专题16 阅读理解之主旨大意题(题型与策略)-2025年暑假新七年级英语衔接学习与能力提升专练(通用版)

2025年暑假新七年级英语衔接学习系列 专题16 阅读理解之主旨大意题(题型与策略) 一、题型特点 主旨大意题主要考查同学们对文章整体内容的把握能力，需要同学们能够概括出文章的核心思想、主要内容或作者写作的意图。这类题型要求同学们从宏观角度去理解文章，而不是局限于某一个细节。文章的主旨大意可能直接在文中明确表述，也可能需要同学们通过对各个段落的分析、归纳来总结得出。例如，一篇介绍动物的文章，主旨大意可能是阐述动物的生活习性、特点，或者强调保护动物的重要性等。它不同于细节理解题，不是针对某个具体的事实或信息提问，而是关注文章的整体方向和核心要点。 二、常考方法 命题者通常会给出一篇英语文章，然后设置关于文章主旨大意的问题。这些文章题材多样，可能是记叙文，讲述一个故事；可能是说明文，介绍某个事物或现象；也可能是议论文，表达作者对某一观点的看法等。题目会要求同学们从所给的选项中，选出最能概括文章主旨的一项。例如，在一篇讲述学生参加志愿者活动的记叙文后，问题可能是 “What is the main idea of the passage?”，选项可能包括 “A. The importance of volunteering”（志愿服务的重要性）、“B. How students organized a volunteer activity”（学生们如何组织一次志愿者活动）、“C. The students' experiences and feelings during the volunteer activity”（学生们在志愿者活动中的经历和感受）等，需要同学们通过对文章的理解来判断正确答案。 三、提问方式 1文章主旨类 What does the text /passage (mainly) tell us?（这篇文章主要告诉我们什么？） What is the text mainly about?（这篇文章主要是关于什么的？） What does the writer want to tell us?（作者想告诉我们什么？） 2.标题归纳类 What’s / What is the best title for the text /passage/story?（这篇文章 / 故事的最佳标题是什么？） 3.段落主旨类 What is the main idea of Paragraph X?（第 X 段的主要意思是什么？） 四、解答策略 关注文章首尾段和段落首句：许多文章会在开头或结尾明确表达主旨。开头可能会提出文章要讨论的主题，结尾则可能对全文进行总结概括。例如，一篇介绍四季的说明文，开头可能就点明 “The four seasons - spring, summer, autumn and winter, each has its own unique features.”（四季 —— 春、夏、秋、冬，各有其独特的特点），直接表明文章要围绕四季的特点展开。同时，每一段的首句也往往是该段的中心句，概括了该段的主要内容。把各段首句的意思串联起来，有助于理解文章的整体主旨。比如在一篇关于学校活动的文章中，第一段首句 “Our school held a sports meeting last week.”（我们学校上周举办了一场运动会），引出运动会这个话题；第二段首句 “Many students actively participated in different events.”（许多学生积极参加了不同的项目），讲述学生参与情况；第三段首句 “The sports meeting not only promoted physical exercise but also enhanced the friendship among students.”（运动会不仅促进了体育锻炼，还增进了学生之间的友谊），阐述运动会的意义。通过这些首句，能大致把握文章围绕学校运动会展开，介绍了举办情况、学生参与和其意义。 归纳各段内容：对于一些没有明显主旨句的文章，需要仔细阅读每一段，理解每段的主要内容，然后将各段内容进行归纳总结。例如，一篇关于宠物的文章，第一段描述宠物狗的可爱外貌，第二段讲述宠物猫的有趣行为，第三段提及养宠物对人的陪伴作用。将这些内容归纳起来，可得出文章主要介绍了宠物的特点以及它们给人们带来的陪伴。 排除过于细节的选项：有些选项可能只是文章中的一个具体细节，不能代表文章的整体主旨。比如在一篇介绍旅行的文章中，提到了在旅行中看到了一座美丽的城堡，选项 “A. The beautiful castle during the trip”（旅行中的美丽城堡）就是一个细节，不能作为文章主旨，文章可能还讲述了旅行中的其他经历、感受等。 排除过于宽泛的选项：选项内容如果过于笼统，没有针对性，也不符合文章主旨。例如在一篇介绍校园植物的文章中，选项 “C. The importance of plants”（植物的重要性）就太宽泛，文章主要聚焦在校园里的植物，而不是所有植物的重要性。 排除与文章内容不符的选项：有些选项表述与文章所传达的信息相悖，应直接排除。比如文章强调运动对健康的积极影响，而选项说运动对健康没有好处，这显然不符合文章主旨。 注意文章的体裁：不同体裁的文章，主旨呈现方式有所不同。（1）记叙文：通常通过讲述一个故事，传达某种情感、道理或人生感悟。比如故事中主人公克服困难最终取得成功，主旨可能是强调坚持和勇气的重要性。（2）说明文：旨在介绍某个事物的特征、功能、发展过程等。如介绍智能手机，会说明其各种功能特点、发展历程等，主旨就是对智能手机相关方面的说明。（3）议论文：作者会提出自己的观点，并通过论据来论证。例如论述是否应该多阅读书籍，作者观点可能是应该多读书，并从增长知识、开阔视野等方面进行论证，主旨就是作者对多读书这一观点的阐述。 五、语段分析 （语段一） My school life is very interesting. We have many different subjects, such as Chinese, math, English, science and art. I like English best because I think it is very useful and interesting. In English class, we often play games and do group work. After class, I often play basketball with my classmates on the playground. We also have many school activities, like the school sports meeting and the art festival. I really enjoy my school life. 【题目】 What is does the passage mainly tell us? A. The writer's favorite subject. B. The writer's school life. C. The school activities. 【分析】 文章开头就点明 “My school life is very interesting.”（我的学校生活非常有趣），接着分别介绍了学校的课程、自己最喜欢的科目以及课后活动等，都是围绕学校生活展开描述的。A 选项 “作者最喜欢的科目” 只是文章中的一个细节，不能概括全文；C 选项 “学校活动” 也只是学校生活的一部分，不够全面。B 选项 “作者的学校生活” 准确概括了文章主旨，所以答案是 B。 （语段二） There are four seasons in a year. Spring is the first season. It is a season of hope. Everything comes back to life. The grass turns green and the flowers start to come out. Summer is the second season. It is hot and sunny. People like to go swimming and eat ice - cream. Autumn is the season of harvest. The leaves on the trees turn yellow and fall down. Farmers are busy harvesting crops. Winter is the last season. It is cold and sometimes it snows. People wear thick coats and scarves. Each season has its own beauty. 【题目】 What is the best title for this passage? A. Four Seasons B. The Beauty of Spring C. Different Activities in Seasons 【分析】 文章依次介绍了一年中的四个季节，包括每个季节的特点，如春天万物复苏、夏天炎热人们喜欢游泳吃冰淇淋、秋天是收获的季节、冬天寒冷会下雪等。B 选项 “春天的美丽” 只涉及到一个季节，过于片面；C 选项 “不同季节的活动”，文章虽然提到了一些活动，但重点还是在介绍四季本身，并非主要强调活动。A 选项 “四季” 能准确涵盖文章内容，作为标题最合适，所以答案是 A。 1 In China, there are a lot of fruits. They are good for health. Xinjiang Hami melon(哈密瓜) is one of the most famous fruits. Children like it very much. When Hami melon begins to grow, it is sour(酸的)and green. When it is time to eat, it is very sweet. Hami melons have different shapes(形状) and colours of yellow, green and brown. They can also be even white. Ripe Hami melons are delicious and rich in nutrition(营养). It is very nice to eat them. It is really a healthy choice(选择) for us, especially(尤其) on hot summer days. So, I like Hami melons best. Although(虽然) Hami melons grow only in Xinjiang, We can buy them in most parts of China. Let's enjoy the delicious and healthy fruit! 1．How is Hami melon when it begins to grow? A．Sweet B．Sour C．Delicious D．Colourful 2．What can we learn from this passage? A．Hami melon is only healthy to children. B．Hami melon is cheap in Xinjiang C．Hami melon is a kind of vegetable. D．Hami melon grows only in Xinjiang. 3．What does the underlined word “Ripe” in passage 3 mean? A．成熟的 B．生的 C．烂的 D．干瘪的 4．What's this passage mainly about? A．Healthy fruits. B．Fruits in China. C．A nice fruit-Hami melon. D．Colourful Hami melon. 2 Tom has a happy family. There are some rules(规则) in his family. Keep healthy Being healthy is important. Tom's family play sports for one hour every day. Tom is in the school Swimming Club(俱乐部). And his parents run every morning. Evening time is family time They can't watch TV or play computer games after dinner. The family usually sit on the sofa and talk. Tom always talks about his school and friends. Sometimes they take a walk together. Always say “love you ”and “thank you” Tom says “I love you” in the morning before he goes to school and, in the evening, before he goes to bed. His parents say it to him too. When Tom helps his mother, she says “Thank you”. They show their love and thanks all the time. 1．What does Tom usually do after dinner? A．He plays computer games. B．He watches TV with his parents. C．He talks with his parents. D．He does his homework. 2．Tom says “I love you” to his parents________. A．before he gets up B．before he goes to bed C．before breakfast D．before lunch 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Tom's family is full of love and happiness. B．Tom's father doesn't do exercise every day. C．Tom can't watch TV at home in the afternoon. D．Tom has no homework to do every day 4．The passage mainly talks about________. A．being healthy and happy B．the importance of doing sports C．showing love and thanks D．rules in Tom's family 3 Malls are popular places for Americans to go. Some people spend so much time at malls that they are called mall rats. Mall rats shop until they visit hundreds of stores. People like malls for many reasons. They feel safe because malls have police stations. Parking(停车) is usually free. And the air inside is always fresh. The newest malls have beautiful rest places with waterfalls and large green trees. The largest mall in the United States is the Mall of America in Minnesota. It covers(占地) 4.2 million square feet. It has 350 stores, eight nightclubs, and a large park! There are parking places for 12,750 cars. About 750,000 people shop there every week. The first indoor mall in the United States was built in 1965 in Edina, Minnesota. People love doing all their shopping in one place. More malls are built around the country. Now malls are like town centers where people come to do many things. They shop, and of course, they also eat in food courts(广场) that have food from all over the world. They see films at theaters. Some people even get their exercise by doing the new sport of “mall walking”. Others go to malls to meet friends. In some malls, people can see a doctor and even go to the church. In other words, people can do almost everything in malls. Now people can live in their favorite shopping centers in fact. 1．Here “malls” means ________. A．a large park B．a big church C．a square D．a shopping center 2．The largest mall in the United States ________. A．was built in 1965 B．has 12750 cars in it C．has 350 shops in it D．can hold 750,000 people 3．According to the passage, Americans like doing shopping ________. A．in one place B．in a quiet place C．in a busy place D．in different places 4．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us? A．People like to go to the mall. B．The Mall of America is noisy. C．When America had the first mall. D．What the Mall of America is like. 5．Which statement is TRUE according to the passage? A．People can see a doctor in some malls. B．Parking is free in all the malls. C．The malls are only in big cities. D．The largest mall in is Hong Kong. 4 Students in Australia go to school for 200 days a year. Their school year is from late January to mid December. Their school year has four terms. The school day is from 9 am to 3:30 pm, and lunch is eaten at school. Each class usually has eighteen students. School grades in Australia are called years. From year one to year six, students spend about 12 hours a week working on math and English. The school day in France run from 8 am to 4 pm, with a half day on Saturday, although students don't go to school on Wednesday or Sunday. Lunch is a two-hour break. Students usually go to school from ages 6 to 18. The number of students every class is 23. The school year is from August to June, and it has four seven-week terms. Students from 6 to 11 learn basic skills in reading, writing, math and so on. 1．The school year in Australia is ________. A．from early September to late June B．from August to June C．from late January to mid December D．from March to November 2．How many days do students go to school in a week in France? A．4 B．4.5 C．5 D．5.5 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Every class has 23 students in Australia. B．Students spend 12 hours a week doing sports in Australia. C．Students from 6 to 11 in France learn basic skills. D．No students in Australia and France have lunch at school. 4．The passage mainly talks about ________ in Australia and France. A．school lessons B．school times C．students numbers D．school years 5 Are you feeling sad, tired, forgetful, or unhappy today? It may be because of the weather. Different weather makes people feel different. In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there are more likely to have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems in this month. In the north-east and the Middle West, it is very hot at some time and very cold at other time. People there have more heart  trouble after the weather changes in February or March. The weather can also influence intelligence(智力) . The wind can help people have higher intelligence. For example, the IQ of a group of students was very high when a very strong wind came, but after the strong wind, their IQ was 10% below. Very hot weather can make it lower. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse in exams in the hot months of the year (July and August). Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold. They might feel unhappy in cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. Low air pressure(气压)may make people forgetful. People leave more bags on buses and in shops on low-pressure days. There is “good weather” for health. People feel best at a temperature of about 18℃. 1．What can have a bad effect（影响）on health? A．Hot and wet weather. B．A strong wind. C．Warm weather. D．Low air pressure. 2．How may low air pressure make people feel? A．Forgetful. B．Sad. C．Angry. D．Tired. 3．What happens to people in “good weather” of 18℃? A．People are very forgetful B．People can’t do their work well. C．Thin people feel cold. D．People are in better health. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Hot and cold weather influences all people in the same way. B．Weather influences people’s lives. C．The IQ is high when the weather is good. D．There is a good kind of weather for people’s work and health. 6 Once upon a time, a boy was walking through a wood and he heard a sad cry. Following the sound he came to a big, round, mysterious, grey fountain. The sad sound seemed to be coming from the fountain pool. The boy swept aside the pool’s dirty surface water and saw a group of grey fish swimming in the pond. Amused (逗乐) by this, the boy tried to catch one of these incredible talking fish. But when he stuck (放置) his arm into the water it turned grey right up to the elbow. As this happened, a huge sadness entered him, and he suddenly understood how sad the fish were feeling. He quickly pulled his arm out of the water, and ran away from that place. But the arm stayed grey, and the boy continued feeling sad. He tried so many times to cheer himself up, but nothing worked. Then he realized that if he can make the Earth happy, then that happiness would be, in turn, transmitted back to him. From then on, he set about looking after the environment. He cared for the plants, and he did what he could to keep the water from being polluted. He encouraged others to do the same. He was so successful that his arm started to recover its normal colour. When the grey disappeared completely, he started feeling happy again, and he decided to go and visit the fountain. When he was still far away from the fountain, he could hear the fish singing happily. 1．Which of the following didn’t happen after the boy left the fountain? A．He started to look after the environment. B．He stopped the water from being polluted. C．He encouraged people to protect the Earth. D．His arm kept grey and he never felt happy. 2．The underlined word in Paragraph 4 “recover” has the closest meaning to________ A．change B．develop C．get well D．turn back 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．We should protect the Earth. B．We shouldn’t catch fish. C．Even the fountain may cry. D．We should visit the fountain. 7 Betty Brown is an Australian girl. Now she lives in Beijing with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Brown and her brother, Jack. Jack is twenty years old. He is a student at Beijing University. He is good at all his school subjects and his teachers like him very much. Mr. Brown is a doctor. He works in Beijing Friendship Hospital. Mrs. Brown is an English teacher. She teaches at Beijing International School. Every day, Betty goes to school with her mother in her mother’s car. They usually get to school at seven o’clock in the morning.   Mr. Brown is very busy（忙的）on weekdays. But he doesn’t work at the weekend. On Saturday or Sunday, he often goes to play basketball with his friends. He likes football, too. But he doesn’t play it. He only watches football matches on TV. Mrs. Brown likes playing table tennis with her Chinese friends at the weekend.   Betty studies hard. She can speak a lot of Chinese now. She speaks to her Chinese friends in Chinese and speaks to her parents in English. At school, her favourite subject is art and she can draw very well. She likes traditional(传统的) Chinese art best. She thinks Chinese art is really great. And she likes books about Chinese art. Look, there are many books and pictures on her desk. In her room, you can also see many beautiful pictures on the walls. Betty draws most of them. 1．How many people are there in Betty’s family? A．Two. B．Four. C．Six. D．Eight. 2．Where does Betty’s brother study? A．At Beijing University. B．At an Australian university. C．In Beijing Friendship Hospital. D．At Beijing International School. 3．What can we learn from the third paragraph (第三段)? A．Betty speaks to her friends in English. B．Betty likes books about history. C．Betty’s favourite subject is art. D．There are many pens on the desk. 4．What’s the passage about? A．Betty’s friends. B．Betty’s brother. C．Betty’s parents. D．Betty’s family. 8 Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank, and of having nothing to do. Once or twice she had peeped（瞥视） into the book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in it. "And What is the use of a book,” thought Alice, “without pictures or conversation?” So she was considering in her own mind (as well as she could, for the hot day made her feel very sleepy and stupid), whether the pleasure（乐趣）of making a daisy—chain (花环) would be worth the trouble of getting up and picking the daisies, when suddenly a white rabbit with pink eyes ran close by her. There was nothing so very remarkable in that; nor did Alice think it so very much out of the way to hear the rabbit say to itself, “Oh dear! Oh dear! I shall be late!” (when she thought it over afterwards, it occurred to her that she ought to have wondered at this, but at the time it all seemed quite natural); but when the rabbit actually took a watch out of its waistcoat—pocket, and looked at it, and then hurried on, Alice started to her feet, for it flashed across her mind that she had never before seen a rabbit with either a waistcoat—pocket, or a watch to take out of it. Burning with curiosity, she ran across the field after it, and fortunately was just in time to see it pop down a large rabbit—hole under the hedge. In another moment down went Alice after it, never once considering how in the world she was to get out again. The rabbit—hole went straight on like a tunnel for some way, and then dipped suddenly down, so suddenly that Alice had not a moment to think about stopping herself before she found herself falling down a very deep well. 1．What did Alice think of the book her sister was reading? A．She thought it was interesting B．She thought it was boring (无聊) C．She thought it was useful D．She thought it was useless 2．Why did Alice feel sleepy and stupid? A．Because the weather was hot B．Because she had nothing to do C．Because the book had no pictures or conversation D．Because she was tired 3．What does the underlined word “curiosity” mean in Chinese ? A．高兴 B．惊讶 C．神秘 D．好奇 4．The last two paragraphs tell us that ________ . A．Alice was brave B．Alice liked the hole C．Alice didn't want to get out D．Alice jumped into the hole 9 Do you know why it seems that some people can have enough time to do everything they want, but others can’t? Is it that the first kind of people has less to do? No, it’s much more possible that they are practicing good time management skills. Time management is hard to practice well. But once done, you will manage time much better. With minor tweaks and little efforts, you can do all you need to do in an effective（有效率的）way. The key to good time management is to understand the difference between the urgent and the important. “Urgent” tasks need your immediate（立即的）attention, but whether you give that immediate attention may or may not matter（要紧）. “Important” tasks matter, because not doing them may have serious or even bad results. For example, answering the phone is urgent. If you don’t do it, you may miss something important. However, it may be a stranger who just wants to sell you a phone you don’t need at all. That’s not important. Going to the dentist（牙医）is important. If you don’t, you may get gum disease. But it’s not urgent. If you leave it too long, however, it may become urgent, because you may get a toothache. Helping to pick up your brother or sister from school is both urgent and important. If you are not there at the right time, they will keep waiting and worry too much. Seeing Wechat moments（朋友圈）is neither urgent nor important. So why do you put it first? Knowing the difference between the urgent and the important is the key to managing time well. Try to put your tasks into their right groups. Don’t forget that your health is important. You should pay enough attention to your health even though there are many urgent things to do. Although it’s not easy to group your tasks properly, try to be a good time manager so that you can have time to spend with the people you love and on the activities you like. The better you manage your time, the more successful you can be. 1．Which of the following is an important task according to the writer? A．Going to the dentist. B．Seeing Wechat moments. C．Answering the phone. D．Buying a new cellphone. 2．The writer gives the examples to tell us ________. A．the ways of managing time B．making a phone call is urgent C．the difference between the urgent and the important D．picking up children from school is urgent and important 3．The underlined words “management” in Paragraph 2 probably mean “________”. A．经理 B．管理人 C．经纪人 D．管理 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．How to Manage Time Well? B．How to Make Time for Health? C．The Importance of Making Time for Study D．The Importance of Free Time Management 10 What would the world be like if cars could drive themselves? Imagine seeing an empty car passing by on its way to pick up its owner, or a car full of passengers who are reading, listening to music or even sleeping, but none of them are worried about the road ahead. Well, all of this could be the future of driving. Several companies, like Google, working on testing self-driven(无人驾驶的) cars. If the tests are successful, these electric, self-driven cars could be available(可用的) very soon. But, how is it possible for a car to drive itself? Cars already have many features(特征) allowing them to take over for drivers in certain situations. Some cars are able to park themselves, or slow down when they detect(探测) things or people close by. They can also control the speed(速度) if there are dangerous conditions, such as snow or slippery (滑的) roads. Other features have also changed the way drivers react to some situations. Scientists and engineers believe, with the help of wireless(无线) signals, cameras and GPS, it is quite possible to create safe self-driven cars in the near future.  The self-driven car may be the answer to lowering the number of deadly (致命的) accidents caused by careless drivers or dangerous conditions. However, there are still some people who do not like the idea. American lawyer Whit Drake, for example, doesn’t believe these cars are safe. He thinks the possibility of the technology making a mistake will be too high. Will you buy a self-driven car in the future? 1．The underlined phrase “take over for” in Paragraph 3 means “________”. A．为……做准备 B．取代 C．更好发挥作用 D．利用 2．Cars already have the following features EXCEPT________. A．parking itself B．controlling its speed in dangerous situations C．slowing itself down near an object D．avoiding (避免) car accidents one hundred percent 3．Scientists and engineers think that ________. A．it’s possible to make safe self-driven cars B．it’s a long way for self-driven cars C．there will be no drivers in the future D．self-driven cars may cause more accidents 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Advantages of self-driven cars. B．Different opinions on self-driven cars. C．Possibilities of self-driven cars. D．Google’s new technology—self-driven cars. 5．Where can we probably read the passage？ A．On a poster. B．In a novel. C．In a science magazine. D．In a storybook. 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年暑假新七年级英语衔接学习系列 专题16 阅读理解之主旨大意题(题型与策略) 一、题型特点 主旨大意题主要考查同学们对文章整体内容的把握能力，需要同学们能够概括出文章的核心思想、主要内容或作者写作的意图。这类题型要求同学们从宏观角度去理解文章，而不是局限于某一个细节。文章的主旨大意可能直接在文中明确表述，也可能需要同学们通过对各个段落的分析、归纳来总结得出。例如，一篇介绍动物的文章，主旨大意可能是阐述动物的生活习性、特点，或者强调保护动物的重要性等。它不同于细节理解题，不是针对某个具体的事实或信息提问，而是关注文章的整体方向和核心要点。 二、常考方法 命题者通常会给出一篇英语文章，然后设置关于文章主旨大意的问题。这些文章题材多样，可能是记叙文，讲述一个故事；可能是说明文，介绍某个事物或现象；也可能是议论文，表达作者对某一观点的看法等。题目会要求同学们从所给的选项中，选出最能概括文章主旨的一项。例如，在一篇讲述学生参加志愿者活动的记叙文后，问题可能是 “What is the main idea of the passage?”，选项可能包括 “A. The importance of volunteering”（志愿服务的重要性）、“B. How students organized a volunteer activity”（学生们如何组织一次志愿者活动）、“C. The students' experiences and feelings during the volunteer activity”（学生们在志愿者活动中的经历和感受）等，需要同学们通过对文章的理解来判断正确答案。 三、提问方式 1文章主旨类 What does the text /passage (mainly) tell us?（这篇文章主要告诉我们什么？） What is the text mainly about?（这篇文章主要是关于什么的？） What does the writer want to tell us?（作者想告诉我们什么？） 2.标题归纳类 What’s / What is the best title for the text /passage/story?（这篇文章 / 故事的最佳标题是什么？） 3.段落主旨类 What is the main idea of Paragraph X?（第 X 段的主要意思是什么？） 四、解答策略 关注文章首尾段和段落首句：许多文章会在开头或结尾明确表达主旨。开头可能会提出文章要讨论的主题，结尾则可能对全文进行总结概括。例如，一篇介绍四季的说明文，开头可能就点明 “The four seasons - spring, summer, autumn and winter, each has its own unique features.”（四季 —— 春、夏、秋、冬，各有其独特的特点），直接表明文章要围绕四季的特点展开。同时，每一段的首句也往往是该段的中心句，概括了该段的主要内容。把各段首句的意思串联起来，有助于理解文章的整体主旨。比如在一篇关于学校活动的文章中，第一段首句 “Our school held a sports meeting last week.”（我们学校上周举办了一场运动会），引出运动会这个话题；第二段首句 “Many students actively participated in different events.”（许多学生积极参加了不同的项目），讲述学生参与情况；第三段首句 “The sports meeting not only promoted physical exercise but also enhanced the friendship among students.”（运动会不仅促进了体育锻炼，还增进了学生之间的友谊），阐述运动会的意义。通过这些首句，能大致把握文章围绕学校运动会展开，介绍了举办情况、学生参与和其意义。 归纳各段内容：对于一些没有明显主旨句的文章，需要仔细阅读每一段，理解每段的主要内容，然后将各段内容进行归纳总结。例如，一篇关于宠物的文章，第一段描述宠物狗的可爱外貌，第二段讲述宠物猫的有趣行为，第三段提及养宠物对人的陪伴作用。将这些内容归纳起来，可得出文章主要介绍了宠物的特点以及它们给人们带来的陪伴。 排除过于细节的选项：有些选项可能只是文章中的一个具体细节，不能代表文章的整体主旨。比如在一篇介绍旅行的文章中，提到了在旅行中看到了一座美丽的城堡，选项 “A. The beautiful castle during the trip”（旅行中的美丽城堡）就是一个细节，不能作为文章主旨，文章可能还讲述了旅行中的其他经历、感受等。 排除过于宽泛的选项：选项内容如果过于笼统，没有针对性，也不符合文章主旨。例如在一篇介绍校园植物的文章中，选项 “C. The importance of plants”（植物的重要性）就太宽泛，文章主要聚焦在校园里的植物，而不是所有植物的重要性。 排除与文章内容不符的选项：有些选项表述与文章所传达的信息相悖，应直接排除。比如文章强调运动对健康的积极影响，而选项说运动对健康没有好处，这显然不符合文章主旨。 注意文章的体裁：不同体裁的文章，主旨呈现方式有所不同。（1）记叙文：通常通过讲述一个故事，传达某种情感、道理或人生感悟。比如故事中主人公克服困难最终取得成功，主旨可能是强调坚持和勇气的重要性。（2）说明文：旨在介绍某个事物的特征、功能、发展过程等。如介绍智能手机，会说明其各种功能特点、发展历程等，主旨就是对智能手机相关方面的说明。（3）议论文：作者会提出自己的观点，并通过论据来论证。例如论述是否应该多阅读书籍，作者观点可能是应该多读书，并从增长知识、开阔视野等方面进行论证，主旨就是作者对多读书这一观点的阐述。 五、语段分析 （语段一） My school life is very interesting. We have many different subjects, such as Chinese, math, English, science and art. I like English best because I think it is very useful and interesting. In English class, we often play games and do group work. After class, I often play basketball with my classmates on the playground. We also have many school activities, like the school sports meeting and the art festival. I really enjoy my school life. 【题目】 What is does the passage mainly tell us? A. The writer's favorite subject. B. The writer's school life. C. The school activities. 【分析】 文章开头就点明 “My school life is very interesting.”（我的学校生活非常有趣），接着分别介绍了学校的课程、自己最喜欢的科目以及课后活动等，都是围绕学校生活展开描述的。A 选项 “作者最喜欢的科目” 只是文章中的一个细节，不能概括全文；C 选项 “学校活动” 也只是学校生活的一部分，不够全面。B 选项 “作者的学校生活” 准确概括了文章主旨，所以答案是 B。 （语段二） There are four seasons in a year. Spring is the first season. It is a season of hope. Everything comes back to life. The grass turns green and the flowers start to come out. Summer is the second season. It is hot and sunny. People like to go swimming and eat ice - cream. Autumn is the season of harvest. The leaves on the trees turn yellow and fall down. Farmers are busy harvesting crops. Winter is the last season. It is cold and sometimes it snows. People wear thick coats and scarves. Each season has its own beauty. 【题目】 What is the best title for this passage? A. Four Seasons B. The Beauty of Spring C. Different Activities in Seasons 【分析】 文章依次介绍了一年中的四个季节，包括每个季节的特点，如春天万物复苏、夏天炎热人们喜欢游泳吃冰淇淋、秋天是收获的季节、冬天寒冷会下雪等。B 选项 “春天的美丽” 只涉及到一个季节，过于片面；C 选项 “不同季节的活动”，文章虽然提到了一些活动，但重点还是在介绍四季本身，并非主要强调活动。A 选项 “四季” 能准确涵盖文章内容，作为标题最合适，所以答案是 A。 1 In China, there are a lot of fruits. They are good for health. Xinjiang Hami melon(哈密瓜) is one of the most famous fruits. Children like it very much. When Hami melon begins to grow, it is sour(酸的)and green. When it is time to eat, it is very sweet. Hami melons have different shapes(形状) and colours of yellow, green and brown. They can also be even white. Ripe Hami melons are delicious and rich in nutrition(营养). It is very nice to eat them. It is really a healthy choice(选择) for us, especially(尤其) on hot summer days. So, I like Hami melons best. Although(虽然) Hami melons grow only in Xinjiang, We can buy them in most parts of China. Let's enjoy the delicious and healthy fruit! 1．How is Hami melon when it begins to grow? A．Sweet B．Sour C．Delicious D．Colourful 2．What can we learn from this passage? A．Hami melon is only healthy to children. B．Hami melon is cheap in Xinjiang C．Hami melon is a kind of vegetable. D．Hami melon grows only in Xinjiang. 3．What does the underlined word “Ripe” in passage 3 mean? A．成熟的 B．生的 C．烂的 D．干瘪的 4．What's this passage mainly about? A．Healthy fruits. B．Fruits in China. C．A nice fruit-Hami melon. D．Colourful Hami melon. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【解析】这篇文章主要介绍了哈密瓜的产地，形状，颜色以及营养等。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“When Hami melon begins to grow, it is sour(酸的)and green.”可知哈密瓜开始生长时，它是酸的和绿色的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Although(虽然) Hami melons grow only in Xinjiang, We can buy them in most parts of China.”可知虽然哈密瓜只生长在新疆，但我们可以在中国大部分地区买到，可知哈密瓜只生长在新疆，故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据第二段“When it is time to eat, it is very sweet.” 当能吃它的时候，它是非常甜的。由此推断“Ripe Hami melons are delicious and rich in nutrition”的意思为“成熟的哈密瓜好吃，营养丰富”，可知“Ripe”的意思为“成熟的”。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In China, there are a lot of fruits. They are good for health.”在中国，有很多水果，它们有益于健康。第二段引出本文主题句“Xinjiang Hami melon is one of the most famous fruits.”新疆哈密瓜是最著名的水果之一，接下来文章分别介绍了哈密瓜的产地，形状，颜色以及营养等，可知文章主要讲述了一种不错的水果——新疆的哈密瓜，故选C。 2 Tom has a happy family. There are some rules(规则) in his family. Keep healthy Being healthy is important. Tom's family play sports for one hour every day. Tom is in the school Swimming Club(俱乐部). And his parents run every morning. Evening time is family time They can't watch TV or play computer games after dinner. The family usually sit on the sofa and talk. Tom always talks about his school and friends. Sometimes they take a walk together. Always say “love you ”and “thank you” Tom says “I love you” in the morning before he goes to school and, in the evening, before he goes to bed. His parents say it to him too. When Tom helps his mother, she says “Thank you”. They show their love and thanks all the time. 1．What does Tom usually do after dinner? A．He plays computer games. B．He watches TV with his parents. C．He talks with his parents. D．He does his homework. 2．Tom says “I love you” to his parents________. A．before he gets up B．before he goes to bed C．before breakfast D．before lunch 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．Tom's family is full of love and happiness. B．Tom's father doesn't do exercise every day. C．Tom can't watch TV at home in the afternoon. D．Tom has no homework to do every day 4．The passage mainly talks about________. A．being healthy and happy B．the importance of doing sports C．showing love and thanks D．rules in Tom's family 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【解析】Tom有一个幸福的家庭，他家里有一些规则需要遵守：保持健康；晚上是家庭时间；总是说“我爱你”和“谢谢你”。 1．细节理解题。根据短文第三段“They can't watch TV or play computer games after dinner. The family usually sit on the sofa and talk.”可知，晚饭后，Tom和他的父母坐在沙发上聊天。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据短文最后一段“Tom says “I love you” in the morning before he goes to school and, in the evening, before he goes to bed.”可知，Tom在早上上学之前和晚上睡觉前对父母说“我爱你”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据短文中介绍的Tom的家规可知，他们都锻炼身体、保持身体健康；晚饭后家人们一起聊天；互相说“我爱你”、“谢谢你”。从这些规则可以看出，Tom的家里充满了爱和幸福。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据文意和短文第一段“There are some rules(规则) in his family.”可知，这篇短文介绍的是Tom的家规。故选D。 3 Malls are popular places for Americans to go. Some people spend so much time at malls that they are called mall rats. Mall rats shop until they visit hundreds of stores. People like malls for many reasons. They feel safe because malls have police stations. Parking(停车) is usually free. And the air inside is always fresh. The newest malls have beautiful rest places with waterfalls and large green trees. The largest mall in the United States is the Mall of America in Minnesota. It covers(占地) 4.2 million square feet. It has 350 stores, eight nightclubs, and a large park! There are parking places for 12,750 cars. About 750,000 people shop there every week. The first indoor mall in the United States was built in 1965 in Edina, Minnesota. People love doing all their shopping in one place. More malls are built around the country. Now malls are like town centers where people come to do many things. They shop, and of course, they also eat in food courts(广场) that have food from all over the world. They see films at theaters. Some people even get their exercise by doing the new sport of “mall walking”. Others go to malls to meet friends. In some malls, people can see a doctor and even go to the church. In other words, people can do almost everything in malls. Now people can live in their favorite shopping centers in fact. 1．Here “malls” means ________. A．a large park B．a big church C．a square D．a shopping center 2．The largest mall in the United States ________. A．was built in 1965 B．has 12750 cars in it C．has 350 shops in it D．can hold 750,000 people 3．According to the passage, Americans like doing shopping ________. A．in one place B．in a quiet place C．in a busy place D．in different places 4．What does the third paragraph mainly tell us? A．People like to go to the mall. B．The Mall of America is noisy. C．When America had the first mall. D．What the Mall of America is like. 5．Which statement is TRUE according to the passage? A．People can see a doctor in some malls. B．Parking is free in all the malls. C．The malls are only in big cities. D．The largest mall in is Hong Kong. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 【解析】这篇短文给我们介绍的是现在很多人都喜欢在空闲的时间在商场里闲逛，因为那里很安全，有休息的地方，通常停车是免费的，那里的温度也很适宜。文章介绍了美国的一些购物广场。 1．词句猜测题。分析“Some people spend so much time at malls that they are called mall rats.”可知，有些人在购物中心花太多时间，所以他们被称为“购物中心老鼠”，所以“malls”是“购物中心”的含义，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The largest mall in the United States is the Mall of America in Minnesota. It covers(占地) 4.2 million square feet. It has 350 stores…”可知，美国最大的购物中心有350家店铺，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“People love doing all their shopping in one place.”可知，人们喜欢在一个地方购物，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，文章介绍了美国的一些购物广场是什么样的。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据“In some malls, people can see a doctor and even go to the church.”可知，在一些购物中心，人们可以看医生，甚至去教堂。故选A。 4 Students in Australia go to school for 200 days a year. Their school year is from late January to mid December. Their school year has four terms. The school day is from 9 am to 3:30 pm, and lunch is eaten at school. Each class usually has eighteen students. School grades in Australia are called years. From year one to year six, students spend about 12 hours a week working on math and English. The school day in France run from 8 am to 4 pm, with a half day on Saturday, although students don't go to school on Wednesday or Sunday. Lunch is a two-hour break. Students usually go to school from ages 6 to 18. The number of students every class is 23. The school year is from August to June, and it has four seven-week terms. Students from 6 to 11 learn basic skills in reading, writing, math and so on. 1．The school year in Australia is ________. A．from early September to late June B．from August to June C．from late January to mid December D．from March to November 2．How many days do students go to school in a week in France? A．4 B．4.5 C．5 D．5.5 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Every class has 23 students in Australia. B．Students spend 12 hours a week doing sports in Australia. C．Students from 6 to 11 in France learn basic skills. D．No students in Australia and France have lunch at school. 4．The passage mainly talks about ________ in Australia and France. A．school lessons B．school times C．students numbers D．school years 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了澳大利亚和法国的学年安排。 1．细节理解题。根据“Students in Australia go to school for 200 days a year. Their school year is from late January to mid December.”可知，澳大利亚的学生每年上学200天。他们的学年从一月下旬开始到十二月中旬结束，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The school day in France run from 8 am to 4 pm, with a half day on Saturday, although students don't go to school on Wednesday or Sunday.”可知，法国的学校从早上8点到下午4点上课，周六只有半天课，但是学生们星期三和星期天不上课，所以法国学生一周上4.5天课。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“Students from 6 to 11 learn basic skills in reading, writing, math and so on.”可知，在法国6到11岁的学生学习阅读、写作、数学等基本技能，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章告知了澳大利亚和法国的上学时间，上课安排和不同年龄段学生的学习重点，这些都属于学年安排内容，故选D。 5 Are you feeling sad, tired, forgetful, or unhappy today? It may be because of the weather. Different weather makes people feel different. In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there are more likely to have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems in this month. In the north-east and the Middle West, it is very hot at some time and very cold at other time. People there have more heart  trouble after the weather changes in February or March. The weather can also influence intelligence(智力) . The wind can help people have higher intelligence. For example, the IQ of a group of students was very high when a very strong wind came, but after the strong wind, their IQ was 10% below. Very hot weather can make it lower. Students in many schools of the United States often get worse in exams in the hot months of the year (July and August). Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold. They might feel unhappy in cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. Low air pressure(气压)may make people forgetful. People leave more bags on buses and in shops on low-pressure days. There is “good weather” for health. People feel best at a temperature of about 18℃. 1．What can have a bad effect（影响）on health? A．Hot and wet weather. B．A strong wind. C．Warm weather. D．Low air pressure. 2．How may low air pressure make people feel? A．Forgetful. B．Sad. C．Angry. D．Tired. 3．What happens to people in “good weather” of 18℃? A．People are very forgetful B．People can’t do their work well. C．Thin people feel cold. D．People are in better health. 4．What does the writer want to tell us? A．Hot and cold weather influences all people in the same way. B．Weather influences people’s lives. C．The IQ is high when the weather is good. D．There is a good kind of weather for people’s work and health. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．B 【解析】本文介绍了天气与人的健康，心情和智力之间的关系。 1．细节理解题。根据“In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there are more likely to have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems in this month”，可知，在非常炎热和潮湿的天气，人们容易患上心脏病和其他健康疾病，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Low air pressure(气压)may make people forgetful”，可知，低气压会使人健忘，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“ There is “good weather” for health. People feel best at a temperature of about 18℃”，可知，人们在18摄氏度的天气下会感到最好，会很健康，故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Different weather makes people feel different”及全文的描述，可知，本文通过介绍天气与人的健康，心情和智力之间的关系，来告诉我们天气影响着人们的生活，故选B。 6 Once upon a time, a boy was walking through a wood and he heard a sad cry. Following the sound he came to a big, round, mysterious, grey fountain. The sad sound seemed to be coming from the fountain pool. The boy swept aside the pool’s dirty surface water and saw a group of grey fish swimming in the pond. Amused (逗乐) by this, the boy tried to catch one of these incredible talking fish. But when he stuck (放置) his arm into the water it turned grey right up to the elbow. As this happened, a huge sadness entered him, and he suddenly understood how sad the fish were feeling. He quickly pulled his arm out of the water, and ran away from that place. But the arm stayed grey, and the boy continued feeling sad. He tried so many times to cheer himself up, but nothing worked. Then he realized that if he can make the Earth happy, then that happiness would be, in turn, transmitted back to him. From then on, he set about looking after the environment. He cared for the plants, and he did what he could to keep the water from being polluted. He encouraged others to do the same. He was so successful that his arm started to recover its normal colour. When the grey disappeared completely, he started feeling happy again, and he decided to go and visit the fountain. When he was still far away from the fountain, he could hear the fish singing happily. 1．Which of the following didn’t happen after the boy left the fountain? A．He started to look after the environment. B．He stopped the water from being polluted. C．He encouraged people to protect the Earth. D．His arm kept grey and he never felt happy. 2．The underlined word in Paragraph 4 “recover” has the closest meaning to________ A．change B．develop C．get well D．turn back 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．We should protect the Earth. B．We shouldn’t catch fish. C．Even the fountain may cry. D．We should visit the fountain. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 【解析】男孩来到一个被污染了的喷泉前，他把手伸进水里时，一种巨大的悲伤进入了他体内，同时他的胳膊变成了灰色。男孩意识到，只有地球快乐了，他才能恢复，所以男孩开始努力保护环境。后来环境变好了，喷泉里的水不再受到污染，男孩也重新找回了快乐。 1．细节理解题。根据第四段“he set about looking after the environment. He cared for the plants, and he did what he could to keep the water from being polluted. He encouraged others to do the same.”可知，男孩离开喷泉后开始保护环境，防止水被污染并鼓励其他人保护地球；根据“When the grey disappeared completely, he started feeling happy again”可知，后来男孩胳膊上的灰色消失了，并且他又重新高兴起来；故可知D选项“他的胳膊一直是灰色并且从未感到高兴”并未发生。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据第四段“When the grey disappeared completely...”可知，胳膊的灰色完全消失了，即男孩的手恢复了，所以“recover”表示“恢复”，其近义词是“get well 变好”，故选C。 3．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，男孩感到悲伤、手变成灰色是因为地球受到了污染，男孩治理好环境后他就康复了，所以本文通过故事在向读者传达保护环境的重要性，选项A符合文章主旨大意，故选A。 7 Betty Brown is an Australian girl. Now she lives in Beijing with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Brown and her brother, Jack. Jack is twenty years old. He is a student at Beijing University. He is good at all his school subjects and his teachers like him very much. Mr. Brown is a doctor. He works in Beijing Friendship Hospital. Mrs. Brown is an English teacher. She teaches at Beijing International School. Every day, Betty goes to school with her mother in her mother’s car. They usually get to school at seven o’clock in the morning.   Mr. Brown is very busy（忙的）on weekdays. But he doesn’t work at the weekend. On Saturday or Sunday, he often goes to play basketball with his friends. He likes football, too. But he doesn’t play it. He only watches football matches on TV. Mrs. Brown likes playing table tennis with her Chinese friends at the weekend.   Betty studies hard. She can speak a lot of Chinese now. She speaks to her Chinese friends in Chinese and speaks to her parents in English. At school, her favourite subject is art and she can draw very well. She likes traditional(传统的) Chinese art best. She thinks Chinese art is really great. And she likes books about Chinese art. Look, there are many books and pictures on her desk. In her room, you can also see many beautiful pictures on the walls. Betty draws most of them. 1．How many people are there in Betty’s family? A．Two. B．Four. C．Six. D．Eight. 2．Where does Betty’s brother study? A．At Beijing University. B．At an Australian university. C．In Beijing Friendship Hospital. D．At Beijing International School. 3．What can we learn from the third paragraph (第三段)? A．Betty speaks to her friends in English. B．Betty likes books about history. C．Betty’s favourite subject is art. D．There are many pens on the desk. 4．What’s the passage about? A．Betty’s friends. B．Betty’s brother. C．Betty’s parents. D．Betty’s family. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【解析】本文向我们介绍了Betty Brown一家人。 1．细节理解题。根据“Now she lives in Beijing with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Brown and her brother, Jack.”可知，Betty家有四口人，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Jack is twenty years old. He is a student at Beijing University.”可知，Jack在北京大学学习，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“At school, her favourite subject is art and she can draw very well.”可知，Betty最喜欢的科目是美术，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。分析全文内容可知，本文向我们介绍了Betty Brown一家人。故选D。 8 Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank, and of having nothing to do. Once or twice she had peeped（瞥视） into the book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in it. "And What is the use of a book,” thought Alice, “without pictures or conversation?” So she was considering in her own mind (as well as she could, for the hot day made her feel very sleepy and stupid), whether the pleasure（乐趣）of making a daisy—chain (花环) would be worth the trouble of getting up and picking the daisies, when suddenly a white rabbit with pink eyes ran close by her. There was nothing so very remarkable in that; nor did Alice think it so very much out of the way to hear the rabbit say to itself, “Oh dear! Oh dear! I shall be late!” (when she thought it over afterwards, it occurred to her that she ought to have wondered at this, but at the time it all seemed quite natural); but when the rabbit actually took a watch out of its waistcoat—pocket, and looked at it, and then hurried on, Alice started to her feet, for it flashed across her mind that she had never before seen a rabbit with either a waistcoat—pocket, or a watch to take out of it. Burning with curiosity, she ran across the field after it, and fortunately was just in time to see it pop down a large rabbit—hole under the hedge. In another moment down went Alice after it, never once considering how in the world she was to get out again. The rabbit—hole went straight on like a tunnel for some way, and then dipped suddenly down, so suddenly that Alice had not a moment to think about stopping herself before she found herself falling down a very deep well. 1．What did Alice think of the book her sister was reading? A．She thought it was interesting B．She thought it was boring (无聊) C．She thought it was useful D．She thought it was useless 2．Why did Alice feel sleepy and stupid? A．Because the weather was hot B．Because she had nothing to do C．Because the book had no pictures or conversation D．Because she was tired 3．What does the underlined word “curiosity” mean in Chinese ? A．高兴 B．惊讶 C．神秘 D．好奇 4．The last two paragraphs tell us that ________ . A．Alice was brave B．Alice liked the hole C．Alice didn't want to get out D．Alice jumped into the hole 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．C 【解析】本文节选自《爱丽丝漫游奇境记》。文章主要讲述了Alice在追赶兔子时，进入了一个兔子洞的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“'And What is the use of a book,' thought Alice, 'without pictures or conversation?'”可推知，爱丽丝认为她姐姐正在读得没有图画和对话的书没有用，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“for the hot day made her feel very sleepy and stupid”可知，炎热的天气使爱丽丝又困又无聊，故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中的“she had never before seen a rabbit with either a waistcoat—pocket, or a watch to take out of it”和“she ran across the field after it, and fortunately was just in time to see it pop down a large rabbit—hole under the hedge”可知，爱丽丝从来没见过有背心口袋和手表的兔子，于是因为好奇，跟着兔子跑去想要一探究竟，所以推知“curiosity”是“好奇”的意思，故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Alice after it, never once considering how in the world she was to get out again”和最后一段中的“ Alice had not a moment to think about stopping herself before she found herself falling down a very deep well”可知，爱丽丝掉进兔子洞之后再也没有想过要如何出去，故选C。 9 Do you know why it seems that some people can have enough time to do everything they want, but others can’t? Is it that the first kind of people has less to do? No, it’s much more possible that they are practicing good time management skills. Time management is hard to practice well. But once done, you will manage time much better. With minor tweaks and little efforts, you can do all you need to do in an effective（有效率的）way. The key to good time management is to understand the difference between the urgent and the important. “Urgent” tasks need your immediate（立即的）attention, but whether you give that immediate attention may or may not matter（要紧）. “Important” tasks matter, because not doing them may have serious or even bad results. For example, answering the phone is urgent. If you don’t do it, you may miss something important. However, it may be a stranger who just wants to sell you a phone you don’t need at all. That’s not important. Going to the dentist（牙医）is important. If you don’t, you may get gum disease. But it’s not urgent. If you leave it too long, however, it may become urgent, because you may get a toothache. Helping to pick up your brother or sister from school is both urgent and important. If you are not there at the right time, they will keep waiting and worry too much. Seeing Wechat moments（朋友圈）is neither urgent nor important. So why do you put it first? Knowing the difference between the urgent and the important is the key to managing time well. Try to put your tasks into their right groups. Don’t forget that your health is important. You should pay enough attention to your health even though there are many urgent things to do. Although it’s not easy to group your tasks properly, try to be a good time manager so that you can have time to spend with the people you love and on the activities you like. The better you manage your time, the more successful you can be. 1．Which of the following is an important task according to the writer? A．Going to the dentist. B．Seeing Wechat moments. C．Answering the phone. D．Buying a new cellphone. 2．The writer gives the examples to tell us ________. A．the ways of managing time B．making a phone call is urgent C．the difference between the urgent and the important D．picking up children from school is urgent and important 3．The underlined words “management” in Paragraph 2 probably mean “________”. A．经理 B．管理人 C．经纪人 D．管理 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．How to Manage Time Well? B．How to Make Time for Health? C．The Importance of Making Time for Study D．The Importance of Free Time Management 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何进行合理的时间管理，并介绍了紧急任务和重要任务的区别。 1．细节理解题。根据“Going to the dentist（牙医）is important”可知看牙医是一件重要的事情。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据所举例子“answering the phone is urgent…”以及“Going to the dentist（牙医）is important…”等可以看出作者是通过这些例子介绍紧急任务和重要任务的区别。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“But once done, you will manage time much better…”可知你的时间管理好，你做事就会有效率，此处是指“时间管理”。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者通过对比紧急任务和重要任务的区别告诉我们要管理好时间，这样做事情才会有效率，故文章主旨是围绕“如何管理好时间”展开的。故选A。 10 What would the world be like if cars could drive themselves? Imagine seeing an empty car passing by on its way to pick up its owner, or a car full of passengers who are reading, listening to music or even sleeping, but none of them are worried about the road ahead. Well, all of this could be the future of driving. Several companies, like Google, working on testing self-driven(无人驾驶的) cars. If the tests are successful, these electric, self-driven cars could be available(可用的) very soon. But, how is it possible for a car to drive itself? Cars already have many features(特征) allowing them to take over for drivers in certain situations. Some cars are able to park themselves, or slow down when they detect(探测) things or people close by. They can also control the speed(速度) if there are dangerous conditions, such as snow or slippery (滑的) roads. Other features have also changed the way drivers react to some situations. Scientists and engineers believe, with the help of wireless(无线) signals, cameras and GPS, it is quite possible to create safe self-driven cars in the near future.  The self-driven car may be the answer to lowering the number of deadly (致命的) accidents caused by careless drivers or dangerous conditions. However, there are still some people who do not like the idea. American lawyer Whit Drake, for example, doesn’t believe these cars are safe. He thinks the possibility of the technology making a mistake will be too high. Will you buy a self-driven car in the future? 1．The underlined phrase “take over for” in Paragraph 3 means “________”. A．为……做准备 B．取代 C．更好发挥作用 D．利用 2．Cars already have the following features EXCEPT________. A．parking itself B．controlling its speed in dangerous situations C．slowing itself down near an object D．avoiding (避免) car accidents one hundred percent 3．Scientists and engineers think that ________. A．it’s possible to make safe self-driven cars B．it’s a long way for self-driven cars C．there will be no drivers in the future D．self-driven cars may cause more accidents 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Advantages of self-driven cars. B．Different opinions on self-driven cars. C．Possibilities of self-driven cars. D．Google’s new technology—self-driven cars. 5．Where can we probably read the passage？ A．On a poster. B．In a novel. C．In a science magazine. D．In a storybook. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．C 【解析】如果汽车可以自己驾驶，世界会是什么样子呢？本文讨论了未来自主驾驶汽车的可能性。 1．词义猜测题。根据后文的举例“Some cars are able to park themselves, or slow down when they detect(探测) things or people close by”，可知，这些都在说明汽车已经有了许多功能，可以在某些情况下代替驾驶员，所以take over for表示“取代”，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Some cars are able to park themselves, or slow down when they detect(探测) things or people close by. They can also control the speed(速度) if there are dangerous conditions, such as snow or slippery (滑的) roads”，可知，有些汽车可以自己停车，或者发现附近有物体是自动减速，它们也能控制速度，D选项“百分之百避开车祸”未提及，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Scientists and engineers believe, with the help of wireless(无线) signals, cameras and GPS, it is quite possible to create safe self-driven cars in the near future”，可知，科学家和工程师们相信，在无线信号，摄像机和全球定位系统的帮助下，在不久的将来制造出安全的自动驾驶汽车完全是可能的，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论了未来自主驾驶汽车的可能性，故选C。 5．推理判断题。本文主要讨论了未来自主驾驶汽车的可能性，这是一篇科普类文章，所以可能在科学杂志上看到，故选C。 4 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$