Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 反义疑问句（单元核心语法精练）英语人教版2019必修第一册

Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 核心语法精练（反义疑问句） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、完成句子 3 二、选词填空 4 三、用附加疑问句完成下列对话 5 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 6 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 6 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 7 反义疑问句（Tag Questions）是英语中非常常用且富有表现力的一种句式，用来确认信息、寻求同意或表示强调。其结构特点是：陈述句 + 简短的附加疑问部分。附加疑问部分由助动词/情态动词/系动词 + 代词构成，其形式和时态通常与陈述句的主谓部分相反（即前肯后否，前否后肯）。 核心结构： 陈述句（肯定或否定） + , + 助动词/情态动词/系动词（与陈述句相反形式） + 代词（指代陈述句主语） + ? 基本规则： 1. 前肯后否： 如果陈述句是肯定的，附加疑问部分用否定形式。 You are a student, aren't you? (你是学生，对吧？) She likes coffee, doesn't she? (她喜欢咖啡，是吗？) They will come, won't they? (他们会来，对吗？) 2. 前否后肯： 如果陈述句是否定的（包含否定词如 not, never, hardly, seldom, rarely, little, few, nobody, nothing 等），附加疑问部分用肯定形式。 You aren't tired, are you? (你不累，对吧？) He never smokes, does he? (他从不抽烟，是吗？) There is little water left, is there? (几乎没水剩下了，对吧？) Nobody called, did they? (没人打电话来，对吗？) (注意：nobody, nothing 等不定代词视为否定，且附加疑问部分代词通常用 they) 3. 时态一致： 附加疑问部分的助动词/情态动词/系动词必须与陈述句谓语动词的时态和形式保持一致。 You have finished, haven't you? (现在完成时) She was working, wasn't she? (过去进行时) He can swim, can't he? (情态动词 can) They used to live here, didn't they? / usedn't they? (used to 的附加疑问常用 didn't they) 特殊规则与难点： 1. I am... 的附加疑问： 陈述句是 I am... 时，附加疑问部分标准形式是 aren't I? (因为 amn't I? 不是标准形式)。 I'm late, aren't I? (我迟到了，对吧？) I'm not invited, am I? (我没被邀请，对吧？) (前否后肯) 2. 祈使句的附加疑问： 表示建议、邀请或请求（较委婉）： 常用 will you? / won't you? / would you? / can you? / could you? Open the window, will you? (打开窗户，好吗？) (较直接) Have a seat, won't you? (请坐，好吗？) (较客气邀请) Pass me the salt, could you? (把盐递给我，好吗？) (较客气请求) 表示“让我们...” (Let's...)： 用 shall we? Let's go for a walk, shall we? (我们去散步吧，好吗？) 表示“让我/他...” (Let me/him...)： 用 will you? / won't you? Let me help you, will you? (让我帮你吧，好吗？) 3. 含有否定词的句子： 如前所述，句子中含有 never, no, hardly, scarcely, barely, seldom, rarely, little, few, nothing, nobody, nowhere 等词时，句子视为否定句，附加疑问部分用肯定形式。 You never listen, do you? (你从来不听，是吧？) He hardly eats anything, does he? (他几乎不吃东西，是吗？) There are few options, are there? (没几个选择，对吧？) 4. 复合句的附加疑问： 通常附加疑问部分的主语和助动词与主句的主谓保持一致。 He said (that) he was coming, didn't he? (他说他要来，对吧？) (与主句 He said 保持一致) You don't know where she is, do you? (你不知道她在哪，对吧？) (与主句 You don't know 保持一致) 5. There be 句型： 附加疑问部分用 there 作主语，助动词与 be 动词或情态动词保持一致。 There is a problem, isn't there? (有个问题，对吧？) There will be a meeting, won't there? (会有个会议，对吧？) There used to be a park here, didn't there? (这里曾经有个公园，对吧？) 6. 不定代词作主语： Everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, no one, nobody：附加疑问部分的主语通常用 they (口语中非常普遍)。 Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (每个人都知道答案，对吧？) Nobody came, did they? (没人来，对吧？) Everything, something, anything, nothing：附加疑问部分的主语用 it。 Everything is ready, isn't it? (一切都准备好了，对吧？) Nothing matters, does it? (什么都不重要了，对吧？) 7. 情态动词的特殊情况： have to： 附加疑问部分常用 do 的相应形式。 You have to leave now, don't you? (你现在必须走了，对吧？) ought to： 附加疑问部分常用 should (英式) 或 ought (较少用)。 We ought to help, shouldn't we? / oughtn't we? (我们应该帮忙，对吧？) used to： 附加疑问部分常用 did。 She used to live here, didn't she? (她过去住在这里，对吧？) must： 表示义务/必须：附加疑问部分常用 mustn't 或 needn't。 You must go now, mustn't you? (你现在必须走，对吧？) (强调必须) I must pay the fee, needn't I? (我必须付钱，对吧？) (较常用 needn't 表示“没必要吗？” 但意思可能有点微妙) 表示推测（一定）：附加疑问部分根据推测的时态和动词选择助动词。 He must be tired, isn't he? (他一定累了，对吧？) (推测现在状态：He is tired, isn't he?) You must have seen him, didn't you? (你当时一定见到他了，对吧？) (推测过去动作：You saw him, didn't you?) She must have been here yesterday, wasn't she? (她昨天一定在这里，对吧？) (推测过去状态：She was here yesterday, wasn't she?) 语调与含义： 降调（↘）： 说话人预期对方同意自己的看法，相当于中文的“对吧？”、“是吧？”。这是最常见的用法。 It's a lovely day, isn't it? (↘) (天气真好，对吧？) (说话人认为天气好，并期待对方同意) 升调（↗）： 说话人不确定信息是否正确，真正在询问信息，相当于中文的“是吗？”、“真的吗？”。 You haven't seen my keys, have you? (↗) (你没看到我的钥匙吧，是吗？) (说话人不确定，在询问) 一、完成句子 1．There are many sports clubs, ?(反意疑问句) 2．He can’t play basketball, ?  (反意疑问句) 3．They will win the match, ? (反意疑问句) 4．She hasn’t watched the game, ?(反意疑问句) 5．Let’s join the marathon, ?(反意疑问句) 6．It's a fine day. Let's go fishing, ？（根据句意，完成附加疑问句） 7．The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ？（根据句意，完成附加疑问句） 8．If you had come yesterday, you might have seen him, ？（根据句意，完成附加疑问句） 9．I want to do nothing, because there is little point in doing anything about it, ？（根据句意，完成附加疑问句） 10．When the teacher speaks, we have to keep quiet, ？（根据句意，完成附加疑问句） 11．His wife had the front door painted green yesterday, ？（根据句意，完成附加疑问句） 12．Don't smoke in the meeting room, ?（根据句意，完成附加疑问句） 13．Oh, I don’t have to come here every day, ? (完成附加疑问句) 14．OK, but it won’t make me too tired, ? (完成附加疑问句) 15．You’ve lost some weight, ?(完成附加疑问句) 16．This isn’t your first time here, ?(完成附加疑问句) 17．She is a very popular athlete among the young students, ?(附加疑问句) 18．Neither Mary nor Janet could make sense of the long sentence , ? (附加疑问句) 19．He was designing his travel plan this time yesterday, ? (附加疑问句) 20．The statue has stood there for thirty years, ? (附加疑问句) 二、选词填空 1．Everyone knows the answer, they? (do/don’t) 2．My father had to work very late when he was young, he? (hadn’t/didn’t) 3．Looking good is important to women, isn’t ? (this/it) 4．There were many people in the room then, weren’t ? (there/they) 5．The thief must have entered through the back door, he? (mustn’t /didn’t) 6．They all had a good time there, they? (hadn’t /didn’t) 7．He must do the job, he? (mustn’t /doesn’t) 8．Don’t open the door , you? (will/do) 9．It is impossible for him to make such a mistake, it? (is/ isn’t) 10．You’ve lived in Hollywood for many years, you? (haven’t/have) 三、用附加疑问句完成下列对话 Dave: There is something wrong, 1 ? Mike: Yes. My car is having some problems. Dave: You want me to take a look, 2 ? Mike: No, thank you. I think I can handle it. Dave: Well, if you change your mind, let me know, 3 ? Mike: Yes, I will. Thanks. I might need some tools though. You know where I can get some, 4 ? Dave: Sure. I have all kinds of tools. Just ask. I’ll be happy to get them for you. Mike: Thanks. That would be very helpful, 5 ? 题型一 语法填空 （24-25高一上·福建莆田·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the field of sports, there are some famous living legends, such as Lang Ping and Michael Jordan. As a player, Lang Ping 1 (bring) not only honor but also glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to golds at the world championships as well as the Olympic Games. As a person, she 2 (love) by fans at home and abroad. Before the 2015 World Cup, she faced a great challenge. That was because one of the best 3 (player) had been injured and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. 4 , Lang Ping didn’t lose heart and she led her volleyball team 5 (win) the championship. 6 (know) as “Air Jordan”, Jordan changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were 7 (impress), but the mental strength he showed made him unique. The secret 8 his success is learning from his 9 (fail). In life, Jordan has learnt to share his success with others. The Boys and Girls Club, 10 he started in Chicago, has been helping young people since 1996. （24-25高一上·江苏常州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Qigong is commonly considered mysterious and philosophical. It 1 (practise) in China for thousands of years. Deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture, it is also regarded 2 a part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is said that the Qi flows through all the Yin and Yang organs(器官). A lack of Qi in any organ means the organ is out of balance. A peaceful state of mind has to 3 (seek) and one should live in peace with his or her environments to maintain good health. Qigong is 4 art connected to the body and mind that helps prevent disease and cures illnesses, making life more pleasant. As is widely recognized, Qigong 5 (smooth) the process of carrying oxygen to cells and improves body functions. Good for treating mental disabilities and stress, the Qigong exercises bring one to a state of relaxation 6   pressure and anxiety are driven away and positive thinking with great confidence is increased. In this state, 7 (concentrate) can also be achieved easily. 8 Qigong may not be magical in treating acute (紧急的) illnesses or medical emergencies, it is ideal for preventing some diseases 9 treating certain chronic (长期的) conditions or disabilities. Increasingly, Qigong 10 (recommend) to more and more people now, including foreigners. It will certainly do more contribution to the world. 题型二 阅读理解 （24-25高一上·云南·期中）Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are in the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your choice of sports might have great influence on the environment. Some sports are resource-hungryz (资源饥渴). Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses in good condition. This causes major environment effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas. There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you can take up today. You don't need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don't have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control. Whatever sports you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials.But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centres. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces.There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it's free. 1．Which of the following does the author most probably like？ A．Cycling around a lake. B．Driving a car on the street. C．Playing basketball in a gym. D．Swimming in a sports centre. 2．What do you know about golf from Paragraph 2？ A．It is unpopular in Portugal and Spain. B．It causes water shortage around the world. C．It protects the earth from chemicals and waste. D．It needs water and energy to keep its courses green. 3．What does the underlined word “them” in the Paragraph 3 refer to？ A．Resource-hungry sports. B．Outdoors sports. C．Environment-friendly sports. D．Indoors sports. 4．The author writes the passage to__________ . A．show us the function of major sports B．encourage us to go in for green sports C．discuss the major influence of popular sports D．introduce different types of environment-friendly sports （24-25高一上·江苏常州·期末）A sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle eventually does harm to health but breaking out of long inactivity can be discouraging. Now, however, there may be a simple way to ease into more activity. A recent study suggests that short bouts (一阵) of intense (高强度的) activity every day — climbing stairs, carrying a heavy load of things, or stepping up the pace of housework — can provide great health benefits. “It’s quite simple, but it’s not an idea that’s out there,” says University of Sydney exercise scientist Emmanuel Stamatakis who led the research. “Many people, including many health professionals, still think of physical activity as something that you do during your free time, and you need to go somewhere to do it.” Stamatakis and his colleagues, on the other hand, wanted to understand if daily life activities done somewhat vigorously in short bouts could also provide health benefits compared to a sedentary or less active lifestyle. To study this, his team used data from nearly 25, 000 adults who were non-exercisers. Without these data, it was almost impossible to continue the study. Over the course of seven days, they used machine learning tools to determine whether a person was either sedentary, standing, walking, or doing intense activities like running during repeated 10-second windows. The researchers also divided any movement into light, middle, or high intensity. Then, for the next seven years, they recorded which study participants died and what caused the death. The team found that people who did at least four one-to-two-minute high intensity physical activities every day had a nearly 40 percent less risk of dying from cancer and a roughly 49 percent ower chance of dying from a cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. More bouts of such strong activity meant greater protection from death risks, Stamatakis says, “The more, the better.” 1．What did the recent study find? A．An inactive lifestyle is harmful but hard to change. B．More physical exercises can make you more active. C．Doing daily housework is also a kind of exercise. D．Daily short but intense activities do good to health. 2．What does the underlined word “vigorously” most probably mean? A．Energetically. B．Continuously. C．Frequently. D．Creatively. 3．Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 5? A．Research purposes. B．Research limitations. C．Research findings. D．Research methods. 4．What would Stamatakis suggest? A．Going to exercise at fixed time and place. B．Avoiding movement of light intensity. C．Doing only 8 minutes intense activity every day. D．Carrying out more short bouts of intense activity. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 核心语法精练（反义疑问句） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 3 一、完成句子 3 二、选词填空 5 三、用附加疑问句完成下列对话 7 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 9 题型一 语法填空（模考真题） 9 题型二 阅读理解（模考真题） 12 反义疑问句（Tag Questions）是英语中非常常用且富有表现力的一种句式，用来确认信息、寻求同意或表示强调。其结构特点是：陈述句 + 简短的附加疑问部分。附加疑问部分由助动词/情态动词/系动词 + 代词构成，其形式和时态通常与陈述句的主谓部分相反（即前肯后否，前否后肯）。 核心结构： 陈述句（肯定或否定） + , + 助动词/情态动词/系动词（与陈述句相反形式） + 代词（指代陈述句主语） + ? 基本规则： 1. 前肯后否： 如果陈述句是肯定的，附加疑问部分用否定形式。 You are a student, aren't you? (你是学生，对吧？) She likes coffee, doesn't she? (她喜欢咖啡，是吗？) They will come, won't they? (他们会来，对吗？) 2. 前否后肯： 如果陈述句是否定的（包含否定词如 not, never, hardly, seldom, rarely, little, few, nobody, nothing 等），附加疑问部分用肯定形式。 You aren't tired, are you? (你不累，对吧？) He never smokes, does he? (他从不抽烟，是吗？) There is little water left, is there? (几乎没水剩下了，对吧？) Nobody called, did they? (没人打电话来，对吗？) (注意：nobody, nothing 等不定代词视为否定，且附加疑问部分代词通常用 they) 3. 时态一致： 附加疑问部分的助动词/情态动词/系动词必须与陈述句谓语动词的时态和形式保持一致。 You have finished, haven't you? (现在完成时) She was working, wasn't she? (过去进行时) He can swim, can't he? (情态动词 can) They used to live here, didn't they? / usedn't they? (used to 的附加疑问常用 didn't they) 特殊规则与难点： 1. I am... 的附加疑问： 陈述句是 I am... 时，附加疑问部分标准形式是 aren't I? (因为 amn't I? 不是标准形式)。 I'm late, aren't I? (我迟到了，对吧？) I'm not invited, am I? (我没被邀请，对吧？) (前否后肯) 2. 祈使句的附加疑问： 表示建议、邀请或请求（较委婉）： 常用 will you? / won't you? / would you? / can you? / could you? Open the window, will you? (打开窗户，好吗？) (较直接) Have a seat, won't you? (请坐，好吗？) (较客气邀请) Pass me the salt, could you? (把盐递给我，好吗？) (较客气请求) 表示“让我们...” (Let's...)： 用 shall we? Let's go for a walk, shall we? (我们去散步吧，好吗？) 表示“让我/他...” (Let me/him...)： 用 will you? / won't you? Let me help you, will you? (让我帮你吧，好吗？) 3. 含有否定词的句子： 如前所述，句子中含有 never, no, hardly, scarcely, barely, seldom, rarely, little, few, nothing, nobody, nowhere 等词时，句子视为否定句，附加疑问部分用肯定形式。 You never listen, do you? (你从来不听，是吧？) He hardly eats anything, does he? (他几乎不吃东西，是吗？) There are few options, are there? (没几个选择，对吧？) 4. 复合句的附加疑问： 通常附加疑问部分的主语和助动词与主句的主谓保持一致。 He said (that) he was coming, didn't he? (他说他要来，对吧？) (与主句 He said 保持一致) You don't know where she is, do you? (你不知道她在哪，对吧？) (与主句 You don't know 保持一致) 5. There be 句型： 附加疑问部分用 there 作主语，助动词与 be 动词或情态动词保持一致。 There is a problem, isn't there? (有个问题，对吧？) There will be a meeting, won't there? (会有个会议，对吧？) There used to be a park here, didn't there? (这里曾经有个公园，对吧？) 6. 不定代词作主语： Everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, no one, nobody：附加疑问部分的主语通常用 they (口语中非常普遍)。 Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (每个人都知道答案，对吧？) Nobody came, did they? (没人来，对吧？) Everything, something, anything, nothing：附加疑问部分的主语用 it。 Everything is ready, isn't it? (一切都准备好了，对吧？) Nothing matters, does it? (什么都不重要了，对吧？) 7. 情态动词的特殊情况： have to： 附加疑问部分常用 do 的相应形式。 You have to leave now, don't you? (你现在必须走了，对吧？) ought to： 附加疑问部分常用 should (英式) 或 ought (较少用)。 We ought to help, shouldn't we? / oughtn't we? (我们应该帮忙，对吧？) used to： 附加疑问部分常用 did。 She used to live here, didn't she? (她过去住在这里，对吧？) must： 表示义务/必须：附加疑问部分常用 mustn't 或 needn't。 You must go now, mustn't you? (你现在必须走，对吧？) (强调必须) I must pay the fee, needn't I? (我必须付钱，对吧？) (较常用 needn't 表示“没必要吗？” 但意思可能有点微妙) 表示推测（一定）：附加疑问部分根据推测的时态和动词选择助动词。 He must be tired, isn't he? (他一定累了，对吧？) (推测现在状态：He is tired, isn't he?) You must have seen him, didn't you? (你当时一定见到他了，对吧？) (推测过去动作：You saw him, didn't you?) She must have been here yesterday, wasn't she? (她昨天一定在这里，对吧？) (推测过去状态：She was here yesterday, wasn't she?) 语调与含义： 降调（↘）： 说话人预期对方同意自己的看法，相当于中文的“对吧？”、“是吧？”。这是最常见的用法。 It's a lovely day, isn't it? (↘) (天气真好，对吧？) (说话人认为天气好，并期待对方同意) 升调（↗）： 说话人不确定信息是否正确，真正在询问信息，相当于中文的“是吗？”、“真的吗？”。 You haven't seen my keys, have you? (↗) (你没看到我的钥匙吧，是吗？) (说话人不确定，在询问) 一、完成句子 1．There are many sports clubs, ?(反意疑问句) 【答案】aren’t there 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：这里有很多运动俱乐部，对吗？陈述部分为There (Here)+be+主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here)? 形式。此处前文为肯定形式，疑问句部分用否定形式。故填aren’t there。 2．He can’t play basketball, ?  (反意疑问句) 【答案】can he 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：他不会打篮球，是吗？根据反意疑问句的规则“前否后肯，前肯后否”可知，前半句为否定句，所以反意疑问句部分应用肯定形式，前半句的谓语动词为can’t play，所以反意疑问句部分应用can he。故填can he。 3．They will win the match, ? (反意疑问句) 【答案】won’t they 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：他们将会赢得这场比赛，不是吗？本句陈述部分主句为“They will win the match”，其中主语是They，谓语是will win，所以疑问部分的主语用they，谓语用will的否定形式won’t。故答案是won’t they。 4．She hasn’t watched the game, ?(反意疑问句) 【答案】has she 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：她没有看比赛，是吗？反意疑问句由“陈述句 + 简短疑问句” 两部分组成。如果陈述句是肯定句，简短疑问句用否定形式；如果陈述句是否定句，简短疑问句用肯定形式。并且简短疑问句的助动词、be 动词或情态动词要与陈述句中的保持一致，主语要用人称代词主格（代替陈述句中的主语）。分析本题的陈述句 “She hasn’t watched the game”：这是一个现在完成时的否定句，助动词是“hasn’t”，主语是“she”。根据反意疑问句的构成规则，因为陈述句是否定句，所以简短疑问句要用肯定形式，助动词用“has”，主语用“she”，即“has she”。故填has she。 5．Let’s join the marathon, ?(反意疑问句) 【答案】shall we 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：让我们参加马拉松吧，好吗？当陈述句部分是以“Let’s + 动词原形”开头的祈使句时，表示邀请对方一起做某事，反意疑问句部分要用shall we，用于征求对方的意见或确认共同的行动。故填shall we。 6．It's a fine day. Let's go fishing, ？（根据句意，完成附加疑问句） 【答案】shall we 7．The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ？（根据句意，完成附加疑问句） 【答案】didn't it 8．If you had come yesterday, you might have seen him, ？（根据句意，完成附加疑问句） 【答案】mightn't you 9．I want to do nothing, because there is little point in doing anything about it, ？（根据句意，完成附加疑问句） 【答案】is there 10．When the teacher speaks, we have to keep quiet, ？（根据句意，完成附加疑问句） 【答案】don't we 11．His wife had the front door painted green yesterday, ？（根据句意，完成附加疑问句） 【答案】didn't she 12．Don't smoke in the meeting room, ?（根据句意，完成附加疑问句） 【答案】will you 13．Oh, I don’t have to come here every day, ? (完成附加疑问句) 【答案】do I 【详解】考查附加疑问句。句意：哦，我不必每天都来这里，是吗？英语中，反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。反意疑问句遵循前肯后否，前否后肯的原则。本句前部分是否定句，附加疑问句部分应用肯定形式，主语是I, 助动词是do, 故用do I。故填do I。 14．OK, but it won’t make me too tired, ? (完成附加疑问句) 【答案】will it 【详解】考查附加疑问句。句意：好吧，但它不会让我太累，对吧？反意疑问句的陈述部分it won’t…是否定的，附加疑问句应用肯定形式will it。故填will it。 15．You’ve lost some weight, ?(完成附加疑问句) 【答案】haven’t you 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：你瘦了一些，不是吗？反意疑问句遵循前肯后否的原则，陈述部分是现在完成时，助动词为have，故附加疑问部分用haven’t you。故填haven’t you。 16．This isn’t your first time here, ?(完成附加疑问句) 【答案】is it 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：这不是你第一次来这里，是吗？反意疑问句中，问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即：肯定+否定，否定+肯定。反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称和时态应该保持一致。根据句意及所给句子可知，后面使用is it进行反问。故填is it。 17．She is a very popular athlete among the young students, ?(附加疑问句) 【答案】isn’t she 【详解】考查附加疑问句。句意：她是年轻学生中很受欢迎的运动员，不是吗？附加疑问句的特点是：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致，前面肯定，后面就用否定，前面否定，则后面用肯定。前面是is的肯定句，故填isn’t she。 18．Neither Mary nor Janet could make sense of the long sentence , ? (附加疑问句) 【答案】could they 【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意：玛丽和珍妮特都听不懂这个长句子，是吗?分析句式结构可知，本句是反意疑问句，因为主句中的Neither…nor表否定意义，所以用肯定形式反问，又因为有could所以用could+主语进行反问。故答案为could they。 19．He was designing his travel plan this time yesterday, ? (附加疑问句) 【答案】wasn’t he 【详解】考查附加疑问句。句意：附加疑问句的特点是：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致，前面肯定，后面就用否定，前面否定，则后面用肯定。前面为过去进行时的肯定句，故填wasn’t he。 20．The statue has stood there for thirty years, ? (附加疑问句) 【答案】hasn’t it 【详解】考查附加疑问句。句意：这座雕像已经矗立在那里三十年了，不是吗？附加疑问句的特点是：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致，前面肯定，后面就用否定，前面否定，则后面用肯定。前面是现在完成时第三人称单数的肯定句，故填hasn’t it。 二、选词填空 1．Everyone knows the answer, they? (do/don’t) 2．My father had to work very late when he was young, he? (hadn’t/didn’t) 3．Looking good is important to women, isn’t ? (this/it) 4．There were many people in the room then, weren’t ? (there/they) 5．The thief must have entered through the back door, he? (mustn’t /didn’t) 6．They all had a good time there, they? (hadn’t /didn’t) 7．He must do the job, he? (mustn’t /doesn’t) 8．Don’t open the door , you? (will/do) 9．It is impossible for him to make such a mistake, it? (is/ isn’t) 10．You’ve lived in Hollywood for many years, you? (haven’t/have) 【答案】 1．don’t 2．didn’t 3．it 4．there 5．didn’t 6．didn’t 7．mustn’t 8．will 9．isn’t 10．haven’t 【详解】1.考查反意疑问句。句意：每个人都知道答案，不是吗?句末为反意疑问句，遵循前肯后否的原则，前面是肯定句，因此反义疑问句为否定句，因此空格处填don’t，故填don’t。 2.考查反意疑问句。句意：我父亲年轻的时候不得不工作到很晚，是吗?句末为反意疑问句，遵循前肯后否的原则，且时态与前面句子一致，由前面的had为过去式可知，句子时态是一般过去时，因此空格处填didn’t，故填didn’t。 3.考查反意疑问句。句意：漂亮的外表对女人来说很重要，不是吗？Looking good is important to women（漂亮的外表对女人来说很重要）是一个客观事实，对其的反意疑问句用it，指代这个事实，因此空格处用it，故填it。 4.考查反意疑问句。句意：当时房间里有很多人，不是吗? 句末为反意疑问句，前面为there be句型，其后的反意疑问句也用there，故填there。 5.考查反意疑问句。句意：小偷一定是从后门进来的，是吗? must have done意为“一定做过某事”，是对过去情况的推测，因此反意疑问句中用一般过去时，因此空格处用didn’t，故填didn’t。 6.考查反意疑问句。句意：他们在那里都玩得很开心，不是吗?由前面的had是过去式可知，句子时态是一般过去时，反意疑问句用didn’t。故填didn’t。 7.考查反意疑问句。句意：他必须做这项工作，不是吗?句末为反意疑问句，遵循前肯后否的原则，前面为must，反意疑问句中用mustn’t。故填mustn’t。 8.考查反意疑问句。句意：不要开门，好吗? Don’t open the door为祈使句，其后的反意疑问句用will/won’t+主语，且遵循前肯后否的原则，因此空格处用will，故填will。 9.考查反意疑问句。句意：他不可能犯这样的错误，不是吗? 句末为反意疑问句，遵循前肯后否的原则，前面为It is，因此空格处为isn’t，故填isn’t。 10.考查反意疑问句。句意：你在好莱坞住了好多年了，是吗? 句末为反意疑问句，遵循前肯后否的原则，前面为You’ve，即You have，为肯定形式，因此空格处用否定，即haven’t，故填haven’t。 三、用附加疑问句完成下列对话 Dave: There is something wrong, 1 ? Mike: Yes. My car is having some problems. Dave: You want me to take a look, 2 ? Mike: No, thank you. I think I can handle it. Dave: Well, if you change your mind, let me know, 3 ? Mike: Yes, I will. Thanks. I might need some tools though. You know where I can get some, 4 ? Dave: Sure. I have all kinds of tools. Just ask. I’ll be happy to get them for you. Mike: Thanks. That would be very helpful, 5 ? 【答案】1．isn’t there 2．don’t you 3．will you/won’t you 4．don’t you 5．wouldn’t it 【解析】1．考查反意疑问句。句意：有点不对劲，是吗？反义疑问句的基本形式常见的反义疑问句分为前肯后否和前否后肯两种形式。前句为there is。故填isn’t there。 2．考查反意疑问句。句意：你想让我看看，是吗？前句为You want。故填don’t you。 3．考查反意疑问句。句意：嗯，如果你改变主意了，告诉我，好吗？前句为let me know。故填will you/won’t you。 4．考查反意疑问句。句意：你知道哪里能买到，对吧？前句为You know。故填don’t you。 5．考查反意疑问句。句意：那就太有帮助了，不是吗？前句为That would。故填wouldn’t it。 题型一 语法填空 （24-25高一上·福建莆田·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the field of sports, there are some famous living legends, such as Lang Ping and Michael Jordan. As a player, Lang Ping 1 (bring) not only honor but also glory to her country. As a coach, she led the China women’s volleyball team to golds at the world championships as well as the Olympic Games. As a person, she 2 (love) by fans at home and abroad. Before the 2015 World Cup, she faced a great challenge. That was because one of the best 3 (player) had been injured and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems. 4 , Lang Ping didn’t lose heart and she led her volleyball team 5 (win) the championship. 6 (know) as “Air Jordan”, Jordan changed basketball with his graceful moves and jumps. Jordan’s skills were 7 (impress), but the mental strength he showed made him unique. The secret 8 his success is learning from his 9 (fail). In life, Jordan has learnt to share his success with others. The Boys and Girls Club, 10 he started in Chicago, has been helping young people since 1996. 【答案】 1．brought 2．is loved 3．players 4．However 5．to win 6．Known 7．impressive 8．to 9．failures 10．which 【导语】本文一篇说明文。通文章过具体事例介绍了两位体坛传奇人物——郎平和迈克尔·乔丹的成就与精神品质。 1．考查时态。句意：作为一名运动员，郎平为她的国家带来了荣誉和荣耀。空格处是谓语动词，句子描述过去发生的事用一般过去时。故填brought。 2．考查时态和语态。句意：作为一名人物，她深受国内外球迷的喜爱。空格处是谓语动词，句子描述客观事实用一般现在时；主语she与动词love之间是被动关系，用被动语态；主语是she，be动词用is。故填is loved。 3．考查名词复数。句意：那是因为队里一名最优秀的运动员受伤了，而队长也因心脏问题不得不离队。one of the+复数名词“……中之一”是固定搭配，所以空格处应该用复数形式。故填players。 4．考查副词。句意：然而，郎平并没有灰心，她带领她的排球队赢得了冠军。空格后的内容与上文的内容之间是转折关系，结构空格后的逗号可知，此处应该用副词however。故填However。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，郎平并没有灰心，她带领她的排球队赢得了冠军。lead somebody to do“带领某人做某事”是固定搭配，所以空格处应该用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to win。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为“空中飞人”的乔丹，他以优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词know与句子的主语Jordan之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词known作状语。故填Known。 7．考查形容词。句意：乔丹的球技令人印象深刻，但他所展现出来的精神力量使他独一无二。根据句意和空格前的were可知，空格处应该用形容词impressive作表语。故填impressive。 8．考查介词。句意：他成功的秘诀在于从失败中汲取教训。secret to“……的秘诀”是固定搭配。故填to。 9．考查名词复数。句意：他成功的秘诀在于从失败中汲取教训。根据句意和空格前的介词from可知，空格处应该用名词failure作宾语，此处的failure指的是“失败的事”，是可数名词，应该用复数形式表示泛指。故填failures。 10．考查定语从句。句意：他在芝加哥创办的“男孩女孩俱乐部”自106年以来一直在帮助年轻人。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词The Boys and Girls Club进行限定说明，从句中缺少宾语，所以应该用关系代词which代替先行词在从句中作宾语。故填which。 （24-25高一上·江苏常州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 Qigong is commonly considered mysterious and philosophical. It 1 (practise) in China for thousands of years. Deeply rooted in traditional Chinese culture, it is also regarded 2 a part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). It is said that the Qi flows through all the Yin and Yang organs(器官). A lack of Qi in any organ means the organ is out of balance. A peaceful state of mind has to 3 (seek) and one should live in peace with his or her environments to maintain good health. Qigong is 4 art connected to the body and mind that helps prevent disease and cures illnesses, making life more pleasant. As is widely recognized, Qigong 5 (smooth) the process of carrying oxygen to cells and improves body functions. Good for treating mental disabilities and stress, the Qigong exercises bring one to a state of relaxation 6   pressure and anxiety are driven away and positive thinking with great confidence is increased. In this state, 7 (concentrate) can also be achieved easily. 8 Qigong may not be magical in treating acute (紧急的) illnesses or medical emergencies, it is ideal for preventing some diseases 9 treating certain chronic (长期的) conditions or disabilities. Increasingly, Qigong 10 (recommend) to more and more people now, including foreigners. It will certainly do more contribution to the world. 【答案】 1．has been practised 2．as 3．be sought 4．an 5．smooths 6．where 7．concentration 8．While/Although/Though 9．and 10．is being recommended 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了气功的历史以及对身心的好处。 1．考查时态语态。句意：它在中国已经有几千年的历史了。主语It与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文for thousands of years可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been practised。 2．考查介词。句意：它深深植根于中国传统文化，也被视为中国传统医学的一部分。短语be regarded as表示“被视为”。故填as。 3．考查语态。句意：必须寻求一种平和的心态，一个人应该与他或她的环境和平相处，以保持良好的健康。主语A peaceful state of mind与seek之间是被动关系，且 has to 后接动词原形，故填be sought。 4．考查冠词。句意：气功是一门连接身体和心灵的艺术，有助于预防疾病和治疗疾病，使生活更愉快。art 在这里表示 “一门艺术”，是可数名词，且读音以元音音素开头，故填an。 5．考查时态。句意：众所周知，气功能使氧气输送到细胞的过程更加顺畅，改善身体机能。根据and连接并列成分，由improves可知，此处也应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，故填smooths。 6．考查定语从句。句意：对治疗精神障碍和压力有好处，气功练习使人进入一种放松的状态，压力和焦虑被赶走，积极的思考和极大的信心增加。先行词是“a state of relaxation”，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 7．考查名词。句意：在这种状态下，注意力也很容易集中。此处作主语，应用名词形式，concentrate的名词形式是concentration，意为“专注；专心”，故填concentration。 8．考查状语从句。句意：虽然气功在治疗急性病或急症方面可能没有神奇的作用，但它在预防一些疾病，治疗某些慢性疾病或残疾方面是理想的。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”用while、though或although，首字母大写。故填While/Although/Though。 9．考查连词。句意：虽然气功在治疗急性病或急症方面可能没有神奇的作用，但它在预防一些疾病，治疗某些慢性疾病或残疾方面是理想的。“preventing some diseases”和“treating certain chronic conditions or disabilities”是并列关系，所以用and连接。故填and。 10．考查时态语态。句意：现在，气功越来越多地被推荐给越来越多的人，包括外国人。根据now可知，此处应用现在进行时，且主语Qigong与recommend之间是被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is being recommended。 题型二 阅读理解 （24-25高一上·云南·期中）Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are in the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your choice of sports might have great influence on the environment. Some sports are resource-hungryz (资源饥渴). Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses in good condition. This causes major environment effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas. There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you can take up today. You don't need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don't have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control. Whatever sports you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials.But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centres. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces.There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it's free. 1．Which of the following does the author most probably like？ A．Cycling around a lake. B．Driving a car on the street. C．Playing basketball in a gym. D．Swimming in a sports centre. 2．What do you know about golf from Paragraph 2？ A．It is unpopular in Portugal and Spain. B．It causes water shortage around the world. C．It protects the earth from chemicals and waste. D．It needs water and energy to keep its courses green. 3．What does the underlined word “them” in the Paragraph 3 refer to？ A．Resource-hungry sports. B．Outdoors sports. C．Environment-friendly sports. D．Indoors sports. 4．The author writes the passage to__________ . A．show us the function of major sports B．encourage us to go in for green sports C．discuss the major influence of popular sports D．introduce different types of environment-friendly sports 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述运动可以让人保持健康也可以让人们接近大自然。然而不管你是在大山里，还是在草地上运动，都应该注意，人们对运动的选择可能会影响到地球的环境。在文章中作者鼓励人们要多进行环保的、不消耗自然资源的运动，比如竞走。 1．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句话“Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free. (绿色健身房的成员在户外、乡村或其他开放空间进行运动。开始成为会员没有特殊要求。最棒的是，它是免费的。)”可知，作者认为我们进行的户外活动应该是绿色环保的，并且是免费的。由此可推知，作者会赞成在湖边骑车。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses  in good condition. (你可能知道，高尔夫不仅消耗了大片农村地区，还消耗了大量的水。此外，各种各样的化学物质和巨大的能量被用来保持其路线处于良好状态。)”可知，高尔夫这项运动不仅侵占了大片的乡村区域，浪费了大量的水，而且需要电去维持它的运转。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段“There are many environment-friendly sports.Power walking is one of them that you can take up today. (有许多环保型运动。快走就是你如今可以从事的这类运动之一。)” 可知，这里的“them”指代前文提到的“environment-friendly sports (环保型运动)”。故选C。 4．推理判断题。文章主要讲述运动可以让人保持健康也可以让人们接近大自然。然而不管你是在大山里，还是在草地上运动，都应该注意，人们对运动的选择可能会影响到地球的环境。在文章中作者鼓励人们要多进行环保的、不消耗自然资源的运动，比如竞走。结合最后一段的“Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free. (绿色健身房的成员在户外、乡村或其他开放空间进行运动。开始成为会员没有特殊要求。最棒的是，它是免费的。)”推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁我们要积极参加绿色体育运动。故选B。 （24-25高一上·江苏常州·期末）A sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle eventually does harm to health but breaking out of long inactivity can be discouraging. Now, however, there may be a simple way to ease into more activity. A recent study suggests that short bouts (一阵) of intense (高强度的) activity every day — climbing stairs, carrying a heavy load of things, or stepping up the pace of housework — can provide great health benefits. “It’s quite simple, but it’s not an idea that’s out there,” says University of Sydney exercise scientist Emmanuel Stamatakis who led the research. “Many people, including many health professionals, still think of physical activity as something that you do during your free time, and you need to go somewhere to do it.” Stamatakis and his colleagues, on the other hand, wanted to understand if daily life activities done somewhat vigorously in short bouts could also provide health benefits compared to a sedentary or less active lifestyle. To study this, his team used data from nearly 25, 000 adults who were non-exercisers. Without these data, it was almost impossible to continue the study. Over the course of seven days, they used machine learning tools to determine whether a person was either sedentary, standing, walking, or doing intense activities like running during repeated 10-second windows. The researchers also divided any movement into light, middle, or high intensity. Then, for the next seven years, they recorded which study participants died and what caused the death. The team found that people who did at least four one-to-two-minute high intensity physical activities every day had a nearly 40 percent less risk of dying from cancer and a roughly 49 percent ower chance of dying from a cardiovascular (心血管的) disease. More bouts of such strong activity meant greater protection from death risks, Stamatakis says, “The more, the better.” 1．What did the recent study find? A．An inactive lifestyle is harmful but hard to change. B．More physical exercises can make you more active. C．Doing daily housework is also a kind of exercise. D．Daily short but intense activities do good to health. 2．What does the underlined word “vigorously” most probably mean? A．Energetically. B．Continuously. C．Frequently. D．Creatively. 3．Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 5? A．Research purposes. B．Research limitations. C．Research findings. D．Research methods. 4．What would Stamatakis suggest? A．Going to exercise at fixed time and place. B．Avoiding movement of light intensity. C．Doing only 8 minutes intense activity every day. D．Carrying out more short bouts of intense activity. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明短时间高强度的活动有益健康。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“A recent study suggests that short bouts (一阵) of intense (高强度的) activity every day—climbing stairs, carrying a heavy load of things, or stepping up the pace of housework— can provide great health benefits.(最近的一项研究表明，每天短时间的剧烈运动——爬楼梯、搬运重物或加快家务劳动的步伐——对健康大有好处)”可知，最近的研究表明，短时间高强度的活动有益健康的。故选D项。 2．词句猜测题。done somewhat vigorously in short bouts在句中作后置定语修饰daily life activities，根据后面“compared to a sedentary or less active lifestyle(与久坐或不太活跃的生活方式相比)”可推测，划线词应该和less active意思相反，应该是“高强度地，剧烈地”的意思。故选A项。 3．主旨大意题。根据第五段“Over the course of seven days, they used machine learning tools to determine whether a person was either sedentary, standing, walking, or doing intense activities like running during repeated 10-second windows. The researchers also divided any movement into light, middle, or high intensity. Then, for the next seven years, they recorded which study participants died and what caused the death.(在七天的过程中，他们使用机器学习工具来确定一个人是久坐、站立、行走，还是在重复的10秒窗口中进行剧烈活动，如跑步。研究人员还将任何运动分为轻度、中度和高强度。然后，在接下来的七年里，他们记录了哪些研究参与者死亡以及导致死亡的原因)”可知，本段主要讲到了研究过程中的数据收集及分析方法。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段末“More bouts of such strong activity meant greater protection from death risks, Stamatakis says, ‘The more, the better.’(Stamatakis说，这种剧烈运动的次数越多，就意味着死亡风险得到了更大的保护，‘越多越好’)”可知，Stamatakis认为短时间高强度的活动有益健康，降低死亡风险，他建议多做这样的活动，越多越好。故选D项。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$