精品解析：天津市和平区天津市第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题

天津一中2024-2025-2高二年级英语学科期末质量调查试卷 本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)、第II卷(非选择题)两部分，共100分，考试用时90分钟。第I卷1至6页，第II卷第7页。考生务必将答案涂写规定的位置上，答在试卷上的无效。 第I卷(共75分) I.听力测试(共两节，满分10分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man think of the tie? A. It's very cheap. B. It's in bad condition. C. It's of good quality. 2 Where will the speakers meet? A. At the cinema. B. At the bus stop. C. At the bar. 3. What did the girl lose? A. Her mobile phone. B. Her purse. C. Her bag. 4. What event did Martin watch yesterday? A. A marathon. B. A football game. C. A table tennis game. 5. What will the weather be like early tomorrow? A. Fog. B. Rain. C. Wind. 第二节(共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分) 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至8小题。 6. What did Henry do at dinner? A. He cut up several bites each time. B. He talked happily with others. C. He ate very slowly. 7. Where is Henry from? A. Italy. B. The US. C. Britain. 8. What will the woman most probably do next? A. Give Henry some suggestions. B. Ask Heary some questions. C. Go to Rome. 听下面一段对话，回答第6至8小题。 9. What is the man doing? A. Making an invitation. B. Making a party plan. C. Making a complaint. 10. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Lower the volume of the music. B. Play music for his party. C. Have a good sleep. 11. When does the conversation probably take place? A. In the evening. B. At midnight. C. In the early morning. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至15小题。 12. Who might be most interested in the fair? A. Those who work on computers. B. Those who like designing furniture. C. Those who enjoy learning languages. 13. How long will the fair last? A. 4 days. B. 3 days. C. 2 days. 14. What can people benefit from the fair? A. Job information. B. Good ways to study. C. Free books and tickets. 15. When will the fair end on Thursday? A. At 5:00 pm. B. At 4:00 pm. C. At 3:00 pm II.单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —I failed the exam even though I studied all night. —________ ? I thought you were well prepared. A. How is that so B. What for C. Why not D. So what 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——尽管我通宵学习，考试还是没通过。——怎么会这样？我以为你准备得很充分呢。A. How is that so 怎么会这样；B. What for 为了什么；C. Why not 为什么不呢；D. So what 那又怎样。“How is that so”用于对意外情况表示困惑或不解，符合“对方通宵学习却仍考试失败”这一意外结果的回应，体现出说话人“原以为准备充分就会通过”的预期与事实的反差。故选A项。 2. In the past few decades, Robert Fros’s poem “The Road Not Taken” ________ by a wide range of musicians for its profound themes. A. has adapted B. has been adapted C. was adapted D. adapted 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，罗伯特·弗罗斯特的诗歌《未选择的路》因其深刻的主题被众多音乐家改编。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“In the past few decades”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语“Robert Frost’s poem ‘The Road Not Taken’”与adapt之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故选B项。 3. The small coastal town of Qingdao, known for its beautiful beaches and rich maritime culture, ________ some of the most spectacular coastal scenery in the country. A. claims B. displays C. boasts D. preserves 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：青岛这座沿海小镇以其美丽的海滩和丰富的海洋文化而闻名，它拥有国内一些最壮观的海滨风景。A. claims声称；B. displays展示；C. boasts拥有（值得骄傲的东西），以……而自豪；D. preserves保护，保存。根据“some of the most spectacular coastal scenery in the country”可知，青岛这座小镇拥有国内一些最壮观的海滨风景，boasts符合语境。故选C。 4. During the tough years of the National Southwest Associated University the professors and students persevered. The campus, its facilities ________ due to the war, still echoed with the sound of eager learning. A. being damaged B. having damaged C. damaging D. damaged 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：在国立西南联合大学艰难的岁月里，师生们坚持不懈。校园里，虽其设施因战争而受损，但仍回荡着求知的声音。分析句子可知，这里考查独立主格结构，its facilities与damage为被动关系，所以应用过去分词，作状语。故选D项。 5. In the bustling city, there are numerous cafes, but this one, ________, is always packed with people because of its unique coffee blend. A. in particular B. in contrast C. in general D. in addition 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在这座繁华的城市里，有许多咖啡馆，但这家尤其总是挤满了人，因为它独特的咖啡混合配方。A, in particular尤其；B. in contrast相比之下；C. in general通常；D. in addition此外。根据句意和because of its unique coffee blend可知，这里指但这家咖啡馆尤其总是挤满了人，所以应用in particular，意为“尤其、特别”，用于突出特定对象，符合“因独特配方而特别受欢迎” 的语境。故选A项。 6. — My computer ________ start, no matter how hard I try. — It might have crashed. You need to have it examined. A. won’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. needn’t 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：——无论我怎么努力，我的电脑就是启动不了。——它可能死机了。你需要让专业人员检查一下。A. won’t不会；B. mustn’t禁止；C. can’t不能；D. needn’t不必。won’t用于描述机器、物体等“不肯（正常工作）”，符合“电脑无论怎么尝试都启动不了”的语境。故选A项。 7. It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents ________ Zhang realized the potential of developing flower-growing into a career here. A. which B. when C. where D. that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到从海外大学毕业回国看望父母后，张才意识到在这里把种花发展成一份职业的潜力。此处为强调句结构“it was...that/who...”，用来强调时间状语“only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents”，只能用that。故选D项。 8. There is a general ________ among parents that the study techniques of many students in the class need improving. A. ambition B. recognition C. dilemma D. affection 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：家长们普遍认为，班上许多学生的学习方法需要改进。A. ambition雄心，抱负；B. recognition承认，认可；C. dilemma困境；D. affection喜爱。根据“that the study techniques of many students in the class need improving”可知，这里说的是家长们普遍有的一种看法，即认为学生学习方法需要改进，此处a general recognition表示“普遍认可，普遍认为”，recognition符合语境。故选B。 9. During the intense fight in World War I, Surgent Presley led his unit through countless terrifying experiences and escaped death on a number of occasions ________ a split-second decision could have meant life or death. A. when B. where C. which D. that 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在第一次世界大战的激烈战斗中，瑟金特・普雷斯利率领他的部队经历了无数可怕的遭遇，多次在生死存亡的瞬间侥幸逃生。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词 occasions，表“某个具体的时间点或时机”，在从句中作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when引导。故选A项。 10. In the rapidly evolving field of technology, companies that stick to ________ methods often struggle to keep up with the competition. A. contemporary B. conventional C. innovative D. progressive 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在快速发展的科技领域中，坚持传统方法的公司往往难以跟上竞争步伐。A. contemporary现代的；B. conventional传统的；C. innovative创新的；D. progressive进步的。前半句指出科技领域“rapidly evolving（快速发展）”，后半句提到 “struggle to keep up with the competition（难以跟上竞争）”，前后形成对比关系，暗示 “坚持传统方法”与“快速发展”相悖。故选B。 11. — I really want to travel around the world, but I don’t have enough money. — ________ you could save some money from your daily expenses. A. Just as B. If only C. Only if D. So that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查连词短语辨析。句意：——我真的很想环游世界，但我没有足够的钱。——要是你能从日常开支中省下一些钱就好了。A. Just as正如；B. If only要是……就好了；C. Only if只有；D. So that以便。根据“you could save some money from your daily expenses.”可知，此处表达一种愿望，应用if only引导虚拟语气，表示“要是……就好了”。故选B。 12. In the charming city of Tianjin, set to host the SCO Summit, ________ the Ancient Cultural Street, a place where visitors can fully immerse themselves in the rich local folk culture. A. sitting B. to sit C. sits D. sit 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在迷人的天津——这座即将主办上海合作组织峰会的城市，坐落着古文化街，游客可以在此充分沉浸于丰富的当地民俗文化中。句子采用完全倒装结构，即“地点状语+谓语动词+主语”。本句陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语the Ancient Cultural Street为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用sit“坐落在”的第三人称单数形式sits。故选C。 13. — I heard the medical research team had a really tough time dealing with that new-emerging virus. There were so many roadblocks. — Exactly. But you know what? Their persistent efforts ________ paid off. They’ve come up with an effective treatment. A. potentially B. ultimately C. seemingly D. gradually 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：——我听说医学研究团队在应对这种新出现的病毒时遇到了很多困难，有很多阻碍。——没错。但你知道吗？他们坚持不懈的努力最终有了回报。他们已经想出了一种有效的治疗方法。A. potentially潜在地；B. ultimately最终；C. seemingly表面上；D. gradually逐渐地。根据paid off可知，研究团队一开始遇到很多困难，但坚持不懈的努力最终有了回报，所以此处用ultimately符合语境。故选B。 14. As the drama The Hunchback of Notre-Dame unfolds, Quasimodo’s character ________a new depth. It’s not merely about his odd appearance; we can see his deep, mixed feelings and strong loyalty. A. takes on B. brings up C. turns out D. gives off 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着戏剧《巴黎圣母院》的展开，卡西莫多的性格呈现出新的深度。这不仅仅是关于他奇怪的外表；我们可以看到他深沉、复杂的情感和强烈的忠诚。A. takes on呈现；B. brings up抚养；C. turns out结果是；D. gives off散发出。根据下文“a new depth”以及“It’s not merely about his odd appearance; we can see his deep, mixed feelings and strong loyalty. (这不仅仅是关于他奇怪的外表；我们可以看到他深沉、复杂的情感和强烈的忠诚。)”可知，此处指卡西莫多的性格呈现出新的深度。故选A项。 15. You will surely improve your oral English skills ________ you keep speaking English every day. A. even if B. as though C. in case D. as long as 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：只要你每天坚持说英语，你的英语口语能力一定会提高。A. even if即使；B. as though好像；C. in case以防，万一；D. as long as只要。根据句意和you keep speaking English every day可知，这里指只要你每天坚持说英语，口语就会提高，所以应用as long as，引导条件状语从句，强调“持续每天说英语”是“能力提升”的前提。故选D项。 III.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In the class I was giving a lecture when a girl’s giggling attracted my attention. As far as I knew, note taking really wasn’t that funny. Walking over to the young offender, I asked for the note. ____16____, she refused to give it to me. I waited, all attention in the classroom on the quiet ____17____ between teacher and student. When she finally ____18____ it over, she whispered, “Okay, but I didn’t draw it.” It was a hand-drawn ____19____ of me, teeth blackened and the words “I’m stupid” coming out of my mouth. I managed to fold it up calmly. My mind, however, was working ____20____ as I struggled not to cry. I figured I knew the two most likely ____21____ for drawing the picture. It would do them some ____22____ to teach them a lesson, and maybe it was high time that I did it! Thankfully, I was able to keep myself ____23____. When there were about six minutes remaining, I showed the class the picture. They were all silent as I told them how ____24____ this was for me. I told them there must be a _____25_____ reason and now was their chance to write down anything they needed to tell me. Then I let them write silently while I sniffled in the back of the classroom. As I _____26_____ the notes later, many of them said something like, “I’ve got nothing against you,” or “I’m sorry you were hurt.” Some kids said, “We’re _____27_____ of you.” But two notes, from the girls who I _____28_____ were behind the picture, had a list of issues. I was too _____29_____, too strict.... Reading those notes, I realized that over the course of this year, instead of _____30_____ my students, I had begun commanding them to _____31_____. Where I thought I was driving them to success, I was _____32_____ driving them away. I had some apologizing to do. When the kids walked into the classroom the next day, one boy and one girl each handed me a card. The one _____33_____ by all the boys expressed sincere regret for the ugly joke. The one from the girls asked for _____34_____. This was a _____35_____ for both the kids and me. Forgiveness does not change the past, but it does enlarge the future. 16. A. Shocked B. Delighted C. Frozen D. Interested 17. A. battle B. barrier C. conference D. confusion 18. A. took B. thought C. turned D. handed 19. A. statue B. portrait C. sculpture D. poster 20. A. curiously B. angrily C. cautiously D. chilly 21. A. contestants B. applicants C. candidates D. sponsors 22. A. good B. harm C. favor D. wrong 23. A. affected B. relieved C. charged D. controlled 24. A. grateful B. hurtful C. regretful D. helpful 25. A. forgotten B. chosen C. hidden D. broken 26. A. looked through B. saw through C. got through D. put through 27. A. proud B. aware C. afraid D. ashamed 28. A. figured B. clarified C. convinced D. confirmed 29. A. agreeable B. mean C. straightforward D. considerate 30. A. forcing B. teaching C. comforting D. encouraging 31. A. appreciate B. accumulate C. compromise D. accomplish 32. A. actually B. normally C. immediately D. generally 33. A. posted B. renewed C. signed D. registered 34. A. thankfulness B. forgiveness C. compensation D. communication 35. A. history B. motto C. pattern D. lesson 【答案】16 C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述老师发现学生画自己的丑画像后，通过沟通理解学生并反思自身的故事。 【16题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我走到这个“小违规者”身边，要求看那张纸条。她僵住了，拒绝把它给我。A. Shocked震惊的；B. Delighted高兴的；C. Frozen僵住的；D. Interested感兴趣的。根据上文的“Walking over to the young offender, I asked for the note.”以及下文“she refused to give it to me”可知，作者突然到了学生面前，要求看纸条时的反应，应该是“僵住”的状态。故选C项。 【17题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我等着，教室里所有的注意力都集中在师生之间这场安静的较量上。A. battle较量；B. barrier障碍；C. conference会议；D. confusion困惑。根据上文“she refused to give it to me.”以及“I waited”可知，师生间一方等着要求看纸条、一方拒绝的情景，这是一种无声的较量。故选A项。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她最终把纸条递过来时，她小声说：“好吧，但这不是我画的。”A. took拿；B. thought想；C. turned转动；D. handed递。根据上文“I asked for the note”及“finally”可知，学生最终把纸条递了过来，hand over表示“递过来”。故选D项。 【19题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是一张我的手绘肖像，牙齿被涂黑了，嘴里还说着“我很蠢”。A. statue雕像；B. portrait肖像；C. sculpture雕塑；D. poster海报。根据下文“teeth blackened and the words “I’m stupid” coming out of my mouth.”可知，这是一幅肖像画。故选B项。 【20题详解】 考查副词/形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我努力不哭的时候，我的脑子愤怒地运转着。A. curiously好奇地；B. angrily愤怒地；C. cautiously谨慎地；D. chilly寒冷的（形容词，此处需副词，排除）。根据上文“It was a hand-drawn ____4____ of me, teeth blackened and the words “I’m stupid” coming out of my mouth.”可知，画中内容对作者的丑化，所以此处作者应是愤怒的，脑子愤怒地运转。故选B项。 21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想我知道画这幅画最有可能的两个候选人。A. contestants参赛者；B. applicants申请者；C. candidates候选人；D. sponsors赞助商。根据上文的“When she finally ____3____ it over, she whispered, “Okay, but I didn’t draw it.””可知，交出画像的学生不是画这幅画的人，由此可知，此处指可能画这幅画的人，即候选人。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：给他们一个教训对他们有好处，也许现在正是我该这么做的时候了！A. good好处；B. harm伤害；C. favor帮忙；D. wrong错误。根据下文的“and maybe it was high time that I did it!”可知，作者觉得是时候该做这件事情了，由此可推断，此处指的是作者认为此时教训他们是对他们有好处的，do some good表示有好处，符合语境，给他们教训是有益的。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，我能控制住自己。A. affected影响；B. relieved缓解；C. charged指控；D. controlled控制。根据上文“I managed to fold it up calmly”可知，作者控制住了自己的情绪。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉他们这对我来说有多伤人时，他们都沉默了。A. grateful感激的；B. hurtful伤人的；C. regretful后悔的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据上文画中内容及“struggled not to cry”可知，这对作者来说是伤人的。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他们一定有隐藏的原因，现在是他们写下任何想告诉我的事情的机会。A. forgotten被遗忘的；B. chosen被选择的；C. hidden隐藏的；D. broken破碎的。根据语境和下文的“and now was their chance to write down anything they needed to tell me.”可知，作者让学生写下想要跟作者要说的事情，由此可推断，作者认为学生画这幅画一定有没说出来的隐藏原因。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来我浏览这些纸条时，很多人都写着“我没有针对你”或“很抱歉让你受伤了”。A. looked through浏览；B. saw through看穿；C. got through通过；D. put through接通。根据下文的“many of them said something like, “I’ve got nothing against you,” or “I’m sorry you were hurt.””可知，此处介绍的是学生们写的内容，由此可推断，此处指的是作者浏览纸条，符合语境。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些孩子说：“我们怕你。”A. proud骄傲的；B. aware意识到的；C. afraid害怕的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文“I was too ____14___ , too strict....”可知，学生指出作者太严厉，由此可知，学生可能害怕作者。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有两张纸条，来自我认为是这幅画的幕后黑手的女孩们，上面列了一堆问题。A. figured认为；B. clarified澄清；C. convinced说服；D. confirmed确认。根据上文“I figured I knew the two most likely ___6____ for drawing the picture.”可知，此处是作者认为的那两个女孩。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我太刻薄，太严格了……。A. agreeable和蔼可亲的；B. mean刻薄的；C. straightforward坦率的；D. considerate体贴的。根据下文的“too strict”及学生对作者的负面评价可知，此处指的是作者“刻薄”符合语境。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：读着这些纸条，我意识到在这一年里，我没有鼓励我的学生，而是开始命令他们去完成（任务）。A. forcing强迫；B. teaching教；C. comforting安慰；D. encouraging鼓励。根据上文的“instead of”及下文的“begun commanding them”可知，作者是没有鼓励而是命令学生做事情。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：读着这些纸条，我意识到在这一年里，我没有鼓励我的学生，而是开始命令他们去完成（任务）。A. appreciate欣赏；B. accumulate积累；C. compromise妥协；D. accomplish完成。根据常识和下文的“Reading those notes, I realized that over the course of this year, instead of ____15____ my students, I had begun commanding them”可知，老师命令学生“完成”任务，符合语境。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我以为我在驱使他们走向成功，实际上我却在把他们赶走。A. actually实际上；B. normally正常地；C. immediately立刻；D. generally通常。根据上文的“Where I thought I was driving them to success”可知，作者出发点是让孩子们成功，结合下文的“driving them away.”可知，此处指的是实际上把学生赶走了。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有男孩都签名的那张卡片对这个丑陋的玩笑表示了真诚的歉意。A. posted张贴；B. renewed更新；C. signed签名；D. registered注册。根据上文的“When the kids walked into the classroom the next day, one boy and one girl each handed me a card.”可知，学生们交给作者一张卡片，结合下文的“expressed sincere regret for the ugly joke.”可知，此处表示学生们向作者表示歉意，所以卡片应是被签名的。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：女孩们送的那张卡片请求原谅。A. thankfulness感激；B. forgiveness原谅；C. compensation补偿；D. communication交流。根据上文“expressed sincere regret for the ugly joke.”可知，学生们向作者表达歉意，结合“asked for”可知，此处表示请求原谅。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对孩子们和我来说都是一个教训。A. history历史；B. motto座右铭；C. pattern模式；D. lesson教训。根据下文“Forgiveness does not change the past, but it does enlarge the future.”及整个故事，这是一个教训。故选D项。 IV.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Shipping containers, currently experiencing a major shortage, have a life of 10 to 15 years when used to transport goods across oceans. So what happens to these massive and durable structures after that? Often they’re recycled into low-cost storage—other times they simply sit in ports around the world. Now, architects are finding new and improved ways to unlock their low-cost and sustainable development potential. Sustainable Support System On land that was meant to become a jail, instead stands a 60,500 square-foot housing facility supporting unhoused people. The Care First Village holds 232 units, as well as a common building with laundry facilities, dining areas and a dog park. Performing Art Cart The concept of the microtheater first began in Madrid, where audiences gathered to watch short performances in different rooms of an old hotel. In 2021, Microtheater first appeared, hosting short plays in shipping containers. Step inside and watch one or all of the original 15-minute shows. Eco-Friendly Attraction This is not your typical café. Its design, inspired by coffee trees, features 29 shipping containers piled in a manner to look like branches. While a shipping container doesn’t typically scream “natural light,” skylight windows are strategically placed throughout the structure. Green Arena (竞技场) Located on the Gulf shoreline, Stadium 974 is a 40,000-capacity arena created from 974 shipping containers. The first temporary stadium in World Cup history, it will host FIFA World Cup matches this year—and then its components will be shipped to countries in need around the world for repurposing. Mach 1 “Every single thing you buy in the world has been transported in these things,” artist David Mach says of his fascination with shipping containers. While still in the design stages, his sculpture will soon have a home in Edinburgh Park, with a coffee bar and exhibition space available to visitors inside. 36. Why might architects be interested in using shipping containers for construction? A. They are not expensive but long-lasting. B. They are perfectly fit for temporary structures. C. They offer a creative and cost-effective building material. D. They are more durable than traditional concrete buildings. 37. How does the concept of Stadium 974 differ from other projects mentioned in the passage? A. It is designed as an artistic landmark in a public space. B. It is the only project designed to be temporary and relocated. C. It is a creative approach to providing short-term living spaces. D. It serves as a multifunctional place for performances. 38. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. How to deal with a global container shortage B. How to plan a sustainable life in containers C. How to build creative container homes D. How to give containers a second life 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了航运集装箱在结束其运输使命后，如何被建筑师和设计师们重新利用，转化为可持续的、低成本的建筑项目。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“So what happens to these massive and durable structures after that? Often they’re recycled into low-cost storage—other times they simply sit in ports around the world. Now, architects are finding new and improved ways to unlock their low-cost and sustainable development potential.(那么，在那之后，这些巨大且耐用的集装箱会怎么样呢？它们常常被回收改造成低成本的储物空间，而其他时候，它们就只是闲置在世界各地的港口。如今，建筑师们正在寻找新的、更好的方法，来挖掘它们在低成本和可持续发展方面的潜力)”可知，建筑师们正在寻找新的、改进的方法来释放集装箱低成本和可持续发展的潜力。因此可以推断出建筑师们对使用集装箱进行建筑感兴趣的原因是因为它们提供了一种创造性和经济高效的建筑材料。故选C。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Green Arena (竞技场)”部分中的“Located on the Gulf shoreline, Stadium 974 is a 40,000-capacity arena created from 974 shipping containers. The first temporary stadium in World Cup history, it will host FIFA World Cup matches this year—and then its components will be shipped to countries in need around the world for repurposing.(位于墨西哥湾海岸线的974体育场是一座可容纳4万人的竞技场，由974个海运集装箱建造而成。这是世界杯历史上第一个临时体育场，今年它将举办国际足联世界杯的比赛，之后，它的各个组成部分将被运往世界各地有需要的国家，以供重新利用)”可知，974体育场是世界杯历史上第一个临时体育场，比赛结束后其组件将被运往世界各地有需要的国家重新利用，其他项目未提及有这样的特点。故选B。 【38题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章开篇提出海运集装箱在完成运输使命后，通常有回收成低成本储物空间或闲置在港口等情况，接着指出建筑师们正在挖掘它们在低成本和可持续发展方面的潜力，随后详细介绍了几个将海运集装箱进行改造再利用的项目，如改造成住房设施、微型剧院、咖啡馆、体育场和雕塑等。选项D“How to give containers a second life(如何赋予集装箱第二次生命)”可以作为本文的最佳标题，准确地概括了文章的主旨，即通过各种方式对海运集装箱进行再利用，让它们在完成运输任务后有新的用途。故选D。 B Frances Arnold has always been a rebel. Her willingness to question authority and make her own way helped her earn the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her pioneering work in “directed evolution of enzymes (酶)”. Getting there, though, required Arnold to refine her innovative effort in a process that took decades. Arnold, 64, grew up in a conservative family in a suburb of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. At the age of 15, she left home to seek an independent life. She found her own apartment in the city and worked a number of jobs to get by — while still attending high school. The experience taught her valuable life lessons. “I’m not a follower,” she says. “I had to do my thing in my own way and often it was the hard way.” Arnold was eventually reconciled with her family. She applied to the Mechanical Engineering Department at Princeton University, her dad’s alma mater (母校). After graduating in 1979, she briefly took up jobs in solar technology before realizing it was not where her passion lay. Her determination to make a difference, however, remained unchanged. She went back to school to earn advanced degrees in chemical engineering at the University of California at Berkeley. When she completed her postdoctoral (博士后的) work there in 1986, Arnold joined the faculty at Caltech (加州理工学院) and has since been working there in the fields of chemical engineering, bioengineering and biochemistry. In terms of research potential, her timing was perfect. The world of DNA was just opening up. Gene splicing (基因剪接) technology was new. “We were hoping to make the code of life work for us,” Arnold recalls. At the time it was a complicated, laborious process that required knowing which changes in the DNA would lead to whatever traits (特质) the researchers wanted to change. To make a useful medicine for instance, the responsible gene had to be modified (修改). Never one to follow the crowd, she thought she had a better idea — use evolution, because DNA was “composed by evolution over the millennia”. Her vision was to speed it up and make it work for us. “Humans have been creating new forms of life by artificial selection for thousands of years,” she says. “From corn to hairless cats, we’ve been modifying DNA to serve us by choosing who goes on to parent the next generation.” She decided to breed proteins that had the traits she was interested in. And as it turned out, proteins were able to adapt quickly to new demands that were being placed upon them. “To me, directed evolution seemed obvious,” she recalls. This was not true for everyone. “I got a lot of pushback. People were telling me the only proper way was to sit down and design genes.” Despite the pressure, Amold persevered. In part, it was her determination and courage. But she doesn’t claim credit for herself. “Anything I do is small. But I amplify (放大) that by sharing ideas with other people,” she says. “They gave me the Nobel Prize really because my ideas were magnified by so many other people.” 39. According to the article, which of the following statements about Frances Arnold is true? A. She never listened to anything her parents said. B. She applied to study engineering at her father’s request. C. She didn’t know early on that her interest was in studying DNA. D. She had to take several part-time jobs to put herself through college. 40. We can tell from the context that “Amold was eventually reconciled with her family.” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________ A. she and her family got back in touch B. she chose not to trust her family in the end C. she refused to live with her family D. she was no longer in conflict with her family 41. According to the article, what is the secret of Frances Amold’s success? A. Her optimistic attitude toward life. B. Her natural curiosity about everything. C Her willingness and courage to take an unusual path. D. Her passion for making a difference in the scientific world. 42. According to the article, which of the following descriptions DOES NOT fit Frances Arnold? A. Creative and capable. B. Generous and considerate. C. Adventurous and pioneering. D. Straightforward and stubborn. 【答案】39. C 40. D 41. C 42. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍弗朗西斯·阿诺德的成长经历、研究历程及获诺贝尔奖的相关情况。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“After graduating in 1979, she briefly took up jobs in solar technology before realizing it was not where her passion lay. Her determination to make a difference, however, remained unchanged. She went back to school to earn advanced degrees in chemical engineering at the University of California at Berkeley.(1979年毕业后，她短暂从事过太阳能技术方面的工作，之后意识到那并非自己热爱所在。但她想要有所作为的决心从未改变。她回到学校，在加州大学伯克利分校攻读化学工程高级学位。)”以及第六段中的“In terms of research potential, her timing was perfect. The world of DNA was just opening up.(就研究潜力而言，她的时机恰到好处。DNA领域刚刚兴起。)”可知，她早期并不知道自己的兴趣在研究DNA上。故选C项。 【40题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“Arnold, 64, grew up in a conservative family in a suburb of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. At the age of 15, she left home to seek an independent life.(64岁的阿诺德在宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡郊区的一个保守家庭长大。15岁时，她离家寻求独立生活。)”以及第四段“She applied to the Mechanical Engineering Department at Princeton University, her dad’s alma mater (母校).(她申请了父亲的母校普林斯顿大学的机械工程系。)”可知，她后来申请了父亲的母校，说明她与家人的关系有所缓和，不再处于冲突状态，因此“Arnold was eventually reconciled with her family.”意为“她最终与家人和解了。”，即她不再与家人有冲突。故选D项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Frances Arnold has always been a rebel. Her willingness to question authority and make her own way helped her earn the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her pioneering work in “directed evolution of enzymes (酶)”.(弗朗西斯·阿诺德一直是个叛逆者。她乐于质疑权威、走自己的路，这帮助她凭借在“酶的定向进化”方面的开创性工作获得了2018年诺贝尔化学奖。)”以及倒数第二段“Never one to follow the crowd, she thought she had a better idea — use evolution, because DNA was “composed by evolution over the millennia”.(她从不随波逐流，她认为自己有一个更好的主意——利用进化，因为DNA是“数千年来通过进化形成的”。)”和最后一段中的“Despite the pressure, Amold persevered. In part, it was her determination and courage.(尽管面临压力，阿诺德还是坚持了下来。部分原因在于她的决心和勇气。)”可知，弗朗西斯·阿诺德成功的秘诀在于她愿意并敢于走不寻常的路。故选C项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Frances Arnold has always been a rebel. Her willingness to question authority and make her own way helped her earn the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her pioneering work in “directed evolution of enzymes (酶)”.(弗朗西斯・阿诺德向来是个叛逆者。她乐于质疑权威、坚持走自己的路，而这一点助力她凭借在 “酶的定向进化” 领域的开创性研究，荣获 2018 年诺贝尔化学奖。)”可知，A选项描述的“Creative and capable(有创造力且有能力)”是对弗朗西斯・阿诺德的描述，她在“酶的定向进化”方面的开创性工作体现了这一点；根据最后一段中的““Anything I do is small. But I amplify (放大) that by sharing ideas with other people,” she says.(“我所做的任何事都微不足道。但通过与他人分享想法，我能将其影响力放大，”她说。)”可知，B选项描述的“Generous and considerate(慷慨且体贴)”是对弗朗西斯・阿诺德的描述，她乐于与他人分享想法，体现了这一特质；根据第一段中的“Her willingness to question authority and make her own way helped her earn the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her pioneering work in “directed evolution of enzymes (酶)”.(弗她乐于质疑权威、坚持走自己的路，而这一点助力她凭借在“酶的定向进化”领域的开创性研究，荣获 2018 年诺贝尔化学奖。”)”以及第二段中的“At the age of 15, she left home to seek an independent life.(15岁时，她离家去寻求独立生活。)”等内容可知，C选项描述的“Adventurous and pioneering(有冒险精神且具有开创性)”是对弗朗西斯・阿诺德的描述，她敢于离开家寻求独立生活，且在科研上开创了新领域；通读全文，并没有信息能体现弗朗西斯・阿诺德“Straightforward and stubborn(直率且固执)”，她的坚持是对科研的执着，而非固执，因此D选项的描述不符合她。故选D项。 C Many economists have offered theories about how financial crises develop and how they could be prevented. There is no consensus, however, and financial crises continue to occur from time to time. And now, from bankers to factory staff, employees in the West face a cold prospect of losing their jobs as a global depression starts to bite. For colleagues in the East, the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut. Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian companies try harder to preserve jobs in difficult times, which will prevent unemployment and may help Asian economies survive at a time of slowing exports. The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for companies to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, but build up a more loyal and devoted group. “In the Confucian mindset, the right thing to do is to share the burden, which is the sense of collective responsibility. While in the West, it’s more about individual survival,” said Michael Benoliel, associate professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University (SMU). In contrast, local Western companies from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousand, but at the Asian units of Western multinationals or western units of Asian groups, job cuts will probably be less severe. Japan’s jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 percent in January, while Hong Kong’s was flat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last month from below 5 percent in January. Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals from abroad. 43. The underlined word “prospect” in the first paragraph most probably means ________. A. weather B. scene C. place D. possibility 44. Compared with job cuts, pay cuts can bring the following benefits EXCEPT that________. A. it’s helpful to the economy recovery B. it costs the company less money to survive C. it will keep the experienced and skilled workers D. it can form a team working harder and more loyally 45. According to Michael Benoliel, the Confucian mindset focuses on ________. A. human rights B. individual survival C. personal profits D. sharing responsibility 46. In which company can we infer the job cuts will be probably the most severe? A. A local American group. B. A small Japanese company. C. A German branch of a Korean multinational. D. A Hong Kong’s branch of a French company. 47. The passage mainly tells us ________. A. the different labor solutions of Asian and Western in global depression B. the cultural differences between Eastern and Western world at present C. the ways to cut down the cost of the companies in economic downturn D. the difficulties all the companies around the world will meet with today 【答案】43. D 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在全球经济衰退时期，东西方在应对失业问题上采取的不同劳动策略及文化差异对其的影响。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“And now, from bankers to factory staff, employees in the West face a cold prospect of losing their jobs as a global depression starts to bite. (而现在，随着全球大萧条开始显现威力，从银行家到工厂员工，西方国家的雇员们都面临着失业的严峻prospect。)”可知，随着全球大萧条开始显现威力，西方国家的雇员们都面临着失业的极大可能性，prospect在此处指“可能性”，与D选项意思相符。故选D。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian companies try harder to preserve jobs in difficult times, which will prevent unemployment and may help Asian economies survive at a time of slowing exports. The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for companies to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, but build up a more loyal and devoted group. (人力资源专家指出，文化差异是亚洲公司在困境中更努力保住员工岗位的原因，这有助于防止失业，并可能帮助亚洲经济在出口放缓时期维持运转。这种东亚人的观念也使得公司能够更快地从经济衰退中复苏，因为它们无需重新招聘或培训新员工，而是能够打造一个更加忠诚且敬业的团队。)”可知，降薪的好处包括有助于经济复苏、留住有经验和技能的工人、形成更努力忠诚的团队，未提及公司生存成本更低 。故选B。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“In the Confucian mindset, the right thing to do is to share the burden, which is the sense of collective responsibility. (在儒家思想中，正确的做法是分担责任，这是一种集体责任感。)”可知，儒家思想注重分担责任。故选D。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“In contrast, local Western companies from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousand, but at the Asian units of Western multinationals or western units of Asian groups, job cuts will probably be less severe. (相比之下，从通用汽车到高盛的当地西方公司计划裁员数千人，但在西方跨国公司的亚洲部门或亚洲集团的西方部门，裁员可能不会那么严重。)”可推断，在当地美国公司裁员会最严重。故选A。 【47题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第二段中“Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian companies try harder to preserve jobs in difficult times, which will prevent unemployment and may help Asian economies survive at a time of slowing exports. (人力资源专家表示，文化差异解释了为什么亚洲公司在困难时期更努力地保住工作岗位，这将防止失业，并可能帮助亚洲经济在出口放缓时期生存下来。)”可知，文章主要讲述了在全球经济衰退时期，东西方在应对失业问题上采取的不同劳动策略及文化差异对其的影响。故选A。 D Lump (肿块) in my pocket; heavy, old-fashioned flip phone, let me salute (致敬) you. I can’t remember how long we’ve been together. Seven years or more? Even back then, you were retro (复古的). The salesman in the phone store spoke warmly of your indestructibility, as if that were your prime virtue: He said I could throw you against a wall if I wanted, and you'd just bounce off. But I would never do that. Why can’t I quit you? First, the obvious thing: You are not connected to the Internet. So for me, you are a little brick of privacy. And by privacy I don’t mean cookies or my Social Securıty number or whatever — I mean the narrow space of imagination in which I exist when I’m not diddling about online. I mean what’s left of my non-digital self. When I clack your two halves shut, that’s it. Second, you’ve become rather talismanic (护身符般的), socially. It’s like hanging around with a maladaptive (适应不良的) friend: I enjoy watching people react to you. When I hold you, wave you around, I get sighs of pity and confusion, especially from the young. “Look at you, man,” somebody said to me the other day when I took you out to exchange numbers. “Look at you.” We're out of the dream, you and me. When I have two spare minutes, I don’t pull you out and stare at you, enchanted (着魔的), moving my fingertips across your surface. I stand around like a spare part, hands in my pockets. I feel the breeze on my face. I hear the hum of the city and the hum of my brain. Do I have the energy to send a text? I frown when I text. Sometimes I sweat. I smash your noisy little buttons; it sounds like I’m operating a telegraph. Three clicks to get to a C-tack-tack-tack-two more for an E. A decent sentence can take me 10 minutes. Anybody who gets a text from me knows I mean it. What will I do when you go? Your name is Kyocera, king of kings. You are a black monument in the desert of Time. Notes: Kyocera is the English name for Kyocera Corporation, a multinational ceramic and electronics manufacturing company headquater in Kyoto, Japan. 48. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Shopping. B. Doing research. C. Surfing randomly. D. Watching videos. 49. According to the article, the author loves his flip phone because it ________. ①is strong and durable ②helps him avoid pointless social contact ③allows him to pay more attention to the things around him ④offers a private space for him to stay away from the Internet A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 50. According to the last but one paragraph, what’s the shortcoming of his flip phone? A. It has a slow data transfer rate. B. It is inconvenient to type on the buttons. C. He's unable to use it as an escape when he’s bored. D. The noise it makes is embarrassing in a public place. 【答案】48. C 49. C 50. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇散文。作者对使用多年的翻盖手机充满感情，因其坚固、能带来隐私空间，还让他更关注周遭，尽管打字不便。 【48题详解】 词句猜测题。 根据第三段原文“when I’m not diddling about online (当我不在线上diddling about 时)”，并结合前文提到手机“not connected to the Internet (未连接互联网)”，以及作者强调手机带来“privacy (隐私)”和“non-digital self (非数字化的自我)”可知，“diddling about online”在此处指“随意浏览网络”的行为，与C项“Surfing randomly (随机上网浏览)”语义相符。故选C项。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。分析选项可知，①“is strong and durable (坚固耐用)”对应第二段原文“The salesman in the phone store spoke warmly of your indestructibility, as if that were your prime virtue: He said I could throw you against a wall if I wanted, and you’d just bounce off. (手机店推销员热情称赞你的坚不可摧，仿佛那是你最大的优点：他说我即使把你扔到墙上，你也只会弹起来。)”；③“allows him to pay more attention to the things around him (让他更关注周围事物)”对应第五段原文“When I have two spare minutes, I don’t pull you out and stare at you, enchanted (着魔的), moving my fingertips across your surface. I stand around like a spare part, hands in my pockets. I feel the breeze on my face. I hear the hum of the city and the hum of my brain. (当我有两分钟空闲的时候，我不会把你拉出来盯着你看，着迷地用指尖在你的表面上移动。我像备件一样站着，双手插在口袋里。我感觉到微风拂过我的脸。我听到了城市的嗡嗡声和我大脑的嗡嗡声。)”；④“offers a private space for him to stay away from the Internet (为他提供远离网络的私人空间)”对应第三段原文“Why can’t I quit you? First, the obvious thing: You are not connected to the Internet. So for me, you are a little brick of privacy. (为什么我无法离开你？首先，很明显：你无法连接互联网。所以对我来说，你是一块隐私的小砖头。)”，而文中未提及②“helps him avoid pointless social contact (帮助他避免无意义的社交接触)”，故正确组合为①③④。故选C项。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。 根据倒数第二段原文“Three clicks to get to a C—tack-tack-tack—two more for an E. A decent sentence can take me 10 minutes. Anybody who gets a text from me knows I mean it. (按三次键才能打出字母 C—— 嗒嗒嗒 —— 再按两次打出 E。一句像样的话要花我10分钟。任何收到我短信的人都知道我是认真的。)”可知，翻盖手机的按键设计导致打字极其不便。故选B项。 第II卷(共25分) V.完成句子(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 选择方框中所给短语适当形式填入以下句中，使句意通顺。 arise from be exposed to be subject to burst out come round fade from live life to the full on the whole prior to strike a chord turn down weigh up 51. In modern society, with the widespread use of electronic devices, people are constantly ________ various forms of information, which can both broaden their horizons and pose potential risks. 52. ________, the new policy has brought about positive changes in the local economy, although there are still some minor issues to be addressed. 53. The young man decided to ________ and travel around the world after he quit his stable but dull job, hoping to experience different cultures and meet new people. 54. When it ________ in two weeks, the community fair will showcase local handicrafts, host exciting performances, and offer a variety of delicious street food. 55. The author’s description of the challenges faced by ordinary people in the novel ________ with readers who had similar life experiences, leading to a surge in book sales and numerous hearfelt reviews. 56. Before making an important investment, it’s necessary to carefully ________ the potential benefits and risks to ensure a rational decision. 57. Last year, the sharp decrease in the bird population ________ the destruction of their natural habitats. 58. As soon as she heard the unexpected news, she ________ crying, unable to hold back her emotions any longer. 59. Old traditions and customs gradually ________ people’s memories as modernization progresses rapidly, and it becomes our responsibility to preserve them. 60. All flights in this area are ________ the weather conditions. When there is heavy fog, delays and cancellations are common. 【答案】51. exposed to 52. On the whole 53. live life to the full 54. comes round 55. struck a chord 56. weigh up 57. arose from 58. burst out 59. fade from 60. subject to 【解析】 【51题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：在现代社会，随着电子设备的广泛使用，人们不断接触到各种形式的信息，这些信息既可以拓宽他们的视野，也会带来潜在的风险。根据“various forms of information”可知，此处指人们不断接触到各种信息，be exposed to“接触”符合语境，空前有are，本空用exposed to。故填exposed to。 【52题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：总的来说，新政策给当地经济带来了积极的变化，尽管仍有一些小问题需要解决。此处指总体上新政策带来了积极变化，on the whole“总的来说”符合语境，句首单词首字母要大写。故填On the whole。 【53题详解】 考查固定短语、动词不定式。句意：这个年轻人在辞去了稳定但枯燥的工作后，决定尽情享受生活，环游世界，希望体验不同的文化，结识新朋友。根据“travel around the world after he quit his stable but dull job, hoping to experience different cultures and meet new people”可知，此处指他决定尽情享受生活，live life to the full“尽情享受生活”符合语境，位于不定式符号to后，所以空处用动词原形。故填live life to the full。 【54题详解】 考查固定短语、时态。句意：两周后社区集市开始时，将展示当地手工艺品，举办精彩的表演，并提供各种美味的街头小吃。根据“in two weeks”可知，此处指两周后社区集市开始，come round“来临，到来”符合语境，句子描述将来的事情，When引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填comes round。 【55题详解】 考查固定短语、时态。句意：作者在小说中对普通人所面临的挑战的描述，引起了有相似生活经历的读者的共鸣，导致该书销量激增，并收到了许多真挚的评论。根据“with readers who had similar life experiences”可知，此处指引起了读者的共鸣，strike a chord“引起共鸣”符合语境，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填struck a chord。 【56题详解】 考查固定短语、动词不定式。句意：在进行重要投资之前，有必要仔细权衡潜在的利益和风险，以确保做出理性的决定。根据“the potential benefits and risks to ensure a rational decision”可知，此处指仔细权衡潜在的利益和风险，weigh up“权衡”符合语境，位于不定式符号to后，所以空处用动词原形。故填weigh up。 【57题详解】 考查固定短语、时态。句意：去年，鸟类数量的急剧下降是由其自然栖息地的破坏引起的。根据“the destruction of their natural habitats”可知，此处指鸟类数量下降是由栖息地破坏引起的，arise from“由……引起”符合语境，根据Last year可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填arose from。 【58题详解】 考查固定短语、时态。句意：她一听到这个意外的消息，就突然哭了起来，再也抑制不住自己的情绪。根据“As soon as she heard the unexpected news”以及“crying”可知，此处指她突然哭了起来，burst out“突然……起来”符合语境，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式。故填burst out。 【59题详解】 考查固定短语、时态。句意：随着现代化的快速发展，旧的传统和习俗逐渐从人们的记忆中淡去，我们有责任保护它们。根据“as modernization progresses rapidly”可知，此处指旧的传统和习俗逐渐从人们的记忆中淡去，fade from“从……中淡去”符合语境，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Old traditions and customs是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填fade from。 【60题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：该地区的所有航班都受天气条件的影响。有大雾时，航班延误和取消很常见。根据“When there is heavy fog, delays and cancellations are common”可知，此处指航班受天气条件的影响，be subject to“受……影响”符合语境，空前有are，本空用subject to。故填subject to。 VI.书面表达(共1小题，满分15分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学的李津。学校校报正在举办“好书共享”活动，要求每位同学以“A Book That Left a Deep Impression”为题写一篇文章投稿，向其他同学推荐一本自己读过的印象最为深刻的书，并分享阅读感受。文章内容应包括： 1.推荐书籍的书名、作者及类型； 2.这本书的主要内容； 3.推荐这本书的原因。 注意： 1.词数至少100词。 2.适当添加细节，使文章内容更充实、行文更连贯。 A Book That Left a Deep Impression ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A Book That Left a Deep Impression I’m Li Jin from Chenguang Middle School. Among all the books I’ve read, the one that left a deep impression on me is The Old Man and the Sea, written by Ernest Hemingway, a well-known American writer. It’s a classic novel. The story is about an old Cuban fisherman named Santiago. After going 84 days without catching a fish, he finally hooks a huge marlin. Despite great difficulties and the marlin’s strong resistance, he struggles with it for days and nights. Eventually, he catches the marlin, but on his way back, sharks attack and eat most of it. What remains is just a skeleton. I highly recommend this book because it teaches me a valuable lesson. Although Santiago doesn’t bring back a complete fish, his spirit of never giving up in the face of hardships deeply inspires me. Whenever I encounter difficulties, I’ll think of him and gain the courage to move on. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“A Book That Left a Deep Impression”为题写一篇文章投稿，向其他同学推荐一本自己读过的印象最为深刻的书，并分享阅读感受。 【详解】1.词汇积累 著名的：well-known→famous 尽管：despite→in spite of 最后：eventually→finally 放弃：give up→quit 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Despite great difficulties and the marlin’s strong resistance, he struggles with it for days and nights. 拓展句：Although he faces great difficulties and the marlin puts up strong resistance, he struggles with it for days and nights. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Among all the books I’ve read, the one that left a deep impression on me is The Old Man and the Sea, written by Ernest Hemingway, a well-known American writer. It’s a classic novel.（运用了that引导的定语从句，that被省略） 【高分句型2】Although Santiago doesn’t bring back a complete fish, his spirit of never giving up in the face of hardships deeply inspires me.（运用了although引导的让步状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 天津一中2024-2025-2高二年级英语学科期末质量调查试卷 本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)、第II卷(非选择题)两部分，共100分，考试用时90分钟。第I卷1至6页，第II卷第7页。考生务必将答案涂写规定的位置上，答在试卷上的无效。 第I卷(共75分) I.听力测试(共两节，满分10分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man think of the tie? A. It's very cheap. B. It's in bad condition. C. It's of good quality. 2. Where will the speakers meet? A. At the cinema. B. At the bus stop. C. At the bar. 3. What did the girl lose? A. Her mobile phone. B. Her purse. C. Her bag. 4. What event did Martin watch yesterday? A. A marathon. B. A football game. C. A table tennis game. 5. What will the weather be like early tomorrow? A. Fog. B. Rain. C. Wind. 第二节(共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分) 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至8小题。 6. What did Henry do at dinner? A. He cut up several bites each time. B. He talked happily with others. C. He ate very slowly. 7. Where is Henry from? A Italy. B. The US. C. Britain. 8. What will the woman most probably do next? A. Give Henry some suggestions. B. Ask Heary some questions. C. Go to Rome. 听下面一段对话，回答第6至8小题。 9. What is the man doing? A. Making an invitation. B. Making a party plan. C. Making a complaint. 10. What does the man ask the woman to do? A. Lower the volume of the music. B. Play music for his party. C. Have a good sleep. 11. When does the conversation probably take place? A. In the evening. B. At midnight. C. In the early morning. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至15小题。 12. Who might be most interested in the fair? A. Those who work on computers. B. Those who like designing furniture. C. Those who enjoy learning languages. 13. How long will the fair last? A. 4 days. B. 3 days. C. 2 days. 14. What can people benefit from the fair? A. Job information. B. Good ways to study. C. Free books and tickets. 15. When will the fair end on Thursday? A. At 5:00 pm. B. At 4:00 pm. C. At 3:00 pm II.单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —I failed the exam even though I studied all night. —________ ? I thought you were well prepared. A. How is that so B. What for C. Why not D. So what 2. In the past few decades, Robert Fros’s poem “The Road Not Taken” ________ by a wide range of musicians for its profound themes. A. has adapted B. has been adapted C. was adapted D. adapted 3. The small coastal town of Qingdao, known for its beautiful beaches and rich maritime culture, ________ some of the most spectacular coastal scenery in the country. A. claims B. displays C. boasts D. preserves 4. During the tough years of the National Southwest Associated University, the professors and students persevered. The campus, its facilities ________ due to the war, still echoed with the sound of eager learning. A. being damaged B. having damaged C. damaging D. damaged 5. In the bustling city, there are numerous cafes, but this one, ________, is always packed with people because of its unique coffee blend. A in particular B. in contrast C. in general D. in addition 6. — My computer ________ start, no matter how hard I try. — It might have crashed. You need to have it examined. A. won’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. needn’t 7. It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents ________ Zhang realized the potential of developing flower-growing into a career here. A. which B. when C. where D. that 8. There is a general ________ among parents that the study techniques of many students in the class need improving. A. ambition B. recognition C. dilemma D. affection 9. During the intense fight in World War I, Surgent Presley led his unit through countless terrifying experiences and escaped death on a number of occasions ________ a split-second decision could have meant life or death. A. when B. where C. which D. that 10. In the rapidly evolving field of technology, companies that stick to ________ methods often struggle to keep up with the competition. A. contemporary B. conventional C. innovative D. progressive 11. — I really want to travel around the world, but I don’t have enough money. — ________ you could save some money from your daily expenses. A. Just as B. If only C. Only if D. So that 12. In the charming city of Tianjin, set to host the SCO Summit, ________ the Ancient Cultural Street, a place where visitors can fully immerse themselves in the rich local folk culture. A. sitting B. to sit C. sits D. sit 13. — I heard the medical research team had a really tough time dealing with that new-emerging virus. There were so many roadblocks. — Exactly. But you know what? Their persistent efforts ________ paid off. They’ve come up with an effective treatment. A. potentially B. ultimately C. seemingly D. gradually 14. As the drama The Hunchback of Notre-Dame unfolds, Quasimodo’s character ________a new depth. It’s not merely about his odd appearance; we can see his deep, mixed feelings and strong loyalty. A. takes on B. brings up C. turns out D. gives off 15. You will surely improve your oral English skills ________ you keep speaking English every day. A. even if B. as though C. in case D. as long as III.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In the class I was giving a lecture when a girl’s giggling attracted my attention. As far as I knew note taking really wasn’t that funny. Walking over to the young offender, I asked for the note. ____16____, she refused to give it to me. I waited, all attention in the classroom on the quiet ____17____ between teacher and student. When she finally ____18____ it over, she whispered, “Okay, but I didn’t draw it.” It was a hand-drawn ____19____ of me, teeth blackened and the words “I’m stupid” coming out of my mouth. I managed to fold it up calmly. My mind, however, was working ____20____ as I struggled not to cry. I figured I knew the two most likely ____21____ for drawing the picture. It would do them some ____22____ to teach them a lesson, and maybe it was high time that I did it! Thankfully, I was able to keep myself ____23____. When there were about six minutes remaining, I showed the class the picture. They were all silent as I told them how ____24____ this was for me. I told them there must be a _____25_____ reason and now was their chance to write down anything they needed to tell me. Then I let them write silently while I sniffled in the back of the classroom. As I _____26_____ the notes later, many of them said something like, “I’ve got nothing against you,” or “I’m sorry you were hurt.” Some kids said, “We’re _____27_____ of you.” But two notes, from the girls who I _____28_____ were behind the picture, had a list of issues. I was too _____29_____, too strict.... Reading those notes, I realized that over the course of this year, instead of _____30_____ my students, I had begun commanding them to _____31_____. Where I thought I was driving them to success, I was _____32_____ driving them away. I had some apologizing to do. When the kids walked into the classroom the next day, one boy and one girl each handed me a card. The one _____33_____ by all the boys expressed sincere regret for the ugly joke. The one from the girls asked for _____34_____. This was a _____35_____ for both the kids and me. Forgiveness does not change the past, but it does enlarge the future. 16. A. Shocked B. Delighted C. Frozen D. Interested 17. A. battle B. barrier C. conference D. confusion 18. A. took B. thought C. turned D. handed 19. A. statue B. portrait C. sculpture D. poster 20. A. curiously B. angrily C. cautiously D. chilly 21. A. contestants B. applicants C. candidates D. sponsors 22. A. good B. harm C. favor D. wrong 23. A. affected B. relieved C. charged D. controlled 24. A. grateful B. hurtful C. regretful D. helpful 25. A. forgotten B. chosen C. hidden D. broken 26. A. looked through B. saw through C. got through D. put through 27. A. proud B. aware C. afraid D. ashamed 28. A. figured B. clarified C. convinced D. confirmed 29. A. agreeable B. mean C. straightforward D. considerate 30. A. forcing B. teaching C. comforting D. encouraging 31. A. appreciate B. accumulate C. compromise D. accomplish 32. A. actually B. normally C. immediately D. generally 33. A. posted B. renewed C. signed D. registered 34. A. thankfulness B. forgiveness C. compensation D. communication 35. A. history B. motto C. pattern D. lesson IV.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Shipping containers, currently experiencing a major shortage, have a life of 10 to 15 years when used to transport goods across oceans. So what happens to these massive and durable structures after that? Often they’re recycled into low-cost storage—other times they simply sit in ports around the world. Now, architects are finding new and improved ways to unlock their low-cost and sustainable development potential. Sustainable Support System On land that was meant to become a jail, instead stands a 60,500 square-foot housing facility supporting unhoused people. The Care First Village holds 232 units, as well as a common building with laundry facilities, dining areas and a dog park. Performing Art Cart The concept of the microtheater first began in Madrid, where audiences gathered to watch short performances in different rooms of an old hotel. In 2021, Microtheater first appeared, hosting short plays in shipping containers. Step inside and watch one or all of the original 15-minute shows. Eco-Friendly Attraction This is not your typical café. Its design, inspired by coffee trees, features 29 shipping containers piled in a manner to look like branches. While a shipping container doesn’t typically scream “natural light,” skylight windows are strategically placed throughout the structure. Green Arena (竞技场) Located on the Gulf shoreline, Stadium 974 is a 40,000-capacity arena created from 974 shipping containers. The first temporary stadium in World Cup history, it will host FIFA World Cup matches this year—and then its components will be shipped to countries in need around the world for repurposing. Mach 1 “Every single thing you buy in the world has been transported in these things,” artist David Mach says of his fascination with shipping containers. While still in the design stages, his sculpture will soon have a home in Edinburgh Park, with a coffee bar and exhibition space available to visitors inside. 36. Why might architects be interested in using shipping containers for construction? A. They are not expensive but long-lasting. B. They are perfectly fit for temporary structures. C. They offer a creative and cost-effective building material. D. They are more durable than traditional concrete buildings. 37. How does the concept of Stadium 974 differ from other projects mentioned in the passage? A. It is designed as an artistic landmark in a public space. B. It is the only project designed to be temporary and relocated. C. It is a creative approach to providing short-term living spaces. D. It serves as a multifunctional place for performances. 38. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. How to deal with a global container shortage B. How to plan a sustainable life in containers C. How to build creative container homes D. How to give containers a second life B Frances Arnold has always been a rebel. Her willingness to question authority and make her own way helped her earn the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her pioneering work in “directed evolution of enzymes (酶)”. Getting there, though, required Arnold to refine her innovative effort in a process that took decades. Arnold, 64, grew up in a conservative family in a suburb of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. At the age of 15, she left home to seek an independent life. She found her own apartment in the city and worked a number of jobs to get by — while still attending high school. The experience taught her valuable life lessons. “I’m not a follower,” she says. “I had to do my thing in my own way and often it was the hard way.” Arnold was eventually reconciled with her family. She applied to the Mechanical Engineering Department at Princeton University, her dad’s alma mater (母校). After graduating in 1979, she briefly took up jobs in solar technology before realizing it was not where her passion lay. Her determination to make a difference, however, remained unchanged. She went back to school to earn advanced degrees in chemical engineering at the University of California at Berkeley. When she completed her postdoctoral (博士后的) work there in 1986, Arnold joined the faculty at Caltech (加州理工学院) and has since been working there in the fields of chemical engineering, bioengineering and biochemistry. In terms of research potential, her timing was perfect. The world of DNA was just opening up. Gene splicing (基因剪接) technology was new. “We were hoping to make the code of life work for us” Arnold recalls. At the time it was a complicated, laborious process that required knowing which changes in the DNA would lead to whatever traits (特质) the researchers wanted to change. To make a useful medicine for instance, the responsible gene had to be modified (修改). Never one to follow the crowd, she thought she had a better idea — use evolution, because DNA was “composed by evolution over the millennia”. Her vision was to speed it up and make it work for us. “Humans have been creating new forms of life by artificial selection for thousands of years,” she says. “From corn to hairless cats, we’ve been modifying DNA to serve us by choosing who goes on to parent the next generation.” She decided to breed proteins that had the traits she was interested in. And as it turned out, proteins were able to adapt quickly to new demands that were being placed upon them. “To me, directed evolution seemed obvious,” she recalls. This was not true for everyone. “I got a lot of pushback. People were telling me the only proper way was to sit down and design genes.” Despite the pressure, Amold persevered. In part, it was her determination and courage. But she doesn’t claim credit for herself. “Anything I do is small. But I amplify (放大) that by sharing ideas with other people,” she says. “They gave me the Nobel Prize really because my ideas were magnified by so many other people.” 39. According to the article, which of the following statements about Frances Arnold is true? A. She never listened to anything her parents said. B. She applied to study engineering at her father’s request. C. She didn’t know early on that her interest was in studying DNA. D. She had to take several part-time jobs to put herself through college. 40. We can tell from the context that “Amold was eventually reconciled with her family.” in Paragraph 4 probably means ________ A. she and her family got back in touch B. she chose not to trust her family in the end C. she refused to live with her family D. she was no longer in conflict with her family 41. According to the article, what is the secret of Frances Amold’s success? A. Her optimistic attitude toward life. B. Her natural curiosity about everything. C. Her willingness and courage to take an unusual path. D. Her passion for making a difference in the scientific world. 42. According to the article, which of the following descriptions DOES NOT fit Frances Arnold? A. Creative and capable. B. Generous and considerate. C Adventurous and pioneering. D. Straightforward and stubborn. C Many economists have offered theories about how financial crises develop and how they could be prevented. There is no consensus, however, and financial crises continue to occur from time to time. And now, from bankers to factory staff, employees in the West face a cold prospect of losing their jobs as a global depression starts to bite. For colleagues in the East, the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut. Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian companies try harder to preserve jobs in difficult times, which will prevent unemployment and may help Asian economies survive at a time of slowing exports. The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for companies to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, but build up a more loyal and devoted group. “In the Confucian mindset, the right thing to do is to share the burden, which is the sense of collective responsibility. While in the West, it’s more about individual survival,” said Michael Benoliel, associate professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University (SMU). In contrast, local Western companies from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousand, but at the Asian units of Western multinationals or western units of Asian groups, job cuts will probably be less severe. Japan’s jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 percent in January, while Hong Kong’s was flat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last month from below 5 percent in January. Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals from abroad. 43. The underlined word “prospect” in the first paragraph most probably means ________. A. weather B. scene C. place D. possibility 44. Compared with job cuts, pay cuts can bring the following benefits EXCEPT that________. A. it’s helpful to the economy recovery B. it costs the company less money to survive C. it will keep the experienced and skilled workers D. it can form a team working harder and more loyally 45. According to Michael Benoliel, the Confucian mindset focuses on ________. A. human rights B. individual survival C. personal profits D. sharing responsibility 46. In which company can we infer the job cuts will be probably the most severe? A. A local American group. B. A small Japanese company. C. A German branch of a Korean multinational. D. A Hong Kong’s branch of a French company. 47. The passage mainly tells us ________. A. the different labor solutions of Asian and Western in global depression B. the cultural differences between Eastern and Western world at present C. the ways to cut down the cost of the companies in economic downturn D. the difficulties all the companies around the world will meet with today D Lump (肿块) in my pocket; heavy, old-fashioned flip phone, let me salute (致敬) you. I can’t remember how long we’ve been together. Seven years or more? Even back then, you were retro (复古的). The salesman in the phone store spoke warmly of your indestructibility, as if that were your prime virtue: He said I could throw you against a wall if I wanted, and you'd just bounce off. But I would never do that. Why can’t I quit you? First, the obvious thing: You are not connected to the Internet. So for me, you are a little brick of privacy. And by privacy I don’t mean cookies or my Social Securıty number or whatever — I mean the narrow space of imagination in which I exist when I’m not diddling about online. I mean what’s left of my non-digital self. When I clack your two halves shut, that’s it. Second, you’ve become rather talismanic (护身符般的), socially. It’s like hanging around with a maladaptive (适应不良的) friend: I enjoy watching people react to you. When I hold you, wave you around, I get sighs of pity and confusion, especially from the young. “Look at you, man,” somebody said to me the other day when I took you out to exchange numbers. “Look at you.” We're out of the dream, you and me. When I have two spare minutes, I don’t pull you out and stare at you, enchanted (着魔的), moving my fingertips across your surface. I stand around like a spare part, hands in my pockets. I feel the breeze on my face. I hear the hum of the city and the hum of my brain. Do I have the energy to send a text? I frown when I text. Sometimes I sweat. I smash your noisy little buttons; it sounds like I’m operating a telegraph. Three clicks to get to a C-tack-tack-tack-two more for an E. A decent sentence can take me 10 minutes. Anybody who gets a text from me knows I mean it. What will I do when you go? Your name is Kyocera, king of kings. You are a black monument in the desert of Time. Notes: Kyocera is the English name for Kyocera Corporation, a multinational ceramic and electronics manufacturing company headquater in Kyoto, Japan. 48. What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Shopping. B. Doing research. C. Surfing randomly. D. Watching videos. 49. According to the article, the author loves his flip phone because it ________. ①is strong and durable ②helps him avoid pointless social contact ③allows him to pay more attention to the things around him ④offers a private space for him to stay away from the Internet A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 50. According to the last but one paragraph, what’s the shortcoming of his flip phone? A. It has a slow data transfer rate. B. It is inconvenient to type on the buttons. C. He's unable to use it as an escape when he’s bored. D. The noise it makes is embarrassing in a public place. 第II卷(共25分) V.完成句子(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 选择方框中所给短语适当形式填入以下句中，使句意通顺。 arise from be exposed to be subject to burst out come round fade from live life to the full on the whole prior to strike a chord turn down weigh up 51. In modern society, with the widespread use of electronic devices, people are constantly ________ various forms of information, which can both broaden their horizons and pose potential risks. 52. ________, the new policy has brought about positive changes in the local economy, although there are still some minor issues to be addressed. 53. The young man decided to ________ and travel around the world after he quit his stable but dull job, hoping to experience different cultures and meet new people. 54. When it ________ in two weeks, the community fair will showcase local handicrafts, host exciting performances, and offer a variety of delicious street food. 55. The author’s description of the challenges faced by ordinary people in the novel ________ with readers who had similar life experiences, leading to a surge in book sales and numerous hearfelt reviews. 56. Before making an important investment, it’s necessary to carefully ________ the potential benefits and risks to ensure a rational decision. 57. Last year, the sharp decrease in the bird population ________ the destruction of their natural habitats. 58. As soon as she heard the unexpected news, she ________ crying, unable to hold back her emotions any longer. 59. Old traditions and customs gradually ________ people’s memories as modernization progresses rapidly, and it becomes our responsibility to preserve them. 60. All flights in this area are ________ the weather conditions. When there is heavy fog, delays and cancellations are common. VI.书面表达(共1小题，满分15分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学的李津。学校校报正在举办“好书共享”活动，要求每位同学以“A Book That Left a Deep Impression”为题写一篇文章投稿，向其他同学推荐一本自己读过的印象最为深刻的书，并分享阅读感受。文章内容应包括： 1.推荐书籍的书名、作者及类型； 2.这本书的主要内容； 3.推荐这本书的原因。 注意： 1.词数至少100词。 2.适当添加细节，使文章内容更充实、行文更连贯。 A Book That Left a Deep Impression ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $