Unit 1 Laugh out loud 定语从句（单元核心语法精练）英语外研版2019选择性必修第一册

Unit 1 Laugh out loud 核心语法精练(定语从句) 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 4 二、句型转换 8 三、翻译句子 11 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 13 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 14 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 1. The old man, ______ is sitting under the tree, is my grandfather. 2. The book, ______ I bought yesterday, is very interesting. 3. The house, ______ windows face the south, is very expensive. 4. Tom, ______ I went to the cinema with last night, likes action movies. 5. The meeting, ______ lasted two hours, was very boring. 6. The singer, ______ songs are popular among young people, will hold a concert next week. 7. My sister, ______ lives in Beijing, is a doctor. 8. The city, ______ I visited last summer, has a long history. 9. The boy, ______ mother is a teacher, studies very hard. 10. The factory, ______ my father works, is far from our home. 11. The story, ______ he told us just now, is very funny. 12. The movie, ______ was shown last night, is about a true story. 13. The day, ______ we first met, was sunny. 14. The car, ______ color is black, belongs to my uncle. 15. The school, ______ my brother graduated from, is one of the best in the city. 16. The man, ______ you talked to at the party, is my boss. 17. The building, ______ was built in 1990, is still in good condition. 18. The girl, ______ hair is long and beautiful, is my classmate. 19. The park, ______ we often go for a walk after dinner, is very beautiful. 20. The book, ______ I borrowed from the library, is very useful for my study. 二、句型转换 1. 原句：My friend is a good dancer. She practices dancing every day. 2. 原句：The pen is new. I bought it last week. 3. 原句：The house is big. Its balcony is very large. 4. 原句：The boy is my neighbor. You played basketball with him yesterday. 5. 原句：The meeting was important. It was held in the conference room. 6. 原句：The girl is smart. Her ideas are always creative. 7. 原句：The factory is modern. We visited it last month. 8. 原句：The day was sunny. We went fishing on that day. 9. 原句：The reason is obvious. He was late for the reason. 10. 原句：The car is fast. Its engine is powerful. 11. 原句：The film is moving. We watched it last night. 12. 原句：The town is quiet. I grew up in the town. 13. 原句：The man is a writer. You talked about him at the meeting. 14. 原句：The book is interesting. Its cover is colorful. 15. 原句：The school is famous. My sister studies in the school. 三、翻译句子 1. 我有一个姐姐，她在一家大公司工作。 2. 我们参观了那座古老的城堡，它有几百年的历史了。 3. 我买了一本新书，它的内容非常有价值。 4. 我的老师，我们都很尊敬他，教我们数学。 5. 昨天我们去了一家餐厅，那里的食物很美味。 6. 他有一只宠物狗，狗很可爱。 7. 我们学校前面有一个公园，我们经常在那里玩耍。 8. 我的朋友，他喜欢运动，每天都锻炼身体。 9. 我们看了一场电影，电影的情节很吸引人。 10. 这个小镇，我在那里度过了我的童年，变化很大。 11. 她的妈妈，是一名医生，经常帮助有需要的人。 12. 我们参观了一个博物馆，里面有很多珍贵的文物。 13. 他写了一本小说，小说受到了读者的广泛欢迎。 14. 我的邻居，他的孩子和我在同一所学校上学，非常友好。 15. 我们去了一个村庄，那里的风景很美。 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 1. Reading Charlie Chaplin is one of the most famous 1.______ (comedy) in the history of the cinema. His charming character, the little tramp, is well-known around the world. Chaplin was born in London in 1889. His family was poor, and he had a tough childhood. However, these early experiences 2.______ (provide) him with rich material for his later work. In his films, Chaplin often played a poor and homeless man 3.______ wore large trousers, 4.______ (carry) a walking stick and had a funny moustache. The character was always in difficult situations, but he never lost his hope. He used humor to deal with 5.______ (difficult). For example, in the film The Gold Rush, Chaplin's character is in the middle of a snowstorm in a small wooden house. He is so hungry 6.______ he cooks and eats a pair of shoes! This scene, 7.______ is both funny and sad, shows Chaplin's genius for comedy. Chaplin's films not only entertained people but also made them think. They often commented on social problems of 8.______ (he) time, such as poverty and inequality. His work 9.______ (influence) generations of filmmakers and comedians ever since. Chaplin's unique style and his ability to blend humor with emotion made him a true master of the art of 10.______ (entertain). 2. Extended reading A humor magazine is a publication 1.______ is mainly focused on making people laugh. It usually contains a variety of 2.______ (fun) articles, cartoons, jokes, and other forms of humorous content. These magazines can cover a wide range of topics, from everyday life 3.______ current events. One of the 4.______ (popular) humor magazines in history was Punch, 5.______ was founded in London in 1841. Punch played 6.______ important role in the development of British humor. It featured political satire, social commentary, and funny stories, 7.______ (appeal) to a wide audience. The magazine's cartoons were especially famous, and many of them 8.______ (become) iconic images of the Victorian era. In modern times, there are many different humor magazines around the world. Some are aimed at 9.______ (specifically) interests, such as science fiction humor or pet - related humor. Others are more general, 10.______ (offer) a mix of funny content for all kinds of readers. These magazines not only bring joy to people's lives but also provide a unique perspective on the world through humor. 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A （2024·广东梅州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Harbin is the capital of Heilongjiang province. Harbin is now a large and open city, 1 (influence) deeply by Russia, Europe, and Japan in 2 (it) culture, architecture, and lifestyle. Harbin is one of the most popular destinations for winter tours, 3 (host) the world’s biggest ice and snow festival. Harbin 4 (become) world-famous for having the largest ice and snow festival. The opening ceremony is held 5 January 5 every year. Lasting for more than two months, Harbin Ice and Snow international festival is also 6 longest snow festival in the world. 7 (near) all the ice for the festival is cut from the Songhua River in Harbin. The most popular place is the Harbin Ice and Snow World, 8 is like a frozen Disneyland, and you can see the big ice and snow castles, carto on sculptures and enjoy the biggest 9 (vary) of snow sports and activities in the world. There are also ice and snow sculptures exhibitions on Sun Island and an ice lantern show in Zhaolin Park. Harbin has long been a popular winter destination for snow tourism and skiing experiences. If you are skiing lovers, Yabuli Ski Resort and Jihua Ski Resort 10 (recommend). 【答案】 1. influenced 2. its 3. hosting 4. has become /becomes 5. on 6. the 7. Nearly 8. which 9. variety 10. are recommended /will be recommended 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要内容为哈尔滨是冬季旅游的热门目的地之一，举办着世界上最大的冰雪节。哈尔滨因拥有最大的冰雪节而闻名于世。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：哈尔滨是黑龙江省的省会。哈尔滨现在是一个开放的大城市，在文化、建筑和生活方式上深受俄罗斯、欧洲和日本的影响。分析句子，句中is是谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处Harbin与influence之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作状语。故填influenced。 2. 考查代词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用it的形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰culture。故填culture。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：哈尔滨是最受欢迎的冬季旅游目的地之一，举办世界上最大的冰雪节。分析句子，句中is为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处Harbin与host之间是主动关系，且表示伴随，故使用现在分词作状语。故填hosting。 4. 考查动词时态。句意：哈尔滨因拥有最大的冰雪节而闻名世界。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时；同时此处也可以表示动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，即使用现在完成时。故填becomes或者has become。 5. 考查介词。句意：每年的1月5日举行开幕式。分析句子，表示“在具体某一天”介词用on。故填on。 6. 考查冠词。句意：哈尔滨国际冰雪节持续两个多月，也是世界上最长的雪节。分析句子，句中longest为形容词最高级，此处表示特指，设空处应该使用定冠词。故填the。 7. 考查副词。句意：几乎所有用于该节日的冰都是从哈尔滨的松花江上切下来的。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，修饰句子，意为“几乎”。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Nearly。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：最受欢迎的地方是哈尔滨冰雪大世界，它就像一个冰冻的迪斯尼乐园，你可以看到巨大的冰雪城堡，汽车上的雕塑，享受世界上种类最多的冰雪运动和活动。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Harbin Ice and Snow World，为物，故使用which。故填which。 9. 考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用vary的名词variety作宾语。故填variety。 10. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：如果你是滑雪爱好者，Yabuli滑雪场和 Jihua滑雪场会被推荐。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据句中的if可知，句子符合“主将从现”，从句使用一般现在时，主句使用一般将来时。同时Yabuli Ski Resort，Jihua Ski Resort与recommend之间是被动关系，故使用一般将来时的被动语态。同时该句子也可以表述客观事实，故也可使用一般现在时的被动语态。故答案为are recommended/will be recommended。 B （2024·广东汕头·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the gentle winter sunlight, Gulangyu Island lies like a pearl in the ocean, quietly revealing 1 (it) unique charm. This small island is a witness 2 history. Every brick seems to tell stories of the past. 3 (original) named “Yuanshazhou” and also known as “Yuanzhouzi”, it 4 (refer) to as “Wulongyu” during the Southern Song Dynasty. Later, due to the sound resembling a drum, it was renamed “Gulangyu.” Famous for its natural landscapes and cultural heritage, Gulangyu boasts 5 (attraction) such as Sunlight Rock, Shuzhuang Garden, and more. Figures like Ba Jin and Lin Yutang found inspiration here, 6 (enrich) the island’s intellectual heritage. During the winter, life here seems to slow down. In the early morning, it’s preferable to walk through the alleys 7 (surround) by European-style buildings. Breathing in the air filled with the smell of the sea 8 (bring) an extraordinary sense of freshness and joy. 9 walk to Sunlight Rock on the island offers a view of the entire city of Xiamen. In the afternoon, one can enjoy a rich cup of coffee in a café by the sea, 10 feels like being in a moving painting with the occasional fishing boat passing by. As the sun sets, the entire island is enveloped in a golden sunset. At this moment, Gulangyu becomes even more gentle and romantic. 【答案】 1. its 2. to 3. Originally 4. was referred 5. attractions 6. enriching 7. surrounded 8. brings 9. A 10. which 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鼓浪屿的历史以及景点等信息。 1. 考查代词。句意：在冬日柔和的阳光下，鼓浪屿像一颗明珠，静静地躺在大海里，展现着它独特的魅力。修饰名词charm，需用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 2. 考查介词。句意：这座小岛是历史的见证。a witness to为固定搭配，意为“……的见证者”。故填to。 3. 考查副词。句意：它原名“圆沙洲”，也被称为“圆舟仔”，在南宋时期被称为“五龙屿”。修饰动词named需用副词originally，作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Originally。 4. 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意同上。根据时间状语“during the Southern Song Dynasty”可知，此处使用一般过去时，it和refer为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为it，be动词用was。故填was referred。 5. 考查名词。句意：鼓浪屿以其自然景观和文化遗产而闻名，拥有日光岩，菽庄花园等景点。根据“such as Sunlight Rock, Shuzhuang Garden, and more”可知，此处使用名词复数形式attractions，作宾语。故填attractions。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：巴金和林语堂等人物在这里找到了灵感，丰富了该岛的知识遗产。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，Figures和enrich为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填enriching。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：清晨，最好在被欧式建筑包围的小巷中漫步。空处修饰名词the alleys，作后置定语，the alleys和surround为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。 8. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：呼吸着充满大海气息的空气，会带来一种非凡的清新和喜悦。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语Breathing in the air filled with the smell of the sea，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填brings。 9. 考查冠词。句意：走到岛上的阳光岩，可以看到整个厦门市的景色。walk表示泛指，且walk发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填A。 10. 考查定语从句。句意：下午，可以在海边的咖啡馆里享受一杯浓郁的咖啡，偶尔有渔船经过，感觉就像在一幅移动的画中。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 C 【来源】广东省广州市第五中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 The Palace Museum is becoming waste-free as the 720,000-square-meter structure has managed 1 (reduce) the number of rubbish bins to 110 sets in areas open to the public. This is a decrease from 310 sets 2 (record) in January 2020, when a zero-waste campaign 3 (launch), said the museum. While protecting features of the six-century-old historical relic, the action also helps visitors and tourists get into 4 habit of creating less waste. Up to now, four types of rubbish bins have been equipped following Beijing’s regulations on the management of household waste. Cleaning staff also check them to make sure all rubbish is 5 (correct) sorted, which is later transported to different destinations for disposal (处理). The museum also recycled more than 32,000 plastic 6 (bottle) to make cultural and creative products between June 2021 and October 2023, 7 (mean) a reduction in carbon emission by 931 kilograms. By launching the campaign, the Palace Museum is taking a careful, science-based way to waste management. The target is to minimize the production of waste 8 needs to be buried or burned and bring the amount of such waste as close 9 zero as possible. So far, about 3,000 museum staff members, 40,000 tourist guides, and 21 million visitors 10 (participate) in the campaign. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Laugh out loud 核心语法精练(定语从句) 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 4 二、句型转换 8 三、翻译句子 11 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 13 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 14 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 1. The old man, ______ is sitting under the tree, is my grandfather. 答案：先行词是“The old man”，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以填who。非限制性定语从句中，指人作主语时用who引导 。 2. The book, ______ I bought yesterday, is very interesting. 答案：先行词是“The book”，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，所以填which。非限制性定语从句中，指物作宾语用which引导 。 3. The house, ______ windows face the south, is very expensive. 答案：先行词是“The house”，关系词在从句中作定语修饰“windows”，表示“房子的”，所以填whose。whose在从句中作定语，可指人或物 。 4. Tom, ______ I went to the cinema with last night, likes action movies. 答案：先行词是“Tom”，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，所以填whom。在正式语境中，指人作宾语用whom引导非限制性定语从句 。 5. The meeting, ______ lasted two hours, was very boring. 答案：先行词是“The meeting”，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以填which。非限制性定语从句中，指物作主语用which引导 。 6. The singer, ______ songs are popular among young people, will hold a concert next week. 答案：先行词是“The singer”，关系词在从句中作定语修饰“songs”，表示“歌手的”，所以填whose。whose用于修饰人，在从句中作定语 。 7. My sister, ______ lives in Beijing, is a doctor. 答案：先行词是“My sister”，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以填who。先行词指人且在从句作主语，用who引导非限制性定语从句 。 8. The city, ______ I visited last summer, has a long history. 答案：先行词是“The city”，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，所以填which。先行词为物且在从句作宾语，非限制性定语从句用which引导 。 9. The boy, ______ mother is a teacher, studies very hard. 答案：先行词是“The boy”，关系词在从句中作定语修饰“mother”，表示“男孩的”，所以填whose。whose用于修饰人，在从句中作定语 。 10. The factory, ______ my father works, is far from our home. 答案：先行词是“The factory”，表示地点，在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，所以填where。where在从句中作地点状语，相当于“in which” 。 11. The story, ______ he told us just now, is very funny. 答案：先行词是“The story”，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，所以填which。非限制性定语从句中，先行词为物且作宾语，用which引导 。 12. The movie, ______ was shown last night, is about a true story. 答案：先行词是“The movie”，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以填which。非限制性定语从句中，先行词为物且作主语，用which引导 。 13. The day, ______ we first met, was sunny. 答案：先行词是“The day”，表示时间，在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，所以填when。when在从句中作时间状语 。 14. The car, ______ color is black, belongs to my uncle. 答案：先行词是“The car”，关系词在从句中作定语修饰“color”，表示“汽车的”，所以填whose。whose用于修饰物，在从句中作定语 。 15. The school, ______ my brother graduated from, is one of the best in the city. 答案：先行词是“The school”，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，所以填which。先行词为物且在从句作宾语，非限制性定语从句用which引导 。 16. The man, ______ you talked to at the party, is my boss. 答案：先行词是“The man”，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，所以填whom。先行词为人且作宾语，正式表达用whom引导非限制性定语从句 。 17. The building, ______ was built in 1990, is still in good condition. 答案：先行词是“The building”，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以填which。非限制性定语从句中，先行词为物且作主语，用which引导 。 18. The girl, ______ hair is long and beautiful, is my classmate. 答案：先行词是“The girl”，关系词在从句中作定语修饰“hair”，表示“女孩的”，所以填whose。whose用于修饰人，在从句中作定语 。 19. The park, ______ we often go for a walk after dinner, is very beautiful. 答案：先行词是“The park”，表示地点，在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，所以填where。where在从句中作地点状语，相当于“in which” 。 20. The book, ______ I borrowed from the library, is very useful for my study. 答案：先行词是“The book”，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，所以填which。非限制性定语从句中，先行词为物且作宾语，用which引导 。 二、句型转换 1. 原句：My friend is a good dancer. She practices dancing every day. 2. 原句：The pen is new. I bought it last week. 3. 原句：The house is big. Its balcony is very large. 4. 原句：The boy is my neighbor. You played basketball with him yesterday. 5. 原句：The meeting was important. It was held in the conference room. 6. 原句：The girl is smart. Her ideas are always creative. 7. 原句：The factory is modern. We visited it last month. 8. 原句：The day was sunny. We went fishing on that day. 9. 原句：The reason is obvious. He was late for the reason. 10. 原句：The car is fast. Its engine is powerful. 11. 原句：The film is moving. We watched it last night. 12. 原句：The town is quiet. I grew up in the town. 13. 原句：The man is a writer. You talked about him at the meeting. 14. 原句：The book is interesting. Its cover is colorful. 15. 原句：The school is famous. My sister studies in the school. 答案： 1.转换句：My friend, who practices dancing every day, is a good dancer. 详解：把后一句变为非限制性定语从句修饰“My friend”，先行词是人且在从句中作主语，用who引导 。 2.转换句：The pen, which I bought last week, is new. 详解：“I bought it last week”修饰“The pen”，先行词是物且在从句中作宾语，用which引导非限制性定语从句，同时去掉原句中的it 。 3.转换句：The house, whose balcony is very large, is big. 详解：用whose引导非限制性定语从句修饰“The house”，表示“房子的阳台”，whose在从句中作定语 。 4.转换句：The boy, whom you played basketball with yesterday, is my neighbor. 详解：先行词是“The boy”，指人，在从句中作宾语，用whom引导非限制性定语从句 ，“play basketball with sb.”，with也可放在whom前，即The boy, with whom you played basketball yesterday, is my neighbor. 5.转换句：The meeting, which was held in the conference room, was important. 详解：先行词是“The meeting”，指物，在从句中作主语，用which引导非限制性定语从句 。 6.转换句：The girl, whose ideas are always creative, is smart. 详解：用whose引导非限制性定语从句修饰“The girl”，表示“女孩的想法”，whose在从句中作定语 。 7.转换句：The factory, which we visited last month, is modern. 详解：先行词是“The factory”，指物，在从句中作宾语，用which引导非限制性定语从句，去掉原句中的it 。 8.转换句：The day, when we went fishing, was sunny. 详解：先行词是“The day”，表示时间，在从句中作时间状语，用when引导非限制性定语从句 。 9.转换句：The reason, why he was late, is obvious. 详解：先行词是“The reason”，在从句中作原因状语，用why引导非限制性定语从句（非限制性定语从句中表原因不能用that引导 ）。 10.转换句：The car, whose engine is powerful, is fast. 详解：用whose引导非限制性定语从句修饰“The car”，表示“汽车的发动机”，whose在从句中作定语 。 11.转换句：The film, which we watched last night, is moving. 详解：先行词是“The film”，指物，在从句中作宾语，用which引导非限制性定语从句，去掉原句中的it 。 12.转换句：The town, where I grew up, is quiet. 详解：先行词是“The town”，表示地点，在从句中作地点状语，用where引导非限制性定语从句 。 13.转换句：The man, whom you talked about at the meeting, is a writer. 详解：先行词是“The man”，指人，在从句中作宾语，用whom引导非限制性定语从句，“talk about sb.”，about也可放在whom前，即The man, about whom you talked at the meeting, is a writer. 14.转换句：The book, whose cover is colorful, is interesting. 详解：用whose引导非限制性定语从句修饰“The book”，表示“书的封面”，whose在从句中作定语 。 15.转换句：The school, where my sister studies, is famous. 详解：先行词是“The school”，表示地点，在从句中作地点状语，用where引导非限制性定语从句 。 三、翻译句子 1. 我有一个姐姐，她在一家大公司工作。 2. 我们参观了那座古老的城堡，它有几百年的历史了。 3. 我买了一本新书，它的内容非常有价值。 4. 我的老师，我们都很尊敬他，教我们数学。 5. 昨天我们去了一家餐厅，那里的食物很美味。 6. 他有一只宠物狗，狗很可爱。 7. 我们学校前面有一个公园，我们经常在那里玩耍。 8. 我的朋友，他喜欢运动，每天都锻炼身体。 9. 我们看了一场电影，电影的情节很吸引人。 10. 这个小镇，我在那里度过了我的童年，变化很大。 11. 她的妈妈，是一名医生，经常帮助有需要的人。 12. 我们参观了一个博物馆，里面有很多珍贵的文物。 13. 他写了一本小说，小说受到了读者的广泛欢迎。 14. 我的邻居，他的孩子和我在同一所学校上学，非常友好。 15. 我们去了一个村庄，那里的风景很美。 【答案】 1.译文：I have a sister, who works in a big company. 详解：先行词是“a sister”，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用who引导非限制性定语从句 。 2.译文：We visited the ancient castle, which has a history of hundreds of years. 详解：先行词是“the ancient castle”，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用which引导非限制性定语从句 。 3.译文：I bought a new book, whose content is very valuable. 详解：先行词是“a new book”，关系词在从句中作定语修饰“content”，表示“书的”，用whose引导非限制性定语从句 。 4.译文：My teacher, whom we all respect, teaches us math. 详解：先行词是“My teacher”，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作宾语，用whom引导非限制性定语从句 。 5.译文：Yesterday we went to a restaurant, where the food was very delicious. 详解：先行词是“a restaurant”，表示地点，在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，用where引导非限制性定语从句 。 6.译文：He has a pet dog, which is very lovely. 详解：先行词是“a pet dog”，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用which引导非限制性定语从句 。 7.译文：There is a park in front of our school, where we often play. 详解：先行词是“a park”，表示地点，在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，用where引导非限制性定语从句 。 8.译文：My friend, who likes sports, exercises every day. 详解：先行词是“My friend”，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用who引导非限制性定语从句 。 9.译文：We watched a movie, whose plot was very attractive. 详解：先行词是“a movie”，关系词在从句中作定语修饰“plot”，表示“电影的”，用whose引导非限制性定语从句 。 10.译文：The small town, where I spent my childhood, has changed a lot. 详解：先行词是“The small town”，表示地点，在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，用where引导非限制性定语从句 ，从句时态用一般过去时描述过去的经历，主句用现在完成时表示对现在的影响 。 11.译文：Her mother, who is a doctor, often helps people in need. 详解：先行词是“Her mother”，指人，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用who引导非限制性定语从句 。 12.译文：We visited a museum, where there were many precious cultural relics. 详解：先行词是“a museum”，表示地点，在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，用where引导非限制性定语从句 。 13.译文：He wrote a novel, which was widely welcomed by readers. 详解：先行词是“a novel”，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用which引导非限制性定语从句 。 14.译文：My neighbor, whose child goes to the same school as me, is very friendly. 详解：先行词是“My neighbor”，关系词在从句中作定语修饰“child”，表示“邻居的”，用whose引导非限制性定语从句 。 15.译文：We went to a village, where the scenery was very beautiful. 详解：先行词是“a village”，表示地点，在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，用where引导非限制性定语从句 。 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 1. Reading Charlie Chaplin is one of the most famous 1.______ (comedy) in the history of the cinema. His charming character, the little tramp, is well-known around the world. Chaplin was born in London in 1889. His family was poor, and he had a tough childhood. However, these early experiences 2.______ (provide) him with rich material for his later work. In his films, Chaplin often played a poor and homeless man 3.______ wore large trousers, 4.______ (carry) a walking stick and had a funny moustache. The character was always in difficult situations, but he never lost his hope. He used humor to deal with 5.______ (difficult). For example, in the film The Gold Rush, Chaplin's character is in the middle of a snowstorm in a small wooden house. He is so hungry 6.______ he cooks and eats a pair of shoes! This scene, 7.______ is both funny and sad, shows Chaplin's genius for comedy. Chaplin's films not only entertained people but also made them think. They often commented on social problems of 8.______ (he) time, such as poverty and inequality. His work 9.______ (influence) generations of filmmakers and comedians ever since. Chaplin's unique style and his ability to blend humor with emotion made him a true master of the art of 10.______ (entertain). 【答案】 1. 答案：comedians 详解：“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”，comedy的复数形式是comedians。 2. 答案：provided 详解：讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，provide的过去式是provided。 3. 答案：who / that 详解：先行词是man，指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句。 4. 答案：carried 详解：and连接并列谓语，played和had是过去式，所以carry也用过去式carried。 5. 答案：difficulties 详解：作deal with的宾语，用名词形式，difficulty是可数名词，此处用复数形式difficulties表示各种困难。 6. 答案：that 详解：so... that...是固定句型，表示“如此……以至于……” 。 7. 答案：which 详解：先行词是This scene，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用which引导，不能用that。 8. 答案：his 详解：修饰名词time，用形容词性物主代词his，表示“他那个时代”。 9. 答案：has influenced 详解：ever since常与现在完成时连用，主语His work是第三人称单数，所以用has influenced。 10. 答案：entertainment 详解：of是介词，后接名词作宾语，entertain的名词形式是entertainment 。 2. Extended reading A humor magazine is a publication 1.______ is mainly focused on making people laugh. It usually contains a variety of 2.______ (fun) articles, cartoons, jokes, and other forms of humorous content. These magazines can cover a wide range of topics, from everyday life 3.______ current events. One of the 4.______ (popular) humor magazines in history was Punch, 5.______ was founded in London in 1841. Punch played 6.______ important role in the development of British humor. It featured political satire, social commentary, and funny stories, 7.______ (appeal) to a wide audience. The magazine's cartoons were especially famous, and many of them 8.______ (become) iconic images of the Victorian era. In modern times, there are many different humor magazines around the world. Some are aimed at 9.______ (specifically) interests, such as science fiction humor or pet - related humor. Others are more general, 10.______ (offer) a mix of funny content for all kinds of readers. These magazines not only bring joy to people's lives but also provide a unique perspective on the world through humor. 【答案】 1. 答案：that / which 详解：先行词是publication，指物，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。 2. 答案：funny 详解：修饰名词articles，用形容词形式，fun的形容词是funny，表示“有趣的”。 3. 答案：to 详解：from... to...是固定搭配，表示“从……到……” 。 4. 答案：most popular 详解：“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”结构，popular的最高级是most popular。 5. 答案：which 详解：先行词是Punch，指物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用which引导，不能用that。 6. 答案：an 详解：play an important role in...是固定短语，表示“在……中起重要作用”，important以元音音素开头，用an。 7. 答案：appealing 详解：此处用现在分词作状语，表主动，appeal与主语It是主动关系。 8. 答案：became 详解：讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时，become的过去式是became。 9. 答案：specific 详解：修饰名词interests，用形容词形式，specifically的形容词是specific，表示“特定的”。 10. 答案：offering 详解：此处用现在分词作状语，表主动，offer与主语Others是主动关系 。 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A （2024·广东梅州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Harbin is the capital of Heilongjiang province. Harbin is now a large and open city, 1 (influence) deeply by Russia, Europe, and Japan in 2 (it) culture, architecture, and lifestyle. Harbin is one of the most popular destinations for winter tours, 3 (host) the world’s biggest ice and snow festival. Harbin 4 (become) world-famous for having the largest ice and snow festival. The opening ceremony is held 5 January 5 every year. Lasting for more than two months, Harbin Ice and Snow international festival is also 6 longest snow festival in the world. 7 (near) all the ice for the festival is cut from the Songhua River in Harbin. The most popular place is the Harbin Ice and Snow World, 8 is like a frozen Disneyland, and you can see the big ice and snow castles, carto on sculptures and enjoy the biggest 9 (vary) of snow sports and activities in the world. There are also ice and snow sculptures exhibitions on Sun Island and an ice lantern show in Zhaolin Park. Harbin has long been a popular winter destination for snow tourism and skiing experiences. If you are skiing lovers, Yabuli Ski Resort and Jihua Ski Resort 10 (recommend). 【答案】 1. influenced 2. its 3. hosting 4. has become /becomes 5. on 6. the 7. Nearly 8. which 9. variety 10. are recommended /will be recommended 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要内容为哈尔滨是冬季旅游的热门目的地之一，举办着世界上最大的冰雪节。哈尔滨因拥有最大的冰雪节而闻名于世。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：哈尔滨是黑龙江省的省会。哈尔滨现在是一个开放的大城市，在文化、建筑和生活方式上深受俄罗斯、欧洲和日本的影响。分析句子，句中is是谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处Harbin与influence之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作状语。故填influenced。 2. 考查代词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用it的形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰culture。故填culture。 3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：哈尔滨是最受欢迎的冬季旅游目的地之一，举办世界上最大的冰雪节。分析句子，句中is为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处Harbin与host之间是主动关系，且表示伴随，故使用现在分词作状语。故填hosting。 4. 考查动词时态。句意：哈尔滨因拥有最大的冰雪节而闻名世界。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时；同时此处也可以表示动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，即使用现在完成时。故填becomes或者has become。 5. 考查介词。句意：每年的1月5日举行开幕式。分析句子，表示“在具体某一天”介词用on。故填on。 6. 考查冠词。句意：哈尔滨国际冰雪节持续两个多月，也是世界上最长的雪节。分析句子，句中longest为形容词最高级，此处表示特指，设空处应该使用定冠词。故填the。 7. 考查副词。句意：几乎所有用于该节日的冰都是从哈尔滨的松花江上切下来的。分析句子，设空处使用副词作状语，修饰句子，意为“几乎”。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Nearly。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：最受欢迎的地方是哈尔滨冰雪大世界，它就像一个冰冻的迪斯尼乐园，你可以看到巨大的冰雪城堡，汽车上的雕塑，享受世界上种类最多的冰雪运动和活动。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Harbin Ice and Snow World，为物，故使用which。故填which。 9. 考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用vary的名词variety作宾语。故填variety。 10. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：如果你是滑雪爱好者，Yabuli滑雪场和 Jihua滑雪场会被推荐。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据句中的if可知，句子符合“主将从现”，从句使用一般现在时，主句使用一般将来时。同时Yabuli Ski Resort，Jihua Ski Resort与recommend之间是被动关系，故使用一般将来时的被动语态。同时该句子也可以表述客观事实，故也可使用一般现在时的被动语态。故答案为are recommended/will be recommended。 B （2024·广东汕头·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the gentle winter sunlight, Gulangyu Island lies like a pearl in the ocean, quietly revealing 1 (it) unique charm. This small island is a witness 2 history. Every brick seems to tell stories of the past. 3 (original) named “Yuanshazhou” and also known as “Yuanzhouzi”, it 4 (refer) to as “Wulongyu” during the Southern Song Dynasty. Later, due to the sound resembling a drum, it was renamed “Gulangyu.” Famous for its natural landscapes and cultural heritage, Gulangyu boasts 5 (attraction) such as Sunlight Rock, Shuzhuang Garden, and more. Figures like Ba Jin and Lin Yutang found inspiration here, 6 (enrich) the island’s intellectual heritage. During the winter, life here seems to slow down. In the early morning, it’s preferable to walk through the alleys 7 (surround) by European-style buildings. Breathing in the air filled with the smell of the sea 8 (bring) an extraordinary sense of freshness and joy. 9 walk to Sunlight Rock on the island offers a view of the entire city of Xiamen. In the afternoon, one can enjoy a rich cup of coffee in a café by the sea, 10 feels like being in a moving painting with the occasional fishing boat passing by. As the sun sets, the entire island is enveloped in a golden sunset. At this moment, Gulangyu becomes even more gentle and romantic. 【答案】 1. its 2. to 3. Originally 4. was referred 5. attractions 6. enriching 7. surrounded 8. brings 9. A 10. which 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鼓浪屿的历史以及景点等信息。 1. 考查代词。句意：在冬日柔和的阳光下，鼓浪屿像一颗明珠，静静地躺在大海里，展现着它独特的魅力。修饰名词charm，需用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 2. 考查介词。句意：这座小岛是历史的见证。a witness to为固定搭配，意为“……的见证者”。故填to。 3. 考查副词。句意：它原名“圆沙洲”，也被称为“圆舟仔”，在南宋时期被称为“五龙屿”。修饰动词named需用副词originally，作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Originally。 4. 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意同上。根据时间状语“during the Southern Song Dynasty”可知，此处使用一般过去时，it和refer为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为it，be动词用was。故填was referred。 5. 考查名词。句意：鼓浪屿以其自然景观和文化遗产而闻名，拥有日光岩，菽庄花园等景点。根据“such as Sunlight Rock, Shuzhuang Garden, and more”可知，此处使用名词复数形式attractions，作宾语。故填attractions。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：巴金和林语堂等人物在这里找到了灵感，丰富了该岛的知识遗产。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，Figures和enrich为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填enriching。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：清晨，最好在被欧式建筑包围的小巷中漫步。空处修饰名词the alleys，作后置定语，the alleys和surround为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。 8. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：呼吸着充满大海气息的空气，会带来一种非凡的清新和喜悦。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语Breathing in the air filled with the smell of the sea，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填brings。 9. 考查冠词。句意：走到岛上的阳光岩，可以看到整个厦门市的景色。walk表示泛指，且walk发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填A。 10. 考查定语从句。句意：下午，可以在海边的咖啡馆里享受一杯浓郁的咖啡，偶尔有渔船经过，感觉就像在一幅移动的画中。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 C 【来源】广东省广州市第五中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 The Palace Museum is becoming waste-free as the 720,000-square-meter structure has managed 1 (reduce) the number of rubbish bins to 110 sets in areas open to the public. This is a decrease from 310 sets 2 (record) in January 2020, when a zero-waste campaign 3 (launch), said the museum. While protecting features of the six-century-old historical relic, the action also helps visitors and tourists get into 4 habit of creating less waste. Up to now, four types of rubbish bins have been equipped following Beijing’s regulations on the management of household waste. Cleaning staff also check them to make sure all rubbish is 5 (correct) sorted, which is later transported to different destinations for disposal (处理). The museum also recycled more than 32,000 plastic 6 (bottle) to make cultural and creative products between June 2021 and October 2023, 7 (mean) a reduction in carbon emission by 931 kilograms. By launching the campaign, the Palace Museum is taking a careful, science-based way to waste management. The target is to minimize the production of waste 8 needs to be buried or burned and bring the amount of such waste as close 9 zero as possible. So far, about 3,000 museum staff members, 40,000 tourist guides, and 21 million visitors 10 (participate) in the campaign. 【答案】 1. to reduce 2. recorded 3. was launched 4. the 5. correctly 6. bottles 7. meaning 8. that/which 9. to 10. have participated 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了故宫博物院开展“故宮零废弃”运动的情况。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：72万平方米的故宫博物院已经成功地将开放区域的垃圾箱数量减少到110个，从而实现了零垃圾。manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”为固定搭配。故填to reduce。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：该博物馆表示，这比2020年1月发起零浪费运动时记录的310组有所减少。该句的谓语是is，且无连词，空处应用非谓语动词，record与名词sets之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填recorded。 3. 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：该博物馆表示，这比2020年1月发起零浪费运动时记录的310组有所减少。根据时间状语in January 2020可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，动词launch与主语campaign之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填was launched。 4. 考查冠词。句意：在保护这座六百年历史遗迹的同时，这一行动也帮助游客和游客养成减少浪费的习惯。根据of creating less waste可知，此处表示特指，以及get into the habit of…“养成……的习惯”为固定搭配。故填the。 5. 考查副词。句意：清洁人员也会检查它们，以确保所有垃圾都被正确分类，然后运往不同的目的地进行处理。修饰动词sorted应用副词。故填correctly。 6. 考查名词复数。句意：在2021年6月至2023年10月期间，该博物馆还回收了3.2万多个塑料瓶，用于制作文化创意产品，这意味着减少了931公斤的碳排放。根据32,000可知，此处应用名词复数，作宾语。故填bottles。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在2021年6月至2023年10月期间，该博物馆还回收了3.2万多个塑料瓶，用于制作文化创意产品，这意味着减少了931公斤的碳排放。该句的谓语是recycled，且无连词，空处应用非谓语动词，mean与前面句子之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填meaning。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：目标是尽量减少需要掩埋或焚烧的废物的产生，并使这类废物的数量尽可能接近于零。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是waste，指代事物，用关系代词that/which引导从句，在从句中作主语。故填that/which。 9. 考查介词。句意：目标是尽量减少需要掩埋或焚烧的废物的产生，并使这类废物的数量尽可能接近于零。close to“接近”为固定搭配。故填to。 10. 考查时态。句意：到目前为止，约有3000名博物馆工作人员、4万名导游和2100万名游客参与了这项活动。根据时间状语So far可知，空处应用现在完成时，表示过去动作对现在造成的影响。主谓一致，故填have participated。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$