Unit 1 Section H 人与自然 相关题型训练-训练2 -2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

2025-2026学年度高三英语总复习系列题型专项复习 「Unit 1 阅读理解题型训练」 「Section H 人与自然 相关题型训练-训练2」 答 案 经典题目精读 把握最佳练习 本文是说明文，讲述了美国灰熊从濒危物种恢复到2000多头，但也带来了一些问题。 1. A 题型：细节理解题 根据第一段中“Grizzly bears,which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400 kg,occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams.(灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心理中占据着一个矛盾的角落——即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦，我们也敬畏它们”可知，美国人对灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他们的情感是混合的。故选A项。 2. C 题型：推理判断题 根据第三段最后一句“In 1975，grizlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.(1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》)”以及第四段“Today,there are about 2,000 or more grizly bears in the U.S.Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizlies,which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.(如今，美国大约有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀)”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C项。 3. A 题型：细节理解题 根据第四段中“Today,there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S.Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies,which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups.For now,grizzlies remain listed.(如今，美国大约有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。由于环保组织的诉讼，这两项努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名单上)”可知，是环保组织的反对阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A项。 4. B 题型：推理判断题 根据最后一段中“Obviously,if precautions aren't taken,grizzlies can become troublesome,sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food.If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites,grizzlies ill typically pass by without trouble.Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away."Our hope is to have a clean,attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,"says James Jonkel,longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula.(显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊会变得很麻烦，有时会杀死农场动物，或者在院子里寻找食物。如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和露营地移走，灰熊通常会安然通过。在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电动围栏也能有效地赶走灰熊。“我们希望有一个干净，没有诱饵的地方，熊可以通过，而不会养成坏习惯，”詹姆斯琼克尔说，他是一位长期管理米苏拉及其周围熊的生物学家)”可推知，灰熊数量增长，虽然会带来一些麻烦，但是如果采取一些预防措施，人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B项。 第四次阅读：短文填词，检验语法情况 1. conflicted 考查形容词。句意：灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心理中占据着一个矛盾的角落——我们敬畏它们，尽管它们给我们带来了可怕的梦。空处修饰名词corner,应用形容词，conflict的形容词形式有conflicting“相互冲突的；矛盾的”和conflicted“充满矛盾的；纠结的”,这里表示美国人对灰熊心理上是充满矛盾的，应用conflicted。故填conflicted。 2. their 考查代词。句意：“灰熊正在重新占据它们以前活动范围的大片区域，”熊生物学家克里斯瑟芬说。修饰名词range用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 3. being sighted 考查时态语态。句意：随着灰熊的活动范围扩大到一个多世纪以来从未出现过的地方，人类越来越多地看到了它们。they(指代灰熊)与sight“看见”之间是被动关系，且根据语境表示正在被看到，结合上文they're可知为现在进行时的被动语态，故填being sighted. 4. living 考查非谓语动词。句意：当欧洲人到来的时候，美国西部到处都是灰熊，大约有5万或更多的灰熊与印第安人生活在一起。句中为with复合结构“with +宾语+宾语补足语”,此处live与a rough number of 50,000 or more构成主动关系，用现在分词作宾补。故填living. 5. hunting 考查非谓语动词。句意：到20世纪70年代初，经过殖民者几个世纪残酷而持续的狩猎，北落基山脉的600到800只灰熊只剩下它们原来活动范围的2%。空处作介词of的宾语，用动名词形式hunting。故填hunting。 6. were listed 考查时态语态。句意1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》。主语grizlies与谓语list构成被动关系，根据上文in 1975可知为一般过去时的被动语态，be动词应用were。故填were listed。 7. successful 考查形容词。句意 它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。空处作表语，用形容词successful。故填successful。 8. to be hunted 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。allow sb./sth.to do sth.是固定短语，意为“允许某人/某物做某事”,且them和hunt之间是被动关系，应用不定式的被动形式to be hunted。故填to be hunted。 9. Obviously 考查副词。句意：显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊会变得很麻烦，有时会杀死农场动物，或者在院子里寻找食物。修饰后文句子用副词obviously,意为“显然”,句首单词首字母大写。故填Obviously。 10. where 考查定语从句。句意：管理米苏拉市内及周边地区熊类的资深生物学家詹姆斯·琼克尔说：“我们的希望是拥有一个干净、没有吸引物的地方，熊可以在不养成坏习惯的情况下经过这里。”空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词place,先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 相同主题重现 体会主题奥秘 第1篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球野火情况日益恶化，欧盟的生命景观火灾项目(LLFP)采用控制燃烧和让山羊吃草等综合方法来预防野火，且成效显著。 1. B 题型：细节理解题 根据第二段中"It involves a combination of controlled fires and hungry goats grazing(吃草)to reduce plant cover that can dry up in summer and fuel the rapid spread of fires.(它包括控制燃烧和让饥饿的山羊吃草相结合，以减少夏季可能干涸并助长火势迅速蔓延的植被覆盖)”可知，LLFP采用了包括控制燃烧和让饥饿的山羊吃草相结合的综合方法。故选B项。 2. D 题型：词句猜测题 根据划线词所在句中"The experimental project pays shepherds(牧羊人)to guide their goats to areas where they want the plant cover reduced,and they also build shelters and watering areas to attract free grazers to the desired spots.(这个实验项目付钱给牧羊人，让他们把山羊带到他们希望减少植被覆盖的地区，他们还建造庇护所和饮水区，以吸引自由放牧的动物到他们想要的地方)”中“guide their goats to areas where they want the plant cover reduced”可推知，他们想要把山羊引导到需要减少植被覆盖的地区，所以“the desired spots”指的是“需要减少植被覆盖的地区”。故选D项。 3. B 题型：主旨大意题 根据第三段中”'Last September we had a wildfire with extreme behavior that burned almost everything in its path.But our parcels managed to keep green.A video from Mota showed that one half of the mountain was black and burned and the other green,the parts which controlled fires and hungry goats had made unlikely to burn.'We believe this proves that,when scaled up from a pilot project to a full solution,it works' he added.(去年9月，我们经历了一场极端行为的野火，几乎烧毁了所到之处的一切。但我们的区域设法保持了绿色。 莫塔提供的一段视频显示，山的一半是黑色的，被烧毁了，另一半是绿色的，这是控制燃烧和饥饿的山羊使火势难以蔓延的部分。他补充说：“我们相信这证明了，当从试点项目扩大到全面解决方案时，它是有效的。’)”可知，该段主要通过举例来说明LLFP的有效性。故选B项。 4. C 题型：推理判断题 根据最后一段中"The sound of goat bells rings out as the goats move peacefully on their way,offering hope in a region directly in the path of climate chaos.(当山羊平静地前行时，山羊铃铛的声音响起，为一个直接受气候混乱影响的地区带来了希望)”可知，段中想要传达的信息是，用山羊来减少植被覆盖，为野火预防带来了希望。故选C项。 第2篇 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了印度南部村庄Rayanpet面临的气候变化对农业的影响以及农民和农业研究机构采取的应对措施。 1. B 题型：细节理解题 根据第三段中"To overcome it,agricultural research organizations in India have been working for years to engineer rice seeds that can survive in a changing climate and produce more grain with less water.For the past five years,Reddy has been experimenting with new kinds of rice across part of his 10-hectare field.(为了克服这一问题，印度的农业研究机构多年来一直在培育能够在气候变化中存活、用更少的水生产更多粮食的水稻种子。在过去的五年里，Reddy一直在他10公顷土地的一部分上试验新品种的水稻)”可知，P.Reddy试验新品种水稻是为了适应气候变化。故选B项。 2. D 题型：细节理解题 根据第四段中"Besides,the dangers to rice include saltier groundwater,heavy rainfall over short periods,long periods of drought and increasing nighttime temperatures.(此外，水稻面临的危险包括地下水含盐量增加、短时间内的暴雨、长时间的干旱以及夜间气温升高)”可知，地下水中盐分含量增加威胁着印度的农业。故选D项。 3. C 题型：细节理解题 根据最后一段中Reddy的话”If the government can ensure we get good prices for our crops after harvest,I think that would help farmers like us a great deal.(如果政府能确保我们收获后庄稼能卖个好价钱，我认为这对像我们这样的农民会有很大帮助)”可知，Reddy期望农民的庄稼能获得好的回报。故选C项。 4. B 题型：推理判断题 通读全文，结合第一段"Unpredictable rains and increasing heat are making life more difficult for the people of Rayanpet,a village in southern India.The conditions are also damaging the rice crops grown there.(不可预测的降雨和不断升高的气温让印度南部村庄Rayanpet的人们生活更加艰难。这种情况也正在破坏那里种植的水稻作物)”和第三段中"To overcome it,agricultural research organizations in India have been working for years to engineer rice seeds that can survive in a changing climate and produce more grain with less water.For the past five years,Reddy has been experimenting with new kinds of rice across part of his10-hectare field.(为了克服这一问题，印度的农业研究机构多年来一直在培育能够在气候变化中存活、用更少的水生产更多粮食的水稻种子。在过去的五年里，Reddy一直在他10公顷土地的一部分上试验新品种的水稻)”可知，文章详细介绍了印度农民面临的气候变化带来的挑战，特别关注了农业研究机构和Reddy在适应气候变化方面的经验和努力，这种写作风格是典型的专题故事(A feature story)。故选B项。 第3篇 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宠物疗法的意义以及相关应用案例。 1. B 题型：推理判断题 根据第一段"Pet therapy,a kind of animal-assisted emotional support to those with various mental health issues,dates as far back as the 1600s.It particularly benefits children by providing company,support,and non-judgmental companionship.The animals used in pet therapy vary,with dogs and cats being the most common.Today,the services offered by pet therapy organizations are diverse.(宠物疗法是一种动物辅助的情感支持，可以追溯到17世纪。它通过提供陪伴、支持和不加评判的陪伴，尤其对孩子有益。宠物治疗中使用的动物多种多样，狗和猫是最常见的。如今，宠物治疗机构提供的服务多种多样。)”可知，第一段的目的是介绍宠物治疗的话题。故选B。 2. B 题型：词句猜测题 根据划线词后文"The ones that can handle alarms going off,people running around,just any crazy situation(那些能够应对警报响起、人们跑来跑去、任何疯狂情况的动物》”可知，这些动物能够应对警报响起、人们跑来跑去、任何疯狂情况，说明能够保持平静。故划线词意思是“平静的”。故选B。 3. C 题型：细节理解题 根据倒数第二段"Jasmine ended up being a lifelong source of comfort and social interaction.The boy is now a young adult and the partnership he had with Jasmine never disappeared.(贾斯敏最终成为了我一生的安慰和社交来源。这个男孩现在已经成年，他和贾斯敏的伙伴关系从未消失。)”可知，贾斯敏帮助那个严重残疾的男孩建立情感联系。故选C。 4. D 题型：细节理解题 根据最后一段"Peddle insists therapy animals naturally support kids,sensing their needs.She said,"You can't train it into them.(佩德尔坚持认为，治疗动物会自然地支持孩子，感知他们的需求。)”可知，Peddle认为宠物疗法是依靠自然本能。故选D。 第4篇 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了天文学家发现了一颗名为2024 YR4的小行星，其直径约40-90米，目前正远离地球，预计2028年再次接近。科学家正密切监视其轨道，认为其撞击地球的可能性极低。 1. A 题型：细节理解题 根据第二段中"Nearly the size of a football field,the asteroid's movements will be closely watched by astronomers and other experts including NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory,who have calculated the current risk of the asteroid connecting with Earth as around one and a half per cent(1.6 per cent).(几乎有一个足球场那么大的小行星，其运动将受到天文学家和其他专家的密切监视，包括美国宇航局喷气推进实验室的专家，他们计算出这颗小行星与地球相撞的当前风险约为1.6%)”及“Let's pay a lot of attention and observe it as much as we can(我们要做的是密切关注并尽可能多地进行观测它)”可知，天文学家将对这颗小行星进行严密监测。故选A项。 2. D 题型：推理判断题 根据第三段“"For now,it's getting away from Earth quickly—its next close pass won’t come until 2028.(目前，它正在迅速远离地球——下一次近距离经过地球要到2028年)”可知，这颗小行星将于几年后再次路过地球附近。故选D项。 3. D 题型：推理判断题 根据第四段"By contrast,2024 YR4 is closer to an asteroid that struck Earth more than a century ago. (相比之下，2024YR4更接近于一个多世纪前撞击地球的小行星)”第五段 "The 1908 Tunguska Event,when an asteroid or comet fragment(彗星碎片)measuring 30—50m exploded over Siberia, flattened about 80 million trees across 2,000km sq(1908年的通古斯事件中，一颗直径为30到50米的小行星或彗星碎片在西伯利亚上空爆炸，摧毁了约8000万棵树，覆盖面积达2000平方公里)”可推测，假如这颗小行星万一撞击地球，结果类似1908年的撞击，大片面积将遭受巨大损失。故选D项。 4. A 题型：主旨大意题 根据第一段“A rare find in space has drawn the attention of scientists across the globe.The newly identified asteroid is nearly the size of a football field and was first spotted on December 27,2024,by the EI Sauce Observatory in Chile,which was named '2024YR4′(一项罕见的太空发现吸引了全球科学家的关注。这颗新发现的小行星几乎有一个足球场那么大，于2024年12月27日首次被智利的埃尔索斯天文台发现，并被命名为‘2024YR4′)”并纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了天文学家发现一颗新的小行星，它有可能靠近地球，科学家们正在对其进行密切监测。故选A项。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年度高三英语总复习系列题型专项复习 「Unit 1 阅读理解题型训练」 「Section H 人与自然 相关题型训练-训练2」 经典题目精读 把握最佳练习 第一次阅读：完成题目，按照考试节奏 2023年全国甲卷 英语高考真题 Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche — we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear. “Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more, they’re increasingly being sighted by humans. The western half of the US was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the US. Their recovery has been so successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed. Obviously, if precautions (预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,” says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula. 1. How do Americans look at grizzlies? A．They cause mixed feelings in people. B．They should be kept in national parks. C．They are of high scientific value. D．They are a symbol of American culture. 2. What has helped the increase of the grizzly population? A．The European settlers’ behavior. B．The expansion of bears’ range. C．The protection by law since 1975. D．The support of Native Americans. 3. What has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from delisting grizzlies? A．The opposition of conservation groups. B．The successful comeback of grizzlies. C．The voice of the biologists. D．The local farmers’ advocates. 4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Food should be provided for grizzlies. B．People can live in harmony with grizzlies. C．A special path should be built for grizzlies. D．Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies. 第二次阅读：识记单词，掌握英语基础 1. psyche n. 精神；心灵 例句：Grizzly bears... occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche — we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams. 翻译：灰熊……占据着美国人心灵中一个矛盾的角落——即使它们让我们做可怕的梦，我们也敬畏它们。 2. revere v. 敬畏；崇敬 例句：we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams. 翻译：即使它们让我们做可怕的梦，我们也敬畏它们。 3. range n. 活动范围 例句：Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range. 翻译：灰熊正在重新占据它们以前活动范围的大片区域。 4. rough adj. 粗略的；大致的 例句：with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. 翻译：大约有 5 万或更多（灰熊）与美洲原住民一起生活。 5. continuous adj. 持续的；连续的 例句：after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers. 翻译：经过定居者几个世纪残酷且持续的捕猎之后。 6. settler n. 定居者；移民 例句：after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers. 翻译：经过定居者几个世纪残酷且持续的捕猎之后。 7. mere adj. 仅仅；只不过 例句：600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. 翻译：仅在落基山脉北部它们以前活动范围的 2% 区域内，还剩下 600 到 800 只灰熊。 8. endangered adj. 濒危的 例句：In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. 翻译：1975 年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法案》。 9. species n. 物种 例句：In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. 翻译：1975 年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法案》。 10. recovery n. 恢复；康复 例句：Their recovery has been so successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies. 翻译：它们的恢复如此成功，以至于美国鱼类及野生动物管理局曾两次试图将灰熊从（濒危物种）清单中移除。 11. delist v. 从清单中移除 例句：the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies. 翻译：美国鱼类及野生动物管理局曾两次试图将灰熊从（濒危物种）清单中移除。 12. loosen v. 放宽；放松 例句：which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. 翻译：这会放宽法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。 13. overturn v. 推翻；撤销 例句：Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. 翻译：这两次尝试都因环保组织的诉讼而被推翻。 14. lawsuit n. 诉讼；官司 例句：Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. 翻译：这两次尝试都因环保组织的诉讼而被推翻。 15. precaution n. 预防措施 例句：Obviously, if precautions aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome. 翻译：显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊可能会变得麻烦。 第三次阅读：精读文章，寻觅佳句好句 1. 非限制性定语从句 + 破折号解释结构 Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche — we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams. 语法分析 （1）主干结构：Grizzly bears occupy a conflicted corner. （2）复合修饰： “which may grow... and weigh...” 为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 “Grizzly bears”，关系代词 which 在从句中作主语，包含两个并列谓语（grow 和 weigh）； 破折号后 “we revere them even as...” 为解释说明部分，其中 “even as” 引导让步状语从句，强化 “敬畏与恐惧并存” 的矛盾心理； 2. so...that 结果状语从句 + 非限制性定语从句 Their recovery has been so successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. 语法分析 （1）主干结构：Their recovery has been so successful that...（so...that 引导结果状语从句） （2）嵌套从句： 结果状语从句中，“has twice attempted to delist” 用现在完成时，强调动作对现在的影响； “which would loosen... and allow...” 为非限制性定语从句，修饰前文 “delist grizzlies” 这一行为，关系代词 which 在从句中作主语，包含两个并列谓语（loosen 和 allow）； 3. 应用文好句积累与背诵（适用于环保型等题材） “Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range — proof that wildlife conservation, when sustained with effort, can reverse the damage of human activity.” “灰熊正重新占据它们曾经的大片栖息地 —— 这证明，只要持续付出努力，野生动物保护就能逆转人类活动造成的破坏。” 用于 “人与自然和谐共生” 主题，如：“As the grizzly case shows, from 600 to 2,000 individuals in decades proves conservation is not a dream but a practice. When we protect their range, they reward us with recovery.”（“如灰熊案例所示，数十年间从 600 只到 2000 只的增长证明，保护并非空想而是实践。当我们守护它们的栖息地，它们便以恢复作为回报”）； 结尾段升华：“Let’s take the grizzly as a lesson: every effort to protect wildlife writes a story of coexistence.” 4. 读后续写好句积累与背诵（适用于环保型等题材） “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits — a model for balancing human needs and wildlife safety.” “我们希望有一个干净、无诱惑物的地方，让熊可以穿行而不会养成坏习惯 —— 这是平衡人类需求与野生动物安全的典范。” 用于主角解决人与动物冲突的场景，如：“Inspired by this idea, the villagers cleared food waste from the forest path and put up warning signs, soon seeing grizzlies pass through peacefully — proof that coexistence needs mutual respect.”（“受此启发，村民们清理了林间小道的食物垃圾并竖起警示牌，很快就看到灰熊平静穿行 —— 证明共存需要相互尊重”）； 素材句迁移时可替换核心名词（如 “grizzly bears”→“red pandas”“tigers”），保留 “保护措施→物种恢复→和谐共生” 的逻辑链。 第四次阅读：短文填词，检验语法情况 Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a 1. ___________ (conflict) corner of the American psyche — we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear. “Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of 2. ___________ (they) former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more, they’re increasingly 3. ___________ (sight) by humans. The western half of the US was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more 4. ___________ (live) alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous 5. ___________ (hunt) by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies 6. ___________ (list) under the Endangered Species Act. Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the US. Their recovery has been so 7. ___________ (success) that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them 8. ___________ (hunt). Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed. 9. ___________ (obvious), if precautions aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place 10. ___________ bears can pass through without learning bad habits,” says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula. 相同主题重现 体会主题奥秘 1. 2025年广东佛山模拟 Wildfires are getting worse across the world. Twenty-one years of satellite data shows severe fires have more than doubled in frequency since 2003 and the six most extreme years since records began have come since 2017, causing more deaths and destruction. One European Union (EU) pilot program, the Life Landscape Fire Project (LLFP), is now using hungry mountain goats to prevent wildfires before they start. It involves a combination of controlled fires and hungry goats grazing (吃草) to reduce plant cover that can dry up in summer and fuel the rapid spread of fires. Controlled fires help burn older plants that goats don’t eat, allowing fresh green vegetation to grow which grazers like goats and cows do eat. The experimental project pays shepherds (牧羊人) to guide their goats to areas where they want the plant cover reduced, and they also build shelters and watering areas to attract free grazers to the desired spots. That’s how mountain goats and cows become mobile fire prevention units. LLFP director Andre Mota oversees this EU-funded project. “We are in one of the most affected regions by wildfires, historically speaking,” said Mota. “Last September we had a wildfire with extreme behavior that burned almost everything in its path. But our parcels managed to keep green.” A video from Mota showed that one half of the mountain was black and burned and the other green, the parts which controlled fires and hungry goats had made unlikely to burn. “We believe this proves that, when scaled up from a pilot project to a full solution, it works,” he added. The sound of goat bells rings out as the goats move peacefully on their way, offering hope in a region directly in the path of climate chaos. 1. What do we know about the LLFP? A．It protects mountain goats. B．It employs integrated methods. C．It has been conducted across Europe. D．It wins shepherds’ unconditional support. 2. What does the underlined words “the desired spots” refer to? A．Free grazers’ favorite destinations. B．Places far from shepherds’ activities. C．Spots with abundant water resources. D．Areas in need of vegetation reduction. 3. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The influence of wildfires. B．The effectiveness of the LLFP. C．The challenges faced by the LLFP. D．The importance of preventing fires. 4. What message is conveyed in the last paragraph? A．Goats stand as a symbol of peace. B．Goats ring the alarm for quick action. C．Goats provide hope for wildfire prevention. D．Goats offer an ideal solution to climate change. 2. 2025年山西省模拟 Unpredictable rains and increasing heat are making life more difficult for the people of Rayanpet, a village in southern India. The conditions are also damaging the rice crops grown there. P. Reddy started farming on his family’s land 16 years ago. His family used to know when it would rain and for how long, which meant they used to know when to plant. However, it has become so unpredictable, for sometimes there is too much rain and sometimes there is no rain at all. To overcome it, agricultural research organizations in India have been working for years to engineer rice seeds that can survive in a changing climate and produce more grain with less water. For the past five years, Reddy has been experimenting with new kinds of rice across part of his 10-hectare field. He also grows some of the older kinds because there is a demand for them. He hopes that people will use these tougher seeds in a few years. India is one of the world’s largest producers and consumers of wheat and rice. India has nearly 120 million farmers, most of whom have less than two hectares of land. Unpredictable rainfall, rising temperatures and increased pest problems all threaten their ability to grow food. Besides, the dangers to rice include saltier groundwater, heavy rainfall over short periods, long periods of drought and increasing nighttime temperatures. Some farmers are turning to methods of natural farming to deal with climate change, which leads to a fall in the yields. India is also urging the use of climate-adaptable seeds that result in better yields. Now, in Rayanpet village, Reddy is preparing to plant rice seeds for the winter season in a few weeks. “It is good to keep trying new seeds, as after some time all of them will have some issues or the other,” Reddy said. “If the government can ensure we get good prices for our crops after harvest, I think that would help farmers like us a great deal.” 1. Why has P. Reddy been experimenting with new kinds of rice? A．To meet the demand for rice. B．To adapt to the change of climate. C．To overcome the lack of water. D．To replace and supplement the old variety. 2. Which of the following threatens farming in India? A．Long periods of heavy rainfall. B．Unpredictable nighttime temperatures. C．Rising demand for killing pests. D．Increasing salt content in groundwater. 3. What’s Reddy’s expectation? A．Farming on his family’s land. B．New seeds becoming popular worldwide. C．Farmers getting good reward for their crops. D．Getting government’s support for his experiment. 4. Where is this text probably taken from? A．An advertisement. B．A feature story. C．A science report. D．A book review. 3. 2025年海南海口模拟 Pet therapy, a kind of animal-assisted emotional support to those with various mental health issues, dates as far back as the 1600s. It particularly benefits children by providing company, support, and non-judgmental companionship. The animals used in pet therapy vary, with dogs and cats being the most common. Today, the services offered by pet therapy organizations are diverse. Therapeutic Paws of Canada (TPOC), a non-profit organization has been offering pet therapy for over 20 years, having gathered over 600 volunteers and their pets. The programs offered by TPOC require pets to have an additional certification besides the basic one for working with adults and seniors. TPOC’s Vice Chair, Michele Peddle, explains that the evaluation the animals require in order to work with children is a completely different test. The cats and dogs have to be “bomb-proof”. As Peddle puts it, “The ones that can handle alarms going off, people running around, just any crazy situation: They are bomb-proof animals.” Peddle recalls a case where his dog, Jasmine, worked closely with a boy with severe disabilities. Peddle would bring Jasmine to this boy’s school on a regular basis. In addition to the joy he experienced when seeing Jasmine, the dog’s presence encouraged the boy’s classmates to interact with and spend more time with him. Jasmine ended up being a lifelong source of comfort and social interaction. The boy is now a young adult and the partnership he had with Jasmine never disappeared. Peddle insists therapy animals naturally support kids, sensing their needs. She said, "You can’t train it into them. They either get it or they don’t.” 1. What the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To explain the benefits of pet therapy. B．To introduce the topic of pet therapy. C．To describe the history of pet therapy. D．To stress the importance of pet therapy. 2. What does “bomb-proof” in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．Intelligent. B．Calm. C．Trained. D．Persistent. 3. What did Jasmine help the boy with severe disabilities? A．Improve physical abilities. B．Develop his interests in animals. C．Build emotional connections. D．Enhance academic performance. 4. What does Peddle think of therapy animals? A．They are highly sensitive. B．They only work for kids. C．They require special training. D．They rely on natural instincts. 4. 2025年河北张家口模拟 A rare find in space has drawn the attention of scientists across the globe. The newly identified asteroid(小行星)is nearly the size of a football field and was first spotted on December 27,2024, by the El Sauce Observatory in Chile, which was named “2024 YR4”. Based on its brightness, astronomers estimate that the asteroid is between 40—90m wide. Nearly the size of a football field, the asteroid’s movements will be closely watched by astronomers and other experts including NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, who have calculated the current risk of the asteroid connecting with Earth as around one and a half per cent(1.6 per cent). “At this point, it’s ‘Let’s pay a lot of attention and observe it as much as we can,’” The Planetary Society chief scientist Dr Bruce Betts told AFP. As 2024 YR4 continues its oval-shaped(椭圆形的), four-year orbit, it will swing through the inner planets before shooting past Mars and out toward Jupiter. For now, it’s getting away from Earth quickly—its next close pass won’t come until 2028. “The probability is very good that not only will this not hit Earth, but at some point in the next months to few years, that probability will go to zero,” said Dr Betts. The best known asteroid impact occurred 66 million years ago, when a nearly-10km-wide space rock caused a global winter, wiping out the dinosaurs and 75 per cent of all species. By contrast, 2024 YR4 is closer to an asteroid that struck Earth more than a century ago. The 1908 Tunguska Event, when an asteroid or comet fragment(彗星碎片)measuring 30—50m exploded over Siberia, flattened about 80 million trees across 2,000 km sq. That fragment blew up in the sky rather than leaving a large hole in the ground, and 2024 YR4 would be expected to do the same. “We can calculate the energy... using the mass and the speed,” Dr Betts said. 1. What will astronomers do to 2024 YR4? A．Observe it closely. B．Calculate its orbit. C．Measure its size. D．Do experiments with it. 2. What can we infer about 2024 YR4 from Paragraph 3? A．It’s oval in shape. B．It travels around inner planets. C．It will hit Earth one day. D．It’ll pass Earth again in a few years. 3. What would happen if 2024 YR4 should hit Earth? A．Most species would be wiped out. B．A large hole would be left behind. C．The earth would become extremely hot. D．Vast areas of land would suffer. 4. What can be the best title of this text? A．A New Asteroid Was Found and Watched B．The Earth Might Be Hit by an Asteroid C．An Asteroid Will Change Earth’s History D．Scientists Keep Track of Multiple Asteroids 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$