专题05 语法填空（湖南专用）-【好题汇编】三年（2023-2025）中考英语真题分类汇编

专题05 语法填空 （2025·湖南）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Long, long ago, there was a city called Jijiaocheng, so named because it was said to have been built at daybreak. ____1___ city was on the rich Liyang Plain (平原). Many waterways. ____2____ (provide) water for crop fields and the people living inside and outside of the city. The rulers of Jijiaocheng asked the people ____3____ (cut) down trees in the mountains. The wood was shipped by ____4____ (worker) to the city for tall buildings. Standing in them, the city’s rulers will be able to see ____5____ (they) people and crops between the waterways. In autumn, plenty of rice was brought to the city. This is not some bedtime story. It ____6____ (real) took place around 4,500 years ago. Thousands of years later, the once busy ____7____ rich Jijiaocheng, which is now in a town of Hunan, came to the notice of the modern world. With the help of archaeologists (考半车) and historians, artists painted recreations of life in Jijiaocheng in a ____8____ (tradition) scroll (卷釉). The scroll was part of a huge project. A group of artists spent two years ____9____ it. It includes eight paintings, which are 140 meters long in total. It ____10____ (show) early human activities on the Liyang Plain and the prehistoric culture in Hunan. 【答案】 1. The 2. provided 3. to cut 4. workers 5. their 6. really 7. and 8. traditional 9. on 10. shows 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了古代城市极交城的历史及其在现代的考古发现，并通过艺术家的画卷重现了当时的生活场景。 1．句意：这座城市位于富饶的澧阳平原上。根据“city was on the rich Liyang Plain (平原)”可知，此处特指前文提到的Jijiaocheng，需用定冠词The。故填The。 2. 句意：许多水道为农田和城市内外的人们提供水源。根据“Many waterways”和“water for crop fields”可知，此处描述过去的事实，动词用一般过去时provided。故填provided。 3. 句意：极交城的统治者要求人们砍伐山上的树木。根据“asked the people”可知，ask sb to do sth为固定搭配，表示“要求某人做某事”。故填to cut。 4. 句意：木材由工人们通过水路运到城市用于建造高楼。根据“shipped by…to the city”可知，此处指复数概念的工人，用workers。故填workers。 5. 句意：站在高楼上，统治者可以看到水道间他们的子民和庄稼。根据“see…people and crops”可知，此处需用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词。故填their。 6. 句意：它确实发生在约4500年前。根据“took place”可知，需用副词really修饰动词。故填really。 7. 句意：几千年后，曾经繁忙而富裕的极交城引起了现代世界的注意。根据“busy…rich Jijiaocheng”可知，需用并列连词and连接两个形容词。故填and。 8. 句意：艺术家们在一幅传统卷轴上重现了极交城的生活场景。根据“scroll”可知，需用形容词traditional修饰名词。故填traditional。 9. 句意：一组艺术家花了两年时间完成它。根据“spent two years”可知，spend time on sth为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”。故填on。 10. 句意：它展示了澧阳平原上的早期人类活动和湖南的史前文化。根据“includes eight paintings”可知，主语It为单数，动词用第三人称单数shows。故填shows。 （2025·长沙）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have always loved reading books that were written hundreds or even thousands of years ago. These are the literature classics (文学经典), and they ____11____ (be) of lasting value. For example, The Iliad, written almost three thousand years ago, tells us about the good and bad qualities (品质) of human nature; that is to say, we can be heroic and silly at ____12____ same time. China has ____13____ (it) own long history of classical literature that dates back to the “Four Books and Five Classics”. These books ____14____ (write) before the Qin Dynasty. No one was considered educated unless they had read these classics. Even today, students are encouraged ____15____ (read) The Analects of Confucius (《论语》). There are also ____16____ (new) classics than those above, such as Journey to the West and A Dream of Red Mansions. Still, many people don’t want to read them ____17____ they are long and have complex plots (复杂的情节). But they are great ____18____ (story) which also show the goodness and weakness of human nature. Are you interested ____19____ learning more about the classics? Just reading some of them will give you a better understanding of the basis (基础) of culture then. They will also help you better understand yourself and others. ____20____ (slow) but surely, you will fall in love with them. 【答案】11. are 12. the 13. its 14. were written 15. to read 16. newer 17. because 18. stories 19. in 20. Slowly 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者之前喜欢读最新出版的书，后来喜欢上读有永久价值的“旧”书的故事。 11.句意：这些便是文学经典之作，它们具有永恒的价值。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，故填are。 12. 句意：例如，约三千年前创作的《伊利亚特》一书向我们展示了人性中的善与恶；也就是说，我们有时可以表现出英勇的一面，有时又会显得愚蠢。at the same time“同时”，固定短语，故填the。 13. 句意：中国有着悠久的古典文学历史，其源头可追溯至“四书五经”。此处作定语修饰其后的名词短语，用形容词性物主代词形式，故填its。 14. 句意：这些书籍是在秦朝之前写成的。本句主语是动作的承受者，时态是过去时，主语是复数，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were written。 15. 句意：即使今天，学生们仍被鼓励阅读《论语》这部著作。be encouraged to do sth“被鼓励去做某事”，故填to read。 16. 句意：还有比上述作品更新的经典作品，比如《西游记》和《红楼梦》。根据“than”可知，此处应使用比较级，故填newer。 17. 句意：不过，仍有许多人不愿去读这些书，因为它们篇幅很长，情节也十分复杂。“they are long and have complex plots”是“many people don’t want to read them”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 18. 句意：但这些都是精彩的故事，同时也展现了人性中的美好与缺陷。根据“they are”可知，此处应使用名词复数形式，故填stories。 19. 句意：你是否对了解经典著作感兴趣呢？be interested in“对……感兴趣”，固定短语，故填in。 20. 句意：慢慢地但毫无疑问，你会爱上它们的。此处与“surely”并列，使用副词形式，句首需大写首字母，故填Slowly。 （2024·湖南）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I work at a most popular restaurant in my hometown. I love working here as a member of a fantastic team. People here are very 　21． 　（friend） and hard-working. I started by washing dishes when I was only 18. I worked hard, and soon became 　22． 　 waiter. Simon，who was head chef（主厨）then，began to show 　23． 　（I） how to cook. I loved it so much and I 　24． 　（go）to college to learn more. When Simon left the restaurant, I became head chef．At the time all the food was traditional. The quality（品质）was good，but I wanted to do something different, so I decided 　25． 　(have) a different menu. Now we serve food from all over the country. There are many markets and food shops here. I can 　26． 　（usual）find any ingredient（配料）I need. I use a lot of natural food. Some people think it is not so delicious, 　27． 　 I don't agree. Well-prepared natural food has 　28． 　（good） taste than fast food. Our food is healthy and most customers love it. We use the best meat and the freshest vegetables. At the weekend we play many 　29． 　（kind）of music. There's also a special menu 　30． 　 children on Saturdays and that's when we serve traditional food. 【答案】21．friendly；22．a；23．me；24．went；25．to have；26．usually；27．but；28．better；29．kinds；30．for 【知识点】记叙文；自我认识；自我提升；学会学习 【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述作者18岁开始，从一个厨房学徒成长为主厨的故事。 【点评】考查语法填。空答题时要跳过空格，通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所去部分逐一解答。注意要考虑句型、语法搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，并逐一验证。 21．句意：这里的人们非常友好而且勤劳。friend，朋友，可数名词。hard-working，形容词，努力的，勤奋的；and是并列连词，连接的前后两单词词性相同，所以空格处要用形容词。friend对应的形容词是friendly。故填friendly。 22．句意：我努力工作，很快就成为一个服务员了。waiter是单数可数名词，表示泛指，发音是辅音开头，所以前面要用不定冠词a。故填a。 23．句意：当时担任主厨的西蒙开始向我演示如何烹饪。I，我，人称代词，主格。在动词后的人称代词要用宾格。I 对应的宾格人称代词是me。故填me。 24．句意：我非常喜欢它并且我会去上大学来学习更多东西。go，去，动词。根据原文" I loved it so much and I …"可知这是并列句，and前面句子使用一般过去时，后面的句子也用一般过去时，动词用过去式。go 的过去式是went。故填went。 25．句意：但我想做点不同的事情，所以我决定提供不同的菜单。have，有，动词。固定短语，decide to do sth.决定做某事。have 的不定式是to have。故填to have。 26．句意：我通常可以找到我需要的任何配料。usual，通常的，形容词。用副词修饰动词，usual的副词形式是usually。故填usually。 27．句意：有人认为不那么好吃，但是我不同意。根据原文"Some people think it is not so delicious"和"I don't agree"两句话的意思相反，是转折关系，所以要用转折连词but来连接。故填but。 28．句意：精心准备的天然食品比快餐味道更好。good，好的，形容词。根据句子中"than fast food"可知是两种食物相比较，要用比较级。形容词good的比较级是better。故填better。 29．句意：周末我们演奏很多种音乐。kind，种类。可数名词。many后接可数名词复数形式，kind的复数形式是kinds。故填kinds。 30．句意：周六我们还为 10 名儿童提供特别菜单，届时我们会供应传统食物。for，为，给，介词，后接对象。故填for。 （2024·长沙） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese New Year is a great celebration. It 　31． 　 (mark) the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. According to tradition, people like to give flowers and fruits 　32． 　 each other during Chinese New Year, because they carry many special 　33． 　 (meaning). They represent (象征) the earth coming back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. Orchids (兰花) come in many colors, but many people like purple and red ones for Chinese New Year. They are believed 　34． 　 (represent) love and beauty. Orchids say, "Wish you to be 　35． 　 (luck), successful and happy." During the holiday period, this plant is a must. Peonies (牡丹) are like soft clouds in pink, red and white. They are beautiful and can brighten up someone's day. Red peonies 　36． 　 (give) to people to show love and care. Peonies say, "You are special to me." They are also a symbol of wealth and 　37． 　(rich). Kumquats (金橘), with　38． 　 (they) golden color, ate a symbol of wealth and luck. The Chinese word for "kumquat" sounds like "gold orange", which connects kumquats with richness. This small fruit tree is often presented in pairs. The apple, with its bright colors 　39． 　 round shape, represents peace and harmony (和谐). In fact, the word for "apple" in Chinese sounds like "peace". 　40． 　 (certain), apples make great gifts. 【答案】31．marks；32．to；33．meanings；34．to represent；35．lucky；36．are given；37．richness；38．their；39．and；40．Certainly 【知识点】说明文；中国传统节假日与庆祝活动 【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍人们喜欢在春节期间互赠鲜花和水果这一习俗及背后的意义。 【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意 要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，并逐一验证。 31．句意：它标志着冬天的结束和春天的开始。本文时态是一般现在时，本句主语是三单lt，动词用单三形式，mark标志，动词，故填marks。 32．句意：根据传统，人们喜欢在春节期间互赠鲜花和水果，因为它们承载着许多特殊的含义。固定搭配give sth. to sb.意为"给某人某物"，故填to。 33．句意：根据传统，人们喜欢在春节期间互赠鲜花和水果，因为它们承载着许多特殊的含义。由空前的many可知，空格处应填名词复数，因为many修饰可数名词复数，meaning意思，可数名词，故填meanings。 34．句意：人们认为它们代表着爱和美。be believed to do sth间为"被相信做某事"，represent代表，动词，故填to represent。 35．句意：兰花的意思是:"祝你幸运、成功、快乐。"根据空格后的succesful and happy可知，空格处应填形容词作表语与成功的和快乐的并列，luck幸运，名词，其形容词形式为lucky，故填lucky。 36．句意：红色的牡丹是用来表示爱和关心的。分析句子可知，本句主语Red peonies和动词give之间是被动关系，本文的时态是一般现在时，本空要用一般现在时的被动语态be done，主语是复数，be动词要用are，故填are given。 37．句意：它们也是财富和富裕的象征。分析句子可知，空格处应与wealth并列，用名词形式，rich富有的，形容词，其名词形式为richness，故填richness。 38．句意：金黄色的金橘被认为是财富和幸运的象征。根据空格后的名词性短语golden color再结合所给的代词可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词作定语，they他们，主格，其形容词性物主代词形式为their，故填their。 39．句意：苹果颜色鲜艳，形状圆润，象征着和平与和谐。分析句意可知，本句空格前后构成并列关系，用and连接，故填and。 40．句意：当然，苹果是很好的礼物。分析句子可知应用副词放句首修饰整个句子，certain确定的，形容词，其副词形式为certainly，放句首应大写首字母，故填Certainly。 （2023·怀化） 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people often leave their hometowns to work in the cities. Zhang Bin, 　41． 　 46-year- old man from Huaihua, is one such person. He 　42． 　 (work) in a shoe factory in Wenzhou. He 　43． 　 (real) misses his hometown. More and more hometowns are developing 　44． 　 (fast) than before. Large hospitals and new schools are built. There are many new roads and 　45． 　 (bridge). This has made traveling between villages 　46． 　 cities much easier. Thanks to the new roads around his village, Zhang Bin will now be able 　47． 　 (open) an online shop that sells delicious food from his hometown. Zhang Bin thinks the changes 　48． 　 (be) great in his hometown. He is very happy about the new school in his village. 　49． 　, he believes that one thing will never change — the lovely old tree. The hometown is the place that holds 　50． 　 (he) best memories. 【答案】41．a；42．works；43．really；44．faster；45．bridges；46．and；47．to open；48．are；49．However；50．his 【知识点】语法填空；社会现象类；记叙文 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章以张斌为例，讲述离开家乡去城市里工作的人发现家乡发生了很大的变化的故事。 【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读—遍，并逐一验证。 41．句意：张斌，一个来自怀化的46岁男子就是这样一个人。此处表示泛指，且46的英文是forty-six是以辅音音素开头的，故答案为：a。 42．句意：他在温州的一家鞋厂工作。work，工作，动词。此句是一般现在时，主语He，第三人称单数形式，动词用第三人称单数形式，故答案为：works。 43．句意：他非常想念他的家乡。real，真的，形容词。根据句子结构分析可知此空修饰动词misses，应用副词really，故答案为：really。 44．句意：越来越多的家乡比以前发展得快。fast，快速地，副词。根据than可知，此空应用比较级，故答案为：faster。 45．句意：有许多新的道路和桥。bridge，桥，可数名词。此空与roads为并列关系，所以此空应用复数形式，故答案为：bridges。 46．句意：这使得乡村和城市之间的旅行更加容易。between...and，在.....和.…...之间，固定搭配，故答案为：and。 47．句意：由于村里修了新路，张斌现在可以开网店卖家乡的美食了。open，开，动词。根据"be able to do sth，能够做某事，固定搭配"，可知此处应用动词不定式，故答案为：to open。 48．句意：张斌认为家乡的变化很大。be，是，动词原形。此句是一般现在时，主语changes是复数形式， be动词用are。故答案为：are。 49．句意：然而，他相信有一件事永远不会改变——那棵可爱的老树。句子"he believes that one thing will never change—the lovely old tree"与前文是转折关系，此空位于句首，且空格后有逗号隔开，应用副词however然而，句首单词首字母大写，故答案为：However。 50．句意：家乡是拥有他最美好的回忆的地方。he，他，人称代词主格。此空修饰名词memories，应用形容词性物主代词his，故答案为：his。 （2023·长沙） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you know World Letter Writing Day? It falls 　51． 　 September 1st every year. It was set up by Richard Simpkin in 2014. He encouraged people 　52． 　 (take) a break from today's social media (媒体) and write a letter to someone by hand. Who should you write to? Think about a friend or relative that lives far away. A parent or best friend would also love to receive 　53． 　 (you) letter. How do you write a letter? 　54． 　 (general) speaking, a letter includes these parts. The date and a greeting (问候语) such as "Dear…" should be at the top of the letter. A closing such as "Love" or "Yours truly" needs to follow the body. End it by 　55． 　 (sign) it. Why should you pick up a pen and write a letter? It is a surprise that may make someone's day. It's 　56． 　 good way to show people that you have been thinking of them. Everyone loves a personal touch. It makes 　57． 　 (enjoy) memories (回忆). Some people save 　58． 　 (letter) and look at them over the years. A recent study shows that letter writing 　59． 　 (make) the writer happy, too. "Handwriting is your DNA. It's your fingerprint that only you can share with others," said Richard Simpkin. So, get some paper 　60． 　 pick up a pen. Start writing a letter today! 【答案】51．on；52．to take；53．your；54．Generally；55．signing；56．a；57．enjoyable；58．letters；59．makes；60．and 【知识点】语法填空；说明文；其他节日 【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了世界写信日，应该写信给谁，应该怎么写信，写信有什么意义等。 【点评】考查语法填空，答题时要跳过空格，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一作答，逐一要考虑句型，语法，搭配以及语境等因素，最后通读一遍并验证。 51．句意：它是在每年的9月1日。根据空格后September 1st，9月1日，表示具体的时间，应用介词on，故填on。 52．句意：他鼓励人们从今天的社交媒体中休息一下，手写一封信给别人。take拿走，动词。固定搭配encourage sb to do sth，鼓励某人做某事，可知此处应用不定式to take，故填to take。 53．句意：父母或最好的朋友也会很乐意收到你的信。you你。根据空格后letter，信，名词，此处应用形容词修饰名词作定语，应用形容词性物主代词your，你的，故填your。 54．句意：一般来说，一封信包括这些部分。 general普通的，形容词。固定搭配generally speaking，一般来说，句首需大写首字母，故填Generally。 55．句意：通过签名来结束它。sign签名，动词。根据空格后by，通过，是介词，其后加动名词作宾语，故填signing。 56．句意：这是一个很好的方式来告诉人们你一直在想着他们。根据空格后good way，好方法，此处泛指一个方法，good是以辅音音素发音，应用a修饰，故填a。 57．句意：它带来愉快的回忆。enjoy享受，动词。此处作定语修饰memories，记忆，应用形容词形式，enjoy的形容词为enjoyable，愉快的，故填enjoyable。 58．句意：有些人把信件保存起来，多年来一直看。letter信，名词。根据空格后them，它们，可知，此处应使用名词复数形式，故填letters。 59．句意：最近的一项研究表明，写信也会让写信人感到快乐。make使，动词。分析句子，可知时态是一般现在时，主语是letter writing，写信，谓语动词应用三单形式，故填makes。 60．句意：所以，拿起纸和笔。根据空格前后get some paper...pick up a pen，拿一些纸......拿起笔，可知前后为并列关系，应用and连接，故填and。 （2023·衡阳） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Our family bought a new smart TV set last week. It is 　61． 　 (real) cool! But we didn't know what we should do 　62． 　 the old one. Then I 　63． 　 (see) an advertisement (广告) for Tech-Help. Tech-Help donates smart TV sets to people who need them. 　64． 　 far, Tech- Help has donated (捐赠) 　65． 　 (many) than 2,000 smart TV sets to different families across the country. Last year they gave smart TV sets to poor families. 　66． 　 is very easy to donate smart TV sets to Tech-Help. Yesterday, my brother 　67． 　 I took the old smart TV set to a local shop. Two 　68． 　 (hour) later, Tech-Help collected it from the shop. They will clean the smart TV set and make it better. Right now, Tech-Help is giving smart TV sets to families in Xinjiang. There are about 50 families on the 　69． 　 (wait) list. They believe they will get the smart TV sets soon. I'm 　70． 　 (excite) we could do something to help others! 【答案】61．really；62．with；63．saw；64．So；65．more；66．It；67．and；68．hours；69．waiting；70．excited 【知识点】语法填空；环保类；记叙文 【解析】【分析】文章大意： 上周我的家庭买了一台新的智能电视机。昨天，我的父亲和我带着旧的智能电视机去了一家当地的商店。两小时后，Tech-Help取走了电视机。Tech-Help已经捐赠了两千多台智能电视机给全国的不同家庭。 【点评】考查单词拼写填空，注意根据所给词义/首字母和句子结构确定词性和词形。 61．句意：它确实很酷。修饰形容词cool，用副词作状语。形容词real确实的，副词为really确实地，故填really。 62．句意：但是我们不知道我们应该做怎样处理旧的(电视机)。根据下文Tech-Help donates smart TV sets to people who need them.Tech Help向有需要的人捐赠智能电视机。可知不知道应该怎样处理旧的智能电视机，用固定短语do with处理。故填with。 63．句意：然后我看到一则 Tech-Help 的广告。根据上文中的谓语动词didn't，可知看到广告发生在过去，用一般过去时，see的过去式saw，故填saw。 64．句意：到目前为止， Tech- Help 已捐赠2000多台智能电视机给全国各地的不同家庭。根据句子的谓语动词has donated，现在完成时和far，用固定短语so far到目前为止，位于句首要大写，故填 So。 65．句意：到目前为止， Tech- Help 已捐赠2000多台智能电视机给全国各地的不同家庭。句中有than，用固定短语more than超过，多于，故填more。 66．句意：将智能电视机捐赠给Tech Help是很容易的。根据句子结构可知，用固定句型It is+形容词+to do sth做某事怎么样，it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，故填It。 67．句意：昨天，我的哥哥和我带着那台旧的智能电视机去了当地的一家商店。句子的主语my brother和I，可知此处为并列的主语，用连词and连接，故填and。 68．句意：两个小时后， Tech-Help (人员)从商店领取了它。hour小时，可数名词，其前有基数词two，用复数hours，故填hours。 69．句意：等待者的名单上大约有50个家庭。修饰名词list作定语，表示正在进行的动作，用现在分词作定语，故填waiting。 70．句意：我为我们能做一些事帮助别人感到兴奋。空格前有连系动词am，要用形容词作表语，exciting令人激动的，修饰物；excited兴奋的，修饰人。主语I，指人，形容词excited，故填excited。 （2023·岳阳）阅读下面短文，在空白处填一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Volunteering means that someone works to help people without being paid. Volunteers help people who really need help. There are many places where you can see different volunteers. At school gates, you can see some volunteers with red vests (马甲). Can you guess ____71____ they are? They are parent volunteers. When students go ____72____ the street, parent volunteers ____73____ up a “SLOW” sign to let drivers slow down. In order to become professional traffic volunteers, parents are supposed to learn how to give directions to students and stop them from ____74____ soccer on the road. ____75____ of these volunteers, students can get to school and go back home safely. Yueyang Daily reports many parents are looking ____76____ to being a volunteer. They wish to make an effort to protect students’ safety. Another group of “red vests” show up on main roads. They help cleaners pick up dirty paper, plastic bags, glass bottles and so on. They ask the passers-by (路人) not to throw the rubbish everywhere. “____77____ you please take away your rubbish?” “Would you mind picking up your cigarette butts (烟头)? ...” ____78____ their work seems simple, they still take it seriously. Wherever you go, you can see volunteers in red vests, they have become the most beautiful scenes in our city. Some teenagers ____79____ their free time in hospitals or old people’s homes. They cheer sick kids up or look after old people. In the countryside, some college students play an important role ____80____ volunteering. They can provide science and technology help for farmers. Some volunteers work as teachers in village schools. A lot of volunteers give their kindness with a helping band. They can make a difference to people in need and the society. 【答案】71. who 72. across 73. put 74. playing 75. Because 76. forward 77. Could 78. Although##Though 79. spend 80. in 【导语】本文主要介绍不同地方的不同志愿者。 71. 句意：你能猜到他们是谁吗？根据“Can you guess...they are? They are parent volunteers.”可知，猜他们是谁，用who引导宾语从句，故填who。 72. 句意：当学生过马路时，家长志愿者会竖起一个“SLOW”的标志，让司机减速。根据“When students go...the street”可知，此处是go across the street短语，意为“过马路”，故填across。 73. 句意：当学生过马路时，家长志愿者会竖起一个“SLOW”的标志，让司机减速。根据“parent volunteers...up a ‘SLOW’ sign”可知，此处是put up短语，意为“举起”，故填put。 74. 句意：为了成为专业的交通志愿者，父母应该学会如何给学生指路，阻止他们在路上踢足球。根据“stop them from...soccer on the road”可知，此处是play soccer短语，意为“踢足球”，from是介词，其后加动名词作宾语。故填playing。 75. 句意：因为有了这些志愿者，学生们可以安全地上学和回家。根据“...of these volunteers, students can get to school and go back home safely.”可知，因为志愿者，学生们可以安全上下学，because of“因为”符合语境，句首需大写首字母。故填Because。 76. 句意：据《岳阳日报》报道，许多家长都期待着成为一名志愿者。根据“Yueyang Daily reports many parents are looking...to being a volunteer.”可知，此处是look forward to短语，意为“期待”，故填forward。 77. 句意：请你把垃圾拿走好吗？根据“...you please take away your rubbish?”可知，请对方把垃圾带走，用could表示委婉语气，句首需大写首字母。故填Could。 78. 句意：虽然他们的工作看起来很简单，但他们仍然认真对待。分析“...their work seems simple, they still take it seriously.”可知，前后两句构成让步关系，用although/though引导让步状语从句，句首需大写首字母。故填Although/Though。 79. 句意：一些青少年在医院或敬老院度过他们的空闲时间。根据“Some teenagers...their free time in hospitals or old people’s homes.”可知，此处指度过他们的空闲时间，spend“度过”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填spend。 80. 句意：在农村，一些大学生在志愿服务中发挥着重要作用。根据“some college students play an important role...volunteering”可知，此处是play an important role in短语，意为“在……中起重要作用”，故填in。 （2023·永州）阅读下面句子，在空白处填一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 81. At _________ beginning, many people in Europe refused to eat tomatoes because they thought the fruit was dangerous. 【答案】the 【详解】句意:起初，许多欧洲人拒绝吃西红柿，因为他们认为这种水果很危险。此处是固定短语at the beginning“起初”，故填the。 82. The People’s Republic of China was set up _________ 1st October 1949. People have celebrated the National Day since then. 【答案】on 【详解】句意:中华人民共和国成立于1949年10月1日。从那时起，人们就开始庆祝国庆节。空后“"1stOctober 1949”是具体的某一天，用时间介词on。故填on。 83. I’ve decided _________（stay）away from fried food and soft drinks since I had my medical exam. 【答案】 to stay 【详解】句意:自从体检后，我决定远离油炸食品和软饮料。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，为固定短语，故填to stay。 84. Last week my sister _________ (fail) her cooking exam because she burnt something. 【答案】 failed 【详解】句意:上周我妹妹烹饪考试不及格，因为她把东西烧焦了。根据"Last week"可知本句是一般过去时，动词需用过去式。故填failed。 85. Deng Yaping is my hero because she’s one of the best table tennis _________ (player) in the world, and I love playing table tennis. 【答案】 players【解析】 【详解】句意:邓亚萍是我的英雄，因为她是世界上最好的乒乓球运动员之一，我喜欢打乒乓球。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示“……中最……之一”，固定结构。故填players。 86. A journey of a thousand li ________（begin）with a single step. 【答案】 begins 【详解】句意:千里之行，始于足下。begin“开始”，动词，此处是一个习语，句子用一般现在时，主语A journey是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填begins。 87. China plans to pay more attention to scientific ________（educate）in its primary and middle schools. 【答案】education 【详解】句意:中国计划更加重视中小学的科学教育。educate“教育"”，动词。此处位于形容词scientific后，应用名词education。故填education。 88. Three Chinese astronauts on board the Shenzhou-15 manned spaceship returned to Earth _________（safe）on June 4, 2023, completing their six-month space station task. 【答案】 safely 【详解】句意:2023年6月4日，神舟15号载人飞船上的三名中国宇航员安全返回地球，完成了为期六个月的空间站任务。safe“安全的”，形容词，此处是修饰动词，应用副词，故填safely。 89. My parents and I _________（visit）Yangmingshan Mountain this winter. 【答案】visited 【详解】句意:今年冬天，我和父母参观了阳明山。visit“参观”，是动词，根据“this winter"可知动作已发生，应用一般过去时，故填visited。 90. Study hard ________ you will succeed in the end. 【答案】and 【详解】句意:努力学习，你最终会成功的。分析题干可知，此处是“祈使句+andort陈述句""的结构，前后递进关系，应用and，故填and。 （2023·常德）阅读下面的材料, 在空白处填入适当内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式 (1个或几个单词), 使句子通顺正确。 91. —What do you want to be when you grow up? —I want to be ________ actor. 【答案】an 【详解】句意：——你长大后想做什么？——我想成一名演员。此处泛指一名演员，actor首字母发元音音素，故填an。 92. —How often do you watch the game show? —________ (two) a week. 【答案】Twice 【详解】句意：——你多久看一次游戏节目？——一周两次。twice a week“一周两次”，此处强调频率，句首需大写首字母。故填Twice。 93. —Look! What are the boys doing? —They ________ (play) basketball. 【答案】are playing 【详解】句意：——看！男孩们在做什么？——他们在打篮球。根据“Look! What are the boys doing?”可知，强调动作正在发生，用现在进行时，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are playing。 94. —What did you do in class this morning, Sally? —We had a ________ (discuss), about Chinese culture. 【答案】discussion 【详解】句意：——今天早上你在课堂上做了什么，莎莉？——我们讨论了中国文化。a修饰可数名词单数，discussion“讨论”符合语境，故填discussion。 95. The car is old, but it still runs very ________ (good). 【答案】well 【详解】句意：这辆车很旧，但它仍然运行得很好。good“好的”，形容词。此处修饰动词runs，应用其副词形式well。故填well。 96. —What are you usually doing ________ a quarter to eight in the morning? —Generally, I am having my breakfast at home. 【答案】at 【详解】句意：——你通常在早上七点四十五做什么？——一般来说，我在家吃早餐。a quarter to eight表具体时刻，其前应加介词at。故填at。 97. The Yangtze River is one of ________ (long) rivers in the world. 【答案】the longest 【详解】句意：长江是世界上最长的河流之一。long“长的”，形容词。此处是句式：one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数。故填the longest。 98. —Do you know the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place? —Yes, it ________ (write) by Aron Ralston. 【答案】was written 【详解】句意：——你知道《生死两难》这本书吗？——知道，它是阿伦·罗斯顿写的。本句主语是动作的承受者，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was written。 99. —What’s your prediction about the future? —I think there ________ (be) less pollution. 【答案】will be 【详解】句意：——你对未来的预测是什么？——我认为污染会减少。根据“What’s your prediction about the future?”可知，时态是一般将来时，故填will be。 100. ________ it’s normal to want successful children, it’s even more important to have happy children. 【答案】Although/Though 【详解】句意：虽然想要成功的孩子很正常，但更重要的是想要快乐的孩子。结合句意，前半句表示“想要成功的孩子很正常”，后半句表示“更重要的是想要快乐的孩子”，前后表示让步关系，故填Although/Though。 One evening, a clever man, Haojia went to get some water. To his surprise, ____101___ he looked into the well, he found the moon in it. “Oh, my god! The beautiful moon ____102____ (drop) into the well!” He quickly put his bucket (水桶) into the well to fish for the moon. After some time, Haojia was pleased ____103____ (find) that the moon was in the bucket. He began to pull. He pulled so hard that the rope on the bucket ____104____ (break) and he fell on his back. Facing the sky, Haojia saw the moon again high there. “Aha, ____105____ finally came back to the sky! What a good job!” He felt very happy and told everyone about the wonderment proudly. 【答案】101. when 102. has dropped 103. to find 104. broke 105. it 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个“聪明人”用木桶捞井里的“月亮”的故事。 101.句意：令他惊讶的是，当他往井里看的时候，他发现了里面的月亮。根据“…he looked into the well, he found the moon in it”可知，当他往井里看时，发现井里的月亮，故用when“当……时”引导时间状语从句。故填when。 102.句意：美丽的月亮掉到井里了！drop“掉”，动词。分析句子可知，月亮已经掉到井里了，所以他会发现月亮在井里，过去的动作对现在产生了影响，应为现在完成时，主语moon是第三人称单数，故用助动词has。故填has dropped。 103.句意：过了一段时间，郝佳很高兴地发现月亮在桶里。find“发现”，动词。be pleased to do sth.“高兴做某事”，故用动词不定式。故填to find。 104.句意：他用力拉得水桶上的绳子都断了，他仰面摔倒了。break“打破，断裂”，动词。根据“fell”可知，此处是一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填broke。 105.句意：啊哈，它终于回到了天空！此处指井里的月亮又回到了空中，故用人称代词it指代moon。故填it 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 语法填空 （2025·湖南）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Long, long ago, there was a city called Jijiaocheng, so named because it was said to have been built at daybreak. ____1___ city was on the rich Liyang Plain (平原). Many waterways. ____2____ (provide) water for crop fields and the people living inside and outside of the city. The rulers of Jijiaocheng asked the people ____3____ (cut) down trees in the mountains. The wood was shipped by ____4____ (worker) to the city for tall buildings. Standing in them, the city’s rulers will be able to see ____5____ (they) people and crops between the waterways. In autumn, plenty of rice was brought to the city. This is not some bedtime story. It ____6____ (real) took place around 4,500 years ago. Thousands of years later, the once busy ____7____ rich Jijiaocheng, which is now in a town of Hunan, came to the notice of the modern world. With the help of archaeologists (考半车) and historians, artists painted recreations of life in Jijiaocheng in a ____8____ (tradition) scroll (卷釉). The scroll was part of a huge project. A group of artists spent two years ____9____ it. It includes eight paintings, which are 140 meters long in total. It ____10____ (show) early human activities on the Liyang Plain and the prehistoric culture in Hunan. （2025·长沙）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I have always loved reading books that were written hundreds or even thousands of years ago. These are the literature classics (文学经典), and they ____11____ (be) of lasting value. For example, The Iliad, written almost three thousand years ago, tells us about the good and bad qualities (品质) of human nature; that is to say, we can be heroic and silly at ____12____ same time. China has ____13____ (it) own long history of classical literature that dates back to the “Four Books and Five Classics”. These books ____14____ (write) before the Qin Dynasty. No one was considered educated unless they had read these classics. Even today, students are encouraged ____15____ (read) The Analects of Confucius (《论语》). There are also ____16____ (new) classics than those above, such as Journey to the West and A Dream of Red Mansions. Still, many people don’t want to read them ____17____ they are long and have complex plots (复杂的情节). But they are great ____18____ (story) which also show the goodness and weakness of human nature. Are you interested ____19____ learning more about the classics? Just reading some of them will give you a better understanding of the basis (基础) of culture then. They will also help you better understand yourself and others. ____20____ (slow) but surely, you will fall in love with them. （2024·湖南）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I work at a most popular restaurant in my hometown. I love working here as a member of a fantastic team. People here are very 　21． 　（friend） and hard-working. I started by washing dishes when I was only 18. I worked hard, and soon became 　22． 　 waiter. Simon，who was head chef（主厨）then，began to show 　23． 　（I） how to cook. I loved it so much and I 　24． 　（go）to college to learn more. When Simon left the restaurant, I became head chef．At the time all the food was traditional. The quality（品质）was good，but I wanted to do something different, so I decided 　25． 　(have) a different menu. Now we serve food from all over the country. There are many markets and food shops here. I can 　26． 　（usual）find any ingredient（配料）I need. I use a lot of natural food. Some people think it is not so delicious, 　27． 　 I don't agree. Well-prepared natural food has 　28． 　（good） taste than fast food. Our food is healthy and most customers love it. We use the best meat and the freshest vegetables. At the weekend we play many 　29． 　（kind）of music. There's also a special menu 　30． 　 children on Saturdays and that's when we serve traditional food. （2024·长沙） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese New Year is a great celebration. It 　31． 　 (mark) the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. According to tradition, people like to give flowers and fruits 　32． 　 each other during Chinese New Year, because they carry many special 　33． 　 (meaning). They represent (象征) the earth coming back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. Orchids (兰花) come in many colors, but many people like purple and red ones for Chinese New Year. They are believed 　34． 　 (represent) love and beauty. Orchids say, "Wish you to be 　35． 　 (luck), successful and happy." During the holiday period, this plant is a must. Peonies (牡丹) are like soft clouds in pink, red and white. They are beautiful and can brighten up someone's day. Red peonies 　36． 　 (give) to people to show love and care. Peonies say, "You are special to me." They are also a symbol of wealth and 　37． 　(rich). Kumquats (金橘), with　38． 　 (they) golden color, ate a symbol of wealth and luck. The Chinese word for "kumquat" sounds like "gold orange", which connects kumquats with richness. This small fruit tree is often presented in pairs. The apple, with its bright colors 　39． 　 round shape, represents peace and harmony (和谐). In fact, the word for "apple" in Chinese sounds like "peace". 　40． 　 (certain), apples make great gifts. （2023·怀化） 阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Many people often leave their hometowns to work in the cities. Zhang Bin, 　41． 　 46-year- old man from Huaihua, is one such person. He 　42． 　 (work) in a shoe factory in Wenzhou. He 　43． 　 (real) misses his hometown. More and more hometowns are developing 　44． 　 (fast) than before. Large hospitals and new schools are built. There are many new roads and 　45． 　 (bridge). This has made traveling between villages 　46． 　 cities much easier. Thanks to the new roads around his village, Zhang Bin will now be able 　47． 　 (open) an online shop that sells delicious food from his hometown. Zhang Bin thinks the changes 　48． 　 (be) great in his hometown. He is very happy about the new school in his village. 　49． 　, he believes that one thing will never change — the lovely old tree. The hometown is the place that holds 　50． 　 (he) best memories. （2023·长沙） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Do you know World Letter Writing Day? It falls 　51． 　 September 1st every year. It was set up by Richard Simpkin in 2014. He encouraged people 　52． 　 (take) a break from today's social media (媒体) and write a letter to someone by hand. Who should you write to? Think about a friend or relative that lives far away. A parent or best friend would also love to receive 　53． 　 (you) letter. How do you write a letter? 　54． 　 (general) speaking, a letter includes these parts. The date and a greeting (问候语) such as "Dear…" should be at the top of the letter. A closing such as "Love" or "Yours truly" needs to follow the body. End it by 　55． 　 (sign) it. Why should you pick up a pen and write a letter? It is a surprise that may make someone's day. It's 　56． 　 good way to show people that you have been thinking of them. Everyone loves a personal touch. It makes 　57． 　 (enjoy) memories (回忆). Some people save 　58． 　 (letter) and look at them over the years. A recent study shows that letter writing 　59． 　 (make) the writer happy, too. "Handwriting is your DNA. It's your fingerprint that only you can share with others," said Richard Simpkin. So, get some paper 　60． 　 pick up a pen. Start writing a letter today! （2023·衡阳） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Our family bought a new smart TV set last week. It is 　61． 　 (real) cool! But we didn't know what we should do 　62． 　 the old one. Then I 　63． 　 (see) an advertisement (广告) for Tech-Help. Tech-Help donates smart TV sets to people who need them. 　64． 　 far, Tech- Help has donated (捐赠) 　65． 　 (many) than 2,000 smart TV sets to different families across the country. Last year they gave smart TV sets to poor families. 　66． 　 is very easy to donate smart TV sets to Tech-Help. Yesterday, my brother 　67． 　 I took the old smart TV set to a local shop. Two 　68． 　 (hour) later, Tech-Help collected it from the shop. They will clean the smart TV set and make it better. Right now, Tech-Help is giving smart TV sets to families in Xinjiang. There are about 50 families on the 　69． 　 (wait) list. They believe they will get the smart TV sets soon. I'm 　70． 　 (excite) we could do something to help others! （2023·岳阳）阅读下面短文，在空白处填一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Volunteering means that someone works to help people without being paid. Volunteers help people who really need help. There are many places where you can see different volunteers. At school gates, you can see some volunteers with red vests (马甲). Can you guess ____71____ they are? They are parent volunteers. When students go ____72____ the street, parent volunteers ____73____ up a “SLOW” sign to let drivers slow down. In order to become professional traffic volunteers, parents are supposed to learn how to give directions to students and stop them from ____74____ soccer on the road. ____75____ of these volunteers, students can get to school and go back home safely. Yueyang Daily reports many parents are looking ____76____ to being a volunteer. They wish to make an effort to protect students’ safety. Another group of “red vests” show up on main roads. They help cleaners pick up dirty paper, plastic bags, glass bottles and so on. They ask the passers-by (路人) not to throw the rubbish everywhere. “____77____ you please take away your rubbish?” “Would you mind picking up your cigarette butts (烟头)? ...” ____78____ their work seems simple, they still take it seriously. Wherever you go, you can see volunteers in red vests, they have become the most beautiful scenes in our city. Some teenagers ____79____ their free time in hospitals or old people’s homes. They cheer sick kids up or look after old people. In the countryside, some college students play an important role ____80____ volunteering. They can provide science and technology help for farmers. Some volunteers work as teachers in village schools. A lot of volunteers give their kindness with a helping band. They can make a difference to people in need and the society. （2023·永州）阅读下面句子，在空白处填一个适当的词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 81. At _________ beginning, many people in Europe refused to eat tomatoes because they thought the fruit was dangerous. 82. The People’s Republic of China was set up _________ 1st October 1949. People have celebrated the National Day since then. 83. I’ve decided _________（stay）away from fried food and soft drinks since I had my medical exam. 84. Last week my sister _________ (fail) her cooking exam because she burnt something. 85. Deng Yaping is my hero because she’s one of the best table tennis _________ (player) in the world, and I love playing table tennis. 86. A journey of a thousand li ________（begin）with a single step. 87. China plans to pay more attention to scientific ________（educate）in its primary and middle schools. 88. Three Chinese astronauts on board the Shenzhou-15 manned spaceship returned to Earth _________（safe）on June 4, 2023, completing their six-month space station task. 89. My parents and I _________（visit）Yangmingshan Mountain this winter. 90. Study hard ________ you will succeed in the end. （2023·常德）阅读下面的材料, 在空白处填入适当内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式 (1个或几个单词), 使句子通顺正确。 91. —What do you want to be when you grow up? —I want to be ________ actor. 92. —How often do you watch the game show? —________ (two) a week. 93. —Look! What are the boys doing? —They ________ (play) basketball. 94. —What did you do in class this morning, Sally? —We had a ________ (discuss), about Chinese culture. 95. The car is old, but it still runs very ________ (good). 96. —What are you usually doing ________ a quarter to eight in the morning? —Generally, I am having my breakfast at home. 97. The Yangtze River is one of ________ (long) rivers in the world. 98. —Do you know the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place? —Yes, it ________ (write) by Aron Ralston. 99. —What’s your prediction about the future? —I think there ________ (be) less pollution. 100. ________ it’s normal to want successful children, it’s even more important to have happy children. One evening, a clever man, Haojia went to get some water. To his surprise, ____101___ he looked into the well, he found the moon in it. “Oh, my god! The beautiful moon ____102____ (drop) into the well!” He quickly put his bucket (水桶) into the well to fish for the moon. After some time, Haojia was pleased ____103____ (find) that the moon was in the bucket. He began to pull. He pulled so hard that the rope on the bucket ____104____ (break) and he fell on his back. Facing the sky, Haojia saw the moon again high there. “Aha, ____105____ finally came back to the sky! What a good job!” He felt very happy and told everyone about the wonderment proudly. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$