Unit 1 Teenage Life（知识清单）英语人教版2019必修第一册

Unit 1 Teenage Life（知识清单）学习内容导览 分类 具体内容要点 单词清单 核心词汇、高频词、派生词、词性转换 短语清单 动词短语（graduate from）、介词短语（in one’s teens在某人十几岁的时候）、固定搭配（have a preference for） 句型清单 重点句型结构（如 It is + adj.+for sb + to do）、so that常用表达 语法清单 名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语 写作清单 建议信--写作模板、高分句型、常用话题素材 单元精练 词性转换题,语法专练 单元考点精讲 单词 清单 I.基础单词 1．teenage adj. 十几岁的；青少年的 2．volunteer n.志愿者 3．debate n.辩论；争论 4．prefer vt. 较喜欢 Preference n偏爱;优待;偏爱的事物/人 prefer... to... 喜欢……多于…… 5．suitable adj. 合适的；适用的 suitable for 对……适合的 6．actually adv. 事实上；的确 actual adj.实际的；真实的 7.challenge n.挑战；艰巨任务 challenging adj.有挑战性的vt.怀疑 8.confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑 confused adj. 糊涂的；迷惑的 be confused about对...感到迷惑 9.fluent adj.流利的;熟练的 10.recommend vt. 建议;推荐；介绍 recommend doing sth.建议做某事 recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 recommendation n.提议；建议；推荐11.graduate vi.&vt.毕业 n.毕业生 II.核心单词 12.advanced adj. 高级的；高等的；先进 advance n.前进；发展；促进 13. advanced adj. 先进的；高级的 14. extra adj. 额外的；附加的 15. obviously adv. 显然；明显地 16. quit vi.&vt. 停止；戒掉；离开 17. responsible adj. 负责的；有责任的 responsibility n. 责任；义务 be responsible for 对……负责 18. editor n. 主编；编辑；编者 19. adventure n. 冒险；奇遇 20. youth n. 青年时期；青春 21. expert n. 专家；行家adj. 熟练的 22. behavior n. 行为；举止 23. generation n. 一代（人） 24. focus vi.&vt.集中精力等n. 焦点 focus on 集中；特别关注 25.addicted adj. 有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的 26.addictive adj. 使人上瘾的 Addiction n. 瘾；入迷；嗜好 adult n.成年人adj.成年的 短语 清单 1. in one’s teens 在某人十几岁的时候2.volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事 2. have a preference for 对...偏爱 3. 4.be confused about 对...感到困惑 5.graduate from 毕业于 6.in advance 提前 7.It is obvious that... 显然地； 明显地 8.It is apparent that... 显然地； 明显地 9.quit doing sth 放弃做某事 10.as scheduled 按照预定时间，如期 11.on schedule 准时 12.The early bird catches the worm. 先到先得。早期的鸟儿有虫吃。 13.Always prepare for a rainy day.未雨绸缪 14.Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 15.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子也变傻。 16.Distance tests a horse’s strength. Time reveals a person’s character.路遥知马力，日久见人心。 17.have a good knowledge of 对...很了解 18.on one’s own 独自 19.be responsible for 对...负责 20.get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 21.be faced with sth 面临某事 22.practise doing sth 练习做某事 23.make a recommendation that... 推荐/建议. 24.generation gap 代沟 25.become addicted to 沉迷于...,对...上瘾 26.concentrate on 聚精会神于 27.drop out of 退出，不参与 28.give sb some advice on给某人一些关于.建议 26.graduate from 毕业于 29.sign up for 报名参加 30.be expert at/in 擅长... 31.have a good command of 对...掌握得 33.generation gap 代沟 34.be attracted to  喜爱 35.be addicted to  对……很入迷 36.happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 37.It happened that... 碰巧... 38.be suitable for 适合于 39.decide to do sth 决定做某事 40.have no choice but to do sth别无选择只好做某事 拓展 单词 拓展单词 1. teenage adj.十几岁的(指13至19岁) ;青少年的→teenager n. (13至19岁的)青少年 2. volunteer n.志愿者→voluntary adj.自愿的;志愿的 3. debate vi.&vt.争论;辩论n.辩论;争论→debatable adj.可争辩的→debater n.辩论者 4. prefer vt.较喜欢→preference n.偏爱,优先;偏爱的事物/人→preferable adj.更好的,更可取的(客观上)/preferred adj.优先权的;首选的(主观上) 5. movement n.动作;运动;活动→move vt.& vi.移动;搬家 vt.使感动 6. suitable adj.合适的;适用的→unsuitable adj.不合适的→suit vt.适合;适宜于 n.套装,西装 7. actually adv.事实上;的确→actual adj.实际的;真实的 8. challenge n.挑战;艰巨任务 vt.怀疑;向…挑战→challenging adj.有挑战性的→challenged adj.伤残的;有残疾的 9. confuse vt.使糊涂;使迷惑→confusing adj.难以理解的;不清楚的→confused adj.糊涂的;迷惑的→confusion n.混乱;混淆 10. fluent adj. (尤指外语)流利的;熟练的→fluently adv.流利地→fluency n.流利;流畅 11. graduate vi.&vt.毕业;获得学位 n.毕业生→graduation n.毕业→postgraduate n.研究生→undergraduate n.本科生 12. recommend vt.建议;推荐;介绍→recommendation n.建议;推荐 13. advance n.前进;发展vi.前进;发展vt.发展;促进→advanced adj.高级的;高等的;先进的 14. literature n.文学;文献资料→literary adj.文学的 15. obviously adv.明显地;显然→obvious adj.明显的;显而易见的 16. responsible adj.负责的;有责任的→responsibly adv.负责地→responsibility n.责任;义务 17. solution n.解决办法;答案→solve vt.解决 18. editor n.主编;编辑→edit vt.编辑;剪辑→edition n.版本;版次 19. adventure n.冒险;奇遇→adventurous adj.有冒险精神的→adventurer n.冒险家 20. youth n.青年时期;青春→youthful adj.年轻的;经验尚浅的→young adj.年轻的;幼小的 21. survive vi.&vt.幸存;比…活得长→survival n.生存;幸存;幸存事物→survivor n.幸存者 22.expert n.专家adj.专家的;内行的→expertise n.专门知识;专门技能[ˌekspɜːˈtiːz] 23.behavio(u)r n.行为;举止→behave v.举止,表现 24.generation n.一代人→ generate vt.产生,引起 25.attract vt.吸引;引起→attraction n.吸引;吸引人的事物;景点→attractive adj.有吸引力的 26.focus vi.&vt.集中(精力,注意力等) ; (使)调节焦距 n.中心;重点;焦点→focused adj.注意力集中的;专注的 27. addict n.对…入迷的人;吸毒成瘾的人→addicted adj.有瘾的;上瘾的;入迷的→addiction n.着迷;上瘾 28. adult n.成年人 adj.成年的;成熟的→adulthood n.成年时期 熟词 生义 熟词生义 1.challenge n.挑战；艰巨任务 v.向...挑战 【熟词生义】 v.怀疑；质疑 She does not like anyone challenging her authority.她不喜欢任何人挑战她的权威。 2.extra adj.额外的；附加的 adv.额外；另外 n.额外的事物 【熟词生义】 adv.特别 You need to be extra careful not to make any mistakes.你要格外小心，别犯错误。 3.survival n.生存；幸存 【熟词生义】 n.幸存事物 survival of the fittest 适者生存 4.focus n.中心；重点 n.焦点 vi&vt.集中（精力、注意力等）； 【熟词生义】 vi&vt.（使）调节焦距 In this scene, the camera focuses on the actor's face.在这个镜头中，摄影机对准演员的脸部。 n.焦距 The children's faces are badly out of focus in the photograph.照片上孩子们的脸模糊不清。 句型 清单 重点句型 sentence 1 译文　因为我喜欢且擅长英语，所以我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学。 Sentence 2 译文　我有点担心在我的高级课程中跟不上其他学生，要习惯所有的作业也非常困难。 Sentence 3 译文　努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我会为大学或未来发生的任何其他事情做好充分准备。 Sentence 4 译文　但是花太多的时间上网是不健康的，而且让人很难把精力集中在生活中的其他事情上。 语法 清单 名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语 二、知识点精讲 知识点1. 1. 1.volunteer n. 志愿者v. 自告奋勇 情景导学 To my surprise，they volunteered me for/as the general manager of the company. 令我吃惊的是，他们举荐我当公司的总经理。 用法归纳 ①volunteer 　to do    sth. 自告奋勇做某事；自愿做某事 ②volunteer (sth. ) for/　as   sth. 自愿做 ③volunteer sb. 　for/as     sth. (未经当事人同意)举荐某人做…… 词汇拓展 ①voluntary adj. 自愿的；志愿的 ②voluntarily adv. 自愿地；志愿地 2. prefer vt. 较喜欢 I prefer helping others. 我更喜欢帮助别人。  情景导学 I prefer you to wait for me at the bus stop. 我更希望你在公共汽车站等我。 I prefer riding a bike to taking the subway to the park. 比起乘地铁去公园，我更喜欢骑自行车去。 用法归纳 Prefer to do /doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 prefer. . . to    . . . 喜欢……多于…… prefer doing A to doing　    B 比起做B，更喜欢做A Prefer to do   A rather than do  B 宁愿做A也不愿做B prefer sb. to do  sth. 更希望某人做某事 特别提醒 ①prefer的过去式和过去分词需要先双写r，再加-ed，即preferred、preferred。 ②prefer表示“like. . . better”，其本身含有比较意义，故不与表示比较的more或better连用。 ③prefer不用于进行时。 词汇拓展 ①preference n. 喜爱；偏爱 have a preference for. . . 偏爱…… give (a) preference to优待 Most companies give preference to interviewees with some experience. 大多数公司会优先录用有一些经验的面试者。 ②preferable adj. 更好的；更可取的 3. suitable adj. 合适的；适用的 情景导学 We will find a suitable place to have a picnic/for a picnic. 我们会找一个适合野餐的地方。 The pen is not suitable to use in very cold weather. 这种钢笔不适合在非常寒冷的天气使用。 用法归纳 ①a suitable place/time/. . . 　to do    sth. /for sth. 适合做某事的地点/时间/…… ②be suitable 　for    . . . 适合…… ③be suitable 　 to do   sth. 适合做某事 词汇拓展 ①suit vt. (服装、款式、颜色等)适合(某人)；合……心意；适宜，有利于 n. 套装；西服 •That color doesn't suit her. 那种颜色不适合她。 ②suited adj. 合适的；适宜的；般配的 be suited to/for sb. /sth. 适合某人或某物 •He is not really suited for a teaching career. 他不大适合做老师。 易混辨析 suit 指符合某人的需要、口味、性格、条件等，或服装、颜色、款式等适合 fit 强调尺寸或形状上的适合 match 1. 多指两个物体大小、色调、形状、性质等方面很相配，显得很协调； 2. 指在能力、水平上“与……相匹敌” •The carpets match the curtains very well. 地毯和窗帘很配。 4. challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务 vt. 怀疑；向……挑战 Stay with positive people who challenge you to be better. 和积极乐观的人在一起，他们激励你变得更好。 I became confident enough to challenge the good players to the table tennis. 我变得有足够的信心向优秀的乒乓球运动员挑战。 用法归纳 名①　face   a challenge/challenges面对挑战 ②　meet    /rise to a/the challenge迎接挑战 ③accept/take up/take on a/the challenge接受挑战 动④challenge sb. to   sth. 向某人挑战某事 challenge sb. to do  sth. 激励某人做某事；强烈建议某人做某事 词汇拓展 challenging adj. 挑战性的 challenging work/careers具有挑战性的工作/职业 ②challenger n. 挑战者 5. confusing adj. 难以理解的；不清楚的 The first week was a little confusing. 第一周过得有点晕头转向。 词汇拓展 ①confused adj. 糊涂的；迷惑的；混乱的 be confused about. . . 对……感到迷惑 ②confuse vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑；(将……)混淆 confuse A and/with B将A和B混淆 ③confusion n. 不确定；困惑；混淆；困窘；混乱 in confusion困窘地 confusion about/over/as to. . . 关于……的困惑/不确定 •Jack looked at his friend in confusion，curious to know what was in the box. 杰克困窘地看着他的朋友，想知道箱子里有什么。 易混辨析 confused 1. 通常修饰人或人的表情、情绪，指人无法清晰地思考或无法理解发生的事情或某人说的话；2. 指事物混乱、不清楚 confusing 指事物不清楚、令人困惑或难以理解 6. graduate vi. & vt. 毕业；获得学位 n. 毕业生 情景导学 Lisa graduated from our school last June and is about to go to college in New York. 莉萨去年六月从我们学校毕业了，即将去纽约上大学。  用法归纳 ①graduate 　 from    +学校 毕业于……学校 graduate　in    +专业 毕业于……专业 词汇拓展 graduation n. (大学或美国高中的)毕业；毕业典礼 7. recommend vt. 建议；推荐；介绍 My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I'm good at it. 因为我喜欢且擅长英语，所以我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学。 情景导学 I recommend you to read some classics and exchange ideas with me. 我建议你读一些名著并和我交流思想。  Our English teacher strongly recommended China Daily to us. 我们的英语老师向我们强烈推荐《中国日报》。 用法归纳 ①recommend sb. 　to do     sth. 建议某人做某事 ②recommend　 doing    sth. 建议做某事 ③recommend sth. 　to   sb. 向某人推荐某物 ④recommend that. . . [that从句的谓语用“　(should+)动词原形   ”]建议…… ⑤It’s recommended that. . . [that从句的谓语用“　 (should+)动词原形    ”]据建议…… ⑥recommend sb. 　as   /for. . . 推荐某人当……/担任……职位 词汇拓展 recommendation n. 正式建议；推荐；介绍；推荐信 make a/one recommendation (to sb. for/on/about sth. ) (关于某事向某人)提议 on one's recommendation在某人的建议/推荐下 On your recommendation，I signed up for many extra-curricular activities. 在你的建议下，我报名参加了很多课外活动。 8. advanced adj. 高级的；高等的；先进的 词汇拓展 advance n. 前进；发展 vi. 前进；发展 vt. 发展；促进 in advance (of sth. )(时间上)在……前；预先；事先；超前 make an advance/advances in. . . 在……方面取得进步/进展 advance towards/on. . . 朝……前进 Galileo's ideas were well in advance of the age in which he lived. 伽利略的思想远远超越了他所处的时代。 •We have made great advances in the treatment of cancer. 我们在治疗癌症方面取得了巨大的进步。 9. quit vi. & vt. (quit，quit)停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位、学校等) Obviously，I was unhappy，but I won't quit. 显然，我不开心，但我不会放弃。 情景导学 Alcoholics who want to quit drinking can avoid booze，but how do we give up our phones? 想要戒酒的酗酒者可以避免饮酒，但我们怎么才能放弃手机呢? 用法归纳 ①quit 　doing    sth. 停止做某事 ②quit as. . . 辞去……的职务 ③quit one's job　辞职    ④quit school 辍学 10. responsible adj. 负责的；有责任的 情景导学 The general manager should be responsible to the board. 总经理应该对董事会负责。 用法归纳 ①be responsible for(　doing   )sth. 负责(做)某事 ②be responsible　for    . . . 对……(事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任 ③be responsible　to    . . . 对……(上级或领导者)负责 词汇拓展 responsibility n. 责任；义务 have responsibility[for(doing). . . ]有[(做)……的]责任 take responsibility[for(doing). . . ]承担[(做)……的]责任 It's one's responsibility to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任。 shoulder/take on responsibility肩负/承担责任 a sense of responsibility责任感 It's our responsibility to spread traditional Chinese culture to foreigners. 向外国人传播中国传统文化是我们的责任。 11. schedule n. 工作计划；日程安排 vt. 安排；预定 情景导学 We will show you around our new school as scheduled. 我们将按照预定时间带你参观我们的新学校。 The following events are scheduled for the 2023-2024 academic year. 以下活动安排在 2023—2024学年。 用法归纳 名①　on     schedule按预定时间 ②　ahead of     schedule早于预定时间 ③behind schedule晚于预定时间 动④　as     scheduled按照预定时间 ⑤be scheduled　for  +某个时间点或时间段 预定/安排在……(时间) ⑥be scheduled 　to do    sth. 被安排做某事；预计做某事 情景助记 　　     12. attract vt. 吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣) 情景导学 You will be deeply attracted to Beijing opera even if you know nothing about it. 即使你对京剧一无所知，你也会深深地被它吸引。  We were deeply attracted by his sense of responsibility. 我们被他的责任感深深地吸引了。 用法归纳 ①　attract one's attention   引起某人的注意 ②attract sb. 　to     sb. /sth. 引起某人对某人/某物的好感；使某人喜爱某人/某物 ③be attracted 　by/to   . . . 被……吸引 词汇拓展 ①attraction n. [U]吸引；吸引力；诱惑力；[C]向往的地方；有吸引力的事 tourist attraction旅游景点 ②attractive adj. 有吸引力的，吸引人的 be attractive to. . . 对……有吸引力 Douyin，a short video app，is attractive to young people. 抖音是一款短视频应用软件，它对年轻人有吸引力。 ③attractively adv. 诱人地；有吸引力地 13. focus vi. & vt. 集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距 n. 中心；重点；焦点 情景导学 The accident brought the safety problem on campus into focus. 这次事故使校园安全问题成为焦点。 There's a new field in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus：food. 3D打印有一个新的领域开始成为焦点：食品。 用法归纳 动①focus　on   /upon集中；特别关注 ②focus one's eyes/attention/mind/efforts　on    . . . 集中目光/注意力/心思/努力于…… 名③bring. . . 　into   focus使……成为焦点 ④　come    into focus成为焦点 ⑤the focus of attention/interest注意力/兴趣的焦点 词汇拓展 表示“集中注意力于……”的常用表达还有：concentrate(. . . ) on. . . ；fix one's attention on. . . 14. addicted adj. 有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的 情景导学 More and more teenagers are becoming addicted to computer games. 越来越多的青少年正变得沉迷于电脑游戏。 (译林必修三) 用法归纳 be/become addicted 　to    (doing)sth. 对(做)某事上瘾；沉迷于(做)某事 词汇拓展 ①addict n. 对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人 ②addiction n. 入迷；嗜好；瘾 (an/one's)addiction to. . . (一种/某人)对……的嗜好/瘾 You should fight your addiction to alcohol. 你应该努力戒酒。 ③addictive adj. 使人上瘾的 The boy is seriously addicted to video games and he finds them very addictive，thus turning into a video game addict. 这个男孩严重沉迷于电子游戏，他发现电子游戏让人非常上瘾，因此变成了电子游戏迷。 【语法知识】 1.结构一：so that为了，以便 情景导学 She asked for the woman's name and address so that she could repay her. =She asked for the woman's name and address in order that she could repay her. =She asked for the woman's name and address in order to/so as to repay her. 她询问那位女士的名字和住址，以便能还她钱。 用法归纳 ①so that引导　目的状语    从句，意为“为了，以便”，从句中常含有can、could、may、 might、will、would等情态动词。 ②so that可与in order that、　in order to do   、so as to do等形式进行转换。 结构拓展 so that引导结果状语从句，译为“因此，所以”，从句中一般不用情态动词，从句前通常有逗号与主句隔开。此外so 和that还可以分开，so后多接形容词或者副词，译为“如此……以至于……”。 Stephen was excellent in many ways，so that he got the job. 斯蒂芬各方面都很优秀，因此他得到了这份工作。 He was so anxious that he paced up and down in the room. 他焦急万分，在房间里来回踱步。  特别提醒 区分so that引导的是目的状语从句还是结果状语从句主要从句子表达的意思入手，根据语境分析从句表达的是某人的目的还是既定的结果。从句中含有情态动词或主句与从句之间有逗号并不能作为区分这两种从句的 “黄金法则”。 结构二：It be+adj. +for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是……的。 情景导学 It is very difficult for humans to live on Mars because of the cold weather. 由于火星上天气寒冷，人类很难在上面生存。 As a foreign learner，it is important for you to understand the true meaning of Chinese culture. 作为一个外国学习者，你理解中国文化的真正含义很重要。 (写作—交换生) 用法归纳 该句型中　it     作形式主语，动词不定式(短语)作真正的主语，动词不定式(短语)的逻辑主语由　for   引出。该句型中的形容词通常表示动词不定式(短语)的性质，如convenient、    difficult    、　important   、necessary、common、hard、easy、dangerous等。 结构拓展 如果动词不定式(短语)的逻辑主语由of引出，则该句型中的形容词通常描述人的品质或特征，如clever、wise、kind、foolish等。 It's wise of you to come up with such a wonderful idea. 你能想出这么好的主意真是聪明。 【经典练】 一．默写重点单词 1.__________ n.(13 至19岁之间的）青少年 2.___________ n争论，辩论 v. 辩论，争论 3.__________n.名称，标题，头衔 4.___________ n.内容，目录adj.满意的 5.__________ n.动作，运动 6.____________ n.文学，文学作品 7.___________ adj 额外的，附加的 8.___________ n.工作计划 vt安排，预定 9. ___________ v.停止，戒掉，离开 10._________ v. 集中 n.中心,焦点 11.___________ n.青春，青年时期 12._________ n专家，行家 adj.内行的,专家的 13.___________ n.一代人 14._________ n.成年人 adj.成年的 15. _____________vt. 较喜欢→ ________________n. 偏爱；喜爱 16. ___________v. 适合；满足；匹配 n. 套装→______________adj. 合适的；适用的 17. _____________adj. 真实的；实际的→______________adv. 事实上；的确 18. ____________ vt. 怀疑；挑战 n. 挑战；艰巨任务→______________adj. 具有挑战性的 19. _________ vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑→ __________adj. 困惑的→__________ adj.令人困惑的 20. __________adj. 流利的；熟练的→___________ adv. 流利地，流畅地→_________ n.流利，流畅 21. ___________v. 毕业；获得学位 n. 毕业生→___________ n. 毕业；毕业典礼 22. _____________vi. 建议；推荐；介绍→______________ n. 提议；推荐；推荐信 23.___________ v./n前进，发展→___________ adj.高级的，高等的 24.___________ adj.明显的→___________ adv.明显地 25.___________ v.解决，处理→____________ n.答案，解决办法 26. ___________ v.编辑→____________ n.编辑→____________ n.版本 27.____________ v.存活，幸存→____________n.幸存者→____________ n.生存，幸存 28.___________v.行为，表现 →___________n行为，举止 29._____________ n.冒险，奇遇→______________ adj.冒险的 30.____________ v.吸引→____________ n.有吸引力的事物→____________adj.有吸引力的 二．词汇运用 1.Most ________(青少年) feel that the most important people in their lives are their parents. 2. The first part of the project was completed two months ahead of ____________(工作计划). 3. My father is never c_________with my studies, which makes me very sad. 4. He says he’s unable to give up smoking; he’s completely ___________. (addict) 5. When you meet __________(挑战)， tell yourself that you can make it. 6. During my fresh year, my teacher r____________ me to work hard to keep up with the other students. 7. He looked as if nothing had happened, and I was quite pleased with his ___________(行为). 8. Mary had a poor family and q________school when she was very young. 9. From the ________ look on her face, I knew that my explanation of this poem was ________. (confuse) 10. It is everyone’s ________________(responsible) to protect the environment. 11.with the help of the___________ technology, the workers can complete the bridge in___________(advance). 12.what__________ him most was the__________ park.but he planned to visit another tourist __________ in this area first.(attract） 13.Not only does Jack speak__________ Chinese, but also he can speak Russian_________. (fluent). 14.She __________(prefer) to go the cinema rather than stay at home last Sunday. 15.I highly recommended _______(join) this club. I’m sure you will learn a lot. 三．重点句型 1.Good habits ___________________make all the difference.(过去分词作后置定语） 少时养成的好习惯使人受益终身。 2._______________________________________is a really big challenge.（动名词短语作主语） 从初中过渡到高中真是一项巨大的挑战。 3.My advisor _______________________________________________ because I like English and I’m good at it.（recommend后加that引导的宾语从句） 我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学，因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错。 4.It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation ___________________ computer games and the online world.  (it作形式主语，真正的主语是后边的不定式） 对于你们这一代的青少年来说, 喜欢电脑游戏和网络世界并不罕见。 5.But _____________________________ is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus other things in life. （动名词短语作主语）   但是在网上花费太多的时间是不健康的, 并且让你很难集中精力在生活中的其他事情上。 四.课文语法填空 (1） Hi! My name is Adam and I’m a freshman at senior high school. 1.__________ (go) from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. The first week was a little 2.__________ (confuse). First, I had to think very 3. __________ (careful) about which courses I wanted to take. The school adviser helped me choose the 4.__________ (suit) ones: maths, English, chemistry, world history, and Chinese. I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, 5.__________ I hope to be fluent when I graduate. My adviser recommended that I 6.___________( sign) up for 7.__________ (advance) literature because I like English and I’m good at it. I had to choose extra-curricular 8. __________ (activity), too. I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough. 9. __________ (obvious), I was unhappy, but I won’t quit. I’ll find a way 10.__________ (improve) on my own so that I can make the team next year. I joined a volunteer club instead. Every Wednesday, we work at a soup kitchen and hand out food 11.__________ homeless people in the community. I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being 12.__________ (responsibility) for a lot more. I’m a bit worried about 13.__________ (keep) up with the other students in my advanced course, and it’ll be quite difficult 14.__________ (get) used to all the homework. Still, I’m happy to be there.15. __________ (study) hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well 16. __________ (prepare) for university or 17. __________ else comes in the future. (2） Dear Worried Friend, You wrote that you are very 18. __________ (worry) about your friend, Chen Lei. I understand quite well that you are anxious and feel terrible. You think that your friend plays computer games too often and spends too much time online. I recommend that you 19.__________(talk) to your friend about his20. __________ (behave). It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation 21.__________ (attract) to computer games and the online world. But 22.__________ (spend) too much time online is 23._________(healthy) and makes 24. __________ very difficult to focus 25.__________ other things in life. Some students even become 26. __________ (addict) to the Internet and cannot concentrate 27.__________ school and family life. I think you should encourage your friend 28. __________ (try) new hobbies. Why not 29. _________(discuss) the problem together? I am sure he will listen to you, 30.__________ you are his good friend. 经典练答案 1. 默写重点单词 l.teenager 2.debate 3.title 4.content 5.movement 6.literature 7.extra 8.schedule 9.quit 10.focus 11.youth 12.expert 13.generation 14.adult 15.prefer, preference 16.suit,suitable 17.actual,actually 18.challenge,challenging 19.confuse,confused, confusing 20.fluent, fluently, fluency 21.graduate,graduation 22.recommend,recommendation 23.advance,advanced 24.obvious, obviously 25.solve, solution 26.edit,editor,edition 27.survive,survivor,survival 28.behave,behavior 29.adventure,adventurous 30.attract, attractive,attraction 二.词汇运用 1.teenagers 2.schedule 3.content 4. addicted 5.challenges 6. recommended 7.behavior 8.quit 9.confused,confusing 10.responsibility 11.advanced, advance 12. attracted, attractive, attraction 13. fluent, fluently 14. preferred 15.joining 三．重点句型 1. formed at youth 2. Going from junior high school to senior high school 3. recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature 4.to be attracted to 5.spending too much time online 四.课文语法填空 1.Going 2.confusing 3.carefully 4.suitable 5.but 6.(should) sign 7. advanced 8. activities 9. Obviously 10. to improve 11.to 12.responsible 13. keeping 14. to get 15.Studying 16.prepared 17. whatever 18.worried 19.(should) talk 20. behavior 21. to be attracted 22. spending 23. unhealthy 24. it 25. on 26. addicted 27.on 28. to try 29. discuss 30.since 三、语法清单 名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语 　　以一个名词、形容词或副词为中心，加上其自带的修饰语所形成的一个词组分别叫做名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语。比如，the English book on the desk书桌上的英语书，中心词book是名词，该短语就是名词短语，功能相当于单个名词，可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。再如，five meters long 5米长的，中心词long是形容词，该短语就是形容词短语，功能相当于单个形容词，可在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等。 一、名词短语(Noun Phrase) 名词短语指以一个名词为中心的短语，即带上了定语的名词。 情景导学 I want to join some interesting clubs. 我想加入一些有趣的社团。(含限定词、形容词) It's amusing to watch a sleeping baby. 观察一个睡着的婴儿很有意思。(含冠词、现在分词) Pass me the coffee cup，please. 请把那个咖啡杯递给我。(含冠词、名词) The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my brother. 这个穿蓝色牛仔裤的可爱男孩是我的弟弟。(含冠词、形容词及现在分词短语) The cute boy who is wearing blue jeans is my brother. 这个穿蓝色牛仔裤的可爱男孩是我的弟弟。(含冠词、形容词及定语从句) The fact that he was very poor surprised us. 他很穷这个事实让我们很吃惊。(含冠词、同位语从句) Do you know the reason for his absence?你知道他缺席的原因吗?(含冠词、介词短语) 用法归纳 (1)组成：前置定语[限定词(冠词、代词等)、形容词、名词、单个的动名词/现在分词/过去分词]+中心名词+后置定语(介词短语、形容词短语、非谓语动词短语、定语从句、同位语从句) 有些名词后的介词是固定的，需要特别去记，如the reason for. . . 、a ban on. . . 、a reply to. . . 、access to. . . 等。 (2)功能：名词短语在句中通常作①　　    、②　　    、表语或宾语补足语等。 二、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase) 形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心、带着它的修饰语的短语，整体可以当作一个形容词来理解和使用。 情景导学 She is a very successful writer. 她是一位非常成功的作家。(含程度副词) He was best known for his novels. 他以其小说最为知名。(含程度副词和介词短语) They had to cross a river about 100 meters wide. 他们不得不渡过一条大约100 米宽的河。(含副词、数词、名词) What he said is hard to understand. 他说的话挺难懂。(含不定式) The book is really worth reading. 这本书真的值得读。(含动名词) You can go to school when you're old enough. 你够年龄了就可以上学了。(含程度副词enough) We should work hard to make our country rich and strong. 我们应该努力工作使我们的国家富强。(含并列连词) The boy is neither stupid nor lazy. 这个男孩既不笨也不懒。(含并列连词) 用法归纳 (1)组成：程度副词+形容词；形容词+介词短语；数词+名词+形容词；形容词+enough；形容词+并列连词+形容词；形容词+不定式/动名词。 (2)功能：形容词短语在句中通常修饰名词或代词，在句中作④　表语  、⑤　定语    或宾语补足语等。 三、副词短语(Adverb Phrase) 　　副词短语指以一个副词为中心的短语。 情景导学 He ran so fast that I couldn't catch up with him. 他跑得太快我追不上他。(含程度副词) He would go over his work again and again. 他会反复检查他的工作。(含并列连词) Strangely enough，she didn't get married. 非常奇怪的是，她没结婚。(含程度副词enough) 用法归纳 (1)组成：程度副词+副词；副词+enough；副词+并列连词+副词。 (2)功能：副词短语在句中作状语，通常修饰⑥　动词   或整个句子。 即时巩固 写出画线部分属于什么短语及在句中所作的成分 1. The most outgoing boy in our class is Jack. (属于　名词短语   ；在句中作　主语    ) 2. She asks some questions very curiously. (属于　副词短语    ；在句中作　状语    ) 3. She was so anxious and frightened that she couldn’t fall asleep. (属于　形容词短语   ；在句中作　表语    ) 4. I'm looking forward to a trip to Europe. (属于　名词短语    ；在句中作　宾语    ) 5. Working out makes you energetic and healthy. (属于　形容词短语  ；在句中作　宾语补足语  ) 6. Surprisingly enough，he disliked our writing style. (属于　副词短语    ；在句中作　状语  ) 7. It's the best lecture that I have ever attended this week. (属于　名词短语   ；在句中作　表语   ) 四、写作: 建议信----要求我们就有关问题进行分析, 并针对这些问题提出自己的看法和建议。 （一）常用词汇 1.have trouble in doing/with 在……有些麻烦 2.communicate with 与……交流 3.feel lonely 感到孤独 4.ask for advice on... 征求关于……的建议 5.suggestion n. 建议 6.overcome v. 克服;解决 7.get along well with 和……相处得很好 8.make it 做到;成功;达到目标 9.make friends 交朋友 10.as far as I am concerned/in my opinion 就我而言/在我看来 （二）话题句式 1.建议信开头常用句式 (1)Here are some tips/a few suggestions to help you. 这里有一些建议可以帮助你。 (2)I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to get along well with your classmates.我很高兴收到你的来信,询问我关于如何与同学好好相处的建议。 (3)I think you can make it if you follow the advice below. 如果你听从以下建议,我认为你会做到。 2.表达建议常用句式 (1)First(ly), why not join a club? If you do this, you can make friends.首先,为什么不加入一个俱乐部呢?如果你这样做的话,你能交到朋友。 (2)Second(ly), you should/can try to talk with others. Then/That way, you will feel better. 其次,你应该/可以试着与人交谈。这样,你会感觉好点。 (3)Third，it would be a good idea if you read a book or listen to music. By doing this, you will calm yourself down. 第三，看书或听音乐将会是一个不错的主意。这样做会让自己平静下来。 (4)Last but not least, you should talk with her first.最后但同样重要的是,你应该先和她谈一谈。 (5)As far as I am concerned/In my opinion, you should help each other.就我而言/在我看来,你们应该互相帮助。 3.建议信结尾常用句式 (1)I believe that with your efforts, you can manage to overcome these difficulties. 我相信,在你的努力下,你会成功克服这些困难的。 (2)As time goes on, people will know more about you and be willing to make friends with you if you can follow the above.如果你遵循以上建议,随着时间的推移,人们会更加了解你并且愿意和你交朋友。 （三）必背短文模板: Dear XXX,  I am very glad to hear that you want to seek some suggestions about _____________________________. / I am writing to express my views concerning_____________________________. / You have asked me for my advice with regard to _____________________________in order to_____________________________.  In my opinion / Personally speaking / As far as I am concerned, I highly recommend that... / You would be wise to take the following actions. On the one hand / Firstly / In the first place,_____________________________. On the other hand / Secondly / In the second place, _____________________________. Besides / In addition / Furthermore, it is unnecessary for you to _____________________________. Consequently / In a word / In conclusion, I believe that _____________________________.  I hope that my opinions are of help to you, and please feel free to contact me for more questions. / I am looking forward to your consideration about my proposals. Thanks in advance for that. Yours sincerely, Li Hua （四）写作应用体验　 假定你是李华, 请你根据下表内容, 给你校校长写一封建议信。 现状：吃午饭时人太多, 排队需要花很长时间;还有不少同学占座位, 这使很多同学吃午饭时没有座位可坐 措施：禁止占座位;不同年级的学生可以轮流吃午饭, 如可以让高年级的同学晚十分钟去吃午饭;有条件的话, 再建一个食堂 注意:1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯; 3.开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。 范文： Dear Headmaster, 　　I'm writing to make some suggestions for improving the dining conditions of our school.Because too many students have lunch in the dining room, it takes quite a long time to queue. Worse still, some even occupy seats for their friends or classmates, which makes quite a few students unable to find tables to sit at.   　　Immediate measures must be taken to solve the problem. First, it must be forbidden to occupy seats. Second, students in different grades can take turns to have lunch. For example, those in higher grades can have lunch 10 minutes later. Anyway, the best way is to build a new dining room, if possible.  　　I am looking forward to your consideration about my suggestions. Yours, Li Hua 【经典练】 【基础训练】 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Ted was really 　　　　 by the 　　　　 problem which also 　　　　 other people for a long time.(confuse)  2.We’ll be 　　　　 for your safety and you need to take 　　　　 for your actions.(responsible)  3.My brother is a 　　　　 in physics and he 　　　　 from Peking University.He has been working in a famous company after 　　　　.(graduate)  4.What 　　　　 me most in Beijing is that there are many 　　　　,like the Great Wall and the Summer Palace.They are so 　　　　 as to 　　　　 eyes from every corner of the world.(attract)  5.The computer 　　　　 his needs well as it is 　　　　 for programming. (suit)  6.Share your 　　　　 with us so we can work together to solve your most 　　　　 problems.(challenge)  7.When I was a kid,I 　　　　 cold colors,like blue and yellow.But now I enjoy warm colors more.I think color 　　　　 varies as people get old.(prefer)  8.Freedom 　　　　 does not mean doing what one likes and it is equally 　　　　 that one can never totally do what one likes.(obvious)  1.I am thinking of 　　　　　　　　(报名参加) the French course.  2.Next time I 　　　　　　　　(将为……做好准备) the exam.  3.Don’t be shy.You’ll quickly 　　　　　　　　(习惯于) starting conversations with people.  4.If you can’t finish the work 　　　　　　　　(靠自己),just call me.  5.The mayor is thought to 　　　　　　　　(对……负责) as many as four deaths.  6.Because of his illness,Peter couldn’t 　　　　　　　　　　　　(跟上) the rest of the class and fell badly behind.  7.I think that this house will 　　　　　　　　(对……适合) your family.  8.I went through about four years of 　　　　　　　　(对……入迷) video Ⅲ.句式仿写 1.我们建议,如果你想观看电视节目,试着晚一点在孩子睡着后再看。(recommend引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气) We recommend that if you want to watch your TV shows,　　　　　　　　　　　　 later when your children are asleep.  2.她向我借钱,以便可以买一双新鞋。(so that引导目的状语从句) She borrowed money from me 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  3.他将愿意接受能得到的任何东西。(whatever引导名词性从句) He’ll be ready to accept 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  4.宇宙飞船使去月球旅行成为可能。(make it+宾补+to do sth.) Spaceships 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  【能力提升】 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A We talk continuously about how to make children more “resilient(有恢复力的)”,but whatever we are doing,it’s not working.Rates of anxiety disorders and depression are rising rapidly among teenagers.What are we doing wrong? Nassim Taleb invented the word “antifragile” and used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks,challenges,and disorder.The immune system is one of them: it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens(过敏源)in childhood in order to develop to its full ability. Children’s social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems.If we overprotect kids and keep them “safe” from unpleasant social situations and negative emotions we deprive(剥夺)them of the challenges and opportunities for skill-building they need to grow strong.Such children are likely to suffer more when exposed later to other unpleasant but ordinary life events,such as teasing and social rejection. It’s not the kids’ fault.In the UK,as in the US,parents became much more fearful in the 1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone,more and more,to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less.Outdoor play and independent mobility went down; screen time and adult-monitored activities went up. Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement,take small risks,and learn to deal with small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical competence.Depriving them of free play prevents their social-emotional growth.Norwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter and Leif Kennair warned: “We may observe an increased anxiety or mental disorders in society if children are forbidden from participating in age adequate risky play.” They wrote those words in 2011.Over the following few years,their prediction came true.Kids born after 1994 are suffering from much higher rates of anxiety disorders and depression than the previous generation did.Besides,there is also a rise in the rate at which teenage girls are admitted to hospital for deliberately harming themselves. What can we do to change these trends? How can we raise kids strong enough to handle the ordinary and extraordinary challenges of life? We can’t guarantee that giving primary school children more independence today will bring down the rate of teenage suicide tomorrow.The links between childhood overprotection and teenage mental illness are suggestive but not clear-cut.Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile kids of the wide range of experiences they need to become strong,we are systematically preventing their growth.We should let go—and let them grow. 1.Why does the author mention the immune system in Paragraph 2? A.To stress its importance. B.To analyze the cause of anxiety. C.To question the latest discovery. D.To help understand a new word. 2.Parents overprotect children because 　　　　.  A.they want to keep children from being teased B.they are concerned about their children’s safety C.parent-monitored activities are a must D.children are not independent enough 3.According to the author,free play can 　　　　.  A.develop children’s leadership skills B.strengthen children’s friendship C.reduce children’s risky behavior D.promote children’s resilience 4.Which of the following does the author probably agree with? A.Stop trying to perfect your child. B.It takes great courage to raise children. C.Prepare the child for the road,not the road for the child. D.While we try to teach our children all about life,our children teach us what life is all about. B Katie always knew she wanted to be a performer.She was crazy about musicals and Disney movies from an early age and would often watch them singing along with her mom,Karen.When Katie was nine years old,her happy childhood took a turn when her mother was diagnosed with cancer.Then they made a decision.Disney World had been a long-time dream vacation for Karen.So in November 1997,the family packed up and headed to Disney World. They spent their days in the parks,seeing the sights,greeting characters,and watching Karen’s face light up with joy.They all shared the joy of experiencing the park for the first time with Karen.Katie says she’ll never forget the moment that changed her life on that trip.After a long day,the Whetsells decided to see one of Disney World’s nightly light shows.While watching,a Disney cast member performing in the parade came up to her mom and rested her hand on Karen’s shoulder.This was the day Katie decided she wanted to work for Disney. Sadly,Katie’s mom Karen lost her battle with cancer on June 2,2003.Katie went on to pursue her dream. After Katie received her degree in musical theatre,Katie struggled for years,trying to make it as an actor.Her hard work and passion finally paid off when she was hired to work on Disney Cruise Lines in 2009 and later as a performer in Disney on Classic. Since then,Katie has had many opportunities to play with some of her favorite Disney characters,but Katie’s favorite friend is Dory in Finding Nemo at Disney World’s Animal Kingdom.Several times a week,Katie can be found voicing lovable,forgetful Dory.She says that Dory has taught her the value of living in the present moment and to “just keep swimming”. 5.Why did the family decide to visit Disney World? A.To spend Katie’s dream vacation. B.To help Katie be a performer. C.To make Karen’s dream come true. D.To enjoy the last family trip. 6.What really urges Katie to work for Disney? A.Karen was diagnosed with cancer. B.The family shared the joy together in the park. C.They saw a Disney World’s nightly light show. D.A Disney performer had some interaction with Karen. 7.Why was Katie fond of Dory in Finding Nemo? A.Because Dory taught her some life lessons. B.Because Katie enjoyed voicing lovable Dory. C.Because Dory played with a Disney character. D.Because Katie had opportunities to swim with Dory. 8.Which of the following can best describe Katie? A.Humorous and honest. B.Hard-working and determined. C.Optimistic and serious. D.Outgoing and patient. Ⅱ.完形填空 Fourth grader,Sarah Haycox,made it her mission to right a wrong.And in doing so,she has shown the world what one 　1　 person,with passion,can do.  One day,when 　2　 by an athletic field near her school,Sarah noticed a small 　3　 with the name Edwin T.Pratt and the year 1930-1969 on it.She 　4　 who he was and what he did.  After some 　5　,she learned that he was a civil rights leader who had done many good things to 　6　 others.　7　,he was killed just because someone disagreed with what he was doing.  Feeling that the small memorial was 　8　 big enough for a man who had so much 　9　 on others,Sarah 　10　 to do something!  There was a new 　11　 going up nearby for young kids.She found out who were 　12　 the building project and asked them if it could be named after Mr.Pratt.Through great efforts,her vision came to reality! Almost 50 years after his death,Edwin Pratt’s life and impact will be celebrated as the name of the new school.  Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr.Pratt was.But Sarah had the 　13　 to learn more,the vision to imagine something better and the courage to 　14　 her idea.Her amazing actions have 　15　 many other young people around the world.  1.A.honest B.young C.clever D.shy 2.A.walking B.running C.riding D.driving 3.A.museum B.church C.board D.memorial 4.A.forgot B.realized C.wondered D.explained 5.A.discussion B.research C.practice D.thought 6.A.teach B.rescue C.help D.repay 7.A.Sadly B.Basically C.Gradually D.Lastly 8.A.rarely B.simply C.merely D.hardly 9.A.impact B.impression C.reflection D.dependence 10.A.stopped B.decided C.happened D.announced 11.A.library B.theatre C.school D.hospital 12.A.in need of B.in search of C.in favour of D.in charge of 13.A.curiosity B.confidence C.chance D.energy 14.A.prove B.change C.present D.pursue 15.A.astonished B.inspired C.attracted D.protected 参考答案 【基础训练】 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.confused;confusing;confused　2.responsible;responsibility　3.graduate;graduated;graduation 4.attracts;attractions;attractive;attract　5.suits;suitable　6.challenges;challenging　7.preferred;preference　8.obviously;obvious Ⅱ.短语达标 1.signing up for　2.will be well prepared for 3.get used to　4.on your own　5.be responsible for 6.keep up with　7.be suitable for　8.being addicted to Ⅲ.句式仿写 1.you should try watching them　2.so that she could buy a new pair of shoes　3.whatever he can get　4.make it possible to travel to the moon 【能力提升】 Ⅰ.阅读 1.D　推理判断题。第二段提到,免疫系统是a small but very important class of systems之一,这用来帮助读者理解antifragile这个新词,故选D。 2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段中keep them“safe” from unpleasant social situations and negative emotions可知,父母过分保护孩子,是因为他们担心孩子的安全,故选B。 3.D　推理判断题。根据第五段第一句可知,自由玩耍可以增强儿童的适应力。故选D。 4.C　推理判断题。由最后一段中的We should let go—and let them grow.可推知,作者可能同意的观点是让孩子为路做准备,而不是为孩子准备路。故选C。 5.C　细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句可知这家人决定去迪士尼是为了实现Karen的梦想。故选C项。 6.D　细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知Katie想为迪士尼工作的原因是一个迪士尼演员和母亲进行了互动。故选D项。 7.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知Katie喜欢Dory的原因是Dory教会了她一些人生的道理。故选A项。 8.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Her hard work and passion“她的努力和激情”可知,Katie是一个努力并且有决心的人。故选B项。 Ⅱ.完形填空 1.B　上文提到“四年级的 Sarah Haycox”,由此可知此处表示年轻人。故选B。 2.A　根据最后一段第一句 “Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr.Pratt was.” 可知,此处她是 “走过” 运动场。故选A。 3.D　根据最后一段第一句 “Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr.Pratt was.”可知,此处应是她注意到的一块小“纪念碑”。故 选D。 4.C　根据第三段第一句可知,她做了一些研究,最后知道了纪念碑主人的身份。故可推知,此处表示“想知道” 。故选C。 5.B　依据后面她得知的结果可知,她做了一些“研究,调查”。故选B。 6.C　根据上文可知,Edwin T.Pratt是一位民权领袖。人们给他树立了纪念碑,由此我们可推知,他一定帮助过很多人。故选C。 7.A　根据后文he was killed just because someone disagreed with what he was doing可知,有人不同意他的做法,所以他被杀害,这让人们感到可悲。故选A。 8.D　根据上文可知,Edwin T.Pratt 是一位民权领袖,同时他为人们做了很多好事。由此可知,一个小小的纪念碑是不够的。另外根据后文可知,Sarah觉得纪念碑几乎不够大,所以她找了一所学校来以他的名字命名。故选D。 9.A　前文提到了作为一位民权领袖,他帮助了很多人。同时Sarah 觉得一个小小的纪念碑是不够的,这说明他 “影响” 了很多人。故选A。 10.B　由下文可知Sarah 为了纪念这位民权领袖,找了一所愿意以Edwin T.Pratt命名的学校。由此可推知,此处表示Sarah决定做点什么。故选B。 11.C　根据倒数第二段最后一句提到的 “新学校” 可知,此处新建的是一所儿童学校。故选 C。 12.D　根据下文提到的Through great efforts,her vision came to reality 可知,她的想法最终成为现实。由此可推知,她找到了 “负责” 这个建筑项目的人。故选D。 13.A　根据上文第4 题提到的 “她想知道他是谁,他干了什么事” 可知,Sarah拥有好奇心。故此处的 curiosity 和第4题的wonder相呼应。故选A。 14.D　上文提到Sarah觉得纪念碑太小,不足以纪念这位民权领袖,于是就找到一所新建学校的负责人,成功说服了他以 Edwin T.Pratt来给学校命名。由此可见Sarah有追求自己想法的勇气。故选D。 15.B　此处和文章第一段构成首尾呼应。第一段提到她向世界展示了一个充满激情的年轻人可以做到的事情,由此可知,她的行为 “激励” 了世界各地的其他年轻人。故选B。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Teenage Life（知识清单）学习内容导览 分类 具体内容要点 单词清单 核心词汇、高频词、派生词、词性转换 短语清单 动词短语（graduate from）、介词短语（in one’s teens在某人十几岁的时候）、固定搭配（have a preference for） 句型清单 重点句型结构（如 It is + adj.+for sb + to do）、so that常用表达 语法清单 名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语 写作清单 建议信--写作模板、高分句型、常用话题素材 单元精练 词性转换题,语法专练 单元考点精讲 单词 清单 I.基础单词 1．teenage adj. 十几岁的；青少年的 2．volunteer n.志愿者 3．debate n.辩论；争论 4．prefer vt. 较喜欢 Preference n偏爱;优待;偏爱的事物/人 prefer... to... 喜欢……多于…… 5．suitable adj. 合适的；适用的 suitable for 对……适合的 6．actually adv. 事实上；的确 actual adj.实际的；真实的 7.challenge n.挑战；艰巨任务 challenging adj.有挑战性的vt.怀疑 8.confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑 confused adj. 糊涂的；迷惑的 be confused about对...感到迷惑 9.fluent adj.流利的;熟练的 10.recommend vt. 建议;推荐；介绍 recommend doing sth.建议做某事 recommend sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事 recommendation n.提议；建议；推荐11.graduate vi.&vt.毕业 n.毕业生 II.核心单词 12.advanced adj. 高级的；高等的；先进 advance n.前进；发展；促进 13. advanced adj. 先进的；高级的 14. extra adj. 额外的；附加的 15. obviously adv. 显然；明显地 16. quit vi.&vt. 停止；戒掉；离开 17. responsible adj. 负责的；有责任的 responsibility n. 责任；义务 be responsible for 对……负责 18. editor n. 主编；编辑；编者 19. adventure n. 冒险；奇遇 20. youth n. 青年时期；青春 21. expert n. 专家；行家adj. 熟练的 22. behavior n. 行为；举止 23. generation n. 一代（人） 24. focus vi.&vt.集中精力等n. 焦点 focus on 集中；特别关注 25.addicted adj. 有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的 26.addictive adj. 使人上瘾的 Addiction n. 瘾；入迷；嗜好 adult n.成年人adj.成年的 短语 清单 1. in one’s teens 在某人十几岁的时候2.volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事 2. have a preference for 对...偏爱 3. 4.be confused about 对...感到困惑 5.graduate from 毕业于 6.in advance 提前 7.It is obvious that... 显然地； 明显地 8.It is apparent that... 显然地； 明显地 9.quit doing sth 放弃做某事 10.as scheduled 按照预定时间，如期 11.on schedule 准时 12.The early bird catches the worm. 先到先得。早期的鸟儿有虫吃。 13.Always prepare for a rainy day.未雨绸缪 14.Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。 15.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍，聪明的孩子也变傻。 16.Distance tests a horse’s strength. Time reveals a person’s character.路遥知马力，日久见人心。 17.have a good knowledge of 对...很了解 18.on one’s own 独自 19.be responsible for 对...负责 20.get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事 21.be faced with sth 面临某事 22.practise doing sth 练习做某事 23.make a recommendation that... 推荐/建议. 24.generation gap 代沟 25.become addicted to 沉迷于...,对...上瘾 26.concentrate on 聚精会神于 27.drop out of 退出，不参与 28.give sb some advice on给某人一些关于.建议 26.graduate from 毕业于 29.sign up for 报名参加 30.be expert at/in 擅长... 31.have a good command of 对...掌握得 33.generation gap 代沟 34.be attracted to  喜爱 35.be addicted to  对……很入迷 36.happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 37.It happened that... 碰巧... 38.be suitable for 适合于 39.decide to do sth 决定做某事 40.have no choice but to do sth别无选择只好做某事 拓展 单词 拓展单词 1. teenage adj.十几岁的(指13至19岁) ;青少年的→teenager n. (13至19岁的)青少年 2. volunteer n.志愿者→voluntary adj.自愿的;志愿的 3. debate vi.&vt.争论;辩论n.辩论;争论→debatable adj.可争辩的→debater n.辩论者 4. prefer vt.较喜欢→preference n.偏爱,优先;偏爱的事物/人→preferable adj.更好的,更可取的(客观上)/preferred adj.优先权的;首选的(主观上) 5. movement n.动作;运动;活动→move vt.& vi.移动;搬家 vt.使感动 6. suitable adj.合适的;适用的→unsuitable adj.不合适的→suit vt.适合;适宜于 n.套装,西装 7. actually adv.事实上;的确→actual adj.实际的;真实的 8. challenge n.挑战;艰巨任务 vt.怀疑;向…挑战→challenging adj.有挑战性的→challenged adj.伤残的;有残疾的 9. confuse vt.使糊涂;使迷惑→confusing adj.难以理解的;不清楚的→confused adj.糊涂的;迷惑的→confusion n.混乱;混淆 10. fluent adj. (尤指外语)流利的;熟练的→fluently adv.流利地→fluency n.流利;流畅 11. graduate vi.&vt.毕业;获得学位 n.毕业生→graduation n.毕业→postgraduate n.研究生→undergraduate n.本科生 12. recommend vt.建议;推荐;介绍→recommendation n.建议;推荐 13. advance n.前进;发展vi.前进;发展vt.发展;促进→advanced adj.高级的;高等的;先进的 14. literature n.文学;文献资料→literary adj.文学的 15. obviously adv.明显地;显然→obvious adj.明显的;显而易见的 16. responsible adj.负责的;有责任的→responsibly adv.负责地→responsibility n.责任;义务 17. solution n.解决办法;答案→solve vt.解决 18. editor n.主编;编辑→edit vt.编辑;剪辑→edition n.版本;版次 19. adventure n.冒险;奇遇→adventurous adj.有冒险精神的→adventurer n.冒险家 20. youth n.青年时期;青春→youthful adj.年轻的;经验尚浅的→young adj.年轻的;幼小的 21. survive vi.&vt.幸存;比…活得长→survival n.生存;幸存;幸存事物→survivor n.幸存者 22.expert n.专家adj.专家的;内行的→expertise n.专门知识;专门技能[ˌekspɜːˈtiːz] 23.behavio(u)r n.行为;举止→behave v.举止,表现 24.generation n.一代人→ generate vt.产生,引起 25.attract vt.吸引;引起→attraction n.吸引;吸引人的事物;景点→attractive adj.有吸引力的 26.focus vi.&vt.集中(精力,注意力等) ; (使)调节焦距 n.中心;重点;焦点→focused adj.注意力集中的;专注的 27. addict n.对…入迷的人;吸毒成瘾的人→addicted adj.有瘾的;上瘾的;入迷的→addiction n.着迷;上瘾 28. adult n.成年人 adj.成年的;成熟的→adulthood n.成年时期 熟词 生义 熟词生义 1.challenge n.挑战；艰巨任务 v.向...挑战 【熟词生义】 v.怀疑；质疑 She does not like anyone challenging her authority.她不喜欢任何人挑战她的权威。 2.extra adj.额外的；附加的 adv.额外；另外 n.额外的事物 【熟词生义】 adv.特别 You need to be extra careful not to make any mistakes.你要格外小心，别犯错误。 3.survival n.生存；幸存 【熟词生义】 n.幸存事物 survival of the fittest 适者生存 4.focus n.中心；重点 n.焦点 vi&vt.集中（精力、注意力等）； 【熟词生义】 vi&vt.（使）调节焦距 In this scene, the camera focuses on the actor's face.在这个镜头中，摄影机对准演员的脸部。 n.焦距 The children's faces are badly out of focus in the photograph.照片上孩子们的脸模糊不清。 句型 清单 重点句型 sentence 1 译文　因为我喜欢且擅长英语，所以我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学。 Sentence 2 译文　我有点担心在我的高级课程中跟不上其他学生，要习惯所有的作业也非常困难。 Sentence 3 译文　努力学习并不总是有趣的，但我会为大学或未来发生的任何其他事情做好充分准备。 Sentence 4 译文　但是花太多的时间上网是不健康的，而且让人很难把精力集中在生活中的其他事情上。 语法 清单 名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语 二、知识点精讲 知识点1. 1. 1.volunteer n. 志愿者v. 自告奋勇 情景导学 To my surprise，they volunteered me for/as the general manager of the company. 令我吃惊的是，他们举荐我当公司的总经理。 用法归纳 ①volunteer 　to do    sth. 自告奋勇做某事；自愿做某事 ②volunteer (sth. ) for/　as   sth. 自愿做 ③volunteer sb. 　for/as     sth. (未经当事人同意)举荐某人做…… 词汇拓展 ①voluntary adj. 自愿的；志愿的 ②voluntarily adv. 自愿地；志愿地 2. prefer vt. 较喜欢 I prefer helping others. 我更喜欢帮助别人。  情景导学 I prefer you to wait for me at the bus stop. 我更希望你在公共汽车站等我。 I prefer riding a bike to taking the subway to the park. 比起乘地铁去公园，我更喜欢骑自行车去。 用法归纳 Prefer to do /doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 prefer. . . to    . . . 喜欢……多于…… prefer doing A to doing　    B 比起做B，更喜欢做A Prefer to do   A rather than do  B 宁愿做A也不愿做B prefer sb. to do  sth. 更希望某人做某事 特别提醒 ①prefer的过去式和过去分词需要先双写r，再加-ed，即preferred、preferred。 ②prefer表示“like. . . better”，其本身含有比较意义，故不与表示比较的more或better连用。 ③prefer不用于进行时。 词汇拓展 ①preference n. 喜爱；偏爱 have a preference for. . . 偏爱…… give (a) preference to优待 Most companies give preference to interviewees with some experience. 大多数公司会优先录用有一些经验的面试者。 ②preferable adj. 更好的；更可取的 3. suitable adj. 合适的；适用的 情景导学 We will find a suitable place to have a picnic/for a picnic. 我们会找一个适合野餐的地方。 The pen is not suitable to use in very cold weather. 这种钢笔不适合在非常寒冷的天气使用。 用法归纳 ①a suitable place/time/. . . 　to do    sth. /for sth. 适合做某事的地点/时间/…… ②be suitable 　for    . . . 适合…… ③be suitable 　 to do   sth. 适合做某事 词汇拓展 ①suit vt. (服装、款式、颜色等)适合(某人)；合……心意；适宜，有利于 n. 套装；西服 •That color doesn't suit her. 那种颜色不适合她。 ②suited adj. 合适的；适宜的；般配的 be suited to/for sb. /sth. 适合某人或某物 •He is not really suited for a teaching career. 他不大适合做老师。 易混辨析 suit 指符合某人的需要、口味、性格、条件等，或服装、颜色、款式等适合 fit 强调尺寸或形状上的适合 match 1. 多指两个物体大小、色调、形状、性质等方面很相配，显得很协调； 2. 指在能力、水平上“与……相匹敌” •The carpets match the curtains very well. 地毯和窗帘很配。 4. challenge n. 挑战；艰巨任务 vt. 怀疑；向……挑战 Stay with positive people who challenge you to be better. 和积极乐观的人在一起，他们激励你变得更好。 I became confident enough to challenge the good players to the table tennis. 我变得有足够的信心向优秀的乒乓球运动员挑战。 用法归纳 名①　face   a challenge/challenges面对挑战 ②　meet    /rise to a/the challenge迎接挑战 ③accept/take up/take on a/the challenge接受挑战 动④challenge sb. to   sth. 向某人挑战某事 challenge sb. to do  sth. 激励某人做某事；强烈建议某人做某事 词汇拓展 challenging adj. 挑战性的 challenging work/careers具有挑战性的工作/职业 ②challenger n. 挑战者 5. confusing adj. 难以理解的；不清楚的 The first week was a little confusing. 第一周过得有点晕头转向。 词汇拓展 ①confused adj. 糊涂的；迷惑的；混乱的 be confused about. . . 对……感到迷惑 ②confuse vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑；(将……)混淆 confuse A and/with B将A和B混淆 ③confusion n. 不确定；困惑；混淆；困窘；混乱 in confusion困窘地 confusion about/over/as to. . . 关于……的困惑/不确定 •Jack looked at his friend in confusion，curious to know what was in the box. 杰克困窘地看着他的朋友，想知道箱子里有什么。 易混辨析 confused 1. 通常修饰人或人的表情、情绪，指人无法清晰地思考或无法理解发生的事情或某人说的话；2. 指事物混乱、不清楚 confusing 指事物不清楚、令人困惑或难以理解 6. graduate vi. & vt. 毕业；获得学位 n. 毕业生 情景导学 Lisa graduated from our school last June and is about to go to college in New York. 莉萨去年六月从我们学校毕业了，即将去纽约上大学。  用法归纳 ①graduate 　 from    +学校 毕业于……学校 graduate　in    +专业 毕业于……专业 词汇拓展 graduation n. (大学或美国高中的)毕业；毕业典礼 7. recommend vt. 建议；推荐；介绍 My adviser recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I'm good at it. 因为我喜欢且擅长英语，所以我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学。 情景导学 I recommend you to read some classics and exchange ideas with me. 我建议你读一些名著并和我交流思想。  Our English teacher strongly recommended China Daily to us. 我们的英语老师向我们强烈推荐《中国日报》。 用法归纳 ①recommend sb. 　to do     sth. 建议某人做某事 ②recommend　 doing    sth. 建议做某事 ③recommend sth. 　to   sb. 向某人推荐某物 ④recommend that. . . [that从句的谓语用“　(should+)动词原形   ”]建议…… ⑤It’s recommended that. . . [that从句的谓语用“　 (should+)动词原形    ”]据建议…… ⑥recommend sb. 　as   /for. . . 推荐某人当……/担任……职位 词汇拓展 recommendation n. 正式建议；推荐；介绍；推荐信 make a/one recommendation (to sb. for/on/about sth. ) (关于某事向某人)提议 on one's recommendation在某人的建议/推荐下 On your recommendation，I signed up for many extra-curricular activities. 在你的建议下，我报名参加了很多课外活动。 8. advanced adj. 高级的；高等的；先进的 词汇拓展 advance n. 前进；发展 vi. 前进；发展 vt. 发展；促进 in advance (of sth. )(时间上)在……前；预先；事先；超前 make an advance/advances in. . . 在……方面取得进步/进展 advance towards/on. . . 朝……前进 Galileo's ideas were well in advance of the age in which he lived. 伽利略的思想远远超越了他所处的时代。 •We have made great advances in the treatment of cancer. 我们在治疗癌症方面取得了巨大的进步。 9. quit vi. & vt. (quit，quit)停止；戒掉；离开(工作职位、学校等) Obviously，I was unhappy，but I won't quit. 显然，我不开心，但我不会放弃。 情景导学 Alcoholics who want to quit drinking can avoid booze，but how do we give up our phones? 想要戒酒的酗酒者可以避免饮酒，但我们怎么才能放弃手机呢? 用法归纳 ①quit 　doing    sth. 停止做某事 ②quit as. . . 辞去……的职务 ③quit one's job　辞职    ④quit school 辍学 10. responsible adj. 负责的；有责任的 情景导学 The general manager should be responsible to the board. 总经理应该对董事会负责。 用法归纳 ①be responsible for(　doing   )sth. 负责(做)某事 ②be responsible　for    . . . 对……(事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任 ③be responsible　to    . . . 对……(上级或领导者)负责 词汇拓展 responsibility n. 责任；义务 have responsibility[for(doing). . . ]有[(做)……的]责任 take responsibility[for(doing). . . ]承担[(做)……的]责任 It's one's responsibility to do sth. 做某事是某人的责任。 shoulder/take on responsibility肩负/承担责任 a sense of responsibility责任感 It's our responsibility to spread traditional Chinese culture to foreigners. 向外国人传播中国传统文化是我们的责任。 11. schedule n. 工作计划；日程安排 vt. 安排；预定 情景导学 We will show you around our new school as scheduled. 我们将按照预定时间带你参观我们的新学校。 The following events are scheduled for the 2023-2024 academic year. 以下活动安排在 2023—2024学年。 用法归纳 名①　on     schedule按预定时间 ②　ahead of     schedule早于预定时间 ③behind schedule晚于预定时间 动④　as     scheduled按照预定时间 ⑤be scheduled　for  +某个时间点或时间段 预定/安排在……(时间) ⑥be scheduled 　to do    sth. 被安排做某事；预计做某事 情景助记 　　     12. attract vt. 吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣) 情景导学 You will be deeply attracted to Beijing opera even if you know nothing about it. 即使你对京剧一无所知，你也会深深地被它吸引。  We were deeply attracted by his sense of responsibility. 我们被他的责任感深深地吸引了。 用法归纳 ①　attract one's attention   引起某人的注意 ②attract sb. 　to     sb. /sth. 引起某人对某人/某物的好感；使某人喜爱某人/某物 ③be attracted 　by/to   . . . 被……吸引 词汇拓展 ①attraction n. [U]吸引；吸引力；诱惑力；[C]向往的地方；有吸引力的事 tourist attraction旅游景点 ②attractive adj. 有吸引力的，吸引人的 be attractive to. . . 对……有吸引力 Douyin，a short video app，is attractive to young people. 抖音是一款短视频应用软件，它对年轻人有吸引力。 ③attractively adv. 诱人地；有吸引力地 13. focus vi. & vt. 集中(精力、注意力等)；(使)调节焦距 n. 中心；重点；焦点 情景导学 The accident brought the safety problem on campus into focus. 这次事故使校园安全问题成为焦点。 There's a new field in 3D printing that's beginning to come into focus：food. 3D打印有一个新的领域开始成为焦点：食品。 用法归纳 动①focus　on   /upon集中；特别关注 ②focus one's eyes/attention/mind/efforts　on    . . . 集中目光/注意力/心思/努力于…… 名③bring. . . 　into   focus使……成为焦点 ④　come    into focus成为焦点 ⑤the focus of attention/interest注意力/兴趣的焦点 词汇拓展 表示“集中注意力于……”的常用表达还有：concentrate(. . . ) on. . . ；fix one's attention on. . . 14. addicted adj. 有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的 情景导学 More and more teenagers are becoming addicted to computer games. 越来越多的青少年正变得沉迷于电脑游戏。 (译林必修三) 用法归纳 be/become addicted 　to    (doing)sth. 对(做)某事上瘾；沉迷于(做)某事 词汇拓展 ①addict n. 对……入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人 ②addiction n. 入迷；嗜好；瘾 (an/one's)addiction to. . . (一种/某人)对……的嗜好/瘾 You should fight your addiction to alcohol. 你应该努力戒酒。 ③addictive adj. 使人上瘾的 The boy is seriously addicted to video games and he finds them very addictive，thus turning into a video game addict. 这个男孩严重沉迷于电子游戏，他发现电子游戏让人非常上瘾，因此变成了电子游戏迷。 【语法知识】 1.结构一：so that为了，以便 情景导学 She asked for the woman's name and address so that she could repay her. =She asked for the woman's name and address in order that she could repay her. =She asked for the woman's name and address in order to/so as to repay her. 她询问那位女士的名字和住址，以便能还她钱。 用法归纳 ①so that引导　目的状语    从句，意为“为了，以便”，从句中常含有can、could、may、 might、will、would等情态动词。 ②so that可与in order that、　in order to do   、so as to do等形式进行转换。 结构拓展 so that引导结果状语从句，译为“因此，所以”，从句中一般不用情态动词，从句前通常有逗号与主句隔开。此外so 和that还可以分开，so后多接形容词或者副词，译为“如此……以至于……”。 Stephen was excellent in many ways，so that he got the job. 斯蒂芬各方面都很优秀，因此他得到了这份工作。 He was so anxious that he paced up and down in the room. 他焦急万分，在房间里来回踱步。  特别提醒 区分so that引导的是目的状语从句还是结果状语从句主要从句子表达的意思入手，根据语境分析从句表达的是某人的目的还是既定的结果。从句中含有情态动词或主句与从句之间有逗号并不能作为区分这两种从句的 “黄金法则”。 结构二：It be+adj. +for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事是……的。 情景导学 It is very difficult for humans to live on Mars because of the cold weather. 由于火星上天气寒冷，人类很难在上面生存。 As a foreign learner，it is important for you to understand the true meaning of Chinese culture. 作为一个外国学习者，你理解中国文化的真正含义很重要。 (写作—交换生) 用法归纳 该句型中　it     作形式主语，动词不定式(短语)作真正的主语，动词不定式(短语)的逻辑主语由　for   引出。该句型中的形容词通常表示动词不定式(短语)的性质，如convenient、    difficult    、　important   、necessary、common、hard、easy、dangerous等。 结构拓展 如果动词不定式(短语)的逻辑主语由of引出，则该句型中的形容词通常描述人的品质或特征，如clever、wise、kind、foolish等。 It's wise of you to come up with such a wonderful idea. 你能想出这么好的主意真是聪明。 【经典练】 一．默写重点单词 1.__________ n.(13 至19岁之间的）青少年 2.___________ n争论，辩论 v. 辩论，争论 3.__________n.名称，标题，头衔 4.___________ n.内容，目录adj.满意的 5.__________ n.动作，运动 6.____________ n.文学，文学作品 7.___________ adj 额外的，附加的 8.___________ n.工作计划 vt安排，预定 9. ___________ v.停止，戒掉，离开 10._________ v. 集中 n.中心,焦点 11.___________ n.青春，青年时期 12._________ n专家，行家 adj.内行的,专家的 13.___________ n.一代人 14._________ n.成年人 adj.成年的 15. _____________vt. 较喜欢→ ________________n. 偏爱；喜爱 16. ___________v. 适合；满足；匹配 n. 套装→______________adj. 合适的；适用的 17. _____________adj. 真实的；实际的→______________adv. 事实上；的确 18. ____________ vt. 怀疑；挑战 n. 挑战；艰巨任务→______________adj. 具有挑战性的 19. _________ vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑→ __________adj. 困惑的→__________ adj.令人困惑的 20. __________adj. 流利的；熟练的→___________ adv. 流利地，流畅地→_________ n.流利，流畅 21. ___________v. 毕业；获得学位 n. 毕业生→___________ n. 毕业；毕业典礼 22. _____________vi. 建议；推荐；介绍→______________ n. 提议；推荐；推荐信 23.___________ v./n前进，发展→___________ adj.高级的，高等的 24.___________ adj.明显的→___________ adv.明显地 25.___________ v.解决，处理→____________ n.答案，解决办法 26. ___________ v.编辑→____________ n.编辑→____________ n.版本 27.____________ v.存活，幸存→____________n.幸存者→____________ n.生存，幸存 28.___________v.行为，表现 →___________n行为，举止 29._____________ n.冒险，奇遇→______________ adj.冒险的 30.____________ v.吸引→____________ n.有吸引力的事物→____________adj.有吸引力的二．词汇运用1.Most ________(青少年) feel that the most important people in their lives are their parents. 2. The first part of the project was completed two months ahead of ____________(工作计划). 3. My father is never c_________with my studies, which makes me very sad. 4. He says he’s unable to give up smoking; he’s completely ___________. (addict) 5. When you meet __________(挑战)， tell yourself that you can make it. 6. During my fresh year, my teacher r____________ me to work hard to keep up with the other students. 7. He looked as if nothing had happened, and I was quite pleased with his ___________(行为). 8. Mary had a poor family and q________school when she was very young. 9. From the ________ look on her face, I knew that my explanation of this poem was ________. (confuse) 10. It is everyone’s ________________(responsible) to protect the environment.11.with the help of the___________ technology, the workers can complete the bridge in___________(advance). 12.what__________ him most was the__________ park.but he planned to visit another tourist __________ in this area first.(attract） 13.Not only does Jack speak__________ Chinese, but also he can speak Russian_________. (fluent). 14.She __________(prefer) to go the cinema rather than stay at home last Sunday. 15.I highly recommended _______(join) this club. I’m sure you will learn a lot. 三．重点句型 1.Good habits ___________________make all the difference.(过去分词作后置定语） 少时养成的好习惯使人受益终身。 2._______________________________________is a really big challenge.（动名词短语作主语） 从初中过渡到高中真是一项巨大的挑战。 3.My advisor _______________________________________________ because I like English and I’m good at it.（recommend后加that引导的宾语从句） 我的指导老师建议我选修高级文学，因为我喜欢英语而且成绩不错。 4.It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation ___________________ computer games and the online world.  (it作形式主语，真正的主语是后边的不定式） 对于你们这一代的青少年来说, 喜欢电脑游戏和网络世界并不罕见。 5.But _____________________________ is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to focus other things in life. （动名词短语作主语）   但是在网上花费太多的时间是不健康的, 并且让你很难集中精力在生活中的其他事情上。 四.课文语法填空 (1） Hi! My name is Adam and I’m a freshman at senior high school. 1.__________ (go) from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. The first week was a little 2.__________ (confuse). First, I had to think very 3. __________ (careful) about which courses I wanted to take. The school adviser helped me choose the 4.__________ (suit) ones: maths, English, chemistry, world history, and Chinese. I know that Chinese is a very difficult language, 5.__________ I hope to be fluent when I graduate. My adviser recommended that I 6.___________( sign) up for 7.__________ (advance) literature because I like English and I’m good at it. I had to choose extra-curricular 8. __________ (activity), too. I tried to join the school football team, but the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough. 9. __________ (obvious), I was unhappy, but I won’t quit. I’ll find a way 10.__________ (improve) on my own so that I can make the team next year. I joined a volunteer club instead. Every Wednesday, we work at a soup kitchen and hand out food 11.__________ homeless people in the community. I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being 12.__________ (responsibility) for a lot more. I’m a bit worried about 13.__________ (keep) up with the other students in my advanced course, and it’ll be quite difficult 14.__________ (get) used to all the homework. Still, I’m happy to be there.15. __________ (study) hard isn’t always fun, but I’ll be well 16. __________ (prepare) for university or 17. __________ else comes in the future. (2） Dear Worried Friend, You wrote that you are very 18. __________ (worry) about your friend, Chen Lei. I understand quite well that you are anxious and feel terrible. You think that your friend plays computer games too often and spends too much time online. I recommend that you 19.__________(talk) to your friend about his20. __________ (behave). It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation 21.__________ (attract) to computer games and the online world. But 22.__________ (spend) too much time online is 23._________(healthy) and makes 24. __________ very difficult to focus 25.__________ other things in life. Some students even become 26. __________ (addict) to the Internet and cannot concentrate 27.__________ school and family life. I think you should encourage your friend 28. __________ (try) new hobbies. Why not 29. _________(discuss) the problem together? I am sure he will listen to you, 30.__________ you are his good friend. 三、语法清单 名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语 　　以一个名词、形容词或副词为中心，加上其自带的修饰语所形成的一个词组分别叫做名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语。比如，the English book on the desk书桌上的英语书，中心词book是名词，该短语就是名词短语，功能相当于单个名词，可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。再如，five meters long 5米长的，中心词long是形容词，该短语就是形容词短语，功能相当于单个形容词，可在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等。 一、名词短语(Noun Phrase) 名词短语指以一个名词为中心的短语，即带上了定语的名词。 情景导学 I want to join some interesting clubs. 我想加入一些有趣的社团。(含限定词、形容词) It's amusing to watch a sleeping baby. 观察一个睡着的婴儿很有意思。(含冠词、现在分词) Pass me the coffee cup，please. 请把那个咖啡杯递给我。(含冠词、名词) The cute boy wearing blue jeans is my brother. 这个穿蓝色牛仔裤的可爱男孩是我的弟弟。(含冠词、形容词及现在分词短语) The cute boy who is wearing blue jeans is my brother. 这个穿蓝色牛仔裤的可爱男孩是我的弟弟。(含冠词、形容词及定语从句) The fact that he was very poor surprised us. 他很穷这个事实让我们很吃惊。(含冠词、同位语从句) Do you know the reason for his absence?你知道他缺席的原因吗?(含冠词、介词短语) 用法归纳 (1)组成：前置定语[限定词(冠词、代词等)、形容词、名词、单个的动名词/现在分词/过去分词]+中心名词+后置定语(介词短语、形容词短语、非谓语动词短语、定语从句、同位语从句) 有些名词后的介词是固定的，需要特别去记，如the reason for. . . 、a ban on. . . 、a reply to. . . 、access to. . . 等。 (2)功能：名词短语在句中通常作①　　    、②　　    、表语或宾语补足语等。 二、形容词短语(Adjective Phrase) 形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心、带着它的修饰语的短语，整体可以当作一个形容词来理解和使用。 情景导学 She is a very successful writer. 她是一位非常成功的作家。(含程度副词) He was best known for his novels. 他以其小说最为知名。(含程度副词和介词短语) They had to cross a river about 100 meters wide. 他们不得不渡过一条大约100 米宽的河。(含副词、数词、名词) What he said is hard to understand. 他说的话挺难懂。(含不定式) The book is really worth reading. 这本书真的值得读。(含动名词) You can go to school when you're old enough. 你够年龄了就可以上学了。(含程度副词enough) We should work hard to make our country rich and strong. 我们应该努力工作使我们的国家富强。(含并列连词) The boy is neither stupid nor lazy. 这个男孩既不笨也不懒。(含并列连词) 用法归纳 (1)组成：程度副词+形容词；形容词+介词短语；数词+名词+形容词；形容词+enough；形容词+并列连词+形容词；形容词+不定式/动名词。 (2)功能：形容词短语在句中通常修饰名词或代词，在句中作④　表语  、⑤　定语    或宾语补足语等。 三、副词短语(Adverb Phrase) 　　副词短语指以一个副词为中心的短语。 情景导学 He ran so fast that I couldn't catch up with him. 他跑得太快我追不上他。(含程度副词) He would go over his work again and again. 他会反复检查他的工作。(含并列连词) Strangely enough，she didn't get married. 非常奇怪的是，她没结婚。(含程度副词enough) 用法归纳 (1)组成：程度副词+副词；副词+enough；副词+并列连词+副词。 (2)功能：副词短语在句中作状语，通常修饰⑥　动词   或整个句子。 即时巩固 写出画线部分属于什么短语及在句中所作的成分 1. The most outgoing boy in our class is Jack. (属于　名词短语   ；在句中作　主语    ) 2. She asks some questions very curiously. (属于　副词短语    ；在句中作　状语    ) 3. She was so anxious and frightened that she couldn’t fall asleep. (属于　形容词短语   ；在句中作　表语    ) 4. I'm looking forward to a trip to Europe. (属于　名词短语    ；在句中作　宾语    ) 5. Working out makes you energetic and healthy. (属于　形容词短语  ；在句中作　宾语补足语  ) 6. Surprisingly enough，he disliked our writing style. (属于　副词短语    ；在句中作　状语  ) 7. It's the best lecture that I have ever attended this week. (属于　名词短语   ；在句中作　表语   ) 四、写作: 建议信----要求我们就有关问题进行分析, 并针对这些问题提出自己的看法和建议。 （一）常用词汇 1.have trouble in doing/with 在……有些麻烦 2.communicate with 与……交流 3.feel lonely 感到孤独 4.ask for advice on... 征求关于……的建议 5.suggestion n. 建议 6.overcome v. 克服;解决 7.get along well with 和……相处得很好 8.make it 做到;成功;达到目标 9.make friends 交朋友 10.as far as I am concerned/in my opinion 就我而言/在我看来 （二）话题句式 1.建议信开头常用句式 (1)Here are some tips/a few suggestions to help you. 这里有一些建议可以帮助你。 (2)I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to get along well with your classmates.我很高兴收到你的来信,询问我关于如何与同学好好相处的建议。 (3)I think you can make it if you follow the advice below. 如果你听从以下建议,我认为你会做到。 2.表达建议常用句式 (1)First(ly), why not join a club? If you do this, you can make friends.首先,为什么不加入一个俱乐部呢?如果你这样做的话,你能交到朋友。 (2)Second(ly), you should/can try to talk with others. Then/That way, you will feel better. 其次,你应该/可以试着与人交谈。这样,你会感觉好点。 (3)Third，it would be a good idea if you read a book or listen to music. By doing this, you will calm yourself down. 第三，看书或听音乐将会是一个不错的主意。这样做会让自己平静下来。 (4)Last but not least, you should talk with her first.最后但同样重要的是,你应该先和她谈一谈。 (5)As far as I am concerned/In my opinion, you should help each other.就我而言/在我看来,你们应该互相帮助。 3.建议信结尾常用句式 (1)I believe that with your efforts, you can manage to overcome these difficulties. 我相信,在你的努力下,你会成功克服这些困难的。 (2)As time goes on, people will know more about you and be willing to make friends with you if you can follow the above.如果你遵循以上建议,随着时间的推移,人们会更加了解你并且愿意和你交朋友。 （三）必背短文模板: Dear XXX,  I am very glad to hear that you want to seek some suggestions about _____________________________. / I am writing to express my views concerning_____________________________. / You have asked me for my advice with regard to _____________________________in order to_____________________________.  In my opinion / Personally speaking / As far as I am concerned, I highly recommend that... / You would be wise to take the following actions. On the one hand / Firstly / In the first place,_____________________________. On the other hand / Secondly / In the second place, _____________________________. Besides / In addition / Furthermore, it is unnecessary for you to _____________________________. Consequently / In a word / In conclusion, I believe that _____________________________.  I hope that my opinions are of help to you, and please feel free to contact me for more questions. / I am looking forward to your consideration about my proposals. Thanks in advance for that. Yours sincerely, Li Hua （四）写作应用体验　 假定你是李华, 请你根据下表内容, 给你校校长写一封建议信。 现状：吃午饭时人太多, 排队需要花很长时间;还有不少同学占座位, 这使很多同学吃午饭时没有座位可坐 措施：禁止占座位;不同年级的学生可以轮流吃午饭, 如可以让高年级的同学晚十分钟去吃午饭;有条件的话, 再建一个食堂 注意:1.词数80左右; 2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯; 3.开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。 范文： Dear Headmaster, 　　I'm writing to make some suggestions for improving the dining conditions of our school.Because too many students have lunch in the dining room, it takes quite a long time to queue. Worse still, some even occupy seats for their friends or classmates, which makes quite a few students unable to find tables to sit at.   　　Immediate measures must be taken to solve the problem. First, it must be forbidden to occupy seats. Second, students in different grades can take turns to have lunch. For example, those in higher grades can have lunch 10 minutes later. Anyway, the best way is to build a new dining room, if possible.  　　I am looking forward to your consideration about my suggestions. Yours, Li Hua 【经典练】 【基础训练】 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.Ted was really 　　　　 by the 　　　　 problem which also 　　　　 other people for a long time.(confuse)  2.We’ll be 　　　　 for your safety and you need to take 　　　　 for your actions.(responsible)  3.My brother is a 　　　　 in physics and he 　　　　 from Peking University.He has been working in a famous company after 　　　　.(graduate)  4.What 　　　　 me most in Beijing is that there are many 　　　　,like the Great Wall and the Summer Palace.They are so 　　　　 as to 　　　　 eyes from every corner of the world.(attract)  5.The computer 　　　　 his needs well as it is 　　　　 for programming. (suit)  6.Share your 　　　　 with us so we can work together to solve your most 　　　　 problems.(challenge)  7.When I was a kid,I 　　　　 cold colors,like blue and yellow.But now I enjoy warm colors more.I think color 　　　　 varies as people get old.(prefer)  8.Freedom 　　　　 does not mean doing what one likes and it is equally 　　　　 that one can never totally do what one likes.(obvious)  1.I am thinking of 　　　　　　　　(报名参加) the French course.  2.Next time I 　　　　　　　　(将为……做好准备) the exam.  3.Don’t be shy.You’ll quickly 　　　　　　　　(习惯于) starting conversations with people.  4.If you can’t finish the work 　　　　　　　　(靠自己),just call me.  5.The mayor is thought to 　　　　　　　　(对……负责) as many as four deaths.  6.Because of his illness,Peter couldn’t 　　　　　　　　　　　　(跟上) the rest of the class and fell badly behind.  7.I think that this house will 　　　　　　　　(对……适合) your family.  8.I went through about four years of 　　　　　　　　(对……入迷) video Ⅲ.句式仿写 1.我们建议,如果你想观看电视节目,试着晚一点在孩子睡着后再看。(recommend引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气) We recommend that if you want to watch your TV shows,　　　　　　　　　　　　 later when your children are asleep.  2.她向我借钱,以便可以买一双新鞋。(so that引导目的状语从句) She borrowed money from me 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  3.他将愿意接受能得到的任何东西。(whatever引导名词性从句) He’ll be ready to accept 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  4.宇宙飞船使去月球旅行成为可能。(make it+宾补+to do sth.) Spaceships 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  【能力提升】 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A We talk continuously about how to make children more “resilient(有恢复力的)”,but whatever we are doing,it’s not working.Rates of anxiety disorders and depression are rising rapidly among teenagers.What are we doing wrong? Nassim Taleb invented the word “antifragile” and used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks,challenges,and disorder.The immune system is one of them: it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens(过敏源)in childhood in order to develop to its full ability. Children’s social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems.If we overprotect kids and keep them “safe” from unpleasant social situations and negative emotions we deprive(剥夺)them of the challenges and opportunities for skill-building they need to grow strong.Such children are likely to suffer more when exposed later to other unpleasant but ordinary life events,such as teasing and social rejection. It’s not the kids’ fault.In the UK,as in the US,parents became much more fearful in the 1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone,more and more,to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less.Outdoor play and independent mobility went down; screen time and adult-monitored activities went up. Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement,take small risks,and learn to deal with small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical competence.Depriving them of free play prevents their social-emotional growth.Norwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter and Leif Kennair warned: “We may observe an increased anxiety or mental disorders in society if children are forbidden from participating in age adequate risky play.” They wrote those words in 2011.Over the following few years,their prediction came true.Kids born after 1994 are suffering from much higher rates of anxiety disorders and depression than the previous generation did.Besides,there is also a rise in the rate at which teenage girls are admitted to hospital for deliberately harming themselves. What can we do to change these trends? How can we raise kids strong enough to handle the ordinary and extraordinary challenges of life? We can’t guarantee that giving primary school children more independence today will bring down the rate of teenage suicide tomorrow.The links between childhood overprotection and teenage mental illness are suggestive but not clear-cut.Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile kids of the wide range of experiences they need to become strong,we are systematically preventing their growth.We should let go—and let them grow. 1.Why does the author mention the immune system in Paragraph 2? A.To stress its importance. B.To analyze the cause of anxiety. C.To question the latest discovery. D.To help understand a new word. 2.Parents overprotect children because 　　　　.  A.they want to keep children from being teased B.they are concerned about their children’s safety C.parent-monitored activities are a must D.children are not independent enough 3.According to the author,free play can 　　　　.  A.develop children’s leadership skills B.strengthen children’s friendship C.reduce children’s risky behavior D.promote children’s resilience 4.Which of the following does the author probably agree with? A.Stop trying to perfect your child. B.It takes great courage to raise children. C.Prepare the child for the road,not the road for the child. D.While we try to teach our children all about life,our children teach us what life is all about. B Katie always knew she wanted to be a performer.She was crazy about musicals and Disney movies from an early age and would often watch them singing along with her mom,Karen.When Katie was nine years old,her happy childhood took a turn when her mother was diagnosed with cancer.Then they made a decision.Disney World had been a long-time dream vacation for Karen.So in November 1997,the family packed up and headed to Disney World. They spent their days in the parks,seeing the sights,greeting characters,and watching Karen’s face light up with joy.They all shared the joy of experiencing the park for the first time with Karen.Katie says she’ll never forget the moment that changed her life on that trip.After a long day,the Whetsells decided to see one of Disney World’s nightly light shows.While watching,a Disney cast member performing in the parade came up to her mom and rested her hand on Karen’s shoulder.This was the day Katie decided she wanted to work for Disney. Sadly,Katie’s mom Karen lost her battle with cancer on June 2,2003.Katie went on to pursue her dream. After Katie received her degree in musical theatre,Katie struggled for years,trying to make it as an actor.Her hard work and passion finally paid off when she was hired to work on Disney Cruise Lines in 2009 and later as a performer in Disney on Classic. Since then,Katie has had many opportunities to play with some of her favorite Disney characters,but Katie’s favorite friend is Dory in Finding Nemo at Disney World’s Animal Kingdom.Several times a week,Katie can be found voicing lovable,forgetful Dory.She says that Dory has taught her the value of living in the present moment and to “just keep swimming”. 5.Why did the family decide to visit Disney World? A.To spend Katie’s dream vacation. B.To help Katie be a performer. C.To make Karen’s dream come true. D.To enjoy the last family trip. 6.What really urges Katie to work for Disney? A.Karen was diagnosed with cancer. B.The family shared the joy together in the park. C.They saw a Disney World’s nightly light show. D.A Disney performer had some interaction with Karen. 7.Why was Katie fond of Dory in Finding Nemo? A.Because Dory taught her some life lessons. B.Because Katie enjoyed voicing lovable Dory. C.Because Dory played with a Disney character. D.Because Katie had opportunities to swim with Dory. 8.Which of the following can best describe Katie? A.Humorous and honest. B.Hard-working and determined. C.Optimistic and serious. D.Outgoing and patient. Ⅱ.完形填空 Fourth grader,Sarah Haycox,made it her mission to right a wrong.And in doing so,she has shown the world what one 　1　 person,with passion,can do.  One day,when 　2　 by an athletic field near her school,Sarah noticed a small 　3　 with the name Edwin T.Pratt and the year 1930-1969 on it.She 　4　 who he was and what he did.  After some 　5　,she learned that he was a civil rights leader who had done many good things to 　6　 others.　7　,he was killed just because someone disagreed with what he was doing.  Feeling that the small memorial was 　8　 big enough for a man who had so much 　9　 on others,Sarah 　10　 to do something!  There was a new 　11　 going up nearby for young kids.She found out who were 　12　 the building project and asked them if it could be named after Mr.Pratt.Through great efforts,her vision came to reality! Almost 50 years after his death,Edwin Pratt’s life and impact will be celebrated as the name of the new school.  Most kids simply had walked by the memorial without thinking about who Mr.Pratt was.But Sarah had the 　13　 to learn more,the vision to imagine something better and the courage to 　14　 her idea.Her amazing actions have 　15　 many other young people around the world.  1.A.honest B.young C.clever D.shy 2.A.walking B.running C.riding D.driving 3.A.museum B.church C.board D.memorial 4.A.forgot B.realized C.wondered D.explained 5.A.discussion B.research C.practice D.thought 6.A.teach B.rescue C.help D.repay 7.A.Sadly B.Basically C.Gradually D.Lastly 8.A.rarely B.simply C.merely D.hardly 9.A.impact B.impression C.reflection D.dependence 10.A.stopped B.decided C.happened D.announced 11.A.library B.theatre C.school D.hospital 12.A.in need of B.in search of C.in favour of D.in charge of 13.A.curiosity B.confidence C.chance D.energy 14.A.prove B.change C.present D.pursue 15.A.astonished B.inspired C.attracted D.protected 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$