内容正文:
形容词分类汇总
一、以able为后缀
以able为后缀的形容词,表示“可能……的;易于……的”
(一)表示“可……的;能……的”
accept(动词,接受) + able → acceptable(形容词,可接受的;合意的)
adjust(动词,调整;调节) + able → adjustable(形容词,可调节的;可调整的)
adapt(动词,适应;改编) + able → adaptable(形容词,能适应的;可改编的)
afford(动词,买得起;担负得起) + able → affordable(形容词,付得起的;买得起的)
change(动词,改变) + able → changeable(形容词,可变的;易变的)
exchange(动词,交换;互换) + ble → exchangeable(形容词,可交换的;可互换的)
consider(动词,考虑;认为) + able → considerable(形容词,相当大的;重要的)
count(动词,数数;计算) + able → countable(形容词,可数的)
depend(动词,依靠;依赖) + able → dependable(形容词,可靠的;可信赖的)
detect(动词,察觉;发现) + able → detectable(形容词,可察觉的;可发现的)
enjoy(动词,享受;喜爱) + able → enjoyable(形容词,令人愉快的;有趣的)
predict(动词,预测;预言) + able → predictable(形容词,可预测的;可预见的)
renew(动词,更新;续借) + able → renewable(形容词,可再生的;可更新的)
sustain(动词,维持;支撑) + able → sustainable(形容词,可持续的;能保持的)
forgive(动词,原谅;饶恕) + ble → forgivable(形容词,可原谅的;可宽恕的)
imagine(动词,想象) + ble → imaginable(形容词,可想象的;想象得到的)
measure(动词,测量;衡量) + ble → measurable(形容词,可测量的;显著的)
move(动词,移动;搬动) + ble → movable(形容词,可移动的;活动的)
reuse(动词,再利用;重复使用) + ble → reusable(形容词,可重复使用的)
sense(动词,感觉,词源关联) + ble → sensible(形容词,明智的;合情理的;可感觉到的)
tolerate(动词,容忍;忍受) + ble → tolerable(形容词,可容忍的;还可以的)
erase(动词,擦除;抹去) + ble → erasable(形容词,可擦掉的;可抹去的)
forget(动词,忘记) + ble → forgettable(形容词,容易被忘的;可忘记的)
(二)表示“易于……的”
break(动词,打破;打碎) + ble → breakable(形容词,易碎的;易损坏的)
frighten(动词,使惊恐;吓唬) + ble → frightenable(形容词,易受惊的;胆小的)
【例句】
(一)表示“可……的;能……的”
accept(动词,接受):
She will accept the gift tomorrow.(她明天会接受这个礼物。)
acceptable(形容词,可接受的):
Your answer is acceptable.(你的答案是可接受的。)
adjust(动词,调整):
Please adjust the chair.(请调整一下椅子。)
adjustable(形容词,可调节的):
This lamp has an adjustable height.(这盏灯的高度是可调节的。)
adapt(动词,适应):
We need to adapt to the new life.(我们需要适应新生活。)
adaptable(形容词,能适应的):
He is an adaptable person.(他是个能适应的人。)
afford(动词,买得起;负担得起):
I can afford this book.(我买得起这本书。)
affordable(形容词,付得起的;价格合理的):
The price of this shirt is affordable.(这件衬衫的价格是付得起的。)
change(动词,改变;变更):
We can change the plan.(我们可以改变计划。)
changeable(形容词,多变的;易变的):
The weather here is changeable.(这里的天气是多变的。)
consider(动词,考虑;认为):
You should consider his advice.(你应该考虑他的建议。)
considerable(形容词,相当多的;相当大的):
There is a considerable number of students.(有相当多的学生。)
count(动词,数;计数):
Let's count the apples.(我们来数一下苹果。)
countable(形容词,可数的):
These are countable nouns.(这些是可数名词。)
debate(动词,辩论;讨论):
They will debate the problem.(他们会辩论这个问题。)
debatable(形容词,有争议的;可辩论的):
This idea is debatable.(这个想法是有争议的。)
depend(动词,依靠;依赖):
We depend on our parents.(我们依靠父母。)
dependable(形容词,可靠的;可信赖的):
He is a dependable friend.(他是个可靠的朋友。)
detect(动词,察觉;发现):
I can detect a strange smell.(我能察觉到一股奇怪的味道。)
detectable(形容词,可察觉的;可发现的):
The error is detectable.(这个错误是可发现的。)
enjoy(动词,享受;喜欢):
We enjoy playing games.(我们喜欢玩游戏。)
enjoyable(形容词,令人愉快的;有乐趣的):
It was an enjoyable trip.(那是一次令人愉快的旅行。)
erase(动词,擦除;抹去):
Please erase the words on the blackboard.(请擦掉黑板上的字。)
erasable(形容词,可擦掉的;可抹去的):
This pen writes erasable marks.(这支笔写的痕迹是可擦掉的。)
exchange(动词,交换;互换):
We can exchange our books.(我们可以交换我们的书。)
exchangeable(形容词,可交换的;可互换的):
These two toys are exchangeable.(这两个玩具是可交换的。)
forgive(动词,原谅;宽恕):
She will forgive him.(她会原谅他的。)
forgivable(形容词,可原谅的;可宽恕的):
His mistake is forgivable.(他的错误是可原谅的。)
forget(动词,忘记;遗忘):
I often forget his name.(我经常忘记他的名字。)
forgettable(形容词,容易被忘的;不起眼的):
It was a forgettable story.(那是一个容易被忘的故事。)
imagine(动词,想象;设想):
Can you imagine the future?(你能想象未来吗?)
imaginable(形容词,可想象的;能想到的):
This is the best result imaginable.(这是能想象到的最好结果。)
measure(动词,测量;度量):
He will measure the room.(他会测量这个房间。)
measurable(形容词,可测量的;显著的):
There is a measurable improvement.(有显著的进步。)
move(动词,移动;搬动):
Please move the table.(请移动一下桌子。)
movable(形容词,可移动的;活动的):
The shelf is movable.(这个架子是可移动的。)
predict(动词,预测;预言):
Scientists can predict the weather.(科学家能预测天气。)
predictable(形容词,可预见的; predictable):
The result is predictable.(这个结果是可预见的。)
renew(动词,续期;更新):
I need to renew my library card.(我需要续借我的借书证。)
renewable(形容词,可再生的;可更新的):
Solar energy is a renewable resource.(太阳能是一种可再生资源。)
reuse(动词,再利用;重复使用):
We should reuse plastic bags.(我们应该重复使用塑料袋。)
reusable(形容词,可重复使用的):
These bottles are reusable.(这些瓶子是可重复使用的。)
sense(动词,感觉到;意识到):
I can sense danger.(我能感觉到危险。)
sensible(形容词,明智的;合情理的):
It's sensible to wear warm clothes.(穿暖和的衣服是明智的。)
sustain(动词,维持;支撑):
We need food to sustain life.(我们需要食物维持生命。)
sustainable(形容词,可持续的):
We should promote sustainable development.(我们应该促进可持续发展。)
tolerate(动词,容忍;忍受):
She can't tolerate the noise.(她不能容忍这种噪音。)
tolerable(形容词,可容忍的;还可以的):
The pain is tolerable.(这种疼痛是可容忍的。)
(二)表示“易于……的”
break(动词,打破;打碎):
Don't break the cup.(别打碎杯子。)
breakable(形容词,易碎的;易损坏的):
This glass is breakable.(这个杯子是易碎的。)
frighten(动词,使惊恐;吓唬):
The dog didn't frighten her.(这只狗没吓到她。)
frightenable(形容词,易受惊的;胆小的):
The little bird is frightenable.(这只小鸟很易受惊。)
二、以ful为后缀
以ful为后缀的形容词,表示“充满……的;具有……性质的”
【表示“充满……的”】
care(动词:关心;照顾;小心) + ful → careful(形容词:小心的;谨慎的)
cheer(动词:欢呼;使高兴) + ful → cheerful(形容词:快乐的;高兴的)
color(名词:颜色) + ful → colorful(形容词:色彩丰富的;鲜艳的)
doubt(动词/名词:怀疑) + ful → doubtful(形容词:怀疑的;不确定的)
forget(动词:忘记) + ful → forgetful(形容词:健忘的)
grate(动词:使高兴;使满意) + ful → grateful(形容词:感激的;感谢的)
harm(动词/名词:伤害;损害) + ful → harmful(形容词:有害的)
hope(动词/名词:希望) + ful → hopeful(形容词:有希望的)
peace(名词:和平;平静) + ful → peaceful(形容词:和平的;平静的)
power(名词:力量;权力) + ful → powerful(形容词:强大的;有力的)
regret(动词/名词:后悔;遗憾) + ful → regretful(形容词:后悔的;遗憾的)
skill(名词:技能;技巧) + ful → skillful(形容词:熟练的;有技巧的)
success(名词:成功) + ful → successful(形容词:成功的)
use(动词/名词:使用;用处) + ful → useful(形容词:有用的)
wonder(动词/名词:惊奇;奇迹) + ful → wonderful(形容词:精彩的;奇妙的)
【表示“具有……性质的”】
beauty(名词:美丽;美人) + ful → beautiful(形容词:美丽的;漂亮的)
dread(动词/名词:害怕;恐惧) + ful → dreadful(形容词:可怕的;糟糕的)
pain(名词:疼痛;痛苦) + ful → painful(形容词:痛苦的)
shame(名词:羞耻;羞愧) + ful → shameful(形容词:可耻的;丢脸的)
thank(动词:感谢) + ful → thankful(形容词:感激的;感谢的)
【其他】
help(动词/名词:帮助) + ful → helpful(形容词:有帮助的;有益的)
【例句】
care(关心;照顾;小心) + ful → careful(小心的;谨慎的)
[动词造句]Please care for your little sister while I’m out.(我出去时请照顾好你的妹妹。)
[形容词造句]Be careful with the hot water—it might burn you.(小心热水,可能会烫伤你。)
cheer(欢呼;使高兴) + ful → cheerful(快乐的;高兴的)
[动词造句]The crowd began to cheer when the team scored.(球队进球时,人群开始欢呼。)
[形容词造句]She always has a cheerful smile, even on bad days.(即使在糟糕的日子里,她也总是带着开心的笑容。)
color(颜色) + ful → colorful(色彩丰富的;鲜艳的)
[动词造句]We can color the picture with these crayons.(我们可以用这些蜡笔给画涂色。)
[形容词造句]The market is full of colorful fruits and vegetables.(市场上摆满了色彩鲜艳的水果和蔬菜。)
doubt(怀疑) + ful → doubtful(怀疑的;不确定的)
[动词造句]I doubt whether he will arrive on time.(我怀疑他是否会准时到。)
[形容词造句]She looked doubtful when I told her the news.(我告诉她这个消息时,她露出了怀疑的表情。)
forget(忘记) + ful → forgetful(健忘的)
[动词造句]Don’t forget to lock the door before leaving.(离开前别忘了锁门。)
[形容词造句]My grandma is getting forgetful—she often misplaces her glasses.(我奶奶越来越健忘,经常找不到眼镜。)
grate(使高兴;使满意,词源关联) + ful → grateful(感激的;感谢的)
[动词造句]Her kind words grated on my heart warmly.(她亲切的话语让我心里暖暖的。)
[形容词造句]I’m grateful for your help with my project.(感谢你在我的项目上提供的帮助。)
harm(伤害;损害) + ful → harmful(有害的)
[动词造句]Smoking can harm your lungs seriously.(吸烟会严重伤害你的肺。)
[形容词造句]Too much sugar is harmful to your teeth.(过多的糖对牙齿有害。)
hope(希望) + ful → hopeful(有希望的)
[动词造句]We hope to finish the work by Friday.(我们希望周五前完成这项工作。)
[形容词造句]The doctors are hopeful that she will recover soon.(医生们对她能很快康复抱有希望。)
peace(和平;平静) + ful → peaceful(和平的;平静的)
[动词造句]We all wish to peace between the two countries.(我们都希望两国之间实现和平。)
[形容词造句]The lake looks so peaceful in the early morning.(清晨的湖面显得格外平静。)
power(力量;权力) + ful → powerful(强大的;有力的)
[动词造句]Electricity can power many machines in factories.(电力能为工厂里的许多机器提供动力。)
[形容词造句]The powerful storm destroyed several houses in the village.(这场强风暴摧毁了村里的几所房子。)
regret(后悔;遗憾) + ful → regretful(后悔的;遗憾的)
[动词造句]He regretted not studying harder when he was young.(他后悔年轻时没有更努力学习。)
[形容词造句]She felt regretful after arguing with her best friend.(和最好的朋友吵架后,她感到很后悔。)
skill(技能;技巧) + ful → skillful(熟练的;有技巧的)
[动词造句]You need to skill yourself in using this software.(你需要熟练掌握这款软件的使用技巧。)
[形容词造句]The skillful artist painted a beautiful landscape.(这位技艺娴熟的艺术家画了一幅美丽的风景画。)
success(成功) + ful → successful(成功的)
[动词造句]Hard work will help you success in your career.(努力工作会帮助你在事业上取得成功。)
[形容词造句]Her first book was very successful and sold thousands of copies.(她的第一本书很成功,卖出了数千本。)
use(使用;用处) + ful → useful(有用的)
[动词造句]You can use this tool to fix the broken chair.(你可以用这个工具修理坏掉的椅子。)
[形容词造句]A dictionary is a useful tool for learning new words.(字典是学习新单词的有用工具。)
wonder(惊奇;奇迹) + ful → wonderful(精彩的;奇妙的)
[动词造句]I wonder what the future will be like.(我好奇未来会是什么样子。)
[形容词造句]We had a wonderful time at the amusement park yesterday.(昨天我们在游乐园玩得很开心。)
beauty(美丽;美人) + ful → beautiful(美丽的;漂亮的)
[名词造句]The beauty of the sunset took our breath away.(日落的美景让我们惊叹不已。)
[形容词造句]She wore a beautiful dress to the party.(她穿了一条漂亮的裙子去参加派对。)
dread(害怕;恐惧) + ful → dreadful(可怕的;糟糕的)
[动词造句]I dread going to the dentist because it hurts.(我害怕去看牙医,因为会疼。)
[形容词造句]We had a dreadful trip—our car broke down twice.(我们的旅行很糟糕,车坏了两次。)
pain(疼痛;痛苦) + ful → painful(痛苦的)
[名词造句]He cried out in pain when he fell down.(他摔倒时疼得大叫。)
[形容词造句]The painful memory still haunts her.(那段痛苦的记忆仍然困扰着她。)
shame(羞耻;羞愧) + ful → shameful(可耻的;丢脸的)
[名词造句]He felt shame for lying to his parents.(他为对父母撒谎而感到羞愧。)
[形容词造句]It’s shameful to cheat in exams.(考试作弊是可耻的。)
thank(感谢) + ful → thankful(感激的;感谢的)
[动词造句]I want to thank you for your kindness.(我想感谢你的好意。)
[形容词造句]We are thankful for the warm welcome from the villagers.(我们感谢村民们的热情欢迎。)
help(帮助) + ful → helpful(有帮助的;有益的)
[动词造句]Can you help me carry these heavy boxes?(你能帮我搬这些重箱子吗?)
[形容词造句]The teacher’s helpful advice improved my writing.(老师的有益建议提高了我的写作水平。)
三、以 less为后缀
以 less为后缀的形容词, 通常表示“无……的、不……的”
care(动词/名词:关心;在意) + less → careless(形容词:粗心的;疏忽的)
harm(动词/名词:伤害;损害) + less → harmless(形容词:无害的)
hope(动词/名词:希望) + less → hopeless(形容词:无望的;绝望的)
end(名词/动词:尽头;结束) + less → endless(形容词:无止境的;没完没了的)
fear(名词/动词:害怕;恐惧) + less → fearless(形容词:无畏的;勇敢的)
help(动词/名词:帮助) + less → helpless(形容词:无助的;无能的)
home(名词:家) + less → homeless(形容词:无家可归的)
use(动词/名词:用处;用途) + less → useless(形容词:无用的;无效的)
count(动词/名词:计数;计算) + less → countless(形容词:无数的;数不尽的)
price(名词:价格;价值) + less → priceless(形容词:无价的;极贵重的)
sense(名词/动词:意义;感觉) + less → senseless(形容词:无意义的;失去知觉的)
shame(名词/动词:羞耻;羞愧) + less → shameless(形容词:无耻的;不知羞耻的)
tire(动词/名词:疲倦;劳累) + less → tireless(形容词:不知疲倦的;坚持不懈的)
wire(名词:电线;金属线) + less → wireless(形容词:无线的)
job(名词:工作;职业) + less → jobless(形容词:失业的)
fruit(名词:成果;结果) + less → fruitless(形容词:无结果的;徒劳的)
speech(名词:言语;说话能力) + less → speechless(形容词:说不出话的;哑口无言的)
rest(名词/动词:休息;安宁) + less → restless(形容词:不安的;焦躁的)
color(名词/动词:颜色) + less → colorless(形容词:无色的;单调的)
odor(名词:气味;味道) + less → odorless(形容词:无气味的)
【例句】
1.He is a careless driver, often ignoring traffic rules.(他是个粗心的司机,经常无视交通规则。)
2.This kind of insect looks scary but is actually harmless.(这种昆虫看起来吓人,但实际上无害。)
3.After trying many times and failing, he felt hopeless about the project.(尝试了很多次都失败后,他对这个项目感到绝望。)
4.The endless meeting made everyone feel sleepy.(没完没了的会议让每个人都昏昏欲睡。)
5.The fearless soldier fought bravely on the battlefield.(那位无畏的士兵在战场上英勇作战。)
6.The old man was helpless when his phone ran out of battery in the middle of the street.(老人在街上手机没电时,显得很无助。)
7.The organization provides food and shelter for homeless people.(这个组织为无家可归的人提供食物和住所。)
8.This old tool has been kept for years but is now useless.(这个旧工具存了好几年,现在没用了。)
9.Countless stars twinkled in the dark sky.(黑暗的天空中,无数的星星在闪烁。)
10.The ring her grandmother left her is priceless.(她祖母留给她的戒指是无价之宝。)
11.It’s senseless to spend so much time on such a trivial matter.(在这种小事上花这么多时间是没有意义的。)
12.He had a shameless attitude when he refused to admit his mistake.(他拒绝承认错误时,态度十分无耻。)
13.The tireless researcher worked day and night to complete the experiment.(那位不知疲倦的研究员日夜工作以完成实验。)
14.Most modern devices support wireless connection.(大多数现代设备都支持无线连接。)
15.The jobless young man is learning new skills to find a better job.(那个失业的年轻人正在学习新技能,以便找到更好的工作。)
16.Their search for the missing cat turned out to be fruitless.(他们寻找失踪的猫,结果徒劳无功。)
17.She was speechless with joy when she heard she got the scholarship.(听到自己获得奖学金时,她高兴得说不出话来。)
18.The restless child kept running around the room instead of sitting still.(那个焦躁不安的孩子一直在房间里跑来跑去,不肯安静坐着。)
19.The colorless gas is invisible but can be dangerous.(这种无色气体看不见,但可能有危险。)
20.The new cleaning product is odorless, which is good for people with sensitive noses.(这种新的清洁产品无气味,对鼻子敏感的人来说很好。)
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学科网(北京)股份有限公司
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