Unit 3 Celebrations 语法Grammar 被动语态-2025-2026学年高一英语必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（北师大版2019）

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 3 Celebrations 被动语态 一、语法填空 1．In 2022, she (award) the Nobel Prize for her groundbreaking work in medical research. 【答案】was awarded 【详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：2022年，她因在医学研究方面的开创性工作被授予诺贝尔奖。此处为谓语动词，事情发生在过去，且award与主语she之间为被动关系，因此句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语she是单数，因此谓语动词是was awarded。故填was awarded。 2．This action figure is a limited edition, which is also most (seek) after by fans alike. 【答案】sought 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这款人偶是限量版产品，也因此深受粉丝们的追捧。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词This action figure，which在从句中作主语，与谓语seek之间构成被动关系，所以空处应用动词的过去分词形式，与is构成一般现在时的被动语态，故填sought。 3．It (claim) that humor not only affects patients’ moods, but can actually help them recover faster. 【答案】is claimed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：据称，幽默不仅影响病人的情绪，而且实际上还能帮助他们更快地康复。此处it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句，与动词claim之间为被动关系。同时，句子描述的是一种普遍被认为的事实或观点，应用一般现在时，句中it is claimed that为固定句型，意为“据称……”。故填is claimed。 4．Mary (reject) by the company she applied to last week. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】was rejected 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：玛丽上周申请的公司拒绝了她。主语 Mary 与动词 reject 之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语 last week 可知句子表示的是过去发生的动作，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，故填was rejected。 5．Large amounts of money (spend) on the bridge. (所给词的的适当形式填空) 【答案】were spent 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在这座桥上花了大量的钱。主语Large amounts of money和动词spend之间是被动关系，且此处是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语应和amounts的数保持一致，be动词使用were，故填were spent。 6．The area (strike) by a severe earthquake, which killed many people there. 【答案】was struck 【详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：这个地区发生了强烈的地震，造成许多人死亡。由by和killed可知，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语The area是单数，因此空格处是was struck。故填was struck。 7．The room must (clean) before the guests arrive. 【答案】be cleaned 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：客人到达之前，房间必须打扫干净。room与clean“打扫，清洁”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，must是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填be cleaned。 8．The students (tell) to wear uniforms every day. 【答案】are told 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：学生们每天都被要求穿校服。tell(告知，命令)是谓语动词，与主语The students之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“every day”可知，这是一个经常性的动作，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are told。 9．These houses (paint) by the workers now. 【答案】are being painted 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这些房子现在正由工人们粉刷。paint(粉刷)是谓语动词，与主语“These houses”之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“now”可知，该动作正在进行，应该使用现在进行时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式。故填are being painted。 10．The problem (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting. 【答案】will be discussed 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这个问题将在明天的会议上被讨论。由tomorrow's meeting可知是将来的动作，problem与discuss是被动关系，用一般将来时的被动语态will be discussed。故填will be discussed。 11．The film (show) many times since its release. 【答案】has been shown 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这部电影自上映以来已经放映了很多次。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据句中since its release可知，句子应用现在完成时，句子主语film和动词show之间为被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，谓语动词为has/have been done，句子主语为film，与has连用。故填has been shown。 12．The new library (build) last year and it has become a popular place for students. 【答案】was built 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：新图书馆是去年建的，它已成为学生们喜欢去的地方。由last year可知为一般过去时，library与build是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语library表示单数意义，be动词使用was。故填was built。 13．Her letter (receive)by her boss and he is reading it now. 【答案】has been received 【解析】略 14．Our teacher (promote) to be headmaster last year. 【答案】was promoted 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：我们的老师去年被提升为校长。设空处为谓语，根据last year可知应用一般过去时，主语Our teacher和动词promote之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语Our teacher，谓语第三人称单数。故填was promoted。 15．Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life (affect). 【答案】is affected 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：只要人类的光芒洒向自然世界，生活的某些方面就会受到影响。空处为主句谓语动词，主句描述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时。“life”与“affect”之间是被动关系，即“生命的某些方面被影响”，所以用一般现在时的被动语态“is affected”。故填is affected。 16．Knowledge can (acquire) by reading books. 【答案】be acquired 【详解】考查语态。句意：知识可以通过读书获得。acquire和主语Knowledge之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，结合空前的情态动词can可知，此处应用be done形式，构成含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be acquired。 17．We (expect) to take part in the Provincial contest next month. 【答案】are expected 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：我们被期望下个月参加省级比赛。分析句子结构可知，句子主语We与expect之间为被动关系，即“我们被期望”，故应用被动语态，expect的过去分词为expected，主语We为复数，结合语境，此处表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作，用一般现在时表将来，故be动词用are。故填are expected。 18．Listen!The sports meeting (hold)on the playground of our school. 【答案】is being held 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：听！运动会正在我们学校的操场上举行。由 Listen 可知，此处表示此刻正在进行的动作，要用现在进行时；且sports meeting与hold 之间是被动关系，即 “运动会被举行”，所以要用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are + being + 过去分词”，主语The sports meeting是单数，be动词用 is，hold的过去分词是held。故填is being held。 19．She is outstanding in school and always (praise) by the teachers.   【答案】being praised 【详解】考查固定结构和语态。句意：她在学校表现出色，总是受到老师们的表扬。praise(表扬)是并列谓语动词，与主语She之间是被动关系，根据语境，句子强调的是她目前一直处于被老师表扬的状态，说话人带有褒奖的感情色彩，应用固定结构“be always doing sth.”，即is always being praised，为避免重复，助动词is可省略。故填being praised。 20．As you can see, many trees (cut) down by humans now. 【答案】are being cut 【详解】考查动词的时态语态。句意：正如你所看到的，现在许多树正在被人类砍伐。根据时间状语“now”和句意可知，句子描述的是现在正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，且主语“many trees”与动词“cut”之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are being cut。 21．It was reported that another bridge (build) across the Yangtze River the next year. 【答案】would be built 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：据报道，明年将在长江上再建一座桥。bridge和build之间是被动关系，根据主句中was以及从句中“the next year”可知，此处应用过去将来时的被动语态，故填would be built。 22．Up to now, large quantities of food (send) to Africa to save the starving people. 【答案】have been sent 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，大量的粮食已被送往非洲，以拯救饥饿的人民。主语large quantities of food和send之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“Up to now”可知此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语的数和quantities保持一致，使用复数形式，故填have been sent。 23．Many old photos are (exhibit) in the local museums. 【答案】exhibited 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：许多老照片在当地博物馆展出。照片被展出，句子用被动语态，空前有are，空格处用过去分词，故填exhibited。 24．Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley, the man who wrote the book the film Jaws (base) on. 【答案】was based 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：割鳍行为对彼得・本奇利产生了意想不到的影响，他是电影《大白鲨》所基于的那本书的作者。book后为定语从句，本空为定语从句的谓语，从句描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，且主语the film与base...on...“以……为基础，把……建立在……之上”之间为被动关系，从句应用一般过去时的被动语态，从句主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was based。 25．Smoking (ban) in public. 【答案】is banned 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：公共场所禁止吸烟。句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时；主语 Smoking 与 ban（禁止）之间是被动关系，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为 “am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语Smoking 是动名词，看作第三人称单数，be动词用 is，ban的过去分词是banned。故填is banned。 26．A number of ancient battle strategies (rediscover) by historians so far. 【答案】have been rediscovered 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，许多古代的战争策略已经被历史学家重新发现。根据时间状语 “so far（到目前为止）” 可知，句子应用现在完成时；且主语 A number of ancient battle strategies（许多古代的战争策略）和 rediscover（重新发现）之间是被动关系，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态，故填have been rediscovered。 27．Dinner party is usually hosted in one’s home. Invitations (send) out and the hosts prepare food carefully. 【答案】are sent 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：晚宴通常在家里举办。邀请函会被发出，主人会精心准备食物。句子主语 Invitations与send out 之间是被动关系，即“邀请函被发出”，且根据语境及并列句中prepare可知，此处用一般现在时，一般现在时的被动语态结构为 am/is/are + 过去分词，主语Invitations是复数，be 动词用are，send 的过去分词是sent。故填are sent。 28．With the rapid development of AI, many jobs (replace) by machines in the coming decades. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】will be replaced 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：随着人工智能的快速发展，未来几十年，许多工作将被机器取代。“in the coming decades”表示将来，且“jobs”与“replace”是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态，故填will be replaced。 29．The poor girl from a small village was deeply (impress) by large quantities of food in the big city. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】impressed 【详解】考查语态。句意：这个来自小村庄的贫穷女孩对大城市里大量的食物印象深刻。“be impressed by”，表示“对……印象深刻”。故填impressed。 30．Many of the adults (assess) as having learning difficulties. 【答案】were assessed 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：许多成年人被评估为有学习困难。本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且assess“评估”与主语Many of the adults之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数形式，所以be动词用are。故填are assessed。 31．Tom is the only one of the team members who (praise) at yesterday’s meeting. 【答案】was praised 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：汤姆是昨天会议上唯一受到表扬的团队成员。空处作who引导的定语从句的谓语，who代替先行词the only one of the team members在从句中作主语，谓语动词应用单数，结合“at yesterday’s meeting”可知，从句在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，praise“表扬”和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，be动词应用was。故填was praised。 32．The babysitter (hire) to take after of the baby three months ago. 【答案】was hired 【详解】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：三个月前，这个保姆被雇来照顾这个婴儿。根据时间状语three months ago可知，时态应用一般过去时，本句主语The babysitter和hire“雇佣”之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语The babysitter为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was hired。 33．The poet (surround) by a crowd of people, who were eager to hear his speech. 【答案】was surrounded 【详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：诗人被一群人包围着，他们渴望听他的演讲。空格处是谓语，由by可知，句子用被动语态，由were可知，时态是一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语The poet是单数，因此空格处是was surrounded。故填was surrounded。 34．In our school, each classroom (equip) with a new computer. 【答案】is equipped 【详解】考查动词时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：在我们学校，每间教室都配备了一台新电脑。根据语意可知，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语“each classroom”与动词“equip”之间为被动关系，即“教室被配备”，所以用一般现在时的被动语态；主语“each classroom”为单数概念，be动词用is。故填is equipped。 35．Part of the forest, located in the reserve, (destroy) in the fire one week ago. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】was destroyed 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这片森林的一部分，位于保护区之内，一周前在那场火灾中遭到了破坏。主语Part of the forest与谓语构成被动关系，发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was destroyed。 36．Despite his mistake, he (forgive) by his friends because they understood it was an honest error. 【答案】was forgiven 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：尽管他犯了错，但他被朋友们原谅了，因为他们明白这是无心之失。根据 “because they understood...” 可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。又因为 “he（他）” 与 “forgive（原谅）” 之间是被动关系，即他被朋友们原谅，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态 was/were + 过去分词，主语 he 是第三人称单数，be 动词用 was，forgive 的过去分词是 forgiven。故填was forgiven。 37．You (punish) if you break the traffic rules. 【答案】will be punished 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：如果你违反交通规则，你将受到惩罚。在if引导的条件状语从句中，遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，所以主句时态为一般将来时；主语you与punish之间为被动关系，即“你将受到惩罚”，所以应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be punished。 38．Teenagers should (educate) to take care of themselves from a young age. 【答案】be educated 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：青少年应当从小就被教育学会照顾自己。此处主语Teenagers 与educate构成被动关系，且should后跟动词原形。故填be educated。 39．A baby’s first month birthday is a special event in China and (celebrate) with a special party. (所给动词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is celebrated 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在中国，婴儿满月的生日是一个特殊的事件，人们会用一个特殊的聚会来庆祝它。主语A baby’s first month birthday和动词celebrate之间为被动关系，即“婴儿满月的生日被庆祝”，所以应用被动语态；句子陈述的是一般性事实，应用一般现在时；主语A baby’s first month birthday为单数形式，be动词应用is。故填is celebrated。 40．Football (add) to our school subjects last year. 【答案】was added 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：去年足球被添加到我们学校的科目中。根据时间状语“last year”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，且主语Football与动词add之间是被动关系，即足球是被添加到科目中的，所以应使用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语Football为单数，be动词用was，add的过去分词是added。故填was added。 二、完成句子 41．All possible means . 所有可能的方法都已试过了。 【答案】have been tried 【详解】考查主谓一致和被动语态。means（方法），单复数同形，all possible means表示所有可能的方法，为复数概念，所以谓语动词用复数形式。“方法”和“尝试”之间是被动关系，要用被动语态“be + 过去分词”，句子强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，即“have/has + been + 过去分词”，主语是复数，故填have been tried。 42．A lot of money in the shop yesterday when the electricity was suddenly cut off. 昨天突然断电时，那家商店里的许多钱被偷了。 【答案】was stolen 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子缺少“被偷”，是谓语动词，且根据后文的“was suddenly cut off”可知描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语money“钱”和steal“偷”之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，且money为不可数名词，be动词用was。故填was stolen。 43．A traditional Chinese handicraft exhibition . 今天，我们学校成功举办了中国传统手工艺展览会。 【答案】was successfully held in our school today 【详解】考查时态和语态。“举行”用动词hold表示；“成功”用副词successfully作状语，修饰动词hold；“我们学校”翻译为in our school；“今天”翻译为today；句子描述过去发生的事用一般过去时；主语A traditional Chinese handicraft exhibition与动词hold之间是被动关系，用被动语态；主语是单数形式，be动词用was。故填was successfully held in our school today。 44．She must the rules. 必须让她遵守规则。 【答案】be made to obey 【详解】考查动词短语和语态。“遵守”为动词obey，“让”使用动词make，与主语She之间是被动关系，结合空前的must可知，此处应用must be done结构，表示“必须被……”，make sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，其被动形式为sb. be made to do sth.，需将不定式符号to补出来。故填be made to obey。 45．Without a driver’s permit, you are not . 你若没有驾驶证，就不被允许开车。 【答案】permitted to drive the car 【详解】考查被动语态。“允许某人做某事”常见表达为 permit sb. to do sth.，此句中you是被允许，应用被动语态sb be permitted to do sth ，“开车”即 drive the car。故填 permitted to drive the car。 46．You can go home as soon as your task . 你的任务一完成就可以回家。 【答案】has been finished 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。表示“完成”使用动词finish，和主语task之间是被动关系，且此处表示该动作的影响，使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，助动词使用has，故填has been finished。 47． , I won’t go to such a bad lecture.   即使邀请我去，我也不想听如此糟糕的报告。 【答案】Even if I am invited 【详解】考查让步状语从句。表示“即使”使用even if引导让步状语从句，主语使用代词I，“邀请”使用动词invite，和主语之间是被动关系，且根据“主将从现”的原则，从句使用一般现在时的被动语态，故填Even if I am invited。 48．正在为希望工程募捐，我们将能达成预定目标。 for the Hope Project and we will reach the expected goal. 【答案】Money is being collected 【详解】考查时态和名词。“正在募捐”表示动作正在进行，且“Money”与“collect”之间为被动关系，需用现在进行时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are + being + 过去分词。主语Money为不可数名词，be动词用is，“募捐”表达为“collect”，过去分词为collected。故填Money is being collected。 49．警察发现房子被人闯入了，许多珠宝也被偷了。 The policeman found that the house and a quantity of jewellery had been stolen. 【答案】had been broken into 【详解】考查动词短语和时态语态。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“被人闯入了”，应用动词短语break into，表示“闯入”，根据The policeman found可知，“闯入”的动作发生在“发现”之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，且break into与主语the house之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填had been broken into。 50．据报道河南的那个墓仍然正在挖掘中。 It is reported that in Henan. 【答案】the tomb is still being dug 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据is reported和句意可知，句子描述的是正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，且主语“the tomb”与动词“dig”之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用is，“still”表示“仍然”，应置于be动词后、分词前，“dig”的过去分词为“dug”。故填the tomb is still being dug。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 3 Celebrations 被动语态 一、语法填空 1．In 2022, she (award) the Nobel Prize for her groundbreaking work in medical research. 2．This action figure is a limited edition, which is also most (seek) after by fans alike. 3．It (claim) that humor not only affects patients’ moods, but can actually help them recover faster. 4．Mary (reject) by the company she applied to last week. （所给词的适当形式填空） 5．Large amounts of money (spend) on the bridge. (所给词的的适当形式填空) 6．The area (strike) by a severe earthquake, which killed many people there. 7．The room must (clean) before the guests arrive. 8．The students (tell) to wear uniforms every day. 9．These houses (paint) by the workers now. 10．The problem (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting. 11．The film (show) many times since its release. 12．The new library (build) last year and it has become a popular place for students. 13．Her letter (receive)by her boss and he is reading it now. 14．Our teacher (promote) to be headmaster last year. 15．Wherever human light spills into the natural world, some aspect of life (affect). 16．Knowledge can (acquire) by reading books. 17．We (expect) to take part in the Provincial contest next month. 18．Listen!The sports meeting (hold)on the playground of our school. 19．She is outstanding in school and always (praise) by the teachers.   20．As you can see, many trees (cut) down by humans now. 21．It was reported that another bridge (build) across the Yangtze River the next year. 22．Up to now, large quantities of food (send) to Africa to save the starving people. 23．Many old photos are (exhibit) in the local museums. 24．Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley, the man who wrote the book the film Jaws (base) on. 25．Smoking (ban) in public. 26．A number of ancient battle strategies (rediscover) by historians so far. 27．Dinner party is usually hosted in one’s home. Invitations (send) out and the hosts prepare food carefully. 28．With the rapid development of AI, many jobs (replace) by machines in the coming decades. （所给词的适当形式填空） 29．The poor girl from a small village was deeply (impress) by large quantities of food in the big city. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 30．Many of the adults (assess) as having learning difficulties. 31．Tom is the only one of the team members who (praise) at yesterday’s meeting. 32．The babysitter (hire) to take after of the baby three months ago. 33．The poet (surround) by a crowd of people, who were eager to hear his speech. 34．In our school, each classroom (equip) with a new computer. 35．Part of the forest, located in the reserve, (destroy) in the fire one week ago. （所给词的适当形式填空） 36．Despite his mistake, he (forgive) by his friends because they understood it was an honest error. 37．You (punish) if you break the traffic rules. 38．Teenagers should (educate) to take care of themselves from a young age. 39．A baby’s first month birthday is a special event in China and (celebrate) with a special party. (所给动词的适当形式填空) 40．Football (add) to our school subjects last year. 二、完成句子 41．All possible means . 所有可能的方法都已试过了。 42．A lot of money in the shop yesterday when the electricity was suddenly cut off. 昨天突然断电时，那家商店里的许多钱被偷了。 43．A traditional Chinese handicraft exhibition . 今天，我们学校成功举办了中国传统手工艺展览会。 44．She must the rules. 必须让她遵守规则。 45．Without a driver’s permit, you are not . 你若没有驾驶证，就不被允许开车。 46．You can go home as soon as your task . 你的任务一完成就可以回家。 47． , I won’t go to such a bad lecture.   即使邀请我去，我也不想听如此糟糕的报告。 48．正在为希望工程募捐，我们将能达成预定目标。 for the Hope Project and we will reach the expected goal. 49．警察发现房子被人闯入了，许多珠宝也被偷了。 The policeman found that the house and a quantity of jewellery had been stolen. 50．据报道河南的那个墓仍然正在挖掘中。 It is reported that in Henan. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$