Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet Section A Grammar Focus-4c 英文教案 2024-2025学年人教版（2012）八年级英语下册

教学设计 课题 Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet-Section A-Grammar Focus-4c 课时 1 教学目标 Language Ability: Students will master the present perfect tense, including its affirmative, interrogative and negative forms, as well as the usage of "already" and "yet". They can use this tense to talk about experiences like books read or movies watched, improving speaking and writing skills. 重难点 The formation of the present perfect tense (have/has + past participle), correct usage of "already" (in affirmative sentences) and "yet" (in interrogative and negative sentences), and using this tense to communicate about past experiences relevant to the present. 教学环节 学习活动 新课教学 Step 1: Greeting and Revision Teacher: Good morning, class! How are you today? Before we start our new lesson, let's have a quick revision. (Write some sentences on the blackboard or show on the PPT) For example, "I read a storybook last night." and "I have read that storybook twice." Can you tell me the difference between these two sentences? Who wants to have a try? Student 1: The first sentence is in the simple past tense. It just tells about an action that happened last night. The second one is in the present perfect tense, but I'm not sure about the difference exactly. Teacher: Great attempt! The simple past tense, like in "I read a storybook last night", focuses on the action that took place at a specific time in the past. The time, "last night", is clearly stated. Now, for the present perfect tense in "I have read that storybook twice", it emphasizes the connection between the past action and the present. Here, "twice" shows the result or experience up to now. Let's look at some more examples to make it clearer. (Show more examples on the screen) Step 2: Presentation of Grammar Focus Teacher: Now, let's turn to Grammar Focus on page XX. First, let's read these sentences together. (Read the sentences in Grammar Focus aloud with the students) "Have you read Little Women yet? Yes, I have. / No, I haven't. Has Tina read Treasure Island yet? Yes, she has. She thinks it’s fantastic. Have you decided which book to write about yet? Yes, I have. I’ve already finished reading it. It was really good." Now, let's analyze the structure of the present perfect tense. What do you notice? Student 2: It's "have/has + past participle". Like "have read", "has read", "have decided". Teacher: Exactly! The present perfect tense is formed by using "have" or "has" depending on the subject. If the subject is I, you, we, they or plural nouns, we use "have". If the subject is he, she, it or singular nouns, we use "has". And then we add the past participle of the main verb. For regular verbs, the past participle is usually formed by adding "-ed" to the base form, just like the past tense. But for irregular verbs, we need to remember their special forms. For example, the past participle of "read" is still "read", and the past participle of "go" is "gone". Now, let's look at the usage of "already" and "yet". In the sentence "I’ve already finished reading it.", "already" is used. It means the action has been completed. And it is usually used in affirmative sentences. In the question "Have you decided which book to write about yet?", "yet" is used. It is often used in negative sentences and questions, meaning "up to now". Let's see some more examples. (Write more sentences on the blackboard to illustrate the usage of "already" and "yet") Teacher: Now, let's practice forming sentences in the present perfect tense. I'll give you some verbs and subjects. You tell me how to form the present perfect tense. For example, if I say "he, eat", you should say "He has eaten". Are you ready? Here we go. "they, watch", "she, clean", "you, visit". Student 3: They have watched. Student 4: She has cleaned. Student 5: You have visited. Step 3: Activity 4a Teacher: Now, let's move on to activity 4a. Look at the conversations in 4a. We need to fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs. First, read the conversations by yourself and think about which form of the verb should be used. Is it the present perfect tense, the simple past tense or the simple future tense? (Give students a few minutes to read and think) Teacher: Now, let's check the answers together. For the first conversation, "A: Would you like something to drink? B: No, thanks. I ______ (just/drink) some tea." What should we fill in here? Student 6: have just drunk. Because it shows an action that has just happened and has an effect on the present, so we use the present perfect tense. Teacher: Great! You are absolutely right. For the second conversation, "A: I heard you lost your key. ______ (find) it yet? B: No, not yet." What about this one? Student 7: Have you found. It's a question in the present perfect tense, and "yet" is a sign of the present perfect tense in questions. Teacher: Correct! Let's continue with the third conversation. "A: Do you know when Tom is leaving? B: I'm not sure. He ______ (already/leave)." Student 8: has already left. "Already" is used in the present perfect tense in this affirmative sentence. Teacher: Very good. Now, let's look at the fourth conversation. "A: Is your sister going to the movies with us tonight? B: No, she ______ (already/see) the film." Student 9: has already seen. The same reason as the previous one. Teacher: Right. And for the last one, "A: What do your parents think about our plan? B: I ______ (not/tell) them yet." Student 10: haven't told. It's a negative sentence in the present perfect tense with "yet". Teacher: Excellent! You all did a great job. Now, let's read these conversations aloud together to get more familiar with the usage of the present perfect tense in these contexts. Step 4: Activity 4b Teacher: Next, we come to activity 4b. Here, we have a passage. Read the passage carefully and fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. This time, you need to consider not only the present perfect tense but also other tenses we have learned, like the simple present tense, the simple past tense and the simple future tense. Start working on it now. (Give students enough time to read and fill in the blanks) Teacher: Let's check the answers. The first blank is "loves". Why do we use the simple present tense here? Student 11: Because it shows a habitual action. Sally loves reading all the time. Teacher: Exactly. What about the second blank? "She ______ (already/read) more than 100 different books!" Student 12: has already read. It's in the present perfect tense to show an action that started in the past and continues up to now. Teacher: Right. The third blank, "She thinks the world ______ (be) a better place in 50 years." Student 13: will be. Because it's about a prediction in the future, so we use the simple future tense. Teacher: Good. For the fourth blank, "She ______ (finish) reading a book about robots last week." Student 14: finished. There is a specific time "last week", so we use the simple past tense. Teacher: Correct. The fifth blank, "She ______ (write) a book report about it next week." Student 15: will write. It's also about a future action, so the simple future tense is used. Teacher: Great. And the last one, "She ______ (not/read) Treasure Island yet." Student 16: hasn't read. It's a negative sentence in the present perfect tense with "yet". Teacher: Well done, everyone! Now, let's read this passage aloud to understand how different tenses are used in a passage. Step 5: Activity 4c Teacher: Now, it's time for our last activity, 4c. In this activity, you are going to talk to your partner about the books, movies or songs you have already read, seen or heard. Use the present perfect tense. First, look at the example conversation on the screen. "A: Have you read Tom Sawyer? B: Yes, I have. A: Do you like reading it? B: Yes, but my favorite books are science fictions because they are exciting. What about you? What's your favorite books?" Now, I want you to start your conversations with your partners. You can also ask for more details, like how many times you have read/seen/heard it, what you think of it and so on. (Students start to have conversations with their partners. Walk around the classroom and listen to their conversations, offering help if necessary) Teacher: OK, stop here. Let's invite some pairs to come to the front and share their conversations with us. Which pair wants to volunteer? Pair 1: A: Have you seen the movie "Avatar"? B: Yes, I have. A: How many times have you seen it? B: I have seen it three times. A: What do you think of it? B: I think it's amazing. The special effects are really cool. What about you? Have you seen it? A: No, I haven't. But I have heard it's very good. I will watch it someday. Teacher: Very good! You used the present perfect tense very well and had a nice conversation. Let's give them a round of applause. Who else wants to share? Pair 2: A: Have you read the book "Harry Potter"? B: Yes, I have. A: What's your favorite part of the book? B: I like the part when Harry and his friends fight against Voldemort. It's so exciting. A: I agree. I have read all the "Harry Potter" books. They are really interesting. B: Me too. Teacher: Wonderful! You added some details to make your conversation more vivid. Well done. Step 6: Summary Teacher: Today, we have learned a lot about the present perfect tense. We learned its structure, which is "have/has + past participle". We also learned the usage of "already" and "yet" in the present perfect tense sentences. We practiced using the present perfect tense in different activities, like filling in the blanks and having conversations. Remember, the present perfect tense is used to show an action that happened in the past and has a connection to the present, either in terms of the result or the experience. Also, we compared the present perfect tense with other tenses like the simple past tense and the simple future tense. Keep practicing using the present perfect tense in your daily life and in your English learning. Step 7: Homework Teacher: For homework, I want you to write a short passage about your favorite book, movie or song. Use at least five sentences in the present perfect tense. You can describe how many times you have read/seen/heard it, what you think of it and why you like it. And bring your passages to class tomorrow. We will share them with each other. That's all for today's class. See you tomorrow! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$