environments, like in Antarctica, at the bottom of the oceans, and on top of tall ___43___, according to the BBC. By ___44___ these animals on the ISS, scientists will be able to see how they live in space. The squids are also being studied ____45____ they have immune (免疫的) systems that are like those of humans, according to USA Today. Studying them in space will give us new ideas about how spaceflight will have an influence on our own bodies. 【答案】36. became 37. has sent 38. called 39. to take 40. problems 41. to live 42. animals 43. mountains 44. studying 45. because 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了从太空探索初期至今，科学家将动物送入太空进行实验的情况。 【36题详解】 句意：2007年，一只名为“希望”的蟑螂成为第一只在太空繁殖的动物。根据“the first animal to have babies in space”可知，此处需表示“成为”的动作。结合所给单词，“become”意为“成为”，且句子时态为一般过去时，“become”的过去式为“became”。故填became。 【37题详解】 句意：最近，美国国家航空航天局将一群不寻常的动物送入太空。根据“Recently”及“into space”可知，动作发生在近期且对现在有影响，需用现在完成时。“send”意为“发送”，过去分词为sent，现在完成时结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语是“NASA”，故填has sent。 【38题详解】 句意：包括5000只水熊虫，也被称为“water bears”。根据“also...water bears”可知，此处是对“tardigrades”的别称说明。“call”意为“称呼”，此处用过去分词“called”作后置定语，表“被称为”。故填called。 【39题详解】 句意：这些动物被送往国际空间站，以参与NASA的新实验。根据“new experiments”可知，送动物到空间站的目的是参与实验。“take part in”意为“参与”，此处用动词不定式“to take”作目的状语。故填to take。 【40题详解】 句意：由于太空是一个难以生存的地方，前往那里的宇航员会经历许多不同的问题。根据“space can be a hard place to live”可知，太空环境艰难，宇航员会面临问题。“problem”意为“问题”，“a lot of different”后接可数名词复数，故填problems。 【41题详解】 句意：这些实验将帮助我们更多地了解如何在太空生存。根据“how...in space”可知，此处需表达“如何生存”。“live”意为“生存”，“how to do sth.”为固定结构，故填to live。 【42题详解】 句意：但为什么选择这些动物呢？根据上文提到的“tardigrades”和“squids”可知，此处指代这些动物。“animal”意为“动物”，“these”后接可数名词复数，故填animals。 【43题详解】 句意：水熊虫是非常微小的动物，可以在极端环境中生存，比如南极洲、海洋底部和高山顶部。根据“on top of tall...”可知，此处需表示“高山”。“mountain”意为“山”，用名词复数表示泛指，故填mountains。 【44题详解】 句意：通过在国际空间站研究这些动物，科学家将能够观察它们在太空中的生活情况。根据“scientists will be able to see how they live in space”可知，观察的前提是研究动物。“study”意为“研究”，“by”是介词，后接动名词，故填studying。 【45题详解】 句意：据《今日美国》报道，鱿鱼也在被研究，因为它们的免疫系统与人类相似。根据“they have immune systems that are like those of humans”可知，这是研究鱿鱼的原因。“because”意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句。故填because。 五、阅读表达（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容，按要求完成下列各题。 A driverless vehicle is a car, bus, van, or taxi that travels on the roads without a human driver. They can guide themselves, avoid obstacles (障碍物), and get from A to B without anybody in it. Driverless cars can go wherever a traditional car with a human driver goes. Driverless vehicles, also known as autonomous (自动化的) vehicles, robotic vehicles, and self-driving vehicles, can sense and get to know what is happening around them with the help of modern technology. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a computer software that makes smart machines think and act like humans. In this way, driverless cars can avoid obstacles and find the best road map for the vehicle. Levels of the Driving Automation Today, there are six main kinds of vehicles, from No Automation, Driver Support, Partial Automation, Conditional Automation, High Automation, to Full Automation. The sixth level, Full Automation, means a completely driverless vehicle that can drive in all situations completely on its own. Safety of the Driverless Cars Many people are scared about the thought of traveling in a car with no human driver. However, the artificial intelligence and sensors in a driverless vehicle do not get tired, angry, or sleepy. They do not make the trip dangerous because of high speed or drinking too much. Most experts agree that autonomous vehicles will become much safer than human drivers, especially when all the basic problems in the early period have been solved. With Driverless Cars, Traveling Will Be Relaxing Can you imagine what our roads will be like when all vehicles are driverless? They will be connected to a traffic control center with information about all the roads. The driverless vehicles will be able to make sure that traffic jams never happen. In this way, it will give you a comfortable trip. Humans will be able to read, write, watch movies, eat, play games, and even sleep in their cars. Many people say that there are many problems about driverless vehicle. Maybe human beings still have a long way to go to make the driverless vehicle much safer, more comfortable, and more enjoyable. 46. What is a driverless vehicle? ___________________________________________________________ 47. Which technology helps driverless cars find the best road map? ___________________________________________________________ 48. According to the passage, how many main kinds of vehicles? ___________________________________________________________ 49. What can people do in a driverless vehicle according to the passage? ___________________________________________________________ 50. Would you like to try a driverless vehicle? Why or why not? ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】46. A driverless vehicle is a car, truck, bus, van, or taxi that travels on the roads without a human driver. 47. Artificial intelligence./AI/Artificial intelligence (AI), a computer software. 48. Six./6. 49. Humans will be able to read, write, watch movies, eat, play games, and even sleep in their cars. 50. Yes. Driverless cars can reduce the traffic accidents caused by human drivers./No. I wouldn’t like to try a driverless vehicle. Although it has advantages, I’m still worried about its safety. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕无人驾驶汽车展开，介绍了其定义、借助的技术、驾驶自动化等级、安全性以及给出行带来的变化等内容。 【46题详解】 根据“A driverless vehicle is a car, bus, van, or taxi that travels on the roads without a human driver.”可知，无人驾驶汽车是无需人类司机就能在道路上行驶的汽车、公交车、货车或出租车。故填A driverless vehicle is a car, bus, van, or taxi that travels on the roads without a human driver. 【47题详解】 根据“Artificial intelligence (AI) is a computer software that makes smart machines think and act like humans. In this way, driverless cars can avoid obstacles and find the best road map for the vehicle.”可知，人工智能（AI）技术帮助无人驾驶汽车找到最佳路线。故填Artificial intelligence./AI/Artificial intelligence (AI), a computer software. 48题详解】 根据“Today, there are six main kinds of vehicles, from No Automation, Driver Support, Partial Automation, Conditional Automation, High Automation, to Full Automation.”可知，文中提到了六种主要的汽车类型。故填Six/6. 【49题详解】 根据“Humans will be able to read, write, watch movies, eat, play games, and even sleep in their cars.”可知，人们在无人驾驶汽车里可以阅读、写作、看电影、吃饭、玩游戏，甚至睡觉。故填Humans will be able to read, write, watch movies, eat, play games, and even sleep in their cars. 【50题详解】 本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，问的是你是否想尝试无人驾驶的汽车及原因。可根据自身想法作答，说明理由即可。示例：Yes. Driverless cars can reduce the traffic accidents caused by human drivers./No. I wouldn’t like to try a driverless vehicle. Although it has advantages, I’m still worried about its safety. 六、书面表达（共1题，计20分） 51. 学校英语报正在招聘记者，假如你是Mike，请根据表格中的信息给编辑社Diana写email，介绍你的情况： Hobby 1．play guitar… (2 years) 2．watch cartoons; favourite cartoon hero… Experience 1．study English… (5 years) 2．travel a lot; have been to… 3．enter many… competitions… Healthy life …… 要求： （1）词数：80词左右，短文标题和开头已给出，不计入总数。 （2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Diana, I’m Mike, a fourteen-year-old boy. I want to be a reporter for our school newspaper. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Mike 【答案】例文 Dear Diana, I’m Mike, a fourteen-year-old boy. I want to be a reporter for our school newspaper. Now, please allow me to introduce myself. I am good at playing the guitar. I have learnt it for two years. I also love watching cartoons. My favourite cartoon hero is Sun Wukong who is brave to fight against bad people. I have studied English for five years. I entered many English competitions and got good grades. I like traveling very much. I have been to Lijiang, Sanya, Xi’an and so on. I have many healthy living habits. I get up early so that I can do sports every day. I never eat junk food, so I am in good health. Look forward to your reply. Yours, Mike 【解析】 【详解】［总体分析］ ①题材：本文是一封电子邮件。 ②时态：主要使用“现在完成时”和“一般现在时”。 ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏题目要求中每一项内容，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 ［写作步骤］ 第一步，开头以自我介绍切入，直接说明想成为校报记者的愿望，引出下文对个人情况的介绍。 第二步，根据图表，从兴趣与特长、语言能力、生活阅历、健康习惯多方面介绍自己。 第三步，书写结语，表达对对方回复的期待。 ［亮点词汇］ ①reporter 记者 ②school newspaper 校报 ③be good at 擅长 ④cartoon hero 卡通英雄 ⑤brave 勇敢的 ⑥fight against 与……对抗 ⑦enter competitions 参加竞赛 ⑧get good grades 取得好成绩 ⑨healthy living habits 健康生活习惯 ⑩in good health 身体健康 ［高分句型］ ①My favourite cartoon hero is Sun Wukong who is brave to fight against bad people.（who引导的定语从句） ②I get up early so that I can do sports every day.（so that引导目的状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024—2025学年度第二学期期中质量检测八年级 英语试题 注意事项： 1．本试题共六个大题，有选择题和非选择题；选择题计65分，非选择题计45分；试卷总分110分。考试时间100分钟； 2．考生应将答案全部答在答题卡上，注意答题卡相关要求。考试结束后，将答题卡收回。 第一部分（选择题，满分65分） 一、完形填空（本题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） Nowadays, more and more cartoons are about traditional Chinese stories. And with the help of these ___1___, children can know more about Chinese culture (文化). The story of Kong Rong is one of ___2___. One day, the family were going to enjoy some pears. Kong Rong’s father let him choose some pears for his brothers. He ___3___ chose the smallest one for himself. And then, he gave the rest of (剩余) the pears to his brothers. Some people thought Kong Rong was not so ___4___. Everyone wanted to choose the biggest one but he didn’t. His father saw this and was very happy. His father ___5___ and said, “Why do you take the smallest one?” Kong Rong answered, “I am young, ___6___ I take the smallest one. The bigger ones should be given to my elder brothers.” Someone asked, “Why not give the ___7___ one to your younger brother?” Kong Rong said, “I am older than him, so I should leave the bigger one for him.” His words made his father and other people ___8___. They never thought Kong Rong would say that. We can learn a ___9___ from Kong Rong’s story—we should learn to think of others. And we _____10_____ people to learn from Kong Rong. By following his example, we can create a more wonderful world. 1. A. novels B. cartoons C. subjects D. animals 2. A. me B. her C. them D. him 3. A. first B. second C. third D. fourth 4. A. happy B. tired C. shy D. smart 5. A. laughed B. played C. lied D. called 6. A. because B. but C. or D. so 7. A. farthest B. smallest C. softest D. sourest 8. A. sad B. afraid C. surprised D. brave 9. A. question B. lesson C. plan D. game 10. A. warn B. teach C. expect D. train 二、阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，计40分） 阅读下列短文，然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A Miss Green planned a class trip this year. On the day of the trip, all the students got on the bus early in the morning. They were excited. There was a tunnel (隧道) on the way. The bus had to pass through it. When they arrived at the tunnel, they saw a sign that said, “The tunnel is 5 meters high.” The bus was almost 5 meters high. Because the bus driver had passed through the tunnel many times before, he thought the bus would pass without any problem. However, this time, halfway through the tunnel, the bus got stuck (卡住) and couldn’t move. At that moment, a man passed by. “Last month, some workers paved (铺) this road, so the road level is a little higher now,” he said The students got off the bus. They tried to push (推) the bus, but it didn’t move. Then Tom said, “Why not let some air out of the tires (轮胎)?” Then the bus will be a little lower, and it will be able to pass through the tunnel safely. Everyone thought Tom’s advice was brilliant and followed it. The bus finally came out of the tunnel. It is the same in our life. We often get stuck and become unhappy because we want too many things. If we let go of some of them, it will be much easier for us to enjoy our life. 11. What do we know from Paragraph 1? A. How long the trip was. B. How the students went on the trip. C. What subject Miss Green teaches. D. What the students think of Miss Green. 12. Why did the bus get stuck? A. Because the driver didn’t see the sign. B. Because the driver made a wrong turn. C. Because the level of the road was higher D. Because there was something wrong with the tires 13. What does the underlined word “brilliant” in Paragraph 4 mean in Chinese? A. 奇怪的 B. 巧妙的 C. 类似的 D. 公平的 14. What does the writer want to tell us by writing the passage? A. Best things in life are free. B. Better late than never. C. Seeing is believing. D. Less is more. 15. What is the structure of the passage? (1= Paragraph 1. 2=Paragraph 2…) A. ①/②③④⑤ B. ①/②③④/⑤ C. ①②/③④⑤ D. ①②③④/⑤ B CHOKING FIRST AID Choking (噎住) on food can be dangerous sometimes. The Heimlich maneuver (海姆立克急救法) is a very useful way to save a person who is choking. And it’s easy to learn. 1．Stand behind the person. Put your arms around his waist (腰). 2．Make a fist (拳) with one hand. Put it a little higher than his navel (肚脐). 3．Hold the fist with the other hand. Pull the fist in and up quickly. 4．Do the steps over and over again until the food goes out. Please remember: 1．Call 120 first before doing the Heimlich maneuver. 2．The Heimlich maneuver can be done on adults and children over 1 year old, but it is not a good way for babies under 1 year old. 3．Do not do the Heimlich maneuver when a person is able to speak, cough or breathe. What should you do when a baby under 1 year old is choking? 1．Hold his face down. Make sure his head is lower than his body. 2．Use the hand to hit the baby on the back 5 times. 3．If that is not helpful, turn his face up, with the head lower than the body. 4．Use 2 fingers to do chest thrusts (胸部按压) 5 times. 5．Do the above steps over and over again until the food goes out. 16. When doing the Heimlich maneuver to save a student, where should you stand? A. Behind the student. B. In front of the student. C. On the left of the student. D. On the right of the student. 17. In which of the following situations should you do the Heimlich maneuver? A. Your friend, 16, is choking but can speak clearly. B. Your mother, 40, is choking but can breathe on her own. C. Your sister, 6 months old, is choking and cannot breathe. D. Your classmate, 15, is choking and cannot speak or breathe. 18. When you hit the baby on the back, what should you do? A. Turn a baby’s face up. B. Turn a baby’s face down. C. Turn a baby’s face left. D. Turn a baby’s face right. 19. How many fingers should you use when doing chest thrusts on a baby? A Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 20. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A personal dairy. B. A travel map. C. A medical magazine. D. A shopping list. C Did you know that a seed (种子) can have its own “identity card (身份证)”? The “card” shows that the seed is at the national crop germplasm bank (国家作物种质库) in Beijing, known as China’s seed bank. A seed’s journey to the seed bank starts with a census (普查). China’s latest census of agricultural seeds started in 2021 and ended in January this year, reported CCTV News. Workers collected more than 139,000 new seeds from all over the country. They then arrived at the seed bank. When seeds first come in, they each get a number for their “physical examination” (检测). For example, workers put all kinds of Job’s tears (薏米) from different farms together. Then they put them into groups according to the seeds’ look or taste. Next, workers check the seeds to make sure they’re healthy and all the unhealthy ones are given up. A worker at the seed bank showed CCTV News a seed that had a large insect (虫子) inside it. “A seed like this should not be saved,” he said. With the bad seeds gone, researchers then test the good ones to see how likely they are to grow. The seed bank has a quick, smart way of doing this: Workers test the seeds and use the information they get to predict (预测) their growth. Workers dry and weigh the best seeds after several tests. Then, they’re stored in a super cold freezer (冰箱) at -18 ℃. China’s seed bank keeps all the seed information safe and helps people learn about them. This can help develop new plants that can grow better and deal well with hard environments, ensuring the food security (安全) of the country. 21. What is a census of agricultural seeds? A. Counting the number of seeds in an area. B. Examining the safety of the country’s seeds. C. Recording all of the seeds at the seed bank. D. Collecting as many different seeds as possible. 22. In the second step, seeds are put into groups according to their ________. A. birthplace B. weight C. look or taste D. growth 23. Which step is missing in the journey of a seed to the seed bank? A. collecting B. saving C. checking D. tasting 24. Why do workers test seeds before putting them into the seed bank? A. To pick healthy seeds. B. To predict seed growth. C. To test their temperature. D. To tell different seeds apart. 25. What is the main reason for building the seed bank? A. To protect our country’s food safety. B. To deal with problems caused by climate change. C. To know about future agricultural production. D. To learn the development of species. D Ne Zha 2 became a huge hit (热门) during the Spring Festival, breaking box-office records in China and even around the world. Its success is not just about money—it shows Chinese animated (动画) films are growing stronger and Chinese people are proud of our culture. It also teaches us how new ideas can make stories exciting. The movie retells a traditional Chinese story but in a modern way. Ne Zha, once just a character from old tales, becomes a hero who fights for himself. His famous line, “I decide my own fate (命运),” matches today’s values (价值) and shows his strong spirit. This proves (证明) old stories can stay important if we make them fresh. The film looks amazing with special effects (特效). Over 4,000 people worked on it, creating 1,900 special scenes. This shows China’s skill in animation and their hard work to make great films. New technology and creative ideas helped bring the story to life. Many Chinese animation companies worked together on Ne Zha 2. Each company did what it did best, like designing characters or making action scenes look real. This teamwork helps China’s animation industry (产业) grow and shows how collaboration can help all to success. The film’s popularity shows Chinese people love seeing their culture shared in creative ways. It also shows that adding new ideas to old stories can make them loved by everyone. In short, Ne Zha 2 is more than a movie—it is a big step for Chinese animation. It shares China’s culture with the world and shows confidence (信心) in its stories. By mixing tradition with new ideas, Chinese films can stay alive and inspire (启发) future generations. 26. What does Ne Zha’s line “I decide my own fate” show about him? A. He is not sure about his future. B. He is strong in mind, brave and never gives up. C. He needs others’ help to make decisions. D. He runs away from problems in life. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A Ne Zha 2 is only successful because it has a lot of action scenes. B. Old stories can’t be interesting to young people today. C. Teamwork plays an important role in making Ne Zha 2. D. Chinese animation will always face difficulties in the future. 28. What does underlined word “collaboration” mean in the passage? A Working alone. B. Working together. C. Fighting with others. D. Asking questions. 29. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Ne Zha 2 shows how Chinese animation is growing and mixes tradition with new ideas. B. Chinese animated films are only successful during holidays. C. The film’s special effects are the most important part. D. Ne Zha 2 is just a movie about a traditional Chinese story. 30. What can we infer from the success of Ne Zha 2? A. Chinese animated films will stop using traditional stories. B. Future Chinese films might combine culture and creativity more often. C. Animation companies will no longer need teamwork. D. Foreign audiences prefer films without Chinese cultural elements. 三、短文还原（共5空，每小题2分，计10分） 阅读短文，从短文下面的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中，使短文通顺完整衔接自然。 About three years ago, I felt very lonely. ____31____ My classmates didn’t want to talk with me and my parents were always saying that other kids were better than me. I thought I was the most unlucky person and-the worst children in the world. One day I got into a big fight with one of my classmates. ____32____ Just at that moment, a boy stood up and stopped the fight. He was the monitor of our class. ____33____ Whenever I got angry or sad he would help me to cool down. He was always there to help me when I was in difficult situations. My life began to change because of such a kind boy my best friend. We spent a lot of interesting days together. As time goes by, I have become happier and happier with people and things. And it seems that people around me have changed, too. ____34____ But now, I can’t often see my best friend because he is seriously ill and is staying in hospital. I always remember the time when we spent together. How I miss him! ____35____ A. After that, he often helped me and we became good friends. B. My parents don’t shout at me any more and my classmates become friendly to me. C. I hope he will be all right and come back to school soon. D. I didn’t like my classmates, my parents or anyone. E. They got into great trouble at that time. F. I was so angry that I hit him in his face. 第二部分（非选择题，满分45分） 四、综合填空（共10空，每空1.5分，计15分） 运用方框内所给单词的适当形式填空。 take, call, problem, mountain, animal, but, send, become, live, study, because Since the very beginning of space exploration, scientists have been sending animals into space. The US sent fruit flies in 1947 first. In 2007, a cockroach (蟑螂) named Hope ___36___ the first animal to have babies in space. Recently, NASA (美国国家航空航天局) ___37___ a group of unusual animals into space, including 5,000 tardigrades (水熊), also ___38___ water bears, as well as 128 squids (鱿鱼). These animals were sent to the International Space Station (ISS) ___39___ part in new experiments by NASA. As space can be a hard place to live, astronauts who go there experience a lot of different ___40___. These experiments will help us learn more about how ___41___ in space. But why were these ___42___ chosen? There are a few reasons. Tardigrades are very tiny animals that can live in extreme (极端) environments, like in Antarctica, at the bottom of the oceans, and on top of tall ___43___, according to the BBC. By ___44___ these animals on the ISS, scientists will be able to see how they live in space. The squids are also being studied ____45____ they have immune (免疫的) systems that are like those of humans, according to USA Today. Studying them in space will give us new ideas about how spaceflight will have an influence on our own bodies. 五、阅读表达（共5小题，每小题2分，计10分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容，按要求完成下列各题。 A driverless vehicle is a car, bus, van, or taxi that travels on the roads without a human driver. They can guide themselves, avoid obstacles (障碍物), and get from A to B without anybody in it. Driverless cars can go wherever a traditional car with a human driver goes. Driverless vehicles, also known as autonomous (自动化的) vehicles, robotic vehicles, and self-driving vehicles, can sense and get to know what is happening around them with the help of modern technology. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a computer software that makes smart machines think and act like humans. In this way, driverless cars can avoid obstacles and find the best road map for the vehicle. Levels of the Driving Automation Today, there are six main kinds of vehicles, from No Automation, Driver Support, Partial Automation, Conditional Automation, High Automation, to Full Automation. The sixth level, Full Automation, means a completely driverless vehicle that can drive in all situations completely on its own. Safety of the Driverless Cars Many people are scared about the thought of traveling in a car with no human driver. However, the artificial intelligence and sensors in a driverless vehicle do not get tired, angry, or sleepy. They do not make the trip dangerous because of high speed or drinking too much. Most experts agree that autonomous vehicles will become much safer than human drivers, especially when all the basic problems in the early period have been solved. With Driverless Cars, Traveling Will Be Relaxing Can you imagine what our roads will be like when all vehicles are driverless? They will be connected to a traffic control center with information about all the roads. The driverless vehicles will be able to make sure that traffic jams never happen. In this way, it will give you a comfortable trip. Humans will be able to read, write, watch movies, eat, play games, and even sleep in their cars. Many people say that there are many problems about driverless vehicle. Maybe human beings still have a long way to go to make the driverless vehicle much safer, more comfortable, and more enjoyable. 46. What is a driverless vehicle? ___________________________________________________________ 47. Which technology helps driverless cars find the best road map? ___________________________________________________________ 48. According to the passage, how many main kinds of vehicles? ___________________________________________________________ 49. What can people do in a driverless vehicle according to the passage? ___________________________________________________________ 50. Would you like to try a driverless vehicle? Why or why not? ___________________________________________________________ 六、书面表达（共1题，计20分） 51. 学校英语报正在招聘记者，假如你是Mike，请根据表格中的信息给编辑社Diana写email，介绍你的情况： Hobby 1．play guitar… (2 years) 2．watch cartoons; favourite cartoon hero… Experience 1．study English… (5 years) 2．travel a lot; have been to… 3．enter many… competitions… Healthy life …… 要求： （1）词数：80词左右，短文标题和开头已给出，不计入总数。 （2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Diana, I’m Mike, a fourteen-year-old boy. I want to be a reporter for our school newspaper. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Mike 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$