2025-2026学年初升高语法专题：定语从句（一）导学案

初升高语法专题：定语从句 定语从句（一） 1． 基本概念 1. 定语：修饰名词或代词的成分。 eg. a green tree a tree in green 2. 定语从句：在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的成分。 There is a tree which is in green. 3. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词（总是出现在定语从句前面） 4. 关系词：用来引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系词的三大作用：(1)作定语从句的一个句子成分 (2)起着连接主句和从句的作用 (3)代指被修饰的先行词 2． 关系代词 定义：引导定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语成分。 （一）基本用法 关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当成分 备注 who 人 主语、宾语 whom, which, that 在从句中作宾语时常可省略，但介词提前时不能省略，也不可用that。 as作宾语一般不省略。 whom 人 宾语 whose 人，物 定语 that 人，物 主语、宾语、表语 which 物 主语、宾语、表语 as 人，物 主语、宾语、表语 I like the girl ____________has two big eyes. I like the girl ____________I met yesterday. I like the girl ____________eyes are big. I’m not the girl __________ I used to be. I like the book ___________ has a red cover. I like the book ___________I’m reading now. I like the book ___________cover is red. (2) 只能用关系代词that的一些情况： 1. 先行词是something, everything, anything, nothing, all, much, little, no, few或被all, much, little, no等修饰时 You should hand in everything that you have. You can take any seat that is free. 2. 先行词被形容词最高级, 序数词, the only, the very, the same, the last 等修饰时 English is the most difficult subject that you will learn. This is the last place that I want to visit. The only thing that we can do is to give you some advice. 3. 先行词既有人又有物时 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? 4. 主句的主语是疑问词who/which时 Which is the bike that you like？ Who is the girl that was praised at the meeting? 练习： I still remember everything ___________ you told me. I still remember the persons and things___________ you told me. I still remember the most important thing___________ you told me. (3) 宜用who而不用that的情况： 指人且先行词是those, anyone, one(s)等时 Those who are against us are our enemy. Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 练习：Those _________like English can study it easily. Anyone __________leaves last should lock the door. (4) 与whose有关的问题： 1. whose 既指人，又指物，作定语 I saw the woman __________bag was stolen. Please show me the book __________ cover is red. 2. 当whose表示物与物的所属关系时, 亦可用of which; 若指人, 不与of whom换 He lives in a house whose window faces south. = He lives in a house, the window of which faces south. = He lives in a house, of which the window faces south. (5) 关系代词as引导的限制性定语从句 1. 先行词被such/so修饰时, 构成such/so...as...结构 She’s such a lovely girl __________we all like. 注意：与such/so...that...句型相比较 She’s such a lovely girl __________we all like her. 2. 先行词被the same修饰时，构成the same...as...结构 This is the same bag as I lost yesterday. (同类不是同一个) This is the same bag that I lost yesterday. (同一个) (6) 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词应与先行词一致. Tom is one of the students who often ___________(answer) questions correctly. Tom is the only one of the students who often ___________(answer) questions correctly. All who _________(hear) the story are amazed. All that __________(need) to be done has been done. 定语从句同步作业（一） 一．用符号标出下列句子的主句、定语从句、先行词和关系词。 主句：___ 定语从句:（ ） 先行词：先行词 关系词： 例：This is the book (that I have been looking for). 1 The movie that we saw last night is very exciting. 2 Have you bought the book which we talked about？ 3 I still remember the day which we spent together last week. 4 He still lives in the house whose windows face south. 5 The boy whose father is a policeman speaks English most fluently in our class. 6 The girl who you met was John’s sister. 二．把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句 1.The fan is on the desk. You want it. 2.The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday. 3.The magazine is mine. He has taken it away. 4.The students will not pass the exam. They don't study hard. 5.The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park. 6.I want to talk to the boys. Their homework hasn't been handed in. 三．把下列定语从句拆分成两个句子 1.I really like the photo of my family which my sister took in the city park last year. 2.Jet Lee is a great actor who is famous for his action films. 四．用关系代词that, who(m), whose, which, as 填空 1.The girls ______________served in the shop were the owner's daughters. 2.All ___________I told you just now is true. 3.They talked about the things and persons ______________they remembered in the school. 4.The people _____________you met on campus yesterday are from England. 5.(2014·山东改编)A company ___________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. 6.He's the only student in the class ___________has been selected to take part in the activity. 7.Do you have anything ________________you want me to take to your younger brother? 8.Who was the man______________told you to wait here? 9.The writer and his novel________________you have just talked about are really well-known. 10.For those_____________want to see the film, put down your names, please. 11.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _____________lives were affected. 12.I have the same magazine ____________you bought just now. 五．用适当的关系词填空 Though I can't remember everything 1 happened during the time when I was in university, I still remember some people and things 2 were related to(与......相关)my best friend. If you want to know who is the lady 3 I referred to(谈到)in my diary, I can tell you. It's her, Miss Brown. Here is a story that makes me remember Miss Brown until now. One afternoon, she and I arrived in New York where we would spend our summer holidays together. We went to the biggest bookshop in which there were different kinds of books to be sold. There, she persuaded me to buy a grammar book 4 could offer me the knowledge of grammar and a dictionary in which I could look up the new words. Miss Brown also bought the same books 5 I did. Just when we left the bookshop and were ready to go back to our university, a big man stopped us and robbed me of my necklace. Miss Brown tried her best to help me and lost one of her fingers. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 初升高语法专题：定语从句 定语从句（一） 1． 基本概念 1. 定语：修饰名词或代词的成分。 eg. a green tree a tree in green 2. 定语从句：在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的成分。 There is a tree which is in green. 3. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词（总是出现在定语从句前面） 4. 关系词：用来引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系词的三大作用：(1)作定语从句的一个句子成分 (2)起着连接主句和从句的作用 (3)代指被修饰的先行词 2． 关系代词 定义：引导定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语成分。 （一）基本用法 关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当成分 备注 who 人 主语、宾语 whom, which, that 在从句中作宾语时常可省略，但介词提前时不能省略，也不可用that。 as作宾语一般不省略。 whom 人 宾语 whose 人，物 定语 that 人，物 主语、宾语、表语 which 物 主语、宾语、表语 as 人，物 主语、宾语、表语 I like the girl who/that has two big eyes. I like the girl whom/who/that I met yesterday. I like the girl whose eyes are big. I’m not the girl that I used to be. I like the book that/which has a red cover. I like the book that/which I’m reading now. I like the book whose cover is red. (2) 只能用关系代词that的一些情况： 1. 先行词是something, everything, anything, nothing, all, much, little, no, few或被all, much, little, no等修饰时 You should hand in everything that you have. You can take any seat that is free. 2. 先行词被形容词最高级, 序数词, the only, the very, the same, the last 等修饰时 English is the most difficult subject that you will learn. This is the last place that I want to visit. The only thing that we can do is to give you some advice. 3. 先行词既有人又有物时 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? 4. 主句的主语是疑问词who/which时 Which is the bike that you like？ Who is the girl that was praised at the meeting? 练习： I still remember everything that you told me. I still remember the persons and things that you told me. I still remember the most important thing that you told me. (3) 宜用who而不用that的情况： 指人且先行词是those, anyone, one(s)等时 Those who are against us are our enemy. Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 练习：Those who like English can study it easily. Anyone who leaves last should lock the door. (4) 与whose有关的问题： 1. whose 既指人，又指物，作定语 I saw the woman whose bag was stolen. Please show me the book whose cover is red. 2. 当whose表示物与物的所属关系时, 亦可用of which; 若指人, 不与of whom换 He lives in a house whose window faces south. = He lives in a house, the window of which faces south. = He lives in a house, of which the window faces south. (5) 关系代词as引导的限制性定语从句 1. 先行词被such/so修饰时, 构成such/so...as...结构 She’s such a lovely girl as we all like. 注意：与such/so...that...句型相比较 She’s such a lovely girl that we all like her. 2. 先行词被the same修饰时，构成the same...as...结构 This is the same bag as I lost yesterday. (同类不是同一个) This is the same bag that I lost yesterday. (同一个) (6) 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词应与先行词一致. Tom is one of the students who often answer (answer) questions correctly. Tom is the only one of the students who often answers (answer) questions correctly. All who hear (hear) the story are amazed. All that needs (need) to be done has been done. 定语从句同步作业（一） 一．用符号标出下列句子的主句、定语从句、先行词和关系词。 主句：___ 定语从句:（ ） 先行词：先行词 关系词： 例：This is the book (that I have been looking for). 1 The movie (that we saw last night) is very exciting. 2 Have you bought the book (which we talked about)？ 3 I still remember the day (which we spent together last week). 4 He still lives in the house (whose windows face south). 5 The boy (whose father is a policeman) speaks English most fluently in our class. 6 The girl(who you met) was John’s sister. 二．把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句 1.The fan is on the desk. You want it. The fan (that/which) you want is on the desk. 2.The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday. The man who/that brought our textbooks here yesterday is in the next room. 3.The magazine is mine. He has taken it away. The magazine (that/which) he has taken away is mine. 4.The students will not pass the exam. They don't study hard. The students who/that don’t study hard will not pass the exam. 5.The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park. The woman (whom/who/that) you saw in the park is our geography teacher. 6.I want to talk to the boys. Their homework hasn't been handed in. I want to talk to the boys whose homework hasn't been handed in. 三．把下列定语从句拆分成两个句子 1.I really like the photo of my family which my sister took in the city park last year. I really like the photo of my family. My sister took it in the city park last year. 2.Jet Lee is a great actor who is famous for his action films. Jet Lee is a great actor. He is famous for his action films. 四．用关系代词that, who(m), whose, which, as 填空 1.The girls who/that served in the shop were the owner's daughters. 2.All that I told you just now is true. 3.They talked about the things and persons that they remembered in the school. 4.The people whom/who/that you met on campus yesterday are from England. 5.(2014·山东改编)A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. 6.He's the only student in the class that has been selected to take part in the activity. 7.Do you have anything that you want me to take to your younger brother? 8.Who was the man that told you to wait here? 9.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well-known. 10.For those who want to see the film, put down your names, please. 11.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those whose lives were affected. 12.I have the same magazine as you bought just now. 五．用适当的关系词填空 Though I can't remember everything 1 that happened during the time when I was in university, I still remember some people and things 2 that were related to(与......相关)my best friend. If you want to know who is the lady 3 whom/that I referred to(谈到)in my diary, I can tell you. It's her, Miss Brown. Here is a story that makes me remember Miss Brown until now. One afternoon, she and I arrived in New York where we would spend our summer holidays together. We went to the biggest bookshop in which there were different kinds of books to be sold. There, she persuaded me to buy a grammar book 4 that/which could offer me the knowledge of grammar and a dictionary in which I could look up the new words. Miss Brown also bought the same books 5 as I did. Just when we left the bookshop and were ready to go back to our university, a big man stopped us and robbed me of my necklace. Miss Brown tried her best to help me and lost one of her fingers. ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$