Unit 2 课时3 Section 2 Grammar（课件）英语沪教版2024八年级上册

2024年沪教版 英语（八年级上） Unit 2 Section 2 Grammar Amazing numbers 1 学习目标 I can understand the importance of numbers in daily life record and present information with numbers in English use cardinal and ordinal numbers correctly. understand how numbers developed and how they differ between cultures. 2 01 新 课 导 入 03 应 用 实 践 06 回 顾 总 结 07 随 堂 小 练 02 学 习 理 解 04 迁 移 创 新 05 考 点 速 递 学习内容 3 新课导入 1 4 水果切切乐 点击水果，大声地读出每个水果后面的数字 Words game 2 5:45 137, 103 14, 2012 October 3, 2025 49% 2425 0981 99% 495 2840 3 4:15 53，548 21 June, 2025 66，967，008 January 18, 2026 21% 3/4 3 142857 × 1 = 142857 142857 × 2 = 285714 142857 × 3 = 428571 142857 × 4 = 571428 142857 × 5 = 714285 142857 × 6 = 857142 142857 × 7 = 999999 142857：神秘的宇宙密码 在数学的奇妙世界里，有一个令人叹为观止的数字：142857，它也被称作“宇宙密码”。这个数字不仅在数学上有着独特的性质，还与一些历史事件有着神秘的联系。你知道吗？2008年汶川地震的发生时间正好是14:28:57，这或许是一种巧合，但也让人不禁联想到这个数字的神秘力量。这个数字的奇妙之处在于，无论你乘以1到9中的任何一个数字，结果总是由这几个数字的组合构成。 学习理解 02 9 We use cardinal numbers to count things. 11 eleven 15 fifteen 20 twenty 82 eighty-two 12 twelve 18 eighteen 50 fifty 98 ninety-eight 100 one hundred 385 three hundred and seventy-five 1,000 one thousand 100,000 one hundred thousand 4,189 four thousand one hundred and eighty-nine 1,000,000 2,000,000 1,000,000,000 3,000,000,000 one million two million one billion three billion A Cardinal numbers •When we read out numbers, we do not add -s to the words hundred, thousand, million and billion. • We put and between hundred and ten. A 基数词 1 基数词：表示数目的词称为基数词。 1-10 1 one, 2 two, 3 three, 4 four, 5 five, 6 six, 7 seven, 8 eight, 9 nine, 10 ten 11-19 (1) 由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成： 14 fourteen，16 sixteen，17 seventeen，19 nineteen 11 eleven， 12 twelve， 13 thirteen， 15 fifteen， 18 eighteen 21-99 （1）整数几十的共同特点是以-ty结尾： ① 由其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成： 60 sixty，70 seventy，90 ninety ② 特殊形式： 20 twenty，30 thirty, 40 forty，50 fifty，80 eighty 2）表示几十几时，在几十和个位基数词之间添加连字符“-”。如： 27 twenty-seven 81 eighty-one 百位数 表示“几百”用“个位基数词+hundred”，在百位数与十位数或个位数之间加上and。如： 100 a / one hundred 320 three hundred and twenty 502 five hundred and two 948 nine hundred and forty-eight 千位数以上 阿拉伯数字从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号“，”。 从右开始，第一个“，”前的数字后添加 thousand（千），第二个 “，”前面的数字后添加 million（百万）。千位数以上，当百位为0时，百位与十位之间不用加and。如： 1,000 a / one thousand 2,000,000 two million 2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight 16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four 当hundred, thousand, million前有确切的数字时，不能使用复数形式；当表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万、数以百万计等时，则用复数形式+of表示。如： There are hundreds of students on the playground． 操场上有好几百名学生。 Thousands of people took part in the activity. 成千上万的人参与了这个活动。 Dinosaurs lived on Earth for millions of years. 恐龙在地球上生存了数百万年。 1st first 7th seventh 13th thirteenth 19th nineteenth 2nd second 8th eighth 14th fourteenth 20th twentieth 3rd third 9th ninth 15th fifteenth 21st twenty-first 4th fourth 10th tenth 16th sixteenth 33rd thirty-third 5th fifth 11th eleventh 17th seventeenth 40th fortieth 6th sixth 12th twelfth 18th eighteenth 100th hundredth We use ordinal numbers to show the order of things. Ordinal numbers We form most ordinal numbers by adding -th to the cardinal numbers, except first, second and third. For numbers of 21 and above, the ordinal number is formed based on the last digit (21st, 22nd, 23rd, etc,). 除了第一、第二和第三个之外，我们通过将-th加到基数上来形成大多数序数。对于21及以上的数字，序数基于最后一位数字变成序数词形成。 2 序数词：表示顺序的词称为序数词。 基数词变序数词的口诀： 基变序，有规律 　 1,2,3特殊记，其余都加th (first, second, third) 8少t，9去e，千万别忘记 (eighth, ninth) 逢5逢12，ve变f (fifth, twelfth) 20到90，y要变ie (twentieth, ninetieth) 若是几十几，只变个位就可以(ninety-first) 序数词的缩写形式：由阿拉伯数字+序数词的末尾两个字母组成。如： first — 1st second — 2nd third — 3rd fourth — 4th sixth — 6th twentieth — 20th twenty-third — 23rd 3 数词的常见用法： 表示事物的编号，用“名词+基数词”或“the+序数词+名词”。如： Room 308 308房 the fifth floor 五楼 the Fourth Lesson = Lesson Four 第四课 表示年月日，“年”用基数词，“日”用序数词。如： 1 October, 1949 1949年10月1日 读作：the first of October, nineteen forty-nine 表示时间，用基数词。如： 2∶10 two ten 3∶30 three thirty / half past three 表示百分数，用基数词。如： 80% eighty per cent 33% thirty-three per cent 表示小数，用基数词。如： 0.24 (zero) point two four 10.75 ten point seventy-five 表示电话号码，用基数词。如： 8370 9295 eight three seven o, nine two nine five 表示年龄，用基数词。表示第几个生日，用序数词。如： Tom is five (years old). 汤姆五岁了。 Tomorrow is Tom’s fifth birthday. 明天是汤姆的五岁生日。 表示分数，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；如果分子大于1，分母要用复数。1 / 5 one fifth 2/5 two-fifths 应用实践 03 20 1 Look at the information about the three longest rivers in the world. Take turns asking and answering questions about the rivers. The Nile River Africa 6,671 km S1: Which is the first-longest river in the world? Where is it? How long is It? S2: The Nile River is the first-longest river; It’s in Africa. It’s about 6,671 km long. The Amazon River South America 6,480 km S1: Which is the second-longest river in the world? Where is it? How long is It? S2: The Amazon River is the second-longest river, It’s in South America. It’s about 6,480 km long. The Yangtze River Asia 6,300 km S1: Which is the third-longest river in the world? Where is it? How long is It? S2: The Yangtze River is the third-longest river, It’s in Asia. It’s about 6,300 km long. The students are standing in a line. They each have a number (from 1 to 28). Fill in the blanks with cardinal numbers on the left and ordinal numbers on the right. 2 19 first third fourth twelfth twenty-third twenty-eighth 迁移创新 04 25 2 Look at the list of the highest mountains in Asia, North America and Africa Describe the mountains with cardinal and ordinal numbers. Rank Name Height Continent 1 Mt. Qomolangma 8,848.86 m Asia 2 Mt. Qogir 8,611 m Asia 3 Mt. Kanchenjunga 8,586 m Asia The tallest mountain in Asia is Mountain Qomolangma It is 8,848.86 metres high Mountain Qogir is the second-highest in Asia. It is 8,611 metres high. Mountain Kanchenjunga is the third highest in Asia. It is 8,586 metres high. Rank Name Height Continent 1 Mt. Denali 6,190 m North America 2 Mt. Logan 5,959 m North America 3 Pico de Orizaba 5,610 m North America The tallest mountain in North America is Mountain Denali. It is 6,190 metres high Mountain Logan is the second-highest in North America. It is 5,959 metres high. Pico de Orizaba is the third highest in North America. It is 5,610 metres high. Rank Name Height Continent 1 Mt. Kilimanjaro 5,895 m Africa 2 Mt. Kenya 5,199 m Africa 3 Mt. Stanley 5,109 m Africa The tallest mountain in Africa is Mountain Kilimanjaro. It is 5,895 metres high. Mountain Kenya is the second-highest in Africa. It is 5,199 metres high. Mountain Stanley is the third highest in Africa. It is 5,109 metres high. 考点速递 05 29 考向一： 数词下面几种用法 1.表示事物的编号，用“名词+基数词”或“the+序数词+名词”。如： Room 308 308房 the fifth floor 五楼 2.表示年月日，“年”用基数词，“日”用序数词。如： 1 October, 1949 1949年10月1日 3.表示时间，用基数词。如： 2∶10 two ten 3∶30 three thirty / half past three 4.表示百分数，用基数词。如： 80% eighty per cent 33% thirty-three per cent 5.表示小数，用基数词。如： 0.24 (zero) point two four 10.75 ten point seventy-five 6.表示电话号码，用基数词。如： 8370 9295 eight three seven o, nine two nine five 7.表示年龄，用基数词。表示第几个生日，用序数词。如： Tom is five (years old). 汤姆五岁了。 8.表示分数，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；如果分子大于1，分母要用复数。1 / 5 one fifth 2/5 two-fifths 考向二、数词几个固定结构 (1) hundred, thousand, million, billion等前面有具体数字或several时，用单数形式，但表示不确切的数目时，用hundreds / thousands / millions / billions of等。 如：There are four hundred pupils in the primary school. Hundreds of people get together at the station. (2) “数词+名词”构成的复合形容词，该名词用单数形式。 如：a seven-day holiday, an 8-metre-long stick (3) 表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于 1 时，分母用复数形式。 如：one third(三分之一)， three fifths(五分之三) 回顾总结 06 33 1, We have learned how to use cardinal and ordinal numbers. 课堂小练 07 35 1. Mrs. Smith has ________sons and her ________son is a sports star. A. three; three B. third; third C. three; third D. third; three 2. School activities are fun in December. We have _____ ball games, and the soccer game is on ____ day of December. A. five; the second B. the fifth; the second C. five; two D. the fifth; two 3. —China’s Shenzhou-19 manned spaceship launched on April 29, 2025. —Yeah. ________ Chinese people waited for the exciting moment. A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of 4. We have ________ terms in a year. The ________ term is from February to July. A. second; two B. two; second C. two; two D. second; second 5. The river is ________. A. 100 meter long B. 100-meter-long C. 100 meters’ long D. 100 meters long 一、单项选择题 6. There are _____ students in our school, but only ___ of them are girls. A. hundreds of; two hundred B. hundred of; two hundreds C. hundreds of; two hundreds D. hundred of; two hundred 7. It’s October 10th. Lucy is ___ years old now. Today is her ____ birthday. A. twelve, twelfth B. twelfth, twelve C. twelve, twelve D. twelfth, twelfth 8. About _____ of the engineers in the IT company seem to be in their _____. A. a quarter; forties B. the quarter; fortieth C. one-four; forties D.one-fourth; fortieth 9. I’m 14 ________. And he is a ________ boy. A. year old, 15 years old B. year-old, 15 year-old C. years old, 15 years old D. years old, 15-year-old 10. —What class are you in? —I’m in ________. A. Grade Seven, Class Two B. grade seven, class two C. Class Two, Grade Seven D. class two, grade seven 11. Dr. Bethune (白求恩) helped lots of Chinese ___. He was a great doctor. So people in both China and Canada still remember him now. A. in the 1930 B. in 1930 C. in the 1930s D. in his 1930s 12. He lives in ________. A. room 203 B. Room 203 C. 203rd room D. Room 203rd 13. Each of the students has to keep a _______ diary every day. A. two-hundred-word B. two-hundreds-word C. two-hundreds-words D. two-hundred-words 14. He set up his own company in _______. A. his twenties B. his twenty C. the twenty D. the twentieth 15. Nowadays, ________ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ________ of them are adults. A. a number of; four fifths B. a number of; four fifth C. the number of; four fifth D. the number of; four fifths 二、根据句意，填入适当的数词 Thursday is the ______ day of a week in the West. 2. Autumn is the ______ season of a year. 3. Christmas is on December the __________ each year. 4. August is the _________ month in a year. 5. June the ______ is Children’s Day. fifth third twenty-fifth eighth first 三、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. This is his __________(thirty) novel. 2. This happened at the beginning of the __________(twenty-one) century. 3. Mother’s Day is on the __________ (two) Sunday in May. 4. Although he got the _______ (four) place in the competition, that was good enough for him. 5. Tomorrow is my grandmother’s __________ (eighty-nine) birthday. We will have a big party for her. thirtieth twenty-first second fourth eighty-ninth Thank you！ 42 $$