Unit 3 Faster,higher,stranger 动名词（单元核心语法精练）英语外研版2019选择性必修第一册

Unit 3 Faster,higher,stranger 核心语法精练(动名词) 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 4 二、句型转换 8 三、翻译句子 11 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 13 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 14 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 1. ________ (swim) is a good way to keep fit. 2. It is no use ________ (complain) about the heavy traffic. 3. ________ (get) up early is a good habit. 4. Her job is ________ (look) after the old people in the nursing home. 5. The best way to relax is ________ (listen) to music. 6. I remember ________ (see) him somewhere before. 7. Stop ________ (talk) and listen to the teacher carefully. 8. He enjoys ________ (read) novels in his spare time. 9. Do you mind my ________ (open) the window? 10. The film is worth ________ (see) again. 11. I can't imagine ________ (live) without electricity. 12. She suggested ________ (go) for a picnic this weekend. 13. He devoted himself to ________ (help) the poor. 14. They have some difficulty in ________ (find) the lost child. 15. It's no good ________ (smoke). It's bad for your health. 16. The boy was busy ________ (do) his homework when I came in. 17. What about ________ (go) shopping this afternoon? 18. I'm looking forward to ________ (hear) from you soon. 19. Would you mind ________ (turn) down the radio a little? It's too noisy. 20. ________ (make) friends is an important part of our life. 二、句型转换 1. 原句：To see is to believe.（改为同义句） 2. 原句：It is a waste of time to play computer games all day.（改为同义句） 3. 原句：I like swimming.（对“swimming”提问） 4. 原句：She enjoys reading novels.（改为否定句） 5. 原句：Do you mind if I open the window?（改为同义句） 6. 原句：It's no use crying over spilt milk.（改为同义句） 7. 原句：He suggested that we should go to the movies.（改为简单句） 8. 原句：I have some difficulty in learning English.（改为同义句） 9. 原句：The best way to solve the problem is to make a plan.（对“to make a plan”提问） 10. 原句：She is proud of her son's achievements.（改为同义句） 11. 原句：I find it easy to get along with him.（改为宾语从句） 12. 原句：He seems to be happy.（改为同义句） 13. 原句：We are looking forward to meeting our new teacher.（对“meeting our new teacher”提问） 14. 原句：The book is worth reading.（改为同义句） 15. 原句：He decided to go to Beijing.（改为否定句） 三、翻译句子 1. 跑步对我们的健康有好处。 2. 每天练习说英语很重要。 3. 他喜欢打篮球。 4. 我记得关了窗户。 5. 停止看电视，去做作业。 6. 她建议我们去参观博物馆。 7. 我期待着收到你的来信。 8. 这本书值得再读一遍。 9. 他没有放弃实现梦想的努力。 10. 游泳是我最喜欢的运动。 11. 他习惯了每天早起。 12. 避免犯同样的错误是很重要的。 13. 我喜欢听音乐，它能让我放松。 14. 她梦想着有一天能成为一名歌手。 15. 吸烟有害健康。 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 1. Reading Sarek National Park, 1.______ (locate) in northern Sweden, is a place of wild beauty. For hundreds of years, looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami. They used the reindeer's meat for food, their bones for tools, and their skin for 2.______ (make) clothes and tents. Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them. Today, most Sami have houses in villages near Sarek and live a modern life just like their neighbours. But every spring, a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek, 3.______ (live) in tents or old cottages and enjoying their traditions. I am not a Sami, but in Sarek I've adopted some of their 4.______ (way). I've been walking for hours, and now I'm tired and hungry. I find a flat rock to sit on and take out my sandwiches. As I eat, I look out over the valley below. The mountains, 5.______ (cover) in snow, are breathtaking. The sound of the wind 6.______ (blow) through the trees is like a gentle song. In Sarek, there are no roads, no cars, no noise. It's just nature in all 7.______ (it) glory. I feel a deep sense of peace and 8.______ (free) here. There are a few reindeer 9.______ (feed) on the grass close by. They look so 10.______ (peace) and content. I'm grateful for this chance to experience the beauty of Sarek. 2. Extended reading Yellowstone National Park, 1.______ (establish) in 1872, is the world's first national park. It is famous for its geothermal features, especially the Old Faithful geyser. This geyser erupts regularly, shooting hot water and steam high into the air, 2.______ (attract) thousands of visitors every day. The park is also home to a great 3.______ (diverse) of wildlife. Elk, bison, bears and wolves can be seen 4.______ (wander) in the park. To protect these animals and their habitats, strict rules 5.______ (set) up. For example, visitors are not allowed 6.______ (get) too close to the wild animals. Yellowstone has many beautiful lakes and rivers. Fishing is permitted in some areas, but there are limits 7.______ the number and size of the fish that can be caught. Hiking trails wind through the park, allowing visitors 8.______ (explore) its natural wonders. There are also campsites for those 9.______ want to spend the night in the park. In winter, Yellowstone transforms into a wonderland of snow. Cross - country skiing and snowshoeing are popular activities. The park's beauty and 10.______ (unique) make it a must - visit destination for nature lovers. 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A （2024·广东·一模）语法填空 Imagine a vehicle that can pick you up outside your home, drive to the nearest railway line, and change itself into a train. It may sound like a story from “Thomas the Tank Engine,” 1 that’s exactly what Japan’s DMV Road-Rail buses have been doing since they launched 2 Christmas Day 2021. With a capacity of 23, the DMV is a diesel-powered (柴油驱动的) bus fitted with a set of retractable (可缩进的) rail wheels 3 can be put in place in about 15 seconds. Lighter than a traditional train, the DMV also consumes less fuel and 4 (be) cheaper to maintain. 5 (advertise) as “the world's first operational dual-mode vehicle,” it is actually the latest in a long series of similar experiments 6 (improve) rural rail services. As far back as the 1930s, similar vehicles 7 the DMV were tested in England and West Germany. Tokushima government hopes that the DMV buses 8 (become) a tourist draw in their own right. It also believes that the vehicles could also be useful for reaching isolated communities in the event of natural 9 (disaster) such as earthquakes, which can leave sections of roads or railway lines 10 (usable). 【答案】 1. and 2. on 3. that/which 4. is 5. Advertised 6. to improve 7. like 8. will become 9. disasters 10. unusable 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本车管所公路铁路巴士被宣传为“世界上第一辆可操作的双模式车辆”，实际上是一系列改善农村铁路服务的类似实验中最新的一个。早在20世纪30年代，类似的车辆就在英国和西德进行了测试。 1. 考查连词。句意：它听起来像是《托马斯小火车》中的故事，但这正是日本车管所公路铁路巴士自2021年圣诞节推出以来一直在做的事情。根据语境，此处与上一句为转折关系，故填but。 2. 考查时态语态。句意：这听起来像是《托马斯小火车》中的故事，但这正是日本车管所公路铁路巴士自2021年圣诞节推出以来一直在做的事情。介词on用于表示具体的一天，这里指“在2021年的圣诞节”。故填on。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：可容纳23人的DMV是一辆柴油动力巴士，配有一组可伸缩的轨道轮，可以在大约15秒内安装到位。定语从句修饰先行词wheels，在从句作主语，指物，故填which/that。 4. 考查比较级。句意：DMV比传统的火车更轻，消耗的燃料更少，维护成本也更低。根据上下文，这里描述的是DMV的维护成本，使用一般现在时态，主语是the DMV，第三人称单数，故填is。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它被宣传为“世界上第一辆可操作的双模式车辆”，实际上是一系列改善农村铁路服务的类似实验中最新的一个。此处advertise与it构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Advertised。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它被宣传为“世界上第一辆可操作的双模式车辆”，实际上是一系列改善农村铁路服务的类似实验中最新的一个。此处表将来的动作，用不定式作后置定语。故填to improve。 7. 考查介词。句意：早在20世纪30年代，像DMV的类似的车辆就在英国和西德进行了测试。like在这里意为“像”，比较同类事物。故填like。 8. 考查时态。句意：德岛政府希望车辆管理处的巴士能够凭借自己的能力吸引游客。从句表示将来的动作用一般将来时。故填will become。 9. 考查名词的数。句意：它还认为，在发生地震等自然灾害时，这些车辆也可以用于到达偏远社区，这些自然灾害可能会使部分道路或铁路线无法使用。根据后文earthquakes可知disaster应用复数形式。故填disasters。 10. 考查形容词。句意：它还认为，在发生地震等自然灾害时，这些车辆也可以用于到达偏远社区，这些自然灾害可能会使部分道路或铁路线无法使用。此处作宾补，结合句意表示“无法使用的”应用形容词unusable。故填unusable。 B （2024·广东惠州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A plush toy named “Happy Loong” has recently captured the hearts of visitors to the Gansu Provincial Museum in northwest China. Modeled after 1 Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) gold decoration in the shape of a loong or Chinese dragon, over 1,000 of these chubby and grinning loong toys were sold in the first week after they 2 (appear) earlier this year. This innovative approach to museum 3 (souvenir) reflects a broader trend of making cultural products more appealing to young Chinese museum-goers, 4 (drive) up the income across various museums. Cui Youxin, head of the 5 (create) cultural product center at the Gansu Provincial Museum, emphasized that only those deeply 6 (root) in the soil of Chinese history and culture can stand the test of time. In addition to “Happy Loong”, the Gansu Provincial Museum offers stuffed toys inspired 7 the flying apsaras (飞天) of the Mogao Grottoes and the bronze galloping horse from the Easter Han Dynasty (25-220), all of 8 combine rich history with Gen-Z appeal. China’s central economic work conference in December 2023 proposed that the country should 9 (active) develop new consumption growth points such as China-chic goods in 2024. Looking ahead, the museum souvenir market in China 10 (expect) to continue growing. 【答案】 1. a 2. appeared 3. souvenirs 4. driving 5. creative 6. rooted 7. by 8. which 9. actively 10. is expected 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了甘肃省博物馆的“快乐龙”毛绒玩具近日热销，一周内售出一千多只。这种创新纪念品深受年轻人欢迎，提升了博物馆收入，反映了文化产品吸引力的趋势。 1. 考查冠词。句意：这种玩具以明朝（1368-1644 年）的龙形金饰为原型，在今年早些时候面世后的第一周就售出了 1000 多件胖乎乎、咧嘴笑的龙形玩具。分析句子可知，这里表示泛指明代的一个龙形的金饰品，使用不定冠词a。故填a。 2. 考查动词时态。句意：这种玩具以明朝（1368-1644 年）的龙形金饰为原型，在今年早些时候面世后的第一周就售出了 1000 多件胖乎乎、咧嘴笑的龙形玩具。分析句子可知，主句使用一般过去时，从句中时间状语为earlier this year，因此从句也应使用一般过去时。故填appeared。 3. 考查名词的数。句意：博物馆纪念品的这种创新做法反映了一种更广泛的趋势，即让文化产品对中国年轻的博物馆观众更具吸引力，从而提高各博物馆的收入。分析句子可知，句子宾语使用了making cultural products，因此这里souvenirs应使用复数形式。故填souvenirs。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：博物馆纪念品的这种创新做法反映了一种更广泛的趋势，即让文化产品对中国年轻的博物馆观众更具吸引力，从而提高各博物馆的收入。分析句子可知，句中存在谓语动词reflects，这里应使用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语是This innovative approach，与drive之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作伴随状语。故填driving。 5. 考查形容词。句意：甘肃省博物馆文化创意产品中心负责人崔有新强调，只有深深扎根于中国历史文化土壤中的文化产品，才能经得起时间的考验。分析句子可知，这里需要形容词性成分修饰名词词组    cultural product center，因此使用creat的形容词形式creative。故填creative。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：甘肃省博物馆文化创意产品中心负责人崔有新强调，只有深深扎根于中国历史文化土壤中的文化产品，才能经得起时间的考验。分析句子可知，句中存在谓语动词can stand，这里应使用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语是those，与root之间为被动关系，因此使用过去分词作后置定语。故填rooted。 7. 考查介词。句意：除了 "开心龙"，甘肃省博物馆还推出了以莫高窟飞天和东汉青铜奔马为灵感的毛绒玩具，这些产品都将厚重的历史和新时代的吸引力融为一体。分析句子可知，这里使用介词，且表示被启发，使用表示被动的介词by。故填by。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：除了 "开心龙"，甘肃省博物馆还推出了以莫高窟飞天和东汉青铜奔马为灵感的毛绒玩具，这些产品都将厚重的历史和新时代的吸引力融为一体。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是stuffed toys，在从句中作主语，表示这些玩具结合了丰富的历史和对新时代的吸引力，因此使用of which的非限定性定语从句形式。故填which。 9. 考查副词。句意：2023 年 12 月召开的中国中央经济工作会议提出，2024 年要积极培育中国时尚商品等新的消费增长点。分析句子可知，这里使用副词性成分修饰动词develop，因此使用active的副词形式actively。故填actively。 10. 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：展望未来，中国博物馆纪念品市场有望继续增长。分析句子可知，句子主语the museum souvenir market与expect之间为被动关系，且句中缺少谓语动词，因此这里使用谓语动词的被动形式，且主语是单数，根据主谓一致原则，这里使用is expected。故填is expected。 C 【来源】安徽省独山中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 A new study suggests Jupiter’s icy moon (卫星) Europa produces much less oxygen than previously thought. The study 1 (base) on the data 2 (collect) by NASA’s Juno spacecraft. The study involved Juno’s instruments measuring levels of oxygen 3 hydrogen molecules (分子) coming from Europa’s atmosphere. The data showed the icy moon produces about 1,000 tons of oxygen every 24 hours. NASA said that would be enough amount 4 (keep) a million humans breathing for a day. However, the space agency noted those estimates of oxygen were much less than those measured in earlier studies about the moon. Europa is a little 5 (small) than the Earth’s moon. But it is still one of the largest moons in 6 (we) solar system. NASA observations have suggested 7 ocean exists beneath the thick layer of ice on Europa’s surface. Scientists estimate the moon’s ocean may contain a large amount of water, 8 is twice as the Earth’s oceans. Since Europa was believed to have a large ocean under its surface, 9 (researcher) in the past identified it as a good candidate to hold the right conditions to support some form of life. That data came 10 (main) from telescope observations of oxygen levels existing in the moon’s icy surface. The new lower estimates of oxygen do not support the earlier observations. The team involved in the study said, in the future, more research would be need to confirm the latest findings. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Faster,higher,stranger 核心语法精练(动名词) 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 4 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 4 二、句型转换 8 三、翻译句子 11 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 13 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 13 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 14 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 1. ________ (swim) is a good way to keep fit. 2. It is no use ________ (complain) about the heavy traffic. 3. ________ (get) up early is a good habit. 4. Her job is ________ (look) after the old people in the nursing home. 5. The best way to relax is ________ (listen) to music. 6. I remember ________ (see) him somewhere before. 7. Stop ________ (talk) and listen to the teacher carefully. 8. He enjoys ________ (read) novels in his spare time. 9. Do you mind my ________ (open) the window? 10. The film is worth ________ (see) again. 11. I can't imagine ________ (live) without electricity. 12. She suggested ________ (go) for a picnic this weekend. 13. He devoted himself to ________ (help) the poor. 14. They have some difficulty in ________ (find) the lost child. 15. It's no good ________ (smoke). It's bad for your health. 16. The boy was busy ________ (do) his homework when I came in. 17. What about ________ (go) shopping this afternoon? 18. I'm looking forward to ________ (hear) from you soon. 19. Would you mind ________ (turn) down the radio a little? It's too noisy. 20. ________ (make) friends is an important part of our life. 答案： 1. 详解：这里考查动名词作主语，“游泳”是一种经常性的行为，所以用swim的动名词形式swimming作主语，故填Swimming。 2. 详解：固定句型It is no use doing sth. 表示“做某事没有用”，所以这里填complain的动名词形式complaining。 3. 详解：动名词短语作主语，“早起”是一种习惯性动作，get的动名词形式是getting，句首首字母大写，故填Getting。 4. 详解：这里是动名词作表语，说明主语her job的内容，look的动名词形式是looking，故填looking。 5. 详解：“放松的最好方式是听音乐”，这里用动词不定式或动名词作表语都可以，listen的动名词形式是listening ，故填listening。 6. 详解：remember doing sth. 表示“记得做过某事”，强调事情已经发生。根据语境“我记得之前在某个地方见过他”，所以填seeing。 7. 详解：stop doing sth. 意为“停止正在做的事情”，这里是让停止说话，认真听老师讲，talk的动名词形式是talking，故填talking。 8. 详解：enjoy doing sth. 表示“喜欢做某事”，read的动名词形式是reading，所以填reading。 9. 详解：mind one's doing sth. 表示“介意某人做某事”，open的动名词形式是opening，故填opening。 10. 详解：be worth doing sth. 表示“值得做某事”，用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，see的动名词形式是seeing，所以填seeing。 11. 详解：imagine doing sth. 表示“想象做某事”，live的动名词形式是living，故填living。 12. 详解：suggest doing sth. 表示“建议做某事”，go的动名词形式是going，所以填going。 13. 详解：devote oneself to doing sth. 表示“致力于做某事”，其中to是介词，后接动名词作宾语，help的动名词形式是helping，故填helping。 14. 详解：have difficulty (in) doing sth. 表示“做某事有困难”，find的动名词形式是finding，所以填finding。 15. 详解：It's no good doing sth. 表示“做某事没有好处”，smoke的动名词形式是smoking，故填smoking。 16. 详解：be busy doing sth. 表示“忙于做某事”，do的动名词形式是doing，所以填doing。 17. 详解：What about doing sth.? 表示“做某事怎么样？”，用于提出建议，go的动名词形式是going，故填going。 18. 详解：look forward to doing sth. 表示“期待做某事”，其中to是介词，hear的动名词形式是hearing，所以填hearing。 19. 详解：mind doing sth. 表示“介意做某事”，turn的动名词形式是turning，故填turning。 20. 详解：动名词短语作主语，“交朋友”是一种行为，make的动名词形式是making，句首首字母大写，所以填Making。 二、句型转换 1. 原句：To see is to believe.（改为同义句） 2. 原句：It is a waste of time to play computer games all day.（改为同义句） 3. 原句：I like swimming.（对“swimming”提问） 4. 原句：She enjoys reading novels.（改为否定句） 5. 原句：Do you mind if I open the window?（改为同义句） 6. 原句：It's no use crying over spilt milk.（改为同义句） 7. 原句：He suggested that we should go to the movies.（改为简单句） 8. 原句：I have some difficulty in learning English.（改为同义句） 9. 原句：The best way to solve the problem is to make a plan.（对“to make a plan”提问） 10. 原句：She is proud of her son's achievements.（改为同义句） 11. 原句：I find it easy to get along with him.（改为宾语从句） 12. 原句：He seems to be happy.（改为同义句） 13. 原句：We are looking forward to meeting our new teacher.（对“meeting our new teacher”提问） 14. 原句：The book is worth reading.（改为同义句） 15. 原句：He decided to go to Beijing.（改为否定句） 答案： 1.转换句：Seeing is believing. 详解：动词不定式作主语和表语可以转换为动名词作主语和表语，意思不变 。 2.转换句：Playing computer games all day is a waste of time. / It is a waste of time playing computer games all day. 详解：it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语的句子，可以把动词不定式改为动名词作主语，也可以把动名词放在句末 。 3.转换句：What do you like doing? 详解：对动名词提问，用what，然后借助助动词do构成一般疑问句，把like doing保留 。 4.转换句：She doesn't enjoy reading novels. 详解：一般现在时中，主语是第三人称单数，变否定句借助助动词doesn't，动词还原为原形，这里动名词reading不变 。 5.转换句：Do you mind my opening the window? 详解：“Do you mind if+从句”可以转换为“Do you mind one's doing sth.” 。 6.转换句：Crying over spilt milk is no use. 详解：it作形式主语，动名词作真正主语的句子，可以把动名词提前作主语 。 7.转换句：He suggested going to the movies. 详解：suggest+that从句（从句用should+动词原形，should可省略）可以转换为suggest doing sth. 。 8.转换句：I have some trouble (in) learning English. / It's difficult for me to learn English. 详解：have difficulty (in) doing sth. 可以转换为have trouble (in) doing sth.，也可以转换为It's +形容词+ for sb. + to do sth.结构 。 9.转换句：What is the best way to solve the problem? 详解：对动词不定式短语提问，用what，然后把原句中的剩余部分变为一般疑问句 。 10.转换句：She takes pride in her son's achievements. 详解：be proud of = take pride in ，表示“以……为傲” 。 11.转换句：I find that it is easy to get along with him. 详解：find it +形容词+ to do sth.结构可以转换为find that + it is +形容词+ to do sth.，it作宾语从句的形式主语 。 12.转换句：It seems that he is happy. 详解：sb. seems to do sth.可以转换为It seems that +从句 。 13.转换句：What are you looking forward to? 详解：对动名词短语提问，用what，然后把原句中的剩余部分变为一般疑问句 。 14.转换句：The book is worthy of being read. / The book is worthy to be read. 详解：be worth doing sth. 可以转换为be worthy of being done 或be worthy to be done，意思都是“值得做某事” 。 15.转换句：He decided not to go to Beijing. 详解：decide to do sth. 的否定形式是decide not to do sth.，在to前加not 。 三、翻译句子 1. 跑步对我们的健康有好处。 2. 每天练习说英语很重要。 3. 他喜欢打篮球。 4. 我记得关了窗户。 5. 停止看电视，去做作业。 6. 她建议我们去参观博物馆。 7. 我期待着收到你的来信。 8. 这本书值得再读一遍。 9. 他没有放弃实现梦想的努力。 10. 游泳是我最喜欢的运动。 11. 他习惯了每天早起。 12. 避免犯同样的错误是很重要的。 13. 我喜欢听音乐，它能让我放松。 14. 她梦想着有一天能成为一名歌手。 15. 吸烟有害健康。 【答案】 1.译文：Running is good for our health. 详解：“跑步”作主语，用动名词running，“对……有好处”用be good for 。 2.译文：It's important to practice speaking English every day. / Practicing speaking English every day is important. 详解：可以用it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语；也可以直接用动名词短语作主语，“练习做某事”用practice doing sth. 。 3.译文：He likes playing basketball. 详解：“喜欢做某事”用like doing sth. ，“打篮球”用play basketball 。 4.译文：I remember closing the window. 详解：“记得做过某事”用remember doing sth. ，“关窗户”用close the window 。 5.译文：Stop watching TV and do your homework. 详解：“停止做某事”用stop doing sth. ，“看电视”用watch TV 。 6.译文：She suggested that we (should) visit the museum. / She suggested visiting the museum. 详解：suggest表示“建议”时，后可接that引导的宾语从句，从句要用虚拟语气，即(should)+动词原形； 也可接动名词作宾语 。 7.译文：I'm looking forward to hearing from you. 详解：“期待做某事”用look forward to doing sth. ，“收到某人来信”用hear from sb. 。 8.译文：This book is worth reading again. 详解：“值得做某事”用be worth doing sth. ，“再读一遍”用read again 。 9.译文：He didn't give up his efforts to achieve his dream. 详解：“放弃”用give up ，“实现梦想”用achieve one's dream ，“努力”用effort，常用复数形式 。 10.译文：Swimming is my favorite sport. 详解：“游泳”作主语，用动名词swimming ，“最喜欢的运动”用favorite sport 。 11.译文：He is used to getting up early every day. 详解：“习惯于做某事”用be used to doing sth. ，“早起”用get up early 。 12.译文：It's important to avoid making the same mistakes. / Avoiding making the same mistakes is important. 详解：可以用it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语；也可以直接用动名词短语作主语，“避免做某事”用avoid doing sth. 。 13.译文：I like listening to music. It can make me relaxed. 详解：“喜欢做某事”用like doing sth. ，“听音乐”用listen to music ，“使某人放松”用make sb. relaxed 。 14.译文：She dreams of becoming a singer one day. 详解：“梦想做某事”用dream of doing sth. ，“成为一名歌手”用become a singer 。 15.译文：Smoking is harmful to health. 详解：“吸烟”作主语，用动名词smoking ，“对……有害”用be harmful to 。 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 1. Reading Sarek National Park, 1.______ (locate) in northern Sweden, is a place of wild beauty. For hundreds of years, looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami. They used the reindeer's meat for food, their bones for tools, and their skin for 2.______ (make) clothes and tents. Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and accompany them. Today, most Sami have houses in villages near Sarek and live a modern life just like their neighbours. But every spring, a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek, 3.______ (live) in tents or old cottages and enjoying their traditions. I am not a Sami, but in Sarek I've adopted some of their 4.______ (way). I've been walking for hours, and now I'm tired and hungry. I find a flat rock to sit on and take out my sandwiches. As I eat, I look out over the valley below. The mountains, 5.______ (cover) in snow, are breathtaking. The sound of the wind 6.______ (blow) through the trees is like a gentle song. In Sarek, there are no roads, no cars, no noise. It's just nature in all 7.______ (it) glory. I feel a deep sense of peace and 8.______ (free) here. There are a few reindeer 9.______ (feed) on the grass close by. They look so 10.______ (peace) and content. I'm grateful for this chance to experience the beauty of Sarek. 【答案】 1. 答案：located 详解：be located in表示“位于”，此处用过去分词located作后置定语，修饰Sarek National Park ，故填located。 2. 答案：making 详解：for是介词，后接动名词作宾语，make的动名词形式是making，故填making。 3. 答案：living 详解：分析句子结构可知，live与句子主语a small number of Sami之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词living作伴随状语 ，故填living。 4. 答案：ways 详解：way是可数名词，some of后接可数名词复数，way的复数形式是ways，故填ways。 5. 答案：covered 详解：be covered in表示“被……覆盖”，此处用过去分词covered作后置定语，修饰The mountains，故填covered。 6. 答案：blowing 详解：分析句子可知，此处用现在分词blowing作后置定语，修饰the wind，表主动，故填blowing。 7. 答案：its 详解：修饰名词glory，用形容词性物主代词its，in all its glory表示“尽显其壮丽”，故填its。 8. 答案：freedom 详解：and连接并列的名词，peace是名词，free的名词形式是freedom，故填freedom。 9. 答案：feeding 详解：there be + 名词 + doing sth.是固定结构，表示“有……正在做某事”，reindeer与feed之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词feeding，故填feeding。 10. 答案：peaceful 详解：look是系动词，后接形容词作表语，peace的形容词形式是peaceful，故填peaceful。 2. Extended reading Yellowstone National Park, 1.______ (establish) in 1872, is the world's first national park. It is famous for its geothermal features, especially the Old Faithful geyser. This geyser erupts regularly, shooting hot water and steam high into the air, 2.______ (attract) thousands of visitors every day. The park is also home to a great 3.______ (diverse) of wildlife. Elk, bison, bears and wolves can be seen 4.______ (wander) in the park. To protect these animals and their habitats, strict rules 5.______ (set) up. For example, visitors are not allowed 6.______ (get) too close to the wild animals. Yellowstone has many beautiful lakes and rivers. Fishing is permitted in some areas, but there are limits 7.______ the number and size of the fish that can be caught. Hiking trails wind through the park, allowing visitors 8.______ (explore) its natural wonders. There are also campsites for those 9.______ want to spend the night in the park. In winter, Yellowstone transforms into a wonderland of snow. Cross - country skiing and snowshoeing are popular activities. The park's beauty and 10.______ (unique) make it a must - visit destination for nature lovers. 【答案】 1. 答案：established 详解：establish与Yellowstone National Park之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词established作后置定语，修饰Yellowstone National Park，故填established。 2. 答案：attracting 详解：分析句子结构可知，attract的逻辑主语是前面整个句子，两者之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词attracting作结果状语 ，故填attracting。 3. 答案：diversity 详解：a great diversity of是固定短语，表示“各种各样的”，diverse的名词形式是diversity，故填diversity。 4. 答案：wandering 详解：see sb./sth. doing sth.表示“看见某人/某物正在做某事”，此处用现在分词wandering作宾语补足语，故填wandering。 5. 答案：have been set 详解：rules与set up之间是被动关系，且强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语rules是复数，结构为“have/has been + 过去分词”，故填have been set。 6. 答案：to get 详解：be allowed to do sth.表示“被允许做某事”，是固定用法，故填to get。 7. 答案：to 详解：limit to表示“对……的限制”，是固定搭配，故填to。 8. 答案：to explore 详解：allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”，所以填to explore。 9. 答案：who 详解：先行词是those，指人，在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导定语从句，故填who。 10. 答案：uniqueness 详解：and连接并列的名词，beauty是名词，unique的名词形式是uniqueness，故填uniqueness。 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A （2024·广东·一模）语法填空 Imagine a vehicle that can pick you up outside your home, drive to the nearest railway line, and change itself into a train. It may sound like a story from “Thomas the Tank Engine,” 1 that’s exactly what Japan’s DMV Road-Rail buses have been doing since they launched 2 Christmas Day 2021. With a capacity of 23, the DMV is a diesel-powered (柴油驱动的) bus fitted with a set of retractable (可缩进的) rail wheels 3 can be put in place in about 15 seconds. Lighter than a traditional train, the DMV also consumes less fuel and 4 (be) cheaper to maintain. 5 (advertise) as “the world's first operational dual-mode vehicle,” it is actually the latest in a long series of similar experiments 6 (improve) rural rail services. As far back as the 1930s, similar vehicles 7 the DMV were tested in England and West Germany. Tokushima government hopes that the DMV buses 8 (become) a tourist draw in their own right. It also believes that the vehicles could also be useful for reaching isolated communities in the event of natural 9 (disaster) such as earthquakes, which can leave sections of roads or railway lines 10 (usable). 【答案】 1. and 2. on 3. that/which 4. is 5. Advertised 6. to improve 7. like 8. will become 9. disasters 10. unusable 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本车管所公路铁路巴士被宣传为“世界上第一辆可操作的双模式车辆”，实际上是一系列改善农村铁路服务的类似实验中最新的一个。早在20世纪30年代，类似的车辆就在英国和西德进行了测试。 1. 考查连词。句意：它听起来像是《托马斯小火车》中的故事，但这正是日本车管所公路铁路巴士自2021年圣诞节推出以来一直在做的事情。根据语境，此处与上一句为转折关系，故填but。 2. 考查时态语态。句意：这听起来像是《托马斯小火车》中的故事，但这正是日本车管所公路铁路巴士自2021年圣诞节推出以来一直在做的事情。介词on用于表示具体的一天，这里指“在2021年的圣诞节”。故填on。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：可容纳23人的DMV是一辆柴油动力巴士，配有一组可伸缩的轨道轮，可以在大约15秒内安装到位。定语从句修饰先行词wheels，在从句作主语，指物，故填which/that。 4. 考查比较级。句意：DMV比传统的火车更轻，消耗的燃料更少，维护成本也更低。根据上下文，这里描述的是DMV的维护成本，使用一般现在时态，主语是the DMV，第三人称单数，故填is。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它被宣传为“世界上第一辆可操作的双模式车辆”，实际上是一系列改善农村铁路服务的类似实验中最新的一个。此处advertise与it构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Advertised。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它被宣传为“世界上第一辆可操作的双模式车辆”，实际上是一系列改善农村铁路服务的类似实验中最新的一个。此处表将来的动作，用不定式作后置定语。故填to improve。 7. 考查介词。句意：早在20世纪30年代，像DMV的类似的车辆就在英国和西德进行了测试。like在这里意为“像”，比较同类事物。故填like。 8. 考查时态。句意：德岛政府希望车辆管理处的巴士能够凭借自己的能力吸引游客。从句表示将来的动作用一般将来时。故填will become。 9. 考查名词的数。句意：它还认为，在发生地震等自然灾害时，这些车辆也可以用于到达偏远社区，这些自然灾害可能会使部分道路或铁路线无法使用。根据后文earthquakes可知disaster应用复数形式。故填disasters。 10. 考查形容词。句意：它还认为，在发生地震等自然灾害时，这些车辆也可以用于到达偏远社区，这些自然灾害可能会使部分道路或铁路线无法使用。此处作宾补，结合句意表示“无法使用的”应用形容词unusable。故填unusable。 B （2024·广东惠州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A plush toy named “Happy Loong” has recently captured the hearts of visitors to the Gansu Provincial Museum in northwest China. Modeled after 1 Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) gold decoration in the shape of a loong or Chinese dragon, over 1,000 of these chubby and grinning loong toys were sold in the first week after they 2 (appear) earlier this year. This innovative approach to museum 3 (souvenir) reflects a broader trend of making cultural products more appealing to young Chinese museum-goers, 4 (drive) up the income across various museums. Cui Youxin, head of the 5 (create) cultural product center at the Gansu Provincial Museum, emphasized that only those deeply 6 (root) in the soil of Chinese history and culture can stand the test of time. In addition to “Happy Loong”, the Gansu Provincial Museum offers stuffed toys inspired 7 the flying apsaras (飞天) of the Mogao Grottoes and the bronze galloping horse from the Easter Han Dynasty (25-220), all of 8 combine rich history with Gen-Z appeal. China’s central economic work conference in December 2023 proposed that the country should 9 (active) develop new consumption growth points such as China-chic goods in 2024. Looking ahead, the museum souvenir market in China 10 (expect) to continue growing. 【答案】 1. a 2. appeared 3. souvenirs 4. driving 5. creative 6. rooted 7. by 8. which 9. actively 10. is expected 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了甘肃省博物馆的“快乐龙”毛绒玩具近日热销，一周内售出一千多只。这种创新纪念品深受年轻人欢迎，提升了博物馆收入，反映了文化产品吸引力的趋势。 1. 考查冠词。句意：这种玩具以明朝（1368-1644 年）的龙形金饰为原型，在今年早些时候面世后的第一周就售出了 1000 多件胖乎乎、咧嘴笑的龙形玩具。分析句子可知，这里表示泛指明代的一个龙形的金饰品，使用不定冠词a。故填a。 2. 考查动词时态。句意：这种玩具以明朝（1368-1644 年）的龙形金饰为原型，在今年早些时候面世后的第一周就售出了 1000 多件胖乎乎、咧嘴笑的龙形玩具。分析句子可知，主句使用一般过去时，从句中时间状语为earlier this year，因此从句也应使用一般过去时。故填appeared。 3. 考查名词的数。句意：博物馆纪念品的这种创新做法反映了一种更广泛的趋势，即让文化产品对中国年轻的博物馆观众更具吸引力，从而提高各博物馆的收入。分析句子可知，句子宾语使用了making cultural products，因此这里souvenirs应使用复数形式。故填souvenirs。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：博物馆纪念品的这种创新做法反映了一种更广泛的趋势，即让文化产品对中国年轻的博物馆观众更具吸引力，从而提高各博物馆的收入。分析句子可知，句中存在谓语动词reflects，这里应使用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语是This innovative approach，与drive之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作伴随状语。故填driving。 5. 考查形容词。句意：甘肃省博物馆文化创意产品中心负责人崔有新强调，只有深深扎根于中国历史文化土壤中的文化产品，才能经得起时间的考验。分析句子可知，这里需要形容词性成分修饰名词词组    cultural product center，因此使用creat的形容词形式creative。故填creative。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：甘肃省博物馆文化创意产品中心负责人崔有新强调，只有深深扎根于中国历史文化土壤中的文化产品，才能经得起时间的考验。分析句子可知，句中存在谓语动词can stand，这里应使用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语是those，与root之间为被动关系，因此使用过去分词作后置定语。故填rooted。 7. 考查介词。句意：除了 "开心龙"，甘肃省博物馆还推出了以莫高窟飞天和东汉青铜奔马为灵感的毛绒玩具，这些产品都将厚重的历史和新时代的吸引力融为一体。分析句子可知，这里使用介词，且表示被启发，使用表示被动的介词by。故填by。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：除了 "开心龙"，甘肃省博物馆还推出了以莫高窟飞天和东汉青铜奔马为灵感的毛绒玩具，这些产品都将厚重的历史和新时代的吸引力融为一体。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是stuffed toys，在从句中作主语，表示这些玩具结合了丰富的历史和对新时代的吸引力，因此使用of which的非限定性定语从句形式。故填which。 9. 考查副词。句意：2023 年 12 月召开的中国中央经济工作会议提出，2024 年要积极培育中国时尚商品等新的消费增长点。分析句子可知，这里使用副词性成分修饰动词develop，因此使用active的副词形式actively。故填actively。 10. 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：展望未来，中国博物馆纪念品市场有望继续增长。分析句子可知，句子主语the museum souvenir market与expect之间为被动关系，且句中缺少谓语动词，因此这里使用谓语动词的被动形式，且主语是单数，根据主谓一致原则，这里使用is expected。故填is expected。 C 【来源】安徽省独山中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 A new study suggests Jupiter’s icy moon (卫星) Europa produces much less oxygen than previously thought. The study 1 (base) on the data 2 (collect) by NASA’s Juno spacecraft. The study involved Juno’s instruments measuring levels of oxygen 3 hydrogen molecules (分子) coming from Europa’s atmosphere. The data showed the icy moon produces about 1,000 tons of oxygen every 24 hours. NASA said that would be enough amount 4 (keep) a million humans breathing for a day. However, the space agency noted those estimates of oxygen were much less than those measured in earlier studies about the moon. Europa is a little 5 (small) than the Earth’s moon. But it is still one of the largest moons in 6 (we) solar system. NASA observations have suggested 7 ocean exists beneath the thick layer of ice on Europa’s surface. Scientists estimate the moon’s ocean may contain a large amount of water, 8 is twice as the Earth’s oceans. Since Europa was believed to have a large ocean under its surface, 9 (researcher) in the past identified it as a good candidate to hold the right conditions to support some form of life. That data came 10 (main) from telescope observations of oxygen levels existing in the moon’s icy surface. The new lower estimates of oxygen do not support the earlier observations. The team involved in the study said, in the future, more research would be need to confirm the latest findings. 【答案】 1. was based 2. collected 3. and 4. to keep 5. smaller 6. our 7. an 8. which 9. researchers 10. mainly 【导语】这篇文章是一篇说明文，是关于木星的冰冷卫星——欧罗巴（Europa）的最新研究。研究表明，欧罗巴产生的氧气比之前认为的要少得多。文章讨论了这一发现对理解欧罗巴大气成分以及其潜在生命支持能力的影响。 1. 考查时态和语态。句意：这项研究基于美国宇航局的朱诺号宇宙飞船收集的数据。base在句中充当谓语，句子表达的是过去发生的事，base的固定用法是be based on，因此使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was based。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这项研究涉及朱诺号的仪器测量来自欧罗巴大气的氧气和氢分子的水平。句子已经存在谓语is based，所以collect需要转化为非谓语，collect和data之间是被动关系，因此使用过去分词作定语。故填collected。 3. 考查连词。句意：该研究涉及朱诺号的仪器测量来自欧罗巴大气的氧气和氢分子的水平。结合句意，这个仪器会检测氧气和氢气的水平，这里表示并列关系，故填and。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：美国宇航局表示，这足以供应一百万人一天的呼吸。句子已经存在系动词would be，所以keep需要转化为非谓语，enough需要与不定式来搭配，即enough...to do翻译为“足够……做……”，故填to keep。 5. 考查比较级。句意：然而，欧罗巴比地球的卫星稍小。a little是比较级的标志词，应该将small变成比较级，故填smaller。 6. 考查物主代词。句意：但它仍然是我们太阳系中最大的卫星之一。这里需要使用形容词性物主代词来表示“我们的”。故填our。 7. 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：美国宇航局的观测表明欧罗巴表面厚厚的冰层下存在一个海洋。此处泛指一个海洋，应用不定冠词来修饰，且ocean发音是以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：科学家估计这个卫星的海洋可能含有大量的水，是地球海洋的两倍。这个句子是个非限定性定语从句，先行词是water，关系词在从句中充当主语，故填which。 9. 考查名词的复数。句意：由于欧罗巴被认为在其表面下有一个大海洋，过去的研究者认为它是支持某种生命形式的理想候选地。researcher是可数名词，这里需要使用复数形式来表示“研究者们”作主语。故填researchers。 10. 考查副词。句意：那些数据主要来自望远镜对存在于该卫星冰冷表面的氧气水平的观测。这里需要使用副词来修饰动词came，作状语。故填mainly。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$