Unit 3 单词讲解课件 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

2025秋人教八上 单词讲解 Unit 3 Same or Different 1 compare /kəmˈpeə(r)/ v. 比较；对比 例句：Let’s compare this year’s sales figures with last year’s. 用法： compare A with B 把A和B作比较（同类） e.g. Compare this book with that one to see the differences. compare A to B 把...比作... （异类） e.g. Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 变形：comparison n. 对比；比喻 shy /ʃaɪ/ adj. 害羞的 例句：She’s too shy to speak in public. 用法： 比较级和最高级 shy-shyer-shyest （美式） shy-shier-shiest （英式） lazy /ˈleɪzi/ adj. 懒惰的；懒洋洋的 例句：He’s so lazy—he never cleans his room. 用法： 比较级和最高级 lazy-lazier-laziest e.g. My brother is lazier than me. This is the laziest cat I’ve ever seen—it sleeps all day! loud /laʊd/ adv. 响亮地 adj. 大声的 例句：The music was so loud I couldn’t hear myself think. 用法： loud adv. 响亮地 与动词搭配，强调声音的强度。 e.g. Don’t talk so loud in the library. loud adj. 大声的 描述声音强度高，容易被听到。 e.g. Please turn down the TV—it’s too loud. outgoing /ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/ adj. 外向的 例句：She’s very outgoing and makes friends easily. hard-working /ˌhɑːd ˈwɜːkɪŋ/ adj. 勤奋的 例句：She’s a hardworking student. 用法： hard-working adj. 描述人积极投入工作、学习或任务，不懒惰。 比较级和最高级 more hard-working the most hard-working perform /pəˈfɔːm/ v. 表演；执行 例句：The band will perform at the concert tonight. 变形： performance（名词）：表演；表现 e.g. The play’s performance was outstanding. performer（名词）：表演者 e.g. The circus performers entertained the crowd. solve /sɒlv/ v. 解决；解答 例句：We need to solve the problem of traffic congestion. 搭配： solve a problem 解决问题 congratulation /kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃn/ n. 祝贺；恭喜 例句：Congratulations on your promotion! 搭配： congratulations on (doing) sth. 对具体事件或成就表示祝贺，后接名词或动名词。 e.g. Congratulations on your wedding! 变形： →congratulate v. 祝贺；恭喜 attend /əˈtend/ v. 参加；出席 例句：I need to attend a meeting this afternoon. 用法： attend后接会议、课程、婚礼、活动等名词。 e.g. Did you attend your friend’s wedding? attend 上（学）；就读（机构）接学校、大学等地点名词。 e.g. He attended Harvard University in the 1990s. as … as … 像……一样…… 例句：She is as tall as her brother. 用法： 肯定句：A + be / 动词 + as + 原级 + as + B （也可用 “not so...as”） A 和 B 在某方面一样…… e.g. He runs as fast as a cheetah. 否定句：A + be / 动词 + not + as + 原级 + as + B e.g. The movie isn’t as good as I expected. besides /bɪˈsaɪdz/ prep. 除……之外（还） adv. 而且 例句：Besides English, she also speaks French and Spanish. 用法： besides prep. 表示 “除了某事物 / 人之外，还有其他事物 / 人” besides + 名词 / 代词 / 动名词 e.g. Besides John, three other students volunteered for the activity. besides adv. 而且用于补充说明额外的信息或理由 e.g. She’s smart and hard-working. Besides, she’s very kind to others. spare /speə(r)/ adj. 空闲的；备用的 v. 抽出；拨出 例句：Do you have a spare pen? Mine is out of ink. 用法： spare v. spare + 时间 / 金钱 / 精力 + (for sb./sth.) 或 spare + sb. + 时间 e.g. Can you spare a few minutes for cleaning your bedroom? spare adj. 空闲的；备用的 spare time 空闲时间 spare tire 备胎 pleasure /ˈpleʒə(r)/ n. 乐事；愉快；荣幸 例句：The children played in the park with great pleasure. 用法： pleasure n. 愉快；愉悦感（不可数） 乐事；令人高兴的事（可数） 变形： →pleasant（形容词）：令人愉快的 →pleased（形容词）：高兴的；满意的 have sth in common 有共同之处 例句：My sister and I have many hobbies in common. 用法： 其中 “something” 可替换为具体共同点，如 interest, hobby, idea 等 否定形式：have nothing/little in common（几乎没有共同点） 疑问形式：Do/Does...have anything in common?（…… 有共同点吗？） common adj. 常见的；共同的；普通的 e.g. It’s common for students to feel nervous before exams. appearance /əˈpɪərəns/ n. 外表；露面 例句：She has a beautiful appearance. 变形： →appear v. 出现；显露; 显得；看起来 e.g. The sun appeared from behind the clouds. →disappear v. 消失 e.g. It disappered in the dark. personality /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ n. 性格；品质 例句：Her personality makes her popular in any group. serious/ˈsɪəriəs/ adj. 严肃的；严重的 例句：He’s a serious person who never jokes about work. 变形： →seriously adv. 严重地 e.g. He was seriously injured in the car accident. strength /streŋθ/ n. 优势；力量（可数名词） 例句：He’s a serious person who never jokes about work. 用法： strength n. 优势 指人或事物在某方面的突出特质或竞争力。 e.g. One of her strengths is the ability to solve problems quickly. strength n. 力量 指肌肉或物体具备的做功能力，或抵抗外力的强度。 e.g. He lifted the heavy box with all his strength. 变形：→strong adj. 强壮的 fact /fækt/ n. 事实；现实（可数名词） 例句：It is a fact that the Earth revolves around the Sun. 用法： in fact 实际上；事实上 e.g. He doesn’t like coffee. In fact, he hates it. slim /slɪm/ adj. 苗条的；薄的 例句：She has a slim figure after years of exercise. population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 人口 例句：The city’s population has grown by 10% in the past decade. 用法： the population of ...的人口 e.g. the population of London 强调整体时，动词用单数 e.g. The world population is growing. 询问人口数量：What is the population of...? average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj. 平均的；平常的 例句：The average temperature in July is 28 degrees Celsius. 用法： average income/price/score（平均收入 / 价格 / 分数） above/below average（高于 / 低于平均水平） alike /əˈlaɪk/ adj. 相像的 adv. 相似地 例句：The two sisters look alike, but have different personalities. 用法： alike adj. 相像的 不能用于名词前作定语，需搭配系动词（如 be, look, seem, feel 等）。 alike adv. 相似地 修饰动词或整个句子，位于动词后或句尾。 e.g. They treated everyone alike, regardless of status. look/sound/feel alike：看起来 / 听起来 / 感觉相似 interest /ˈɪntrest/ n. 业余爱好；兴趣 v. 使感兴趣 例句：She developed an interest in environmental science. 用法： show/have/take (an) interest in：对…… 表现出兴趣 lose interest (in)：（对……）失去兴趣 变形： →interesting adj. 有趣的 →interested adj. 有趣的 be interested in 对...感兴趣 difference /ˈdɪfrəns/ n. 差异（可数名词） 例句：There's a big difference in temperature between day and night. 用法： make a difference：有影响、起作用 Regular exercise can make a big difference to your health. make no difference：无影响、无关紧要 tell the difference (between A and B)：区分 A 和 B 变形：→different adj. 不同的　　be different from（与…… 不同） sense /sens/ n. 理解力；感觉 例句：Losing your sense of sight can be a terrifying experience. 搭配： a sense of humor 幽默感 e.g. She has a great sense of humor. make sense：有道理、讲得通 humour /ˈhjuːmə/ (= humor) n. 幽默；幽默感 例句：Her sense of humor lightened the tense atmosphere. 搭配： have a good/poor sense of humor：有 / 缺乏幽默感 变形： humorous adj. 幽默的、滑稽的 e.g. Mark Twain is known for his humorous writing style. thanks to 归功于；由于；因为 例句：Thanks to your help, we finished the project on time. 用法： 相当于 “because of” 或 “due to”，但更侧重 “积极的原因” 或 “值得感谢的因素”。 less/les/ adj.较少的；更少的 adv. 较少地；更少地 pron. 较少；更少 例句：I need less time to finish this task. 用法： less adj. 修饰不可数名词，原级为 “little” less...than...比…… 更少 e.g. I need less time to finish this task. less adv. 修饰动词、形容词或副词 e.g. Eat less and exercise more. less pron. 更少的人 / 事物（指代不可数名词） straightforward /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/ adj. 坦率的；简单的 例句：His straightforward manner makes him easy to work with. opinion /əˈpɪnjən/ n. 看法；意见（可数名词） 例句：Different people have different opinions on social media. 搭配： in one’s opinion 在某人看来 e.g. In his opinion, the plan is impractical. make a mistake 犯错误 例句：I made a mistake in the math problem. 用法： mistake n. 错误 可数名词 mistake v. 弄错；误解；把…… 认错 honest /ˈɒnɪst/ adj. 坦诚的；诚实的 例句：He is an honest person who never lies. direct /dəˈrekt; dɑɪˈrekt/ adj. 率直的；直接的 例句：There’s a direct flight from Beijing to New York. 变形： directly adv. 直接地 e.g. He directly responded to the question. similarity /ˌsɪməˈlærəti/ n. 相似之处（可数名词） 例句：There are obvious similarities between the two paintings. 变形： similar adj.：相似的；类似的 be similar to 与...相似 friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/ n. 友谊；友情 例句：Their friendship has lasted for over 20 years. 变形： friend n. 朋友 可数名词 friendly adj. 友好的 be friendly to 对...友好 character /ˈkærəktə(r)/ n. 人物；个性 （可数名词） 例句：She has a kind and generous character. 变形： characteristic n.指人或事物典型的、独特的特征；特点；特性 e.g. One characteristic of mammals is that they feed their young with milk. 形容词（adj.）：典型的；特有的（常用于 be characteristic of sth./sb. 结构） exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/ v. & n. 交换 例句：We exchanged contact information before leaving. 搭配： exchange sth. with sb.：与某人交换某物 exchange A for B：用 A 换取 B（尤指以物易物或兑换） exchange ideas/views/information：交流想法 / 观点 / 信息 exchange student 交换生 accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ n. 意外；（交通）事故 例句：A car accident blocked the highway for hours. 搭配： traffic accident 交通事故 by accident：偶然地（= by chance） e.g. I found her address by accident while cleaning my desk. expect /ɪkˈspekt/ v. 预料；期待 例句：I expect she’ll arrive by 6 PM. 搭配： expect sb. to do sth.（期望某人做某事） e.g. Parents expect their children to study hard. expect (that) + 句子 e.g. She expects (that) the project will be finished on time. silver /ˈsɪlvə(r)/ adj. 银色的 n. 银 例句：The necklace is made of silver. 搭配： silver lining /ˈlaɪnɪŋ/一线光明 e.g. “Even in the darkest days, a silver lining can appear.” situation /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/ n. 情况；状况 例句：The situation at the border has become tense. 搭配： in difficult situations 在困境中 e.g. She helps me see the silver lining in difficult situations. care about 关心；担心 例句：She cares deeply about her students’ well-being. 拓展： care for 喜欢；照顾（=take care of） e.g. I don’t care for horror movies. care v. 关心；在乎 n. 照料；照顾 careful adj. 小心的；谨慎的 careless adj. 粗心的 carefully adj. 小心地；谨慎地 carelessly adj. 粗心地 reach /riːtʃ/ v. 伸手；达到 例句：We reached the airport at 6 a.m. 拓展： reach + 地点（无需介词，直接接宾语） reach for sth.（伸手去够某物） e.g. The shelf is too high for me to reach. reach for 伸手触碰 touch /tʌtʃ/ v. 触动；触碰 例句：Don’t touch the hot stove—it’s dangerous. 拓展： touch v. 触动 touch sb. deeply（深深打动某人）/touch on emotions（触及情感） e.g. Her story touched everyone in the audience. keep in touch with 与某人保持联系 lend (sb) a hand 帮助（某人） 例句：Can you lend me a hand with the boxes? 拓展： lend sb. a hand + 动词 ing（直接接动名词） lend sb. a hand + with sth.（接名词 / 名词短语） 感 谢 您的观看 49 $$