专题18 阅读理解之记叙文(语篇与方法)-2025年暑假新七年级英语衔接学习与能力提升专练(通用版)

2025年暑假新七年级英语衔接学习系列 专题18 阅读理解之记叙文(语篇与方法) 一、语篇特点 记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体形式。记叙文六要素一般为时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过、结果。在英语阅读理解中，记叙文类语篇常常具有以下特点： 1. 故事性：有一个完整的故事，可能是关于人物的经历、事件的发展等，情节有起有伏，吸引读者的注意力。比如讲述一个孩子第一次独自旅行的经历，从准备出发时的兴奋，到旅途中遇到困难的紧张，再到最终克服困难到达目的地的喜悦，整个过程充满故事性。 2. 人物明确：文章围绕特定的人物展开，对人物的语言、动作、心理、外貌等方面进行描写，以塑造人物形象。例如描述一位乐于助人的老师，会通过老师帮助学生解决学习和生活问题的具体事例，以及老师说话的方式、表情动作等展现其形象。 3. 时间和地点线索：通常会有清晰的时间顺序或者地点转换，帮助读者理解故事发生的背景和情节发展的脉络。像以暑假为时间背景，描述一家人在不同城市旅游的经历，按照时间先后顺序讲述在各个城市的所见所闻。 二、试题考法及提问方式 1. 细节理解题 【考查方法】考查学生对文章中具体信息的获取和理解能力，这些信息通常能在原文中直接找到。 【提问方式】 According to the passage, who / what / when / where / why / how...? 例如：According to the passage, when did the story happen?（根据文章，这个故事什么时候发生的？） Which of the following is TRUE / FALSE according to the passage?（根据文章，以下哪一项是正确的/错误的？） What can we learn from Paragraph...?（我们能从第……段中学到什么？） 2. 推理判断题 【考查方法】要求学生根据文章所提供的信息，进行合理的推理和判断，得出文章中没有明确表述的结论。 【提问方式】 What can we infer / conclude from the passage?（从文章中我们可以推断/得出什么结论？） The writer implies / suggests that...（作者暗示/表明……） What's the author's attitude towards...?（作者对……的态度是什么？） 3. 主旨大意题 【考查方法】测试学生对文章整体内容的把握和概括能力，需要理解文章的核心思想。 【提问方式】 What is the main idea of the passage?（这篇文章的主旨大意是什么？） What's the passage mainly about?（这篇文章主要讲了什么？） Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?（以下哪一个可以作为这篇文章的最佳标题？） 4. 词义猜测题 【考查方法】让学生根据上下文语境猜测文章中某个生词或短语的含义。 【提问方式】 What does the underlined word “...” mean in Chinese / English?（划线单词“……”在中文/英文中是什么意思？） The underlined word “...” refers to...（划线单词“……”指的是……） 三、解答策略 1. 细节理解题 【解答方法】 读题：仔细阅读题目，明确题目所问的具体信息，圈出关键词，如人物、时间、地点、事件等。 定位：根据关键词在文章中快速定位相关段落或句子，通常可以通过扫读的方式，眼睛快速扫视文章，寻找与关键词相关的内容。 对比：将定位到的原文内容与选项进行仔细对比，注意选项中的表述与原文是否一致，有时可能会出现同义替换、语序调整等情况。例如原文中说“Tom went to the park by bike.”，选项中可能表述为“Tom rode a bike to the park.”。 【注意事项】 认真细致，不要遗漏重要信息，有些选项可能部分内容正确，但存在细节错误，需要仔细甄别。 以原文为依据，不能主观臆断，即使某个选项看起来很合理，但如果在原文中找不到依据，也不能选择。 2. 推理判断题 【解答方法】 理解原文：全面理解文章的内容和作者的意图，把握文章的整体逻辑。 分析选项：对每个选项进行分析，判断其是否能从文章中合理推出。注意选项中是否存在过度推理、与原文矛盾或无中生有的情况。 依据推理：根据文章中的具体细节和线索进行推理，例如人物的行为、语言、心理活动等，以及事件的发展过程。比如文章中提到“John looked at his broken bike and sighed.”，可以推断出John因为自行车坏了而感到沮丧。 【注意事项】 推理要基于原文，不能脱离文章内容进行无端猜测。 对于作者的态度题，要关注作者在文章中使用的词汇和语气，是积极的、消极的还是中立的。例如作者使用了“wonderful”“amazing”等词，通常表示积极态度；若使用“terrible”“disappointing”等词，则表示消极态度。 3. 主旨大意题 【解答方法】 浏览全文：快速浏览文章的标题、首尾段以及每段的首句，对文章的大致内容和结构有初步了解。 归纳总结：分析文章各段落的主要内容，找出它们之间的关联和共性，从而概括出文章的主旨。如果文章是关于一次环保活动，各段落分别介绍了活动的发起、过程和影响，那么主旨就是关于这次环保活动的整体情况。 筛选选项：将选项与自己总结的主旨进行对比，选择最能准确概括文章核心内容的选项。注意选项是否过于宽泛或过于具体，过于宽泛的选项可能没有准确涵盖文章的重点，过于具体的选项可能只是文章的一个细节，不能代表整体主旨。 【注意事项】 避免以偏概全，不能将文章中的某个段落的大意当作全文的主旨。 对于标题归纳题，标题要简洁明了，能够准确反映文章的主旨，同时具有一定的吸引力。 4. 词义猜测题 【解答方法】 确定语境：找到划线单词所在的句子以及其上下文，分析句子之间的逻辑关系，判断该单词在语境中的含义。 运用技巧： 根据定义或解释猜测：如果文章中对该单词有定义或解释，通常会使用“be defined as”“mean”“that is”等词或短语引出。例如“The word ‘pest’ means an insect or small animal that damages crops or food.”，可以很容易猜出“pest”的意思是“害虫”。 根据同义词、反义词猜测：如果上下文中有与该单词意思相近或相反的词，可以通过对比来猜测词义。比如“He is very stingy. He never spends money on unnecessary things. His brother, however, is quite generous.”，通过“however”可知“stingy”与“generous”（慷慨的）意思相反，从而猜出“stingy”是“吝啬的”意思。 根据举例猜测：当文章中出现“such as”“for example”等短语举例时，可以通过例子来理解单词的含义。例如“Some fruits, such as apples, bananas and oranges, are rich in vitamins.”，从所举的例子可以知道“fruits”是“水果”的意思。 根据构词法猜测：如果单词是由熟悉的词根、前缀、后缀构成，可以通过分析其构成来猜测词义。比如“unhappy”，“un - ”是表示否定的前缀，“happy”是“高兴的”，所以“unhappy”就是“不高兴的”。 【注意事项】 要结合具体语境，同一个单词在不同的语境中可能有不同的含义。 猜测词义后，要将其代入原文中进行验证，看是否符合上下文的逻辑和语义。 四、语段分析 Last Sunday, my parents and I went to the zoo. We got up early in the morning and had a quick breakfast. Then we took a bus to the zoo. When we arrived at the zoo, there were already many people there. We first went to see the monkeys. They were very cute. Some were jumping up and down in the trees, some were eating bananas, and others were making faces at the visitors. My father took many photos of the monkeys. After that, we went to see the elephants. The elephants were very big and strong. They had long noses and big ears. One of the elephants was drawing a picture with its nose. It was really amazing! We also saw many other animals, such as tigers, lions, giraffes and pandas. We had a great time at the zoo. It was a wonderful day. 1. When did the writer go to the zoo? A. Last Saturday. B. Last Sunday. C. This Sunday. D. This Saturday. 【试题解析】这是一道细节理解题。根据文章第一句“Last Sunday, my parents and I went to the zoo.”，可以直接得出答案为B选项。解题时通过读题圈出关键词“when”，然后在文章中定位到相关句子，对比选项得出答案。 2. How did they go to the zoo? A. By bike. B. By car. C. By bus. D. On foot. 【试题解析】同样是细节理解题。从文章中“Then we took a bus to the zoo.”可知，他们是乘坐公交车去的动物园，答案是C选项。按照细节理解题的解答方法，读题明确问的是交通方式，定位到相关句子，得出正确答案。 3. What were the monkeys doing? A. They were sleeping. B. They were singing. C. They were jumping, eating and making faces. D. They were drawing pictures. 【试题解析】还是细节理解题。文中提到“They were very cute. Some were jumping up and down in the trees, some were eating bananas, and others were making faces at the visitors.”，所以猴子们在跳跃、吃香蕉和做鬼脸，C选项正确。读题后在描述猴子的段落中找到相关细节，与选项对比得出答案。 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. The writer doesn't like animals. B. The writer's parents didn't go to the zoo. C. The writer had a boring day. D. The writer enjoyed the day at the zoo. 【试题解析】这是一道推理判断题。文章最后一句提到“We had a great time at the zoo. It was a wonderful day.”，由此可以推断出作者在动物园度过了愉快的一天，D选项正确。A选项与文章内容不符，作者去动物园且玩得开心说明喜欢动物；B选项与原文第一句矛盾；C选项与最后一句表达的情感相悖。根据文章中作者的描述和表达的情感进行合理推理，排除错误选项。 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. My Favorite Animals B. A Trip to the Zoo C. The Animals in the Zoo D. How to Get to the Zoo 【试题解析】这是主旨大意题中的标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了作者一家上周日去动物园的经历，包括去的过程、在动物园看到的动物等，所以“ A Trip to the Zoo”（一次动物园之旅）最能概括文章内容，B选项正确。A选项只强调了最喜欢的动物，没有涵盖整个去动物园的过程；C选项只说动物园里的动物，没有突出作者一家的经历；D选项只是文章中的一个细节，不能作为标题。通过浏览全文，总结文章核心内容，对比选项得出合适的标题。 1 “Hey, I’m Sandra from Lisbon. Welcome back to my channel! Today I’m visiting a friend in Paris. It’s a wonderful city! There are many tourists here. They’re visiting the museums and galleries. Some tourists are taking a boat along the River Seine too! My friends and I are going to the Eiffel Tower now! I’m taking lots of photos to send to my family.” “Nihao! It’s Liu Meng from Shanghai. Right now my family and I are visiting friends in Canada. We’re all on a tour of the Niagara Falls. It’s amazing! We’re on a boat close to the falls. The water’s pouring fast over the falls. It’s so powerful! We’re wearing raincoats but are still getting very wet! We’re having great fun anyway!” “Hey everyone! Alex. Today I’m visiting my uncle in Thailand. We’re at the beach now! I’m from Switzerland, and this is actually my first time seeing the sea! It’s great. The sun is shining and it’s really hot, but there are still lots of people here. Some people are swimming and playing in the water, and others are sunbathing or playing games on the beach. My uncle is teaching me how to surf. It’s tricky, but I think I’m making good progress. It feels great to ride the waves!” 1．What is Sandra’s main plan in Paris? A．Visiting museums and galleries. B．Taking a boat tour on the River Seine. C．Going to the Eiffel Tower and taking photos. D．Buying souvenirs for her family. 2．How does Liu Meng describe her family’s experience at Niagara Falls? A．They feel scared because of the powerful water. B．They enjoy themselves despite getting wet. C．They get soaked for not wearing raincoats. D．They only view the falls from a distance. 3．What new activity is Alex trying for the first time in Thailand? A．Swimming. B．Sunbathing. C．Surfing. D．Playing beach games. 4．In Alex’s story, the word “tricky” (paragraph 3) most likely means: A．Dangerous. B．Requiring skill and practice. C．Exhausting. D．Slippery. 5．What is the common theme in all three stories? A．The magnificence of natural landmarks. B．Visiting relatives in foreign countries. C．Trying new experiences during travels. D．Comparing tourist attractions worldwide. 2 Hello, everyone! My name is Lingling. I’d like to share my wonderful trip to Wuhan with you. On National Day, my family drove to Wuhan. It is a large city with a long history and beautiful scenery (景色). It is very hot in summer but it is very cool in autumn in Wuhan. On the first day, we visited the Yellow Crane Tower (黄鹤楼). It stands by the Changjiang River and there are many famous poems (诗歌) about it. We stood in line for a long time because many people came to visit it. The next day, we visited Hubei Museum. We learned a lot about the art, history and culture (文化) of the city. In the evening, we took a ship and watched the light show along the Changjiang River. It was wonderful. On the third day, we went to Hankou. It is a good place to shop and eat. There are many stores and supermarkets in Hankou. My parents bought a watch and a T-shirt. My sister bought a dress. I bought a beautiful fan for my best friend. I believe she’ll like it. Of course, we also ate some special food of Wuhan, such as hot dry noodles (热干面) and Wuhan duck necks. I think they are delicious because I like hot food best. I really had a good time in Wuhan. I hope to visit it again some day. 1．How did Lingling go to Wuhan? A．By train. B．By car. C．By plane. D．By bike. 2．What did the family do on the second day of the trip? ① They went to Hankou. ②They visited Hubei Museum. ③They watched the light show on the ship. ④They visited the Yellow Crane Tower. A．①② B．①④ C．③④ D．②③ 3．What do we know about Wuhan from the reading? A．It has a long history. B．It is very hot in autumn. C．The food there is sweet. D．Few visitors travel there. 4．What does the underlined (划线的) word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)? A．A T-shirt. B．A fan. C．A watch. D．A dress. 5．What does Lingling think of her trip to Wuhan? A．It is very boring. B．She learned a little from it. C．She likes it very much. D．It isn’t a good shopping trip. 3 Hi, friends! I’m Peter from Hungary. I am a middle school student in Grade 7. I want to talk about the weather of my country in a year. School starts on September 1st and that’s the beginning of autumn. It’s often sunny. And it is a rich season because trees are full of fruit. But in October and November, it’s usually cold and windy. It rains a lot and it’s often foggy (有雾的). The leaves of the trees fall down. Winter is very cold. The temperature falls under 0°C． It often snows and there are stormy winds (暴风). It is better to sit inside by the fire when the cold wind is blowing outside. Many people like winter because of winter sports like skating and skiing (滑雪). In Hungary there aren’t very high mountains, so people often go skiing abroad. I like spring a lot because after the long cold, wet and foggy days, it is warm again. Trees are in full blossom (开花). You can see lovely spring flowers everywhere. The weather is quite changeable in April. It may be super sunny and warm in one minute and windy and cold in another. It often rains, and sometimes it’s cloudy. But most of the time it is warm and sunny. My favorite season is summer. It is very hot in July and August. Sometimes there are showers (阵雨) or rainstorms. There are all kinds of fruit in summer. Children prefer summer to the other seasons because there is no school and we can take our holidays. 1．In Hungary, it’s often rainy, windy and foggy in ________. A．May B．July C．September D．November 2．Many people in Hungary like winter because they can ________. A． B． C． D． 3．______ in both summer and autumn in Hungary. A．There is no school B．The temperatures are high C．There are lots of fruit D．There are many rainstorms 4．Which season do the kids in Hungary like best? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter. 5．Which is a suitable title for the passage? A．My Favorite Season in Hungary B．Weather and Activities in Hungary C．Seasons in Hungary D．Fruit and Sports in Hungary 4 Bob’s father has a big farm. On New Year’s Day, he asked Bob, “Could you work on the farm when you’re free this year?” “Farming is not my work, Dad. I have much schoolwork to do.” Bob wasn’t glad about it. “If you help me work on the farm, I will give you anything you want.” “OK.” Bob agreed happily. So Bob gets up early and works hard on the farm in his free time this year, just like other farmers. His wheat (小麦) grows very well. Time flies. Today is December 31st, the last day of the year. The father is talking with his son. “I’m happy to see you work hard on the farm, Bob. Now tell me what you want as the gift (礼物). Bob shows his father a big piece of bread. He makes it with the wheat on his farm. “I have already gotten (已经得到) your gift, Dad. You are trying to give me a lesson—no pain, no gain. Right?” 1．Bob is a(n) ________. A．actor B．singer C．farmer D．student 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? (带下划线的单词“it”指代的是什么？) A．Staying at home. B．Getting a new job. C．Working on the farm. D．Having a New Year party. 3．The underlined word “agreed” means ________ in Chinese. A．承认 B．同意 C．拒绝 D．考虑 4．Bob gets ________ from his father. A．some bread B．a small farm C．much money D．an important lesson 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Bob grows wheat hard on the farm. B．Bob is not a good boy. C．Bob doesn’t learn from other farmers. D．Bob doesn’t study hard at school. 5 Today was an amazing day. There was a total solar eclipse in Wuhan! I woke up early because I couldn’t wait to see it! My friends and I went down to the Yangtze River to find a good place to watch it. We took cameras, chairs, food and drink, and special glasses so we could look at it. Lots of people gathered there to watch too. Slowly, the moon moved in front of the sun. It looked like someone bit a hole in the sun! It got darker and darker as the moon slowly covered the sun. At 9:26 a.m. the moon completely covered the sun. The sky went dark. The crowd gasped and cheered. The light of the sun made a ring of light around the moon. I took this photograph then. The total eclipse lasted for over five minutes! Then it passed and the sky started to get brighter again. I was really inspired by the eclipse this morning. In the afternoon, I spent hours reading about astronomy (天文学), eclipses, and how the planets move in our solar system. The universe is simply amazing! I also watched some videos with famous Chinese astronauts. I want to become an astronaut or astronomer (天文学家) someday too. The sky is the limit! 1．Where did Lisa and her friends watch the solar eclipse? A．By the Yellow River. B．By the Yangtze River. C．In the city park. D．At their school. 2．Why did Lisa and her friends take special glasses? A．To take better photos of the eclipse. B．To protect their eyes while watching the eclipse. C．To make themselves look cool. D．To keep the sun’s light away from their drinks. 3．What does the underlined word “gasped” mean? A．惊吓 B．担忧 C．惊叹 D．理解 4．How long did the total solar eclipse last? A．For about three minutes. B．For over five minutes. C．For nearly ten minutes. D．The passage doesn’t say. 5．What did Lisa want to be when she grew up? A．An astronaut or an astronomer. B．A famous singer or dancer. C．A doctor or a teacher. D．A scientist working in a lab. 6 I’m Jim. Hill running is a sport of running up and down hills and mountains. My friends don’t love it, but I love it. My dad introduced me to the sport when I was seven. I enjoyed it and I joined a hill running club one year later. There are some great runners in the club. When we practise running, I always fall behind them. But that doesn’t make me lose heart. They are friendly to me and often give me advice. We race with other clubs at weekends. In these races, runners know where to finish, but they don't know how to get there. You need a good map and compass (指南针) so you won’t get lost. Everyone starts together, but later in the race you often find yourself running by yourself. Anyone can enter (参加) these races-you just get there in the morning, pay $5, and run. There are no T-shirts or money for the winners. But you can get a cake! That doesn’t mean it’s an easy sport. Last weekend I ran a race under heavy rain. The bad weather made running really difficult. But I got to the end, and that was an exciting feeling. 1．How old was Jim when he joined the hill running club? A．6. B．7. C．8. D．9. 2．What does Jim think of the runners in the club? A．Strict. B．Silent. C．Lonely. D．Friendly. 3．What can we learn about the races from the passage? A．The winners of the races can get a cake. B．Anyone can enter the races without giving money. C．People don’t need compasses or maps in the races. D．During the races, runners run together all the time. 4．How did Jim feel after the race last weekend? A．Easy. B．Excited. C．Nervous. D．Unhappy. 5．In which part of a newspaper may we find this passage? A．Food. B．Music. C．Sports. D．Science. 7 It is a Friday evening. All the members of Jack’s family are around the dinner table. They are enjoying a meal together. Jack’s parents are always busy from Monday to Friday afternoon. Jack stays at home with his grandparents and little sister Annie during weekdays. The big family usually get together and have a big meal on Friday evening. Today, Jack’s grandparents make delicious dumplings for them. Jack’s mother cooks fish. As they sit down to eat, Jack’s father says, “Does anyone want to hear a funny story?” All the other members put up their hands. Jack’s father then starts his story. The story makes everyone laugh. “I also want to share something at school with you,” Jack’s little sister says. Jack says with a smile, “OK. It is your show time.” After the meal, Jack takes a photo of his family and shares it on his WeChat Moments (朋友圈). 1．What does Jack’s mother make? A．Fish. B．Chicken. C．Noodles. D．Dumplings. 2．Who tells an interesting story? A．Jack’s father. B．Jack’s grandmother. C．Jack’s sister. D．Jack’s mother. 3．What might Jack’s WeChat Moments be today? A． B． C． D． 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Jack’s busy parents. B．A happy dinner time. C．Jack’s sister Annie. D．A delicious meal. 8 Camilla Chimp is a special little girl. She likes to spend her time alone eating chocolate. Her parents are worried, so they take all the chocolate away. Camilla leaves her house to look for some chocolate. She finds a small house full of bottles. She finds a blue bottle among the bottles. It is filled with chocolate. In the bottle is a card with the words “Change tears into chocolate.” on it. Camilla is very excited. She runs out of the house with the bottle to look for someone crying. First, she meets a little boy crying hard and collects his tears. The tears are quickly changed into chocolate. While Camilla is collecting the tears, she comforts the boy. Finally, The boy stops crying and they have a good time together. Later, Camilla meets a woman and an old man crying. The woman has broken some bowls. And the man’s dog just dies. Camilla collects their tears and make them happy again. Soon, Camilla knows that making people happy is much more important than finding chocolate. So she stops collecting tears and begins to help sad people. As a result, she has many friends and has a happy life. 1．What does Camilla look for at first (起初)? A．Cards. B．Tears. C．Bottles. D．Chocolate. 2．How many people does Camilla help before she stops collecting tears? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．Why does Camilla stop collecting tears? A．Because she gets a lot of chocolate from her parents. B．Because she collects enough tears from other people. C．Because she wants to make friends with more people. D．Because she knows making people happy is more important. 4．What do you think of Camilla according to the story? A．Clever but funny. B．Magic and smart. C．Kind and helpful. D．Special but excellent. 9 The owl (猫头鹰) always sleeps during the day. There was a certain old owl who had become very hard to please as she grew older, especially if anything disturbed (妨碍) her sleep. One warm summer afternoon as she slept in an old tree, a grasshopper (蚱蜢) began a song. The song woke the old owl up and the old owl became very angry. “Get away from here, sir,” she said to the grasshopper. “Have you no manners? You should at least respect my age and leave me to sleep in quiet!” But the grasshopper said that he had as much right to his place in the sun as the owl had to her place in the old oak (橡树). Then he sang more loudly. The old owl knew quite well that it would do no good to argue with the grasshopper. What was more, her eyes were not good enough by day to let her kill the grasshopper. So she stopped all hard words and spoke very kindly to him. “Well sir,” she said, “if I must stay awake, I am going to enjoy your singing. Now that I think of it, I have a wonderful wine (葡萄酒) here. I hear Apollo drinks before he sings to the gods. Please come up and taste this delicious drink with me. I know it will make you sing like Apollo himself.” The stupid grasshopper believed in the owl’s words, so he jumped near the owl. As soon as he was near enough and the old owl could see him clearly, she caught him and ate him up. 1．What did the grasshopper do when the owl slept on a warm summer afternoon? A．He laughed at her. B．He ate her family. C．He sang a song. D．He visited her. 2．What does the underlined word “manners” mean in Chinese? A．广告 B．礼貌 C．辐射 D．缺点 3．Why did the owl speak kindly to the grasshopper later? ①Because arguing with him wasn’t helpful. ②Because the grasshopper had a knife. ③Because her eyes were not good enough by day. ④Because the grasshopper agreed not to disturb her. A．①③ B．②③ C．①④ D．②④ 4．How did the owl catch the grasshopper at last? A．By singing with him. B．By taking his knife away. C．By offering him a wonderful wine. D．By inviting him to sing with Apollo. 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．Good friends B．A smart owl C．A Grasshopper’s party D．A big tree 10 ①Teachers are often considered (认为) to be engineers of the human soul. They are expected to spread knowledge, ideas and truth. There’s one person in China who is called the “teacher of teachers”. He is Tao Xingzhi, a Chinese educator. ②Born in Anhui province, China, in 1891, Tao studied abroad for educational philosophy (心理学). When Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator, he did not blindly follow western education methods or theories. In fact, he changed the saying of “Education is life itself” to “Life is education”. Similarly, instead of “school as society (社会)”, he saw it as “society as school”. ③For Tao, education is an active experience in real-life instead of telling and being told. He supported “unity of teaching, learning, and reflective (反思的) acting”. ④Besides developing education methods, Tao also tried his best to improve mass education. After doing surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was surprised to learn that in China more than 70% of the people in the city didn’t know how to read or write. ⑤To solve the problem, Tao organized young workers and farmers to study while working. To deal with the shortage of teachers and money, in 1927, Tao set up Xiaozhuang Normal College in Nanjing to train teachers and educators, most of whom became teachers at schools in the countryside. ⑥In January 1934, he started the “Little Teacher” movement in which young students were encouraged to serve as teachers to others, even to those older than themselves. Under Tao’s guidance, over 18,000 “little teachers” were invited in Shanghai within 10 months. It later included 28 provinces and cities as a key nationwide education movement. Even in the fight against the Japanese army, Tao never forgot his dream. He founded a middle school in Chongqing and offered free education to poor children. ⑦Maybe Tao’s motto is the best explanation for his life. “Giving a whole heart, yet taking nothing in return, not even a leaf of grass.” 1．What is the correct order of Tao Xingzhi’s life experiences? a. He did surveys in different places in China. b. He went to the US to study educational philosophy. c. He began to build colleges to train teachers and educators. d. He called on young students to be teachers to others in need. e. He returned to China and started his own career as an educator. A．a-c-b-d-e B．a-d-c-e-b C．b-e-a-c-d D．b-c-e-a-d 2．The underlined phrase “mass education” in Paragraph 4 may mean education for ________. A．young children B．ordinary people C．kids with great talent D．poor workers 3．According to the passage, which of the following ideas may Tao Xingzhi agree with? A．School is the best place to learn knowledge and values. B．Students should learn from the world outside their schools. C．Education is telling and being told between teachers and students. D．It is the most important to teach students practical skills in school. 4．The structure of the passage may be ________? A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Life is Education B．Little Teacher Movement C．How to be a Good Teacher D．An Engineer of Human Soul 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年暑假新七年级英语衔接学习系列 专题18 阅读理解之记叙文(语篇与方法) 一、语篇特点 记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体形式。记叙文六要素一般为时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过、结果。在英语阅读理解中，记叙文类语篇常常具有以下特点： 1. 故事性：有一个完整的故事，可能是关于人物的经历、事件的发展等，情节有起有伏，吸引读者的注意力。比如讲述一个孩子第一次独自旅行的经历，从准备出发时的兴奋，到旅途中遇到困难的紧张，再到最终克服困难到达目的地的喜悦，整个过程充满故事性。 2. 人物明确：文章围绕特定的人物展开，对人物的语言、动作、心理、外貌等方面进行描写，以塑造人物形象。例如描述一位乐于助人的老师，会通过老师帮助学生解决学习和生活问题的具体事例，以及老师说话的方式、表情动作等展现其形象。 3. 时间和地点线索：通常会有清晰的时间顺序或者地点转换，帮助读者理解故事发生的背景和情节发展的脉络。像以暑假为时间背景，描述一家人在不同城市旅游的经历，按照时间先后顺序讲述在各个城市的所见所闻。 二、试题考法及提问方式 1. 细节理解题 【考查方法】考查学生对文章中具体信息的获取和理解能力，这些信息通常能在原文中直接找到。 【提问方式】 According to the passage, who / what / when / where / why / how...? 例如：According to the passage, when did the story happen?（根据文章，这个故事什么时候发生的？） Which of the following is TRUE / FALSE according to the passage?（根据文章，以下哪一项是正确的/错误的？） What can we learn from Paragraph...?（我们能从第……段中学到什么？） 2. 推理判断题 【考查方法】要求学生根据文章所提供的信息，进行合理的推理和判断，得出文章中没有明确表述的结论。 【提问方式】 What can we infer / conclude from the passage?（从文章中我们可以推断/得出什么结论？） The writer implies / suggests that...（作者暗示/表明……） What's the author's attitude towards...?（作者对……的态度是什么？） 3. 主旨大意题 【考查方法】测试学生对文章整体内容的把握和概括能力，需要理解文章的核心思想。 【提问方式】 What is the main idea of the passage?（这篇文章的主旨大意是什么？） What's the passage mainly about?（这篇文章主要讲了什么？） Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?（以下哪一个可以作为这篇文章的最佳标题？） 4. 词义猜测题 【考查方法】让学生根据上下文语境猜测文章中某个生词或短语的含义。 【提问方式】 What does the underlined word “...” mean in Chinese / English?（划线单词“……”在中文/英文中是什么意思？） The underlined word “...” refers to...（划线单词“……”指的是……） 三、解答策略 1. 细节理解题 【解答方法】 读题：仔细阅读题目，明确题目所问的具体信息，圈出关键词，如人物、时间、地点、事件等。 定位：根据关键词在文章中快速定位相关段落或句子，通常可以通过扫读的方式，眼睛快速扫视文章，寻找与关键词相关的内容。 对比：将定位到的原文内容与选项进行仔细对比，注意选项中的表述与原文是否一致，有时可能会出现同义替换、语序调整等情况。例如原文中说“Tom went to the park by bike.”，选项中可能表述为“Tom rode a bike to the park.”。 【注意事项】 认真细致，不要遗漏重要信息，有些选项可能部分内容正确，但存在细节错误，需要仔细甄别。 以原文为依据，不能主观臆断，即使某个选项看起来很合理，但如果在原文中找不到依据，也不能选择。 2. 推理判断题 【解答方法】 理解原文：全面理解文章的内容和作者的意图，把握文章的整体逻辑。 分析选项：对每个选项进行分析，判断其是否能从文章中合理推出。注意选项中是否存在过度推理、与原文矛盾或无中生有的情况。 依据推理：根据文章中的具体细节和线索进行推理，例如人物的行为、语言、心理活动等，以及事件的发展过程。比如文章中提到“John looked at his broken bike and sighed.”，可以推断出John因为自行车坏了而感到沮丧。 【注意事项】 推理要基于原文，不能脱离文章内容进行无端猜测。 对于作者的态度题，要关注作者在文章中使用的词汇和语气，是积极的、消极的还是中立的。例如作者使用了“wonderful”“amazing”等词，通常表示积极态度；若使用“terrible”“disappointing”等词，则表示消极态度。 3. 主旨大意题 【解答方法】 浏览全文：快速浏览文章的标题、首尾段以及每段的首句，对文章的大致内容和结构有初步了解。 归纳总结：分析文章各段落的主要内容，找出它们之间的关联和共性，从而概括出文章的主旨。如果文章是关于一次环保活动，各段落分别介绍了活动的发起、过程和影响，那么主旨就是关于这次环保活动的整体情况。 筛选选项：将选项与自己总结的主旨进行对比，选择最能准确概括文章核心内容的选项。注意选项是否过于宽泛或过于具体，过于宽泛的选项可能没有准确涵盖文章的重点，过于具体的选项可能只是文章的一个细节，不能代表整体主旨。 【注意事项】 避免以偏概全，不能将文章中的某个段落的大意当作全文的主旨。 对于标题归纳题，标题要简洁明了，能够准确反映文章的主旨，同时具有一定的吸引力。 4. 词义猜测题 【解答方法】 确定语境：找到划线单词所在的句子以及其上下文，分析句子之间的逻辑关系，判断该单词在语境中的含义。 运用技巧： 根据定义或解释猜测：如果文章中对该单词有定义或解释，通常会使用“be defined as”“mean”“that is”等词或短语引出。例如“The word ‘pest’ means an insect or small animal that damages crops or food.”，可以很容易猜出“pest”的意思是“害虫”。 根据同义词、反义词猜测：如果上下文中有与该单词意思相近或相反的词，可以通过对比来猜测词义。比如“He is very stingy. He never spends money on unnecessary things. His brother, however, is quite generous.”，通过“however”可知“stingy”与“generous”（慷慨的）意思相反，从而猜出“stingy”是“吝啬的”意思。 根据举例猜测：当文章中出现“such as”“for example”等短语举例时，可以通过例子来理解单词的含义。例如“Some fruits, such as apples, bananas and oranges, are rich in vitamins.”，从所举的例子可以知道“fruits”是“水果”的意思。 根据构词法猜测：如果单词是由熟悉的词根、前缀、后缀构成，可以通过分析其构成来猜测词义。比如“unhappy”，“un - ”是表示否定的前缀，“happy”是“高兴的”，所以“unhappy”就是“不高兴的”。 【注意事项】 要结合具体语境，同一个单词在不同的语境中可能有不同的含义。 猜测词义后，要将其代入原文中进行验证，看是否符合上下文的逻辑和语义。 四、语段分析 Last Sunday, my parents and I went to the zoo. We got up early in the morning and had a quick breakfast. Then we took a bus to the zoo. When we arrived at the zoo, there were already many people there. We first went to see the monkeys. They were very cute. Some were jumping up and down in the trees, some were eating bananas, and others were making faces at the visitors. My father took many photos of the monkeys. After that, we went to see the elephants. The elephants were very big and strong. They had long noses and big ears. One of the elephants was drawing a picture with its nose. It was really amazing! We also saw many other animals, such as tigers, lions, giraffes and pandas. We had a great time at the zoo. It was a wonderful day. 1. When did the writer go to the zoo? A. Last Saturday. B. Last Sunday. C. This Sunday. D. This Saturday. 【试题解析】这是一道细节理解题。根据文章第一句“Last Sunday, my parents and I went to the zoo.”，可以直接得出答案为B选项。解题时通过读题圈出关键词“when”，然后在文章中定位到相关句子，对比选项得出答案。 2. How did they go to the zoo? A. By bike. B. By car. C. By bus. D. On foot. 【试题解析】同样是细节理解题。从文章中“Then we took a bus to the zoo.”可知，他们是乘坐公交车去的动物园，答案是C选项。按照细节理解题的解答方法，读题明确问的是交通方式，定位到相关句子，得出正确答案。 3. What were the monkeys doing? A. They were sleeping. B. They were singing. C. They were jumping, eating and making faces. D. They were drawing pictures. 【试题解析】还是细节理解题。文中提到“They were very cute. Some were jumping up and down in the trees, some were eating bananas, and others were making faces at the visitors.”，所以猴子们在跳跃、吃香蕉和做鬼脸，C选项正确。读题后在描述猴子的段落中找到相关细节，与选项对比得出答案。 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. The writer doesn't like animals. B. The writer's parents didn't go to the zoo. C. The writer had a boring day. D. The writer enjoyed the day at the zoo. 【试题解析】这是一道推理判断题。文章最后一句提到“We had a great time at the zoo. It was a wonderful day.”，由此可以推断出作者在动物园度过了愉快的一天，D选项正确。A选项与文章内容不符，作者去动物园且玩得开心说明喜欢动物；B选项与原文第一句矛盾；C选项与最后一句表达的情感相悖。根据文章中作者的描述和表达的情感进行合理推理，排除错误选项。 5. What is the best title for the passage? A. My Favorite Animals B. A Trip to the Zoo C. The Animals in the Zoo D. How to Get to the Zoo 【试题解析】这是主旨大意题中的标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了作者一家上周日去动物园的经历，包括去的过程、在动物园看到的动物等，所以“ A Trip to the Zoo”（一次动物园之旅）最能概括文章内容，B选项正确。A选项只强调了最喜欢的动物，没有涵盖整个去动物园的过程；C选项只说动物园里的动物，没有突出作者一家的经历；D选项只是文章中的一个细节，不能作为标题。通过浏览全文，总结文章核心内容，对比选项得出合适的标题。 1 “Hey, I’m Sandra from Lisbon. Welcome back to my channel! Today I’m visiting a friend in Paris. It’s a wonderful city! There are many tourists here. They’re visiting the museums and galleries. Some tourists are taking a boat along the River Seine too! My friends and I are going to the Eiffel Tower now! I’m taking lots of photos to send to my family.” “Nihao! It’s Liu Meng from Shanghai. Right now my family and I are visiting friends in Canada. We’re all on a tour of the Niagara Falls. It’s amazing! We’re on a boat close to the falls. The water’s pouring fast over the falls. It’s so powerful! We’re wearing raincoats but are still getting very wet! We’re having great fun anyway!” “Hey everyone! Alex. Today I’m visiting my uncle in Thailand. We’re at the beach now! I’m from Switzerland, and this is actually my first time seeing the sea! It’s great. The sun is shining and it’s really hot, but there are still lots of people here. Some people are swimming and playing in the water, and others are sunbathing or playing games on the beach. My uncle is teaching me how to surf. It’s tricky, but I think I’m making good progress. It feels great to ride the waves!” 1．What is Sandra’s main plan in Paris? A．Visiting museums and galleries. B．Taking a boat tour on the River Seine. C．Going to the Eiffel Tower and taking photos. D．Buying souvenirs for her family. 2．How does Liu Meng describe her family’s experience at Niagara Falls? A．They feel scared because of the powerful water. B．They enjoy themselves despite getting wet. C．They get soaked for not wearing raincoats. D．They only view the falls from a distance. 3．What new activity is Alex trying for the first time in Thailand? A．Swimming. B．Sunbathing. C．Surfing. D．Playing beach games. 4．In Alex’s story, the word “tricky” (paragraph 3) most likely means: A．Dangerous. B．Requiring skill and practice. C．Exhausting. D．Slippery. 5．What is the common theme in all three stories? A．The magnificence of natural landmarks. B．Visiting relatives in foreign countries. C．Trying new experiences during travels. D．Comparing tourist attractions worldwide. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了三个人在不同国家的旅行经历。他们分别描述了自己在旅行中的所见所闻和所做的事情。 1．细节理解题。根据“My friends and I are going to the Eiffel Tower now! I’m taking lots of photos to send to my family.”可知，Sandra在巴黎的主要计划是去埃菲尔铁塔并拍照。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“We’re having great fun anyway!”可知，尽管Liu Meng和她的家人因为瀑布的水而湿透了，但他们仍然玩得很开心。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“My uncle is teaching me how to surf. It’s tricky, but I think I’m making good progress.”可知，Alex在泰国第一次尝试的新活动是冲浪。故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据“It’s tricky, but I think I’m making good progress.”可知，Alex认为冲浪虽然有点难，但他认为自己正在取得好进展。由此可以推断，“tricky”在这里的意思是“需要技巧和练习的”。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据三人的描述可知，他们都在旅行中尝试了新的体验。Sandra去了巴黎的埃菲尔铁塔并拍照，Liu Meng和她的家人在尼亚加拉瀑布乘船游览，Alex在泰国海滩尝试冲浪。因此，这三个故事的共同主题是“在旅行中尝试新的体验”。故选C。 2 Hello, everyone! My name is Lingling. I’d like to share my wonderful trip to Wuhan with you. On National Day, my family drove to Wuhan. It is a large city with a long history and beautiful scenery (景色). It is very hot in summer but it is very cool in autumn in Wuhan. On the first day, we visited the Yellow Crane Tower (黄鹤楼). It stands by the Changjiang River and there are many famous poems (诗歌) about it. We stood in line for a long time because many people came to visit it. The next day, we visited Hubei Museum. We learned a lot about the art, history and culture (文化) of the city. In the evening, we took a ship and watched the light show along the Changjiang River. It was wonderful. On the third day, we went to Hankou. It is a good place to shop and eat. There are many stores and supermarkets in Hankou. My parents bought a watch and a T-shirt. My sister bought a dress. I bought a beautiful fan for my best friend. I believe she’ll like it. Of course, we also ate some special food of Wuhan, such as hot dry noodles (热干面) and Wuhan duck necks. I think they are delicious because I like hot food best. I really had a good time in Wuhan. I hope to visit it again some day. 1．How did Lingling go to Wuhan? A．By train. B．By car. C．By plane. D．By bike. 2．What did the family do on the second day of the trip? ① They went to Hankou. ②They visited Hubei Museum. ③They watched the light show on the ship. ④They visited the Yellow Crane Tower. A．①② B．①④ C．③④ D．②③ 3．What do we know about Wuhan from the reading? A．It has a long history. B．It is very hot in autumn. C．The food there is sweet. D．Few visitors travel there. 4．What does the underlined (划线的) word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to (指代)? A．A T-shirt. B．A fan. C．A watch. D．A dress. 5．What does Lingling think of her trip to Wuhan? A．It is very boring. B．She learned a little from it. C．She likes it very much. D．It isn’t a good shopping trip. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了玲玲在国庆节期间和家人自驾去武汉旅行的经历，包括参观黄鹤楼、湖北博物馆、汉口购物以及品尝当地美食等。 1．细节理解题。根据“my family drove to Wuhan”可知，玲玲一家是开车去的武汉。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The next day, we visited Hubei Museum”和“we took a ship and watched the light show”可知，第二天她们参观了湖北博物馆并乘船观看了灯光秀，即②③。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“It is a large city with a long history”可知，武汉历史悠久。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据“I bought a beautiful fan for my best friend.”可知，玲玲给她最好的朋友买了一把漂亮的扇子。她相信她朋友会喜欢这把扇子。“it”指代前文提到的“fan”。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“I really had a good time in Wuhan. I hope to visit it again some day.”可知，玲玲非常喜欢这次旅行。故选C。 3 Hi, friends! I’m Peter from Hungary. I am a middle school student in Grade 7. I want to talk about the weather of my country in a year. School starts on September 1st and that’s the beginning of autumn. It’s often sunny. And it is a rich season because trees are full of fruit. But in October and November, it’s usually cold and windy. It rains a lot and it’s often foggy (有雾的). The leaves of the trees fall down. Winter is very cold. The temperature falls under 0°C． It often snows and there are stormy winds (暴风). It is better to sit inside by the fire when the cold wind is blowing outside. Many people like winter because of winter sports like skating and skiing (滑雪). In Hungary there aren’t very high mountains, so people often go skiing abroad. I like spring a lot because after the long cold, wet and foggy days, it is warm again. Trees are in full blossom (开花). You can see lovely spring flowers everywhere. The weather is quite changeable in April. It may be super sunny and warm in one minute and windy and cold in another. It often rains, and sometimes it’s cloudy. But most of the time it is warm and sunny. My favorite season is summer. It is very hot in July and August. Sometimes there are showers (阵雨) or rainstorms. There are all kinds of fruit in summer. Children prefer summer to the other seasons because there is no school and we can take our holidays. 1．In Hungary, it’s often rainy, windy and foggy in ________. A．May B．July C．September D．November 2．Many people in Hungary like winter because they can ________. A． B． C． D． 3．______ in both summer and autumn in Hungary. A．There is no school B．The temperatures are high C．There are lots of fruit D．There are many rainstorms 4．Which season do the kids in Hungary like best? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. D．Winter. 5．Which is a suitable title for the passage? A．My Favorite Season in Hungary B．Weather and Activities in Hungary C．Seasons in Hungary D．Fruit and Sports in Hungary 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要以彼得的视角，介绍了匈牙利四季特点：秋季多雾多雨、果实丰收；冬季寒冷多雪，适合滑雪；春季温暖多变、鲜花盛开；夏季炎热，有假期和丰富水果，全面展现了匈牙利的季节风貌。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“But in October and November, it’s usually cold and windy. It rains a lot and it’s often foggy”可知，11月符合“多雨、多风、有雾”的描述，故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Many people like winter because of winter sports like skating and skiing”可知，滑雪属于户外冬季运动，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“School starts on September 1st and that’s the beginning of autumn. It’s often sunny. And it is a rich season because trees are full of fruit.”及“There are all kinds of fruit”可知，因此夏天和秋天是“水果丰富”的季节，故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“Children prefer summer to the other seasons because there is no school”可知，与其它季节相比孩子们最喜欢夏天，故选B。 5．最佳标题题。文章围绕匈牙利四季的天气、特色活动及自然现象展开，通篇以“四季”为核心。故选C。 4 Bob’s father has a big farm. On New Year’s Day, he asked Bob, “Could you work on the farm when you’re free this year?” “Farming is not my work, Dad. I have much schoolwork to do.” Bob wasn’t glad about it. “If you help me work on the farm, I will give you anything you want.” “OK.” Bob agreed happily. So Bob gets up early and works hard on the farm in his free time this year, just like other farmers. His wheat (小麦) grows very well. Time flies. Today is December 31st, the last day of the year. The father is talking with his son. “I’m happy to see you work hard on the farm, Bob. Now tell me what you want as the gift (礼物). Bob shows his father a big piece of bread. He makes it with the wheat on his farm. “I have already gotten (已经得到) your gift, Dad. You are trying to give me a lesson—no pain, no gain. Right?” 1．Bob is a(n) ________. A．actor B．singer C．farmer D．student 2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to? (带下划线的单词“it”指代的是什么？) A．Staying at home. B．Getting a new job. C．Working on the farm. D．Having a New Year party. 3．The underlined word “agreed” means ________ in Chinese. A．承认 B．同意 C．拒绝 D．考虑 4．Bob gets ________ from his father. A．some bread B．a small farm C．much money D．an important lesson 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Bob grows wheat hard on the farm. B．Bob is not a good boy. C．Bob doesn’t learn from other farmers. D．Bob doesn’t study hard at school. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 【解析】本文主要讲述了Bob的父亲通过让Bob在农场工作，让Bob明白了：没有付出就没有收获。 1．细节理解题。根据“I have much schoolwork to do.”可知，Bob是一个学生。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Could you work on the farm when you’re free this year?”可知，Bob对于父亲让他去农场工作感到不开心，因此it指代上文“work on the farm”。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“‘OK.’ Bob agreed happily.”可知，Bob很开心并说了好的，所以这里“agreed”意为“同意”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“I have already gotten (已经得到) your gift, Dad. You are trying to give me a lesson—no pain, no gain. Right?”可知，Bob从父亲那里学到了重要的一课。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“So Bob gets up early and works hard on the farm in his free time this year, just like other farmers. His wheat (小麦) grows very well.”可知，Bob在农场上辛勤地种植小麦。故选A。 5 Today was an amazing day. There was a total solar eclipse in Wuhan! I woke up early because I couldn’t wait to see it! My friends and I went down to the Yangtze River to find a good place to watch it. We took cameras, chairs, food and drink, and special glasses so we could look at it. Lots of people gathered there to watch too. Slowly, the moon moved in front of the sun. It looked like someone bit a hole in the sun! It got darker and darker as the moon slowly covered the sun. At 9:26 a.m. the moon completely covered the sun. The sky went dark. The crowd gasped and cheered. The light of the sun made a ring of light around the moon. I took this photograph then. The total eclipse lasted for over five minutes! Then it passed and the sky started to get brighter again. I was really inspired by the eclipse this morning. In the afternoon, I spent hours reading about astronomy (天文学), eclipses, and how the planets move in our solar system. The universe is simply amazing! I also watched some videos with famous Chinese astronauts. I want to become an astronaut or astronomer (天文学家) someday too. The sky is the limit! 1．Where did Lisa and her friends watch the solar eclipse? A．By the Yellow River. B．By the Yangtze River. C．In the city park. D．At their school. 2．Why did Lisa and her friends take special glasses? A．To take better photos of the eclipse. B．To protect their eyes while watching the eclipse. C．To make themselves look cool. D．To keep the sun’s light away from their drinks. 3．What does the underlined word “gasped” mean? A．惊吓 B．担忧 C．惊叹 D．理解 4．How long did the total solar eclipse last? A．For about three minutes. B．For over five minutes. C．For nearly ten minutes. D．The passage doesn’t say. 5．What did Lisa want to be when she grew up? A．An astronaut or an astronomer. B．A famous singer or dancer. C．A doctor or a teacher. D．A scientist working in a lab. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者丽莎在武汉观看日全食的难忘经历。 1．细节理解题。根据“My friends and I went down to the Yangtze River to find a good place to watch it.”可知，丽莎和她的朋友们在长江边观看日食， 故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据常识以及文中“We took cameras, chairs, food and drink, and special glasses so we could look at it.”可知，带特殊眼镜是为了在观看日食时保护眼睛， 故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“The sky went dark. The crowd gasped and cheered.”可知，天空变黑，人们又“gasped”又欢呼，结合语境这里是人们对日食景象感到惊叹，所以“gasped”意思是“惊叹”， 故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“The total eclipse lasted for over five minutes!”可知，日全食持续了超过五分钟， 故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“I want to become an astronaut or astronomer (天文学家) someday too.”可知，丽莎长大后想成为一名宇航员或天文学家， 故选A。 6 I’m Jim. Hill running is a sport of running up and down hills and mountains. My friends don’t love it, but I love it. My dad introduced me to the sport when I was seven. I enjoyed it and I joined a hill running club one year later. There are some great runners in the club. When we practise running, I always fall behind them. But that doesn’t make me lose heart. They are friendly to me and often give me advice. We race with other clubs at weekends. In these races, runners know where to finish, but they don't know how to get there. You need a good map and compass (指南针) so you won’t get lost. Everyone starts together, but later in the race you often find yourself running by yourself. Anyone can enter (参加) these races-you just get there in the morning, pay $5, and run. There are no T-shirts or money for the winners. But you can get a cake! That doesn’t mean it’s an easy sport. Last weekend I ran a race under heavy rain. The bad weather made running really difficult. But I got to the end, and that was an exciting feeling. 1．How old was Jim when he joined the hill running club? A．6. B．7. C．8. D．9. 2．What does Jim think of the runners in the club? A．Strict. B．Silent. C．Lonely. D．Friendly. 3．What can we learn about the races from the passage? A．The winners of the races can get a cake. B．Anyone can enter the races without giving money. C．People don’t need compasses or maps in the races. D．During the races, runners run together all the time. 4．How did Jim feel after the race last weekend? A．Easy. B．Excited. C．Nervous. D．Unhappy. 5．In which part of a newspaper may we find this passage? A．Food. B．Music. C．Sports. D．Science. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【解析】本文讲述了吉姆参与山地跑步运动的经历，包括他加入俱乐部的过程、俱乐部成员的友善、比赛规则及恶劣天气下完赛的成就感。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“My dad introduced me to the sport when I was seven. I enjoyed it and I joined a hill running club one year later.”可知，7岁接触该运动，一年后加入俱乐部。即加入俱乐部年龄为8岁。故选C。 2．观点态度题。根据第二段“They are friendly to me and often give me advice.”可知，俱乐部成员很友善。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“There are no T-shirts or money for the winners. But you can get a cake!”可知，获胜者可得蛋糕。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But I got to the end, and that was an exciting feeling.”可知，上周比赛后Jim感到很兴奋。故选B。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，讲述了Jim对山地跑步的热爱以及他在山地跑步俱乐部的经历。故推测我们可以从报纸的运动部分读到这篇文章。故选C。 7 It is a Friday evening. All the members of Jack’s family are around the dinner table. They are enjoying a meal together. Jack’s parents are always busy from Monday to Friday afternoon. Jack stays at home with his grandparents and little sister Annie during weekdays. The big family usually get together and have a big meal on Friday evening. Today, Jack’s grandparents make delicious dumplings for them. Jack’s mother cooks fish. As they sit down to eat, Jack’s father says, “Does anyone want to hear a funny story?” All the other members put up their hands. Jack’s father then starts his story. The story makes everyone laugh. “I also want to share something at school with you,” Jack’s little sister says. Jack says with a smile, “OK. It is your show time.” After the meal, Jack takes a photo of his family and shares it on his WeChat Moments (朋友圈). 1．What does Jack’s mother make? A．Fish. B．Chicken. C．Noodles. D．Dumplings. 2．Who tells an interesting story? A．Jack’s father. B．Jack’s grandmother. C．Jack’s sister. D．Jack’s mother. 3．What might Jack’s WeChat Moments be today? A． B． C． D． 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．Jack’s busy parents. B．A happy dinner time. C．Jack’s sister Annie. D．A delicious meal. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．B 【解析】本文主要讲述了Jack一家在周五晚上的愉快聚餐时光，包括共同享用美食、分享故事以及温馨的家庭互动。 1．细节理解题。根据“Jack’s mother cooks fish.”可知，Jack的妈妈煮了鱼。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Jack’s father then starts his story.”可知，Jack的爸爸讲故事。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“After the meal, Jack takes a photo of his family and shares it on his WeChat Moments (朋友圈).”可知，Jack拍下了全家福照片并发了朋友圈。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了Jack一家在周五晚上的愉快聚餐时光，包括共同享用美食、分享故事以及温馨的家庭互动。故选B。 8 Camilla Chimp is a special little girl. She likes to spend her time alone eating chocolate. Her parents are worried, so they take all the chocolate away. Camilla leaves her house to look for some chocolate. She finds a small house full of bottles. She finds a blue bottle among the bottles. It is filled with chocolate. In the bottle is a card with the words “Change tears into chocolate.” on it. Camilla is very excited. She runs out of the house with the bottle to look for someone crying. First, she meets a little boy crying hard and collects his tears. The tears are quickly changed into chocolate. While Camilla is collecting the tears, she comforts the boy. Finally, The boy stops crying and they have a good time together. Later, Camilla meets a woman and an old man crying. The woman has broken some bowls. And the man’s dog just dies. Camilla collects their tears and make them happy again. Soon, Camilla knows that making people happy is much more important than finding chocolate. So she stops collecting tears and begins to help sad people. As a result, she has many friends and has a happy life. 1．What does Camilla look for at first (起初)? A．Cards. B．Tears. C．Bottles. D．Chocolate. 2．How many people does Camilla help before she stops collecting tears? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 3．Why does Camilla stop collecting tears? A．Because she gets a lot of chocolate from her parents. B．Because she collects enough tears from other people. C．Because she wants to make friends with more people. D．Because she knows making people happy is more important. 4．What do you think of Camilla according to the story? A．Clever but funny. B．Magic and smart. C．Kind and helpful. D．Special but excellent. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．C 【解析】本文主要讲述一个名为卡米拉的爱吃巧克力 的小女孩在把“眼泪化为巧克力”的过程中帮助他人，并最终变成了一个助人为乐的快乐小女孩的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Camilla leaves her house to look for some chocolate.”可知，她起初是寻找巧克力。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“First, she meets a little boy crying hard and collects his tears.”和“Later, Camilla meets a woman and an old man crying.”可知，她一共帮助了三个人。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Soon, Camilla knows that making people happy is much more important than finding chocolate. So she stops collecting tears and begins to help sad people.”可知，她停止搜集眼泪，因为她知道让别人开心更重要。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，卡米拉最初沉迷独食巧克力，在发现能将眼泪转化为巧克力的魔法瓶子后，先后帮助了哭泣的小男孩、打碎碗的妇女和失去爱犬的老人，由此推知，她是善良且乐于助人的。故选C。 9 The owl (猫头鹰) always sleeps during the day. There was a certain old owl who had become very hard to please as she grew older, especially if anything disturbed (妨碍) her sleep. One warm summer afternoon as she slept in an old tree, a grasshopper (蚱蜢) began a song. The song woke the old owl up and the old owl became very angry. “Get away from here, sir,” she said to the grasshopper. “Have you no manners? You should at least respect my age and leave me to sleep in quiet!” But the grasshopper said that he had as much right to his place in the sun as the owl had to her place in the old oak (橡树). Then he sang more loudly. The old owl knew quite well that it would do no good to argue with the grasshopper. What was more, her eyes were not good enough by day to let her kill the grasshopper. So she stopped all hard words and spoke very kindly to him. “Well sir,” she said, “if I must stay awake, I am going to enjoy your singing. Now that I think of it, I have a wonderful wine (葡萄酒) here. I hear Apollo drinks before he sings to the gods. Please come up and taste this delicious drink with me. I know it will make you sing like Apollo himself.” The stupid grasshopper believed in the owl’s words, so he jumped near the owl. As soon as he was near enough and the old owl could see him clearly, she caught him and ate him up. 1．What did the grasshopper do when the owl slept on a warm summer afternoon? A．He laughed at her. B．He ate her family. C．He sang a song. D．He visited her. 2．What does the underlined word “manners” mean in Chinese? A．广告 B．礼貌 C．辐射 D．缺点 3．Why did the owl speak kindly to the grasshopper later? ①Because arguing with him wasn’t helpful. ②Because the grasshopper had a knife. ③Because her eyes were not good enough by day. ④Because the grasshopper agreed not to disturb her. A．①③ B．②③ C．①④ D．②④ 4．How did the owl catch the grasshopper at last? A．By singing with him. B．By taking his knife away. C．By offering him a wonderful wine. D．By inviting him to sing with Apollo. 5．What is the best title for this passage? A．Good friends B．A smart owl C．A Grasshopper’s party D．A big tree 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 【解析】本文讲述了年迈的猫头鹰白天被蚱蜢的歌声吵醒，愤怒指责后意识到争吵无效，便假意赞美蚱蜢歌声，用葡萄酒诱骗其靠近并吃掉它的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“One warm summer afternoon as she slept in an old tree, a grasshopper (蚱蜢) began a song.”可知，蚱蜢在猫头鹰睡觉时唱起了歌。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“‘Have you no manners? You should at least respect my age and leave me to sleep in quiet!’”可猜知，猫头鹰指责蚱蜢不尊重长辈，没有礼貌，manner意为“礼貌”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The old owl knew quite well that it would do no good to argue with the grasshopper.”以及“What was more, her eyes were not good enough by day to let her kill the grasshopper.”可知，猫头鹰知道争吵无用，且她白天视力差无法捕杀蚱蜢。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“‘Now that I think of it, I have a wonderful wine (葡萄酒) here. I hear Apollo drinks before he sings to the gods. Please come up and taste this delicious drink with me. I know it will make you sing like Apollo himself.’”可知，猫头鹰假借分享葡萄酒诱使蚱蜢靠近后捕食。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。细读全文可知，全文讲述猫头鹰被蚱蜢打扰后，通过智取诱骗蚱蜢靠近并将其吃掉的故事，凸显了猫头鹰的聪明。故选B。 10 ①Teachers are often considered (认为) to be engineers of the human soul. They are expected to spread knowledge, ideas and truth. There’s one person in China who is called the “teacher of teachers”. He is Tao Xingzhi, a Chinese educator. ②Born in Anhui province, China, in 1891, Tao studied abroad for educational philosophy (心理学). When Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator, he did not blindly follow western education methods or theories. In fact, he changed the saying of “Education is life itself” to “Life is education”. Similarly, instead of “school as society (社会)”, he saw it as “society as school”. ③For Tao, education is an active experience in real-life instead of telling and being told. He supported “unity of teaching, learning, and reflective (反思的) acting”. ④Besides developing education methods, Tao also tried his best to improve mass education. After doing surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921, Tao was surprised to learn that in China more than 70% of the people in the city didn’t know how to read or write. ⑤To solve the problem, Tao organized young workers and farmers to study while working. To deal with the shortage of teachers and money, in 1927, Tao set up Xiaozhuang Normal College in Nanjing to train teachers and educators, most of whom became teachers at schools in the countryside. ⑥In January 1934, he started the “Little Teacher” movement in which young students were encouraged to serve as teachers to others, even to those older than themselves. Under Tao’s guidance, over 18,000 “little teachers” were invited in Shanghai within 10 months. It later included 28 provinces and cities as a key nationwide education movement. Even in the fight against the Japanese army, Tao never forgot his dream. He founded a middle school in Chongqing and offered free education to poor children. ⑦Maybe Tao’s motto is the best explanation for his life. “Giving a whole heart, yet taking nothing in return, not even a leaf of grass.” 1．What is the correct order of Tao Xingzhi’s life experiences? a. He did surveys in different places in China. b. He went to the US to study educational philosophy. c. He began to build colleges to train teachers and educators. d. He called on young students to be teachers to others in need. e. He returned to China and started his own career as an educator. A．a-c-b-d-e B．a-d-c-e-b C．b-e-a-c-d D．b-c-e-a-d 2．The underlined phrase “mass education” in Paragraph 4 may mean education for ________. A．young children B．ordinary people C．kids with great talent D．poor workers 3．According to the passage, which of the following ideas may Tao Xingzhi agree with? A．School is the best place to learn knowledge and values. B．Students should learn from the world outside their schools. C．Education is telling and being told between teachers and students. D．It is the most important to teach students practical skills in school. 4．The structure of the passage may be ________? A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Life is Education B．Little Teacher Movement C．How to be a Good Teacher D．An Engineer of Human Soul 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了教育家陶行知。 1．细节理解题。根据“Born in Anhui province, China, in 1891, Tao studied abroad for educational philosophy”可知，陶行知曾留学国外学习教育哲学；根据“When Tao returned to China in 1917 and began his own career as an educator”可知，他回到中国，开始了自己的教育事业；根据“After doing surveys in Beijing, Tianjin and Shanghai in 1921…”可知，他在中国不同的地方做了调查；根据“To deal with the shortage...train teachers and educators…”可知，他建立大学来培养教师和教育工作者；根据“he started the ‘Little Teacher’ movement...even to those older than themselves.”可知，他号召年轻学生成为有需要的人的老师，因此正确的顺序是b-e-a-c-d。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Tao was surprised to learn that in China more than 70% of the people in the city didn’t know how to read or write”可知，他发现在中国超过70%的城市居民不知道如何读书写字，因此“mass education”主要是为了普通人的。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“In fact, he changed the saying of ‘Education is life itself’ to ‘Life is education’. Similarly, instead of ‘school as society’, he saw it as ‘society as school’”可知，他把“教育即生活本身”的说法改为“生活即教育”。同样，他看到的不是“学校即社会”，而是“社会即学校”。因此可推知他同意学生应该向学校以外的世界学习。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。文章第①段引出教育家陶行知，总领全文；第②③段介绍其对教育方法的探索；第④⑤⑥段可知讲陶行知致力于大众教育；最后一段则总结全文，收尾。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。根据“Teachers are often considered to be engineers of the human soul.”并结合全文可知，本文以教育家陶行知为例，讲述了教师是人类灵魂的工程师，“An Engineer of Human Soul”可作为本文最佳标题。故选D。 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$