Unit 1 Friendship.期末派生法背记单词2025-2026学年译林版（2024） 八年级英语上册

译林版八上Unit 1 Friendship.期末派生法背记单词 序号 原词 例句 派生词 派生词例句 1 friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/ n. 友谊 Friendship is built on trust. 友谊建立在信任之上。 friend /frend/ n. 朋友friendly /ˈfrendli/ adj. 友好的 He made a new friend at school. 他在学校交了新朋友。 She is friendly to everyone she meets. 她对遇见的每个人都很友好。 2 honest /ˈɑːnɪst/ adj. 诚实的 It's important to be honest with others. 对他人诚实很重要。 honesty /ˈɑːnəsti/ n. 诚实dishonest /dɪsˈɑːnɪst/ adj. 不诚实的 Honesty is the best policy. 诚实为上策。 Don't trust someone who is dishonest. 不要信任不诚实的人。 3 cheerful /ˈtʃɪrfl/ adj. 快乐的 She always has a cheerful smile. 她总是带着快乐的微笑。 cheer /tʃɪr/ v. 欢呼cheerfully /ˈtʃɪrflɪ/ adv. 快乐地 The crowd began to cheer loudly. 人群开始大声欢呼。 He finished the work cheerfully. 他快乐地完成了工作。 4 humorous /ˈhjuːmərəs/ adj. 幽默的 The teacher told a humorous story. 老师讲了一个幽默的故事。 humour /ˈhjuːmər/ n. 幽默humorously /ˈhjuːmərəsli/ adv. 幽默地 She has a good sense of humour. 她很有幽默感。 He described the situation humorously. 他幽默地描述了那个情景。 5 caring /ˈkerɪŋ/ adj. 关心他人的 My mother is a caring person. 我的妈妈是个关心他人的人。 care /ker/ v. 关心careful /ˈkerfl/ adj. 仔细的 He doesn't care about money. 他不在乎钱。 Be careful when you cross the road. 过马路时要仔细。 6 truth /truːθ/ n. 真相 Tell me the truth about what happened. 告诉我发生了什么的真相。 true /truː/ adj. 真实的truly /ˈtruːli/ adv. 真正地 Is this story true? 这个故事是真实的吗？ I truly believe he is innocent. 我真正相信他是无辜的。 7 joke /dʒoʊk/ n. 笑话 He told a joke and everyone laughed. 他讲了个笑话，大家都笑了。 joker /ˈdʒoʊkər/ n. 说笑话的人joking /ˈdʒoʊkɪŋ/ adj. 开玩笑的 He is a popular joker in the class. 他是班里受欢迎的笑话大王。 She was just joking when she said that. 她说那话只是在开玩笑。 8 laugh /læf/ v. 笑 We all laugh at his funny story. 我们都因他的有趣故事而笑。 laughter /ˈlæftər/ n. 笑声laughing /ˈlæfɪŋ/ adj. 笑的 The room was filled with laughter. 房间里充满了笑声。 She had a laughing expression on her face. 她脸上带着笑意。 9 teenager /ˈtiːneɪdʒər/ n. 青少年 Most teenagers like listening to music. 大多数青少年喜欢听音乐。 teenage /ˈtiːneɪdʒ/ adj. 青少年的teens /tiːnz/ n. 十几岁 He wrote a book about teenage life. 他写了一本关于青少年生活的书。 She started playing the piano in her teens. 她在十几岁时开始弹钢琴。 10 unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/ adj. 不开心的 She felt unhappy because of the bad news. 她因坏消息而感到不开心。 happy /ˈhæpi/ adj. 开心的happiness /ˈhæpinəs/ n. 幸福 We are happy to see you again. 我们很高兴再次见到你。 Money can't buy true happiness. 金钱买不到真正的幸福。 11 lie /laɪ/ v. 撒谎 Don't lie to your parents. 不要对父母撒谎。 liar /ˈlaɪər/ n. 撒谎者lying /ˈlaɪɪŋ/ v. 撒谎（现在分词） No one likes to be friends with a liar. 没人喜欢和撒谎者做朋友。 He is lying about where he was last night. 他在撒谎昨晚在哪里。 12 person /ˈpɜːrsn/ n. 人 She is a kind and helpful person. 她是个善良且乐于助人的人。 personal /ˈpɜːrsənl/ adj. 个人的personally /ˈpɜːrsənəli/ adv. 就个人而言 This is my personal opinion. 这是我的个人观点。 Personally, I prefer reading to watching TV. 就个人而言，我更喜欢读书而不是看电视。 13 thought /θɔːt/ n. 想法 I had a thought about how to solve the problem. 我有一个解决问题的想法。 think /θɪŋk/ v. 思考thoughtful /ˈθɔːtfl/ adj. 体贴的 Think carefully before you answer. 回答前仔细思考。 He is a thoughtful boy who always helps others. 他是个体贴的男孩，总是帮助别人。 14 ponytail /ˈpoʊniteɪl/ n. 马尾辫（合成词） She wears her hair in a ponytail every day. 她每天把头发梳成马尾辫。 pony /ˈpoʊni/ n. 小马tail /teɪl/ n. 尾巴 A pony is a small horse. 小马是一种小型马。 The dog wags its tail when it's happy. 狗开心时会摇尾巴。 15 seat /siːt/ n. 座位 Please take a seat and wait for your turn. 请坐下等待轮到你。 seater /ˈsiːtər/ n. 有…座位的seating /ˈsiːtɪŋ/ n. 座位安排 This car is a five-seater. 这辆车是五座的。 The seating plan for the party is ready. 聚会的座位安排准备好了。 16 schoolwork /ˈskuːlwɜːrk/ n. 作业（合成词） She spends two hours on her schoolwork every day. 她每天花两小时做作业。 school /skuːl/ n. 学校work /wɜːrk/ n. 作业 He goes to school by bus. 他乘公交车去学校。 17 trustworthy /ˈtrʌstwɜːrði/ adj. 值得信任的（合成词） He is a trustworthy friend who never tells lies. 他是个从不说谎、值得信任的朋友。 trust /trʌst/ v. 信任worthy /ˈwɜːrði/ adj. 值得的 I trust him to keep my secret. 我信任他会保守我的秘密。 The book is worthy of reading. 这本书值得一读。 18 patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ adj. 有耐心的 The teacher is patient with her students. 老师对学生有耐心。 patience /ˈpeɪʃns/ n. 耐心patiently /ˈpeɪʃntli/ adv. 耐心地 Learning a language requires a lot of patience. 学习语言需要很多耐心。She waited patiently for the bus. 她耐心地等公交车。 19 understand /ˌʌndərˈstænd/ v. 理解 I can't understand this math problem. 我理解不了这道数学题。 understanding /ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/ n. 理解misunderstand /ˌmɪsʌndərˈstænd/ v. 误解 Good communication helps build understanding. 良好的沟通有助于建立理解。Don't misunderstand me - I didn't mean to offend you. 别误解我，我无意冒犯你。 20 bit /bɪt/ n. 少量 I need a bit of water. 我需要一点水。 bits /bɪts/ n. 少量（复数）a bit（短语：一点） There are bits of paper on the floor. 地板上有碎纸片。I'm a bit tired today. 我今天有点累。 21 funny /ˈfʌni/ adj. 滑稽的 The movie was so funny that we laughed a lot. 这部电影太滑稽了，我们笑个不停。 fun /fʌn/ n. 乐趣funnily /ˈfʌnɪli/ adv. 滑稽地 We had a lot of fun at the party. 我们在聚会上玩得很开心。Funnily enough, I met him again the next day. 说来也巧，第二天我又遇见了他。 22 sense /sens/ n. 感觉 She has a strong sense of responsibility. 她有很强的责任感。 sensible /ˈsensəbl/ adj. 明智的sensitive /ˈsensətɪv/ adj. 敏感的 It's sensible to bring an umbrella on rainy days. 下雨天带伞是明智的。She is sensitive to cold weather. 她对寒冷天气很敏感。 23 humour /ˈhjuːmər/ n. 幽默 His writing is full of humour. 他的写作充满幽默。 humorous /ˈhjuːmərəs/ adj. 幽默的humorist /ˈhjuːmərɪst/ n. 幽默作家 Mark Twain is a famous humorous writer. 马克·吐温是著名的幽默作家。 24 bored /bɔːrd/ adj. 无聊的 I feel bored when I have nothing to do. 无事可做时我会觉得无聊。 bore /bɔːr/ v. 使厌烦boring /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ adj. 令人厌烦的 Long meetings often bore me. 长会议常常让我厌烦。The movie was so boring that I fell asleep. 这部电影太无聊了，我睡着了。 25 energetic /ˌenərˈdʒetɪk/ adj. 精力充沛的 He is always energetic and ready to help. 他总是精力充沛，乐于助人。 energy /ˈenərdʒi/ n. 能量energetically /ˌenərˈdʒetɪkli/ adv. 精力充沛地 Playing sports can help you save energy. 做运动能帮你储存能量。They worked energetically to finish the project. 他们精力充沛地工作以完成项目。 26 active /ˈæktɪv/ adj. 积极的 She takes an active part in school activities. 她积极参加学校活动。 activity /ækˈtɪvəti/ n. 活动actively /ˈæktɪvli/ adv. 积极地 There are many after-school activities to choose from. 有很多课外活动可供选择。He actively helps his classmates with their studies. 他积极帮助同学学习。 27 encourage /ɪnˈkɜːrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励 My teacher always encourages me to try my best. 老师总是鼓励我尽最大努力。 encouragement /ɪnˈkɜːrɪdʒmənt/ n. 鼓励discourage /dɪsˈkɜːrɪdʒ/ v. 使气馁 Her words gave me a lot of encouragement. 她的话给了我很多鼓励。Don't let failure discourage you. 别让失败使你气馁。 28 believe /bɪˈliːv/ v. 相信 I believe he will come on time. 我相信他会准时来。 belief /bɪˈliːf/ n. 信仰believable /bɪˈliːvəbl/ adj. 可信的 People have different beliefs around the world. 世界各地的人有不同的信仰。His story doesn't sound believable. 他的故事听起来不可信。 29 secret /ˈsiːkrət/ n. 秘密 She promised to keep my secret. 她答应保守我的秘密。 secretly /ˈsiːkrətli/ adv. 秘密地secretive /sɪˈkriːtɪv/ adj. 守秘密的 They met secretly in the park. 他们在公园秘密见面。He is very secretive about his personal life. 他对个人生活很保密。 30 worse /wɜːrs/ adj. 更坏的 His condition is getting worse. 他的情况在变糟。 bad /bæd/ adj. 坏的worst /wɜːrst/ adj. 最差的 The weather was bad, but today it's worse. 之前天气不好，今天更糟了。 31 height /haɪt/ n. 高度 What's the height of this building? 这栋楼的高度是多少？ high /haɪ/ adj. 高的highly /ˈhaɪli/ adv. 高度地 The mountain is very high. 这座山很高。 32 test /test/ n. 测试 We have a math test next week. 我们下周有数学测试。 testing /ˈtestɪŋ/ n. 测试tested /ˈtestɪd/ adj. 经过测试的 The teacher is preparing the testing papers. 老师在准备测试卷。 35 balloon /bəˈluːn/ n. 气球 Children love playing with balloons. 孩子们喜欢玩气球。 ballooning /bəˈluːnɪŋ/ n. 气球飞行balloonist /bəˈluːnɪst/ n. 气球驾驶员 Ballooning is a popular activity in this area. 气球飞行在这个地区很受欢迎。 36 scared /skerd/ adj. 害怕的 She was scared of the dark when she was a child. 她小时候怕黑。 scare /sker/ v. 使害怕scary /ˈskeri/ adj. 可怕的 The loud noise scared the little girl. 巨大的声响吓坏了小女孩。That movie was too scary for me. 那部电影对我来说太可怕了。 37 nearby /ˌnɪrˈbaɪ/ adj. 附近的（合成词） There is a park nearby our school. 我们学校附近有个公园。 near /nɪr/ prep. 附近by /baɪ/ prep. 在…旁边 The bus stop is near the supermarket. 公交站在超市附近。 38 fight /faɪt/ v. 打架 Don't fight with your classmates. 不要和同学打架。 fighter /ˈfaɪtər/ n. 战士fighting /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/ adj. 战斗的 His father is a brave fighter. 他的父亲是位勇敢的战士。 39 dead /ded/ adj. 死的 The tree has been dead for a long time. 这棵树死了很久了。 die /daɪ/ v. 死亡death /deθ/ n. 死亡 The old man died peacefully in his sleep. 老人在睡梦中安详离世。 40 attack /əˈtæk/ v. 攻击 The dog attacked the thief. 狗攻击了小偷。 attacker /əˈtækər/ n. 攻击者attacking /əˈtækɪŋ/ v. 攻击（现在分词） The police are looking for the attacker. 警方在寻找袭击者。 41 danger /ˈdeɪndʒər/ n. 危险 Children should stay away from danger. 孩子们应远离危险。 dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ adj. 危险的endanger /ɪnˈdeɪndʒər/ v. 危及 Swimming alone in the river is dangerous. 独自在河里游泳很危险。 42 brave /breɪv/ adj. 勇敢的 The brave soldier saved the child from the fire. 勇敢的士兵从火中救出了孩子。 bravely /ˈbreɪvli/ adv. 勇敢地bravery /ˈbreɪvəri/ n. 勇敢 She faced the difficulty bravely. 她勇敢地面对困难。 43 nod /nɑːd/ v. 点头 He nodded to show that he agreed. 他点头表示同意。 nodding /ˈnɑːdɪŋ/ v. 点头（现在分词）nodded /ˈnɑːdɪd/ v. 点头（过去式） She was nodding while listening to the teacher. 她听老师讲课时在点头。 44 feeling /ˈfiːlɪŋ/ n. 感觉 I have a strange feeling about this. 我对此有奇怪的感觉。 feel /fiːl/ v. 感觉feelings /ˈfiːlɪŋz/ n. 情感（复数） I feel happy when I see my friends. 见到朋友时我感到开心。We should respect other people's feelings. 我们应尊重他人的情感。 45 thoughtful /ˈθɔːtfl/ adj. 体贴的 It's thoughtful of you to bring an umbrella for me. 你帮我带伞，真体贴。 thought /θɔːt/ n. 想法thoughtfully /ˈθɔːtflɪ/ adv. 体贴地 He put a lot of thought into planning the party. 他为策划聚会花了很多心思。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$