2025年人教版中考英语一轮复习宾语从句和定语从句精讲辨析课件

什么是宾语从句？ 1. I like you. 2. I like singing. 3. The boy is interested in cartoons. 4. She said that the film was interesting. 判断宾语 当句子中的宾语是由句子充当的， 就叫这个句子叫宾语从句 I don’t remember where I bought this pair of shoes. 主语：________________ 谓语：________________ 宾语：________________ I don’t remember where I bought this pair of shoes. 主语：________________ 谓语：________________ 宾语：________________ I don't remember where I bought this pair of shoes 宾语从句内部分析 I don't remember where I bought this pair of shoes. 连接词（引导词）： ________________ 主语：________________ 谓语：________________ 宾语：________________ 宾语从句内部分析 I don't remember where I bought this pair of shoes. 连接词（引导词）： ________________ 主语：________________ 谓语：________________ 宾语：________________ where I bought this pair of shoes 宾语从句类型 Tom showed me what he had bought from the new shop. Boss was very satisfied with what he did. I'm afraid that I can't make it to the party tonight. 宾语从句 考什么 ？ 宾语从句重点考查三个方面： 引导词 语序 时态 一、宾语从句的引导词 有哪些？ 一、宾语从句的引导词 that wether/if wh-特殊疑问词 引导词 that that 作引导词，在句中无意义，可不翻译。 从句本身不缺少任何意义或成分 大部分情况可省略。 E.g. She said (that) she missed the bus. I know (that) he studies English every day. 引导词 that E.g. He said, “life is better than before”. He says, “Tom is a good student ”. He said that life was better than before. He says _______Tom is a good student. 引导词 whether、if whether\if 作引导词，语序由倒装语序变成陈述语序。 whether，if 不能省略。 He asked me if/whether Kris was a teacher. Let me know whether/if he will come tomorrow. Translate 引导词 whether、if E.g. She asked, “ Do they often come here early? ” “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?”, he asked. She asked if/whether they often came here early. He asked ____________ they would go to visit the Great Wall. I don’t know whether he will come or not. I don’t care of whether he is handsome. He wondered whether to stay here the next week. If 与whether 的区别 ---只能用whether 有哪些？ 引导词wh-特殊疑问词 由连接代词 who, whom, whose, which, what 连接副词 where, how, why, when 引导词wh-特殊疑问词 Do you know whose book it is ? He asked who could answer the question. Could you tell me which gate we have to go to? I don't know what causes the trouble. I asked him whom they had chosen. E.g. 1.My mother didn't know ______ to buy when she went into the market. 2.My sister doesn't know _________ the person is. 3.He can't decide _________ one to buy. 4.John doesn't know _________ coat it is. 5.Kate didn't decide __________ she would dance with. 当宾语从句缺主语、宾语、表语或定语时，用连接代词 what who which whose whom 1. I don’t know ______ he came in. 2. Tom wondered ________ he had put his book. 3. I don’t know _________ the baby cries. 4. Let’s see _________ the machine runs. A. when B. why C. where D. how 宾语从句不缺成分时，用连接副词 A C B D I am sure _______ you said is true. A. what B. that C. which D. who She was so angry at _______ he was doing _______she walked out without a word.A. what; that B. that; what C. what; what D. that; that 宾语从句常见连接词 The boys agreed, but they were not sure___ __ she could throw the ball even close to the basket. 真题链接 二、宾语从句的语序 宾语从句语序为_________语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分 Could you tell me how I can get to the National Museum? The teacher asked me where I was born. I don't know if it will rains tomorrow. 1. 照抄特殊疑问词 2. 主动词放在主语后，见 do does did 就省略 3. 动词必要时需变形。 特殊疑问句： 1. Who is Jim waiting for ? I know_______________________________. 2. Can Lily carry the basket ? I know___________________________________. 3. Where did Anna go ? I know_______________________________. 将问句改为宾语从句形式 who Jim is waiting for whether/if Lily can carry the basket where Anna went Jerry asked Mike ____________. A. where did he come from B. where does he come from C. where he came from Johnny made up his mind to give up smoking. He is thinking about ____________. A. how he can make it B. how can he make it C. how will he make it 二、宾语从句的时态 1. Jim ( be ) a worker two years ago. 2. Jim ( be ) an English teacher now . 3. Jim ( cook ) dinner tomorrow . 4. Jim ( sing )a popular song now. 5. Jim ( be ) to the Great Wall twice . 6. Jim ( play ) basketball when his father came back. 7. Jim ( learn )1000 Chinese words so far. I hear (that) was is will cook is singing has been was playing had learned 宾语从句的时态 （一） 当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。 She is much better than before. 一般现在时 She is playing the piano at seven. 现在进行时 She said she ______ much better than before. __________ She said she ____________ the piano at seven yesterday.____________ ① ② They have seen this film several times. 现在完成时 He is going to take care of the baby. 一般将来时 Jane said they ________ this film several times. ____________ He said he _________ take care of the baby. ____________ ③ ④ 1). He ___________ to Hong Kong . 2). He___________sick. 3). He ___________ a book . 4). He___________ He said his work. 1) He will go to Hong Kong . 2) He is sick. 3) He is reading a book . 4) He has finished his work. The teacher asked the students ________. A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted Our teacher told us that the moon _________ round the earth. A. went B. turned C. go D. turns He asked me _______ I could sing the song "My Heart will Go On." A. if B. weather C.what D. that could / would是委婉语气，而不是过去式， 因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。 注意事项 1. Could you please tell me where we show our tickets ? 2. Would you like to know when he will come back ? 当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。 宾语从句的时态 （二） 确定从句的时态(根据主句时态) 主句时态 从 句 时 态 连 接 前 连 接 后 一般现在时 时态保持不变 一般过去时 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 1. 主句时态为一般现在时，从句时态根据语境。 口诀：主“现”从“任意” 2. 主句时态为一般过去时，从句时态使用过去相关的四种时态。 口诀：主“过”从“过去” 宾语从句时态小结 what , how引导的从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 e.g. She doesn’t know what she should do next. →She doesn’t know________________. “疑问词+不定式”结构 e.g. Will you please show me how I can work it out? →Will you please show me ___________________. The old man told us _______ and ________. A. to do what , to do how B. what to do it, how to do it C. what to do, how to do it D. what to do , how to do 宾语从句三考点 引导词 that（陈述句） if／whether（一般疑问句） 特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句) 时态 主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态 主句为一般过去时 从句 一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 语序 宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序 客观真理 自然现象 时态不变 1. The girls asked if they _______(take) some food and drink with them. 2. The students want to know whether they_______(have) a test tomorrow. 3. Linda said the moon______ (travel) round the earth. 练习（一） took will have travels 1. Can you tell me_______ you were born, Betty? 2. I don't know _________ he still lives here after so many years. 3. I hardly understand ________ he has told me. 练习（二） when if what 1. She asked Linda if_______ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may2. Could you tell me ________? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing 练习（三） 1. They don't know ______their parents are. A. that B. what C. why D. which2. Please tell me ______what last year. A. where does your sister work B. where did your sister work C where your sister works D. where your sister worked3. Did you know ____? A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after 练习（四） 上课内容： 宾语从句 中考考点：宾语从句的引导词，时态，语序 上课重难点： 1.什么时候只能用whether? 2.9个特殊疑问词分别是哪些？怎么翻译？ 3.宾语从句时态是否清晰？ 4.陈述语序是否掌握？ that if / wether whether gives came 1. It’s a red car. 2. My brother is a teacher. 3. My mother made a birthday cake for me. 4. The man under the tree is my teacher. 5. The boy swimming in the river is my brother. 定语 57 定语就是修饰_______词或_______词的句子成分。 名 代 定语从句就是用一个_____充当定语，限定修饰主句中的___词或者______词，从而表达更加复杂的意思或者使被修饰的名词代词更加明确清晣。被修饰的名词或代词叫做______. ① ② 句子 名 代 先行词 前面 后面 I like the girl who is in red skirt. ③ ① ② ① ② ③ 关系词有什么作用？ 关系词 关系副词 关系代词 关系词 关系副词 关系代词 who， whom， that， which，whose when，where，why who & whom 1. 先行词都指_____ 2. who充当 ____语&____语 whom 只能充当 ____语 3. 介词后面只能用 whom Mr. Brown is a teacher _______ is strict with all his students.A. which B. who C. where D. whom The train which has just left is for Shanghai. which Is this the pen which you are looking for? This is the house in which Lu Xun used to live. 先行词指 ____ that 1. 先行词指 _______ 2. 充当 主语, 宾语, 表语 He is the man _____ lives next door. =He is the man that lives next door. The train ______ has just left is for Shanghai. =The train that has just left is for Shanghai. The book _______ I read last night was fantastic. A. that B. what C. whose D. who The book _______was written by him is very interesting.A. who B. whom C. which D. / —Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV?—Sure. It’s a great TV program ___________ can develop the habit of reading. A. who B. that C. what D. whose whose 先行词指 _____ He is the man whose car was stolen last night. I’d like a room whose window overlooks the sea. Do you know the girl whose Japanese is excellent? When a person is born without legs, there are plenty of things that are ___ ___ to do. But Katy believed she could achieve anything. A. difficult B. important C. possible D. easy 宾语从句与定语从句辨析 www.v5ppt.com 78 最简单的方法：把从句去掉。 如果句子结构依然成立 定语从句 如果句子缺少成份了 宾语从句 辨析宾语从句和定语从句 She says that she will leave a message on his desk. She is a girl who likes singing. 试一试 Do you know the girl whose Japanese is excellent? Do you know whose Japanese is excellent? 1. I really like the family photo _____________we took on my grandpa's 80th birthday. 2. --How beautiful your skirt is! Could you please tell me _________ you bought it? --Thanks. I bought it on Taobao. 3. --Could you please tell me how soon he __________(come) back? --In two weeks. 4. Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist __________ is leading a search to develop “sea rice”. 5. Everything __________ you learn becomes a part of you and changes you, so learn wisely. that/which where will come who that 6. Is this the new dictionary __________ you got yesterday? Yes. Now it's very convenient for me to look up words. 7. I like the city__________ the people are really kind and friendly. 8. Do you know these two men who __________(talk) with our Chinese teacher now? 9. --The weather report says that it__________(rain) tomorrow in most parts of Shaoxing city.--If it __________(rain), the school sports meet will be canceled. 10. The window that __________(break) by Tom hasn’t been repaired that/which where are talking will rain rains was broken So when Katy’s friend asked her _____________ she’d like to try running, she said “yes”. 混合练习 She thinks that if you believe_____________ can do something, you should go for it. But this method is expensive and requires finding another place that can accept the deer without breaking the balance of ecosystem. if/whether you $$