专题06 阅读理解之说明文（陕西专用）-【好题汇编】5年（2021-2025）中考1年模拟英语真题分类汇编

专题06 阅读理解之说明文（原卷版） 【五年考情回顾】 年份 体裁 主题内容 2025年 说明文 本文主要讲述了树木如何帮助城市节省金钱。 2024年 说明文 本文主要介绍乔纳斯·考夫曼是如何爱上意大利和它的音乐的。 2023年 说明文 本文主要介绍了帮助学生养成良好的学习习惯，更好地理解化学的建议。 2022年 说明文 本文由动物迁徙引出了英语的造词，告诉我们找出单词之间的关系并在一个或多个小组中学习它们也可以是学习语言的一种方式。 2021年 说明文 本文介绍了水资源对我们的重要性，以及它现在所面临的问题，呼吁人们要珍惜水资源。 （2025·陕西·中考真题） Most people agree that trees look nice. But not too many people know trees can also help us save money. Environmental scientists did some research and they learned that just one tree can save a city about 2,800 yuan over the tree’s lifetime. One way trees save money is by helping us save energy. Big trees stop the summer sun from shining directly to the buildings. Big trees block (遮挡) the winter wind. In this way, they help people to save the energy to make their homes and offices cool or warm. Saving energy means saving money! There are other ways for trees to help a city save money. For example, when it rains, a city’s sewers (下水道) fill up with water. Cities have to spend lots of money cleaning that water. But trees’ leaves and roots take in rainwater before it gets to the dirty sewers. With the help of trees, there is less water to clean and money is saved. 46. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. How to protect trees. B. How to study trees. C. How trees help cities save money. D. How trees make cities look nice. 47. The underlined word “they” refers to “_________”. A. city cleaners B. environmental scientists C. big trees D. tall buildings 48. To better support the topic sentence of Paragraph 3, the writer _________. A. gives an example B. asks a question C. uses pictures D. lists numbers （2024·陕西·中考真题） SHARE THE MAGIC of Italian song with Jonas Kaufmann as he shows us both on and off stage, how he fell in love with Italy and its music. “ITALIANS LOVE TO SING. They sing in the street. They sing while they go about their business. It is not just a cliché—in Italy, you see grown-up men just singing while they work, because they want to somehow express their feelings. Music is not only to make you smile, music is to make you think, and sometimes to understand that you’re not the only one carrying great problems with you. By expressing that in a song, you can better live with it, because somebody found the right words, the right way to express what you’re feeling at that moment. The songs on this album show the whole range of emotions that Italian music is capable of, just like in opera...” —Jonas Kaufmann The word “album” in the text means a group of songs or pieces of music on a CD. The underlined part means the rich feelings that Italian music is able to express. 28. The songs on this album are sung in ________. A. Russian B. French C. English D. Italian 29. From Kaufmann’s words, we can know ________. A. how much Italians love music B. how he created his music C. his experience of learning music D. his advice on making music 30. Which of the following would Kaufmann most probably agree according to the text? A. Music is a tool to learn a language. B. Music can work as the key to the door of art. C. Music is the most beautiful art form. D. Music can make people less lonely. （2023·陕西·中考真题） Chemistry is usually thought to be more difficult than other subjects, at least for the beginners. There are some reasons for this idea. For one thing, chemistry has a very specialized vocabulary（学科专用语汇）. At first, studying chemistry is like learning a new language. Also, some concepts（概念）of chemistry are hard to understand. However, with hard work and careful study, you can finish this subject successfully— and even enjoy it. Here are some suggestions to help you develop good study habits and better understand the topics in the book: ●Firstly, attend classes on time. Listen to your teacher and take careful notes in class. If possible, always review the topics you learn in class, and review your notes on the same day. ●Secondly, think carefully whether you really understand the meaning of a term or the use of an equation（方程式）. A good way to test your understanding is to explain a concept to a classmate or someone else. ●Thirdly, pay attention to things which have something to do with chemistry in life. Watch or do experiments in class carefully. ●Fourthly, question often and do not be afraid to ask your teacher or classmates for help. You will find that chemistry is much more than numbers, formulas（分子式）and equations. It’s often used in daily life just like math and physics. Once you fall in love with it, you’ll get lots of fun. 24. How many suggestions does the writer give the readers? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 25. The writer thinks that a good way to test your understanding of the formula “H2CO3” is to ________. A. write it on the blackboard B. read it aloud in class C. explain it to someone else D. ask others the meaning of it 26. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. Chemistry is more often used than physics. B. Some concepts of chemistry are hard to understand. C. Studying chemistry is like learning our mother language. D. Chemistry is usually thought to be as difficult as other subjects. 27. The passage is mainly about ________. A. differences between chemistry and physics B. the importance of chemistry and physics C. why chemistry is hard for beginners D. how students study chemistry （2022·陕西·中考真题 Do you know the word migrate? It is a word usually used to talk about certain animals such as birds, fish and so on. When animals migrate, they travel a long way from one part of the world to another according to the season. For example, swallows (燕子) migrate south in winter. Many animals migrate—they do this often at the same time and to the same place each year. They move to places where conditions are better—where the weather is warmer, where there is more food and water, or where their young will be safer. People also migrate. When people migrate, they go to live in another area or country, especially in order to find work. In English, when people leave their home country in order to live in another country, we use the word emigrate instead of migrate. From migrate and emigrate come the words migration and emigration. However, if people move from their home country to another to live there forever (永久地), the word changes from emigrate to immigrate in the English language. Then the word immigration is born. Isn’t word-making of the English language interesting? And can this process (过程) of finding out the relationships between words and learning them in a group or groups be a way for you to learn the language? Based on Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 6th edition. 28. Which of the following situations can match the main idea of Paragraph 1? A. Snakes move into holes to sleep in winter. B. Fish swim to clean waters because of pollution. C. Birds fly very far away to find food and return to give it to their babies. D Monarch butterflies in North America fly south to stay away from the cold. 29. According to the passage, if people ________ , they leave their home country to live in another forever. A. travel B. migrate C. emigrate D. immigrate 30. The passage is written to ________. A. introduce migration of animals B. tell readers a way of learning English C. show how English words change D. explain why people migrate （2021·陕西·中考真题） Look at the Earth from space. Why does our planet look so blue? It’s blue because water covers almost three quarters of the Earth’s surface. Water is not just an important part of our planet. It is an important part of our body, too. More than half of our total body weight is water. Our body loses water whenever we exercise or go to the toilet. That’s why we need to drink plenty of water every day. We drink water. We use it to cook, clean, and carry waste out of our homes. Farmers use it to grow vegetables and crops like rice and corn; factories use it to make products. Since the 1950s, the amount（数量）of water people use has increased by three times. But the water supply（供应）hasn’t. Scientists worry that soon there won’t be enough water for us, as well as for the animals and plants that share our world. What can we do to help? Use water wisely. Having enough water isn’t our only problem. We also need it clean. Right now, ships and factories are putting wastes into seas, rivers and so on. Even chemicals that farmers use are running into rivers and lakes. All this pollution can make the water dangerous to drink. It can also harm fish and other water-living lives. We must do something to stop pollution. It’s the best way to protect our world’s most valuable natural resource（资源）. 24. How many important areas of water are mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 25. The underlined sentence “We also need it clean” in Paragraph 4 means” ________.” A. We also need water to wash things B. We also need water that looks clean C. We also need to keep water clean D. We also need to discover clean water 26. This passage was written to ________ A. ask people to value water B. advise people to drink more water C. introduce the uses of water D. describe the situation of water supply （25·西安交大附中一模） Having a collection of good things bring you comfort, relax you and lift your emotion（情绪）, which means you will have the tools to help yourself feel better. What is self-care? Self-care is looking after your mind and body. It’s taking care of your mental（精神的）and emotional health, as well as your physical health. You are practicing self-care even if you don’t realize it. Brushing your teeth is self-care. Going to bed because you’re tired, doing enough sports and reminding yourself that you’re doing your best are also examples of self-care. Taking care of yourself is important because it builds your self-confidence, too. Confidence comes from trusting and knowing yourself well. When you practice self-care, you’re looking after your own needs. This builds more trust therefore helps increase your confidence. Showing kindness to yourself helps you to feel happier. Make your own self-care kit（自我护理包） A self-care kit is a collection of things that helps you look after yourself. Things to collect in a self-care kit might include a photo album（相册）of the people and animals you love; a special treasure; a favourite snack; something that smells or feels nice; and a playlist of your favourite songs. Think about what helps you to feel calm, happy and comfortable when you’re feeling sad or worried. Keep those things in a little bag or box. Whenever you’re not feeling good, you can turn to your self-care kit and choose something from it to help you feel better. Over time you might change things in your kit, depending on what you feel most useful. 27. Which of the following are the actions of self-care according to Paragraph 2? ①Talking with people. ②Brushing your teeth. ③Going to bed early. ④Doing enough exercise. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 28. Why is it important to take care of yourself? A. Because it will build your self-confidence. B. Because it makes you trust others well. C. Because it leads you to live a better life. D. Because it lets you show kindness to families. 29. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A. A little bag. B. A self-care kit. C. A playlist of songs. D. A photo album. 30. In which part of the magazine can you read the passage? A. Animal. B. Health. C. Food. D. Environment. （25·西安第八十五中学一模） Datiehua: means “making iron flowers”. This old art was first developed and practiced by ironsmiths (铁匠). It gradually became a tradition in some parts of China. The performers need to heat iron in a pot to turn it into liquid(液体). When the liquid reaches about 1,700 degrees Celsius, they scoop up (舀起) the liquid and hit it hard with a plank (木板). This creates a shower of sparks. Yang Jianjun is a datiehua performer in Henan Province. In its more than 1,000 years of history, datiehua has had few female (女性) performers. So he was surprised when Jiang Xunqian and her team contacted him. The 27-year-old girl creator wanted to try her hand at the old art. Yang told her about all the dangers. If the hot liquid is not struck correctly, it can burn the skin. Jiang, however, didn’t want to give up. At last, Yang decided to give her a chance. With Yang’s help, Jiang began her training. She struck stones, sand and water to build up her strength. After a month of training, the day of her first performance finally came. When night fell, Jiang and other performers put on a wonderful show. The sparks looked like beautiful fireworks. During the show, Jiang got some small injuries. “Some sparks fell on me. They burned my skin and a few strands of hair,” she said. “But it was worthwhile.” After Jiang’s team posted the video of the show online, it became a hit. Many people became interested in the art and learned more about it. “We’re very excited to bring the art to new audiences!” said Jiang. 27. Which of the following is the steps to make iron flowers? ①create a shower of sparks ②heat iron in a pot ③hit the liquid with a plank ④scoop up the liquid ⑤turn iron into liquid A. ①④⑤②③ B. ③①②⑤④ C. ④①③②⑤ D. ②⑤④③① 28. What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase “try her hand”? A. Perform with hands. B. Experience by herself. C. Help with the art. D. Teach in person. 29. Why was Yang surprised that Jiang wanted to try her hand at datiehua? A. Because Jiang was so crazy for datiehua. B. Because Jiang was too young to get the training. C. Because Jiang was so brave to learn datiehua as a woman. D. Because Jiang would like to help him with the performance. 30. What’s the purpose of Jiang Xunqian’s words in the last paragraph? A. To call more people’s attention to the old art. B. To invite more fans to watch her videos online. C. To ask more young people to take up this traditional art. D. To spread Chinese culture better by making more videos. （25·西安铁一中学一模） Recently, something unusual happened—Earth gained a “second moon”. Scientists say it will stay around for nearly two months. A moon is an object that moves around a planet. The “second moon”, called 2024 PT5, is a small, rocky planet flying around the Sun. Compared with the Moon, which is 2,159.2 miles across, 2024 PT5 is only 10 metres wide. It is too small and dark to be found with the human eye but can be seen by using professional telescopes (望远镜). NASA (美国航空航天局) first noticed 2024 PT5 on 7 August. Scientists studied how this small planet was travelling on and worked out that it would travel close enough to Earth to get pulled by our planet’s gravity (重力). 2024 PT5 is expected to stay in Earth’s orbit (轨道) until it breaks free on 25 November. After that, it will continue its journey around the Sun. That won’t be the last that we see the mini-moon, though. Researchers say that it will fly past Earth again in January next year, and then in 2055. This isn’t the first time Earth has caught such a small planet in its orbit. Scientists have recorded it several times before. Astronomer (天文学家) Dr. Jenifer Millard said, “This shows how busy our solar system (太阳系) is and how much we haven’t discovered out there, because this small planet was only discovered this year.” 27. How does the writer describe the size of 2024 PT5? A. By telling a story. B. By comparing facts. C. By showing a saying. D. By asking questions. 28. When was 2024 PT5 discovered first? A. In August 2024. B. In January 2024. C. In September 2024. D. In November 2025. 29. How many times can we see the mini-moon before 2055? A. Only once. B. Two times. C. Three times. D. Four times. 30. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Earth Gets a “Second Moon” B. Something Unusual on the Moon C. Why a Small Planet Gets into Earth’s Orbit D. How a Second Moon Travels Around Earth （25·西安第三中学一模） In China, there are many kinds of traditional culture. Here are some examples of Chinese traditional culture. Calligraphy (书法) is liked by many people, including many foreigners. It is usually made up of soft brush calligraphy and hard-tipped pen calligraphy. In ancient China, there were many great calligraphy works such as Preface to Lanting Collection. Those calligraphy works are very valuable to every Chinese learning calligraphy and many people like to study handwriting skills from them. In Chinese history, there are many famous calligraphers such as Yan Zhenqing, Wang Xizhi, Liu Gongquan, Zhao Mengfu in ancient China and Yu Youren, Qi Gong, Cao Baolin, Ouyang Zhongshi in new China. They have created many calligraphy works and show us the beauty of calligraphy. Chinese traditional paintings are usually created by people with brush, colorful paint and water. The Chinese traditional painting consists of three main parts from the theme (题材) and they are people, mountains and water, flowers and birds. The earliest Chinese traditional paintings appeared about two thousand years ago. During Chinese history, there were lots of excellent painters such as Yan Liben, WuDaozi, Mi Fu, Shi Tao, Qi Baishi and Xu Beihong. And my favourite one is Zhang Zeduan*. In a word, calligraphy and Chinese traditional paintings are important parts in Chinese traditional culture. * Preface to Lanting Collection: It is one of the most famous calligraphy works and it was created by WangXizhi in 353 AD in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. * Zhang Zeduan: He is a great painter in the Song Dynasty. His painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival is one of the greatest paintings in China and it is in the Palace Museum now. 24. The writer introduces ________ famous calligraphers to us in Paragraph 3. A. 9 B. 8 C. 7 D. 6 25. What do the underlined words “consists of” mean in the passage? A. Is made up of. B. Is used to. C. Is made from. D. Is taken care of. 26. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Preface to Lanting Collection was created by Wang Xizhi in 335 AD in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. B. Yan Zhenqing and Yu Youren lived in the same time period. C. The earliest Chinese traditional paintings appeared about 3,000 years ago. D. Along the River During the Qingming Festival is one of the greatest paintings in China. 27. The correct structure (结构) of this passage is _________. (P1 = Paragraph 1) A. B. C. D. （25·陕西咸阳市中一模） Language changes all the time. New words and phrases appear and grow. The words used by young people in the UK can be very different from those used by adults. Living in a multi—cultural (多元文化的) society has an effect on language, especially on young people, whose friends are often from a mix of backgrounds. Young British people use lots of language that you usually can’t find in most dictionaries. These informal words and expressions are known as “slang (俚语)”. It is not possible to make a complete list of modern British slang. By the time the list were finished, it would be out of date! Here are a few examples: “Sorted!”, “Sound!” and “Cool!” all mean “That’s good!” “Whatever” means “I don’t care”. (e. g. A: But he says we can’t leave until we’ve finished. B:Whatever. I’m going.) “He’s fine.” And “He’s fit.” both mean “He’s good—looking.” “Fine” and “fit” can describe a boy or a girl. However, not everybody likes slang. A school in Sheffield asked its pupils to stop using slang words, such as hiya (hello). The head teacher says that if young people learn to speak “correctly”, this will help them get a place at university. So, how important is it to understand these slang words and expressions? If you watch movies in English, chat online in English or are interested in English song lyrics (歌词), understanding slang will be very useful. You probably won’t see much slang in your English exam, though. 24. If you are happy for your best friend getting the first prize in a competition, which slang could best describe your feeling? A. Whatever. B. Fine. C. Hiya. D. Sorted. 25. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Modern slang changes very quickly. B. “Fit” is only used to describe boys. C. Young people always use the same slang as their parents. D. Understanding slang is very helpful in doing English exam papers. 26. The writer’s main purpose is to ________. A. explain the best way to learn slang B. tell readers about British slang C. discuss that slang should be stopped D. interest readers with slang words （25·西安工业大学一模） Plastic is man-made and can be produced from natural materials like coal and oil. Plastic is really useful and we use it every day. But what happens after we throw it away is causing a big problem for our planet. It’s thought that more than five trillion (万亿) pieces of plastic are in the world's oceans and it can take years for them to break down. Why is plastic a problem? The problem with plastic is that most of it isn't biodegradable (可生物降解的). It doesn’t rot (腐烂), like paper or food, so instead it can stay for hundreds of years. Each year, 400 million tons of plastic is produced and 40% of that is single-use plastic, such as shopping bags, drinks bottles and food packets. More than 8 million tons of plastic enters the world's oceans each year. It can be blown into the sea from ships and beaches, or carried there by river. Some also gets flushed (冲走) down the toilet. Another problem is that not all plastic can be recycled. This might be because of the way it is made up or because it is too expensive or difficult to do. Some coffee cups, for example, have a waterproof plastic inside surface which can make them difficult to recycle. Every day seven million cardboard coffee cups are thrown away but only a few can be recycled. How does plastic harm animals? Experts think that by 2050, the amount of plastic in the ocean will weigh more than the number of fish in the ocean. All animals, whether they live on land or in the sea, can be impaired by plastic. They can get stuck in bigger items such as shopping bags or food packages. Birds, fish and shellfish can mistake plastic for food when it has broken down into smaller pieces. One in three sea turtles, and around 90% of seabirds, have eaten it. They can’t digest (消化) plastic so their stomachs can become full, meaning they don’t have room for actual food. Each year, 100,000 animals in the sea are killed by plastic. 28. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To interest readers. B. To lead in the main topic. C. To come up with the solution. D. To summarize the passage. 29. How did the author support his idea of “Why is plastic a problem”? A. By using numbers. B. By describing the processes. C. By explaining meaning. D. By making comparisons. 30. What does the underlined word “impaired” mean in the fourth paragraph? A. Helped. B. Hurt. C. Scared. D. Missed. （25·西安师大附属中学中二模） During Chinese Spring Festival, the news that an actress in Taiwan died of the flu has shocked many people. Many begin to exercise in different ways for health, and Baduanjin, seems quite popular. You’ve probably heard how Chinese culture is packed with ancient and modern methods for staying fit. Baduanjin, known as a traditional Chinese fitness Qigong*, doesn’t need much space or time. It uses special breathing skills to improve both physical and mental well-being. This Qigong style centers on breathing—by taking slow, deep breaths, helps relax our body and calms the mind. Baduanjin started as early as in the Song Dynasty. It has a history of more than 800 years. In the beginning, it was developed as a way to improve the physical health of soldiers (士兵). Over time, it developed into a comprehensive (全面的) system of exercises practiced by both martial artists (武术家) and common people. Practice of Baduanjin is believed to bring lots of health benefits such as improving physical health, helping sleep, improving mental state and reducing stress. The biggest advantage of Baduanjin lies in its accessibility (易懂性). People of all ages and fitness levels can practice it without any special tools or experience. Whether performed in the park or at one’s home, Baduanjin provides gentle yet effective care for both body and mind. There are a total of eight movements in Baduanjin, each with its own focus. It has been handed down through the centuries as eight short and simple sentences. Four of the eight movements in Baduanjin are like following: Although Baduanjin has a long history and seems to be designed for old people, more and more younger generations begin practicing it, which better helps spread Chinese traditional culture. Many bloggers have posted the instructional videos online to teach online users. Someday, it will spread worldwide for others to see the great Chinese culture. * The word “Qigong” means a system of deep-breathing exercises. 24. Who was Baduanjin designed for at first? A. Army men. B. Common people. C. Artists. D. Old people. 25. The biggest advantage of Baduanjin is ________. A. It doesn’t need much space or time. B. Whether you are young or old, good at it or not, you can play it. C. Baduanjin has a long history and is designed for old people. D. It is popular around the world. 26. Which of the following statement is TRUE? A. Bauduanjin is not helpful to reduce people’s stress. B. There are four movements in Baduanjin while playing it. C. Baduanjin focuses on breathing control. D. People cannot learn Baduanjin by watching online instructional videos. 27. In which part of a magazine can we read the passage? A. Technology. B. Culture. C. Industry. D. Fashion. （25·西安工业大学附属中二模） The animated film Ne Zha II: The Battle of the Sea, came out on January 29, 2025, and became a big success in the film industry. Directed by Sichuan-born director Jiaozi (Yang Yu), it continues the exciting story of Ne Zha and Ao Bing from the first movie After being alive in a big disaster called the “Heavenly Tribulation (天劫),” Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their bodies. Their spirits were in great danger until Taiyi Zhenren, a smart immortal (仙) from Chinese stories saved them with a magic seven-colored flower. But, peace didn’t last long. Their spirits started to fade again, making Taiyi Zhenren face a hard job—rebuilding their bodies with few things while solving unexpected problems. The film shows great character growth. Ne Zha, who was once famous for his wild spirit, learns to really care about his friends and knows himself better. His friend Ao Bing, who used to have personal problems, becomes a brave fighter. In a cool scene, Ao Bing bravely says, “If there’s no path, I’ll make one!” The movie looks really good. It starts with exciting scenes of lava (熔岩)lowing like crazy rivers and scary sea monsters jumping out of the water, making viewers feel part of the action.  Later, the story takes the audience to Mount Kunlun, a magic place from Chinese stories full of colorful views and nice fairy-like creatures. The most unforgettable part is the last battle, where characters use cool weapons like the shape-changing Tianyuan Ding. The quick fighting and amazing special effects leave a deep impression. Besides the action, Ne Zha II tells important life lessons. It makes people be brave when facing difficulties, fight for what is right, and care about friendship. These ideas are liked by both young and adult audiences. The film has broken box office records, making a lot of money in its first week. It has also got high praise from critics and viewers, and now it has an 8. 5 score on Douban, a big film review platform. Many people say it mixes cultural things, exciting stories, and good messages very well. 27. What does the first paragraph talk about? A. It describes the main characters of the film. B. It tells the main idea of the film C. It introduces the film’s director and its success. D. It compares the film with other animated films. 28. What does the underlined word “fade” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Become stronger. B. Become weaker. C. Stay the same. D. Disappear completely. 29. From the character growth of Ne Zha and Ao Bing, we can infer that ________. A. people can change for the better through experiences B. everyone can become a hero easily C. friendship has no influence on people’s growth D. personal problems are impossible to solve 30. This passage is most probably taken from ________ A. a science report B. a film magazine C. a history book D. a sports newspaper （25·陕西曲江市第一中学二模） When we talk about communication, we often think of communicating with others. But do you know that we also do communication with ourselves from time to time? Picture this: Your mom asks you what you would like for breakfast. Many foods come to your mind: pancakes, bread, porridge…. You think that it would be great to have pancakes. Until you tell your mom what you want to eat, you are communicating with yourself. We call this kind of communication intrapersonal communication (自我沟通). This can be talking to ourselves, reading, writing, thinking, understanding and remembering something. Intrapersonal communication plays a big role in our lives. Good intrapersonal communication allows you to understand yourself better. When you’re comfortable with who you are, and you know what you want, you can better get on with yourself. Also, intrapersonal communication helps you to keep an eye on your thoughts and feelings. When you find that your mind is full of negative thoughts and feelings and they make you sad, you will try to cheer up and get rid of those bad thoughts and feelings. What’s more, intrapersonal communication helps with your communication with others. Understanding your thoughts and feelings better allows you to put yourself in others’ shoes when you talk or listen to them. Often, you consider others more. Then, you can better understand and get on with them. 24. Which can be called intrapersonal communication in the following? A. Reading books. B. Having dinner. C. Playing sports. D. Watching TV. 25. From Paragraph 3, we can learn about the ________ of intrapersonal communication. A. right ways B. good points C. problems D. rules 26. What does the underlined part “get rid of” mean? A. Give up. B. Come up with. C. Take over. D. Keep on. 27. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2…) A. B. C. D. （25·西安交大附中三模） Around the 15th United Nations Chinese Language Day, which fell on April 20, some foreign students of Xi’an International Studies University practiced and enjoyed Chinese characters (汉字) together with some Chinese experts and teachers. It has been a tradition for some foreign Chinese speakers and Chinese teachers to get together to mark the special day. They enjoy sharing their understanding and benefits of this language. Chinese famous writer Lu Xun once said that the beauty of Chinese characters lies in three ways: their meanings educate the mind, their sounds please the ear, and their appearances please the eye. Another writer Yu Guangzhong also praised Chinese characters highly. The history of Chinese characters can date back over 3,000 years. To improve beauty and writing efficiency (效率), different kinds of characters were developed, such as zhuanshu, lishu, caoshu, and kaishu. The beauty of Chinese characters is still clear and popular today. Many Chinese characters not only carry meanings but also have cultural significance passed down through history. They are symbols of Chinese traditional culture. Through them, we can closely connect the past, present, and future of our country. According to a recent survey, more than 30 million people worldwide are learning Chinese. The language is taught in over 190 countries and areas. As more people can speak their mother languages and Chinese, the culture of Chinese characters is likely to be better understood and enjoyed worldwide. 44. How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a story. B. By giving an example. C. By making a comparison. D. By asking a question. 45. Why does the writer mention Lu Xun in Paragraph 2? A. To show the beauty of Chinese characters. B. To show China’s great culture. C. To introduce his writing style. D. To compare his works with Yu Guangzhong’s. 46. Which word is the closest in meaning to “significance” in Paragraph 4? A. interest B. importance C. history D. difference 47. The last paragraph mainly talks about the _________ of Chinese characters. A. beauty B. rules C. development D. popularity 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题06 阅读理解之说明文（解析版） 【五年考情回顾】 年份 体裁 主题内容 2025年 说明文 本文主要讲述了树木如何帮助城市节省金钱。 2024年 说明文 本文主要介绍乔纳斯·考夫曼是如何爱上意大利和它的音乐的。 2023年 说明文 本文主要介绍了帮助学生养成良好的学习习惯，更好地理解化学的建议。 2022年 说明文 本文由动物迁徙引出了英语的造词，告诉我们找出单词之间的关系并在一个或多个小组中学习它们也可以是学习语言的一种方式。 2021年 说明文 本文介绍了水资源对我们的重要性，以及它现在所面临的问题，呼吁人们要珍惜水资源。 （2025·陕西·中考真题） Most people agree that trees look nice. But not too many people know trees can also help us save money. Environmental scientists did some research and they learned that just one tree can save a city about 2,800 yuan over the tree’s lifetime. One way trees save money is by helping us save energy. Big trees stop the summer sun from shining directly to the buildings. Big trees block (遮挡) the winter wind. In this way, they help people to save the energy to make their homes and offices cool or warm. Saving energy means saving money! There are other ways for trees to help a city save money. For example, when it rains, a city’s sewers (下水道) fill up with water. Cities have to spend lots of money cleaning that water. But trees’ leaves and roots take in rainwater before it gets to the dirty sewers. With the help of trees, there is less water to clean and money is saved. 46. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. How to protect trees. B. How to study trees. C. How trees help cities save money. D. How trees make cities look nice. 47. The underlined word “they” refers to “_________”. A. city cleaners B. environmental scientists C. big trees D. tall buildings 48. To better support the topic sentence of Paragraph 3, the writer _________. A. gives an example B. asks a question C. uses pictures D. lists numbers 【答案】46. C 47. C 48. A 【解析】本文主要讲述了树木如何帮助城市节省金钱。 46. 主旨大意题。根据“Most people agree that trees look nice. But not too many people know trees can also help us save money.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论树木如何通过多种方式（如节约能源、吸收雨水等）帮助城市节省开支。故选C。 47. 词句猜测题。根据“Big trees stop the summer sun from shining directly to the buildings. Big trees block (遮挡) the winter wind. In this way, they help people to save the energy to make their homes and offices cool or warm.”可知，大树挡住了夏天的阳光直射到建筑物上。大树挡住了冬天的风。通过这种方式，它们帮助人们节省能源，使他们的家庭和办公室变冷或变暖，故此处的“they”指代前文提到的“big trees”，因为大树通过遮挡阳光和寒风帮助人们节约能源。故选C。 48. 细节理解题。根据“For example, when it rains, a city’s sewers (下水道) fill up with water.”可知，作者通过举例（雨水被树叶和根系吸收）来支持段落主题句“树木帮助城市节省金钱的其他方式”。故选A。 （2024·陕西·中考真题） SHARE THE MAGIC of Italian song with Jonas Kaufmann as he shows us both on and off stage, how he fell in love with Italy and its music. “ITALIANS LOVE TO SING. They sing in the street. They sing while they go about their business. It is not just a cliché—in Italy, you see grown-up men just singing while they work, because they want to somehow express their feelings. Music is not only to make you smile, music is to make you think, and sometimes to understand that you’re not the only one carrying great problems with you. By expressing that in a song, you can better live with it, because somebody found the right words, the right way to express what you’re feeling at that moment. The songs on this album show the whole range of emotions that Italian music is capable of, just like in opera...” —Jonas Kaufmann The word “album” in the text means a group of songs or pieces of music on a CD. The underlined part means the rich feelings that Italian music is able to express. 28. The songs on this album are sung in ________. A. Russian B. French C. English D. Italian 29. From Kaufmann’s words, we can know ________. A. how much Italians love music B. how he created his music C. his experience of learning music D. his advice on making music 30. Which of the following would Kaufmann most probably agree according to the text? A. Music is a tool to learn a language. B. Music can work as the key to the door of art. C. Music is the most beautiful art form. D. Music can make people less lonely. 【答案】28. D 29. A 30. D 【解析】本文主要介绍乔纳斯·考夫曼是如何爱上意大利和它的音乐的。 28. 细节理解题。根据“Dolce Vita is the Italian language for the English expression...”可知，专辑是意大利语的，故选D。 29. 细节理解题。根据“ITALIANS LOVE TO SING. They sing in the street. They sing while they go about their business. It is not just a cliché—in Italy, you see grown-up men just singing while they work, because they want to somehow express their feelings.”可知，意大利人喜欢唱歌。他们在街上唱歌。他们一边做自己的事一边唱歌。这不仅仅是一种陈词滥调——在意大利，你会看到成年男性在工作时唱歌，因为他们想以某种方式表达自己的感受。由此可知，意大利人非常喜欢音乐。故选A。 30. 推理判断题。根据“and sometimes to understand that you’re not the only one carrying great problems with you”可知，音乐有时候让明白你并不是唯一一个有大问题的人，所以音乐可以使人不那么孤独。故选D。 （2023·陕西·中考真题） Chemistry is usually thought to be more difficult than other subjects, at least for the beginners. There are some reasons for this idea. For one thing, chemistry has a very specialized vocabulary（学科专用语汇）. At first, studying chemistry is like learning a new language. Also, some concepts（概念）of chemistry are hard to understand. However, with hard work and careful study, you can finish this subject successfully— and even enjoy it. Here are some suggestions to help you develop good study habits and better understand the topics in the book: ●Firstly, attend classes on time. Listen to your teacher and take careful notes in class. If possible, always review the topics you learn in class, and review your notes on the same day. ●Secondly, think carefully whether you really understand the meaning of a term or the use of an equation（方程式）. A good way to test your understanding is to explain a concept to a classmate or someone else. ●Thirdly, pay attention to things which have something to do with chemistry in life. Watch or do experiments in class carefully. ●Fourthly, question often and do not be afraid to ask your teacher or classmates for help. You will find that chemistry is much more than numbers, formulas（分子式）and equations. It’s often used in daily life just like math and physics. Once you fall in love with it, you’ll get lots of fun. 24. How many suggestions does the writer give the readers? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 25. The writer thinks that a good way to test your understanding of the formula “H2CO3” is to ________. A. write it on the blackboard B. read it aloud in class C. explain it to someone else D. ask others the meaning of it 26. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. Chemistry is more often used than physics. B. Some concepts of chemistry are hard to understand. C. Studying chemistry is like learning our mother language. D. Chemistry is usually thought to be as difficult as other subjects. 27. The passage is mainly about ________. A. differences between chemistry and physics B. the importance of chemistry and physics C. why chemistry is hard for beginners D. how students study chemistry 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 【解析】本文主要介绍了帮助学生养成良好的学习习惯，更好地理解化学的建议。 24.细节理解题。根据“●Firstly...●Secondly...●Thirdly...●Fourthly”可知作者给读者4条建议，故选B。 25.细节理解题。根据“You will find that chemistry is much more than numbers, formulas（分子式）and equations. It’s often used in daily life just like math and physics.”可知作者认为测试你对“H2CO3”公式理解程度的一个好方法是向别人解释它。故选C。 26.细节理解题。根据“Also, some concepts（概念）of chemistry are hard to understand.”可知有些化学概念很难理解。故选B。 27.主旨大意题。根据“Here are some suggestions to help you develop good study habits and better understand the topics in the book:”可知本文主要介绍了帮助学生养成良好的学习习惯，更好地理解化学的建议，故选D。 （2022·陕西·中考真题 Do you know the word migrate? It is a word usually used to talk about certain animals such as birds, fish and so on. When animals migrate, they travel a long way from one part of the world to another according to the season. For example, swallows (燕子) migrate south in winter. Many animals migrate—they do this often at the same time and to the same place each year. They move to places where conditions are better—where the weather is warmer, where there is more food and water, or where their young will be safer. People also migrate. When people migrate, they go to live in another area or country, especially in order to find work. In English, when people leave their home country in order to live in another country, we use the word emigrate instead of migrate. From migrate and emigrate come the words migration and emigration. However, if people move from their home country to another to live there forever (永久地), the word changes from emigrate to immigrate in the English language. Then the word immigration is born. Isn’t word-making of the English language interesting? And can this process (过程) of finding out the relationships between words and learning them in a group or groups be a way for you to learn the language? Based on Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 6th edition. 28. Which of the following situations can match the main idea of Paragraph 1? A. Snakes move into holes to sleep in winter. B. Fish swim to clean waters because of pollution. C. Birds fly very far away to find food and return to give it to their babies. D Monarch butterflies in North America fly south to stay away from the cold. 29. According to the passage, if people ________ , they leave their home country to live in another forever. A. travel B. migrate C. emigrate D. immigrate 30. The passage is written to ________. A. introduce migration of animals B. tell readers a way of learning English C. show how English words change D. explain why people migrate 【答案】28. D 29. D 30. B 【解析】本文由动物迁徙引出了英语的造词，告诉我们找出单词之间的关系并在一个或多个小组中学习它们也可以是学习语言的一种方式。 28.推理判断题。根据“When animals migrate, they travel a long way from one part of the world to another according to the season”可知当动物迁徙时，它们会根据季节从世界的一个地方长途跋涉到另一个地方，故选项D“北美帝王蝶南飞避寒”符合第一段的主旨。故选D。 29.细节理解题。根据“if people move from their home country to another to live there forever (永久地), the word changes from emigrate to immigrate in the English language”可知如果人们从他们的祖国搬到另一个国家永远住在那里，这个词在英语中从emigrate变为immigrate。故选D。 30.主旨大意题。本文由动物迁徙引出了英语的造词，告诉我们找出单词之间的关系并在一个或多个小组中学习它们也可以是学习语言的一种方式。故选B。 （2021·陕西·中考真题） Look at the Earth from space. Why does our planet look so blue? It’s blue because water covers almost three quarters of the Earth’s surface. Water is not just an important part of our planet. It is an important part of our body, too. More than half of our total body weight is water. Our body loses water whenever we exercise or go to the toilet. That’s why we need to drink plenty of water every day. We drink water. We use it to cook, clean, and carry waste out of our homes. Farmers use it to grow vegetables and crops like rice and corn; factories use it to make products. Since the 1950s, the amount（数量）of water people use has increased by three times. But the water supply（供应）hasn’t. Scientists worry that soon there won’t be enough water for us, as well as for the animals and plants that share our world. What can we do to help? Use water wisely. Having enough water isn’t our only problem. We also need it clean. Right now, ships and factories are putting wastes into seas, rivers and so on. Even chemicals that farmers use are running into rivers and lakes. All this pollution can make the water dangerous to drink. It can also harm fish and other water-living lives. We must do something to stop pollution. It’s the best way to protect our world’s most valuable natural resource（资源）. 24. How many important areas of water are mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 25. The underlined sentence “We also need it clean” in Paragraph 4 means” ________.” A. We also need water to wash things B. We also need water that looks clean C. We also need to keep water clean D. We also need to discover clean water 26. This passage was written to ________ A. ask people to value water B. advise people to drink more water C. introduce the uses of water D. describe the situation of water supply 【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 【解析】本文介绍了水资源对我们的重要性，以及它现在所面临的问题，呼吁人们要珍惜水资源。 24.细节理解题。根据“Water is not just an important part of our planet. It is an important part of our body, too”可知，水不仅仅是地球的重要组成部分，它也是我们身体的一个重要部分；一共提到了两个水资源的重要区域，故选B。 25.句意猜测题。根据下文“Right now, ships and factories are putting wastes into seas, rivers and so on”可知，下文讲述了水污染的情况，所以我们必须要保持水资源是干净的，划线句子与C选项的句子同义，故选C。 26.主旨大意题。根据“We must do something to stop pollution. It’s the best way to protect our world’s most valuable natural resource”可知，作者的目的是让人们珍惜水资源，故选A。 （25·西安交大附中一模） Having a collection of good things bring you comfort, relax you and lift your emotion（情绪）, which means you will have the tools to help yourself feel better. What is self-care? Self-care is looking after your mind and body. It’s taking care of your mental（精神的）and emotional health, as well as your physical health. You are practicing self-care even if you don’t realize it. Brushing your teeth is self-care. Going to bed because you’re tired, doing enough sports and reminding yourself that you’re doing your best are also examples of self-care. Taking care of yourself is important because it builds your self-confidence, too. Confidence comes from trusting and knowing yourself well. When you practice self-care, you’re looking after your own needs. This builds more trust therefore helps increase your confidence. Showing kindness to yourself helps you to feel happier. Make your own self-care kit（自我护理包） A self-care kit is a collection of things that helps you look after yourself. Things to collect in a self-care kit might include a photo album（相册）of the people and animals you love; a special treasure; a favourite snack; something that smells or feels nice; and a playlist of your favourite songs. Think about what helps you to feel calm, happy and comfortable when you’re feeling sad or worried. Keep those things in a little bag or box. Whenever you’re not feeling good, you can turn to your self-care kit and choose something from it to help you feel better. Over time you might change things in your kit, depending on what you feel most useful. 27. Which of the following are the actions of self-care according to Paragraph 2? ①Talking with people. ②Brushing your teeth. ③Going to bed early. ④Doing enough exercise. A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 28. Why is it important to take care of yourself? A. Because it will build your self-confidence. B. Because it makes you trust others well. C. Because it leads you to live a better life. D. Because it lets you show kindness to families. 29. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A. A little bag. B. A self-care kit. C. A playlist of songs. D. A photo album. 30. In which part of the magazine can you read the passage? A. Animal. B. Health. C. Food. D. Environment. 【答案】27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 【解析】本文主要介绍了什么是自我关爱，包括照顾身体和心理健康、提高自信心以及如何制作自我关爱工具包。 27. 细节理解题。根据“Brushing your teeth is self-care. Going to bed because you’re tired, doing enough sports and reminding yourself that you’re doing your best are also examples of self-care.”可知，刷牙是自我护理。累了就睡觉，做足够的运动，提醒自己你已经尽力了，这些都是自我护理的例子。可知自我护理包括刷牙、早点睡觉和做足够的运动等。故选D。 28. 细节理解题。根据“Taking care of yourself is important because it builds your self-confidence, too.”可知照顾好自己很重要是因为它会建立你的自信。故选A。 29. 词句猜测题。根据“Whenever you’re not feeling good, you can turn to your self-care kit and choose something from it to help you feel better.”可知，每当你感觉不好的时候，你可以求助于你的自我护理工具包，从中选择一些东西来帮助你感觉更好。可猜测出下划线单词it应指代的是：自我护理包。故选B。 30. 推理判断题。根据“Self-care is looking after your mind and body. It’s taking care of your mental and emotional health, as well as your physical health.”可知，自我护理就是照顾自己的身心。它照顾你的心理和情绪健康，以及你的身体健康。因此可推断出我们可以在杂志的健康部分读到这篇文章。故选B。 （25·西安第八十五中学一模） Datiehua: means “making iron flowers”. This old art was first developed and practiced by ironsmiths (铁匠). It gradually became a tradition in some parts of China. The performers need to heat iron in a pot to turn it into liquid(液体). When the liquid reaches about 1,700 degrees Celsius, they scoop up (舀起) the liquid and hit it hard with a plank (木板). This creates a shower of sparks. Yang Jianjun is a datiehua performer in Henan Province. In its more than 1,000 years of history, datiehua has had few female (女性) performers. So he was surprised when Jiang Xunqian and her team contacted him. The 27-year-old girl creator wanted to try her hand at the old art. Yang told her about all the dangers. If the hot liquid is not struck correctly, it can burn the skin. Jiang, however, didn’t want to give up. At last, Yang decided to give her a chance. With Yang’s help, Jiang began her training. She struck stones, sand and water to build up her strength. After a month of training, the day of her first performance finally came. When night fell, Jiang and other performers put on a wonderful show. The sparks looked like beautiful fireworks. During the show, Jiang got some small injuries. “Some sparks fell on me. They burned my skin and a few strands of hair,” she said. “But it was worthwhile.” After Jiang’s team posted the video of the show online, it became a hit. Many people became interested in the art and learned more about it. “We’re very excited to bring the art to new audiences!” said Jiang. 27. Which of the following is the steps to make iron flowers? ①create a shower of sparks ②heat iron in a pot ③hit the liquid with a plank ④scoop up the liquid ⑤turn iron into liquid A. ①④⑤②③ B. ③①②⑤④ C. ④①③②⑤ D. ②⑤④③① 28. What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase “try her hand”? A. Perform with hands. B. Experience by herself. C. Help with the art. D. Teach in person. 29. Why was Yang surprised that Jiang wanted to try her hand at datiehua? A. Because Jiang was so crazy for datiehua. B. Because Jiang was too young to get the training. C. Because Jiang was so brave to learn datiehua as a woman. D. Because Jiang would like to help him with the performance. 30. What’s the purpose of Jiang Xunqian’s words in the last paragraph? A. To call more people’s attention to the old art. B. To invite more fans to watch her videos online. C. To ask more young people to take up this traditional art. D. To spread Chinese culture better by making more videos. 【答案】27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 【解析】本文主要介绍了表演艺术“打铁花”。 27. 细节理解题。根据第一段“The performers need to heat iron in a pot to turn it into liquid (液体) … they scoop up (舀起) the liquid and hit it hard with a plank (木板). This creates a shower of sparks.”可知，顺序是②将铁加热在一个盆子里；⑤使铁成为液体；④舀起液体；③用木板用力击打；①产生火花。因此正确的顺序是②⑤④③①。故选D。 28. 词句猜测题。根据第二段“The 27-year-old content creator wanted to try her hand at the old art. Yang told her about all the dangers.”可知，划线词后提到了杨告知了她危险，因此划线词指的是“亲身体验”。故选B。 29. 细节理解题。根据第二段“In its more than 1,000 years of history, datiehua has had few female performers. So he was surprised when Jiang Xunqian and her team contacted him.”可知，是因为姜作为一个女人是如此勇敢地学习“打铁花”。故选C。 30. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We’re very excited to bring the art to new audiences!”可知，最后说的那句话是为了唤起更多人对古老艺术的关注。故选A。 （25·西安铁一中学一模） Recently, something unusual happened—Earth gained a “second moon”. Scientists say it will stay around for nearly two months. A moon is an object that moves around a planet. The “second moon”, called 2024 PT5, is a small, rocky planet flying around the Sun. Compared with the Moon, which is 2,159.2 miles across, 2024 PT5 is only 10 metres wide. It is too small and dark to be found with the human eye but can be seen by using professional telescopes (望远镜). NASA (美国航空航天局) first noticed 2024 PT5 on 7 August. Scientists studied how this small planet was travelling on and worked out that it would travel close enough to Earth to get pulled by our planet’s gravity (重力). 2024 PT5 is expected to stay in Earth’s orbit (轨道) until it breaks free on 25 November. After that, it will continue its journey around the Sun. That won’t be the last that we see the mini-moon, though. Researchers say that it will fly past Earth again in January next year, and then in 2055. This isn’t the first time Earth has caught such a small planet in its orbit. Scientists have recorded it several times before. Astronomer (天文学家) Dr. Jenifer Millard said, “This shows how busy our solar system (太阳系) is and how much we haven’t discovered out there, because this small planet was only discovered this year.” 27. How does the writer describe the size of 2024 PT5? A. By telling a story. B. By comparing facts. C. By showing a saying. D. By asking questions. 28. When was 2024 PT5 discovered first? A. In August 2024. B. In January 2024. C. In September 2024. D. In November 2025. 29. How many times can we see the mini-moon before 2055? A. Only once. B. Two times. C. Three times. D. Four times. 30. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Earth Gets a “Second Moon” B. Something Unusual on the Moon C. Why a Small Planet Gets into Earth’s Orbit D. How a Second Moon Travels Around Earth 【答案】27. B 28. A 29. B 30. A 【解析】本文介绍了地球上的“第二个月亮”。 27. 细节理解题。根据“Compared with the Moon, which is 2,159.2 miles across, 2024 PT5 is only 10 metres wide.”可知，文章通过将“第二月球”与真正的月球进行对比来突出它的大小差异，故选B。 28. 细节理解题。根据“NASA (美国航空航天局) first noticed 2024 PT5 on 7 August.”可知，文中明确提到NASA于8月7日首次观测到这颗小行星，故选A。 29. 细节理解题。根据“2024 PT5 is expected to stay in Earth’s orbit until it breaks free on 25 November.”以及“That won’t be the last that we see the mini-moon, though. Researchers say that it will fly past Earth again in January next year, and then in 2055.”可知，文中说它将于今年11月离开轨道，明年1月再次飞近地球，下次则是2055年，因此在2055年之前会出现两次，故选B。 30. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了地球发现“第二个月亮”的过程及情况，故选A。 （25·西安第三中学一模） In China, there are many kinds of traditional culture. Here are some examples of Chinese traditional culture. Calligraphy (书法) is liked by many people, including many foreigners. It is usually made up of soft brush calligraphy and hard-tipped pen calligraphy. In ancient China, there were many great calligraphy works such as Preface to Lanting Collection. Those calligraphy works are very valuable to every Chinese learning calligraphy and many people like to study handwriting skills from them. In Chinese history, there are many famous calligraphers such as Yan Zhenqing, Wang Xizhi, Liu Gongquan, Zhao Mengfu in ancient China and Yu Youren, Qi Gong, Cao Baolin, Ouyang Zhongshi in new China. They have created many calligraphy works and show us the beauty of calligraphy. Chinese traditional paintings are usually created by people with brush, colorful paint and water. The Chinese traditional painting consists of three main parts from the theme (题材) and they are people, mountains and water, flowers and birds. The earliest Chinese traditional paintings appeared about two thousand years ago. During Chinese history, there were lots of excellent painters such as Yan Liben, WuDaozi, Mi Fu, Shi Tao, Qi Baishi and Xu Beihong. And my favourite one is Zhang Zeduan*. In a word, calligraphy and Chinese traditional paintings are important parts in Chinese traditional culture. * Preface to Lanting Collection: It is one of the most famous calligraphy works and it was created by WangXizhi in 353 AD in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. * Zhang Zeduan: He is a great painter in the Song Dynasty. His painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival is one of the greatest paintings in China and it is in the Palace Museum now. 24. The writer introduces ________ famous calligraphers to us in Paragraph 3. A. 9 B. 8 C. 7 D. 6 25. What do the underlined words “consists of” mean in the passage? A. Is made up of. B. Is used to. C. Is made from. D. Is taken care of. 26. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Preface to Lanting Collection was created by Wang Xizhi in 335 AD in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. B. Yan Zhenqing and Yu Youren lived in the same time period. C. The earliest Chinese traditional paintings appeared about 3,000 years ago. D. Along the River During the Qingming Festival is one of the greatest paintings in China. 27. The correct structure (结构) of this passage is _________. (P1 = Paragraph 1) A. B. C. D. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了中国的书法和绘画。 24. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“In Chinese history, there are many famous calligraphers such as Yan Zhenqing, Wang Xizhi, Liu Gongquan, Zhao Mengfu in ancient China and Yu Youren, Qi Gong, Cao Baolin, Ouyang Zhongshi in new China.”可知，作者在第三段向我们介绍了颜真卿、王羲之、柳公权、赵孟頫、于右任、启功、曹宝麟和欧阳中石八位著名的书法家。故选B。 25. 词句猜测题。根据划线词组所在句的后半句“they are people, mountains and water, flowers and birds.”可知，中国画由人物、山水、花鸟三部分组成，所以consist of意为“由……组成”，与be made up of意思相同。故选A。 26. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“His painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival is one of the greatest paintingsin China”可知，张择端是宋代一位伟大的画家，他的《清明上河图》是中国最伟大的画作之一。D选项表述正确。故选D。 27. 篇章结构题。阅读文章可知，第一段是总写，第二、三段介绍中国书法及书法家，第四段介绍中国绘画，第五段总结全文。选项C的结构图与之符合。故选C。 （25·陕西咸阳市中一模） Language changes all the time. New words and phrases appear and grow. The words used by young people in the UK can be very different from those used by adults. Living in a multi—cultural (多元文化的) society has an effect on language, especially on young people, whose friends are often from a mix of backgrounds. Young British people use lots of language that you usually can’t find in most dictionaries. These informal words and expressions are known as “slang (俚语)”. It is not possible to make a complete list of modern British slang. By the time the list were finished, it would be out of date! Here are a few examples: “Sorted!”, “Sound!” and “Cool!” all mean “That’s good!” “Whatever” means “I don’t care”. (e. g. A: But he says we can’t leave until we’ve finished. B:Whatever. I’m going.) “He’s fine.” And “He’s fit.” both mean “He’s good—looking.” “Fine” and “fit” can describe a boy or a girl. However, not everybody likes slang. A school in Sheffield asked its pupils to stop using slang words, such as hiya (hello). The head teacher says that if young people learn to speak “correctly”, this will help them get a place at university. So, how important is it to understand these slang words and expressions? If you watch movies in English, chat online in English or are interested in English song lyrics (歌词), understanding slang will be very useful. You probably won’t see much slang in your English exam, though. 24. If you are happy for your best friend getting the first prize in a competition, which slang could best describe your feeling? A. Whatever. B. Fine. C. Hiya. D. Sorted. 25. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Modern slang changes very quickly. B. “Fit” is only used to describe boys. C. Young people always use the same slang as their parents. D. Understanding slang is very helpful in doing English exam papers. 26. The writer’s main purpose is to ________. A. explain the best way to learn slang B. tell readers about British slang C. discuss that slang should be stopped D. interest readers with slang words 【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了新的单词和短语一直在出现，语言一直在变。一些语言比如说俚语在字典里是找不到的。 24. 推理判断题。根据“‘Sorted!’, ‘Sound!’ and ‘Cool!’ all mean ‘That’s good!’”可知，“Sorted”表示“太好了”，因此用来表达对朋友获奖的喜悦感情最合适。故选D。 25. 推理判断题。根据“It is not possible to make a complete list of modern British slang. By the time the list was finished, it would be out of date!”可知，要列出一份完整的现代英国俚语清单是不可能的；当列表完成的时候，它已经过时了！由此推知，现代俚语变化很快。故选A。 26. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者介绍的是英国人使用俚语的情况，说明不断出现的新单词和短语对语言的影响。故选B。 （25·西安工业大学一模） Plastic is man-made and can be produced from natural materials like coal and oil. Plastic is really useful and we use it every day. But what happens after we throw it away is causing a big problem for our planet. It’s thought that more than five trillion (万亿) pieces of plastic are in the world's oceans and it can take years for them to break down. Why is plastic a problem? The problem with plastic is that most of it isn't biodegradable (可生物降解的). It doesn’t rot (腐烂), like paper or food, so instead it can stay for hundreds of years. Each year, 400 million tons of plastic is produced and 40% of that is single-use plastic, such as shopping bags, drinks bottles and food packets. More than 8 million tons of plastic enters the world's oceans each year. It can be blown into the sea from ships and beaches, or carried there by river. Some also gets flushed (冲走) down the toilet. Another problem is that not all plastic can be recycled. This might be because of the way it is made up or because it is too expensive or difficult to do. Some coffee cups, for example, have a waterproof plastic inside surface which can make them difficult to recycle. Every day seven million cardboard coffee cups are thrown away but only a few can be recycled. How does plastic harm animals? Experts think that by 2050, the amount of plastic in the ocean will weigh more than the number of fish in the ocean. All animals, whether they live on land or in the sea, can be impaired by plastic. They can get stuck in bigger items such as shopping bags or food packages. Birds, fish and shellfish can mistake plastic for food when it has broken down into smaller pieces. One in three sea turtles, and around 90% of seabirds, have eaten it. They can’t digest (消化) plastic so their stomachs can become full, meaning they don’t have room for actual food. Each year, 100,000 animals in the sea are killed by plastic. 28. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A. To interest readers. B. To lead in the main topic. C. To come up with the solution. D. To summarize the passage. 29. How did the author support his idea of “Why is plastic a problem”? A. By using numbers. B. By describing the processes. C. By explaining meaning. D. By making comparisons. 30. What does the underlined word “impaired” mean in the fourth paragraph? A. Helped. B. Hurt. C. Scared. D. Missed. 【答案】28. B 29. A 30. B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了塑料带来的问题。 28. 推理判断题。根据“Plastic is really useful and we use it every day. But what happens after we throw it away is causing a big problem for our planet.”可知，第一段先阐述塑料的实用性，接着指出其丢弃后引发的问题，从而引出文章关于塑料问题的主要话题，故选B。 29. 细节理解题。根据“Each year, 400 million tons of plastic is produced and 40% of that is single - use plastic... More than 8 million tons of plastic enters the world's oceans each year.”可知，作者通过列举大量数字，如生产塑料的吨数、一次性塑料的占比、进入海洋的塑料吨数等，来支撑“塑料为什么是个问题”这一观点，故选A。 30. 词义猜测题。根据“They can get stuck in bigger items such as shopping bags or food packages. Birds, fish and shellfish can mistake plastic for food when it has broken down into smaller pieces... Each year, 100,000 animals in the sea are killed by plastic.”可知，动物会被塑料缠住、误吞塑料，每年还有大量动物因塑料死亡，所以“impaired”意思应该是“伤害”，与hurt同义，故选B。 （25·西安师大附属中学中二模） During Chinese Spring Festival, the news that an actress in Taiwan died of the flu has shocked many people. Many begin to exercise in different ways for health, and Baduanjin, seems quite popular. You’ve probably heard how Chinese culture is packed with ancient and modern methods for staying fit. Baduanjin, known as a traditional Chinese fitness Qigong*, doesn’t need much space or time. It uses special breathing skills to improve both physical and mental well-being. This Qigong style centers on breathing—by taking slow, deep breaths, helps relax our body and calms the mind. Baduanjin started as early as in the Song Dynasty. It has a history of more than 800 years. In the beginning, it was developed as a way to improve the physical health of soldiers (士兵). Over time, it developed into a comprehensive (全面的) system of exercises practiced by both martial artists (武术家) and common people. Practice of Baduanjin is believed to bring lots of health benefits such as improving physical health, helping sleep, improving mental state and reducing stress. The biggest advantage of Baduanjin lies in its accessibility (易懂性). People of all ages and fitness levels can practice it without any special tools or experience. Whether performed in the park or at one’s home, Baduanjin provides gentle yet effective care for both body and mind. There are a total of eight movements in Baduanjin, each with its own focus. It has been handed down through the centuries as eight short and simple sentences. Four of the eight movements in Baduanjin are like following: Although Baduanjin has a long history and seems to be designed for old people, more and more younger generations begin practicing it, which better helps spread Chinese traditional culture. Many bloggers have posted the instructional videos online to teach online users. Someday, it will spread worldwide for others to see the great Chinese culture. * The word “Qigong” means a system of deep-breathing exercises. 24. Who was Baduanjin designed for at first? A. Army men. B. Common people. C. Artists. D. Old people. 25. The biggest advantage of Baduanjin is ________. A. It doesn’t need much space or time. B. Whether you are young or old, good at it or not, you can play it. C. Baduanjin has a long history and is designed for old people. D. It is popular around the world. 26. Which of the following statement is TRUE? A. Bauduanjin is not helpful to reduce people’s stress. B. There are four movements in Baduanjin while playing it. C. Baduanjin focuses on breathing control. D. People cannot learn Baduanjin by watching online instructional videos. 27. In which part of a magazine can we read the passage? A. Technology. B. Culture. C. Industry. D. Fashion. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. B 【解析】本文主要介绍了八段锦。 24. 细节理解题。根据“In the beginning, it was developed as a way to improve the physical health of soldiers (士兵).”可知，起初，它是作为一种改善士兵身体健康的方法而发展起来的。故选A。 25. 细节理解题。根据“The biggest advantage of Baduanjin lies in its accessibility (易懂性). People of all ages and fitness levels can practice it without any special tools or experience.”可知，所有年龄和健康水平的人都可以练习，不需要任何特殊的工具或经验。故选B。 26. 细节理解题。根据“This Qigong style centers on breathing—by taking slow, deep breaths, helps relax our body and calms the mind.”可知，八段锦以呼吸为中心——通过缓慢的深呼吸，帮助我们放松身体，平静心灵。故选C。 27. 推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了八段锦，属于中国的传统文化，故选B。 （25·西安工业大学附属中二模） The animated film Ne Zha II: The Battle of the Sea, came out on January 29, 2025, and became a big success in the film industry. Directed by Sichuan-born director Jiaozi (Yang Yu), it continues the exciting story of Ne Zha and Ao Bing from the first movie After being alive in a big disaster called the “Heavenly Tribulation (天劫),” Ne Zha and Ao Bing lost their bodies. Their spirits were in great danger until Taiyi Zhenren, a smart immortal (仙) from Chinese stories saved them with a magic seven-colored flower. But, peace didn’t last long. Their spirits started to fade again, making Taiyi Zhenren face a hard job—rebuilding their bodies with few things while solving unexpected problems. The film shows great character growth. Ne Zha, who was once famous for his wild spirit, learns to really care about his friends and knows himself better. His friend Ao Bing, who used to have personal problems, becomes a brave fighter. In a cool scene, Ao Bing bravely says, “If there’s no path, I’ll make one!” The movie looks really good. It starts with exciting scenes of lava (熔岩)lowing like crazy rivers and scary sea monsters jumping out of the water, making viewers feel part of the action.  Later, the story takes the audience to Mount Kunlun, a magic place from Chinese stories full of colorful views and nice fairy-like creatures. The most unforgettable part is the last battle, where characters use cool weapons like the shape-changing Tianyuan Ding. The quick fighting and amazing special effects leave a deep impression. Besides the action, Ne Zha II tells important life lessons. It makes people be brave when facing difficulties, fight for what is right, and care about friendship. These ideas are liked by both young and adult audiences. The film has broken box office records, making a lot of money in its first week. It has also got high praise from critics and viewers, and now it has an 8. 5 score on Douban, a big film review platform. Many people say it mixes cultural things, exciting stories, and good messages very well. 27. What does the first paragraph talk about? A. It describes the main characters of the film. B. It tells the main idea of the film C. It introduces the film’s director and its success. D. It compares the film with other animated films. 28. What does the underlined word “fade” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Become stronger. B. Become weaker. C. Stay the same. D. Disappear completely. 29. From the character growth of Ne Zha and Ao Bing, we can infer that ________. A. people can change for the better through experiences B. everyone can become a hero easily C. friendship has no influence on people’s growth D. personal problems are impossible to solve 30. This passage is most probably taken from ________ A. a science report B. a film magazine C. a history book D. a sports newspaper 【答案】27. C 28. B 29. A 30. B 【解析】本文主要介绍了电影《哪吒之魔童降世》。 27. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The animated film Ne Zha II: The Battle of the Sea, came out on January 29, 2025, and became a big success in the film industry. Directed by Sichuan-born director Jiaozi (Yang Yu), it continues the exciting story of Ne Zha and Ao Bing from the first movie”可知，第一段介绍了这部电影的导演和它的成功。故选C。 28. 词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句“Their spirits started to fade again, making Taiyi Zhenren face a hard job—rebuilding their bodies with few things while solving unexpected problems.”可知，此处应该指精神又变得更弱了。故选B。 29. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Ne Zha, who was once famous for his wild spirit, learns to really care about his friends and knows himself better. His friend Ao Bing, who used to have personal problems, becomes a brave fighter.”可知，哪吒曾以他的狂野精神而闻名，他学会了真正关心自己的朋友，并更好地了解自己。他的朋友敖丙曾经有过个人问题，现在变成了一名勇敢的战士。所以，从哪吒和敖丙的性格成长中，我们可以推断出：人们可以通过经历变得更好。故选A。 30. 推理判断题。根据第一段“The animated film Ne Zha II: The Battle of the Sea, came out on January 29, 2025, and became a big success in the film industry.”和全文可知，本文主要介绍了电影《哪吒之魔童降世》。所以，这篇文章很可能选自电影杂志。故选B。 （25·陕西曲江市第一中学二模） When we talk about communication, we often think of communicating with others. But do you know that we also do communication with ourselves from time to time? Picture this: Your mom asks you what you would like for breakfast. Many foods come to your mind: pancakes, bread, porridge…. You think that it would be great to have pancakes. Until you tell your mom what you want to eat, you are communicating with yourself. We call this kind of communication intrapersonal communication (自我沟通). This can be talking to ourselves, reading, writing, thinking, understanding and remembering something. Intrapersonal communication plays a big role in our lives. Good intrapersonal communication allows you to understand yourself better. When you’re comfortable with who you are, and you know what you want, you can better get on with yourself. Also, intrapersonal communication helps you to keep an eye on your thoughts and feelings. When you find that your mind is full of negative thoughts and feelings and they make you sad, you will try to cheer up and get rid of those bad thoughts and feelings. What’s more, intrapersonal communication helps with your communication with others. Understanding your thoughts and feelings better allows you to put yourself in others’ shoes when you talk or listen to them. Often, you consider others more. Then, you can better understand and get on with them. 24. Which can be called intrapersonal communication in the following? A. Reading books. B. Having dinner. C. Playing sports. D. Watching TV. 25. From Paragraph 3, we can learn about the ________ of intrapersonal communication. A. right ways B. good points C. problems D. rules 26. What does the underlined part “get rid of” mean? A. Give up. B. Come up with. C. Take over. D. Keep on. 27. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2…) A. B. C. D. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. A 27. C 【解析】本文主要介绍了“自我沟通”及其优点。 24. 细节理解题。根据“We call this kind of communication intrapersonal communication (自我沟通). This can be talking to ourselves, reading, writing, thinking, understanding and remembering something.”可知，我们称这种沟通为“人际沟通”。这可以是自言自语、阅读、写作、思考、理解和记忆。故选A。 25. 段落大意题。根据“Good intrapersonal communication allows you to understand yourself better. When you’re comfortable with who you are, and you know what you want, you can better get on with yourself. Also, intrapersonal communication helps you to keep an eye on your thoughts and feelings.”可知，良好的自我沟通能让你更好地了解自己；此外，自我沟通有助于你关注自己的想法和感受。由此可知，从第三段，我们可以了解到自我沟通的优点。故选B。 26. 词义猜测题。根据“When you find that your mind is full of negative thoughts and feelings and they make you sad, you will try to cheer up and get rid of those bad thoughts and feelings.”可知，当你发现你的脑海里充满了消极的想法和感受，它们让你悲伤时，你会努力振作起来，摆脱这些坏的想法和感觉，故此处划线部分和Give up意义相近。故选A。 27. 篇章结构题。第一段用于引出“自我沟通”的话题，为第一部分；第二段介绍了什么是“自我沟通”，为第二部分；第三、四段介绍了“自我沟通”的优点，为第三部分。故选C。 （25·西安交大附中三模） Around the 15th United Nations Chinese Language Day, which fell on April 20, some foreign students of Xi’an International Studies University practiced and enjoyed Chinese characters (汉字) together with some Chinese experts and teachers. It has been a tradition for some foreign Chinese speakers and Chinese teachers to get together to mark the special day. They enjoy sharing their understanding and benefits of this language. Chinese famous writer Lu Xun once said that the beauty of Chinese characters lies in three ways: their meanings educate the mind, their sounds please the ear, and their appearances please the eye. Another writer Yu Guangzhong also praised Chinese characters highly. The history of Chinese characters can date back over 3,000 years. To improve beauty and writing efficiency (效率), different kinds of characters were developed, such as zhuanshu, lishu, caoshu, and kaishu. The beauty of Chinese characters is still clear and popular today. Many Chinese characters not only carry meanings but also have cultural significance passed down through history. They are symbols of Chinese traditional culture. Through them, we can closely connect the past, present, and future of our country. According to a recent survey, more than 30 million people worldwide are learning Chinese. The language is taught in over 190 countries and areas. As more people can speak their mother languages and Chinese, the culture of Chinese characters is likely to be better understood and enjoyed worldwide. 44. How does the writer start the passage? A. By telling a story. B. By giving an example. C. By making a comparison. D. By asking a question. 45. Why does the writer mention Lu Xun in Paragraph 2? A. To show the beauty of Chinese characters. B. To show China’s great culture. C. To introduce his writing style. D. To compare his works with Yu Guangzhong’s. 46. Which word is the closest in meaning to “significance” in Paragraph 4? A. interest B. importance C. history D. difference 47. The last paragraph mainly talks about the _________ of Chinese characters. A. beauty B. rules C. development D. popularity 【答案】44. B 45. A 46. B 47. D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了中国汉字的发展和影响力。 44. 细节理解题。根据“Around the 15th United Nations Chinese Language Day, which fell on April 20, some foreign students of Xi’an International… with some Chinese experts and teachers.”可知，在4月20日左右的第15个联合国中文日，西安外国语大学的一些外国学生与一些中国专家和教师一起练习和享受了汉字，所以，作者通过举例开始这篇文章的。故选B。 45. 细节理解题。根据“Chinese famous writer Lu Xun once said… also praised Chinese characters highly.”可知，中国著名作家鲁迅曾说过，汉字之美在于三方面：其意育人之心，其音悦耳，其形悦目，另一位作家余光中也对汉字给予了高度赞扬，所以，作者在第二段提到鲁迅目的是展示汉字的美。故选A。 46. 词句猜测题。根据“Many Chinese characters not only carry meanings but also have cultural significance passed down through history.”可知， 许多汉字不仅承载着意义，还具有通过历史传承下来的文化价值，所以，“significance”和“importance”同义，都是说明文化的重要性和意义。故选B。 47. 主旨大意题。根据“According to a recent survey… to be better understood and enjoyed worldwide.”可知，最近的一项调查表明，全世界有3000多万人在学习中文，该语言在190多个国家和地区教授，随着越来越多的人能够用母语和中文交流，汉字文化有望被世界各地更好地理解和欣赏。由此可知，最后一段主要讨论了汉字的流行程度。故选D。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$