Unit 5 First Aid（复习课件）英语人教版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit 5 First Aid 复习课件 高二·英语 人教版2019选择性必修第二册 学习内容导览 单元知识图谱 2 学习目标 1 3 重点单词 单元语法 6 重点句型 5 7 主题写作 4 重点短语 8 课堂巩固 2 学习目标 1. Comprehend first aid knowledge and grasp the connection between different emergency treatment methods and medical principles. 2. Describe first aid procedures and express viewpoints on emergency handling using professional vocabulary and accurate expressions. 3. Design practical first aid plans with logical thinking and apply relevant knowledge to real-life emergency scenarios. 3 单元知识图谱 4 单词 词性 意思 technique n. 技能；技术；技艺 leaflet n. 散页印刷品；传单；小册子 organ n. （人或动植物的）器官 toxin n. 毒素（尤指细菌产生的有毒物质） ray n. 光线；光束；（热、电等）射线 sense n. 感觉；意识 radiation n. 辐射；放射线 acid n. 酸；酸性物质 adj. 酸的；酸性的 重点单词·会认 5 重点单词·能背 单词 词性 意思 millimetre n. 毫米 minor adj. 较小的；次要的；轻微的 layer n. 层；表层；层次 electric adj. 电的；用电的；电动的 victim n. 受害者；患者 swollen adj. （身体部位）肿胀的；肿起的 blister n. （皮肤上因摩擦、烫伤等引起的）水疱 underneath prep. &adv. 在…… 底下；隐藏在下面 nerve n. 神经 6 重点单词·用准 n. (人或动植物的)器官→ adj. 器官的；有机的；不用化肥的 adj. 较小的；次要的；轻微的→ n. 少数；少数民族 adj. 电的电动的→ adj. 电子的→ n. 电 → adj. 与电有关的 vi. 膨胀；肿胀→ adj. (身体部位)肿起的；肿胀的 adj. 松的；未系紧的；宽松的→ adv. 松散地；粗略地 vt. 催促；极力主张；驱策→ adj. 紧急的；急迫的；急切的→ adv. 紧急地；急迫地→ n. 紧急；急事；催促 organ organic minor minority electric electronic electricity electrical swell swollen loose loosely urge urgent urgently urgency 7 重点单词·用准 v. 操作；做手术；经营→ n. 电话接线员；操作员 → n. 操作；手术 vi. 流血；失血→ n. 流血；失血 vi.&vt. 打断；打扰 vt. 使暂停；使中断→ n. 打断；打扰 adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的→ adv. 绝望地；非常 n. 练习；实践；惯例→ adj. 切实可行的；实际的；实践的 adj. 紧身的；牢固的；绷紧的；严密的 adv. 紧紧地；牢固地→ adv. 紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地 n. 雾；迷惑；困惑→ adj. 有雾的 operate operator operation bleed bleeding interrupt interruption desperate desperately practice practical tight tightly fog foggy 8 重点单词详解 1. swollen adj.(身体部位)肿起的；肿胀的 (1)be swollen from ... 因……而肿胀 (2)swell vi. 膨胀；肿胀 swell up 膨胀；肿胀 2.loose adj.松的；未系紧的；宽松的　n.放纵；放任 (1)turn/let/set ... loose 让……自由；放开…… on the loose 散漫，未受管制；在逃 (2)loosely adv. 宽松地；松散地 (3)loosen v. (使)放松，变松；解开 loosen up 放松；(情况)缓和；(使肌肉)松弛 9 重点单词详解 3. urgent adj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的 (1)in urgent need of ... 急需…… It is urgent that ... 急需…… (2)urgently adv. 急迫地 (3)urgency n. 紧迫性 (4)urge vt. 催促；敦促 urge sb to do sth 敦促某人做某事 10 重点单词详解 4. ease vi.& vt.(使)宽慰；减轻；缓解　n.容易；舒适；自在 ease the pain/pressure/tension/burden 减轻痛苦/压力/紧张/负担 ease one's mind 宽慰某人 ease the way for ... 为……扫除障碍 at (one's) ease 舒适；自由自在；无拘无束 put sb at (one's) ease 使(某人)舒适；使(某人)自在；使(某人)不受拘束 ill at ease 局促不安的 with ease 轻易地，不费力地 11 重点短语 1.______________ 　阻止……做…… 2.____________ 强迫……出来 3._____________ 触觉 4._________ 充当；担任 5.__________ 被烧伤 6.______ 导致；通向 7.______________ 被分成…… prevent...from... force...out... sense of touch act as get burned lead to be divided into 8.__________ 各种各样的 9._______ 坚持；遵循 10.__________ 将……敷在……上 11._________________帮助某人站起身来 12.____________ 面朝上(朝下) 13.__________ 依靠 14._________ 确保 a variety of stick to apply...to... help sb to one's feet face up/down depend on make sure 12 重点句型 1. As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. （教材p50） （动名词短语作主语，“get＋过去分词”结构表示被动） 可想而知，烧伤会造成严重后果。 2. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabricsticking to the burnt skin.（教材p51） （省略了主语和be动词的条件状语从句，可补全为if it is necessary） 如有必要，用剪刀剪掉烧伤部位的衣服，除非衣服与被烧伤的皮肤粘连在一起。 重点句型 13 重点句型 3. He was now holding his throat with his face turning red, while his desperate friends were slapping him on the back. （教材p56） （with复合结构作伴随状语） 只见他按着喉咙，满脸通红，他的几个朋友正拼命拍打他的背部。 4 It is so easy, in fact, that almost anyone can learn how.（教材p56） （so ... that ... 意为“如此……以至于”，that引导结果状语从句，in fact作插入语） 事实上，它非常容易操作，几乎所有人都能学会。 重点句型 14 1. It also helps control your body temperature，prevents your body from losing too much water... 2. As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. 3. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. 4. It is best to place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. 5. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 6. You can protect the burn by covering it with a clean cloth. (Subject 主语) (Predicative表语) (Object after a preposition介词后面的宾语) (Attribute定语) (Adverbial状语) (Object complement宾语补足语) (Object after a preposition介词后面的宾语) 语法体会：回归教材 非谓语动词之V-ing 动词 谓语 非谓语 done doing to do 具有动词的特征 具有名词的特征 具有形容词的特征 具有副词的特征 动名词 现在分词 主语 谓语 表语 宾语 定语 状语 宾补 ing 动词-ing形式的句法功能 v-ing功能分类 v-ing形式 动名词 现在分词 主语 宾语 表语 定语 定语 表语 状语 宾补 Playing with fire is dangerous. Jim likes jumping in muddy puddles. Her idea is building up a new company. People living there are quite friendly. He really needs a washing machine. The performance was really amazing. Laughing and talking, they went in. I love to watch her performing on the stage. 单元语法 1．As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. 2．You can protect the burnt area by covering it with a loose clean cloth. 3．The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. 4．It is best to place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. 5．If you see someone choking，first call the emergency services. 6．Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. Subject主语 Predicative表语 Attribute定语 Adverbial状语 Object complement宾语补足语 Object after a preposition宾语 宾语补足语 【同步训练】 主动语态 被动语态 肯定式 否定式 肯定式 否定式 一般式 doing 完成式 not doing being done not being done having done not having done having been done not having been done 形式 意义 doing having done done being done having been done 主动，与主句谓语动词同时或基本同时发生 主动，先于谓语动词发生 被动 被动，正在进行，一般作原因状语放句首 被动，先于谓语动词发生 动词-ing形式的基本结构 19 形容词性物主代词+动词-ing 名词所有格+动词-ing 人称代词宾格+动词-ing 名词+动词-ing 1. Do you mind my/ me/ Jack’s/ Jack leaving now? 2. His/ Tom’s winning the first prize last year impressed me a lot. 主语、宾语 宾语 动词-ing形式的复合结构 v-ing作主语 单个的动词 -ing 形式作主语时，谓语动词用_________。 多个的动词 -ing 形式作主语时，谓语动词用_________。 1. Placing burns under the cool running water is the most efficient step to stop the burning process. 2. Applying oil to the injuried area is a bad idea. 3. Singing songs and dancing are his hobbies. 单数形式 复数形式 v-ing作主语 多个的动词 -ing 形式作主语时， 表示一个整体概念时，谓语动词用_________; 表示不同意义时，谓语动词用_________。 1. Singing songs and dancing are his hobbies. 2. Reading and writing are two problems. 3. Getting up early and going bed early is good for your health. 4. Eating and dressing is a big question. 5. Loving and being loved is the same concept. 6. Going or staying is up for you to decide. 单数形式 复数形式 it作形式主语 常用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句尾的句式。 It is a waste of time doing... 做……是浪费时间。 It is no good/use doing... 做……是没用的。 It is worthwhile doing... 做……是值得的。 It is no fun doing... 做……没有乐趣。 e.g. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is a waste of time arguing with him about the matter. It is no good/use regretting. 有些动词后只能跟_______________作宾语，而不能跟动词不定式作宾语。 1. However, you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany… 2. Elsewhere, people favor shaking hands, bowing from the waist, or nodding the head when they meet someone else. 3. Would you mind opening the window? v-ing作宾语 动词-ing形式 有此用法的动词有： 常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀: 考虑建议盼原谅， 承认推迟没得想， 避免错过继续练， 否认完成停能赏， 不禁介意准逃亡， 不准冒险凭想象。 consider, suggest / advise, look forward to, pardon admit, delay / put off, fancy avoid, miss, keep / keep on, practise deny, finish, stop, enjoy / appreciate can’t help, mind, allow/ permit, escape forbid, risk, imagine v-ing作宾语 动词-ing形式作___________的宾语。 1. My father is used to going to bed late and getting up very early. 2. I’m looking forward to receiving your reply. 3. He insist on doing it in his own way. v-ing作宾语 介词 注意： 常见to作介词的短语： 献身于 devote oneself to 期待做某事 look forward to 反对 object to 习惯于 be used/accustomed to 导致 lead to 坚持 insist on/stick to 注意 pay attention to 着手做某事 get down to 做某事的方法 the approach to doing 有些动词如continue, start, begin等后面即可接_________________________，意义_________。 1. He continue working/to work as if nothing happened. 2. When did you start doing/to do your homework? 3. They begin muting/to mute their voices, not be as assertive(坚定自信的). v-ing作宾语 动名词也可接不定式作宾语 差别不大 在love, like, prefer, hate等动词后接v-ing指_____________, 接 to do指__________。 He preferred staying in the house when it rained. He preferred to stay at home this afternoon. v-ing作宾语 经常性的动作 具体的动作 v.-ing作宾语，指每逢下雨天都呆在家里。 to do作宾语，表示今天下午留在家里这一具体动作。 有些动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词­ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。 v-ing作宾语 eg I remember posting the letter. I’ll remember to post the letter. I shall never forget seeing the famous writer. Don’t forget to write to your mother. 我已把信寄了。 我会记着去寄信的。 我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。 不要忘了给你母亲写信。 下列动词可接动词­ing形式的主动形式表示_________，相当于_________________。 The bike needs repairing/to be repaired. The carpet wants cleaning/to be cleaned. v-ing作宾语 被动意义 不定式的被动形式 need/want/require/deserve doing＝need/want/require/deserve to be done 分词作表语 1. The argument is very convincing． 2. The situation both at home and abroad is encouraging． 3. They were very shocked at the news. 4. The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much. 分词作表语，多表示_____________________________。 现在分词作表语，多表示主语具有的______，常译为____________; 过去分词作表语，多表示主语具有的______，常译为____________。 现在分词 现在分词 过去分词 过去分词 特征 令人……的 状态 感到……的 主语具有的特征和状态 1. Seeing is believing. 2. Her job is cleaning the windows of that high building. 3. What pleases him is bathing under the sun． 4. What Tom hates most is being looked down upon. 动名词作表语与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可__________。 互换位置 v-ing作表语 His job is interesting. His job is serving the people. 现在分词说明主语的________；动名词说明主语的_______。因此，动名词作表语可以和主语___________，而现在分词_________和主语互换位置。 Interesting is his job. Serving the people is his job. 现在分词 动名词 特征 内容 互换位置 不可以 v-ing作表语 现在分词和动名词作表语的区别 a barking dog v-ing作定语 现在分词作定语表示名词的状态：进行、主动。 1.定义 a sleeping baby an exhausting work a disappointing result 动名词作定语表示名词的性质。 a washing machine a swimming pool 动名词作定语表示名词的用途。 v-ing作定语的定义： 现在分词作定语，表示正在______的或______的动作 动名词表示被修饰词的_____和_____。 进行 主动 性质 用途 a girl dancing on the stage a tower being built there a vase dating back to Han Dynasty v-ing作定语 现在分词作定语的位置： 单个分词作定语一般放在修饰词的_______，现在分词短语作定语通常放在修饰词的_______，并且可以转化为一个________从句。 后面 前面 定语 v-ing作宾补 使用v-ing形式作宾补，常表示宾语和宾补之间是主动关系或表示v-ing形式的动作正在进行。 We can see a boy singing in the picture. 宾语补足语 主语 谓语 宾语 We see her listening to music. We can see four kids running on the playground. The police caught the man stealing the money. 作宾补 主动 ____________ 被动 ____________ 在_____________后作宾补 在_____________后作宾补 在_____________后作宾补 doing being done 感官动词 使役动词 with复合结构 v-ing形式 形式 用法 1. Hearing the news, they immediately set off for Shanghai. 2. Being tired, I stopped to have a rest. 3. The snow lasted a week, causing serious traffic confusions. 4. Working hard, you will finally succeed. 时间状语 原因状语 结果状语 条件状语 5. Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasn’t tried her best. 6. Please answer the question, using another way. 7. Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant, feeling frustrated. 让步状语 方式状语 伴随状语 v-ing作状语 现在分词（短语）作状语，修饰谓语动词，在意义上相当于状语从句，可以与状语从句转换，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、让步等。其逻辑主语为句子的主语，两者之间为主动关系。 Hearing the news, he got frightened.  When he heard the news, he got frightened. 1.v-ing形式作时间状语 相当于相当于as, when, while,until等引导的一个时间状语从句 Not knowing her address, I can't write to her.  Because I don’t know her address, I can't write to her.  2.v-ing形式作原因状语 相当于as，because等引导的一个原因状语从句 Taking the path that leads out of the town, you will come to a lake.  If you take the path that leads out of the town, you will come to a lake.  3.v-ing形式作条件状语 相当于由if，unless，once等引导的一个条件状语从句 红令担塘秩已蝶徽采碉玲喷殉句庐格秩块储稳根浴疡哺箱替狸爸衡佐漱宇非谓语动词做状语93842非谓语动词做状语93842 Living miles away, he attended the course.  Although he lived miles away, he attended the course. 4.v-ing形式作让步状语 相当于由although，though，as if/though等引导的一个让步状语从句 They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. They stoodthere for half an hour and watched the stars in the sky. 5.v-ing形式作方式、伴随状语 The child fell off the tree, hitting his head against the ground. The child fell off the tree, and he hit his head against the ground. 6.v-ing形式作结果状语 相当于由so，and等引导的一个并列句 相当于and引导的一个并列句 (2)连词＋动词-ing形式 由when/while/once/if/though/unless/as if等引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，如果从句的谓语动词是主动语态，则可以省略从句的主语，而保留原连词，形成“连词＋动词-ing形式”的结构形式。 Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university. ＝Though they lacked money, his parents managed to send him to university. 尽管他父母缺钱，但是他们还是设法把他送去上大学了。 (3)独立成分 有些动词-ing短语在句中可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，其动词形式的选择不受上下文的影响，通常作评注性状语。常见的有：considering(鉴于；考虑到)； judging from/by(从……来看；依据……来判断)； supposing that(假定……)； providing that ...(假定……)； owing to(由于……) Considering he has just started, he knows quite a lot about it. 鉴于他才刚刚开始，他懂的已经不少了。 动词-ing 句法功能： 主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补 基本结构： 复合结构： having done（主动） 一般式 完成式 doing（主动） being done（被动） having been done（被动） 形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+动词-ing(主/宾) 人称代词宾格/名词+动词-ing(宾语) 假定你和你班同学李明从锅炉房打完开水，在回寝室的路上，李明的热水瓶突然破裂，开水烫伤了他的脚。于是你对他实施了必要的急救措施。请你结合此事，用英语写一篇记叙文，内容包括： 1．描述事件发生的经过； 2．你是如何实施急救的； 3．简要谈谈你对掌握急救知识重要性的认识。 参考词汇：锅炉房boiler house　热水瓶 thermos/ˈθɜːməs/ bottle Para1: Para2: Para3: 使用非谓语动词结构和when引导的时间状语从句，直接点明故事的背景。 运用一系列动词来强调动作的连贯性和紧迫感，叙述故事的发展过程。 运用倒装结构和what引导的宾语从句来说明我对急救知识重要性的认识。 essay 要点陈述，语言规范 1．使用非谓语动词结构和when引导的时间状语从句，直接点明故事的背景。 一天，李明和我从锅炉房打完开水回寝室的路上，李明的热水瓶 (thermos bottle )突然破裂，开水烫伤了他的脚。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One day，Li Ming and I were on our way back to the dormitory after fetching some boiling water from the boiler house when Li Ming's thermos bottle burst and the boiling water caused severe injuries to his feet. 2．运用一系列动词来强调动作的连贯性和紧迫感，叙述故事的发展过程。 (1)我把他带到附近的水龙头旁，然后用冷水冲洗他的脚。 _____________________________________________________________________________ (2)他的疼痛减轻了。 _________________ (3)我叫了一辆出租车，立即把他送到了医院。 ________________________________________ (4)他得到了进一步的治疗。 _______________________________ I carried him to the water tap nearby and put his feet under the cool running water. He was less painful. I called a taxi and rushed him to the hospital. He received a further treatment. 1．运用until把句(1)和句(2)连接起来。 I carried him to the water tap nearby and put his feet under the cool running water until he was less painful. 2．运用定语从句把句(3)和句(4)衔接起来。 I called a taxi and rushed him to the hospital where he received a further treatment. 3．运用倒装结构和what引导的宾语从句来说明我对急救知识重要性的认识。 只有那时，我才意识到急救基础知识能产生重大作用，特别是在这样一种情况下。 _______________ Only then was I aware what a big difference a basic knowledge of first aid can make, especially in such a case. Accidents always happen suddenly. One day, Li Ming and I were on our way back to the dormitory after fetching some boiling water from the boiler house when Li Ming’s thermos bottle burst and the boiling water caused severe injuries to his feet. The burn was so severe that the skin was red and swollen. Immediately, I carried him to the water tap nearby and put his feet under the cool running water until he was less painful. Afterwards, I called a taxi and rushed him to the hospital where he received a further treatment. Only then was I aware what a big difference a basic knowledge of first aid can make, especially in such a case. 范文 课堂巩固 一、单句语法填空。 (2022新高考I卷) __________ (cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. (2022全国甲卷) He flew 4,700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, __________ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. (2022全国乙卷) ________________ (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, __________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. Covering planning To strengthen inviting 课堂巩固 (2021新课标II卷)I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ________ (think)it is food. (2021全国甲卷) After _________ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action. (2021全国乙卷) Minimize the impact of _________(visit)the place. (2021年北京卷) There have been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, ________(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. (2021年北京卷)From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, ________(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss． thinking spending visiting causing resulting (2020年浙江卷) Later, they learned to work with the seasons, planting at the right time and, in dry areas, ______ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉) their fields. (2020年新课标全国卷III) When he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds _____________ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. (2019新课标I卷) Scientists have responded by _________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating (聚集) around human settlements. (2019新课标II卷) A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for ________(be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week. making surrounding noting being (2019新课标II卷) When we got a call ______________(say)she was short-listed, we thought it was a joke. (2019年北京卷) Nervously _________(face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”. (2018新课标I卷) You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___________(die) early by running. (2020年全国新高考I卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or ____________ (walk) through a rainforest. dying walking saying facing 二、完成句子。 1.急救是在救护车到达之前，在事故现场对受伤或突然生病的人进行的初步援助或治疗。 _______________is the initial assistance or treatment given at the site of accident to someone who is injured or suddenly _______________, before the arrival of ambulance. 2.虽然目睹这样的事故可能会令人痛苦，但第一个在现场的人的行动是非常重要的。 While _____________________ like this can be distressing, the actions of the first person _______________ are hugely important. 3.因此，让学生掌握基本的急救技能是非常必要的。 Thus, ________ students with basic _______________ is extremely essential. 课堂巩固 First aid taken ill witnessing an accident on the scene equipping first aid skills 谢谢观看 人教版2019选择性必修第二册 THANKS 人教版2019选择性必修第二册 $$