Unit 5 Launching Your Career 一轮复习检测-2026届高三英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

XB4U5 知识总复习 I. 单词 1. v. (使)弹起n.弹性;弹跳 29. n.运河;灌溉渠 2. n.天资;天赋 30. v.主管:指导;监督 3. n.设想;方案;预测 31. n.书法;书写;笔迹 4. n.律师 32. n.磁盘;盘 5. v.组装;装配v.收集;聚集;集合 33. n.停车位:停车 6. n.抽屉 34. n.油煎的食物v.油炸 7. n.债务;欠款 35. n.钱包;皮夹子 8. v.分类(加以归类) 36. v.缝制;缝;做针线活 9. n.简介;概述;侧面轮廓v.概述 37. v.编织;针织n.针织衫 10. n.参与者;参加者 38. n.毛;毛线;毛料 11. n.代码;密码v.编码 39. adj.中级的;中等的 12. v.使适应;使面对:确定方向 40. n.优先事项;首要的事 13. n.侦探;警探 41. n.熟练;娴熟;精通 14. n.图表;图形adj.绘画的;图案的 42. n.笼子 15. n.庄园;住宅区:工业区 43. n.资金;财政v.提供资金 16. n.会计:会计师 44. n.收据;接收 17. n.密探;间谍v.从事间谋活动;发现 45. n.合格证书;证明 18. n.公平;公正;合理 46. n.雇主;老板 19. vt.控告;控诉;谴责 47. n.沙漠;荒漠 20. adj.贪婪的;贪心的 48. vt.获得;购得 21. n.创业者;企业家 49. breast 22. n.接待员 50. hydrogen 23. n. (求职用的)覆历;简历 51. radium 24. adj.社会主义的n.社会主义者 52. wrist 25. adj.共产主义的n.共产主义者 53. bridegroom 26. v.献给 54. geometry 27. n.狐狸;狡猾的人 55. camel 28. n.委员会:市政服务机构 56. collar II. 短语/词块 1. 指控某人有罪 8. 语言水平证书 2. 得出结论 9. 一口流利的英语 3. 致力于…；献身于… 10. 精通某事 4. 关怀；照料；处理 11. 蹦来蹦去，弹来弹去 5. 暗中监视; 窥探; 刺探 12. 恢复健康; 重整旗鼓 6. 优先考虑 13. 对…有天赋 7. 当务之急 14. 起步前的优势 III. 单词变形 1. law n. 法律→_________n. 律师 2. categorise vt.把……分类(加以归类)→_________n. (人或事物的)类别；种类 3. participate v. 参加；参与→_________n. 参与者；参加者→_________n. 参加；参与 4. detect vt.查明；发现→_________n. 侦探；警探→_________n. 侦查；察觉 5. account vi.视为；认为是n.账户；解释→_________n. 会计；会计师 6. greed n. 贪婪；贪心→_________adj.贪婪的；贪心的→_________adv.贪婪地；贪心地 7. dedicate vt.把……奉献给→_________adj.专用的；专心致志的；献身的 8. prior adj.优先的；在先的；在前的→_________n. 优先事项；首要的事；优先 9. proficient adj.熟练的；精通的n. 精通；专家；能手→_________n. 熟练；娴熟；精通 10. finance n. 资金；财政；金融vt.提供资金→_________adj.金融的；财政的，财务的 11. desert n. 沙漠；荒漠→_________adj.荒芜的；被遗弃的；无人居住的 12. acquire vt.获得；购得→_________n. 取得；学得；才能；成就 IV. 单句填空 1. She _________ _________ _________ _________ solving complex math problems. 她擅长解决复杂的数学问题。 2. The _________ argued convincingly in favor of his client. 律师为其客户做了有力的辩护。 3. All _________ were given a survey questionnaire to fill out. 所有参与者都收到了一份调查问卷。 4. We need to _________ all the pieces of the puzzle before we can solve it. 我们需要把所有拼图碎片拼凑起来，才能解决这个谜题。 5. He's still trying to pay off his student _________. 他还在努力偿还学生贷款。 6. The basketball _________ _________ the rim and into the net. 篮球从篮筐边缘反弹入网。 7. We need to _________ these books by genre. 我们需要按类型对这些书籍进行分类。 8. The compass helped us _________ ourselves in the forest. 指南针帮助我们在森林里确定方向。 9. The _________ gathered evidence to solve the murder case. 侦探收集证据来破获谋杀案。 10. The _________ _________ agent showed us several houses in the area. 房地产经纪人给我们看了这个地区的几栋房子。 11. He earned a _________ for completing the course. 他完成了课程并获得了一张证书。 12. She _________ a new skill by taking a cooking class. 她通过参加烹饪课学到了一项新技能。 13. The _________ prepared the financial statements for the company. 会计师为公司准备了财务报表。 14. The court will ensure that _________ is done. 法院将确保正义得到伸张。 15. He _________ his colleague _________ stealing his ideas. 他指责同事偷了他的想法。 16. The _________ gathered intelligence about the enemy's plans. 间谍收集了关于敌人计划的情报。 17. The _________ CEO stole millions from the company. 贪婪的首席执行官从公司偷走了数百万。 18. She _________ _________ _________ _________ helping others. 她一生致力于帮助他人。 19. The supervisor _________ the workers as they assembled the product. 监督员在工人们组装产品时进行了监督。 20. He's at an _________ level of French. 他的法语水平处于中级。 21. Our _________ is to complete the project on time. 我们的首要任务是按时完成项目。 22. Education is a _________ _________. 教育是当务之急。 23. The _________ launched a new startup company. 企业家创办了一家新的初创公司。 24. He sent out his _________ to several job openings. 他向几个职位空缺投出了简历。 25. She has a high _________ _________ Spanish. 她的西班牙语水平很高。 V. 课文填空 WORKING OUT WHAT YOU WANT TO DO As an adult, one of the first questions you are asked when meeting someone new is, “What do you do?” This is because your career is a very important part of who you are. The career you have 1._______________(定义你的生活), and so taking time to think about it is an essential exercise for young people. The best time to start thinking about possible careers is while you are still at school, before you make any choices about your further education. This, however, is not always easy. Some people know what they want to do from a young age, but many others just have a few ideas 2._______________(想法来回横跳) in their heads. One of the most effective ways to 3._____________________(深入了解) a possible career path is to complete a “career aptitude test”. The results of the test will tell you about your strengths and interests, and some tests also suggest careers that you may 4.______________(适合). Having this information will provide you with a better chance of finding a job you like. There are many free tests online, so give one a try. 5.___________________(获得起跑线优势) in considering your future career may help you for the rest of your life. You don’t want to look back in years to come and say, “I wish I had thought more about what I really wanted to do.” There are many different kinds of career aptitude tests. Some ask questions about your personal interests and attitudes. Others focus more on asking you to rate different kinds of work scenarios, like 6.____________(担任/作为) a librarian or a lawyer. Of course, while completing these sorts of tests, it is very important to be honest—and don’t worry—there are no right or wrong answers. Career Aptitude Test example Page 1 of 10 · How do you feel about the work tasks below? · Assemble a chest of drawers · Drive an ambulance · Help develop a cure for breast cancer  · Analyze the elements hydrogen and radium  · Design a new range of wrist accessories  · Design clothes for brides and bridegrooms · Teach children geometry  · Help and advise people in serious debt · Manage a hair and nail shop  · Provide investment advice · Check and edit education materials · Categorize employee profiles One popular test asks the participants to 7.____________________(给他们的偏好打分) for 8._______________(各种各样的) work tasks. Their answers are then analyzed and divided up between six different types of work personalities. The participants then given a chart showing their score for each type of work personality. The top three scores are used to make a code that indicates the participant’s overall work personality. This code is then used to 9.____________________________(生成职业建议清单). Your test results are below. Your work personality code is A-I-R.  R：10.____________(动手的，实际操作的), active, technical I：Observant, intellectual A：Creative, imaginative, original S：Helpful, people-oriented, responsible E：Persuasive, confident C：Organized, detail-oriented The career suggestions are also based on your education and experience level, but you can look at higher-level careers as well, which is very useful for high school students. For example, you could look at the basic careers to see what work you might like now, and then look at the more advanced careers so you know what you may like to aim for in the future. This is a great tool to help plan your career and let you know what targets you need to reach to get there. 11._______________(总之), career aptitude tests are clearly a very useful tool. However, it is important to remember that they are only meant for guidance. 12.______________(……的秘诀) a good career is finding something that you 13.___________________(热衷于). So try a few tests online and start thinking about your future career right now! 佳句背诵 1. Some people know what they want to do from a young age，but many others just have a few ideas bouncing around in their heads.有些人从小就知道自己想做什么，但也有许多人只是脑子里蹦蹦跳跳着一些想法。 2. Getting a head start in considering your future career may help you for the rest of your life.在考虑你未来的职业生涯时抢先一步可能会对你的余生有所帮助。 3. The secret to a good career is finding something that you are passionate about.好职业的秘诀是找到你热爱的东西。 VI. 话题语篇泛读 The secret to career success may well be off to the side The case for being more like a crab THE CONVENTIONAL language of career success moves in only one direction: up. You scale the career ladder or climb the greasy pole. If you do well, you have a rapid ascent. And if you really succeed, you reach the top. No one ever rings home to share the news that they have reached a plateau. But there is another type of career trajectory. Sideways moves, to jobs that don’t involve a promotion or even necessarily a pay rise, can be a boon to employees and organisations alike. A study carried out by Donald Sull of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and his co-authors in 2021 found that the availability of lateral career opportunities has a marked impact on employee retention. Their research found that chances to move sideways were two and a half times more important than pay as a predictor of workers’ willingness to stay at a firm. Another paper, by Xin Jin of the University of South Florida and Michael Waldman of Cornell University, concluded that lateral moves did not just benefit organisations: employees who experienced them were more likely to be promoted and to enjoy higher wage growth later in their careers than employees who did not. You can move up by first moving sideways. Lateral moves and good management seem to go hand in hand. A recent paper by Virginia Minni of the Institute for Fiscal Studies, a British think-tank, looked at job moves within a big multinational over a period of ten years. She found that the arrival of a high-flying boss (who had got the job early in their career) was associated with a jump in intra-company transfers, both horizontal and vertical, among employees. Better bosses seem to be good at sorting people into roles that suit them. This process again results in higher pay over time for employees who move sideways; it is also associated with higher profits. The crab-like career has other things going for it beyond better matches between people and jobs. One is that it is a good way to learn new things. As hiring processes increasingly emphasize skills, recruiters are likely to put comparatively less emphasis on CVs and comparatively more weight on what you know. Messrs Jin and Waldman reason that the higher echelons of companies tend to be populated by people whose capabilities are broad, not deep; that may explain why lateral moves are good for promotion prospects. Along with skills come contacts: transferring between teams usually means building a bigger internal network. Lateral moves can also be a wonderful cure for boredom. There is nothing to fear in a bit of tedium, but people will do almost anything to avoid it in large doses. In an experiment by Chantal Nederkoorn of Maastricht University and her co-authors, participants were asked to watch dull, sad and neutral film clips and given the ability to self-administer electric shocks as they did so. Those watching monotonous films shocked themselves more often and at greater intensity. (Films by Wes Anderson were presumably too dangerous to be shown for this reason.) This need for stimulation pervades the workplace. Surveys consistently show that great chunks of the workforce find their jobs tedious. Stephan Meier of Columbia Business School, who is writing a book on employee-centric organisations, reckons that one big source of motivation for workers is having “just right tasks” that are within their capabilities but stretch them in new ways. Promotions offer fresh challenges but you can also easily get stuck waiting for a vacancy to open up above you. Looking to the side affords more options. Opening the door to more lateral moves is partly a practical matter. Some bigger employers have “internal talent marketplaces” in which employees can find and apply for jobs elsewhere in the company; smaller firms have fewer such opportunities to offer. But participating in a side-project is another way for workers to shake things up and learn new skills.In a poll of American workers for Colorado State University Global, almost half said that they would feel more motivated if they were part of a new process or project. Embracing sideways movement also requires the right attitude. Lots of managers like to hoard talent, at the expense of workers and firms. And moving horizontally still has less cachet than moving upwards. It would help if career success had a different vocabulary: across or out, say, or the meteoric scuttle. 关于职业成功的传统说法只有一个方向：向上晋升。你要么攀登职业梯子，要么抓住那根滑腻的杆子向上爬。如果你工作表现出色，你就会迅速晋升。如果你真的成功了，你就到达了顶峰。但没有人会打电话回家分享自己已经到顶的消息。但还有另一种职业轨迹。横向调动，即不涉及晋升甚至不一定加薪的职位，这对员工和组织来说都是一种福音。2021年，麻省理工学院的唐纳德·苏尔和他的合著者进行了一项研究，结果发现横向职业机会对员工留存率具有显著影响。他们的研究发现，在预测员工是否愿意留在一家公司时，横向调动机会的重要性是薪酬的2.5倍。南佛罗里达大学的辛金和康奈尔大学的迈克尔·沃尔德曼撰写的另一篇论文得出的结论是，横向调动不仅对组织有利：而且经历过横向调动的员工在职业生涯后期更有可能获得晋升和享受更高的工资增长。相比之下，那些没有经历过横向调动的员工则不然。因此，先横向调动，再向上晋升，也是一种可行的职业发展路径。 横向调动和优秀的管理似乎总是相伴而行。英国智库财政研究所的弗吉尼亚·米妮最近发表了一项论文，她研究了一家大型跨国公司在10年间的职位变动情况。她发现，一位成功的领导者（在职业生涯早期就获得高位）的上任，与员工在公司内部横向和纵向调动的增加密切相关。优秀的领导者似乎擅长将员工分配到适合的岗位上。随着时间的推移，这一过程又会使横向调动的员工获得更高的薪酬；同时也与公司更高的利润呈相关关系。 螃蟹式横向调动除了能更好地实现人职匹配外，还有其他一些优点。其中一项优势在于，这是学习新事物的好方法。由于招聘过程越来越注重技能，招聘人员可能会相对减少对简历的重视，而更加看重应聘者所掌握的知识。金和沃尔德曼认为，公司高层往往由全面发展型人才而非专精深人才组成，这或许解释了为什么横向调动有利于未来晋升。同时，随着技能的积累，也能带来人脉的拓展：团队间转岗通常意味着建立更广泛的内部人脉网络。 横向调动也是消除无聊的良药。适度的无聊并不可怕，但如果无聊感过重，人们会不惜一切代价去消除无聊。在马斯特里赫特大学的尚塔尔·内德科恩及她的合著者进行的一项实验中，研究人员让参与者观看乏味、悲伤和中性的电影片段，同时允许他们自行给自己施加电击。结果发现，观看单调电影片段的参与者会更频繁、更强烈地给自己施加电击。（出于这个原因，韦斯·安德森的电影不适合在这项实验中播放。） 这种对刺激的需求在职场中普遍存在。多项调查一致表明，大量员工认为自己的工作乏味无聊。哥伦比亚商学院的史蒂芬·迈耶正在撰写一本关于以员工为中心的商业书，他认为，激励员工的一个重要因素是安排做“恰到好处的工作任务”，这些任务既在他们的能力范围之内，又能以新的方式拓展他们的能力。晋升确实可以带来新的挑战，但人们也容易陷入等待更高职位空缺的困境。相比之下，横向调动则提供了更多的选择。 要实现更多的横向调动，某种程度上是一个实际操作问题。一些大型企业设有“内部人才市场”，员工可以在其中寻找并申请公司内其他职位；而小公司则很少有这样的机会。但是，参与副项目也是员工改变现状、学习新技能的另一种方式。在科罗拉多州立大学对美国员工进行的调查中，近一半的人表示，如果他们参与新的流程或项目，他们会感到更有动力。 接受横向调动还需要正确的态度。许多管理者喜欢囤积人才，但这种做法往往会牺牲员工和公司的利益。而且，横向调动仍然不如向上晋升那样受到推崇。如果职业成功用不同的词汇来描述，那就有助于改变这一现状，别样词汇如“跨界”或“向外拓展”，甚至是“飞速跨越”。 答案 I. 单词 1. 1. bounce 2. aptitude 3. scenario 4. lawyer 5. assemble 6. drawer 7. debt 8. categorise 9. profile 10. participant 11. code 12. orient 13. detective 14. graphic 15. estate 16. accountant 17. spy 18. justice 19. accuse 20. greedy 21. entrepreneur 22. receptionist 23. resume 24. socialist 25. communist 26. dedicate 27. fox 28. council 29. canal 30. supervise 31. handwriting 32. disk 33. parking 34. fry 35. purse 36. sew 37. knit 38. wool 39. intermediate 40. priority 41. proficiency 42. cage 43. finance 44. receipt 45. certificate 46. employer 47. desert 48. acquire 49. n.乳房;胸部 50. n.氢;氢气 51. n.镭 52. n.手腕;腕关节 53. n.新郎 54. n.几何学 55. n.骆驼 56. n.颈圈;衣领 II. 短语 1. 2. accuse sb of (doing) sth 3. come to/draw/reach a conclusion 4. dedicate oneself/one’s life to sth/to doing sth 5. attend to 6. spy on 7. give priority to 8. a top priority 9. a certificate of language proficiency 10. a high level of oral proficiency in English 11. be proficient in sth. 12. bounce around 13. bounce back 14. have an aptitude for... 15. head start 16. III. 单词变形 1. 2. lawyer 3. category 4. participant participation 5. detective detection 6. accountant 7. greedy greedily 8. dedicated 9. priority 10. proficiency 11. financial 12. deserted 13. acquirement   IV. 单句填空 1. 1. has an aptitude for 2. lawyer 3. participants 4. assemble 5. debt 6. bounced off 7. categorize 8. orient 9. detective 10. real estate 11. certificate 12. acquired 13. accountant 14. justice 15. accused…of… 16. spy 17. greedy 18. dedicated her life to 19. supervised 20. intermediate 21. priority 22. top priority 23. entrepreneur 24. resume 25. proficiency in V. 课文填空 1. 2. defines your life 3. bouncing around 4. get some insight on 5. be suited to 6. Getting a head start 7. working as 8. grade their preferences 9. a variety of 10. generate a list of career suggestions 11. Hands on 12. In conclusion 13. The secret to 14. are passionate about 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$