专题04 阅读理解之说明文（天津专用）-【好题汇编】5年（2021-2025）中考1年模拟英语真题分类汇编

专题04 阅读理解之说明文 年份 考题内容（2021-2025） 命题趋势 2025年 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了灯笼鱼的外形特征、生活习性以及发光功能。 文章主题：涵盖了人物经历、成长故事、亲情友情、冒险经历等丰富多样的主题，贴近学生的生活和认知水平。 篇幅长度：通常在150 - 300 词左右。 难度水平：整体难度适中，会有一定比例的生词，但不影响对文章主旨的理解。 细节理解题：这类题目占比较大，要求考生从文中找到具体的信息，如人物的行为、事件的时间地点等。 主旨大意题：考查对整篇文章核心内容的概括和总结。 推理判断题：需要考生根据文中提供的线索进行推理和判断。 词义猜测题：通过上下文推测生词或短语的含义。 2024年 本文主要介绍了盐从哪里来的。 2023年 本文主要介绍了维他命D的重要性及如何获取维他命D 2022年 本文主要讲述了在Steve妈妈上班时，Steve在家里带着两个弟弟度过愉快一天的经历。 2021年 本文主要讲述了Kevin喜欢骑自行车去上学，他喜欢感受清新空气吹在脸上的感觉，而Mary喜欢走路去上学，她喜欢踢秋天的树叶，她最喜欢看花。 （25·天津中考真题） Lanternfish (灯笼鱼) are fish that carry their own lights. Most lanternfish are brown on top and silver underneath (在下面). They have very large eyes. They eat small sea animals. If you want to find them, you must go deep into the sea. As you go deeper and deeper, the daylight (日光) becomes dimmer and dimmer. At over 152 metres below the surface (表面) of the water, the daylight is almost gone. The water is dark blue. There you will find lanternfish. There are over 230 different kinds of lanternfish in the world. Most lanternfish are just as long as your fingers. Even the biggest lanternfish are only about 15 centimetres (厘米) long. They are not large in size. However, each lanternfish has about 100 small round lights on the lower part of its body. The fish use their lights to help them catch food. They also use their lights to send information so that they can recognise (认出) each other. At night, they may swim up near the surface of the sea. Their lights shine like stars under the water. Lanternfish are one of the wonders of the sea. 31. What is the colour of most lanternfish on top? A. Brown. B. Green. C. Red. D. Silver. 32. What does the word “dimmer” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Quicker. B. Easier. C. Richer. D. Darker. 33. How many kinds of lanternfish are there in the world? A. Over 152. B. Over 230. C. About 15. D. About 100. 34. In order to recognise each other, lanternfish also use lights to ________. A. drink water B. cook food C. send information D. fall asleep 35. In which part of a magazine can we find the passage? A. Art. B. Space. C. Health. D. Nature. （24·天津中考真题） Salt has always been important to people. In the past, it was as valuable as gold. Over the years, people discovered different ways to get salt. Some early people got salt from rocks. In other places, people got salt from the sea. They took sea water and put it in the sun. After a long time, the water dried up (耗尽). Then people could get salt. Today, people still get salt from the sea. But most salt comes from salt mines (矿) and salt wells (井). How do people get salt from salt mines? They dig deep into the ground for it. To get salt from salt wells, people put two pipes (管子) into the ground. Water is sent down through one of the pipes. And the water is mixed with the salt in salt wells. It makes salt water. Then the salt water is pushed up through the other pipe. Later, the salt is taken out of the salt water. People once worked hard to find and make salt. Now, people can buy it at any food store. 31. Some early people got salt from ________. A. flowers B. fruits C. trees D. rocks 32. Why did people put sea water in the sun? A. To get salt. B. To catch fish. C. To wash clothes. D. To water crops. 33. How do people get salt from salt mines? A. By mixing sand with gold. B. By digging deep into the ground. C. By putting oil on rocks. D. By throwing stones into the sea. 34. What is the right order of getting salt from salt wells? a. The salt is taken out of the salt water. b. Water is sent down through one of the pipes. c. The salt water is pushed up through the other pipe. A. a-b-c B. b-c-a C. c-b-a D. b-a-c 35. The passage is mainly about ________. A. who discovered salt B. when we made salt C. where salt comes from D. how much salt we need （23·天津中考真题） About 80% of people do not get enough vitamin (维生素) D every day. But this vitamin is very important for your health. Vitamin D is really important for our bones (骨骼). When we are young, vitamin D builds up our bones and makes them strong. When we are older, we still need vitamin D to keep our bones strong. Our bodies keep the vitamin D in our bones and teeth. Then we lose vitamin D as we work and exercise during the day. But our bodies can’t make vitamin D. So we have to get it from outside of our bodies. Where can a person get this very important vitamin? Vitamin D is in foods like fish and eggs. Sometimes, vitamin D is added to bread, milk, and orange juice. Food is not the only way our bodies can get vitamin D. The sun also gives us vitamin D. If we want to be healthy, we should spend some time in the sun each day. Too much sun is not good for you, but about 15 minutes a day is usually enough. And we should be sure to eat foods that are rich in vitamin D, too. 31. The writer says that vitamin D ________. A. makes our bones strong B. keeps our hair clean C. is not necessary for our teeth D. is harmful to our hearts 32. Why do we have to get vitamin D from outside of our bodies? A. It makes us popular. B. It helps us eat more food. C. Our bodies can’t make vitamin D. D. The more vitamin D, the better. 33. According to the writer, people can get vitamin D by ________. A. eating fish B. watching TV C. working hard D. having a sleep 34. How long are we advised to spend in the sun each day? A. About 15 minutes. B. About 45 minutes. C. About 1 hour. D. About 2 hours. 35. Paragraph 3 mainly tells us ________. A. what vitamin D is B. where we can get vitamin D C. how much vitamin D we need D. why people don’t like vitamin D （22·天津中考真题） People in the office usually sit for most of the day when they work. But this is bad for a person’s health. When people sit for too long every day, they don’t move very much. So it is easy to start getting fat. Sitting too long is also bad for their work because it makes them want to sleep. When this happens, people may make more mistakes in their work or spend more time finishing their work. Companies need workers to be healthy, so how do they fix the problem? Some companies have different types of desks to help their workers. The first type of desk is the standing desk. The desk can be taller when a person wants to stand. It can also be shorter when the person wants to sit. Another type of desk is the walking desk. This desk is made so that a person can work while walking at the same time. Workers in the companies like the different types of desks very much. They think these desks are quite useful. 31. When people in the office work, they usually ________. A. sit B. move C. run D. sing 32. What does the word “fix” mean in Paragraph 1? A. Cause. B. Solve. C. Bring. D. Discuss. 33. How many types of desks are mentioned in Paragraph 2? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 34. What do the workers think of the different types of desks? A. They are cheap. B. They are traditional. C. They are useful. D. They are expensive. 35. The purpose of the passage is to ________. A. tell us the reasons for sitting B. show the advantages of standing C. introduce desks that help people work better D. compare companies that provide different jobs （21·天津中考真题） When the days grew long in the middle of summer, Lisa liked to go to the park and watch the clouds. One day, Lisa saw a cloud that looked like a standing dragon. After a few minutes it became a flying dragon. Then it seemed to change direction. Another cloud moved in to mix with it, and the dragon changed into a dancing elephant. Then it became a sitting dog then a barking（吠、叫）dog, and then a tiger. “This is better than TV!” Lisa shouted. Mr Thomas, the music teacher at Lisa’s school, was flying a kite with his son in the park. He heard Lisa’s voice. He gave the kite string（线）to his son and came to Lisa. “Hi, Mr Thomas!” Lisa said. “Look at those clouds. They keep changing! First they looked like a dragon, then an elephant, then a dog, and now a tiger!” Mr Thomas looked up. “A tiger?” he said. “That looks like a horse to me. It’s running towards the sun, That’s so lively.” Lisa looked again. He was right! “How do clouds know how to make so many shapes?” The clouds don’t know how to make shapes. Your imagination（想象力）helps you see those shapes in the clouds, “Mr Thomas answered as the horse changed into a chicken.” 31. What did Lisa like to do in the park in the middle of summer? A. Train her dog. B. Watch the clouds. C. Feed animals. D. Read books. 32. Lisa found that “a barking dog” in the clouds changed into “________”. A. a dragon B. an elephant C. a tiger D. a giraffe 33. What was Mr Thomas doing in the park when Lisa shouted? A. Studying plants B. Flying a kite C. Having music lessons. D. Playing tennis. 34. What did Mr Thomas think of the running horse in the clouds? A. It was strong. B. It was shy. C. It was noisy. D. It was lively. 35. According to Mr Thomas, what helped Lisa see different shapes in the clouds? A. Tradition. B. Silence. C. Imagination. D. Environment. （25·天津南开区一模） April 13 is the Water-Splashing Festival for Dai ethnic group (傣族) in Yunnan. It usually goes on for three to seven days. In the festival, men and women, old and young, all dressed in beautiful clothes, singing, dancing and splashing water on each other. In their eyes water is the origin (起源) of life. And it can also wash away bad luck and bring happiness and health to people. So the more water one person gets, the more luck he or she will have, and the happier he or she will be. There are other interesting activities on that day. The Dai people also have dragon-boat races and peacock (孔雀) dances on this festival. So if you travel to Yunnan during this time, come and join them together! 26. When does the Water-Splashing Festival begin? A. April 12. B. April 13. C. April 14. D. April 15. 27. Who celebrates the Water-Splashing Festival? A. Old people. B. Men and women. C. Young people D. The Dai people. 28. What does the water mean in the eyes of the Dai people? A. It is the origin of life and can bring bad luck. B. It can wash away happiness and bring bad luck. C. It is the origin of life and can wash away bad luck. D. It can only bring health but not happiness. 29. Which of the following activities is NOT mentioned during the festival? A. Having a big dinner. B. Singing and dancing. C. Dragon-boat races. D. Peacock dances. 30. What is the passage about? A. The Dai ethnic group. B. People’s life in Yunnan C. The importance of water. D. The Water-Splashing Festival. （25·天津河东区一模） Everyone has bad feelings, such as anger, worry, or sadness. But do you know how to deal with your bad emotions (情绪)? ●Breathing (呼吸): Imagine that you smell a flower, and then blow up a balloon. Keep doing it and you can calm down. ●Moving: Do some exercise, such as jumping and running. Sweating helps you relax. ●Talking: Talk to others when you feel worried. ●Hugging: Hug your parents, friends, or your pets. They can make you feel safe. ●Drawing: Paint your feelings with color pens. Remember that you are the master of your emotions, so you should be responsible (负责任的) for your bad emotions. You know where the problem is, and next time you can do better. You will feel hopeful this way. Have a try! 36. How many ways are there to deal with bad emotions? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. 37. If you are worried, what can you do? A. Talk to others. B. Smell a flower. C. Blow up a balloon. D. Do some exercise. 38. If you want to feel safe, what might be a good way? A. Breathing. B. Hugging. C. Moving. D. Drawing. 39. Who should be responsible for your bad emotions? A. Your parents. B. Your friends. C. Your pets. D. Yourself. 40. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To tell us how to deal with bad emotions. B. To tell us how to keep pets. C. To tell us how to calm down. D. To tell us how to paint your feelings. （25·天津河西区一模） People believe that every word has its correct meaning(s). When we are not sure, we usually check online, or turn to our teachers or dictionaries. But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past? Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about. As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used. That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected. For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years. As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A—Z). When this was done, there would be several hundred cards for each single word. Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word. Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him. So, the writing of a dictionary was not a task of inventing meanings of words, but a task of recording their meanings. The writer of a dictionary was a historian, not a lawmaker. As time develops, the way of producing dictionaries has greatly changed. Nowadays, we can use online dictionaries too. When choosing our words in speaking or writing, we can be guided by the dictionary. However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings, are always pushing us to give new uses to old words. 36. Why did dictionary writers read important books? A. To know more about the period. B. To collect words and their uses. C. To understand different subjects. D. To learn to use interesting words. 37. Which shows the correct steps of how dictionaries were made in the past? A. ①—③—④—② B. ①—②—④—③ C. ③—④—②—① D. ③—①—④—② 38. What can we learn from the passage about dictionary writing in the past? A. It should be done by historians. B. It was a task of inventing and recording. C. It was long-time hard work. D. It had to use the law-making rules. 39. What does the writer advise us to do when we choose words in communication? A. Be open to the new uses of words. B. Follow the dictionary strictly. C. Use online dictionaries instead. D. Try to create new words. 40. What’s the main idea of this article? A. Ways to make a dictionary B. Steps to make a dictionary C. The origin of dictionaries D. The history of dictionaries （25·天津河北区一模） I have learned English since I was 10 years old. Everything I was taught at school was about tenses (时态) and other complex grammar. Every day, my teacher asked us to copy new words 10 times. I got fed up with memorizing vocabulary and grammar rules. Gradually, learning English became something I disliked. When I was in 10th grade, my parents bought me a computer. From then on, it became my best helper. I could learn whatever I wanted. I began to listen to music and watch TV shows. The first TV show that I watched was Hannah Montana. It was very funny, and I picked up quite a lot of vocabulary from it, which was an unforgettable learning experience. It was also when I fell in love with the language. I remember back then, I also downloaded a lot of English songs and listened to them every day. Besides, I discovered many websites where people from all over the world exchanged cultures with each other. I made a lot of foreign friends there, and we talked about everything in life. At first, I thought the only reason people learned English was that they wanted to communicate with each other. Not until I immersed (沉浸) myself in the language did I realize that the language itself was the best way to create a strong connection between me and the endless knowledge of the world. I can see a huge improvement in my English skills. Thanks to English, I have learned much more about the world around me. The journey towards language fluency (流利) is not always easy, and I still have a long way to go. I won’t, however, give up on it. I prefer the journey that I’ve been through to the destination ahead. If you don’t know where you are, if you’re not sure what to do next, just do whatever you love. 31. What does the underlined part “got fed up with” probably mean? A. Was good at. B. Was bored of. C. Was interested in. D. Was ashamed at. 32. When did the author begin to enjoy learning English? A. When she got a good teacher. B. When she joined an English club. C. When she found interesting English materials. D. When she traveled to English-speaking countries. 33. Which of the following would the author agree with? A. Language helps people see the world. B. English is a necessary skill for everyone. C. Online learning beats traditional learning. D. Watching TV shows is the best way to learn English. 34. What does the author think of her journey of English learning? A. It’s easy but boring. B. It’s difficult but possible. C. It’s simple but interesting. D. It’s not easy but valuable. 35. What does the author’s learning experience show? A. Interest is the best teacher. B. Do as you would be done by. C. A little learning is a dangerous thing. D. All things are difficult before they are easy. （25·天津滨海新区一模） Robots are already a part of daily life. Factories use robots to make products. Robot servers can take food orders in restaurants. Future robots will be able to do even more. Scientists are working on many kinds of helper robots for people to use in hospitals and in their homes. Some robots can move and talk like people. These provide fun times for people. But robots can teach valuable lessons, too. They can guide a person’s movements to help them overcome physical difficulties. They can help that person learn important body movements. Some people have difficulties with social (社交的) skills. Robots can help them practise. People need special care as they get older. Fewer people are having children, and humans are living longer. So the number of old people who need help is growing. Robots are especially good for the old. They can help them get out of bed, make food, and clean the house. They can even be with an old person, like reminding them to take medicine, helping them exercise, or just chatting with them. These helper robots are not very common yet. But they will be someday. Exciting technological improvements are happening quickly. In the future, these helper robots might make our lives easier. 31. Which tasks do robots do in factories? A. They make products. B. They clean the house. C. They take food order. D. They help people exercise. 32. The underlined word “overcome” means ________ in the second paragraph. A. deal with B. live with C. sleep with D. share with 33. What can robots help people do if they have difficulty making friends? A. Make delicious food. B. Clean the house. C. Practise social skills. D. Move like people. 34. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about robots helping old people? A. They can chat with them. B. They can help them create a new family. C. They can help them get out of bed. D. They can remind them to take medicine. 35. What can we infer (推断) about helper robots in the future? A. They will disappear soon. B. They will only work in factories. C. They will replace all human jobs. D. They will become more common. （25·天津红桥一模） Mantou, Chinese steamed buns (小圆面包), appeared in the bread festival in Paris from May 7th to May 16th. On May 9th, a Chinese attending the festival put a video  on Douyin. In the video, a line of mantou was lying among the baked foods on show. The video quickly went viral on the Internet. In no time, “Chinese Steamed Buns Compete at the French Bread Festival” became a hot topic. It brought much attention to mantou. As a main food, it is seen every day on Chinese dinner tables. It is amazing that  mantou had such a chance to go to France and compete with the foods from different countries. Mantou is made with wheat flour and yeast (酵母). And then it is steamed for about half an hour. When it is freshly cooked, it produces a nice smell and feels soft. And  most people cannot wait to have a bite. Mantou can be also enjoyed in many ways. For example, it can be fried (油炸) or baked to golden brown. Mantou, a traditional Chinese food, now serves more people around the world. Can you see the smile on its face? 31. When did a Chinese put a video about mantou on Douyin? A. On May 6th B. On May 7th. C. On May 9th. D. On May 16th. 32. The words “went viral” in Paragraph 3 mean “ ________”. A. went bad B. got lost C. was forgotten D. became popular 33. Which of the following is NOT true about mantou? A. It is made with wheat flour and yeast. B. It is steamed  for about half an hour. C. It can be enjoyed in only one way. D. It can be fried or baked to golden brown. 34. How does the writer probably feel by asking “Can you see the smile on its face”? A. Proud. B. Sorry. C. Funny. D. Worried. 35. Where could we find this passage? A. In a dictionary. B. In a newspaper C. In a novel. D. In a diary. （25·天津和平区二模） Watch out! The flower of the devil (恶魔) is spreading in China. Many places in China see the spreading of the Canada goldenrod (一枝黄花). It’s a bright yellow flower from North America. The flower is beautiful, but it is hurting China’s environment. According to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the flower first came to China in 1935 as an ornamental plant (观赏植物). In the 1980s, it started to spread to many places. In 2010, China named it as an alien invasive species (外来入侵物种). As an invasive species, there are few plants and animals to stop it. So, it spreads very fast and causes other plants around it to die. Chinese people call it “the flower of the devil”. It is now mostly spreading in Jiangsu, Hubei, Henan and Zhejiang provinces. If you see this flower on the street, please call 12345 to report it. Then, experts will come to kill it. Let’s look after our environment together! 26. According to the passage, we know that the Canada goldenrod is ______ . A. the national flower of Canada B. spreading from China to North America C. beautiful with a bright yellow color D. hurting Canada’s environment 27. When did it first come to China? A. In 1935. B. In the 1980s. C. In 2010. D. Last year. 28. What might the word “causes” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. helps something grow B. makes something beautiful C. makes something happen D. looks after something 29. Why is the flower called “the flower of the devil”? A. Because it can eat other plants. B. Because it hurts China’s environment. C. Because it grows only in a few provinces. D. Because it can even grow on the street. 30. The writer wrote this passage to tell us that ______ . A. many flowers in China come from other countries B. we can help the environment get better with flowers C. it is not easy to grow plants in some provinces D. we should stop the spread of the Canada goldenrod in China （25·天津河东区二模） After a 10-year project to count tuna and other large fish in the world's oceans, scientists have made a very surprising discovery: these fish are almost gone. Because of too much fishing, almost 90 percent of the worldwide population of large fish—the ones we usually eat—has disappeared. If we don’t act, these animals will totally disappear. That will influence every animal in the ocean. The demand for fish is growing. Almost a billion people around the world get their protein (蛋白质) mostly from fish. Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat. But what seems like a healthy choice for humans is causing a disaster to our oceans. “People are consuming (消费) too much,” says Lance Morgan, a scientist at the Marine Conservation Biology Institute. A dish of tuna in restaurants costs more than just one animal's life. When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem (生态系统), the ocean’s food chain (链) breaks down. Animals such as sharks, which normally eat tuna, may die because they find no food. The news may be scary, but taking action from now on can prevent harm that hasn’t happened yet. World organizations are ordering countries to stop fishing too much. The Monterey Bay Aquarium gives seafood choices to anyone hoping to keep healthy without destroying the environment. “If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs,” says Morgan. “Then decide what you’re going to eat.” 31. How does the writer start the text? A. By giving a fact. B. By asking a question. C. By telling a story. D. By using a saying. 32. What does the underlined word “demand” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Wish. B. Support. C. Need. D. Price. 33. From Paragraph 3, we know that ________. A. if sharks die out, tuna will die out soon B. tuna will be more popular in restaurants C. tuna plays an important role in the ecosystem D. tuna disappeared because they found no food 34. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To tell people to stop polluting our oceans. B. To tell people to protect wildlife in oceans. C. To tell people to avoid eating too much seafood. D. To tell people to live a balanced and healthy life. 35. What does the last paragraph of the article explain ________. A. We need to care about wildlife B. We need to eat wild animals C. We need to reflect on our own values and beliefs D. We don’t want to protect wild animals （25·天津南开区二模） During the Tang Dynasty (618—907), Emperor Taizong asked the prime minister Feng Deyi to find talented (有才能的) people. However, several months passed, Feng didn’t find anyone. “I tried my best, but there are not talented people at all,” Feng said. “People are like utensils (器物). What-we need to do is to make good use of their strengths. You should blame (责怪) yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that there are not talented people in our country?” said the emperor. It is true that each utensil has a specific (特定的) function. A knife is made to cut things while chopsticks are made to pick up food. We can’t use a knife as a chopstick. Like a utensil, each person has his or her strength. Nobody is perfect. We can’t expect a person to be good at everything. With this idea in mind, Emperor Taizong discovered many talented people of different backgrounds. He gave them important jobs, which helped them make the most of their talents. His talented people helped the society develop and created a “golden age”. 31. How long did Feng Deyi spend finding talented people? A. A few days. B. Several weeks. C. Several months. D. Over a year. 32. Why couldn’t Feng find any talented people? A. He did not like talented people. B. He was not pleased with the emperor. C. There were not talented people in the country. D. His standards for talented people were wrong. 33. Knives and chopsticks are compared to ________ according to the story. A. jobs B. people C. food D. strengths 34. Which of the following was Emperor Taizong’s idea about talented people? A. Each person has a particular strength. B. Talented people should be good at everything. C. Feng Deyi will never be a talented person. D. People of different backgrounds cannot be talented. 35. What does the story mainly want to tell us? A. Chances are always left for those who are ready. B. There are few talented people so it’s hard to find them. C. A good leader should use people’s abilities in the right way. D. The success of a society depends only on the abilities of its leader. （25·天津红桥二模） The Forbidden City has stood for 600 years. It’s the world’s largest palace made of wood. It lived through fires and wars. But it still stands at the heart of Beijing today. The third emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Yongle, built it from 1406 to 1420. Fourteen emperors of the Ming Dynasty and 10 emperors of the Qing Dynasty lived and worked in it. It took a lot of work to build the palace. About 1 million workers, including 100,000 artisans, took 14 years to build it. The materials (材料) came from all over the country. More than 100,000 pieces of nanmu, a very valuable kind of wood, were sent from Sichuan in China’s far southwest. Fine gold leaf came from Suzhou in Jiangsu province. Clay bricks (黏土砖) were made in Shandong in the east. There is also a 250-ton stone in the palace. It’s the heaviest stone there. People found it in the countryside about 80 km west of Beijing. It was so heavy that people could only transport it during the winter. They poured water onto the road to make ice. Then a team of thousands of workers moved the stone on the ice to bring it to the palace. The Forbidden City in numbers Length: 961 metres Width: 753 metres Area: 723,633 square metres It has 1,050 buildings with over 8,700 rooms. How to keep them safe for so many years? There are many ways to keep the palace safe, such as vats (缸), lightning conductor (避雷针), Dougong, roof of decorations. 31. From Paragraph 1, we know that the Forbidden City ________. A. is the heart of Beijing B. can be set on fire C. is the world’s largest building D. has gone through hard times 32. How many emperors lived in the Forbidden City? A. 13. B. 14. C. 23. D. 24. 33. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. How many workers built the palace. B. The difficulties of building the Forbidden City. C. The importance of building the Forbidden City. D. How valuable the palace’s materials are. 34. How did workers move the 250-ton stone to the palace? A. They moved the stone in water. B. They poured water onto the stone to make ice. C. They built a road to move it. D. They made ice on the road during winter to move it. 35. Which one is not the way to keep the palace safe? A. Lightning conductor. B. Roof decorations. C. Water. D. Vats. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 阅读理解之说明文 年份 考题内容（2021-2025） 命题趋势 2025年 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了灯笼鱼的外形特征、生活习性以及发光功能。 文章主题：涵盖了人物经历、成长故事、亲情友情、冒险经历等丰富多样的主题，贴近学生的生活和认知水平。 篇幅长度：通常在150 - 300 词左右。 难度水平：整体难度适中，会有一定比例的生词，但不影响对文章主旨的理解。 细节理解题：这类题目占比较大，要求考生从文中找到具体的信息，如人物的行为、事件的时间地点等。 主旨大意题：考查对整篇文章核心内容的概括和总结。 推理判断题：需要考生根据文中提供的线索进行推理和判断。 词义猜测题：通过上下文推测生词或短语的含义。 2024年 本文主要介绍了盐从哪里来的。 2023年 本文主要介绍了维他命D的重要性及如何获取维他命D 2022年 本文主要讲述了在Steve妈妈上班时，Steve在家里带着两个弟弟度过愉快一天的经历。 2021年 本文主要讲述了Kevin喜欢骑自行车去上学，他喜欢感受清新空气吹在脸上的感觉，而Mary喜欢走路去上学，她喜欢踢秋天的树叶，她最喜欢看花。 （25·天津中考真题） Lanternfish (灯笼鱼) are fish that carry their own lights. Most lanternfish are brown on top and silver underneath (在下面). They have very large eyes. They eat small sea animals. If you want to find them, you must go deep into the sea. As you go deeper and deeper, the daylight (日光) becomes dimmer and dimmer. At over 152 metres below the surface (表面) of the water, the daylight is almost gone. The water is dark blue. There you will find lanternfish. There are over 230 different kinds of lanternfish in the world. Most lanternfish are just as long as your fingers. Even the biggest lanternfish are only about 15 centimetres (厘米) long. They are not large in size. However, each lanternfish has about 100 small round lights on the lower part of its body. The fish use their lights to help them catch food. They also use their lights to send information so that they can recognise (认出) each other. At night, they may swim up near the surface of the sea. Their lights shine like stars under the water. Lanternfish are one of the wonders of the sea. 31. What is the colour of most lanternfish on top? A. Brown. B. Green. C. Red. D. Silver. 32. What does the word “dimmer” mean in Paragraph 2? A. Quicker. B. Easier. C. Richer. D. Darker. 33. How many kinds of lanternfish are there in the world? A. Over 152. B. Over 230. C. About 15. D. About 100. 34. In order to recognise each other, lanternfish also use lights to ________. A. drink water B. cook food C. send information D. fall asleep 35. In which part of a magazine can we find the passage? A. Art. B. Space. C. Health. D. Nature. 【答案】31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了灯笼鱼的外形特征、生活习性以及发光功能。 31. 细节理解题。根据“Most lanternfish are brown on top and silver underneath (在下面)”可知，大多数灯笼鱼背部是棕色的。故选A。 32. 词句猜测题。根据“the daylight becomes dimmer and dimmer…the daylight is almost gone”可知，随着深度增加，日光逐渐变弱直至几乎消失，因此“dimmer”意为“更暗的”。故选D。 33. 细节理解题。根据“There are over 230 different kinds of lanternfish in the world”可知，全球有超过230种灯笼鱼。故选B。 34. 细节理解题。根据“They also use their lights to send information so that they can recognise (认出) each other”可知，灯笼鱼通过发光传递信息以互相识别。故选C。 35. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文围绕海洋生物灯笼鱼展开，介绍其自然特征，因此最可能出现在杂志的“自然”板块。故选D。 （24·天津中考真题） Salt has always been important to people. In the past, it was as valuable as gold. Over the years, people discovered different ways to get salt. Some early people got salt from rocks. In other places, people got salt from the sea. They took sea water and put it in the sun. After a long time, the water dried up (耗尽). Then people could get salt. Today, people still get salt from the sea. But most salt comes from salt mines (矿) and salt wells (井). How do people get salt from salt mines? They dig deep into the ground for it. To get salt from salt wells, people put two pipes (管子) into the ground. Water is sent down through one of the pipes. And the water is mixed with the salt in salt wells. It makes salt water. Then the salt water is pushed up through the other pipe. Later, the salt is taken out of the salt water. People once worked hard to find and make salt. Now, people can buy it at any food store. 31. Some early people got salt from ________. A. flowers B. fruits C. trees D. rocks 32. Why did people put sea water in the sun? A. To get salt. B. To catch fish. C. To wash clothes. D. To water crops. 33. How do people get salt from salt mines? A. By mixing sand with gold. B. By digging deep into the ground. C. By putting oil on rocks. D. By throwing stones into the sea. 34. What is the right order of getting salt from salt wells? a. The salt is taken out of the salt water. b. Water is sent down through one of the pipes. c. The salt water is pushed up through the other pipe. A. a-b-c B. b-c-a C. c-b-a D. b-a-c 35. The passage is mainly about ________. A. who discovered salt B. when we made salt C. where salt comes from D. how much salt we need 【答案】31. D 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了盐从哪里来的。 31. 细节理解题。根据“Some early people got salt from rocks.”可知，一些早期的人从岩石中得到盐。故选D。 32. 细节理解题。根据“They took sea water and put it in the sun. After a long time, the water dried up (耗尽). Then people could get salt”可知，是为了得到盐，故选A。 33. 细节理解题。根据“They dig deep into the ground for it. To get salt from salt wells, people put two pipes (管子) into the ground.”可知，人们通过深挖地下来从盐矿中获取盐。故选B。 34. 细节理解题。根据“Water is sent down through one of the pipes. And the water is mixed with the salt in salt wells. It makes salt water. Then the salt water is pushed up through the other pipe. Later, the salt is taken out of the salt water.”水通过其中一根管子往下输送。在盐井里，水和盐混合。它产生盐水。然后盐水通过另一根管子被推上来。然后，把盐从盐水中取出。由此可知，正确的顺序是：水通过其中一根管子往下输送→盐水从另一根管子被推上来→从盐水中取出盐。故选B。 35. 主旨大意题。根据“Over the years, people discovered different ways to get salt”，“Today, people still get salt from the sea”以及全文可知，本文主要介绍了盐从哪里来的。故选C。 （23·天津中考真题） About 80% of people do not get enough vitamin (维生素) D every day. But this vitamin is very important for your health. Vitamin D is really important for our bones (骨骼). When we are young, vitamin D builds up our bones and makes them strong. When we are older, we still need vitamin D to keep our bones strong. Our bodies keep the vitamin D in our bones and teeth. Then we lose vitamin D as we work and exercise during the day. But our bodies can’t make vitamin D. So we have to get it from outside of our bodies. Where can a person get this very important vitamin? Vitamin D is in foods like fish and eggs. Sometimes, vitamin D is added to bread, milk, and orange juice. Food is not the only way our bodies can get vitamin D. The sun also gives us vitamin D. If we want to be healthy, we should spend some time in the sun each day. Too much sun is not good for you, but about 15 minutes a day is usually enough. And we should be sure to eat foods that are rich in vitamin D, too. 31. The writer says that vitamin D ________. A. makes our bones strong B. keeps our hair clean C. is not necessary for our teeth D. is harmful to our hearts 32. Why do we have to get vitamin D from outside of our bodies? A. It makes us popular. B. It helps us eat more food. C. Our bodies can’t make vitamin D. D. The more vitamin D, the better. 33. According to the writer, people can get vitamin D by ________. A. eating fish B. watching TV C. working hard D. having a sleep 34. How long are we advised to spend in the sun each day? A. About 15 minutes. B. About 45 minutes. C. About 1 hour. D. About 2 hours. 35. Paragraph 3 mainly tells us ________. A. what vitamin D is B. where we can get vitamin D C. how much vitamin D we need D. why people don’t like vitamin D 【答案】31. A 32. C 33. A 34. A 35. B 【解析】本文主要介绍了维他命D的重要性及如何获取维他命D。 31.细节理解题。根据“When we are young, vitamin D builds up our bones and makes them strong. When we are older, we still need vitamin D to keep our bones strong.”可知维他命D能使我们骨骼强壮。故选A。 32.细节理解题。根据“But our bodies can’t make vitamin D. So we have to get it from outside of our bodies.”可知必须从体外获取维他命D是因为我们的身体不能产生维他命D。故选C。 33.细节理解题。根据“Vitamin D is in foods like fish and eggs.”可知可以通过吃鱼来获取维他命D。故选A。 34.细节理解题。根据“If we want to be healthy, we should spend some time in the sun each day. Too much sun is not good for you, but about 15 minutes a day is usually enough.”可知我们被建议每天在阳光中花费大约15分钟。故选A。 35.段落大意题。根据“Where can a person get this very important vitamin?”及全段内容可知第三段主要讲我们从哪里获得维生素D。故选B。 （22·天津中考真题） People in the office usually sit for most of the day when they work. But this is bad for a person’s health. When people sit for too long every day, they don’t move very much. So it is easy to start getting fat. Sitting too long is also bad for their work because it makes them want to sleep. When this happens, people may make more mistakes in their work or spend more time finishing their work. Companies need workers to be healthy, so how do they fix the problem? Some companies have different types of desks to help their workers. The first type of desk is the standing desk. The desk can be taller when a person wants to stand. It can also be shorter when the person wants to sit. Another type of desk is the walking desk. This desk is made so that a person can work while walking at the same time. Workers in the companies like the different types of desks very much. They think these desks are quite useful. 31. When people in the office work, they usually ________. A. sit B. move C. run D. sing 32. What does the word “fix” mean in Paragraph 1? A. Cause. B. Solve. C. Bring. D. Discuss. 33. How many types of desks are mentioned in Paragraph 2? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 34. What do the workers think of the different types of desks? A. They are cheap. B. They are traditional. C. They are useful. D. They are expensive. 35. The purpose of the passage is to ________. A. tell us the reasons for sitting B. show the advantages of standing C. introduce desks that help people work better D. compare companies that provide different jobs 【答案】31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一些公司使用不同类型的办公桌来帮助他们的员工。 31.细节理解题。根据“People in the office usually sit for most of the day when they work.”可知，办公室里的人通常在工作的时候大部分时间都坐着。故选A。 32.词义猜测题。根据“Companies need workers to be healthy, so how do they fix the problem?”可知，公司需要解决问题，此处fix的意思是“解决”，故选B。 33.细节理解题。根据“The first type...Another type of desk...”可知，提到了两种类型办公桌，故选A。 34.细节理解题。根据“They think these desks are quite useful.”可知，员工们认为这些办公桌很有用，故选C。 35.主旨大意题。根据“Some companies have different types of desks to help their workers.”可知，本文介绍一些公司使用不同类型的办公桌来帮助他们的员工，故选C。 （21·天津中考真题） When the days grew long in the middle of summer, Lisa liked to go to the park and watch the clouds. One day, Lisa saw a cloud that looked like a standing dragon. After a few minutes it became a flying dragon. Then it seemed to change direction. Another cloud moved in to mix with it, and the dragon changed into a dancing elephant. Then it became a sitting dog then a barking（吠、叫）dog, and then a tiger. “This is better than TV!” Lisa shouted. Mr Thomas, the music teacher at Lisa’s school, was flying a kite with his son in the park. He heard Lisa’s voice. He gave the kite string（线）to his son and came to Lisa. “Hi, Mr Thomas!” Lisa said. “Look at those clouds. They keep changing! First they looked like a dragon, then an elephant, then a dog, and now a tiger!” Mr Thomas looked up. “A tiger?” he said. “That looks like a horse to me. It’s running towards the sun, That’s so lively.” Lisa looked again. He was right! “How do clouds know how to make so many shapes?” The clouds don’t know how to make shapes. Your imagination（想象力）helps you see those shapes in the clouds, “Mr Thomas answered as the horse changed into a chicken.” 31. What did Lisa like to do in the park in the middle of summer? A. Train her dog. B. Watch the clouds. C. Feed animals. D. Read books. 32. Lisa found that “a barking dog” in the clouds changed into “________”. A. a dragon B. an elephant C. a tiger D. a giraffe 33. What was Mr Thomas doing in the park when Lisa shouted? A. Studying plants B. Flying a kite C. Having music lessons. D. Playing tennis. 34. What did Mr Thomas think of the running horse in the clouds? A. It was strong. B. It was shy. C. It was noisy. D. It was lively. 35. According to Mr Thomas, what helped Lisa see different shapes in the clouds? A. Tradition. B. Silence. C. Imagination. D. Environment. 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了丽莎在盛夏的白天去公园看云的景象。 31.细节理解题。根据文中“When the days grew long in the middle of summer, Lisa liked to go to the park and watch the clouds.”可知，在盛夏丽莎喜欢去公园里看云。故选B。 32.细节理解题。根据文中“Then it became a sitting dog then a barking（吠、叫）dog, and then a tiger.”可知，丽莎发现云中的“吠狗”变成了“老虎”。故选C。 33.细节理解题。根据文中“Mr Thomas, the music teacher at Lisa’s school, was flying a kite with his son in the park. He heard Lisa’s voice.”可知，丽莎大叫时托马斯先生在公园里放风筝。故选B。 34.细节理解题。根据文中“That’s so lively.”可知，托马斯先生认为云中的跑马很活泼。故选D。 35. 细节理解题。根据文中“Your imagination（想象力）helps you see those shapes in the clouds,”可知，据托马斯先生说，是想象力帮助丽莎在云层中看到了不同的形状。故选C （25·天津南开区一模） April 13 is the Water-Splashing Festival for Dai ethnic group (傣族) in Yunnan. It usually goes on for three to seven days. In the festival, men and women, old and young, all dressed in beautiful clothes, singing, dancing and splashing water on each other. In their eyes water is the origin (起源) of life. And it can also wash away bad luck and bring happiness and health to people. So the more water one person gets, the more luck he or she will have, and the happier he or she will be. There are other interesting activities on that day. The Dai people also have dragon-boat races and peacock (孔雀) dances on this festival. So if you travel to Yunnan during this time, come and join them together! 26. When does the Water-Splashing Festival begin? A. April 12. B. April 13. C. April 14. D. April 15. 27. Who celebrates the Water-Splashing Festival? A. Old people. B. Men and women. C. Young people D. The Dai people. 28. What does the water mean in the eyes of the Dai people? A. It is the origin of life and can bring bad luck. B. It can wash away happiness and bring bad luck. C. It is the origin of life and can wash away bad luck. D. It can only bring health but not happiness. 29. Which of the following activities is NOT mentioned during the festival? A. Having a big dinner. B. Singing and dancing. C. Dragon-boat races. D. Peacock dances. 30. What is the passage about? A. The Dai ethnic group. B. People’s life in Yunnan C. The importance of water. D. The Water-Splashing Festival. 【答案】26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 【解析】本文主要介绍了傣族的泼水节。 26. 细节理解题。根据“April 13 is the Water-Splashing Festival for Dai ethnic group (傣族) in Yunnan. It usually goes on for three to seven days.”可知，傣族泼水节从4月13日开始，持续3到7天。故选B。 27. 细节理解题。根据“In the festival, men and women, old and young, all dressed in beautiful clothes, singing, dancing and splashing water on each other.”可知，傣族人民都会庆祝泼水节。故选D。 28. 细节理解题。根据“In their eyes water is the origin (起源) of life. And it can also wash away bad luck and bring happiness and health to people.”可知，水在傣族人民眼里是生命的起源，可以冲走坏运气和带来快乐与健康。故选C。 29. 细节理解题。根据“all dressed in beautiful clothes, singing, dancing and splashing water on each other”以及“The Dai people also have dragon-boat races and peacock (孔雀) dances on this festival.”可知，泼水节的活动中，没有吃大餐。故选A。 30. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了傣族的泼水节。故选D。 （25·天津河东区一模） Everyone has bad feelings, such as anger, worry, or sadness. But do you know how to deal with your bad emotions (情绪)? ●Breathing (呼吸): Imagine that you smell a flower, and then blow up a balloon. Keep doing it and you can calm down. ●Moving: Do some exercise, such as jumping and running. Sweating helps you relax. ●Talking: Talk to others when you feel worried. ●Hugging: Hug your parents, friends, or your pets. They can make you feel safe. ●Drawing: Paint your feelings with color pens. Remember that you are the master of your emotions, so you should be responsible (负责任的) for your bad emotions. You know where the problem is, and next time you can do better. You will feel hopeful this way. Have a try! 36. How many ways are there to deal with bad emotions? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. 37. If you are worried, what can you do? A. Talk to others. B. Smell a flower. C. Blow up a balloon. D. Do some exercise. 38. If you want to feel safe, what might be a good way? A. Breathing. B. Hugging. C. Moving. D. Drawing. 39. Who should be responsible for your bad emotions? A. Your parents. B. Your friends. C. Your pets. D. Yourself. 40. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To tell us how to deal with bad emotions. B. To tell us how to keep pets. C. To tell us how to calm down. D. To tell us how to paint your feelings. 【答案】36. C 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. A 【解析】本文主要介绍如何处理你的坏情绪。 36. 细节理解题。根据“Breathing (呼吸)”，“Moving”，“Talking”，“Hugging”和“Drawing”可知，提到五种方法，故选C。 37. 细节理解题。根据“Talk to others when you feel worried.”可知，当你感到担心的时候，和别人谈谈。故选A。 38. 细节理解题。根据“Hug your parents, friends, or your pets. They can make you feel safe.”可知，拥抱你的父母、朋友或宠物。他们能让你有安全感。故选B。 39. 细节理解题。根据“Remember that you are the master of your emotions, so you should be responsible (负责任的) for your bad emotions.”可知，你应该对自己的坏情绪负责。故选D。 40. 主旨大意题。根据“But do you know how to deal with your bad emotions (情绪)?”可知，本文主要介绍如何处理你的坏情绪，故选A。 （25·天津河西区一模） People believe that every word has its correct meaning(s). When we are not sure, we usually check online, or turn to our teachers or dictionaries. But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past? Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about. As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used. That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected. For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years. As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A—Z). When this was done, there would be several hundred cards for each single word. Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word. Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him. So, the writing of a dictionary was not a task of inventing meanings of words, but a task of recording their meanings. The writer of a dictionary was a historian, not a lawmaker. As time develops, the way of producing dictionaries has greatly changed. Nowadays, we can use online dictionaries too. When choosing our words in speaking or writing, we can be guided by the dictionary. However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings, are always pushing us to give new uses to old words. 36. Why did dictionary writers read important books? A. To know more about the period. B. To collect words and their uses. C. To understand different subjects. D. To learn to use interesting words. 37. Which shows the correct steps of how dictionaries were made in the past? A. ①—③—④—② B. ①—②—④—③ C. ③—④—②—① D. ③—①—④—② 38. What can we learn from the passage about dictionary writing in the past? A. It should be done by historians. B. It was a task of inventing and recording. C. It was long-time hard work. D. It had to use the law-making rules. 39. What does the writer advise us to do when we choose words in communication? A. Be open to the new uses of words. B. Follow the dictionary strictly. C. Use online dictionaries instead. D. Try to create new words. 40. What’s the main idea of this article? A. Ways to make a dictionary B. Steps to make a dictionary C. The origin of dictionaries D. The history of dictionaries 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A 40. A 【解析】本文主要讲述了词典的制作过程及其演变。 36. 细节理解题。根据“Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about. As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used.”可知，词典编纂者阅读重要书籍的目的是为了收集单词及其用法。故选B。 37. 细节理解题。根据“That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected”及“As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A—Z).”可知，先收集单词及其用法，然后按照字母顺序排列；根据“Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word. Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him.”可知，词典编纂者筛选卡片，根据该词的常见用法将卡片分开。最后，按照硬性规定写下定义。因此正确的顺序是③—①—④—②。故选D。 38. 推理判断题。根据“For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years.”可知，过去编纂词典是一项长期艰苦的工作。故选C。 39. 推理判断题。根据“However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings, are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.”可知，作者建议我们要接受词汇的新用法。故选A。 40. 主旨大意题。根据“But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past?”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了词典的制作过程及其演变。故选A。 （25·天津河北区一模） I have learned English since I was 10 years old. Everything I was taught at school was about tenses (时态) and other complex grammar. Every day, my teacher asked us to copy new words 10 times. I got fed up with memorizing vocabulary and grammar rules. Gradually, learning English became something I disliked. When I was in 10th grade, my parents bought me a computer. From then on, it became my best helper. I could learn whatever I wanted. I began to listen to music and watch TV shows. The first TV show that I watched was Hannah Montana. It was very funny, and I picked up quite a lot of vocabulary from it, which was an unforgettable learning experience. It was also when I fell in love with the language. I remember back then, I also downloaded a lot of English songs and listened to them every day. Besides, I discovered many websites where people from all over the world exchanged cultures with each other. I made a lot of foreign friends there, and we talked about everything in life. At first, I thought the only reason people learned English was that they wanted to communicate with each other. Not until I immersed (沉浸) myself in the language did I realize that the language itself was the best way to create a strong connection between me and the endless knowledge of the world. I can see a huge improvement in my English skills. Thanks to English, I have learned much more about the world around me. The journey towards language fluency (流利) is not always easy, and I still have a long way to go. I won’t, however, give up on it. I prefer the journey that I’ve been through to the destination ahead. If you don’t know where you are, if you’re not sure what to do next, just do whatever you love. 31. What does the underlined part “got fed up with” probably mean? A. Was good at. B. Was bored of. C. Was interested in. D. Was ashamed at. 32. When did the author begin to enjoy learning English? A. When she got a good teacher. B. When she joined an English club. C. When she found interesting English materials. D. When she traveled to English-speaking countries. 33. Which of the following would the author agree with? A. Language helps people see the world. B. English is a necessary skill for everyone. C. Online learning beats traditional learning. D. Watching TV shows is the best way to learn English. 34. What does the author think of her journey of English learning? A. It’s easy but boring. B. It’s difficult but possible. C. It’s simple but interesting. D. It’s not easy but valuable. 35. What does the author’s learning experience show? A. Interest is the best teacher. B. Do as you would be done by. C. A little learning is a dangerous thing. D. All things are difficult before they are easy. 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. A 【解析】本文讲述作者如何通过兴趣重拾英语学习的热情。 31. 词句猜测题。根据“my teacher asked us to copy new words 10 times.”和“I disliked”可知“got fed up with”意为“厌倦”，故选B。 32. 细节理解题。根据“I began to listen to music and watch TV shows”及“I fell in love with the language”可知她是通过有趣的英语材料喜欢上英语的，故选C。 33. 推理判断题。根据“the best way to create a strong connection between me and the endless knowledge of the world”可知作者认为语言有助于了解世界，故选A。 34. 推理判断题。根据“I prefer the journey…” 和“The journey... is not always easy”可知她认为学习过程虽然不易但有价值，故选D。 35. 主旨大意题。整篇文章围绕作者因兴趣爱上英语学习展开，说明“兴趣是最好的老师”，故选A。 （25·天津滨海新区一模） Robots are already a part of daily life. Factories use robots to make products. Robot servers can take food orders in restaurants. Future robots will be able to do even more. Scientists are working on many kinds of helper robots for people to use in hospitals and in their homes. Some robots can move and talk like people. These provide fun times for people. But robots can teach valuable lessons, too. They can guide a person’s movements to help them overcome physical difficulties. They can help that person learn important body movements. Some people have difficulties with social (社交的) skills. Robots can help them practise. People need special care as they get older. Fewer people are having children, and humans are living longer. So the number of old people who need help is growing. Robots are especially good for the old. They can help them get out of bed, make food, and clean the house. They can even be with an old person, like reminding them to take medicine, helping them exercise, or just chatting with them. These helper robots are not very common yet. But they will be someday. Exciting technological improvements are happening quickly. In the future, these helper robots might make our lives easier. 31. Which tasks do robots do in factories? A. They make products. B. They clean the house. C. They take food order. D. They help people exercise. 32. The underlined word “overcome” means ________ in the second paragraph. A. deal with B. live with C. sleep with D. share with 33. What can robots help people do if they have difficulty making friends? A. Make delicious food. B. Clean the house. C. Practise social skills. D. Move like people. 34. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about robots helping old people? A. They can chat with them. B. They can help them create a new family. C. They can help them get out of bed. D. They can remind them to take medicine. 35. What can we infer (推断) about helper robots in the future? A. They will disappear soon. B. They will only work in factories. C. They will replace all human jobs. D. They will become more common. 【答案】31. A 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了机器人在日常生活中的应用及其未来发展前景。 31. 细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Factories use robots to make products.”可知，机器人在工厂的任务是制造产品。故选A。 32. 词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“They can guide a person’s movements to help them overcome physical difficulties.”可知，它们可以指导人的动作，帮助他们克服身体困难，结合语境，“overcome”意为“deal with”。故选A。 33. 细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Some people have difficulties with social skills. Robots can help them practise.”可知，机器人能帮助社交困难的人练习社交技能。故选C。 34. 细节理解题。根据文章第3段，机器人帮助老人的内容包括：起床、提醒吃药、聊天，但未提及“帮助组建新家庭”。故选B。 35. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“These helper robots are not very common yet. But they will be someday.”可知，未来机器人会更普遍。故选D。 （25·天津红桥一模） Mantou, Chinese steamed buns (小圆面包), appeared in the bread festival in Paris from May 7th to May 16th. On May 9th, a Chinese attending the festival put a video  on Douyin. In the video, a line of mantou was lying among the baked foods on show. The video quickly went viral on the Internet. In no time, “Chinese Steamed Buns Compete at the French Bread Festival” became a hot topic. It brought much attention to mantou. As a main food, it is seen every day on Chinese dinner tables. It is amazing that  mantou had such a chance to go to France and compete with the foods from different countries. Mantou is made with wheat flour and yeast (酵母). And then it is steamed for about half an hour. When it is freshly cooked, it produces a nice smell and feels soft. And  most people cannot wait to have a bite. Mantou can be also enjoyed in many ways. For example, it can be fried (油炸) or baked to golden brown. Mantou, a traditional Chinese food, now serves more people around the world. Can you see the smile on its face? 31. When did a Chinese put a video about mantou on Douyin? A. On May 6th B. On May 7th. C. On May 9th. D. On May 16th. 32. The words “went viral” in Paragraph 3 mean “ ________”. A. went bad B. got lost C. was forgotten D. became popular 33. Which of the following is NOT true about mantou? A. It is made with wheat flour and yeast. B. It is steamed  for about half an hour. C. It can be enjoyed in only one way. D. It can be fried or baked to golden brown. 34. How does the writer probably feel by asking “Can you see the smile on its face”? A. Proud. B. Sorry. C. Funny. D. Worried. 35. Where could we find this passage? A. In a dictionary. B. In a newspaper C. In a novel. D. In a diary. 【答案】31. C 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】本文主要介绍了作为一种传统中国食品——馒头，于5月7日至16日在巴黎的面包节上亮相。作为中国餐桌上的主食馒头有机会去法国与来自不同国家的食品竞争。 31. 细节理解题。根据“On May 9th, a Chinese attending the festival put a video on Douyin.”可知，在 5 月 9 日有人在抖音发布关于馒头的视频，故选C。 32. 词句猜测题。根据“'Chinese Steamed Buns Compete at the French Bread Festival' became a hot topic.” 可知这个视频在网上变得很受欢迎，“went viral”意思是 “变得流行”，故选D。 33. 细节理解题。根据“Mantou can be also enjoyed in many ways.”可知，馒头吃法多样，C选项说只有一种吃法错误，故选C。 34. 观点态度题。根据“Mantou, a traditional Chinese food, now serves more people around the world.” 可知作者对传统食物走向世界充满自豪之情，“Proud”指“自豪的”，故选A。 35. 文章出处题。这篇文章介绍了馒头参加法国面包节的事件，可能出现在报纸上，故选B。 （25·天津和平区二模） Watch out! The flower of the devil (恶魔) is spreading in China. Many places in China see the spreading of the Canada goldenrod (一枝黄花). It’s a bright yellow flower from North America. The flower is beautiful, but it is hurting China’s environment. According to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the flower first came to China in 1935 as an ornamental plant (观赏植物). In the 1980s, it started to spread to many places. In 2010, China named it as an alien invasive species (外来入侵物种). As an invasive species, there are few plants and animals to stop it. So, it spreads very fast and causes other plants around it to die. Chinese people call it “the flower of the devil”. It is now mostly spreading in Jiangsu, Hubei, Henan and Zhejiang provinces. If you see this flower on the street, please call 12345 to report it. Then, experts will come to kill it. Let’s look after our environment together! 26. According to the passage, we know that the Canada goldenrod is ______ . A. the national flower of Canada B. spreading from China to North America C. beautiful with a bright yellow color D. hurting Canada’s environment 27. When did it first come to China? A. In 1935. B. In the 1980s. C. In 2010. D. Last year. 28. What might the word “causes” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. helps something grow B. makes something beautiful C. makes something happen D. looks after something 29. Why is the flower called “the flower of the devil”? A. Because it can eat other plants. B. Because it hurts China’s environment. C. Because it grows only in a few provinces. D. Because it can even grow on the street. 30. The writer wrote this passage to tell us that ______ . A. many flowers in China come from other countries B. we can help the environment get better with flowers C. it is not easy to grow plants in some provinces D. we should stop the spread of the Canada goldenrod in China 【答案】26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 【解析】导语：本文介绍了一种名为一枝黄花的外来植物在中国迅速扩散的现象，说明它虽然外表美丽，却会破坏生态环境，并呼吁人们积极举报，共同保护环境。 26. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It’s a bright yellow flower from North America. The flower is beautiful…”可知，这种花颜色鲜黄且漂亮，故选C。 27. 细节理解题。根据第二段“the flower first came to China in 1935…”可知，这种花是1935年传入中国的，故选A。 28. 词句猜测题。根据句子“So, it spreads very fast and causes other plants around it to die”可知，这种花扩散得很快，导致其他植物死亡，cause在此表示“引起、导致”，即makes something happen，故选C。 29. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“So, it spreads very fast and causes other plants around it to die. Chinese people call it ‘the flower of the devil’”可知，这种植物会危害生态环境，因此被称为“恶魔之花”，故选B。 30. 主旨大意题。文章多次强调这种植物对环境的破坏，并呼吁人们发现后立即报告，说明作者写此文的目的是提醒人们共同防止一枝黄花在中国扩散，故选D。 （25·天津河东区二模） After a 10-year project to count tuna and other large fish in the world's oceans, scientists have made a very surprising discovery: these fish are almost gone. Because of too much fishing, almost 90 percent of the worldwide population of large fish—the ones we usually eat—has disappeared. If we don’t act, these animals will totally disappear. That will influence every animal in the ocean. The demand for fish is growing. Almost a billion people around the world get their protein (蛋白质) mostly from fish. Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat. But what seems like a healthy choice for humans is causing a disaster to our oceans. “People are consuming (消费) too much,” says Lance Morgan, a scientist at the Marine Conservation Biology Institute. A dish of tuna in restaurants costs more than just one animal's life. When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem (生态系统), the ocean’s food chain (链) breaks down. Animals such as sharks, which normally eat tuna, may die because they find no food. The news may be scary, but taking action from now on can prevent harm that hasn’t happened yet. World organizations are ordering countries to stop fishing too much. The Monterey Bay Aquarium gives seafood choices to anyone hoping to keep healthy without destroying the environment. “If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs,” says Morgan. “Then decide what you’re going to eat.” 31. How does the writer start the text? A. By giving a fact. B. By asking a question. C. By telling a story. D. By using a saying. 32. What does the underlined word “demand” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Wish. B. Support. C. Need. D. Price. 33. From Paragraph 3, we know that ________. A. if sharks die out, tuna will die out soon B. tuna will be more popular in restaurants C. tuna plays an important role in the ecosystem D. tuna disappeared because they found no food 34. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To tell people to stop polluting our oceans. B. To tell people to protect wildlife in oceans. C. To tell people to avoid eating too much seafood. D. To tell people to live a balanced and healthy life. 35. What does the last paragraph of the article explain ________. A. We need to care about wildlife B. We need to eat wild animals C. We need to reflect on our own values and beliefs D. We don’t want to protect wild animals 【答案】31. A 32. C 33. C 34. B 35. C 【解析】本文作者通过科学家10年对金枪鱼的研究数据，向读者说明由于人们对鱼类需求的增加，造成了海洋生态系统的破坏，呼吁人们保护海洋中的野生动物。 31. 推理判断题。根据“After a 10-year project to count tuna and other large fish in the world’s oceans, scientists have made a very surprising discovery...”可知，作者根据科学家研究发现事实引入本文内容。故选A。 32. 词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子后面内容“Almost a billion people around the world get their protein (蛋白质) mostly from fish. Doctors praise seafood for being low in fat.”可知，很多人从鱼肉中获取蛋白质，医生也称赞海洋食物低脂肪，推测出因此造成了对鱼类需求的增加。因此，demand意为“需求”，与need同义。故选C。 33. 推理判断题。根据“When fish like tuna disappear from the ecosystem (生态系统), the ocean’s food chain (链) breaks down.”可知，金枪鱼在生态系统中起着重要作用。故选C。 34. 推理判断题。根据“If we don’t act, these animals will totally disappear.”和“If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs”可知，作者通过本文想要呼吁人们保护海洋中的野生动物。故选B。 35. 细节理解题。根据“ ‘If you care about wildlife, first spend time and think about your own values and beliefs,’ says Morgan. ‘Then decide what you’re going to eat.’ ”可知，作者在最后一段表明了我们需要反思我们自己的价值观和信仰，故选C。 （25·天津南开区二模） During the Tang Dynasty (618—907), Emperor Taizong asked the prime minister Feng Deyi to find talented (有才能的) people. However, several months passed, Feng didn’t find anyone. “I tried my best, but there are not talented people at all,” Feng said. “People are like utensils (器物). What-we need to do is to make good use of their strengths. You should blame (责怪) yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that there are not talented people in our country?” said the emperor. It is true that each utensil has a specific (特定的) function. A knife is made to cut things while chopsticks are made to pick up food. We can’t use a knife as a chopstick. Like a utensil, each person has his or her strength. Nobody is perfect. We can’t expect a person to be good at everything. With this idea in mind, Emperor Taizong discovered many talented people of different backgrounds. He gave them important jobs, which helped them make the most of their talents. His talented people helped the society develop and created a “golden age”. 31. How long did Feng Deyi spend finding talented people? A. A few days. B. Several weeks. C. Several months. D. Over a year. 32. Why couldn’t Feng find any talented people? A. He did not like talented people. B. He was not pleased with the emperor. C. There were not talented people in the country. D. His standards for talented people were wrong. 33. Knives and chopsticks are compared to ________ according to the story. A. jobs B. people C. food D. strengths 34. Which of the following was Emperor Taizong’s idea about talented people? A. Each person has a particular strength. B. Talented people should be good at everything. C. Feng Deyi will never be a talented person. D. People of different backgrounds cannot be talented. 35. What does the story mainly want to tell us? A. Chances are always left for those who are ready. B. There are few talented people so it’s hard to find them. C. A good leader should use people’s abilities in the right way. D. The success of a society depends only on the abilities of its leader. 【答案】31. C 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】本文讲述了唐太宗如何通过正确利用人们的才能，发现并任用不同背景的有才能的人，从而帮助社会发展和创造“黄金时代”的故事。 31. 细节理解题。根据“However, several months passed, Feng didn’t find anyone.”可知，冯德义花费了几个月的时间寻找有才能的人。故选C。 32. 细节理解题。根据“You should blame (责怪) yourself for not noticing talented people. How could you say that there are not talented people in our country?”可知，冯德义找不到有才能的人是因为他的标准有误，而不是因为国家没有有才能的人。故选D。 33. 细节理解题。根据“A knife is made to cut things while chopsticks are made to pick up food. We can’t use a knife as a chopstick. Like a utensil, each person has his or her strength..”可知，刀和筷子被比作人，因为每个人都有其特定的长处。故选B。 34. 细节理解题。根据“Like a utensil, each person has his or her strength. Nobody is perfect. We can’t expect a person to be good at everything.”可知，唐太宗认为每个人都有其特定的长处，而不是要求一个人擅长所有事情。故选A。 35. 主旨大意题。根据“With this idea in mind, Emperor Taizong discovered many talented people of different backgrounds. He gave them important jobs, which helped them make the most of their talents.”可知，故事主要想告诉我们，一个好的领导者应该以正确的方式利用人们的能力。故选C。 （25·天津红桥二模） The Forbidden City has stood for 600 years. It’s the world’s largest palace made of wood. It lived through fires and wars. But it still stands at the heart of Beijing today. The third emperor of the Ming Dynasty, Emperor Yongle, built it from 1406 to 1420. Fourteen emperors of the Ming Dynasty and 10 emperors of the Qing Dynasty lived and worked in it. It took a lot of work to build the palace. About 1 million workers, including 100,000 artisans, took 14 years to build it. The materials (材料) came from all over the country. More than 100,000 pieces of nanmu, a very valuable kind of wood, were sent from Sichuan in China’s far southwest. Fine gold leaf came from Suzhou in Jiangsu province. Clay bricks (黏土砖) were made in Shandong in the east. There is also a 250-ton stone in the palace. It’s the heaviest stone there. People found it in the countryside about 80 km west of Beijing. It was so heavy that people could only transport it during the winter. They poured water onto the road to make ice. Then a team of thousands of workers moved the stone on the ice to bring it to the palace. The Forbidden City in numbers Length: 961 metres Width: 753 metres Area: 723,633 square metres It has 1,050 buildings with over 8,700 rooms. How to keep them safe for so many years? There are many ways to keep the palace safe, such as vats (缸), lightning conductor (避雷针), Dougong, roof of decorations. 31. From Paragraph 1, we know that the Forbidden City ________. A. is the heart of Beijing B. can be set on fire C. is the world’s largest building D. has gone through hard times 32. How many emperors lived in the Forbidden City? A. 13. B. 14. C. 23. D. 24. 33. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. How many workers built the palace. B. The difficulties of building the Forbidden City. C. The importance of building the Forbidden City. D. How valuable the palace’s materials are. 34. How did workers move the 250-ton stone to the palace? A. They moved the stone in water. B. They poured water onto the stone to make ice. C. They built a road to move it. D. They made ice on the road during winter to move it. 35. Which one is not the way to keep the palace safe? A. Lightning conductor. B. Roof decorations. C. Water. D. Vats. 【答案】31. D 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了有关紫禁城的相关信息。 31. 细节理解题。根据“It lived through fires and wars.”可知，紫禁城经历了艰难的时期。故选D。 32. 细节理解题。根据“Fourteen emperors of the Ming Dynasty and 10 emperors of the Qing Dynasty lived and worked in it.”可知，明朝的14位皇帝和清朝的10位皇帝在这里生活和工作，所以紫禁城里住过24位皇帝。故选D。 33. 主旨大意题。根据“It took a lot of work to build the palace.”并结合下文可知，第三段主要讲了建造紫禁城的困难。故选B。 34. 细节理解题。根据“They poured water onto the road to make ice. Then a team of thousands of workers moved the stone on the ice to bring it to the palace.”可知，工人们在冬天把水倒在路上结冰，来移动250吨重的石头，将其运到宫殿。故选D。 35. 细节理解题。根据“How to keep them safe for so many years? There are many ways to keep the palace safe, such as vats (缸), lightning conductor (避雷针), Dougong, roof of decorations.”可知，可以通过缸、避雷针、斗拱、装饰屋顶等方式保护宫殿的安全，没有提到水。故选C。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$