专题02 说明文&议论文阅读（湖南专用）-【好题汇编】三年（2023-2025）中考英语真题分类汇编

专题02 说明文&议论文阅读 （2025·湖南）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 What are insects (昆虫) like in your eyes? Have you ever noticed them? Insects are very interesting animals. They may be small, but they are smart and hard-working. Scientists have studied different kinds of insects very closely. According to their studies, even the smallest insects have tools to help do their work. Have you ever seen a little fly called a sawfly? It gets such a name because it has a s aw (锯子) that is used on plants to create a safe space for its eggs. After laying its eggs, the sawfly makes some glue. The glue fixes the eggs to where they are laid. Another insect that has its own natural tool is the poppy bee (蜂). The bees live in wood. Like people who make things out of wood, poppy bees use special tools to dig nests (巢穴) out of wood. They dig and clean out the nest to make it ready for use. When all is ready, poppy bees cat out pieces of leaves in the shape of a nest. They then join the pieces together and put them into the nest. Ants are also known for their clever use of natural tools. For example, they drop pieces of leaves into water so that they take in the water. Then the ants carry them back to their nests. There are more insects than any other living things in the world. Every insect is special. The more you notice them, the more they will surprise you. 1. How does the writer start the topic? A. By asking questions. B. By listing numbers. C. By making comparisons. 2. What can we know about poppy bees from paragraph 3? A. They clean their nests with big leaves. B. They pot pieces of leaves around nests. C. They dig nests before cutting out leaves. 3. Which of the following use leaves to take in water according to the text? A. Sawflies. B. Poppy bees. C. Ants. 4. What can be the best title for the text? A. Insects and Tools B. Animals and Eggs C. Plants and Leaves （2025长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 One morning, I stopped at my favorite restaurant to get something to eat and got comfortable at a small table. Shortly after, I noticed four young people sitting at a table near me. After simply greeting each other and ordering, they all looked at their phones and continued to do so until their orders arrived. After photographing their food, they ate, continuing to look at their phones. I was wondering why they came here to eat together. They were phubbing, or phone snubbing (冷落), a very common problem these days. You may not know the word “phubbing”, but this kind of act is not strange to you. In fact, 32% of people report that they are phubbed two or three times a day. Do you have a conversation on your phone while talking to another person face to face? Do you scroll (上下滑动) through your phone while eating with someone for fear of missing out? If your answer is yes to either of them, you might be a “phubber”. The writer of The Psychology of Phubbing did a survey and found that the influence of phubbing on relationships can be very harmful or destructive. For example, children felt that parents who phubbed them didn’t care about them. This led to a feeling of being left out. Also, partners who were phubbed might be less satisfied with the relationship because of jealousy (嫉妒) and worries. Phubbing is a learned act, so unlearning it is possible. Start by accepting the problem. Set a time limit (限制) for not using your phone. Create areas where phones are off-limits. Don’t let the modern technology which is designed (设计) to bring people together separate you from others. 5. What did the four young people keep doing before their orders arrived? A. Greeting each other. B. Looking at their phones. C. Photographing their food. 6. How does the writer introduce the word “phubber” in Paragraph 3? A. By raising questions. B. By listing numbers. C. By giving reasons. 7. What does the underlined word “destructive” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. 微乎其微的 B. 积极正向的 C. 有破坏性的 8. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To warn people against phubbing. B. To show how phones bring people closer. C. To present the advantages of modern technology. （2025长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 I used to teach English as a volunteer in Africa. Some of my friends asked me, “Don’t you miss your home, Emily?” I told them I was the only child in my family and I truly had an easy life at home. However, I got bored of having a “good” time at home and needed a change. The kids from Africa were eager (渴望的) to learn and easy to teach. I was surprised at how smart they were. Talking with them made me think a lot. When you come from a poor area, you must grow up fast and deal with all kinds of difficult situations. Volunteering has always been easy for me because I don’t like to do the same things every day. My job also gives me the freedom to choose when and where I work. Although I don’t get paid for volunteering, I’m old enough to know that money is not the only way to get rewarded (回报). The experience itself is priceless. I make lots of connections with good people. Also, when I volunteer, I often work with people who are worse off than I am. That has taught me to practice thankfulness for what I have. Believe me, this life lesson is worth a million dollars. I am not a perfect person. In a sense, I think I’m selfish (自私的). But you don’t have to be a perfect, selfless person to volunteer. In fact, I have benefited (受益) a lot from volunteering. Volunteering helps others, and it can also help yourself, too. The biggest benefit of volunteering is that it helps you develop your character (品质), and that’s the passport to a rich and meaningful life. 9. Why did Emily volunteer in Africa? A. She lived a really difficult life at home. B. She hoped to learn a new language there. C. She wanted to experience something new. 10. How were the African kids in Emily’s eyes in Paragraph 2? A. Quite teachable. B. Hard to deal with. C. Bored of learning. 11. What does Emily get from her volunteering experience? A. The freedom to choose a well-paid job. B. The chance to connect with good people a lot. C. The ability to express thanks for what she has lost. 12. Which of the following would Emily most probably agree with? A. Use it or lose it. B. Old habits die hard. C. Giving is receiving. （2024·湖南） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Headphones are helpful. Many kids use them. But headphones can be harmful, too. They can cause hearing loss if the value（音量）is too loud. Studies show that one out of every ten kids in the United States has some hearing loss. The cause is loud noise. Do you know how we hear? There are cells（细胞）inside the ears that help us hear. We can't see them with our eyes. "We call them hair cell," Jackie Clark said. "They look like hairs standing up." Clark is a scientist at the University of Texas. She studies noises and ears. Sound cannot be seen, but il can make the hair cells move back and forward. Think of the wind in the leaves. Loud noises can damage（损伤）these cells. And once the cells are damaged，they don't grow back. Sometimes, there's tinnitus. "It's like someone is playing a note on the flute（长笛）for a long time." Clark says. It shows we're losing hearing. Tinnitus is not only harmful to our ears, also it can make us feel uneasy. That's why it's necessary to protect our ears. How can we protect our ears? We'd better keep the volume low when we use our headphones. We should be able to hear sounds around us. And other people shouldn't hear noise from our headphones. "If I can hear what you're listening to when you're wearing your headphones," Clark says, "It's too loud." To protect our ears, keep our headphones at about half volume. 13．What can we know about hair cells? A．They help us hear. B．They look like hairs lying down. C．They can be seen clearly with our eyes. 14．What does the underlined word "tinnitus" mean in paragraph 3 A．A musical voice. B．A kind of instrument. C．Ringing in ears. 15．What's the main purpose of the last paragraph? A．To give advice. B．To show problems. C．To explain reasons. 16．What's the main idea of the passage? A．Before listening to music, choose a good headphone. B．When using a headphone, keep the volume low. C．After using a headphone, check your cars. （2024·湖南） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Would you be able to sleep with one eye open? Bottlenose dolphins（宽吻海豚）can. When they sleep, only half of their brain goes to sleep. They sleep with one eye open to stay safe. Half of their brain sleeps for about two hours before the other half of their brain gets a Chance to sleep. Sometimes, the dolphins will keep swimming while they are sleeping. Dolphins are not fish-they are mammals（哺乳动物）.These mammals have lungs（肺）.And they don't have gull（腮） like fish. They are also warm-blooded and have to go to the surface of the water lo get air into their lungs. Dolphins don't lay eggs Their young are born alive, and they drink milk from their mothers. Dolphins are one of the smartest animals in the world. There are many stories about how they save people out of water. They are able to solve many problems like humans. They can even use tools to catch fish. But their cleverness doesn't end there. Dolphins can also pass on anything they learn to other dolphins, like interesting fishing skills. They communicate with each other in many ways. They use different sounds to talk to each other. Dolphins know the "voices" of other dolphins and even know exactly who is making which sound. Another thing that shows their cleverness is that they can also know themselves in a mirror（镜子）and check different parts of their body in it. 17．Why do bottlenose dolphins sleep with one eye open? A．To stay safe. B．To sleep for two hours. C．To swim faster. 18．What can we learn about dolphins from paragraph 2? A．They use gills to get air. B．They are warm-blooded. C．They lay eggs like fish. 19．How do dolphins talk to each other? A．By learning fishing skills. B．By using different sounds. C．By checking their bodies. 20．Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from? A．Art. B．Health. C．Nature. （2024·长沙） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 The Four Seasons, written by the Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi, was first played about 300 years ago. Since then, it has enjoyed worldwide popularity. The great musical work includes four parts: "Spring", "Summer", "Autumn" and ‘‘Winter". Each part brings to mind the season it is meant to describe. "Summer", for example, begins slowly. Listeners can easily picture a hot, lazy summer day when nobody wants to move. When you listen to "Autumn", a harvest (收获) celebration will readily come to mind. But now, Hache Costa, a music director in Spain, has decided to give the old work a fresh feel. He says the climate (气候) today is very different from what it was in the 1700s. The Four Seasons would be "a lot dirtier" if it were written now. Costa has "updated" the musical work to make it match the realities of the modern world. The ‘"updated" musical work has been played in Madrid, Spain. The performance takes place in front of a screen. As the musicians play, a video shows the effects (影响) of climate change, such as forest fires and unusually dry weather. After enjoying it, people find the new "Summer" now sounds noisier and more powerful. Because of global warming (全球变暖), the other three seasons have become shorter. Costa says he expects people to feel "really sad" after listening to the new Four Seasons. "I really want more people to become truly aware of (意识到) what is happening to our planet," says Costa. "And I believe Vivaldi would not be angry with my changes." 21．What do we know about The Four Seasons? A．It is still unpopular now. B．It was written by Hache Costa. C．It was first played about 300 years ago. 22．What will come to mind when we listen to the old "Autumn" according to the passage? A．Forest fires and dry weather. B．A harvest celebration. C．A hot lazy day. 23．Which is close to the underlined word "updated" in meaning in Paragraph 4? A．提上日程 B．追根溯源 C．赋予新意 24．Why did Hache Costa give the old work a fresh feel? A．To call on more people to love music. B．To raise public awareness of climate change. C．To present the story of Antonio Vivaldi's colorful life. （2024·长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 What should you do when you can't find the time to do a long workout? Have you heard of exercise snacks (零食式锻炼)? Exercise snacks are a popular and inventive new way for people to stay fit. Instead of spending hours on the playground, people break that "large meal" into exercise "snacks". These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes. Then you can have a rest for 30 minutes to four hours before another snack. It is reported that exercise snacks can be as useful as traditional exercise methods. Just three exercise snacks a day can benefit (使受益) your physical health. Besides that, there are lots of other benefits. Your concentration (专注力) and creativity get better, and you can become more productive. Also, "snacking" throughout the day stops you from sitting too long. There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, like doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs (楼梯). But for those who don't know where to start, here are some helpful exercise choices: Exercises such as lifting weights will satisfy the needs. Since most people don't keep weights at their offices, lift full water bottles. Squats (深蹲) — moving your body as if to sit down while keeping your back straight. Five to ten of these should make a good snack. For those who don't like traditional exercises, simply turn up the music. Pick a lively song and start dancing. It'll make for a fun workout. What are you waiting for? Let's get moving. Your body will thank you for it! 25．How long can an exercise snack last according to the passage? A．20 seconds to two minutes. B．30 minutes to four hours. C．Five to ten minutes. 26．Which is an acceptable exercise snack mentioned in the passage? A．Doing math exercises. B．Eating snacks. C．Doing sit-ups. 27．What is the writer's attitude (态度) to exercise snacks? A．Doubtful. B．Unclear. C．Supportive. 28．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To change traditional eating habits. B．To introduce an inventive new way to stay fit. C．To encourage people to do long-time outdoor exercise. （2023·怀化）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Chat GPT is a smart AI chatbot(聊天机器人) tool. It is developed by US company Open AI. It is very popular all over the world. It is reported that over 89 percent of students have used Chat GPT to help with their homework. You can ask it to write stories and emails, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions. Some schools in the US, Australia and France don't use Chat GPT. They are afraid that Chat GPT could make it easier for students to cheat (作弊) on homework. Some people also worry that Chat GPT could be used to give wrong information. However, not all schools say "no" to Chat GPT. Some Canadian schools are making decisions on its use for both students and teachers. They will not stop the use of Chat GPT. Bhaskar Vira, a teacher at the school in Cambridge, said that not using Chat GPT is not clever. "We have to know that people will get used to an AI tool in our learning, teaching and examinations," he told a school newspaper. 29．Chat GPT is a ____ AI chatbot tool. A．strange B．useless C．smart 30．What can Chat GPT do? A．Fly kites. B．Cook food. C．Write stories. 31．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Chat GPT was developed by Canada. B．Chat GPT can help with homework. C．All schools in France use Chat GPT. 32．What's the best title of the passage? A．Chat GPT B．A Useless Tool C．The History of AI （2023·怀化） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 In China, there are 24 solar terms (节气) in a year. And there are six solar terms in winter. They are beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice (冬至), lesser cold (小寒) and greater cold. Beginning of winter usually falls on November 7th or 8th. On this day, after a year of hard work, people are happy to have a rest and spend time with the family. The northern China celebrates beginning of winter as the "Small Spring Festival". People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day. Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th. When winter solstice comes, it brings the shortest days of the year and the longest nights. Many places around the country can expect the coldest weather. Greater cold comes after lesser cold. The field is covered with snow. And all Chinese are ready to welcome the Spring Festival after it. Of course, a new round of solar terms will start. 33．How many solar terms are there in winter? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. 34．What do people in the northern China usually have on beginning of winter? A．Dumplings and mutton soup. B．Noodles and fish. C．Rice and chicken. 35．When does heavy snow usually fall? A．On November 22nd or 23rd. B．On December 1st or 2nd. C．On December 7th or 8th. 36．What is the passage mainly about? A．Beginning of winter. B．The solar terms in winter. C．Greater cold. （2023·株洲）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 There were actors performing Qinqiang Opera at the Tang Paradise on February 5th, 2023. Tang Paradise, located in the south of Xi'an, is a large cultural theme park showing the lifestyle of the Tang Dynasty. Qinqiang Opera, which came from the ancient folk songs and dances of the people in Shaanxi and Gansu province, is one of the longest-live forms of opera in China. According to historical records, the local opera dates all the way back to the Qin Dynasty (221BC-207BC). Qinqiang Opera is a reflection of ancient Chinese people's daily life and feelings. However, the development of pop and Western music influenced Qinqiang Opera deep in the 1990s. During this difficult time, many Qinqiang Opera actors had no choice but to leave the opera stage where they performed. They then took on several jobs to make a living, including working as businessmen, running clothing shops and acting in small film roles. Qinqiang Opera was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2006. It has a great influence on the development of Qinqiang Opera. About ten years ago, the audiences were mostly old people. Now lots of young audiences pour in and Qinqiang Opera performances are warmly welcomed. The member of young performers has increased as well. The revival of Qinqiang Opera was not only attracted more young actors and audiences but also reflected the country's cultural development. 37．Which of the following is TRUE about the Tang Paradise? A．It's in the north of Xi'an B．It's a large cultural theme park. C．It shows the lifestyle of the Qin Dynasty. 38．Qinqiang Opera came from ____. A．the ancient folk songs and dances B．pop music and Western music C．country music and dances 39．Qinqiang Opera was deeply influenced by the development of pop and Western music ____. A．in the 1970s B．in the 1980s C．in the 1990s 40．Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Qinqiang Opera? A．Qinqiang Opera is one of the longest-live forms of opera in China. B．Qinqaing Opera was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2023. C．Now Qinqiang Opera performances are welcomed by lots of young audiences. 41．The passage mainly talks about ____. A．the Tang Paradise B．Qinqiang Opera C．pop and Western music （2023·张家界）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 In our lives we can see more and more robots in different places. They are helpful and do lots of things. They can not only work indoors, but also outdoors. They can even do tasks that nobody wants to do. One special robot can help in fast food restaurants. At first, the robot only made burgers. But workers thought it could do more. Now, the robot can make many kinds of food like french fries and fried onions. It works faster than people because it can do more tasks at the same time. So it saves a lot of time and work. Also, the robot knows exactly when the food is ready. Workers are happy that they don't have to do them, especially at night. Another special robot can even do tasks that are difficult or dangerous. It is so big that it can carry things of up to 40 kilograms and can reach as high as ten meters, too. It helps workers fix railway lines (维修铁路线路). That's because electricity can make some workers in danger and even fall sometimes. The robot can help them solve these problems and makes their lives much safer. These unusual robots seem to be doing good jobs, but they still need help from people. People control robots with a computer or a remote control (遥控器) and a VR headset (虚拟现实头盔). Scientists say robots can help in more places and play a more important part in the near future. 42．Where does the special robot work indoors? A．In the museum. B．At the bus station. C．In fast food restaurants. 43．What food can the special robot make at first? A．Burgers. B．French fries. C．Fried onions. 44．What can make workers in danger when they fix railway lines? A．Earthquake. B．Electricity. C．Rainstorm. 45．We can infer (推断) that ____ from the 4th paragraph. A．There will be fewer robots in our homes to do good jobs. B．These special robots can't work without people's help. C．There are four ways to order the robots to do all things. 46．What's the best title of the passage? A．The Fastest Robots B．The Biggest Robots C．The Unusual Robots （2023·衡阳）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Motuo lies in the south of the Himalayas in Tibet. It is known as the "Natural Museum of Tibet". It is home to all kinds of mountains, rivers, waterfalls, plants and animals its special geographic location (地理位置) makes it a beautiful place. It was one of the hardest places to reach and was the last city in China without a highway. The construction (施工) of the first highway to Motuo started in the 1960s. However, it was no completed until over 50 years later. In 2014, the construction of its second highway-the Paimo Highway started. In October 2022, the construction of the main body of the highway was completed. They are great engineering projects. In this area, earthquakes and heavy rains happened very often. There could be falling rocks or even landslides (滑坡). People must build many walls and nets to protect the two highways. Another challenge was the snow. Plenty of snow sometimes destroyed rocks and roads. As a result, the construction of the highways to Motuo was stopped several times. To solve this problem, people built a tunnel (隧道) that goes through the mountain area. The two highways stand for the Chinese spirit of "never giving up". They are ways to connect Motuo to the outside world and show how China cares about people in the far areas. 47．Where is Motuo? A．It's in the south of the Himalayas. B．It's in the north of the Himalayas. C．It's in the east of the Himalayas. 48．When did the construction of the first highway to Motuo start? A．In the 1980s. B．In the 1970s. C．In the 1960s. 49．How must people deal with the falling rocks or even landslides according to the passage? A．People must build a tunnel. B．People must build a bridge. C．People must build many walls and nets. 50．What do the two highways to Motuo stand for? A．The Chinese spirit of "being hard-working" B．The Chinese spirit of "never giving up" C．The Chinese spirit of "being honest". 51．What's the main idea of the article? A．To introduce the two highways to Motuo. B．To explain the importance of Motuo. C．To show the beauty of Motuo. （2023·株洲）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Take care of your plants! They may "shout " if you treat them badly. Plants can make sounds when they are stressed, according to a recent study. "Plants use sound to communicate with animals all the time, so it would be very inconvenient for plants not to use sound at all. " Lilach Hadany, co-author (合著者) of the study, told Science Focus. With this in mind, the research team started by recording plants' sounds. They put sweet-pepper and tomato plants in soundproof boxes to shut off the noise in the environment. Several ultrasonic microphones (超声波麦克风) were then put near the plants, which can record between 20 and 250 kilohertz (千赫兹). A human adult's ear can hear about 16 kilohertz. There were three groups of plants: One group wasn't watered for five days, another group had some parts cut off and the last group was untouched. The microphones caught sounds from 40 to 80 kilohertz from the first two groups. The sound, which was similar to the noise of popcorn popping grew louder and louder during the five days of water stress. They then began to become weaker and weaker as the plants dried out. A stressed plan produced the popping sound around 30 to 50 times per hour, while the untouched group only produced around once per hour, according to the study. 52．Plants use ____ to communicate with animals all the time according to the study. A．sound B．smell C．light 53．What does the underlined word "soundproof" mean? A．发出声音的 B．隔离声音的 C．吸收声音的 54．A human adult's ear can hear about ____. A．16 kilohertz B．20 kilohertz C．250 Kilohertz 55．According to the study, the untouched group of the plants produced the popping sound around ____. A．40 to 80 times per hour B．30 to 60 times per hour C．once per hour 56．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Plants can make sounds. B．How to take care of your plants. C．The team made machine-learning applications. （2023·衡阳） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 The Dolphin 1 is a kind of intelligent water rescue (救援) robot. It is independently developed by Yunzhou Technology, a company from Guangdong Province. The rescue robot became famous for its successful rescue of a boy who was washed away by waves in Weihai, Shandong Province on Aug9. 2022. The Dolphin 1 has many advantages. For example, it has high floatage (漂浮性), and its direction can be controlled. The Dolphin 1 can overturn (翻转) to adjust its position even in dangerous water conditions by itself. It is not hard to be remote-controlled (遥控) with one hand and the person who uses it does not need to have professional training before using it. When one accident happens, only one to two people are required to operate (操作) the robot for rapid rescue. Since it was put into use, the Dolphin I has saved several people's lives in Zhuhai's Wanshan Island and coastal areas of Weihai. It has been put into operation in rescue tasks in Jiangxi and Henan provinces. At present, the intelligent water rescue robot has been widely used in China. And more than 40 countries, including the United States of America. Spain, Italy, and Australia, have introduced the Dolphin 1 for rapid water rescue operations. 57．The underlined word "intelligent" in the first paragraph means "____" in Chinese A．智能的 B．时尚的 C．勤奋的 58．How many people are only required to operate the robot for rapid rescue if an accident happens? A．One to four people. B．One to three people. C．One to two people 59．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．Advantages of the water rescue robot. B．Research of the water rescue robot. C．Opinions on the water rescue robot. 60．Where has the water rescue robot been put into operation in rescue tasks? A．In Hunan and Jiangxi. B．In Jiangxi and Henan. C．In Hunan and Henan. 61．Which part of a newspaper might the passage come from? A．Travel. B．Science. C．Culture. （2023·长沙） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Anyone who has seen The Sound of Music, the Oscar-winning movie, knows the famous city of Salzburg in Austria. The musical movie was filmed in and around the city. To enjoy the amazing (令人惊叹的) city, you only have to walk through the alleys (小巷). The sounds of music in Salzburg are not just from the famous film. Mozart, one of the greatest musicians, was born here, and the city is proud of him. You'll hear Mozart's music all over the city. And you can visit Mozart's birthplace, learn about his childhood and even try the chocolate named for him: a Mozart ball! Don't miss visiting the Salzburg Residenz, which was the rulers' palace in the past. It was here that Mozart performed (表演) for the first time in his life. A visit to Salzburg in December must include time in the Christmas markets, which can be found here and there. Visit the marketplaces for a hot drink. Then enjoy the beautiful handiwork for sale. Salt was so important to the city of Salzburg that the city was named for it. This "white gold" brought wealth to the rulers. You can visit the Hallein Salt Mine (矿), one of the oldest in the world. Take a train ride into the mountain, where miners will explain the mining process (过程). Then enjoy a boat ride across an underground lake. These are just a few of the enjoyable places in this small Austrian city. There are much more waiting for you to explore. Make sure to plan a trip to this breathtaking city. Its history and culture will excite your senses. 62．What do we know about The Sound of Music? A．It was filmed by Mozart. B．It is an Oscar-winning movie. C．It is a movie of Salzburg's chocolate. 63．Where did Mozart perform for the first time in his life? A．In a Christmas market. B．At the Hallein Salt Mine. C．At the Salzburg Residenz. 64．What is the "white gold" in Paragraph 4? A．Salt. B．Music. C．A hot drink. 65．Which of the following does the writer agree with? A．Salzburg is too small to visit. B．Salzburg is a place worth visiting. C．There is nothing interesting in Salzburg. 66．What section (部分) of a magazine is the text taken from? A．Travel. B．Sports. C．Science. （2023·永州）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Have you ever noticed plastic waste everywhere in your community? Dr. Aboubacar Kampo has. He was living in Côte d'Ivoire, a country on the coast of West Africa, where plastic is a big environmental problem, compared with water and air pollution. Côte d'Ivoire's biggest city, Abidjan, produces more than 300 tons of plastic rubbish a day, and only about 5% is recycled. "How can we turn plastic into something useful?" Kampo wondered. So Kampo, who works for UNICEF, the United Nations Children's Fund, googled, researched, and then noticed a company in Colombia, a country in South America. Plastic pollution is a problem there, too. Conceptos Plásticos, the Colombian company that Kampo read about online, recycles plastic waste and turns it into big, Lego-like bricks（砖）for building schools and houses. Next, Kampo went to Colombia to learn about the company in person. He toured schools that were built with its bricks and the factory where the bricks were made. "Conceptos Plásticos gave us a solution." Kampo said. He thought it could help with more than just the plastic problem. It could also improve children's education. According to UNICEF, 1.6 million children in Côte d'Ivoire don't go to school. One reason is that there aren't enough classrooms. For kids who do go to school, classrooms are often very crowded. Kids often sit on the floor and can't stand up because there isn't room to move around. In 2018 UNICEF built its first classrooms in Abidjan, using bricks produced in Colombia by Conceptos Plásticos. Right away, the local education improved a lot. People couldn't believe it at the beginning, that the classrooms were made of plastic. But now all the parents want their children in these classrooms. By the end of 2021 UNICEF had built 528 classrooms in Côte d'Ivoire. The new Conceptos Plásticos factory in Abidjan will soon be producing bricks from rubbish collected in children's playgrounds and on the beach. The environmental influence is huge. Kampo says it takes about five and a half tons of plastic and just a few weeks to build a classroom. Unlike traditional building, no cement（水泥）is needed. "It's just a hammer（锤子）and those bricks." he added. 67．What is the main problem Côte d'Ivoire faces? A．Plastic pollution. B．Water pollution. C．Air pollution. 68．What can we learn about Conceptos Plásticos? A．It's a company in West Africa. B．It recycles plastic waste online. C．It offers bricks for building the classrooms in Abidjan. 69．Which of the following best describes the parents about their kids' future in Paragraph 5? A．Doubtful. B．Excited. C．Surprised. 70．How many tons of plastic are needed to build a classroom? A．About 5.5 tons. B．Only about 15 tons. C．More than 300 tons. 71．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Building Green B． An introduction to Kampo C．Côte d'Ivoire's Environmental Problem （2023·长沙） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 It is commonly believed that children are too young to fully appreciate (欣赏) the experience and knowledge of their elders, while many think that old people don't understand the young. But actually (事实上), both groups have a lot to learn from each other. James Smith runs the Smith's Care Home in my city. It is mainly an organization (机构) for serving the elderly. But not all of its visitors are old people. The home also includes a childcare center for pre-school kids. There is a playground in the care home, where the elderly can play with the kids. In this way, they can learn more about each other, and respect (尊重) and understand one another. I suppose this is quite an interesting idea. For one thing, we live in a world where there are more and more old people. The world is facing this problem and its population ages. It will be important for young people to be able to understand and care for the elderly in the coming years. Regretfully, my own grandparents weren't around when I was little, as they had already passed away. I never got to learn what the world was like through their eyes, or what kinds of problems they might have faced when they were my age. To me, their lives will always be a mystery — hard to understand or explain. However, I think I can still learn from other people of older generations (辈). I might find some of their ideas out of date, and they might believe that my generation's way of thinking is strange or incorrect. But we can still learn from each other anyway. 72．What is special about the Smith's Care Home? A．It is only a childcare center actually. B．The elderly look after kids carefully there. C．It accepts both the elderly and pre-school kids. 73．In the writer's opinion (观点),what problem is the world facing? A．There are more and more old people. B．The world's population is dropping rapidly. C．The world is short of care homes for old people. 74．What does the underlined word "mystery" mean in Paragraph 4? A．笑话 B．悲剧 C．谜团 75．How does the writer develop his/her idea in this text? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By raising questions. 76．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain why the world's population ages. B．To encourage different generations to learn from each other. C．To show that older generations' ways of thinking are incorrect. （2023·永州） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Do Kids Need Homework? School is a big part of life, not just for kids but for their families. There are many reports and discussions about what's best for students. Everyone has their own opinions. And they don't always agree. Do kids need homework? It depends. Some readers from a famous magazine, think that the extra（额外的）work reviews what they have learnt in class. And it also helps teachers find where students need more help. Others say homework adds to students' stress and takes time away from exercise or learning something new. In order to know what kind of homework kids should do and how much kids need, the magazine interviewed several kids. Karen, 9 Kids need homework. When they learn something new in school, reviewing it at home helps them remember it. Our homework gives our teachers valuable information. It tells them how much students are paying attention in class and who needs extra help. Michael, 9 In my opinion, giving students homework is a bad idea. After school kids need experiences that build a healthy mind and body. Homework is not supposed to stress kids out. When there is too much homework, students do poorly in homework. In fact, doing homework poorly is worse than doing no homework. As long as students are working hard in class, it's best not to give them extra work. Robert, 8 Kids need homework. But that depends. Middle and high school students can do more homework. At my school, primary students get homework, but not too much. My teacher might ask us to learn spelling words at home, and each week we'll be given a test. Susan, 11 Kids don't need homework. They're learning for six hours a day at school. Adding another hour of work for kids to do at home is just having them repeat what they've been doing all day. Besides, homework takes time away from activities like team sports. These are just as important as schoolwork, because they keep kids active. 77．What did the magazine do about homework? A．It had a discussion. B．It did a report. C．It made an interview. 78．Who supports the idea of giving students homework? A．Karen. B．Michael. C．Susan. 79．What will happen when homework is too much according to Paragraph 4? A．Students will do no homework. B．Students will do homework poorly. C．Students will build a healthy mind and body. 80．What is Robert's opinion about homework? A．Primary students don't need to do homework. B．High school students can do more homework. C．Homework just repeats what is learned in class. 81．What does "These" refer to（指代）in the last paragrapgh? A．Kids. B．Subjects. C．Activities like team sports. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 说明文&议论文阅读 （2025·湖南）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 What are insects (昆虫) like in your eyes? Have you ever noticed them? Insects are very interesting animals. They may be small, but they are smart and hard-working. Scientists have studied different kinds of insects very closely. According to their studies, even the smallest insects have tools to help do their work. Have you ever seen a little fly called a sawfly? It gets such a name because it has a s aw (锯子) that is used on plants to create a safe space for its eggs. After laying its eggs, the sawfly makes some glue. The glue fixes the eggs to where they are laid. Another insect that has its own natural tool is the poppy bee (蜂). The bees live in wood. Like people who make things out of wood, poppy bees use special tools to dig nests (巢穴) out of wood. They dig and clean out the nest to make it ready for use. When all is ready, poppy bees cat out pieces of leaves in the shape of a nest. They then join the pieces together and put them into the nest. Ants are also known for their clever use of natural tools. For example, they drop pieces of leaves into water so that they take in the water. Then the ants carry them back to their nests. There are more insects than any other living things in the world. Every insect is special. The more you notice them, the more they will surprise you. 1. How does the writer start the topic? A. By asking questions. B. By listing numbers. C. By making comparisons. 2. What can we know about poppy bees from paragraph 3? A. They clean their nests with big leaves. B. They pot pieces of leaves around nests. C. They dig nests before cutting out leaves. 3. Which of the following use leaves to take in water according to the text? A. Sawflies. B. Poppy bees. C. Ants. 4. What can be the best title for the text? A. Insects and Tools B. Animals and Eggs C. Plants and Leaves 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. A 【导语】本文主要介绍了昆虫如何使用工具，如锯蝇的锯子、罂粟蜂的挖巢工具以及蚂蚁利用树叶吸水等。 1. 细节理解题。根据“What are insects (昆虫) like in your eyes? Have you ever noticed them?”可知，作者是通过提问的方式引入话题。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Like people who make things out of wood, poppy bees use special tools to dig nests (巢穴) out of wood. They dig and clean out the nest to make it ready for use. When all is ready, poppy bees cut out pieces of leaves in the shape of a nest.”可知，罂粟蜂在挖好巢穴后才开始切割树叶。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“For example, they drop pieces of leaves into water so that they take in the water. Then the ants carry them back to their nests.”可知，蚂蚁利用树叶吸水。故选C。 4. 最佳标题题。全文主要介绍了昆虫如何使用工具，如锯蝇的锯子、罂粟蜂的挖巢工具以及蚂蚁利用树叶吸水等。因此最佳标题应为“昆虫与工具”。故选A。 （2025长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 One morning, I stopped at my favorite restaurant to get something to eat and got comfortable at a small table. Shortly after, I noticed four young people sitting at a table near me. After simply greeting each other and ordering, they all looked at their phones and continued to do so until their orders arrived. After photographing their food, they ate, continuing to look at their phones. I was wondering why they came here to eat together. They were phubbing, or phone snubbing (冷落), a very common problem these days. You may not know the word “phubbing”, but this kind of act is not strange to you. In fact, 32% of people report that they are phubbed two or three times a day. Do you have a conversation on your phone while talking to another person face to face? Do you scroll (上下滑动) through your phone while eating with someone for fear of missing out? If your answer is yes to either of them, you might be a “phubber”. The writer of The Psychology of Phubbing did a survey and found that the influence of phubbing on relationships can be very harmful or destructive. For example, children felt that parents who phubbed them didn’t care about them. This led to a feeling of being left out. Also, partners who were phubbed might be less satisfied with the relationship because of jealousy (嫉妒) and worries. Phubbing is a learned act, so unlearning it is possible. Start by accepting the problem. Set a time limit (限制) for not using your phone. Create areas where phones are off-limits. Don’t let the modern technology which is designed (设计) to bring people together separate you from others. 5. What did the four young people keep doing before their orders arrived? A. Greeting each other. B. Looking at their phones. C. Photographing their food. 6. How does the writer introduce the word “phubber” in Paragraph 3? A. By raising questions. B. By listing numbers. C. By giving reasons. 7. What does the underlined word “destructive” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. 微乎其微的 B. 积极正向的 C. 有破坏性的 8. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To warn people against phubbing. B. To show how phones bring people closer. C. To present the advantages of modern technology. 【答案】5. B 6. A 7. C 8. A 【解析】【导语】本文介绍了低头族现象和“phubbing”这个词的来源，并倡导人们减少使用手机的时间去做其他有意义的事情。 5. 细节理解题。根据“After simply greeting each other and ordering, they all looked at their phones and continued to do so until their orders arrived.”可知，几个人一直在盯着手机看，故选B。 6. 细节理解题。根据“Do you have a conversation on your phone while talking to another person face to face? Do you scroll (上下滑动) through your phone while eating with someone for fear of missing out?”可知，作者在第三段通过提出问题介绍“phubber”这个词。故选A。 7. 词句猜测题。根据“...found that the influence of phubbing on relationships can be very harmful or destructive”可知，此处destructive与“harmful”语意相近，故选C。 8. 主旨大意题。本文介绍了低头族现象和“phubbing”这个词的来源，并倡导人们减少使用手机的时间去做其他有意义的事情。故选A。 （2025长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 I used to teach English as a volunteer in Africa. Some of my friends asked me, “Don’t you miss your home, Emily?” I told them I was the only child in my family and I truly had an easy life at home. However, I got bored of having a “good” time at home and needed a change. The kids from Africa were eager (渴望的) to learn and easy to teach. I was surprised at how smart they were. Talking with them made me think a lot. When you come from a poor area, you must grow up fast and deal with all kinds of difficult situations. Volunteering has always been easy for me because I don’t like to do the same things every day. My job also gives me the freedom to choose when and where I work. Although I don’t get paid for volunteering, I’m old enough to know that money is not the only way to get rewarded (回报). The experience itself is priceless. I make lots of connections with good people. Also, when I volunteer, I often work with people who are worse off than I am. That has taught me to practice thankfulness for what I have. Believe me, this life lesson is worth a million dollars. I am not a perfect person. In a sense, I think I’m selfish (自私的). But you don’t have to be a perfect, selfless person to volunteer. In fact, I have benefited (受益) a lot from volunteering. Volunteering helps others, and it can also help yourself, too. The biggest benefit of volunteering is that it helps you develop your character (品质), and that’s the passport to a rich and meaningful life. 9. Why did Emily volunteer in Africa? A. She lived a really difficult life at home. B. She hoped to learn a new language there. C. She wanted to experience something new. 10. How were the African kids in Emily’s eyes in Paragraph 2? A. Quite teachable. B. Hard to deal with. C. Bored of learning. 11. What does Emily get from her volunteering experience? A. The freedom to choose a well-paid job. B. The chance to connect with good people a lot. C. The ability to express thanks for what she has lost. 12. Which of the following would Emily most probably agree with? A. Use it or lose it. B. Old habits die hard. C. Giving is receiving. 【答案】9. C 10. A 11. B 12. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了Emily作为一名志愿者在非洲教授英语的经历。 9．细节理解题。根据“However, I got bored of having a ‘good’ time at home and needed a change.”可知Emily在非洲做志愿者是因为她厌倦了在家里的“美好”时光，需要一些改变，即她想体验一些新的事物。故选C。 10. 细节理解题。根据“The kids from Africa were eager (渴望的) to learn and easy to teach”可知在Emily眼中，非洲的孩子们渴望学习，很容易教。故选A。 11. 细节理解题。根据“I make lots of connections with good people.”可知Emily从她的志愿者经历中得到了很多与好人建立联系的机会。故选B。 12. 推理判断题。根据“Volunteering helps others, and it can also help yourself, too”可知Emily认为做志愿者既能帮助别人，也能帮助自己，即付出就是收获。故选C。 （2024·湖南） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Headphones are helpful. Many kids use them. But headphones can be harmful, too. They can cause hearing loss if the value（音量）is too loud. Studies show that one out of every ten kids in the United States has some hearing loss. The cause is loud noise. Do you know how we hear? There are cells（细胞）inside the ears that help us hear. We can't see them with our eyes. "We call them hair cell," Jackie Clark said. "They look like hairs standing up." Clark is a scientist at the University of Texas. She studies noises and ears. Sound cannot be seen, but il can make the hair cells move back and forward. Think of the wind in the leaves. Loud noises can damage（损伤）these cells. And once the cells are damaged，they don't grow back. Sometimes, there's tinnitus. "It's like someone is playing a note on the flute（长笛）for a long time." Clark says. It shows we're losing hearing. Tinnitus is not only harmful to our ears, also it can make us feel uneasy. That's why it's necessary to protect our ears. How can we protect our ears? We'd better keep the volume low when we use our headphones. We should be able to hear sounds around us. And other people shouldn't hear noise from our headphones. "If I can hear what you're listening to when you're wearing your headphones," Clark says, "It's too loud." To protect our ears, keep our headphones at about half volume. 13．What can we know about hair cells? A．They help us hear. B．They look like hairs lying down. C．They can be seen clearly with our eyes. 14．What does the underlined word "tinnitus" mean in paragraph 3 A．A musical voice. B．A kind of instrument. C．Ringing in ears. 15．What's the main purpose of the last paragraph? A．To give advice. B．To show problems. C．To explain reasons. 16．What's the main idea of the passage? A．Before listening to music, choose a good headphone. B．When using a headphone, keep the volume low. C．After using a headphone, check your cars. 【答案】13．A 14．C 15．A 16．B 【知识点】说明文；细节理解；推理判断；文章大意 【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要说明当我们使用耳机时，要将音量调低以保护耳朵。 13．细节理解题。根据原文Do you know how we hear? There are cells（细胞）inside the ears that help us hear，…We can't see them with our eyes. "We call them hair cell"，你知道我们是如何听到声音的吗？耳朵里有细胞帮助我们听到声音……我们无法用眼睛看到它们。"我们称它们为毛细胞"，可知"毛细胞"是帮助我们听到声音的一种细胞，答案是They help us hear。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据原文"It's like someone is playing a note on the flute（长笛）for a long time."就像有人在笛子上长时间吹奏一个音符一样，以及"It shows we're losing hearing"这表明我们正在丧失听力，可知这是对前一句"Sometimes，there's tinnitus."的解释。所以的意思是"耳鸣"。答案是tinnitus。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据原文"How can we protect our ears？We'd better keep the volume low when we use our headphones.…"我们如何保护我们的耳朵？使用耳机时最好将音量调低，可知对"如何保护我们的耳朵"提出建议，答案是To give advice..故选A。 16．主旨大意题。根据第一段"Headphones are helpful…But headphones can be harmful，too"耳机很有用……但耳机也可能有害；第三段"Loud noises can damage（损伤）these cells"巨大的噪音会损害这些细胞；第四段"We'd better keep the volume low when we use our headphones."使用耳机时最好把音量调低，可知文章通过举例主要说明当我们使用耳机时，要将音量调低以保护耳朵。故选B。 （2024·湖南） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Would you be able to sleep with one eye open? Bottlenose dolphins（宽吻海豚）can. When they sleep, only half of their brain goes to sleep. They sleep with one eye open to stay safe. Half of their brain sleeps for about two hours before the other half of their brain gets a Chance to sleep. Sometimes, the dolphins will keep swimming while they are sleeping. Dolphins are not fish-they are mammals（哺乳动物）.These mammals have lungs（肺）.And they don't have gull（腮） like fish. They are also warm-blooded and have to go to the surface of the water lo get air into their lungs. Dolphins don't lay eggs Their young are born alive, and they drink milk from their mothers. Dolphins are one of the smartest animals in the world. There are many stories about how they save people out of water. They are able to solve many problems like humans. They can even use tools to catch fish. But their cleverness doesn't end there. Dolphins can also pass on anything they learn to other dolphins, like interesting fishing skills. They communicate with each other in many ways. They use different sounds to talk to each other. Dolphins know the "voices" of other dolphins and even know exactly who is making which sound. Another thing that shows their cleverness is that they can also know themselves in a mirror（镜子）and check different parts of their body in it. 17．Why do bottlenose dolphins sleep with one eye open? A．To stay safe. B．To sleep for two hours. C．To swim faster. 18．What can we learn about dolphins from paragraph 2? A．They use gills to get air. B．They are warm-blooded. C．They lay eggs like fish. 19．How do dolphins talk to each other? A．By learning fishing skills. B．By using different sounds. C．By checking their bodies. 20．Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from? A．Art. B．Health. C．Nature. 【答案】17．A 18．B 19．B 20．C 【知识点】说明文；常见的动物及其生活环境；动物养殖；细节理解；推理判断 【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍介绍了海豚的生活习性。 17．细节理解题。根据原文"When they sleep，only half of their brain goes to sleep. They sleep with one eye open to stay safe."当他们睡觉时，只有一半的大脑处于睡眠状态。他们睡觉时会睁着一只眼睛以保证安全，可知海豚睁着一只眼睛睡觉时为了保证安全。故选A。 18．细节理解题。根据原文"They are also warm-blooded"它们也是温血动物，可知海豚是温血动物。答案是They are warm-blooded。故选B。 19．细节理解题。根据原文"They communicate with each other in many ways. They use different sounds to talk to each other. Dolphins know the "voices" of other dolphins and even know exactly who is making which sound."它们用多种方式相互交流。它们用不同的声音相互交谈。海豚知道其他海豚的"声音"，甚至知道谁在发出哪种声音"，可知海豚用不同的声音相互交谈。答案是By using different sounds。故选B。 20．推理判断题。通读全文可知这是一篇说明文，介绍了海豚的生活习性，所以文章可能出自自然杂志。故选C。 （2024·长沙） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 The Four Seasons, written by the Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi, was first played about 300 years ago. Since then, it has enjoyed worldwide popularity. The great musical work includes four parts: "Spring", "Summer", "Autumn" and ‘‘Winter". Each part brings to mind the season it is meant to describe. "Summer", for example, begins slowly. Listeners can easily picture a hot, lazy summer day when nobody wants to move. When you listen to "Autumn", a harvest (收获) celebration will readily come to mind. But now, Hache Costa, a music director in Spain, has decided to give the old work a fresh feel. He says the climate (气候) today is very different from what it was in the 1700s. The Four Seasons would be "a lot dirtier" if it were written now. Costa has "updated" the musical work to make it match the realities of the modern world. The ‘"updated" musical work has been played in Madrid, Spain. The performance takes place in front of a screen. As the musicians play, a video shows the effects (影响) of climate change, such as forest fires and unusually dry weather. After enjoying it, people find the new "Summer" now sounds noisier and more powerful. Because of global warming (全球变暖), the other three seasons have become shorter. Costa says he expects people to feel "really sad" after listening to the new Four Seasons. "I really want more people to become truly aware of (意识到) what is happening to our planet," says Costa. "And I believe Vivaldi would not be angry with my changes." 21．What do we know about The Four Seasons? A．It is still unpopular now. B．It was written by Hache Costa. C．It was first played about 300 years ago. 22．What will come to mind when we listen to the old "Autumn" according to the passage? A．Forest fires and dry weather. B．A harvest celebration. C．A hot lazy day. 23．Which is close to the underlined word "updated" in meaning in Paragraph 4? A．提上日程 B．追根溯源 C．赋予新意 24．Why did Hache Costa give the old work a fresh feel? A．To call on more people to love music. B．To raise public awareness of climate change. C．To present the story of Antonio Vivaldi's colorful life. 【答案】21．C 22．B 23．C 24．B 【知识点】说明文；音乐作品赏析与文化价值；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测 【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍意大利音乐家创作了《四季》，现在西班牙音乐总监哈奇·科斯塔决定给这部老作品赋予一种新鲜感，他希望更多的人真正意识到气候变化的影响。 【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段The Four Seasons, written by the Italian musician Antonio Vivaldi, was first played about 300 years ago可知，意大利音乐家安东尼奥·维瓦尔第创作的《四季》首次演奏是在大约300年前，故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据第二段When you listen to "Autumn", a harvest (收获) celebration will readily come to mind.可知，当你听到"秋天"时，你会很容易想到丰收的庆祝，故选B。 23．词义猜测题。根据第四段Costa has "updated" the musical work to make it match the realities of the modern world.可知，Costa重新创作了这部音乐作品，使其符合现代世界的现实， 这是给这部音乐作品"赋予新意"，故选C。 24．推理判断题。根据第五段Because of global warming (全球变暖), the other three seasons have become shorter. Costa says he expects people to feel "really sad" after listening to the new Four Seasons.和第六段l really want more people to become truly aware of (意识到) what is happening to our planet.可知，由于全球变暖，其他三个季节变短了。Costa说，他预计人们在听了新的《四季》之后会感到"非常难过"。作者希望更多的人真正意识到我们的星球正在发生什么。由此可知，Costa给老作品带来新鲜感是为了提高公众对气候变化的认识，故选B。 （2024·长沙）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 What should you do when you can't find the time to do a long workout? Have you heard of exercise snacks (零食式锻炼)? Exercise snacks are a popular and inventive new way for people to stay fit. Instead of spending hours on the playground, people break that "large meal" into exercise "snacks". These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes. Then you can have a rest for 30 minutes to four hours before another snack. It is reported that exercise snacks can be as useful as traditional exercise methods. Just three exercise snacks a day can benefit (使受益) your physical health. Besides that, there are lots of other benefits. Your concentration (专注力) and creativity get better, and you can become more productive. Also, "snacking" throughout the day stops you from sitting too long. There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, like doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs (楼梯). But for those who don't know where to start, here are some helpful exercise choices: Exercises such as lifting weights will satisfy the needs. Since most people don't keep weights at their offices, lift full water bottles. Squats (深蹲) — moving your body as if to sit down while keeping your back straight. Five to ten of these should make a good snack. For those who don't like traditional exercises, simply turn up the music. Pick a lively song and start dancing. It'll make for a fun workout. What are you waiting for? Let's get moving. Your body will thank you for it! 25．How long can an exercise snack last according to the passage? A．20 seconds to two minutes. B．30 minutes to four hours. C．Five to ten minutes. 26．Which is an acceptable exercise snack mentioned in the passage? A．Doing math exercises. B．Eating snacks. C．Doing sit-ups. 27．What is the writer's attitude (态度) to exercise snacks? A．Doubtful. B．Unclear. C．Supportive. 28．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To change traditional eating habits. B．To introduce an inventive new way to stay fit. C．To encourage people to do long-time outdoor exercise. 【答案】25．A 26．C 27．C 28．B 【知识点】说明文；健康与健身；细节理解；推理判断 【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了零食式锻炼。 25．细节理解题。根据第二段中people break that "large meal" into exercise "snacks". These exercises can last anywhere from 20 seconds to two minutes.可知零食式锻炼可持续20秒至2分钟，故选A。 26．细节理解题。根据第四段中There are so many acceptable exercise snacks, like doing sit-ups, jumping rope or running up and down some stairs.可知，做仰卧起坐是文中提到的一种可接受的零食式锻炼，故选C。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段What are you waiting for? Let's get moving. Your body will thank for it!可知，作者呼吁大家行动起来，他认为零食式锻炼对身体有好处，故选C。 28．写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的Exercise snacks are a popular and inventive new way for people to stay fit.和最后一段中的Your body will thank for it!可知，本文主要介绍了一种让人们保持健康的新方式——零食式锻炼，故选B。 （2023·怀化）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 ChatGPT is a smart AI chatbot(聊天机器人) tool. It is developed by US company OpenAI. It is very popular all over the world. It is reported that over 89 percent of students have used ChatGPT to help with their homework. You can ask it to write stories and emails, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions. Some schools in the US, Australia and France don't use ChatGPT. They are afraid that ChatGPT could make it easier for students to cheat (作弊) on homework. Some people also worry that ChatGPT could be used to give wrong information. However, not all schools say "no" to ChatGPT. Some Canadian schools are making decisions on its use for both students and teachers. They will not stop the use of ChatGPT. Bhaskar Vira, a teacher at the school in Cambridge, said that not using ChatGPT is not clever. "We have to know that people will get used to an AI tool in our learning, teaching and examinations," he told a school newspaper. 29．ChatGPT is a ____ AI chatbot tool. A．strange B．useless C．smart 30．What can ChatGPT do? A．Fly kites. B．Cook food. C．Write stories. 31．Which of the following is TRUE? A．ChatGPT was developed by Canada. B．ChatGPT can help with homework. C．All schools in France use ChatGPT. 32．What's the best title of the passage? A．ChatGPT B．A Useless Tool C．The History of AI 【答案】29．C 30．C 31．B 32．A 【知识点】社会现象类；说明文；细节理解；标题选择；人工智能（AI） 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了ChatGPT的好处以及不利之处。 29．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"ChatGPT is a smart AI chatbot(聊天机器人) tool."可知，ChatGPT是一款智能AI聊天机器人工具，故选C。 30．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"It is reported that over 89 percent of students have used ChatGPT to help with their homework. You can ask it to write stories and emails, translate languages, and answer all kinds of questions.据报道，超过89%的学生使用过ChatGPT帮助他们完成家庭作业。你可以让它写故事和电子邮件，翻译语言，并回答各种问题。"可知ChatGPT可以写故事，故选C。 31．细节理解题。根据文章第二段句子"They are afraid that ChatGPT could make it easier for students to cheat (作弊) on homework"可知，它可以帮助学生们做作业，故选B。 32．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了ChatGPT的好处以及不利之处，故选A。 （2023·怀化） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 In China, there are 24 solar terms (节气) in a year. And there are six solar terms in winter. They are beginning of winter, light snow, heavy snow, winter solstice (冬至), lesser cold (小寒) and greater cold. Beginning of winter usually falls on November 7th or 8th. On this day, after a year of hard work, people are happy to have a rest and spend time with the family. The northern China celebrates beginning of winter as the "Small Spring Festival". People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day. Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or 8th. When winter solstice comes, it brings the shortest days of the year and the longest nights. Many places around the country can expect the coldest weather. Greater cold comes after lesser cold. The field is covered with snow. And all Chinese are ready to welcome the Spring Festival after it. Of course, a new round of solar terms will start. 33．How many solar terms are there in winter? A．Five. B．Six. C．Seven. 34．What do people in the northern China usually have on beginning of winter? A．Dumplings and mutton soup. B．Noodles and fish. C．Rice and chicken. 35．When does heavy snow usually fall? A．On November 22nd or 23rd. B．On December 1st or 2nd. C．On December 7th or 8th. 36．What is the passage mainly about? A．Beginning of winter. B．The solar terms in winter. C．Greater cold. 【答案】33．B 34．A 35．C 36．B 【知识点】人文地理类；说明文；中国传统文化与礼仪习俗；细节理解 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了冬季的6个节气。 33．细节理解题。根据文章第一段句子"And there are six solar terms in winter."可知，冬天有六个节气，故选B。 34．细节理解题。根据文章第二段句子"The northern China celebrates beginning of winter as the 'Small Spring Festival People usually have dumplings and mutton soup on that day."可知，在中国北方，人们通常在这一天吃饺子和羊肉汤来庆祝立冬。故选A。 35．细节理解题。根据文章第三段句子"Light snow usually falls on November 22nd or 23rd and heavy snow usually falls on December 7th or8th."可知，小雪通常在11月22日或23日，大雪通常在12月7日或8日。故选C。 36．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段句子"And there are six solar terms in winter. They are beginning of winter, light snow heavy snow, winter solstice(冬至), lesser cold (小寒) and greater cold"可知，本文主要介绍了冬季的6个节气，故选B。 （2023·株洲）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 There were actors performing Qinqiang Opera at the Tang Paradise on February 5th, 2023. Tang Paradise, located in the south of Xi'an, is a large cultural theme park showing the lifestyle of the Tang Dynasty. Qinqiang Opera, which came from the ancient folk songs and dances of the people in Shaanxi and Gansu province, is one of the longest-live forms of opera in China. According to historical records, the local opera dates all the way back to the Qin Dynasty (221BC-207BC). Qinqiang Opera is a reflection of ancient Chinese people's daily life and feelings. However, the development of pop and Western music influenced Qinqiang Opera deep in the 1990s. During this difficult time, many Qinqiang Opera actors had no choice but to leave the opera stage where they performed. They then took on several jobs to make a living, including working as businessmen, running clothing shops and acting in small film roles. Qinqiang Opera was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2006. It has a great influence on the development of Qinqiang Opera. About ten years ago, the audiences were mostly old people. Now lots of young audiences pour in and Qinqiang Opera performances are warmly welcomed. The member of young performers has increased as well. The revival of Qinqiang Opera was not only attracted more young actors and audiences but also reflected the country's cultural development. 37．Which of the following is TRUE about the Tang Paradise? A．It's in the north of Xi'an B．It's a large cultural theme park. C．It shows the lifestyle of the Qin Dynasty. 38．Qinqiang Opera came from ____. A．the ancient folk songs and dances B．pop music and Western music C．country music and dances 39．Qinqiang Opera was deeply influenced by the development of pop and Western music ____. A．in the 1970s B．in the 1980s C．in the 1990s 40．Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Qinqiang Opera? A．Qinqiang Opera is one of the longest-live forms of opera in China. B．Qinqaing Opera was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2023. C．Now Qinqiang Opera performances are welcomed by lots of young audiences. 41．The passage mainly talks about ____. A．the Tang Paradise B．Qinqiang Opera C．pop and Western music 【答案】37．B 38．A 39．C 40．B 41．B 【知识点】社会文化类；说明文；细节理解 【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了秦腔的历史以及发展。 37．细节理解题。根据第一段Tang Paradise, located in the south of Xi'an, is a large cultural theme park showing the lifestyle of the Tang Dynasty. (唐乐园位于西安市南部，是一座展示唐代生活方式的大型文化主题公园。）可知唐乐园是一座展示唐代生活方式的大型文化主题公园，故选B。 38．细节理解题。根据第一段Qinqiang Opera, which came from the ancient folk songs and dances of the people in Shaanxi and Gansu province, is one of the longest-live forms of opera in China. (秦腔源于陕西和甘肃人民古老的民间歌舞，是中国历史最悠久的戏曲形式之一。)可知秦腔来源于古老的民间歌舞，故选A。 39．细节理解题。根据第二段However, the development of pop and Western music influenced Qinqiang Opera deep in the 1990s.(然而，20世纪90年代，流行音乐和西方音乐的发展对秦腔产生了深远的影响。)可知秦腔深受九十年代流行音乐和西方音乐发展的影响，故选C。 40．细节理解题。根据第三段Qinqiang Opera was listed as a national-level intangible cultural heritage in 2006.(2006年，秦腔被列为国家级非物质文化遗产。)可知，选项B的描述"2023年，秦腔被列为国家级非物质文化遗产"，是错误的，故选B。 41．主旨大意题。根据最后一段The revival of Qinqiang Opera was not only attracted more young actors and audiences but also reflected the country's cultural development.(秦腔的复兴不仅吸引了更多的年轻演员和观众，也反映了国家文化的发展。)结合下文，可知本文主要介绍了秦腔的历史与发展，故选B。 （2023·张家界）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 In our lives we can see more and more robots in different places. They are helpful and do lots of things. They can not only work indoors, but also outdoors. They can even do tasks that nobody wants to do. One special robot can help in fast food restaurants. At first, the robot only made burgers. But workers thought it could do more. Now, the robot can make many kinds of food like french fries and fried onions. It works faster than people because it can do more tasks at the same time. So it saves a lot of time and work. Also, the robot knows exactly when the food is ready. Workers are happy that they don't have to do them, especially at night. Another special robot can even do tasks that are difficult or dangerous. It is so big that it can carry things of up to 40 kilograms and can reach as high as ten meters, too. It helps workers fix railway lines (维修铁路线路). That's because electricity can make some workers in danger and even fall sometimes. The robot can help them solve these problems and makes their lives much safer. These unusual robots seem to be doing good jobs, but they still need help from people. People control robots with a computer or a remote control (遥控器) and a VR headset (虚拟现实头盔). Scientists say robots can help in more places and play a more important part in the near future. 42．Where does the special robot work indoors? A．In the museum. B．At the bus station. C．In fast food restaurants. 43．What food can the special robot make at first? A．Burgers. B．French fries. C．Fried onions. 44．What can make workers in danger when they fix railway lines? A．Earthquake. B．Electricity. C．Rainstorm. 45．We can infer (推断) that ____ from the 4th paragraph. A．There will be fewer robots in our homes to do good jobs. B．These special robots can't work without people's help. C．There are four ways to order the robots to do all things. 46．What's the best title of the passage? A．The Fastest Robots B．The Biggest Robots C．The Unusual Robots 【答案】42．C 43．A 44．B 45．B 46．C 【知识点】科普类；说明文 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了不同寻常的机器人。 42．细节理解题。根据第二段One special robot can help in fast food restaurants.(一个特殊的机器人可以帮助快餐店。)可知，这个特殊的机器人在快餐店的室内工作。故选C。 43．细节理解题。根据第二段At first, the robot only made burgers.(起初，机器人只做汉堡。)可知，这个特殊的机器人起初，能做汉堡。故选A。 44．细节理解题。根据第三段That's because electricity can make some workers in danger and even fall sometimes.(这是因为电力会使一些工人处于危险之中，有时甚至会摔倒。)可知，当工人修理铁路线时，电会使他们处于危险之中。故选B。 45．推理判断题。根据第四段These unusual I robots seem to be doing good jobs, but they still need help from people. People control robots with a computer or a remote control(遥控器)and a VR headset(虚拟现实头盔). (这些不同寻常的机器人似乎做得很好，但它们仍然需要人们的帮助。人们用电脑或遥控器和虚拟现实头盔控制机器人。)可知，我们可以从第4段推断出没有人的帮助，这些特殊的机器人就不能工作。故选B。 46．标题判断题。根据第一段In our lives we can see more and more robots in different places. They are helpful and do lots of things. They can not only work indoors, but also outdoors. They can even do tasks that nobody wants to do.(在我们的生活中，我们可以在不同的地方看到越来越多的机器人。它们很有帮助，可以做很多事情。它们不仅可以在室内工作，也可以在室外工作。它们甚至可以做没人想做的任务。)可知，本文讲述了不同寻常的机器人，这篇文章最好的标题是"不同寻常的机器人"。故选C。 （2023·衡阳）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Motuo lies in the south of the Himalayas in Tibet. It is known as the "Natural Museum of Tibet". It is home to all kinds of mountains, rivers, waterfalls, plants and animals its special geographic location (地理位置) makes it a beautiful place. It was one of the hardest places to reach and was the last city in China without a highway. The construction (施工) of the first highway to Motuo started in the 1960s. However, it was no completed until over 50 years later. In 2014, the construction of its second highway-the Paimo Highway started. In October 2022, the construction of the main body of the highway was completed. They are great engineering projects. In this area, earthquakes and heavy rains happened very often. There could be falling rocks or even landslides (滑坡). People must build many walls and nets to protect the two highways. Another challenge was the snow. Plenty of snow sometimes destroyed rocks and roads. As a result, the construction of the highways to Motuo was stopped several times. To solve this problem, people built a tunnel (隧道) that goes through the mountain area. The two highways stand for the Chinese spirit of "never giving up". They are ways to connect Motuo to the outside world and show how China cares about people in the far areas. 47．Where is Motuo? A．It's in the south of the Himalayas. B．It's in the north of the Himalayas. C．It's in the east of the Himalayas. 48．When did the construction of the first highway to Motuo start? A．In the 1980s. B．In the 1970s. C．In the 1960s. 49．How must people deal with the falling rocks or even landslides according to the passage? A．People must build a tunnel. B．People must build a bridge. C．People must build many walls and nets. 50．What do the two highways to Motuo stand for? A．The Chinese spirit of "being hard-working" B．The Chinese spirit of "never giving up" C．The Chinese spirit of "being honest". 51．What's the main idea of the article? A．To introduce the two highways to Motuo. B．To explain the importance of Motuo. C．To show the beauty of Motuo. 【答案】47．A 48．C 49．C 50．B 51．A 【知识点】自然地理类；说明文；细节理解 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了到墨脱的两条高速公路。 47．细节理解题。根据"Motuo lies in the south of the Himalayas in Tibet."墨脱位于西藏喜马拉雅山以南。可知它在喜马拉雅山脉的南部。故选A。 48．细节理解题。根据"The construction(施工) of the first highway to Motuo started in the 1960s."可知第一条通往墨脱的高速公路是在20世纪60年代开始建设的，故选C。 49．细节理解题。根据"There could be falling rocks or even landslides(滑坡). 可能有落石甚至山体滑坡。People must build many walls and nets to protect the two highways.人们必须建造许多墙和网来保护这两条高速公路。"可知人们必须建造许多墙和网来保护这两条高速公路。故选C。 50．细节理解题。根据"The two highways stand for the Chinese spirit of ‘never giving up' "可知这两条高速公路代表着中国人"永不放弃"的精神，故选B。 51．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了到墨脱的两条高速公路。故选A。 （2023·株洲）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Take care of your plants! They may "shout " if you treat them badly. Plants can make sounds when they are stressed, according to a recent study. "Plants use sound to communicate with animals all the time, so it would be very inconvenient for plants not to use sound at all. " Lilach Hadany, co-author (合著者) of the study, told Science Focus. With this in mind, the research team started by recording plants' sounds. They put sweet-pepper and tomato plants in soundproof boxes to shut off the noise in the environment. Several ultrasonic microphones (超声波麦克风) were then put near the plants, which can record between 20 and 250 kilohertz (千赫兹). A human adult's ear can hear about 16 kilohertz. There were three groups of plants: One group wasn't watered for five days, another group had some parts cut off and the last group was untouched. The microphones caught sounds from 40 to 80 kilohertz from the first two groups. The sound, which was similar to the noise of popcorn popping grew louder and louder during the five days of water stress. They then began to become weaker and weaker as the plants dried out. A stressed plan produced the popping sound around 30 to 50 times per hour, while the untouched group only produced around once per hour, according to the study. 52．Plants use ____ to communicate with animals all the time according to the study. A．sound B．smell C．light 53．What does the underlined word "soundproof" mean? A．发出声音的 B．隔离声音的 C．吸收声音的 54．A human adult's ear can hear about ____. A．16 kilohertz B．20 kilohertz C．250 Kilohertz 55．According to the study, the untouched group of the plants produced the popping sound around ____. A．40 to 80 times per hour B．30 to 60 times per hour C．once per hour 56．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Plants can make sounds. B．How to take care of your plants. C．The team made machine-learning applications. 【答案】52．A 53．B 54．A 55．C 56．A 【知识点】科普类；议论文 【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要讲述了一项最新研究发现，植物在感到压力时会发出声音。研究团队通过录制植物的声音发现，当植物受到压力时，它们会发出类似爆米花爆裂的声音。被浇水不足或剪掉部分叶子的植物会发出更多的声音，而未受到干扰的植物则几乎没有声音。这项研究表明，植物可以通过声音与动物进行交流，并且当它们受到不良对待时，它们可能会"呼喊"。 52．细节理解题。根据第二段"Plants can make sounds when they are stressed, according to a recent study. "Plants use sound to communicate with animals all the time, so it would be very inconvenient for plants not to use sound at all. " Lilach Hadany, co-author (合著者) of the study, told Science Focus. ("植物一直用声音与动物交流，所以植物完全不使用声音会很不方便。"该研究的合著者Lilach Hadany告诉《科学聚焦》。)可知根据这项研究，植物一直利用声音与动物进行交流，故选A。 53．词义猜测题。根据第三段With this in mind, the research team started by recording plants' sounds. They put sweet-pepper and tomato plants in soundproof boxes to shut off the noise in the environment. (考虑到这一点，研究小组从记录植物的声音开始。他们把甜椒和番茄植物放在箱里，以隔绝环境中的噪音。)可知能够隔绝噪音应是指放进隔离声音的箱子里，可知soundproof意思是"隔离声音的"，故选B。 54．细节理解题。根据第三段A human adult's ear can hear about 16 kilohertz. (成年人的耳朵可以听到大约16千赫兹的声音。)可知成年人的耳朵可以听到大约16千赫兹的声音，故选A。 55．细节理解题。根据最后一段while the untouched group only produced around once per hour, according to the study.(而研究显示，未受影响的一组每小时只产生一次。)可知根据这项研究，未受影响的一组植物大约每小时发出一次爆裂声，故选C。 56．主旨大意题。根据第二段Plants use sound to communicate with animals all the time, so it would be very inconvenient for plants not to use sound at all. " Lilach Hadany, co-author (合著者) of the study, told Science Focus. (根据最近的一项研究，植物在感到压力时可以发出声音。"植物一直用声音与动物交流，所以植物完全不使用声音会很不方便。"该研究的合著者Lilach Hadany告诉《科学聚焦》。)可知本文主要讲述了一项最新研究发现，植物在感到压力时会发出声音，故选A。 （2023·衡阳） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 The Dolphin 1 is a kind of intelligent water rescue (救援) robot. It is independently developed by Yunzhou Technology, a company from Guangdong Province. The rescue robot became famous for its successful rescue of a boy who was washed away by waves in Weihai, Shandong Province on Aug9. 2022. The Dolphin 1 has many advantages. For example, it has high floatage (漂浮性), and its direction can be controlled. The Dolphin 1 can overturn (翻转) to adjust its position even in dangerous water conditions by itself. It is not hard to be remote-controlled (遥控) with one hand and the person who uses it does not need to have professional training before using it. When one accident happens, only one to two people are required to operate (操作) the robot for rapid rescue. Since it was put into use, the Dolphin I has saved several people's lives in Zhuhai's Wanshan Island and coastal areas of Weihai. It has been put into operation in rescue tasks in Jiangxi and Henan provinces. At present, the intelligent water rescue robot has been widely used in China. And more than 40 countries, including the United States of America. Spain, Italy, and Australia, have introduced the Dolphin 1 for rapid water rescue operations. 57．The underlined word "intelligent" in the first paragraph means "____" in Chinese A．智能的 B．时尚的 C．勤奋的 58．How many people are only required to operate the robot for rapid rescue if an accident happens? A．One to four people. B．One to three people. C．One to two people 59．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．Advantages of the water rescue robot. B．Research of the water rescue robot. C．Opinions on the water rescue robot. 60．Where has the water rescue robot been put into operation in rescue tasks? A．In Hunan and Jiangxi. B．In Jiangxi and Henan. C．In Hunan and Henan. 61．Which part of a newspaper might the passage come from? A．Travel. B．Science. C．Culture. 【答案】57．A 58．C 59．A 60．B 61．B 【知识点】科普类；说明文 【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了智能水上救援机器人的好处以及它被投放使用对人类的帮助。 57．词义猜测题。根据第二段中"The rescue robot became famous for its successful rescue of a boy who was washed away by waves in Weihai, Shandong Province on Aug9. 2022. "2022年8月9日，在山东威海，救援机器人因成功营救一名被海浪冲走的男孩而闻名。"The Dolphin 1 is a kind of intelligent water rescue(救援) robot"可知，它是一种智能水上救援机器人，故选A。 58．细节理解题。根据"When one accident happens, only one to two people are required to operate(操作) the robot for rapid rescue."可知，当发生一起事故时，只需一到两个人就可以操作机器人进行快速救援，故选C。 59．主旨大意题。根据"The Dolphin 1 has many advantages"可知，本段介绍它的好处，故选A。 60．细节理解题。根据"It has been put into operation in rescue tasks in Jiangxi and Henan provinces"可知，它已经在江西和河南两省的救援任务中投入使用，故选B。 61．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一种智能水上救援机器人，属于科学范畴，故选B。 （2023·长沙） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Anyone who has seen The Sound of Music, the Oscar-winning movie, knows the famous city of Salzburg in Austria. The musical movie was filmed in and around the city. To enjoy the amazing (令人惊叹的) city, you only have to walk through the alleys (小巷). The sounds of music in Salzburg are not just from the famous film. Mozart, one of the greatest musicians, was born here, and the city is proud of him. You'll hear Mozart's music all over the city. And you can visit Mozart's birthplace, learn about his childhood and even try the chocolate named for him: a Mozart ball! Don't miss visiting the Salzburg Residenz, which was the rulers' palace in the past. It was here that Mozart performed (表演) for the first time in his life. A visit to Salzburg in December must include time in the Christmas markets, which can be found here and there. Visit the marketplaces for a hot drink. Then enjoy the beautiful handiwork for sale. Salt was so important to the city of Salzburg that the city was named for it. This "white gold" brought wealth to the rulers. You can visit the Hallein Salt Mine (矿), one of the oldest in the world. Take a train ride into the mountain, where miners will explain the mining process (过程). Then enjoy a boat ride across an underground lake. These are just a few of the enjoyable places in this small Austrian city. There are much more waiting for you to explore. Make sure to plan a trip to this breathtaking city. Its history and culture will excite your senses. 62．What do we know about The Sound of Music? A．It was filmed by Mozart. B．It is an Oscar-winning movie. C．It is a movie of Salzburg's chocolate. 63．Where did Mozart perform for the first time in his life? A．In a Christmas market. B．At the Hallein Salt Mine. C．At the Salzburg Residenz. 64．What is the "white gold" in Paragraph 4? A．Salt. B．Music. C．A hot drink. 65．Which of the following does the writer agree with? A．Salzburg is too small to visit. B．Salzburg is a place worth visiting. C．There is nothing interesting in Salzburg. 66．What section (部分) of a magazine is the text taken from? A．Travel. B．Sports. C．Science. 【答案】62．B 63．C 64．A 65．B 66．A 【知识点】人文地理类；说明文；细节理解 【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了奥地利著名的城市萨尔茨堡。 62．细节理解题，根据句子Anyone who has seen The Sound of Music, the Oscar-winning movie, knows the famous city of Salzburg in Austria. 看过奥斯卡获奖影片《音乐之声》的人都知道奥地利著名的城市萨尔茨堡。可知《音乐之声》是奥斯卡获奖影片，故选B。 63．细节理解题，根据句子Don't miss visiting the Salzburg Residenz, which was the rulers' palace in the past. It was here that Mozart performed (表演) for the first time in his life. 不要错过参观萨尔茨堡公馆，这是过去统治者的宫殿。莫扎特就是在这里进行了他人生中的第一次演出。可知莫扎特一生中第一次演出在萨尔茨堡公馆，故选C。 64．推理判断题，根据句子Salt was so important to the city of Salzburg that the city was named for it. This "white gold" brought wealth to the rulers. 盐对萨尔茨堡非常重要，因此这座城市以盐命名。这些"白金"给统治者带来了财富。可知盐对萨尔茨堡非常重要，因此这座城市以盐命名，可知white gold指的是盐，故选A。 65．推理判断题，根据句子Make sure to plan a trip to this breathtaking city. Its history and culture will excite your senses. 一定要计划一次去这座令人惊叹的城市的旅行。它的历史和文化会激发你的感官。可推知萨尔茨堡是一个值得参观的地方，故选B。 66．推理判断题，根据句子Anyone who has seen The Sound of Music, the Oscar-winning movie, knows the famous city of Salzburg in Austria. The musical movie was filmed in and around the city. To enjoy the amazing (令人惊叹的) city, you only have to walk through the alleys.看过奥斯卡获奖影片《音乐之声》的人都知道奥地利著名的城市萨尔茨堡。这部歌舞片是在这个城市及其周边地区拍摄的。要欣赏这座令人惊叹的城市，你只需要穿过小巷。可知本文主要介绍了奥地利著名的城市萨尔茨堡，可推知在旅游版块能够看到这篇文章，故选A。 （2023·永州）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Have you ever noticed plastic waste everywhere in your community? Dr. Aboubacar Kampo has. He was living in Côte d'Ivoire, a country on the coast of West Africa, where plastic is a big environmental problem, compared with water and air pollution. Côte d'Ivoire's biggest city, Abidjan, produces more than 300 tons of plastic rubbish a day, and only about 5% is recycled. "How can we turn plastic into something useful?" Kampo wondered. So Kampo, who works for UNICEF, the United Nations Children's Fund, googled, researched, and then noticed a company in Colombia, a country in South America. Plastic pollution is a problem there, too. Conceptos Plásticos, the Colombian company that Kampo read about online, recycles plastic waste and turns it into big, Lego-like bricks（砖）for building schools and houses. Next, Kampo went to Colombia to learn about the company in person. He toured schools that were built with its bricks and the factory where the bricks were made. "Conceptos Plásticos gave us a solution." Kampo said. He thought it could help with more than just the plastic problem. It could also improve children's education. According to UNICEF, 1.6 million children in Côte d'Ivoire don't go to school. One reason is that there aren't enough classrooms. For kids who do go to school, classrooms are often very crowded. Kids often sit on the floor and can't stand up because there isn't room to move around. In 2018 UNICEF built its first classrooms in Abidjan, using bricks produced in Colombia by Conceptos Plásticos. Right away, the local education improved a lot. People couldn't believe it at the beginning, that the classrooms were made of plastic. But now all the parents want their children in these classrooms. By the end of 2021 UNICEF had built 528 classrooms in Côte d'Ivoire. The new Conceptos Plásticos factory in Abidjan will soon be producing bricks from rubbish collected in children's playgrounds and on the beach. The environmental influence is huge. Kampo says it takes about five and a half tons of plastic and just a few weeks to build a classroom. Unlike traditional building, no cement（水泥）is needed. "It's just a hammer（锤子）and those bricks." he added. 67．What is the main problem Côte d'Ivoire faces? A．Plastic pollution. B．Water pollution. C．Air pollution. 68．What can we learn about Conceptos Plásticos? A．It's a company in West Africa. B．It recycles plastic waste online. C．It offers bricks for building the classrooms in Abidjan. 69．Which of the following best describes the parents about their kids' future in Paragraph 5? A．Doubtful. B．Excited. C．Surprised. 70．How many tons of plastic are needed to build a classroom? A．About 5.5 tons. B．Only about 15 tons. C．More than 300 tons. 71．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Building Green B． An introduction to Kampo C．Côte d'Ivoire's Environmental Problem 【答案】67．A 68．C 69．B 70．A 71．A 【知识点】环保类；说明文；细节理解 【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了一位联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）的工作人员Aboubacar Kampo，他在Côte d'Ivoire发现了塑料垃圾无处不在的问题。哥伦比亚的一家公司Conceptos Plásticos将塑料垃圾回收并将其变成类似乐高积木的大型砖块，用于建造学校和房屋。真正实现了"绿色建筑"。 67．细节理解题。根据第一段Have you ever noticed plastic waste everywhere in your community？Dr.Aboubacar Kampo has.He was living in Côte d'Ivoire，a country on the coast of West Africa，where plastic is a big environmental problem，compared with water and air pollution.（你注意到你所在社区到处都是塑料垃圾吗？Aboubacar Kampo博士注意到了。他住在Côte d'Ivoire，西非海岸的一个国家，那里的塑料与水和空气污染相比是一个巨大的环境问题。）可知，Côte d'Ivoire面临的主要问题是塑料污染。故选A。 68．细节理解题。根据第五段In 2018，UNICEF built its first classrooms in Abidjan，using bricks produced in Colombia by Conceptos Plásticos.（2018年，联合国儿童基金会在Abidjan使用Conceptos Plásticos在哥伦比亚生产的砖块建造了第一间教室。）可知，Conceptos Plásticos为建造Abidjan的教室提供砖块。故选C。 69．推理判断题。根据第五段People couldn't believe it at the beginning，that the classrooms were made of plastic.But now all the parents want their children in these classrooms.（人们一开始不敢相信，教室是用塑料制成的。但现在所有的家长都希望他们的孩子在这些教室里。）可知，在第5段中，"激动的"最能描述父母对孩子未来的看法。故选B。 70．细节理解题。根据最后一段The environmental influence is huge.Kampo says it takes about five and a half tons of plastic and just a few weeks to build a classroom.（对环境的影响是巨大的。Kampo说，建造一个教室大约需要五吨半的塑料，只需要几周的时间。）可知，建造一间教室大约需要5.5吨塑料。故选A。 71．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一位联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）的工作人员Aboubacar Kampo，他在Côte d'Ivoire发现了塑料垃圾无处不在的问题。哥伦比亚的一家公司Conceptos Plásticos将塑料垃圾回收并将其变成类似乐高积木的大型砖块，用于建造学校和房屋。真正实现了"绿色建筑"。故文章的最佳标题应是"绿色建筑"。故选A。 （2023·长沙） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 It is commonly believed that children are too young to fully appreciate (欣赏) the experience and knowledge of their elders, while many think that old people don't understand the young. But actually (事实上), both groups have a lot to learn from each other. James Smith runs the Smith's Care Home in my city. It is mainly an organization (机构) for serving the elderly. But not all of its visitors are old people. The home also includes a childcare center for pre-school kids. There is a playground in the care home, where the elderly can play with the kids. In this way, they can learn more about each other, and respect (尊重) and understand one another. I suppose this is quite an interesting idea. For one thing, we live in a world where there are more and more old people. The world is facing this problem and its population ages. It will be important for young people to be able to understand and care for the elderly in the coming years. Regretfully, my own grandparents weren't around when I was little, as they had already passed away. I never got to learn what the world was like through their eyes, or what kinds of problems they might have faced when they were my age. To me, their lives will always be a mystery — hard to understand or explain. However, I think I can still learn from other people of older generations (辈). I might find some of their ideas out of date, and they might believe that my generation's way of thinking is strange or incorrect. But we can still learn from each other anyway. 72．What is special about the Smith's Care Home? A．It is only a childcare center actually. B．The elderly look after kids carefully there. C．It accepts both the elderly and pre-school kids. 73．In the writer's opinion (观点),what problem is the world facing? A．There are more and more old people. B．The world's population is dropping rapidly. C．The world is short of care homes for old people. 74．What does the underlined word "mystery" mean in Paragraph 4? A．笑话 B．悲剧 C．谜团 75．How does the writer develop his/her idea in this text? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By raising questions. 76．What is the main purpose of the text? A．To explain why the world's population ages. B．To encourage different generations to learn from each other. C．To show that older generations' ways of thinking are incorrect. 【答案】72．C 73．A 74．C 75．A 76．B 【知识点】社会现象类；议论文；细节理解；推理判断 【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了人们常说老年人不理解年轻人，而许多人认为孩子太小，不能充分理解老年人的智慧。但事实上，这两个群体都有很多可以互相学习的地方。 72．细节理解题，根据句子James Smith runs the Smith's Care Home in my city. It is mainly an organization (机构) for serving the elderly. But not all of its visitors are old people. The home also includes a childcare center for pre-school kids. 詹姆斯·史密斯在我的城市经营史密斯疗养院。它主要是一个为老年人服务的组织。但并不是所有的游客都是老年人。该住宅还包括一个学龄前儿童托儿中心。可知，这个机构服务的不止是老年人而且还有孩子，这是它的特殊之处，故选C。 73．细节理解题。根据句子For one thing, we live in a world where there are more and more old people. The world is facing this problem and its population ages.一方面，我们生活在一个老年人越来越多的世界。世界正面临着这个问题和人口老龄化。可知，我们生活在一个老年人越来越多的世界，世界正面临着这个问题和人口老龄化，故选A。 74．词义猜测题，根据句子To me, their lives will always be a mystery — hard to understand or explain. 对我来说，他们的生活永远是个.......——难以理解或解释。可推知此处是指难以理解或解释，所以是一个谜团，故选C。 75．推理判断题。根据句子Regretfully, my own grandparents weren't around when I was little, as they had already passed away. I never got to learn what the world was like through their eyes, or what kinds of problems they might have faced when they were my age. To me, their lives will always be a mystery — hard to understand or explain. 遗憾的是，在我小的时候，我的祖父母已经去世了。我从来没有机会通过他们的眼睛了解这个世界是什么样子，或者他们在我这个年龄时可能会面临什么样的问题。对我来说，他们的生活永远是个谜——难以理解或解释。可推知作者通过举例来发展自己的观点，故选A。 76．主旨大意题，根据句子However, I think I can still learn from other people of older generations (辈). I might find some of their ideas out of date, and they might believe that my generation's way of thinking is strange or incorrect. But we can still learn from each other anyway. 然而，我认为我仍然可以向其他老一辈人学习。我可能会发现他们的一些想法过时了，他们可能会认为我们这一代人的思维方式是奇怪的或不正确的。但无论如何，我们仍然可以相互学习。可知本文想要说明老年人和年轻人这两个群体都有很多可以相互学习的地方，故选B。 （2023·永州） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 Do Kids Need Homework? School is a big part of life, not just for kids but for their families. There are many reports and discussions about what's best for students. Everyone has their own opinions. And they don't always agree. Do kids need homework? It depends. Some readers from a famous magazine, think that the extra（额外的）work reviews what they have learnt in class. And it also helps teachers find where students need more help. Others say homework adds to students' stress and takes time away from exercise or learning something new. In order to know what kind of homework kids should do and how much kids need, the magazine interviewed several kids. Karen, 9 Kids need homework. When they learn something new in school, reviewing it at home helps them remember it. Our homework gives our teachers valuable information. It tells them how much students are paying attention in class and who needs extra help. Michael, 9 In my opinion, giving students homework is a bad idea. After school kids need experiences that build a healthy mind and body. Homework is not supposed to stress kids out. When there is too much homework, students do poorly in homework. In fact, doing homework poorly is worse than doing no homework. As long as students are working hard in class, it's best not to give them extra work. Robert, 8 Kids need homework. But that depends. Middle and high school students can do more homework. At my school, primary students get homework, but not too much. My teacher might ask us to learn spelling words at home, and each week we'll be given a test. Susan, 11 Kids don't need homework. They're learning for six hours a day at school. Adding another hour of work for kids to do at home is just having them repeat what they've been doing all day. Besides, homework takes time away from activities like team sports. These are just as important as schoolwork, because they keep kids active. 77．What did the magazine do about homework? A．It had a discussion. B．It did a report. C．It made an interview. 78．Who supports the idea of giving students homework? A．Karen. B．Michael. C．Susan. 79．What will happen when homework is too much according to Paragraph 4? A．Students will do no homework. B．Students will do homework poorly. C．Students will build a healthy mind and body. 80．What is Robert's opinion about homework? A．Primary students don't need to do homework. B．High school students can do more homework. C．Homework just repeats what is learned in class. 81．What does "These" refer to（指代）in the last paragrapgh? A．Kids. B．Subjects. C．Activities like team sports. 【答案】77．C 78．A 79．B 80．B 81．C 【知识点】社会现象类；议论文；细节理解 【解析】【分析】本文主要讨论了孩子是否需要做作业。文章列举了不同人的观点。 77．细节理解题。根据第2段In order to know what kind of homework kids should do and how much kids need，the magazine interviewed several kids.（为了知道孩子们应该做什么样的作业，需要多少作业，杂志采访了几个孩子。）可知杂志社做了一个采访，故选：C。 78．细节理解题。根据第3段 Karen，9 Kids need homework.（Karen，9岁 孩子们需要家庭作业。）可知Karen认为孩子需要家庭作业，故选：A。 79．细节理解题。根据第4段When there is too much homework，students do poorly in homework.（当家庭作业太多时，学生的家庭作业做得很差。）可知当家庭作业太多时，学生的家庭作业做得很差，故选：B。 80．细节理解题。根据第5段Middle and high school students can do more homework.（中学生可以做更多的家庭作业。）可知Robert的观点是中学生可以做更多的家庭作业，故选：B。 81．代词指代题。根据最后一段Besides，homework takes time away from activities like team sports. These are just as important as schoolwork，because they keep kids active.（除此之外，家庭作业还会占用孩子们参加团体运动的时间，这些和家庭作业一样重要，因为家庭作业可以让孩子们保持活跃。）可知these指代上文中的activities like team sports，故选：C。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$