专题 J816 Unit 1 Friendship 阅读表达（任务型阅读）-【题型易-必考题型精练】2025-2026学年八年级上册英语单元话题中心题型梯度训练 月考突破 题型特训（译林版2024）

单元话题·梯度训练 专题J816阅读与表达 单元话题中心 题型特训 Unit 1 Friendship 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 内 容 提 要 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 – 10 二、 进阶提升 Passage 11 -15 Passage 1 阅读短文，然后根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。 Peter is always taking, never giving, so he doesn’t have many friends. One day, Peter told Bill, “I’d like to organize a party on Saturday. I’d like you to come to the party.” “Thank you, Peter. I’d be happy to come,” said Bill. “I think you should bring your violin. You are good at playing the violin. I’m sure everyone hopes you can play it at the party.” That was how Peter began to plan his party. Next he asked another friend, Betty, to bring a cake. Peter invited a few other friends to come to his party. He doesn’t forget to ask something from them. He even asked Jack if he could have the party at his house! Jack agreed. They had a great time at the party. However, when the guests were leaving, they said “Thank you” to Bill, Betty, Jack, and others for their hard work. To Peter, they just said, “Thank you for the invitation.” 1．When was the party? 2．What did Bill play at the party? 3．Who brought a cake to the party? 4．Where did Peter have the party? 5．Did the guests thank Peter for his hard work? 【答案】1．On Saturday. 2．He played the violin at the party. 3．Betty. 4．At Jack’s house. 5．No, they didn’t. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过彼得邀请朋友参加派对的这个故事揭示了他为什么没有朋友。 1．根据第二段“One day, Peter told Bill, ‘I’d like to organize a party on Saturday. I’d like you to come to the party.’”可知，彼得的生日派对是在周六。故填On Saturday. 2．根据第三段“‘Thank you, Peter. I’d be happy to come,’ said Bill.”和第四段“I think you should bring your violin.”可知，彼得要比尔带小提琴，据此可以推断比尔在派对上演奏了小提琴。故填He played the violin at the party. 3．根据第五段“Next he asked another friend, Betty, to bring a cake.”可知，彼得让贝蒂带一个蛋糕。故填Betty. 4．根据第五段“He even asked Jack if he could have the party at his house! Jack agreed.”可知，彼得的生日派对是在杰克家里举行的。故填At Jack’s house. 5．根据最后一段“To Peter, they just said, ‘Thank you for the invitation.’”可知，他们只是感谢彼得的邀请，并没有感谢彼得的辛勤工作。故填No, they didn’t. Passage 2 Read the passage and answer the questions. A lot of people want others to be their friends. At the same time, some people don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendship doesn’t last very long. To have a friend, you have to be a friend. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest, be generous, be understanding. Honesty is necessary and it’s also the first step to start the good friendship. Friends must trust each other. If you don’t tell the truth, people will usually find it out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust To be generous, you have to learn how to share things you enjoy. You needn’t share your money or favourite clothes. You can share your ideas and feelings. By chatting about the ideas and feelings, you can make your friend know you well. Everyone needs understanding when they meet problems. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem with the friend can make it easier. Understanding each other can be a good way of solving the problem. To be a friend, you must learn to listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place, and then you can under- stand the problem better. 1. Why doesn’t some friendship last very long? 2. What’s the first step to start the good friendship? 3. How can you make your friend know you well? 4. What can be a good way to solve the problem? 5. What else can you do to keep the good friendship except the rules in the passage? 【答案】1. Because some people don’t give friendship back. 2. Honesty. 3. By chatting about the ideas and feelings. 4. Understanding each other. 5. We can help each other. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了三种建立友谊的规则。 1. 根据“At the same time, some people don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendship doesn’t last very long.”可知，因为有些人不会回报友谊，所以有些友谊不会持续很久。故填Because some people don’t give friendship back. 2. 根据“Honesty is necessary and it’s also the first step to start the good friendship.”可知，建立良好的友谊的第一步是诚实。故填Honesty. 3. 根据“By chatting about the ideas and feelings, you can make your friend know you well.”可知，通过谈论想法和感受可以让朋友很好地了解你。故填By chatting about the ideas and feelings. 4. 根据“Understanding each other can be a good way of solving the problem.”可知，相互理解是解决问题的一个好方法。故填Understanding each other. 5. 开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为We can help each other. Passage 3 Friendship comes before competition (比赛). It’s easy to say but hard to do. However, 11-year-old Jerome, a boy from Australia, did it and set us a good example. Jerome was good at running. In all the races he took part in, he was always the first. But last November, after giving up winning a school race, the boy won hearts of thousands of people. In the race, kind Jerome ran back to help his good friend Seth stand up after he fell down. And then he walked with him and let him cross the finishing line first. Seth, ten years old, had cerebral palsy (脑瘫). After he moved to the school last year, he got lots of problems. His teacher Mrs. Taylor asked Jerome to help him with things like going to the toilet (厕所) and showing him around. The two boys soon became good friends. Because of his illness, Seth had a big head. Some students laughed at him. Jerome usually stopped them. Seth’s father thanked Jerome for looking after his son. He said to Jerome. “You are such a good kid.” The two boys’ story spread (传播) quickly after Jerome’s mother Susan shared it on the Internet. “These boys didn’t win, but they are champions (冠军).” said the mother. 1. What did Jerome do well in? 2. What did Jerome do after seeing Seth fall down? 3. When did Seth move to Jerome’s school? 4. What did Seth look like because of his illness? 5. Why did Seth’s father thank Jerome? 【答案】1. Running. 2. He ran back to help Seth stand up. 3. Last year. 4. He had a big head. 5. Because Jerome looked after his son/Seth. 【导语】本文主要介绍了Jerome在一次学校的跑步比赛中，放弃夺冠机会停下来扶起摔倒的好友Seth，并共同完成了比赛的故事。 1. 根据“Jerome was good at running.”可知，Jerome擅长跑步。故填Running. 2. 根据“In the race, kind Jerome ran back to help his good friend Seth stand up after he fell down.”可知，Jerome看到Seth摔倒后跑回来帮助他站起来。故填He ran back to help Seth stand up. 3. 根据“After he moved to the school last year ... His teacher Mrs. Taylor asked Jerome to help him ...”可知，Seth是去年搬到Jerome学校的。故填Last year. 4. 根据“Because of his illness, Seth had a big head.”可知，因为脑瘫Seth的头很大。故填He had a big head. 5. 根据“Seth’s father thanked Jerome for looking after his son.”可知，Seth的父亲感谢Jerome照顾自己的儿子。故填Because Jerome looked after his son/Seth. Passage 4 Friends are very important in my life. I’m Alice. As a girl, my best friend is also a girl. Her name is Lisa and she is one year older than me. When I first met her, I was five. Now we’re in the same class. Lisa is a beautiful girl with blue eyes. And she is taller than any other girl in our class. We both like basketball. But Lisa plays much better than me. Her dream is to become a basketball player. I think her dream will come true one day. Lisa is a very kind girl. I’ll never forget last October when I was ill (生病) and felt very sad. Lisa went to see me every day and told jokes to make me laugh. Thanks to her, I got better soon. There’s no secrets (秘密) between Lisa and me. When we have something to talk with each other, we often go to the small park near our school. We can talk about everything here. To me, Lisa is not only a good friend but also a good teacher. I’m so lucky to have a friend like her. 1. How old was Alice when she first met Lisa? 2. Is Lisa taller than Alice? 3. What does Lisa hope to be? 4. When was Alice ill? 5. Where do Lisa and Alice often talk about their secrets? 【答案】1. Five./ She was five. /5. 2. Yes. /Yes, she is. 3. A basketball player./ Lisa hopes to be a basketball player. /To be a basketball player. /A player. 4. Last October. 5. In the small park (near their school). /Near their school. /They talk about their secrets in the small park. 【导语】本文介绍了Alice和她的朋友Lisa的故事。 1. 根据“When I first met her, I was five.”可知，爱丽丝五岁的时候遇见了丽莎。故填Five./ She was five. /5. 2. 根据“Now we’re in the same class. … And she is taller than any other girl in our class.”可知，丽莎比爱丽丝高。故填Yes. /Yes, she is. 3. 根据“Her dream is to become a basketball player.”可知，丽莎想成为一名篮球运动员。故填A basketball player./ Lisa hopes to be a basketball player. /To be a basketball player. /A player. 4. 根据“I’ll never forget last October when I was ill (生病) and felt very sad.”可知，爱丽丝去年10月生的病。故填Last October. 5. 根据“When we have something to talk with each other, we often go to the small park near our school.”可知，她们经常在学校附近的小公园谈她们的小秘密。故填In the small park (near their school). /Near their school. /They talk about their secrets in the small park. Passage 5 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 Friendship knows no borders (国界). Brynn Castle, an American student made friends with a Chinese student named Zhang Xinyi on her exchange (交流) trip to China. Here is their story. In April 2024, Castle came to China with some American students. They reached Beijing first, and then traveled to Hebei. Before leaving. Castle visited Zhang’s home. “It is interesting to see a Chinese home. There are some differences between their house and my home,” Castle said. “In my home, we have lots of decorations (装饰品). But Chinese people like to put family photos in their living room. And most of their decorations are red. They think the color can bring them good luck.” “Zhang’s family are friendly. Before going to their house, they showed me around their neighborhood and then took me to a restaurant for lunch,” Castle said. When they got to Zhang’s home, Castle told many interesting stories to Zhang. The two girls found they shared a lot of interests and had so much to talk about. As they said goodbye late in the night, Zhang gave a Chinese history book to Castle as a gift. She hoped it could help Castle know more about China. 1. When did Castle take the exchange trip to China? 2. What do Chinese people like to put in their living room? 3. Why do Chinese people like red decorations? 4. What gift did Zhang give Castle when she was leaving? 5. Do you want to have an exchange trip to other countries? Why or why not? 【答案】1. In April 2024. 2. Family photos. 3. Because they think the color can bring them good luck. 4. A Chinese history book. 5. Yes. Because it would be a great opportunity to experience different cultures, meet new people, and learn new languages. 【导语】本文主要讲述了美国学生Castle和中国的学生张欣怡成为朋友的故事。 1. 根据第二段“In April 2024, Castle came to China with some American students.”可知，2024年4月，Castle和一些美国学生来到中国。故填In April 2024. 2. 根据第三段“But Chinese people like to put family photos in their living room.”可知，中国人喜欢在客厅里放全家福。故填Family photos. 3. 根据第三段“And most of their decorations are red. They think the color can bring them good luck.”可知，他们认为红色可以给他们带来好运。故填Because they think the color can bring them good luck. 4. 根据最后一段“As they said goodbye late in the night, Zhang gave a Chinese history book to Castle as a gift.”可知，张送给Castle一本中国历史书作为礼物。故填A Chinese history book. 5. 开放性提问，言之有理即可。故填Yes. Because it would be a great opportunity to experience different cultures, meet new people, and learn new languages. Passage 6 阅读短文，根据短文内容简要回答问题。 Fiona was a popular girl at school. She was smart and fun. From an early age, she tried to be kind and friendly to everyone. She invited (邀请) all her classmates to her birthday party. She gave gifts to everybody. She was very busy because she had so many friends to spend every day with. She felt very lucky. But everything changed (改变)on National Friendship Day. On that day, at school, everyone had to give three gifts to their three best friends. Fiona enjoyed choosing three from all her friends. However, after giving three gifts, Fiona didn’t get one! Even Lily, a girl who always played with her every day, didn’t give her a gift. When she got home that night, Fiona told her mother what had happened. Her mother touched her head tenderly (温柔地) and said, “You can’t buy friends with a smile or a few good words. For most of your classmates, you’re only a playmate (玩伴). If you really want true friends, you should really care about your friends.” That night, in bed, Fiona thought about her mother’s words. Then she thought that her mother always helped her and stayed with her at anytime. Until that moment, Fiona knew the meaning (意思) of a true friend. 1. Who did Fiona invite to her birthday party? 2. Why was Fiona very busy? 3. Did Fiona get gifts on National Friendship Day? 4. What should people do if they want true friends? 5. What did Fiona know after talking with her mother? 【答案】1. All her classmates. 2. Because she had so many friends to spend every day with. 3. No. 4. They should really care about their friends. 5. She knew the meaning of a true friend. 【导语】本文主要讲了Fiona交友广泛，却在友谊日礼物中明白，真朋友是互相理解和陪伴。 1. 根据“She invited (邀请) all her classmates to her birthday party.”可知，Fiona邀请了所有的同学来参加她的生日派对。故填All her classmates. 2. 根据“She was very busy because she had so many friends to spend every day with.”可知，Fiona每天都很忙因为她有很多朋友一起度过时间。故填Because she had so many friends to spend every day with. 3. 根据“However, after giving three gifts, Fiona didn’t get one!”可知，Fiona在友情日没有收到任何礼物。故填No. 4. 根据“If you really want true friends, you should really care about your friends.”可知，如果想要真正的朋友，就应该真正关心朋友。故填They should really care about their friends. 5. 根据“Until that moment, Fiona knew the meaning (意思) of a true friend.”可知，Fiona通过和母亲的谈话明白了真正朋友的意义。故填She knew the meaning of a true friend. Passage 7 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。 I went to see one of my friends. A car hit (撞) her two days ago. I only saw her grandmother in her room when I arrived at the hospital. Her grandmother came from Russia, but her English was good enough for her to talk with others. I told the grandmother that I was the girl’s friend. And we talked about her health. “She always looked around before crossing the road. But the driver drove too fast... And the doctor said she was not good...” The grandmother could say nothing more. I could see that she was afraid. I went around the bed and hugged (拥抱) her. She did the same to me. After five minutes, she looked at me. I said that I would do everything I could to help her. I also told her that she could call me at any time, day or night. She thanked me and hugged me again. She was very happy about my coming. What is friendship? It has nothing to do with money. It is very easy. It could come from a hug, a call and so on. You know, even a small giving can help a lot. Real Friends CareReal friends care That much I know any difficulty They help you through any difficulty And when someone you love must go I knew when I met you That you were the one Who would help me through everything And make my pain done 1. What happened (发生) to the writer’s friend? 2. Why did her friend’s grandmother thank her? 3. What does the underlined word ”It” in the last paragraph refer to? (最后一段画线“it”指什么?) 4. What does the writer think of friendship? 5. What do you think a real friend cares about? You must have a real friend. What do you often do together? 【答案】1. A car hit her two days ago. 2. Because she said/ told her that she would do everything she could to help her. 3. Friendship. /It refers to friendship. 4. She thinks friendship has nothing to do with money and it is very easy. 5. I think a real friend cares about they can help you through any difficulty. We often do homework together. 【导语】本文介绍作者的好朋友出车祸，作者去看望的故事。 1. 根据“I went to see one of my friends. A car hit her two days ago.”可知作者的朋友被车撞了。故填A car hit her two days ago. 2. 根据“After five minutes, she looked at me. I said that I would do everything I could to help her. I also told her that she could call me at any time, day or night. She thanked me and hugged me again.”可知朋友的奶奶感谢作者是因为作者说会做一切来帮助她。故填Because she said/ told her that she would do everything she could to help her. 3. 根据“What is friendship? It has nothing to do with money. It is very easy.”可知It指代上文提到的“友谊”。故填Friendship. /It refers to friendship. 4. 根据“What is friendship? It has nothing to do with money. It is very easy.”可知作者认为友谊与钱无关，很简单。故填She thinks friendship has nothing to do with money and it is very easy. 5. 开放性试题，回答合理即可。故填I think a real friend cares about they can help you through any difficulty. We often do homework together. Passage 8 根据材料内容简要回答下列问题。 Find and Keep Your Friendship（友谊） Every one of us rich or poor, should at least have one or two good friends. Your friends will listen to you when you speak, will take care of you when you are sick, and will be together with you in your journey through life. Everyone needs friends. Friendship can make us happier. How can we find a good friend and get on well with each other? Here is some advice. ●Make friends with a person who is easy to get along with. ●You should make friends with a person who has something in common with you. ●Give your friend a hand when he or she is in trouble. Friends should always be ready to help each other. ●Believe in each other. This is the most important thing in a friendship. ●Even the best friends may have a quarrel sometimes. If this happens, don’t let your quarrel last too long. Try to make up with your friends soon. ●Friendship is a kind of treasure in our life. It is like a bottle of wine. The longer it is kept, the better it will be. 1. The number of the friends he or she should at least have 2. The reason why we need friends 3. The thing you should do when your friends are in trouble 4. The most important thing in a friendship is 5. List two ideas about what the friendship is like in your mind （no more than 10 words each） 【答案】1. one or two good friends. 2. Friendship can make us happier. 3. give them a hand./ always be ready to help them. 4. believe in each other. 5. The friendship is like a bottle of wine./It is like the beautiful flowers./It is like the tea.（答案不唯一） 【导语】本文主要是告诉我们如何才能找到一个好朋友，彼此相处融洽。 1. 根据“Every one of us rich or poor, should at least have one or two good friends.”可知，我们每个人应该至少有一两个好朋友。故填one or two good friends。 2. 根据“Everyone needs friends. Friendship can make us happier.”可知，每个人都需要朋友，因为友谊可以让我们更快乐。故填Friendship can make us happier. 3. 根据“Give your friend a hand when he or she is in trouble. Friends should always be ready to help each other.”可知，当你的朋友遇到困难时，给予他/她帮助，朋友应该时刻准备着互相帮助。故填give them a hand./ always be ready to help them. 4. 根据“Believe in each other. This is the most important thing in a friendship.”可知，友谊中最重要的事情是相信彼此。故填believe in each other. 5. 答案不唯一，言之有理即可。参考答案：The friendship is like a bottle of wine./It is like the beautiful flowers./It is like the tea. Passage 9 When we meet new people, we don’t begin by telling them our life story. We start with small talk, like traffic or weather. People make small talk just about anywhere, but there are certain places where it is very common. Most often, small talk happens in places where people are waiting for something. People with many different relationships use small talk. The most common type of people to use small talk are those who do not know each other at all. Though we often teach children not to talk to strangers, adults are expected to say at least a few words in certain situations. Small talk can start new friendship. When we begin conversations with new people, we use small talk to find common interests. Small talk even helps people get a job. So, how can you make small talk lead to a new friendship or job? First of all, choose something around you that you share with the other person. Next, keep the conversations going. Compliment (赞美) the other person to make him or her feel comfortable, and ask questions to show interest. Third, talking to strangers is not an easy thing for shy people. But with more practice, small talk does get easier. Some people think things like traffic or weather are just too small. However, small talk is anything but small. In fact, it is actually a big deal! 1. Where does small talk happen most often? 2. What type of people use small talk most common? 3. What advantages (好处) can small talk bring you? 4. About making small talk, how many pieces of advice did the writer give you? 5. How do you keep the small talk going? 【答案】1. In places where people are waiting for something. 2. Those who do not know each other at all. 3. Small talk can start new friendship and even helps people get a job. 4. Three. 5. Compliment the other person to make him or her feel comfortable, and ask questions to show interest. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了什么是闲聊，以及闲聊的好处和关于闲聊的一些建议。 1. 根据第一段“Most often, small talk happens in places where people are waiting for something.”可知闲聊最常发生在人们等待某事的地方。故填In places where people are waiting for something. 2. 根据第一段“The most common type of people to use small talk are those who do not know each other at all.”可知最常用闲聊的人是那些彼此根本不认识的人。故填Those who do not know each other at all. 3. 根据第二段“Small talk can start new friendship.”和“Small talk even helps people get a job.”可知闲聊的好处是可以开始一段新的友谊，甚至能帮助人们找到工作。故填Small talk can start new friendship and even helps people get a job. 4. 根据第三段“First of all, choose something around you that you share with the other person. Next, keep the conversations going. Compliment (赞美) the other person to make him or her feel comfortable, and ask questions to show interest. Third, talking to strangers is not an easy thing for shy people. But with more practice, small talk does get easier.”可知作者给出了三条关于闲聊的建议。故填Three. 5. 根据第三段“Next, keep the conversations going. Compliment (赞美) the other person to make him or her feel comfortable, and ask questions to show interest.”可知，可以通过赞美对方使他感到舒服并问问题以表示感兴趣的方式来保持闲聊的进行。故填Compliment the other person to make him or her feel comfortable, and ask questions to show interest. Passage 10 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。      Friends are very important in everyone’s life because friends are always there when we need them. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.   My friendship with Sue started 30 years ago with a snake. A few months after I moved into an apartment, my next-door neighbor (邻居), shouted to me, asking for help with a snake sleeping near her apartment.   I made the snake run away and made a new friend. Soon Sue invited me over for dinner or left home-made food at my door. When I went to my beach house, Sue helped look after my pet and water my plants. And when she wasn’t home, I did the same for her. When she traveled, she’d remember to bring me wonderful gifts, but her smile (微笑) is always the greatest gift of all.   In 1997, I had a lovely child and Sue looked after me and him. Years later, I returned the favour (回报). I helped out when her husband was in hospital, staying with her and talking about and sharing everything with her.   Unluckily, in 2019 the pandemic (疫情) happened. My husband lost his work and my son couldn’t be back home because of the virus (病毒). I was worried about them and I didn’t know how to fight the pandemic. But Sue appeared in time. She helped my family to prepare for the pandemic and shared food with me. Without her, I couldn’t go through difficult times. I was the luckiest one in the world.   A wall might separate (阻隔) our apartments and masks (口罩) can separate the viruses, but nothing is able to separate our hearts. 1. When did the writer make friends with Sue? 2. Please list (列举) tow things the writer helped Sue out. 3. Why did the writer think she was the luckiest one in the world? 4. Do you want to make a friend like Sue? And why? 5. What can you learn from the story? 【答案】1. The writer made friends with Sue 30 years ago./The friendship with Sue started 30 years ago./30 years ago. 2. ① The writer helped Sue to make the snake run away. ② The writer helped to look after Sue’s house (her pet, water plants) when she wasn’t at home. ③ The writer helped Sue out when her husband was in hospital(, staying with her and talking about and sharing everything with her). 3. The writer had a true friend. Sue helped her to go through the difficult times. 4. Yes, because she is friendly/kind/helpful/… 5. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart./True friends should help each other./A friend in need is a friend indeed. /… 【导语】本文作者主要讲述了自己和朋友Sue30年的友谊。 1. 根据“My friendship with Sue started 30 years ago with a snake.”可知，他们的友谊始于30年前。故填The writer made friends with Sue 30 years ago./The friendship with Sue started 30 years ago./30 years ago. 2. 根据“I made the snake run away and made a new friend.”、“When I went to my beach house, Sue helped look after my pet and water my plants. And when she wasn’t home, I did the same for her.”以及“I helped out when her husband was in hospital, staying with her and talking about and sharing everything with her.”可知，作家帮助苏赶走了那条蛇；作者在苏不在家时帮忙照看她的房子；作者在苏的丈夫住院时帮助她度过了难关。故填① The writer helped Sue to make the snake run away. ② The writer helped to look after Sue’s house (her pet, water plants) when she wasn’t at home. ③ The writer helped Sue out when her husband was in hospital(, staying with her and talking about and sharing everything with her). 3. 根据“Without her, I couldn’t go through difficult times. I was the luckiest one in the world.”可知，这位作者有一个真正的朋友。苏帮助她度过了困难时期。故填The writer had a true friend. Sue helped her to go through the difficult times. 4. 根据“She helped my family to prepare for the pandemic and shared food with me.”可知，Sue是一个非常有帮助的朋友。故填Yes, because she is friendly/kind/helpful/…（言之有理即可，答案不唯一。） 5. 根据“A wall might separate (阻隔) our apartments and masks (口罩) can separate the viruses, but nothing is able to separate our hearts.”以及结合全文可知，本文作者主要讲述了自己和朋友Sue30年的友谊。因此学到了：一个真正的朋友会向你伸出手，触动你的心。故填A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart./True friends should help each other./A friend in need is a friend indeed. /…（言之有理即可，答案不唯一。） Passage 11 阅读下面短文，简略回答所提出的问题。 It’s difficult when you have no good friends around—maybe because you have moved to a different school or a different class or you’re sick at home. You may feel lonely without friends. You want to have new friends. But how to make them? How do you start? How do you get along with people? Here are five ways to help you to do these. Greet (问候) people Greet people and hope that they have a good day—at any time of the day. It doesn’t hurt (伤害) any people. It also makes people think you’re friendly. Share Take something to eat in your bag. Ask if people would like to have some, and at the same time give it to them. Help people Simple actions, like helping other people carry something or opening a door can show your kindness. Smile Perhaps smiling is the easiest way to introduce (介绍) yourself. There’s a great reason why it takes fewer muscles (肌肉) to smile than to cry. Nature just wishes us to smile more. Respect (尊敬) others The world’s full of differences. So learning to respect others is important. It is the only way that other people will respect you. 1. How may we feel without a friend? 2. How many ways does the article give us to help us make new friends? 3. What does the writer advise (建议) us to take in our bag? 4. Which takes more muscles, smiling or crying? 5. What does the underlined (划线的) word “It” in the last sentence refer to (指的是)? 【答案】1. We may feel lonely. 2. Five. 3. Something to eat. 4. Crying. 5. Learning to respect others/Respecting others. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了五种与人相处成为朋友的方法。 1. 根据“You may feel lonely without friends.”可知，没有朋友你可能会感到孤独，故填We may feel lonely. 2. 根据“Here are five ways to help you to do these.”可知，介绍了五种方法，故填Five. 3. 根据“Take something to eat in your bag.”可知，在你的包里放点吃的。故填Something to eat. 4. 根据“There’s a great reason why it takes fewer muscles (肌肉) to smile than to cry.”可知，微笑比哭泣需要更少的肌肉，故填Crying. 5. 根据“So learning to respect others is important. It is the only way that other people will respect you.”可知，所以学会尊重他人是很重要的，这是别人尊重你的唯一方式。此处It指的是“（学会）尊重他人”，故填Learning to respect others/Respecting others. Passage 12 Do you want to make friends with others? Please remember to keep your words all the time. In this way, people around you will get along well with you. To make friends and keep them, you have to keep your words. If you agree to meet someone at a certain time, you should arrive at the place on time or a little earlier. If you agree to help others, you must do it. Of course if there is something unexpected (没有预料到的) happening and you can’t do what you have agreed to do, your friends will understand that. He is always lying or making excuses for breaking his words. Would you like to have him as one of your best friends? You wouldn’t. And your own friends feel the same way. So, be more careful when you have to agree to do something for your friends. Don’t have “Maybe” in your mind when you say something about what you are going to do. 1. What does the underlined phrase “keep your words” mean in Chinese? 2. To make friends, what is important? 3. What does “that” mean in Paragraph 2? 4. Who can be your best friend? 5. In your opinion, what is the best title for the passage? 【答案】1. 说话算话/遵守你的诺言/信守诺言 2. Keeping words./Keeping your words./To keep your words./You have to keep words. 3. Something unexpected happening and you can’t do what you have agreed to do. 4. A friend who can keep his or her words all the time. 5. Keeping Words 【导语】本文介绍了交朋友最重要的是要信守承诺。 1. 短语“keep your words”指的是“说话算话/遵守你的诺言/信守诺言”，故填：说话算话/遵守你的诺言/信守诺言。 2. 根据“To make friends and keep them, you have to keep your words.”可知，要交朋友并保持友谊，你必须遵守诺言，故填Keeping words./Keeping your words./To keep your words./You have to keep words. 3. 根据“Of course if there is something unexpected (没有预料到的) happening and you can’t do what you have agreed to do, your friends will understand that.”可知，如果有意想不到的事情发生，你做不了你答应了要做的事，你的朋友会理解的，“that”指的是“发生了意想不到的事情，你做不了你已经同意了要去做的事”，故填Something unexpected happening and you can’t do what you have agreed to do. 4. 根据“He is always lying or making excuses for breaking his words. Would you like to have him as one of your best friends? You wouldn’t. And your own friends feel the same way.”及对整个文章的理解可知，一个说话算话的朋友会成为最好的朋友，故填A friend who can keep his or her words all the time. 5. 根据整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍交朋友最重要的是要信守承诺，故填Keeping Words。 Passage 13 阅读回答问题。( no more than 6 words ) My grandma is a gentle old lady. Like many women of her time, she has a talent for sewing（缝纫）. She made all my childhood clothes on her own. As a young girl，rather than playing outside with my friends, I liked staying with my grandmother to help her sew. I was so interested in getting the thread（线）through the eyes of the needle（针）. Later, instead of making clothes, my grandmother would sew gloves or insoles（鞋垫）for me. She cannot be with me all the time, but the love passed by her needle and thread warms me. It was my grandma who sparked my enthusiasm（热情）for sewing and taught me how to show love and care. Almost a year ago, I was trying to give a birthday present to my friend. Then, I thought, “ Why don’t I sew her a gift?” I decided to make her a pencil case. I cut out the pattern（图案）from my old skirt, drew a design and started sewing. It took me many days to finish it. The final result wasn’t as pretty as I imagined. But it was the best pencil case that I could make. Just yesterday, my friend called me and said that every time she sees the pencil case, she thinks of me and the warm feeling. Sewing is a fantastic art form that can convey（传达）our love and care. （选自《初中英语阅读》八年级上册） 1. Who made the writer’s childhood clothes? 2. What did the writer like better, playing with her friends or helping her grandmother sewing? 3. Why did the writer sew a pencil case for her friend? 4. How long did it take the writer to make the pencil case? 5. What can sewing convey according to writer’s opinion? 【答案】1. Her grandmother. 2. Helping her grandmother sew. 3. To give her a birthday present. 4. Many days. 5. Our love and care./Love and care. 【分析】本文介绍了作者小时候喜欢和奶奶一起缝衣服，奶奶对缝纫的热爱也教会了作者表达爱和关心。一次朋友生日，她为朋友送了一个缝制的铅笔盒，朋友告诉她，一看到铅笔盒就会想到作者和那种温暖的感觉。 1. 根据“Like many women of her time, she has a talent for sewing（缝纫）. She made all my childhood clothes on her own.”可知，作者的衣服是奶奶做的。故填Her grandmother. 2. 根据“As a young girl, rather than playing outside with my friends, I liked staying with my grandmother to help her sew.”可知，作者喜欢帮祖母缝纫。故填Helping her grandmother sew. 3. 根据“Almost a year ago, I was trying to give a birthday present to my friend. Then, I thought, “ Why don’t I sew her a gift?” I decided to make her a pencil case.”可知，作者想给她一份生日礼物。故填To give her a birthday present. 4. 根据“It took me many days to finish it.”可知，作者花了很多天才完成。故填Many days. 5. 根据“Sewing is a fantastic art form that can convey（传达）our love and care.”可知，缝纫是一种奇妙的艺术形式，可以传达我们的爱和关怀。故填Our love and care./Love and care. Passage 14 Charlotte’s Web（《夏洛特的网》）is a popular American children’s book about the friendship between a pig named Wilbur and a spider named Charlotte. The writer, E. B．White, shows that a real friend will help you even though he or she has nothing to get from doing so. In the book, Charlotte is always helping Wilbur. She spins (吐) words into her web to save Wilbur’s life, even though spinning the words is tiring and difficult for her. Charlotte is a true friend. She helps Wilbur for only one reason—she cares about him. Templeton, the rat, on the other hand, is not a real friend to Wilbur. Templeton only helps others when there is something in it for him. When he is asked to help save Wilbur’s life, he says “no” at first. Later on, he agrees to help, but only because he wants to keep eating Wilbur’s meals. At the end of the book, Wilbur learns the true meaning of the friendship. He helps Charlotte to save her babies. He does this not for other reasons, but because he cares about his friend. Reading this book lets me know how important it is to help others. Being a good friend means being there when you are needed. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1. Who is the writer of Charlotte’s Web? ___________________________________________________________________ 2. What does Charlotte do to save Wilbur’s life? ___________________________________________________________________ 3. Why does Charlotte help Wilbur? ___________________________________________________________________ 4. Does Templeton agree to help Wilbur at first? ___________________________________________________________________ 5. What does Wilbur learn at the end of the book? ___________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1. E.B. White. 2. She spins words into her web. 3. Because she cares about him. 4. No, he doesn’t. 5. He learns the true meaning of friendship. 【分析】本文介绍了儿童读物《夏洛特的网》的主要内容，作者并进一步阐述了对友谊的理解。 1. 根据“The writer, E. B. White”可知，《夏洛特的网》的作者是E. B. White。故填E.B. White. 2. 根据“She spins words into her web to save Wilbur’s life”可知，Charlotte吐丝织网来拯救Wilbur的生命。故填She spins words into her web. 3. 根据“She helps Wilbur for only one reason—she cares about him.”可知，因为Charlotte关心Wilbur，所以才帮助他。故填Because she cares about him. 4. 根据“When he is asked to help save Wilbur’s life, he says ‘no’ at first.”可知，Templeton起初并没有同意帮助Wilbur。故填No, he doesn’t. 5. 根据“At the end of the book, Wilbur learns the true meaning of the friendship.”可知，在书的最后，Wilbur明白了友谊的真正含义。故填He learns the true meaning of friendship. Passage 15 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答下列问题。 One afternoon, Marilla told Anne she could invite Diana over for tea. She could have some fruitcake, some jam, and some of the raspberry cordial in the cupboard. Anne ran down the road to Diana’s house to ask her to tea. Diana came in her second-best dress. She poured herself a glass of cordial and drank it. “That’s very nice raspberry cordial, Anne,” she said. “I’m happy you like it. Take as much as you want.” And so Diana had two more glasses of cordial. Suddenly, she turned pale. “I’m sick,” she said, “I must go home.” And she left Green Gables and ran all the way home. On Monday, Anne went to see if Diana was feeling better. She soon ran back home with tears rolling down her cheeks. “What has happened, Anne?” asked Marilla, “Mrs. Barry says that I sent Diana home drunk on Saturday. She says she’s never, ever going to let Diana play with me again!” Marilla went to the cupboard and then came back to the kitchen with a bottle of wine, trying not to smile. “Anne, you gave Diana wine instead of raspberry cordial. Didn’t you know the difference?” “I never tasted it,” said Anne. “But Mrs. Barry will never believe me. And now I’ll never be able to play with Diana again!” One evening, Anne was at home doing her homework. Matthew was home, too. Suddenly, Anne looked up and saw Diana standing at the door. She looked very worried. “What is the matter, Diana?” cried Anne. “Oh, Anne, do come quick,” said Diana nervously. “Minnie May is very sick. Father and Mother are away in town and there’s nobody to go for the doctor.” Matthew quietly got his cap and coat and went for the doctor. The two little girls ran to Diana’s house hand in hand. Minnie May was Diana’s three-year-old sister. She was very sick. Anne saw her and immediately went to work. She had looked after many children before and knew what to do. “First we must have lots of hot water. Put the fire on. I’m going to give her some medicine.” Minnie May did not like the medicine, but Anne did not give up. All night, Diana and Anne stayed with Minnie May. It was three o’clock when Matthew came with the doctor. But by then, Minnie May was sleeping. Anne explained to the doctor what she had done. He was very impressed. Later on, he told Mr. and Mrs. Barry, “That little red-headed girl is very smart. She saved that baby’s life.” The next day, Mr. and Mrs. Barry invited Anne come for a lovely dinner. They all said wonderful things about her, and she felt very special. (—from Anne of Green Gables) 1. What did Anne think she was giving Diana to drink? 2. Why did Mrs. Barry become angry with Anne? 3. What did Anne do that changed Mrs. Barry’s mind about her? 4. Why did Anne feel special when they all said wonderful things about her? 5. According to this story, what do you think of Anne? 【答案】1. The raspberry cordial. 2. Because Mrs. Barry thought Anne made Diana drunk. 3. She saved her daughter. 4. Because she won their trust and she can play with Diana again. 5. She is very careful/helpful/brave/warm-hearted/kind. 【导语】本文讲述了Anne在失去Barry太太的信任后，偶然机会下，用自己的聪明才智及果敢救了Barry太太的女儿，再次赢得了他们的信任。 1. 根据“She could have some fruitcake, some jam, and some of the raspberry cordial in the cupboard.”可知，Anne认为Diana可以吃些水果蛋糕、果酱，喝橱柜里的覆盆子果汁饮料。故填The raspberry cordial. 2. 根据“Mrs. Barry says that I sent Diana home drunk on Saturday.”可知，Barry太太认为Anne在周六让Diana喝醉酒，并把她送回家，因此她对Anne很生气。故填Because Mrs. Barry thought Anne made Diana drunk. 3. 根据“That little red-headed girl is very smart. She saved that baby’s life.”可知，医生说Anne非常聪明，救了小宝宝的命，也就是Barry太太的女儿，因此Barry太太对她改观了。故填She saved her daughter. 4. 该题为开放性题目，答案不唯一。根据“The next day, Mr. and Mrs. Barry invited Anne come for a lovely dinner. They all said wonderful things about her, and she felt very special.”可知，在Anne救了Barry太太的女儿后，他们邀请她共进晚餐，还赞美了她，为此她感觉很特别，由此可知，她赢得了他们的信任，又可以和Diana一起玩耍了。故填Because she won their trust and she can play with Diana again. 5. 该题为开放性题目，答案不唯一。文章讲述了Anne在失去Barry太太的信任后，偶然机会下，用自己的聪明才智及果敢救了Barry太太的女儿，再次赢得了他们的信任。由此可看出，她很细心地照顾生命的小宝贝，也很能帮得上尽快，又善良又热心又勇敢。故填She is very careful/helpful/brave/warm-hearted/kind. 23 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$单元话题·梯度训练 专题J816阅读与表达 单元话题中心 题型特训 Unit 1 Friendship 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 内 容 提 要 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 – 10 二、 进阶提升 Passage 11 -15 Passage 1 阅读短文，然后根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。 Peter is always taking, never giving, so he doesn’t have many friends. One day, Peter told Bill, “I’d like to organize a party on Saturday. I’d like you to come to the party.” “Thank you, Peter. I’d be happy to come,” said Bill. “I think you should bring your violin. You are good at playing the violin. I’m sure everyone hopes you can play it at the party.” That was how Peter began to plan his party. Next he asked another friend, Betty, to bring a cake. Peter invited a few other friends to come to his party. He doesn’t forget to ask something from them. He even asked Jack if he could have the party at his house! Jack agreed. They had a great time at the party. However, when the guests were leaving, they said “Thank you” to Bill, Betty, Jack, and others for their hard work. To Peter, they just said, “Thank you for the invitation.” 1．When was the party? 2．What did Bill play at the party? 3．Who brought a cake to the party? 4．Where did Peter have the party? 5．Did the guests thank Peter for his hard work? Passage 2 Read the passage and answer the questions. A lot of people want others to be their friends. At the same time, some people don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendship doesn’t last very long. To have a friend, you have to be a friend. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest, be generous, be understanding. Honesty is necessary and it’s also the first step to start the good friendship. Friends must trust each other. If you don’t tell the truth, people will usually find it out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest, you may lose your friend’s trust To be generous, you have to learn how to share things you enjoy. You needn’t share your money or favourite clothes. You can share your ideas and feelings. By chatting about the ideas and feelings, you can make your friend know you well. Everyone needs understanding when they meet problems. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem with the friend can make it easier. Understanding each other can be a good way of solving the problem. To be a friend, you must learn to listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place, and then you can under- stand the problem better. 1. Why doesn’t some friendship last very long? 2. What’s the first step to start the good friendship? 3. How can you make your friend know you well? 4. What can be a good way to solve the problem? 5. What else can you do to keep the good friendship except the rules in the passage? Passage 3 Friendship comes before competition (比赛). It’s easy to say but hard to do. However, 11-year-old Jerome, a boy from Australia, did it and set us a good example. Jerome was good at running. In all the races he took part in, he was always the first. But last November, after giving up winning a school race, the boy won hearts of thousands of people. In the race, kind Jerome ran back to help his good friend Seth stand up after he fell down. And then he walked with him and let him cross the finishing line first. Seth, ten years old, had cerebral palsy (脑瘫). After he moved to the school last year, he got lots of problems. His teacher Mrs. Taylor asked Jerome to help him with things like going to the toilet (厕所) and showing him around. The two boys soon became good friends. Because of his illness, Seth had a big head. Some students laughed at him. Jerome usually stopped them. Seth’s father thanked Jerome for looking after his son. He said to Jerome. “You are such a good kid.” The two boys’ story spread (传播) quickly after Jerome’s mother Susan shared it on the Internet. “These boys didn’t win, but they are champions (冠军).” said the mother. 1. What did Jerome do well in? 2. What did Jerome do after seeing Seth fall down? 3. When did Seth move to Jerome’s school? 4. What did Seth look like because of his illness? 5. Why did Seth’s father thank Jerome? Passage 4 Friends are very important in my life. I’m Alice. As a girl, my best friend is also a girl. Her name is Lisa and she is one year older than me. When I first met her, I was five. Now we’re in the same class. Lisa is a beautiful girl with blue eyes. And she is taller than any other girl in our class. We both like basketball. But Lisa plays much better than me. Her dream is to become a basketball player. I think her dream will come true one day. Lisa is a very kind girl. I’ll never forget last October when I was ill (生病) and felt very sad. Lisa went to see me every day and told jokes to make me laugh. Thanks to her, I got better soon. There’s no secrets (秘密) between Lisa and me. When we have something to talk with each other, we often go to the small park near our school. We can talk about everything here. To me, Lisa is not only a good friend but also a good teacher. I’m so lucky to have a friend like her. 1. How old was Alice when she first met Lisa? 2. Is Lisa taller than Alice? 3. What does Lisa hope to be? 4. When was Alice ill? 5. Where do Lisa and Alice often talk about their secrets? Passage 5 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 Friendship knows no borders (国界). Brynn Castle, an American student made friends with a Chinese student named Zhang Xinyi on her exchange (交流) trip to China. Here is their story. In April 2024, Castle came to China with some American students. They reached Beijing first, and then traveled to Hebei. Before leaving. Castle visited Zhang’s home. “It is interesting to see a Chinese home. There are some differences between their house and my home,” Castle said. “In my home, we have lots of decorations (装饰品). But Chinese people like to put family photos in their living room. And most of their decorations are red. They think the color can bring them good luck.” “Zhang’s family are friendly. Before going to their house, they showed me around their neighborhood and then took me to a restaurant for lunch,” Castle said. When they got to Zhang’s home, Castle told many interesting stories to Zhang. The two girls found they shared a lot of interests and had so much to talk about. As they said goodbye late in the night, Zhang gave a Chinese history book to Castle as a gift. She hoped it could help Castle know more about China. 1. When did Castle take the exchange trip to China? 2. What do Chinese people like to put in their living room? 3. Why do Chinese people like red decorations? 4. What gift did Zhang give Castle when she was leaving? 5. Do you want to have an exchange trip to other countries? Why or why not? Passage 6 阅读短文，根据短文内容简要回答问题。 Fiona was a popular girl at school. She was smart and fun. From an early age, she tried to be kind and friendly to everyone. She invited (邀请) all her classmates to her birthday party. She gave gifts to everybody. She was very busy because she had so many friends to spend every day with. She felt very lucky. But everything changed (改变)on National Friendship Day. On that day, at school, everyone had to give three gifts to their three best friends. Fiona enjoyed choosing three from all her friends. However, after giving three gifts, Fiona didn’t get one! Even Lily, a girl who always played with her every day, didn’t give her a gift. When she got home that night, Fiona told her mother what had happened. Her mother touched her head tenderly (温柔地) and said, “You can’t buy friends with a smile or a few good words. For most of your classmates, you’re only a playmate (玩伴). If you really want true friends, you should really care about your friends.” That night, in bed, Fiona thought about her mother’s words. Then she thought that her mother always helped her and stayed with her at anytime. Until that moment, Fiona knew the meaning (意思) of a true friend. 1. Who did Fiona invite to her birthday party? 2. Why was Fiona very busy? 3. Did Fiona get gifts on National Friendship Day? 4. What should people do if they want true friends? 5. What did Fiona know after talking with her mother? Passage 7 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。 I went to see one of my friends. A car hit (撞) her two days ago. I only saw her grandmother in her room when I arrived at the hospital. Her grandmother came from Russia, but her English was good enough for her to talk with others. I told the grandmother that I was the girl’s friend. And we talked about her health. “She always looked around before crossing the road. But the driver drove too fast... And the doctor said she was not good...” The grandmother could say nothing more. I could see that she was afraid. I went around the bed and hugged (拥抱) her. She did the same to me. After five minutes, she looked at me. I said that I would do everything I could to help her. I also told her that she could call me at any time, day or night. She thanked me and hugged me again. She was very happy about my coming. What is friendship? It has nothing to do with money. It is very easy. It could come from a hug, a call and so on. You know, even a small giving can help a lot. Real Friends CareReal friends care That much I know any difficulty They help you through any difficulty And when someone you love must go I knew when I met you That you were the one Who would help me through everything And make my pain done 1. What happened (发生) to the writer’s friend? 2. Why did her friend’s grandmother thank her? 3. What does the underlined word ”It” in the last paragraph refer to? (最后一段画线“it”指什么?) 4. What does the writer think of friendship? 5. What do you think a real friend cares about? You must have a real friend. What do you often do together? Passage 8 根据材料内容简要回答下列问题。 Find and Keep Your Friendship（友谊） Every one of us rich or poor, should at least have one or two good friends. Your friends will listen to you when you speak, will take care of you when you are sick, and will be together with you in your journey through life. Everyone needs friends. Friendship can make us happier. How can we find a good friend and get on well with each other? Here is some advice. ●Make friends with a person who is easy to get along with. ●You should make friends with a person who has something in common with you. ●Give your friend a hand when he or she is in trouble. Friends should always be ready to help each other. ●Believe in each other. This is the most important thing in a friendship. ●Even the best friends may have a quarrel sometimes. If this happens, don’t let your quarrel last too long. Try to make up with your friends soon. ●Friendship is a kind of treasure in our life. It is like a bottle of wine. The longer it is kept, the better it will be. 1. The number of the friends he or she should at least have 2. The reason why we need friends 3. The thing you should do when your friends are in trouble 4. The most important thing in a friendship is 5. List two ideas about what the friendship is like in your mind （no more than 10 words each） Passage 9 When we meet new people, we don’t begin by telling them our life story. We start with small talk, like traffic or weather. People make small talk just about anywhere, but there are certain places where it is very common. Most often, small talk happens in places where people are waiting for something. People with many different relationships use small talk. The most common type of people to use small talk are those who do not know each other at all. Though we often teach children not to talk to strangers, adults are expected to say at least a few words in certain situations. Small talk can start new friendship. When we begin conversations with new people, we use small talk to find common interests. Small talk even helps people get a job. So, how can you make small talk lead to a new friendship or job? First of all, choose something around you that you share with the other person. Next, keep the conversations going. Compliment (赞美) the other person to make him or her feel comfortable, and ask questions to show interest. Third, talking to strangers is not an easy thing for shy people. But with more practice, small talk does get easier. Some people think things like traffic or weather are just too small. However, small talk is anything but small. In fact, it is actually a big deal! 1. Where does small talk happen most often? 2. What type of people use small talk most common? 3. What advantages (好处) can small talk bring you? 4. About making small talk, how many pieces of advice did the writer give you? 5. How do you keep the small talk going? Passage 10 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。      Friends are very important in everyone’s life because friends are always there when we need them. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.   My friendship with Sue started 30 years ago with a snake. A few months after I moved into an apartment, my next-door neighbor (邻居), shouted to me, asking for help with a snake sleeping near her apartment.   I made the snake run away and made a new friend. Soon Sue invited me over for dinner or left home-made food at my door. When I went to my beach house, Sue helped look after my pet and water my plants. And when she wasn’t home, I did the same for her. When she traveled, she’d remember to bring me wonderful gifts, but her smile (微笑) is always the greatest gift of all.   In 1997, I had a lovely child and Sue looked after me and him. Years later, I returned the favour (回报). I helped out when her husband was in hospital, staying with her and talking about and sharing everything with her.   Unluckily, in 2019 the pandemic (疫情) happened. My husband lost his work and my son couldn’t be back home because of the virus (病毒). I was worried about them and I didn’t know how to fight the pandemic. But Sue appeared in time. She helped my family to prepare for the pandemic and shared food with me. Without her, I couldn’t go through difficult times. I was the luckiest one in the world.   A wall might separate (阻隔) our apartments and masks (口罩) can separate the viruses, but nothing is able to separate our hearts. 1. When did the writer make friends with Sue? 2. Please list (列举) tow things the writer helped Sue out. 3. Why did the writer think she was the luckiest one in the world? 4. Do you want to make a friend like Sue? And why? 5. What can you learn from the story? Passage 11 阅读下面短文，简略回答所提出的问题。 It’s difficult when you have no good friends around—maybe because you have moved to a different school or a different class or you’re sick at home. You may feel lonely without friends. You want to have new friends. But how to make them? How do you start? How do you get along with people? Here are five ways to help you to do these. Greet (问候) people Greet people and hope that they have a good day—at any time of the day. It doesn’t hurt (伤害) any people. It also makes people think you’re friendly. Share Take something to eat in your bag. Ask if people would like to have some, and at the same time give it to them. Help people Simple actions, like helping other people carry something or opening a door can show your kindness. Smile Perhaps smiling is the easiest way to introduce (介绍) yourself. There’s a great reason why it takes fewer muscles (肌肉) to smile than to cry. Nature just wishes us to smile more. Respect (尊敬) others The world’s full of differences. So learning to respect others is important. It is the only way that other people will respect you. 1. How may we feel without a friend? 2. How many ways does the article give us to help us make new friends? 3. What does the writer advise (建议) us to take in our bag? 4. Which takes more muscles, smiling or crying? 5. What does the underlined (划线的) word “It” in the last sentence refer to (指的是)? Passage 12 Do you want to make friends with others? Please remember to keep your words all the time. In this way, people around you will get along well with you. To make friends and keep them, you have to keep your words. If you agree to meet someone at a certain time, you should arrive at the place on time or a little earlier. If you agree to help others, you must do it. Of course if there is something unexpected (没有预料到的) happening and you can’t do what you have agreed to do, your friends will understand that. He is always lying or making excuses for breaking his words. Would you like to have him as one of your best friends? You wouldn’t. And your own friends feel the same way. So, be more careful when you have to agree to do something for your friends. Don’t have “Maybe” in your mind when you say something about what you are going to do. 1. What does the underlined phrase “keep your words” mean in Chinese? 2. To make friends, what is important? 3. What does “that” mean in Paragraph 2? 4. Who can be your best friend? 5. In your opinion, what is the best title for the passage? Passage 13 阅读回答问题。( no more than 6 words ) My grandma is a gentle old lady. Like many women of her time, she has a talent for sewing（缝纫）. She made all my childhood clothes on her own. As a young girl，rather than playing outside with my friends, I liked staying with my grandmother to help her sew. I was so interested in getting the thread（线）through the eyes of the needle（针）. Later, instead of making clothes, my grandmother would sew gloves or insoles（鞋垫）for me. She cannot be with me all the time, but the love passed by her needle and thread warms me. It was my grandma who sparked my enthusiasm（热情）for sewing and taught me how to show love and care. Almost a year ago, I was trying to give a birthday present to my friend. Then, I thought, “ Why don’t I sew her a gift?” I decided to make her a pencil case. I cut out the pattern（图案）from my old skirt, drew a design and started sewing. It took me many days to finish it. The final result wasn’t as pretty as I imagined. But it was the best pencil case that I could make. Just yesterday, my friend called me and said that every time she sees the pencil case, she thinks of me and the warm feeling. Sewing is a fantastic art form that can convey（传达）our love and care. （选自《初中英语阅读》八年级上册） 1. Who made the writer’s childhood clothes? 2. What did the writer like better, playing with her friends or helping her grandmother sewing? 3. Why did the writer sew a pencil case for her friend? 4. How long did it take the writer to make the pencil case? 5. What can sewing convey according to writer’s opinion? Passage 14 Charlotte’s Web（《夏洛特的网》）is a popular American children’s book about the friendship between a pig named Wilbur and a spider named Charlotte. The writer, E. B．White, shows that a real friend will help you even though he or she has nothing to get from doing so. In the book, Charlotte is always helping Wilbur. She spins (吐) words into her web to save Wilbur’s life, even though spinning the words is tiring and difficult for her. Charlotte is a true friend. She helps Wilbur for only one reason—she cares about him. Templeton, the rat, on the other hand, is not a real friend to Wilbur. Templeton only helps others when there is something in it for him. When he is asked to help save Wilbur’s life, he says “no” at first. Later on, he agrees to help, but only because he wants to keep eating Wilbur’s meals. At the end of the book, Wilbur learns the true meaning of the friendship. He helps Charlotte to save her babies. He does this not for other reasons, but because he cares about his friend. Reading this book lets me know how important it is to help others. Being a good friend means being there when you are needed. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1. Who is the writer of Charlotte’s Web? ___________________________________________________________________ 2. What does Charlotte do to save Wilbur’s life? ___________________________________________________________________ 3. Why does Charlotte help Wilbur? ___________________________________________________________________ 4. Does Templeton agree to help Wilbur at first? ___________________________________________________________________ 5. What does Wilbur learn at the end of the book? ___________________________________________________________________ Passage 15 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答下列问题。 One afternoon, Marilla told Anne she could invite Diana over for tea. She could have some fruitcake, some jam, and some of the raspberry cordial in the cupboard. Anne ran down the road to Diana’s house to ask her to tea. Diana came in her second-best dress. She poured herself a glass of cordial and drank it. “That’s very nice raspberry cordial, Anne,” she said. “I’m happy you like it. Take as much as you want.” And so Diana had two more glasses of cordial. Suddenly, she turned pale. “I’m sick,” she said, “I must go home.” And she left Green Gables and ran all the way home. On Monday, Anne went to see if Diana was feeling better. She soon ran back home with tears rolling down her cheeks. “What has happened, Anne?” asked Marilla, “Mrs. Barry says that I sent Diana home drunk on Saturday. She says she’s never, ever going to let Diana play with me again!” Marilla went to the cupboard and then came back to the kitchen with a bottle of wine, trying not to smile. “Anne, you gave Diana wine instead of raspberry cordial. Didn’t you know the difference?” “I never tasted it,” said Anne. “But Mrs. Barry will never believe me. And now I’ll never be able to play with Diana again!” One evening, Anne was at home doing her homework. Matthew was home, too. Suddenly, Anne looked up and saw Diana standing at the door. She looked very worried. “What is the matter, Diana?” cried Anne. “Oh, Anne, do come quick,” said Diana nervously. “Minnie May is very sick. Father and Mother are away in town and there’s nobody to go for the doctor.” Matthew quietly got his cap and coat and went for the doctor. The two little girls ran to Diana’s house hand in hand. Minnie May was Diana’s three-year-old sister. She was very sick. Anne saw her and immediately went to work. She had looked after many children before and knew what to do. “First we must have lots of hot water. Put the fire on. I’m going to give her some medicine.” Minnie May did not like the medicine, but Anne did not give up. All night, Diana and Anne stayed with Minnie May. It was three o’clock when Matthew came with the doctor. But by then, Minnie May was sleeping. Anne explained to the doctor what she had done. He was very impressed. Later on, he told Mr. and Mrs. Barry, “That little red-headed girl is very smart. She saved that baby’s life.” The next day, Mr. and Mrs. Barry invited Anne come for a lovely dinner. They all said wonderful things about her, and she felt very special. (—from Anne of Green Gables) 1. What did Anne think she was giving Diana to drink? 2. Why did Mrs. Barry become angry with Anne? 3. What did Anne do that changed Mrs. Barry’s mind about her? 4. Why did Anne feel special when they all said wonderful things about her? 5. According to this story, what do you think of Anne? 15 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$