精品解析：湖南省长沙市天心区长沙市长郡中学2024-2025学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题

长郡中学2025年上学期高一期末考试 英语 时量：120分钟 满分:150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是答案C。 1. What will Henry do first? A. Plant trees. B. Build a path. C. Grow vegetables. 2. How will the speakers go to the cinema? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By underground. 3. What did Zoe try at the new coffee shop? A. Ice-creams. B. A cake. C. Biscuits. 4. Why is Sandy visiting her grandfather? A. To keep him company. B. To make a meal for him. C. To celebrate his birthday. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a book sale. B. In a bookstore. C. In a library. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why did the woman bring her car to the garage? A. It can’t start up. B. It needs a check. C. The brakes don’t work well. 7. How often does the man suggest the woman check her car? A. Every 5,000 km. B. Every 10,000 km. C. Every 15,000 km. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the weather like now? A. Hot and dry. B. Cold and wet. C. Hot and wet. 9. What is the man going to do next? A. Play basketball. B. Play computer games. C. Wash clothes. 听第8段材料，回答第10 至13题。 10. When did the man start hiking? A. In primary school. B. In middle school. C. In high school. 11. Where did the man grow up? A. In North Africa. B. In South America. C. In South Africa. 12. What kind of hiking does the man prefer? A. Short hikes. B. Long-distance hikes. C. Forest hikes. 13. What is the man worried about hikes? A. Severe weather. B. Great expense. C. Dangerous creatures. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至 17题。 14. What did the speakers do just now? A. They recorded the class. B. They practiced the dance moves. C. They participated in a dance contest. 15 How does the man describe his body movements? A. Loose. B. Graceful. C. Robotic. 16. In which part is the woman trapped? A. The transition part. B. The Drunk Fist part. C. The street dance part. 17. What does the woman suggest doing? A. Recording dance moves. B. Turning to the teacher. C. Watching the video. 听第10段材料，回答第18 至 20题。 18. What kind of job is universally popular among British children? A. Doctor. B. Engineer. C. Football player. 19. What percentage of British children want the same job as their parents? A.14%. B.34%. C.66%. 20. What did the U. S. study find? A. Few changed their dream jobs. B. Many forgot their childhood dreams. C. Half failed to achieve their childhood dreams. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Swiss Bike Adventures: Rent and Ride Welcome to Switzerland, a country filled with tall mountains, clear lakes, and cozy villages. Ski p the busy cars and buses — explore Switzerland on a bike! Why Choose SummitBikes? SummitBikes has been a top choice for bike rentals in Switzerland for over 12 years.With 15 rental spots across the country — from the heart of Zurich to the foot of famous mountains — you’ ll never be far from an adventure. Our team stand ready 24/7, whether you need assistance about bike models, rental prices, or need guidance during your ride. Our bikes come in different types: easy-to-ride regular bikes, strong mountain bikes for rough trails, and two-person tandem bikes for friends or families. Every bike gets a careful check before you rent it. Our staff, who speak English, German, and French, are happy to suggest the best biking routes for your skill level. Pricing Bike Type Half-day(4 hrs) Full-day(24 hrs) Extra Day Regular Bike CHF 25 CHF40 CHF 30 Mountain Bike CHF32 CHF 50 CHF 38 Tandem Bike(2-person) CHF 40 CHF 65 CHF 50 Guided Bike Tours Join our 6-hour fun-filled tours. Tours leave every morning at 9:00 from our GenevaLakefront Shop. Cycle through Switzerland’s most amazing places, and visit small, old villages. You’ ll stop to taste delicious homemade Swiss cheese, see old castles, and take great photos from high mountain roads. Book your spot online or at any SummitBikes store for free! 1. What do we know about SummitBikes? A. It has 15 rental spots in Zurich. B. It offers 24-hour help. C. It has 4 kinds of well-checked bikes. D. Its staff can speak Chinese. 2. How much should you pay for renting a tandem bike for a day and a half? A. CHF65. B. CHF80. C. CHF 105. D. CHF115. 3. Where do the guided bike tours start? A. Geneva Lakefront Shop. B. Lucerne Old Town. C. The foot of Matterhorn. D. Zurich City Center. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了瑞士的SummitBikes自行车租赁服务，包括其优势、车型价格，还介绍了有导游带领的自行车旅行相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Why Choose SummitBikes?”部分中的“Our team stand ready 24/7, whether you need assistance about bike models, rental prices, or need guidance during your ride. (我们的团队一周7天，一天24小时随时待命，无论你是需要关于自行车型号、租赁价格的帮助，还是在骑行过程中需要指导)”可知，SummitBikes提供24小时帮助。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Pricing”部分中关于双人自行车（Tandem Bike(2 - person)）的价格信息，全天（24小时）租金是CHF 65，额外一天租金是CHF 50 ，半天租金为全天租金的一半即CHF 32.5（约CHF 32）。租一天半，价格应为CHF 65 + CHF 40 = CHF 105。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Guided Bike Tours”部分中的“Tours leave every morning at 9:00 from our Geneva Lakefront Shop. (旅行每天上午9点从我们的日内瓦湖畔商店出发。)”可知，有导游带领的自行车旅行从日内瓦湖畔商店出发。故选A项。 B From a young age, Alex was fascinated by the symphony of sounds around him. The gentle sound of wind, the quiet whisper of rain, and the soft flowing of a stream. This early fascination drove him to choose acoustics (声学) as his major in university, where he studied in-depth into the science of sound. During his outdoor work, Alex was faced with the severe reality of noise pollution from cars and urban construction. Traditional noise-reduction methods, like thick insulation (隔离) and simple barriers, seemed ineffective against this difficult and ever-present problem. Driven by a desire for change, Alex was determined to develop a creative solution. In his lab, Alex did lots of experiments. He carefully examined the loudness and types of different urban noises. With the help of good equipment, he tested many sound patterns. After many attempts, he discovered a way to break up the noisy sounds. Alex then designed a network of smart speakers. These devices were equipped with highly sensitive microphones that could detect the slightest noise variations. The speakers were programmed to produce counter-sound waves. When these counter-sound waves met the original noise waves, they co-related in a way that canceled out the noise. The carrying out of Alex’s system faced several challenges, such as tech issues and setting-up problems, but Alex and his team persevered. Their efforts paid off when they set up the system on a particularly busy downtown street. The transformation was remarkable — the once-deafening noise was reduced by 70%. Encouraged by this success, the system was soon rolled out across other noisy areas of the city. Alex named his creation “Acoustic Harmony”, a proof of his vision of a more peaceful urban environment. 4. What inspired Alex to study acoustics? A His fascination in symphony. B. His love for the sounds of nature. C. His passion for the science of sound. D. His worry about the noise pollution. 5. What problem did traditional noise-reduction methods have? A. They were too expensive to use. B. They were difficult to set up outdoors. C. They caused new environmental problems. D. They couldn’t solve the problem effectively. 6. What does the underlined word “counter-sound” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Sounds that fight against noise. B. Sounds that copy noise. C. Sounds that make noise louder. D. Sounds that record noise. 7. What is the author’s attitude towards Alex’s “Acoustic Harmony” invention? A. Doubtful. B. Uninterested. C. Admiring. D. Critical. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了亚历克斯受自然声音启发，发明“声学和谐”系统对抗噪音污染的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“From a young age, Alex was fascinated by the symphony of sounds around him. The gentle sound of wind, the quiet whisper of rain, and the soft flowing of a stream. This early fascination drove him to choose acoustics (声学) as his major in university, where he studied in-depth into the science of sound.(从很小的时候起，亚历克斯就被周围声音的交响乐所吸引。轻柔的风声，细细的雨声，潺潺的溪水。这种早期的迷恋驱使他在大学里选择了声学作为他的专业，在那里他深入研究了声音的科学。)”可知，是亚历克斯对自然声音的热爱促使他学习声学。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Traditional noise-reduction methods, like thick insulation (隔离) and simple barriers, seemed ineffective against this difficult and ever-present problem.(传统的降噪方法，如厚隔音层和简单的屏障，似乎对这个棘手且普遍存在的问题无效)”可知，传统降噪方法的问题在于它们不能有效地解决问题。故选D。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The speakers were programmed to produce counter-sound waves. When these counter-sound waves met the original noise waves, they co-related in a way that canceled out the noise.(扬声器被编程以产生counter-sound波。当这些counter-sound波与原始噪声波相遇时，它们以一种抵消噪声的方式相互关联)”可知，counter-sound波与原始噪声波相遇时能抵消噪声，说明counter-sound波是与噪声对抗的声音。故画线词意思是“Sounds that fight against noise.(与噪声对抗的声音)”。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The transformation was remarkable — the once-deafening noise was reduced by 70%. Encouraged by this success, the system was soon rolled out across other noisy areas of the city. Alex named his creation ‘Acoustic Harmony’, a proof of his vision of a more peaceful urban environment.(这一转变非常显著——曾经震耳欲聋的噪音降低了70%。受这一成功的鼓舞，该系统很快在该市其他嘈杂地区推广开来。亚历克斯将他的发明命名为“声学和谐”，这是他对更和平的城市环境愿景的证明)”可推知，作者对亚历克斯的“声学和谐”发明持赞赏态度。故选C。 C A category of bats, called fruit bats, like fruit that is rich in sugar. Wei Gordon, a biologist at Menlo College, wonders whether these fruit bats might hold information on treating diabetes (糖尿病) in people, because when fruit bats eat lots of fruit, it raises their blood sugar, but within half an hour, the bats can pretty much bring their sugar levels back to where they started. These bats control sugar like it was nothing, which isn’t the case for humans, who have to be careful about how much sugar they consume to avoid diseases like diabetes. Gordon wants to know how these bats control their sugar without health problems. She thinks the answer may lie, at least in part, in all the flying the bats do. “When you exercise,” says Gordon, “you use more energy.” So maybe these bats don’t take in all the sugar to store it away in their bodies. Rather, they keep it flowing in their bloodstream to power their flight to their next fruit meal. In that way, energy is always available. To further study how fruit bats manage their sugar, Gordon set out to compare the cells and genes of fruit bats with those of the bats that eat insects. “And what was really exciting is that in fruit bats,” she says, “we did see a lot more cells that are responsible for maintaining their blood sugar.” Plus, the fruit bats had genetic differences that seemed to allow them to act quickly to control the blood sugar flowing through their bloodstream. Over the last two decades, a combination of factors, including a decrease in exercise and changes in our diets, have caused diabetes to increase worldwide. “Maybe the study on fruit bats can teach us some things about how to be healthier in our lives,” explains Gordon, “including — perhaps — how to treat or even prevent the development of obesity and diabetes. There’s a lot that we can learn from how they’ve come to survive on the sugary diet.” 8. What made Wei Gordon interested in studying fruit bats? A. Their preference for long flight. B. Their consumption of rare fruit. C. Their ability to manage blood sugar. D. Their avoidance of deadly diseases. 9. What is indicated about fruit bats’ energy strategy according to Gordon? A. They form a varied diet. B. They leave a long eating gap. C. They store most of their sugar intake. D. They balance intake with consumption. 10. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Comparison of different bat diets. B. Biologic advantages of fruit bats. C. Cells’ function in sugar storage. D. Genetic diversity of fruit bats. 11. What can be inferred about fruit bats from the last paragraph? A. They offer important health insights. B. They are healthier than expected. C. They pose a threat to food safety. D. They are fond of human diets. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述生物学家Wei Gordon对果蝠产生兴趣，因其具备快速调节血糖的能力。Gordon通过研究果蝠与食虫蝙蝠的细胞和基因差异，探索果蝠管理血糖的方式，期望能从果蝠身上获取对人类治疗和预防糖尿病等疾病的启示。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“because when fruit bats eat lots of fruit, it raises their blood sugar, but within half an hour, the bats can pretty much bring their sugar levels back to where they started. These bats control sugar like it was nothing, which isn’t the case for humans, who have to be careful about how much sugar they consume to avoid diseases like diabetes. (因为当果蝠吃大量水果时，会使它们的血糖升高，但在半小时内，果蝠几乎能使血糖水平恢复到初始状态。这些果蝠控制血糖轻而易举，而人类却并非如此，人类必须谨慎控制糖分摄入以避免患糖尿病等疾病。)”可知，果蝠管理血糖的能力使Wei Gordon对研究它们产生兴趣。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“So maybe these bats don’t take in all the sugar to store it away in their bodies. Rather, they keep it flowing in their bloodstream to power their flight to their next fruit meal. In that way, energy is always available. (所以也许这些果蝠不会把所有摄入的糖都储存起来。相反，它们让糖在血液中流动，为它们飞到下一个进食水果的地方提供能量。这样，能量就始终可得。)”可知，果蝠在摄入糖分和消耗糖分之间维持平衡。故选D项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“And what was really exciting is that in fruit bats,” she says, “we did see a lot more cells that are responsible for maintaining their blood sugar.” Plus, the fruit bats had genetic differences that seemed to allow them to act quickly to control the blood sugar flowing through their bloodstream. (“真正令人兴奋的是，在果蝠身上”她说，“我们确实看到了更多负责维持血糖的细胞。”此外，果蝠的基因差异似乎使它们能够迅速采取行动来控制血液中流动的血糖。)”可知，该段主要介绍了果蝠在生物学方面的优势，即更多维持血糖的细胞和利于控制血糖的基因差异。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Maybe the study on fruit bats can teach us some things about how to be healthier in our lives,” explains Gordon,“including — perhaps — how to treat or even prevent the development of obesity and diabetes.There’s a lot that we can learn from how they’ve come to survive on the sugary diet.” (“也许对果蝠的研究可以教会我们一些如何在生活中更健康的方法” Gordon解释说，“包括——也许——如何治疗甚至预防肥胖症和糖尿病的发展。我们可以从它们如何依靠高糖饮食生存中学到很多东西。”)”可知，果蝠为人类健康提供了重要的见解。故选A项。 D The idea that the standard human body temperature is about 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health — a tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator of whether someone is sick or well. However, it turns out that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, correct — or, to put it more accurately, human beings have been getting cooler over the years. Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm(MD). Therefore, a Stanford team, led by ProfessorJulie Parsonnet, decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends and, perhaps, uncover the reason why this cooling is happening. For their research, the Stanford team looked at three distinct datasets from two historical periods. After going through 677,423 temperature measurements, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.6℃ lower than that of those born in the late 19th century, while women born in the same period showed an average decrease of 0.03℃ compared to those born in the 1890s. As to why this is happening, the researchers say that the most likely mechanism is a reduction in the human metabolic rate (代谢率) due to environmental factors. One possibility is that improvements in public health over 200 years have reduced the incidence of inflammations (炎症), which promote metabolism. This, combined with people living more comfortable lives in more stable environments, means that the body doesn’t have to work as hard to stay warm, so the average temperature falls. “The environment that we’re living in has changed. Although we think of human beings as if we have been the same for all of human evolution, we’re not the same. We’re actually changing physiologically,” Parsonnet said. 12. What’s Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich’s achievement? A. He set up standards for human health services. B. He first used body temperature as a health signal. C. He predicted trends in humans’ body temperature. D. He proposed the standard of human body temperature. 13. What do the Stanford team’s temperature measurements show? A. Women have a lower body temperature than men. B. Humans’ body temperature has dropped at a faster rate. C. Men’s body temperature has fallen faster than that of women. D. Environmental temperatures have risen since the late 19th century. 14. Which of the following is thought to cause the decrease in human body temperature? A. The dependence on tools. B. The adaption to climate change. C. The contact with other creatures. D. The improved living conditions. 15. What could be the best title for the text? A. Human body temperature has been dropping B. The standard body temperature for humans C. Metabolism increases body temperature D. Gender difference in body temperature 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人体体温的变化情况。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的“The idea that the standard human body temperature is about 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health — a tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator of whether someone is sick or well.(1851年，德国医生卡尔·莱因霍尔德·奥古斯特·温德里奇首次提出了人体标准体温约为37℃的观点。从那时起，它被广泛接受，成为健康的试金石——医生和父母使用的工具，作为一个人是否生病或健康的基本指标。)”可知，Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich的贡献是他提出了人体体温的标准。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的“After going through 677,423 temperature measurements, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.6℃ lower than that of those born in the late 19th century, while women born in the same period showed an average decrease of 0.03℃ compared to those born in the 1890s. (在进行了677,423次体温测量后，研究小组发现，21世纪出生的男性的平均体温比19世纪末出生的人低0.6℃，而同一时期出生的女性的平均体温比19世纪90年代出生的人低0.03℃。)”可推知，斯坦福研究团队的数据显示在相同的历史时期内，男性体温下降的速度比女性快。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的“This, combined with people living more comfortable lives in more stable environments, means that the body doesn’t have to work as hard to stay warm, so the average temperature falls. (再加上人们在更稳定的环境中过着更舒适的生活，这意味着身体不需要像以前那样努力工作来保暖，所以平均温度下降了。)”可知，生活条件的改善使人类的标准体温降低。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章开篇即点明“human beings have been getting cooler over the years (这些年来，人类变得越来越冷了)”，后续内容围绕这一现象的研究展开，故最佳标题为“人体体温一直在下降”，故选A。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you looking for a way to go through life just a little happier? The path to happiness lies in finding your core values and reflecting those core values in everything you do. Live authentically and presently in the moment and you’ll find the happiness you seek. _____16_____ Identify your core values Boost your overall happiness by acting in accordance with your values. _____17_____ Not material possessions, but the people, circumstances, and feelings that make you feel like your life has meaning. These are the things you want to order your life around. As long as the things you do and the decisions you make follow along with those core values, you’ ll feel at peace. Develop a growth mindset Shift your mindset to become more resilient (有适应力的). Life’s challenges might get you down, but with a growth mindset they won’t take you out. _____18_____ You don’t see failure as a threat, but as an opportunity to grow, and you embrace mistakes as learning opportunities. Celebrate your achievements _____19_____ When you achieve something you set out to do, it feels really good. Why not celebrate that? It can be easy to get embarrassed or self-conscious, especially if it was a relatively small accomplishment. But the truth is, it doesn’t matter — big or small, you did it! Start a gratefulness list Acknowledging your gratitude increases your happiness. If you’ve never simply sat for a minute to reflect on the things in your life that you’re grateful for, take a moment to do it now and pay attention to how it makes you feel. Start a list with 5 things you feel grateful for, then add another 5 things to your list each day. ___20___ A. Enjoy the glory of your accomplishment. B. Think about what’s most important to you. C. Let’s learn more about how you can live a joyful and happy life. D. Often it’s the little things that have the most huge impact on your life. E. That’s because you know you can adapt and change as circumstances require. F. For example, you might determine your loyalty to your friends is your core values. G. Over time, you’ ll find yourself overflowing with gratitude for the world around you. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. E 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕提升幸福感，从明确核心价值观、培养成长型思维等五方面给出建议。 【16题详解】 由上文“Live authentically and presently in the moment and you’ll find the happiness you seek.(真实地、活在当下，你就会找到你寻求的幸福。)”可知，上文提出幸福的核心在于“真实生活与活在当下”，空格处需衔接下文具体方法，而C项Let’s learn more about how you can live a joyful and happy life.(让我们进一步了解如何才能过上快乐幸福的生活。)以祈使句引出下文建议，起到过渡作用，符合语境。故选C项。 【17题详解】 由上文“Boost your overall happiness by acting in accordance with your values.(通过按照你的价值观行事来提升整体幸福感。)”可知，上文强调“按价值观行动”，空格处需具体说明“价值观”的内涵，而B项Think about what’s most important to you.(思考什么对你最重要。) 呼应下文“Not material possessions, but the people, circumstances, and feelings that make you feel like your life has meaning. (不是物质财富，而是让你觉得生活有意义的人、环境和感受。)”，引导读者思考核心价值的具体内容，承上启下。故选B项。 18题详解】 由上文“Life’s challenges might get you down, but with a growth mindset they won’t take you out.(生活的挑战可能会让你沮丧，但拥有成长型思维，它们不会击垮你。)”可知，上文解释成长型思维的抗挫作用，空格处需说明原因，而E项That’s because you know you can adapt and change as circumstances require.(那是因为你知道自己可以根据情况需要适应和改变。) 以because解释前文逻辑，其中“adapt and change”对应“resilient(有适应力的)”，符合语境。故选E项。 【19题详解】 由段落标题“Celebrate your achievements (庆祝你的成就)”可知，本段围绕“庆祝成就”展开，空格处需呼应主题，而A项Enjoy the glory of your accomplishment.(享受你成就的荣耀。) 中“Enjoy the glory”与“Celebrate”同义替换，且下文“Why not celebrate that?(为什么不庆祝呢？)” 进一步论证该观点，形成呼应。故选A项。 【20题详解】 由上文“Start a list with 5 things you feel grateful for, then add another 5 things to your list each day.(列一个包含5件你感恩之事的清单，然后每天再添加5件。)”可知，上文介绍写感恩清单的方法，空格处需说明长期坚持的效果，而G项Over time, you’ll find yourself overflowing with gratitude for the world around you.(随着时间的推移，你会发现自己对周围的世界充满感激。)中“Over time”对应“each day”，“overflowing with gratitude”体现积累的结果，符合语境。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On May 20, a thrilling cross-country race happened at Green Valley. Jake Wilson should have ____21____ through the last part much faster, going up the rough path’s last steep hill. Everything was going well until he ____22____ a runner lying on the muddy road, with a bloody knee from falling. Wilson was halfway through his part when he saw Ethan Carter falling ____23____ , grabbing his ankle. Without ____24____ , Wilson slid to a stop and rushed back to Carter’s side. He tried to help Carter ____25____ to his feet, but Carter was unable to put weight on his injured leg. Realizing the ____26____ of the situation, Wilson made a quick ____27____. He crouched (蹲下) down and signaled for Carter to climb onto his back. With Carter securely seated, Wilson started running again, a determined look on his face. He carried Carter all the way to the finish line, ____28____ the burning in his muscles. Once they crossed the line, medical staff ____29____ Carter immediately. It was later revealed that Carter had hurt his ankle badly. He would have faced ____30____ difficulty trying to reach the medical tent on his own. For Wilson, he was a little bit ____31____ by the too much praise he received. “I didn’t think twice,” Wilson told a school reporter. “I couldn’t ____32____ him there.” His selfless act ____33____ the entire school, turning what could have been a disappointing moment into an unforgettable display of ____34____. Though he didn’t win the race that day, Wilson and Carter’s story became the talk of the school. The ____35____ of sportsmanship shone brighter than any medal. 21. A. rushed B. planned C. started D. skipped 22. A. missed B. judged C. faced D. heard 23. A. slowly B. hard C. far D. fast 24. A. hesitation B. permission C. doubt D. certainty 25. A. jump B. climb C. rise D. swing 26. A. ability B. urgency C. normality D. possibility 27. A. decision B. speech C. report D. comment 28. A. noticing B. ignoring C. fearing D. accepting 29. A. examined B. questioned C. comforted D. blamed 30. A. slight B. temporary C. extreme D. average 31. A. annoyed B. amused C. embarrassed D. frightened 32. A. save B. forget C. serve D. abandon 33. A. troubled B. challenged C. puzzled D. inspired 34. A. courage B. kindness C. pride D. humor 35. A. concept B. dream C. history D. power 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在一场越野赛中，Jake Wilson 在比赛途中帮助受伤的 Ethan Carter 的感人故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰克·威尔逊本应该更快地冲过最后一段赛程，爬上崎岖道路上最后那座陡峭的小山。A. rushed冲；B. planned计划；C. started开始；D. skipped跳过。根据下文“through the last part much faster”可知，此处指快速冲过最后一段赛程，rush through“快速通过”。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一切都很顺利，直到他看到一名赛跑者躺在泥泞的路上，摔倒导致膝盖流血。A. missed错过；B. judged判断；C. faced面对，看到；D. heard听到。根据下文“a runner lying on the muddy road”可知，威尔逊看到一名赛跑者躺在路上。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊赛程进行到一半时，看到伊桑·卡特重重摔倒，抓着自己的脚踝。A. slowly缓慢地；B. hard严重地，猛烈地；C. far远地；D. fast快速地。根据下文“grabbing his ankle”以及下文“his injured leg.”可知，卡特摔得很重。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔逊毫不犹豫地滑步停下，冲回到卡特身边。A. hesitation犹豫；B. permission允许；C. doubt怀疑；D. certainty确定。根据下文“rushed back to Carter’s side”可知，威尔逊毫不犹豫就返回去帮助卡特。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他试图帮助卡特站起来，但卡特受伤的腿无法承重。A. jump跳；B. climb爬；C. rise起身，站起来；D. swing摇摆。根据下文“to his feet”以及“but Carter was unable to put weight on his injured leg.”可知，威尔逊想帮卡特站起来。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：意识到情况的紧急，威尔逊迅速做了一个决定。A. ability能力；B. urgency紧急；C. normality正常；D. possibility可能性。根据上文“but Carter was unable to put weight on his injured leg.”可知，卡特受伤无法站立，所以情况紧急。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：意识到情况的紧急，威尔逊迅速做了一个决定。A. decision决定；B. speech演讲；C. report报告；D. comment评论。根据下文“He crouched (蹲下) down and signaled for Carter to climb onto his back.”可知，威尔逊迅速做了背卡特的决定。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他背着卡特一路跑到终点线，无视肌肉的灼烧感。A. noticing注意到；B. ignoring忽视；C. fearing害怕；D. accepting接受。根据上文“Wilson started running again, a determined look on his face. He carried Carter all the way to the finish line”可知，威尔逊无视肌肉的疼痛，背着卡特跑到终点。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们一跨过终点线，医护人员立刻对卡特进行检查。A. examined检查；B. questioned询问；C. comforted安慰；D. blamed责备。根据上文卡特受伤，可知医护人员对他进行检查。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他要是自己设法到达医疗帐篷的话，会面临极大的困难。A. slight轻微的；B. temporary临时的；C. extreme极大的；D. average平均的。根据上文“Carter was unable to put weight on his injured leg.”可知，卡特独自去医疗帐篷会面临极大困难。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于威尔逊来说，他收到太多赞扬，有点不好意思。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. amused觉得好笑的；C. embarrassed尴尬的，不好意思的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文“by the too much praise he received”可知，面对太多赞扬，威尔逊有点不好意思。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我没有多想，”威尔逊告诉学校记者。“我不能把他丢在那里。”A. save拯救；B. forget忘记；C. serve服务；D. abandon抛弃。根据上文“He carried Carter all the way to the finish line”可知，威尔逊帮助卡特可知，他不会把卡特丢在那里。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的无私行为激励了整个学校，将原本可能令人失望的时刻变成了一次令人难忘的善良展示。A. troubled使烦恼；B. challenged挑战；C. puzzled使困惑；D. inspired激励。根据下文“turning what could have been a disappointing moment into an unforgettable display of ...”可知，威尔逊的行为激励了全校。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的无私行为激励了整个学校，将原本可能令人失望的时刻变成了一次令人难忘的善良展示。A. courage勇气；B. kindness善良；C. pride骄傲；D. humor幽默。根据上文“Wilson slid to a stop and rushed back to Carter’s side”威尔逊帮助卡特，所以这是善良的展示。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：体育精神的力量比任何奖牌都闪耀。A. concept概念；B. dream梦想；C. history历史；D. power力量。根据上文威尔逊和卡特的故事以及“shone brighter than any medal”可知，此处指体育精神的力量。故选D项。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In China’s Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, cheese was only served in the Court as a classical cuisine. Unlike the solid form of cheese in Western countries, the Old Beijing Cheese is more like a thick liquid ____36____ (make) of milk and fermented (发酵的) rice wine. The traditional process of making Old Beijing Cheese begins by ____37____ (mix) fresh milk with an appropriate amount of fermented rice wine. The mixture, first heated in a wooden container, then gradually cools in an ice hole. ____38____ the addition of rice may have seemed somewhat rough, it contributes a soft flavor to the final product, making it quite appealing when ____39____ (consume). However, we no longer use rice wine liquid today as too much low-temperature fermentation liquid can ____40____ (negative) impact the proper coagulation (凝固) of milk. In ancient times, ____41____ method of making Old Beijing Cheese was a secret, which meant that even high officials and the ____42____ (wealth) could hardly have a chance to taste it, and the cheese ____43____ (consider) a representative of social status. ____44____ time going by, theOld Beijing Cheese has already become a common snack that enjoys great ____45____ (popular) among the public, and people can make it at home easily. 【答案】36. made 37. mixing 38. Although##Though##While 39. consumed 40. negatively 41 the 42. wealthy 43. was considered 44. With 45. popularity 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了老北京奶酪的历史、制作方法及其在社会中的地位变化。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与西方国家的固态奶酪不同，老北京奶酪更像是一种由牛奶和发酵米酒制成的浓稠液体。空处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词liquid，liquid和make为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填made。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：制作老北京奶酪的传统工艺始于将新鲜牛奶与适量的发酵米酒混合。空处为介词by后接动名词作宾语。故填mixing。 【38题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：虽然加入米酒的做法可能看起来有些粗糙，但它为最终产品增添了一种柔和的风味，使其在食用时相当吸引人。空处引导状语从句，主从句之间为让步关系，连词although/though/while引导让步状语从句，满足句意要求，单词位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Although/Though/While。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。when引导状语从句，主语与主句主语一致，动词consume和其主语it (指代the final product) 之间存在动宾关系，故用动词过去分词形式表被动，在此处和when构成省略了主语和be动词的状语从句，其完整表述为“when it is consumed”。故填consumed。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，我们今天不再使用米酒液体，因为过多的低温发酵液会对牛奶的正常凝固产生负面影响。修饰动词impact，用副词negatively作状语。故填negatively。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在古代，制作老北京奶酪的方法是一个秘密，这意味着即使是高官和富人也很难有机会品尝到它，奶酪被认为是社会地位的象征。空处为特指制作老北京奶酪的方法，需用定冠词the。故填the。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意同上。空处为“the+形容词”的结构，表示“一类人”。the wealthy意为“富人们”。故填wealthy。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意同上。空处为谓语动词，主语the cheese和consider为被动关系，结合句意以及上文meant可知，此处应为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填was considered。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，老北京奶酪已经成为一种深受大众喜爱的常见小吃，人们可以很容易地在家制作。空处为with的复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，所以应填介词with，单词位于句首，首字母需大写。故填With。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，老北京奶酪已经成为一种深受大众喜爱的常见小吃，人们可以很容易地在家制作。空处作enjoy的宾语，应填名词popularity“受欢迎，流行”。故填popularity。 第三节 课文默写(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 46. The experiment allowed students to ________ what it was like to live in outer space.(根据句意填空) 【答案】get a taste of 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这个实验让学生们感受到了在外太空生活的滋味。短语get a taste of，译为“亲身感受，体验”，符合句意，结合短语allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人干某事”，可知在不定式符号to后，用动词原形，故填get a taste of。 47. Sometimes the smell alone can _________, not to mention the lovely creamy flavour. (根据句意填空) 【答案】do the trick 【解析】 【详解】考查短语用法。句意：有时，仅凭气味就能达到效果，更不用说那美妙的奶油味了。根据句意“达到效果”可知，此处为动词短语do the trick，符合语境，且情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填do the trick。 48. I take my time over every spoonful, _________ rolling the silky dessert around my mouth and enjoying the perfect marriage of rice and milk. (根据句意填空) 【答案】gently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：我慢慢地享用每一勺，轻轻地将丝滑的甜点在口中滚动，享受着米饭和牛奶的完美融合。表示“轻轻地”，用副词gently，修饰动词rolling，作状语。故填gently。 49. The crowd immediately recognized that they were listening to something truly special, and they broke into ________ cheers at the end of the symphony. (根据句意填空) 【答案】enthusiastic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：人群立刻意识到他们正在聆听真正特别的东西，于是在交响乐结束时爆发出热烈的欢呼声。此处表示“热烈的”欢呼声，应用形容词enthusiastic“热情的，热烈的”，修饰名词cheers，作前置定语。故填enthusiastic。 50. Before him he saw a sea of people all ________ their hats and handkerchiefs to express their appreciation of his masterwork. (根据句意填空) 【答案】standing, clapping, and waving 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：在他面前，他看到一片人海，所有人都站着，鼓掌，挥舞着帽子和手帕，以此来表达对他的杰作的赞赏之情。根据句意“站着，鼓掌，挥舞”可知用动词stand，clap和wave，且与people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填standing, clapping, and waving。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 51. 假定你是李华，你校将与英国友好学校共同举办“中英音乐嘉年华（Sino-British MusicCarnival）”线上活动，现面向学生征集主题曲。请给活动组委会写一封推荐信，内容包括： 1. 推荐歌曲； 2. 推荐理由（至少两条）。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Organizing Committee, I’m Li Hua. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Organizing Committee, I’m Li Hua. Extremely delighted about the upcoming Sino-British Music Carnival, an online event aiming to blend our musical cultures, I’m eager to recommend a theme song. (要点1:写作目的) My recommendation is Jasmine Flower, a classic Chinese folk melody. (要点2:推荐歌曲) Its gentle and soothing rhythm represents the elegance of traditional Chinese music. Additionally, having been adapted by numerous Western composers like Puccini, it has already become a cultural bridge between the East and the West. This timeless piece perfectly captures the spirit of cultural exchange and harmony. Moreover, its catchy tune allows for easy cross-cultural appreciation, making it perfect for our event. (要点3:推荐理由至少2条) I sincerely hope my recommendation is considered. May the carnival be a huge success in promoting musical exchanges! (要点4:期待采纳+表达祝愿) Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给本校与英国友好学校共同举办“中英音乐嘉年华(Sino-British MusicCarnival)”线上活动的组委会写一封推荐信，包括推荐的歌曲和理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：delighted → glad 此外：additionally → what’s more 很多的：numerous → a lot of 真诚地：sincerely → genuinely 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Moreover, its catchy tune allows for easy cross-cultural appreciation, making it perfect for our event. 拓展句：Moreover, its catchy tune allows for easy cross-cultural appreciation, which makes it perfect for our event. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Extremely delighted about the upcoming Sino-British Music Carnival, an online event aiming to blend our musical cultures, I’m eager to recommend a theme song.（运用现在分词作后置定语修饰名词event） 【高分句型2】I sincerely hope my recommendation is considered.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 第二节 (满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One day, my brother and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others. All at once, the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm. A huge wave covered our boat and we nearly fell into the sea. My brother put his mouth close to my ear and cried out “Moskoe-strom!” The moment I heard the word I became very frightened. I knew what he meant by that one word well enough. With the wind and waves, we were going in the direction of the whirlpool (漩涡). We were hopeless. Nothing could save us. I felt sick, as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream. We went round and round, nearer and nearer to the horrible edge of the whirlpool. It may appear strange, but at that moment, when we were on the edge of the whirlpool, I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it. I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way, and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature. Suddenly, we went over the edge. I thought my life was over. But moment after moment passed, and I was still safe. The boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool and we were going round in circles at great speed. I saw clearly that there were other objects in the whirlpool—trees and barrels (水桶). After a while, I became curious about the whirlpool itself. I then made three important observations. The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell; the second, between two objects of equal extent, round objects fell down less rapidly; and the third, between two objects of the same size, objects shaped like a tube fell down more slowly. So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float. I tried to make my brother understand, but he was too frightened and stayed in the boat. Without waiting, I jumped into the sea to try and escape. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Some time after I left the boat, I saw my brother struggling in the sea. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Soon after that, the whirlpool became less wild and then the sky was clear. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Some time after I left the boat, I saw my brother struggling in the sea. I tried my best to approach to him but I failed again and again. I waved and called him to tie himself to another barrel to help him float. I struggled to run away from the whirlpool and prayed the storm could stop as soon as possible. Soon after that, the whirlpool became less wild and then the sky was clear. The wind became calmer, and the moon was shining. I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were. Fortunately, a boat picked me up when I was tired out. The fishermen were very old friends, but they were unable to recognize me at first because I was in a so difficult position. To my great excitement, minutes later, another boat arrived with my brother in it. How lucky we were! 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和弟弟从我们经常冒险去的岛屿回来，遇到了可怕的暴风雨，离漩涡越来越近了，作者清楚地看到漩涡里还有别的东西，作者做了三个重要的观察。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我下船后不久，看见弟弟在海里挣扎。”可知，第一段可描写作者试图救弟弟。 ②由第二段首句内容“不久之后，漩涡变得不那么猛烈了，天空也变得晴朗了。”可知，第二段可描写作者和弟弟都获救。 2.续写线索：想办法救弟弟——风停——得救 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①尽力做：try one's best to do/struggle to do ②救起：pick up/pluck ③到达：arrive/reach 情绪类 ①非常疲倦：be tired out/be exhausted ②兴奋：excitement/thrill 【点睛】[高分句型1]I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were.(由关系副词where引导的定语从句) [高分句型2]Fortunately, a boat picked me up when I was tired out.(由when引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 长郡中学2025年上学期高一期末考试 英语 时量：120分钟 满分:150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是答案C。 1. What will Henry do first? A. Plant trees. B. Build a path. C. Grow vegetables. 2. How will the speakers go to the cinema? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By underground. 3. What did Zoe try at the new coffee shop? A. Ice-creams. B. A cake. C. Biscuits. 4. Why is Sandy visiting her grandfather? A. To keep him company. B. To make a meal for him. C. To celebrate his birthday. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a book sale. B. In a bookstore. C. In a library. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why did the woman bring her car to the garage? A. It can’t start up. B. It needs a check. C. The brakes don’t work well. 7. How often does the man suggest the woman check her car? A. Every 5,000 km. B. Every 10,000 km. C. Every 15,000 km. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the weather like now? A. Hot and dry. B. Cold and wet. C. Hot and wet. 9. What is the man going to do next? A. Play basketball. B. Play computer games. C. Wash clothes. 听第8段材料，回答第10 至13题。 10. When did the man start hiking? A. In primary school. B. In middle school. C. In high school. 11. Where did the man grow up? A. In North Africa. B. In South America. C. In South Africa. 12. What kind of hiking does the man prefer? A. Short hikes. B. Long-distance hikes. C. Forest hikes. 13. What is the man worried about hikes? A. Severe weather. B. Great expense. C. Dangerous creatures. 听第9段材料，回答第14 至 17题。 14. What did the speakers do just now? A. They recorded the class. B. They practiced the dance moves. C. They participated in a dance contest. 15. How does the man describe his body movements? A. Loose. B. Graceful. C. Robotic. 16. In which part is the woman trapped? A. The transition part. B. The Drunk Fist part. C. The street dance part. 17. What does the woman suggest doing? A. Recording dance moves. B. Turning to the teacher. C. Watching the video. 听第10段材料，回答第18 至 20题。 18. What kind of job is universally popular among British children? A. Doctor. B. Engineer. C. Football player. 19. What percentage of British children want the same job as their parents? A.14%. B.34%. C.66%. 20. What did the U. S. study find? A. Few changed their dream jobs. B. Many forgot their childhood dreams. C. Half failed to achieve their childhood dreams. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Swiss Bike Adventures: Rent and Ride Welcome to Switzerland, a country filled with tall mountains, clear lakes, and cozy villages. Ski p the busy cars and buses — explore Switzerland on a bike! Why Choose SummitBikes? SummitBikes has been a top choice for bike rentals in Switzerland for over 12 years.With 15 rental spots across the country — from the heart of Zurich to the foot of famous mountains — you’ ll never be far from an adventure. Our team stand ready 24/7, whether you need assistance about bike models, rental prices, or need guidance during your ride. Our bikes come in different types: easy-to-ride regular bikes, strong mountain bikes for rough trails, and two-person tandem bikes for friends or families. Every bike gets a careful check before you rent it. Our staff, who speak English, German, and French, are happy to suggest the best biking routes for your skill level. Pricing Bike Type Half-day(4 hrs) Full-day(24 hrs) Extra Day Regular Bike CHF 25 CHF40 CHF 30 Mountain Bike CHF32 CHF 50 CHF 38 Tandem Bike(2-person) CHF 40 CHF 65 CHF 50 Guided Bike Tours Join our 6-hour fun-filled tours. Tours leave every morning at 9:00 from our GenevaLakefront Shop. Cycle through Switzerland’s most amazing places, and visit small, old villages. You’ ll stop to taste delicious homemade Swiss cheese, see old castles, and take great photos from high mountain roads. Book your spot online or at any SummitBikes store for free! 1. What do we know about SummitBikes? A. It has 15 rental spots in Zurich. B. It offers 24-hour help. C. It has 4 kinds of well-checked bikes. D. Its staff can speak Chinese. 2. How much should you pay for renting a tandem bike for a day and a half? A. CHF65. B. CHF80. C. CHF 105. D. CHF115. 3. Where do the guided bike tours start? A. Geneva Lakefront Shop. B. Lucerne Old Town. C. The foot of Matterhorn. D. Zurich City Center. B From a young age, Alex was fascinated by the symphony of sounds around him. The gentle sound of wind, the quiet whisper of rain, and the soft flowing of a stream. This early fascination drove him to choose acoustics (声学) as his major in university, where he studied in-depth into the science of sound. During his outdoor work, Alex was faced with the severe reality of noise pollution from cars and urban construction. Traditional noise-reduction methods, like thick insulation (隔离) and simple barriers, seemed ineffective against this difficult and ever-present problem. Driven by a desire for change, Alex was determined to develop a creative solution. In his lab, Alex did lots of experiments. He carefully examined the loudness and types of different urban noises. With the help of good equipment, he tested many sound patterns. After many attempts, he discovered a way to break up the noisy sounds. Alex then designed a network of smart speakers. These devices were equipped with highly sensitive microphones that could detect the slightest noise variations. The speakers were programmed to produce counter-sound waves. When these counter-sound waves met the original noise waves, they co-related in a way that canceled out the noise. The carrying out of Alex’s system faced several challenges, such as tech issues and setting-up problems, but Alex and his team persevered. Their efforts paid off when they set up the system on a particularly busy downtown street. The transformation was remarkable — the once-deafening noise was reduced by 70%. Encouraged by this success, the system was soon rolled out across other noisy areas of the city. Alex named his creation “Acoustic Harmony”, a proof of his vision of a more peaceful urban environment. 4. What inspired Alex to study acoustics? A. His fascination in symphony. B. His love for the sounds of nature. C. His passion for the science of sound. D. His worry about the noise pollution. 5. What problem did traditional noise-reduction methods have? A. They were too expensive to use. B. They were difficult to set up outdoors. C. They caused new environmental problems. D. They couldn’t solve the problem effectively. 6. What does the underlined word “counter-sound” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Sounds that fight against noise. B. Sounds that copy noise. C. Sounds that make noise louder. D. Sounds that record noise. 7. What is the author’s attitude towards Alex’s “Acoustic Harmony” invention? A. Doubtful. B. Uninterested. C. Admiring. D. Critical. C A category of bats, called fruit bats, like fruit that is rich in sugar. Wei Gordon, a biologist at Menlo College, wonders whether these fruit bats might hold information on treating diabetes (糖尿病) in people, because when fruit bats eat lots of fruit, it raises their blood sugar, but within half an hour, the bats can pretty much bring their sugar levels back to where they started. These bats control sugar like it was nothing, which isn’t the case for humans, who have to be careful about how much sugar they consume to avoid diseases like diabetes. Gordon wants to know how these bats control their sugar without health problems. She thinks the answer may lie, at least in part, in all the flying the bats do. “When you exercise,” says Gordon, “you use more energy.” So maybe these bats don’t take in all the sugar to store it away in their bodies. Rather, they keep it flowing in their bloodstream to power their flight to their next fruit meal. In that way, energy is always available. To further study how fruit bats manage their sugar, Gordon set out to compare the cells and genes of fruit bats with those of the bats that eat insects. “And what was really exciting is that in fruit bats,” she says, “we did see a lot more cells that are responsible for maintaining their blood sugar.” Plus, the fruit bats had genetic differences that seemed to allow them to act quickly to control the blood sugar flowing through their bloodstream. Over the last two decades, a combination of factors, including a decrease in exercise and changes in our diets, have caused diabetes to increase worldwide. “Maybe the study on fruit bats can teach us some things about how to be healthier in our lives,” explains Gordon, “including — perhaps — how to treat or even prevent the development of obesity and diabetes. There’s a lot that we can learn from how they’ve come to survive on the sugary diet.” 8. What made Wei Gordon interested in studying fruit bats? A. Their preference for long flight. B. Their consumption of rare fruit. C. Their ability to manage blood sugar. D. Their avoidance of deadly diseases. 9. What is indicated about fruit bats’ energy strategy according to Gordon? A. They form a varied diet. B. They leave a long eating gap. C. They store most of their sugar intake. D. They balance intake with consumption. 10. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Comparison of different bat diets. B. Biologic advantages of fruit bats. C. Cells’ function in sugar storage. D. Genetic diversity of fruit bats. 11 What can be inferred about fruit bats from the last paragraph? A. They offer important health insights. B. They are healthier than expected. C. They pose a threat to food safety. D. They are fond of human diets. D The idea that the standard human body temperature is about 37℃ was first presented by the German physician Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich in 1851. Since then, it’s become so widely accepted that it serves as a touchstone for health — a tool used by physicians and parents as a basic indicator of whether someone is sick or well. However, it turns out that this well-established fact isn’t, in fact, correct — or, to put it more accurately, human beings have been getting cooler over the years. Recent studies have shown that temperature records of groups of people have tended to run low compared to the accepted norm(MD). Therefore, a Stanford team, led by ProfessorJulie Parsonnet, decided to do a more in-depth study to compare modern measurements with historical records to try to identify body temperature trends and, perhaps, uncover the reason why this cooling is happening. For their research, the Stanford team looked at three distinct datasets from two historical periods. After going through 677,423 temperature measurements, the team found that men born in the 21st century had an average body temperature of 0.6℃ lower than that of those born in the late 19th century, while women born in the same period showed an average decrease of 0.03℃ compared to those born in the 1890s. As to why this is happening, the researchers say that the most likely mechanism is a reduction in the human metabolic rate (代谢率) due to environmental factors. One possibility is that improvements in public health over 200 years have reduced the incidence of inflammations (炎症), which promote metabolism. This, combined with people living more comfortable lives in more stable environments, means that the body doesn’t have to work as hard to stay warm, so the average temperature falls. “The environment that we’re living in has changed. Although we think of human beings as if we have been the same for all of human evolution, we’re not the same. We’re actually changing physiologically,” Parsonnet said. 12. What’s Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich’s achievement? A. He set up standards for human health services. B. He first used body temperature as a health signal. C. He predicted trends in humans’ body temperature. D. He proposed the standard of human body temperature. 13. What do the Stanford team’s temperature measurements show? A. Women have a lower body temperature than men. B. Humans’ body temperature has dropped at a faster rate. C. Men’s body temperature has fallen faster than that of women. D. Environmental temperatures have risen since the late 19th century. 14. Which of the following is thought to cause the decrease in human body temperature? A. The dependence on tools. B. The adaption to climate change. C. The contact with other creatures. D. The improved living conditions. 15. What could be the best title for the text? A. Human body temperature has been dropping B. The standard body temperature for humans C. Metabolism increases body temperature D. Gender difference in body temperature 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you looking for a way to go through life just a little happier? The path to happiness lies in finding your core values and reflecting those core values in everything you do. Live authentically and presently in the moment and you’ll find the happiness you seek. _____16_____ Identify your core values Boost your overall happiness by acting in accordance with your values. _____17_____ Not material possessions, but the people, circumstances, and feelings that make you feel like your life has meaning. These are the things you want to order your life around. As long as the things you do and the decisions you make follow along with those core values, you’ ll feel at peace. Develop a growth mindset Shift your mindset to become more resilient (有适应力). Life’s challenges might get you down, but with a growth mindset they won’t take you out. _____18_____ You don’t see failure as a threat, but as an opportunity to grow, and you embrace mistakes as learning opportunities. Celebrate your achievements _____19_____ When you achieve something you set out to do, it feels really good. Why not celebrate that? It can be easy to get embarrassed or self-conscious, especially if it was a relatively small accomplishment. But the truth is, it doesn’t matter — big or small, you did it! Start a gratefulness list Acknowledging your gratitude increases your happiness. If you’ve never simply sat for a minute to reflect on the things in your life that you’re grateful for, take a moment to do it now and pay attention to how it makes you feel. Start a list with 5 things you feel grateful for, then add another 5 things to your list each day. ___20___ A. Enjoy the glory of your accomplishment. B. Think about what’s most important to you. C. Let’s learn more about how you can live a joyful and happy life. D. Often it’s the little things that have the most huge impact on your life. E. That’s because you know you can adapt and change as circumstances require. F. For example, you might determine your loyalty to your friends is your core values. G. Over time, you’ ll find yourself overflowing with gratitude for the world around you. 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On May 20, a thrilling cross-country race happened at Green Valley. Jake Wilson should have ____21____ through the last part much faster, going up the rough path’s last steep hill. Everything was going well until he ____22____ a runner lying on the muddy road, with a bloody knee from falling. Wilson was halfway through his part when he saw Ethan Carter falling ____23____ , grabbing his ankle. Without ____24____ , Wilson slid to a stop and rushed back to Carter’s side. He tried to help Carter ____25____ to his feet, but Carter was unable to put weight on his injured leg. Realizing the ____26____ of the situation, Wilson made a quick ____27____. He crouched (蹲下) down and signaled for Carter to climb onto his back. With Carter securely seated, Wilson started running again, a determined look on his face. He carried Carter all the way to the finish line, ____28____ the burning in his muscles. Once they crossed the line, medical staff ____29____ Carter immediately. It was later revealed that Carter had hurt his ankle badly. He would have faced ____30____ difficulty trying to reach the medical tent on his own. For Wilson, he was a little bit ____31____ by the too much praise he received. “I didn’t think twice,” Wilson told a school reporter. “I couldn’t ____32____ him there.” His selfless act ____33____ the entire school, turning what could have been a disappointing moment into an unforgettable display of ____34____. Though he didn’t win the race that day, Wilson and Carter’s story became the talk of the school. The ____35____ of sportsmanship shone brighter than any medal. 21. A. rushed B. planned C. started D. skipped 22. A. missed B. judged C. faced D. heard 23. A. slowly B. hard C. far D. fast 24. A. hesitation B. permission C. doubt D. certainty 25. A. jump B. climb C. rise D. swing 26. A. ability B. urgency C. normality D. possibility 27. A. decision B. speech C. report D. comment 28. A. noticing B. ignoring C. fearing D. accepting 29. A. examined B. questioned C. comforted D. blamed 30. A. slight B. temporary C. extreme D. average 31. A. annoyed B. amused C. embarrassed D. frightened 32. A. save B. forget C. serve D. abandon 33. A. troubled B. challenged C. puzzled D. inspired 34. A. courage B. kindness C. pride D. humor 35 A. concept B. dream C. history D. power 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In China’s Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, cheese was only served in the Court as a classical cuisine. Unlike the solid form of cheese in Western countries, the Old Beijing Cheese is more like a thick liquid ____36____ (make) of milk and fermented (发酵的) rice wine. The traditional process of making Old Beijing Cheese begins by ____37____ (mix) fresh milk with an appropriate amount of fermented rice wine. The mixture, first heated in a wooden container, then gradually cools in an ice hole. ____38____ the addition of rice may have seemed somewhat rough, it contributes a soft flavor to the final product, making it quite appealing when ____39____ (consume). However, we no longer use rice wine liquid today as too much low-temperature fermentation liquid can ____40____ (negative) impact the proper coagulation (凝固) of milk. In ancient times, ____41____ method of making Old Beijing Cheese was a secret, which meant that even high officials and the ____42____ (wealth) could hardly have a chance to taste it, and the cheese ____43____ (consider) a representative of social status. ____44____ time going by, theOld Beijing Cheese has already become a common snack that enjoys great ____45____ (popular) among the public, and people can make it at home easily. 第三节 课文默写(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 46. The experiment allowed students to ________ what it was like to live in outer space.(根据句意填空) 47. Sometimes the smell alone can _________, not to mention the lovely creamy flavour. (根据句意填空) 48. I take my time over every spoonful, _________ rolling the silky dessert around my mouth and enjoying the perfect marriage of rice and milk. (根据句意填空) 49. The crowd immediately recognized that they were listening to something truly special, and they broke into ________ cheers at the end of the symphony. (根据句意填空) 50. Before him, he saw a sea of people all ________ their hats and handkerchiefs to express their appreciation of his masterwork. (根据句意填空) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 51. 假定你是李华，你校将与英国友好学校共同举办“中英音乐嘉年华（Sino-British MusicCarnival）”线上活动，现面向学生征集主题曲。请给活动组委会写一封推荐信，内容包括： 1. 推荐歌曲； 2. 推荐理由（至少两条）。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Organizing Committee I’m Li Hua. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 One day, my brother and I were coming back from the islands where we often risked going and got more fish than others. All at once, the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm. A huge wave covered our boat and we nearly fell into the sea. My brother put his mouth close to my ear and cried out “Moskoe-strom!” The moment I heard the word I became very frightened. I knew what he meant by that one word well enough. With the wind and waves, we were going in the direction of the whirlpool (漩涡). We were hopeless. Nothing could save us. I felt sick, as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream. We went round and round, nearer and nearer to the horrible edge of the whirlpool. It may appear strange, but at that moment, when we were on the edge of the whirlpool, I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it. I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way, and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature. Suddenly, we went over the edge. I thought my life was over. But moment after moment passed, and I was still safe. The boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool and we were going round in circles at great speed. I saw clearly that there were other objects in the whirlpool—trees and barrels (水桶). After a while, I became curious about the whirlpool itself. I then made three important observations. The first, the larger the bodies were, the more rapidly they fell; the second, between two objects of equal extent, round objects fell down less rapidly; and the third, between two objects of the same size, objects shaped like a tube fell down more slowly. So I tied myself to a barrel to help me float. I tried to make my brother understand, but he was too frightened and stayed in the boat. Without waiting, I jumped into the sea to try and escape. 注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Some time after I left the boat, I saw my brother struggling in the sea. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Soon after that, the whirlpool became less wild and then the sky was clear. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$