内容正文:
Unit 1 A New Start
单词
1. _______adj. (地位、水平或级别) 高的,高级的
2. _______n. 作者,作家
3. _______n. 钢琴
4. _______n. 舞台
5. _______n. 话题,论题
6. _______n. 计划表,进度表,日程表
7. _______ n. 奖,奖赏
8.______________ n. 机会,时机
9. _______ n. (一次) 观看
10. _______ n. 看到,看见
11._______v. 认为,以为
12. ______________ v. 奋斗,拼搏
13. _______ adj. 好的,令人愉快的
14. _______ adj. 具体的,特定的
15. _______ n. 日记,日志
16. _______ adv. 向前
17. ______________ v. 交流 (信息、想法等)
短语
1.______________ 高中
2.______________ 依次地,一个接一个地
3.______________ 依靠,取决于
4._____________________ 情绪紧张,心里发慌
5.______________ 惊慌地
6.______________ 保持镇静
7.______________全力以赴,竭尽全力
8. ______________ 迎新日
9. ______________ 尤其,特别
10. ______________ 参考;查阅;提到,谈到
11. ______________ 毕业于
12.______________ (兴奋地) 期待,盼望
13. ______________看见…… 时
熟词生义
1._______ adj. 敏锐的,聪明的
2._______ n. (一次)观看
3._______v. 认为,以为
4._______ adj. 好的,令人愉快的
5._______ v. 对… 作评估,评价
6.______________ n. (工作或活动中的)表现
句型
1. be doing...when... 正在做某事……这时……
I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.
2.现在分词(短语)作状语:Turning around, I saw a white-haired man.
3.with复合结构:With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply.
4.It is+a(n)+adj.+n.+for sb. to do sth.某人做某事是.....
It’s a fantastic opportunity for new students to get to know the school and the other students.
语法
基本句型结构
一、词汇清单
知识点1. curious adj.好奇的 (教材P1)
【拓展】
(1)其他词义:稀奇古怪的,不寻常的
(2)be curious about... 对……感到好奇
(3)be curious to do sth. 对做某事感到好奇
(4)curiosity n. 好奇心
(5)with curiosity 好奇地
(6)out of curiosity 出于好奇
【写作佳句】
If you are curious about the history of our school or concerned about its future, you mustn’t miss this excellent opportunity! 如果你对我们学校的历史感到好奇或者关心学校的未来, 那么你一定不要错过这次绝佳的机会!
【经典练】
单句语法填空
①When I entered senior high school, I was curious _______ the computer and built my first website.
②The baby looked at the balloon with _______ (curious).
完成句子
人们聚集在周围,好奇地想知道正在发生什么。
People gathered round, ______________ what was happening.
知识点2. eagerness n. 热切,渴望
【教材原句】I woke up early and rushed out of the door in my eagerness to get to know my new school. (教材P2)
【拓展】
(1)eager adj. 热切的;渴望的,热衷的
(2)be eager for sth.渴求某物
(3)be eager to do sth.渴望做某事
(4)eagerly adv. 渴望地,热切地
【写作佳句】
Some of us were confident and eager to take part in the class activity.
我们中的一些人自信并且渴望参加课堂活动。(2018课标全国卷Ⅲ)
【经典练】
1) All the students are eager _______ the upcoming sports meeting.
2) The new students looked _______ (eager) at the campus map, ready to explore the school.
3) He is eager ______________ (improve) his spoken English by joining the English corner.
知识点3. impression n.印象,感想
【教材原句】What could I say to make a good first impression? (教材P3)
【拓展】
(1)make/leave a(n)... impression on sb.给某人留下一个……的印象
(2)impress vt. 使钦佩;给……留下深刻的好印象
be impressed by/at/with... 对……印象深刻
(3)impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的
【写作佳句】
My first impression of senior high was that the campus was much larger than my junior high school.我对高中的第一印象是校园比初中大得多。
【经典练】
1. 单句语法填空
1)The school's modern library left a deep _______ (impress)on me during the first campus tour.
2)All freshmen were impressed _______ the senior students' excellent performance in the opening ceremony.
3)The ______________ (impress)design of the classroom made us feel comfortable on the first day.
2. 完成句子
The headteacher's speech ___________________________(给…… 留下好印象)all new students at the welcome meeting.
知识点4. pressure n. 压力
【教材原句】Challenges like this might sometimes put you under pressure. (教材P4)
【拓展】
(1)put pressure on sb. 给某人施压
(2)under (great) pressure 处于(巨大)压力下
(3)relieve/reduce pressure 缓解压力
(4)academic pressure 学业压力
(5)pressure to do sth. 做某事的压力
【写作佳句】Joining the drama club brings exciting challenges, but sometimes I feel pressure to remember all the lines.加入戏剧社带来了令人兴奋的挑战,但有时我会因记全台词而感到压力。
【经典练】
单句语法填空
1) Parents should avoid putting pressure _______ their children to get perfect grades.
2) She learned _______ pressure by joining the school art club.
3) The students are _______ pressure to finish the project before the deadline.
知识点5. frightened adj. 受惊的,害怕的
【教材原句】I was frightened at the sight of the test paper. (教材P11)
【拓展】
(1)be frightened of害怕……
(2)be frightened to do sth.害怕做某事
(3)frighten vt. 使惊恐,吓唬
(4)frighten sb. into doing sth.吓得某人做某事
(5)frighten sb. out of doing sth.吓得某人不敢做某事
(6)frighten sb. to death把某人吓得要死
(7)frighten sb./sth. away/off把某人/某物吓跑
(8)frightening adj. 吓人的;可怕的;令人恐惧的,令人害怕的
(9)fright n. 惊吓,恐怖
【写作佳句】
He was frightened to speak in front of the whole class on the first day of senior high.高一第一天,他害怕在全班面前讲话。
【经典练】
完成句子
The ____________ (frighten) noise from the science lab made students scream in class.
The little girl ____________________________ (害怕独自走夜路) after watching the horror movie.
知识点6. argue v.争辨;争论;辩论;说服
【教材原句】Argue about the week's hottest topics with the school's sharpest minds! (教材P7)
【拓展】
(1)argue for/against ... 赞成……/反对……
(2)argue with sb. on/about/over sth. 与某人争辩某事
(3)argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
(4)argument n. 争论;争辩;论点
【联想】 “说服某人做某事”的表达形式:
①persuade sb. to do sth. ②persuade sb. into doing sth.
③convince sb. to do sth. ④talk sb. into doing sth.
【写作佳句】
My classmates often argue about the best way to prepare for the English speech contest. 我的同学们经常争论准备英语演讲比赛的最佳方式。
【经典练】
1.单句语法填空
①[2024·全国甲卷]The great significance of protecting the ocean is beyond ______________ (argue).
②We tried many ways to argue him into ______________ (follow) our advice,but in vain.
2.完成句子
我多么后悔与她就那些不那么重要的事情争论,那使我们都很沮丧。
How I regretted _________________________________________________, which made us all upset.
知识点7. various adj.各种不同的;各种各样的;
【教材原句】In the UK and the US,senior high school students take part in various after- school activities,such as club activities and volunteer work.(教材P8)
【拓展】
(1)vary vt. 改变;变更 vi.变化,不同
vary from...to... 由……到……不等
vary in sth. (大小、形状等)不同,有别
vary with... 随……变化,改变
(2)variety n. 种种;多样化
a variety of/varieties of 种种……
【写作佳句】
During the class discussion, students shared various opinions on how to reduce study pressure.课堂讨论中,学生们就 “如何缓解学习压力” 分享了不同观点。
【经典练】
1.单句语法填空
①[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷]Yellowstone National Park offers a _______ (vary) of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year.
②I have a great passion for reading, especially the story books, varying _______ Chinese stories to English stories.
2.词汇/句式升级
③Our school has built a new stadium.It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities.
→Our school has built a new stadium, _____________________________________________________.(升级加黑词;定语从句)
知识点8.apply vi.申请;适用,应用于 vt.专心于;运用,应用;涂,敷
【教材原句】After-school activities also play a part when students apply to college. (教材P8)
【拓展】
(1)apply...to... 把……运用到……中;把……涂到……上
apply (to...) for... (向……)申请……
apply oneself to doing sth. 集中精力做某事
(2)applicant n. 申请人
application n. 申请;申请书;适用
【写作佳句】If you want to join the science club, you need to apply to the teacher for permission.如果你想加入科学俱乐部,你需要向老师申请获得许可。
【经典练】
用适当介词填空
Students should learn to apply what they learn _______ real-life problems.
She decided to apply _______ the school's exchange program next semester.
知识点9. schedule n.计划表,进度表,日程表 vt.安排;预定
【教材原句】However,they can take up a lot of time,so students have to learn to organise their busy schedules. (教材P8)
【拓展】
(1)on schedule 准时;按时间表
(2)ahead of schedule=ahead of time 提前
(3)be scheduled to do sth. 预定/按计划要做某事
【写作佳句】
I made a study schedule to balance homework and sports training every week.我制定了学习计划表,以便每周平衡作业和体育训练。
【经典练】
单句语法填空
①I figure that only if we work extra hours can we complete the project _____ schedule or even ahead of schedule.
微写作
②学生传统国画展览按计划要在5月15日至24日在图书馆二楼举行。
An exhibition of students' traditional Chinese paintings __________________________________________ from May 15 to May 24.
知识点10. figure v. 认为,以为;计算
【教材原句】But then I figured I'd better just go all out and see what happens. (教材P11)
【拓展】
(1)figure out计算出;想出;弄明白
(2)figure n.数字;体形;图形;人物
(3)keep one’s figure 保持身材
【写作佳句】I figure that joining the reading club will help improve my essay writing.我认为加入阅读俱乐部有助于提高我的作文写作水平。
【经典练】
完成句子:Can you help me ______________ (计算出) the total cost of the class party?
知识点11. refer to 参考,查阅,提到,谈到;指的是;适用于
【教材原句】Refer to the interview for ideas.(教材P13)
【拓展】
(1)refer to...as... 把……称作……
(2)reference n. 提及,谈到;参考;查阅
(3)reference books 参考书
【写作佳句】
If you want to know the meaning of this word, you can refer to the dictionary.如果你想知道这个单词的意思,你可以查阅词典。
【经典练】
单句语法填空
There are so many books that you can refer ____ in the library.
知识点12. look forward to (兴奋地)期待,盼望
【教材原句】I'm looking forward to it!(教材P14)
【拓展】
(1)语法结构:look forward to + 名词 / 代词 / 动名词
(2)联想含有介词to的相似搭配:
A. 与习惯相关
be/get used to doing sth.(习惯于做某事)
例:He is used to getting up early for morning reading.(他习惯早起晨读。)
prefer doing sth. to doing sth.(比起做某事更偏爱做另一件事)
例:I prefer listening to music to watching TV in my spare time.(空闲时我宁愿听音乐也不愿看电视。)
B. 与 “致力于 / 投身” 相关
devote...to doing sth.(把…… 投入到做某事)
例:Scientists devote their lives to researching cancer treatment.(科学家们毕生致力于研究癌症治疗。)
be devoted to doing sth.(专注于做某事)
例:The teacher is devoted to helping students solve problems.(这位老师专注于帮助学生解决问题。)
contribute to doing sth.(为做某事做贡献)
例:Planting more trees contributes to improving the environment.(多植树有助于改善环境。
【写作佳句】She is looking forward to seeing her grandparents next week.她期待着下周见到她的祖父母。
【经典练】
1.用所给词的适当形式填空
①I’m looking forward to _______ (visit) the new museum this weekend.
②She looks forward to _______ (get) a letter from her pen pal.
2.完成句子
①我们期待着暑假的到来。We are ______________ the summer holiday.
②他期待再次见到你。He _____________________ you again.
二、语法清单
基本句型结构
【感知·语法规律】
先看看这些句子,找找它们的不同之处:
1.The cat runs.
2.I like apples.
3.The sky is blue.
4.My dad gave me a book.
5.We painted the wall white.
6.Tom sleeps in the bedroom.
7.Lucy put the bag on the desk.
规律总结:
•多数句子都有 “主语 + 谓语”,但因为谓语动词的不同,以及后面跟着的成分不一样,就形成了不同的句型。
•有的动词后面必须加东西(及物动词),有的不用(不及物动词),还有的动词是用来连接描述主语的(系动词)。
【精讲·语法知识】
1. 主谓结构(S + V)
•结构:主语(动作执行者) + 不及物动词(不能直接加宾语的动词)
•特点:动词意思完整,不需要接宾语。常和表示时间、地点的词一起用。
•例句:
◦Birds fly.(鸟儿飞。)
◦She arrived.(她到了。)
2. 主谓宾结构(S + V + O)
•结构:主语 + 及物动词(能直接加宾语的动词) + 宾语(动作对象)
•特点:宾语可以是名词、代词,或者动词的 -ing 形式。
•例句:
◦We study English.(我们学习英语。)
◦He plays football.(他踢足球。)
3. 主系表结构(S + Link V + P)
•结构:主语 + 系动词 + 表语(描述主语的词)
•特点:系动词不表示具体动作,用来连接主语和描述它的词。
•常见系动词:
◦be 动词:am,is,are,was,were
◦感官动词:look(看起来),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),feel(感觉)
◦变化动词:become(变得),get(变得)
•例句:
◦The food tastes good.(食物尝起来不错。)
◦She became happy.(她变得开心了。)
4. 主谓双宾结构(S + V + IO + DO)
•结构:主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语(人) + 直接宾语(物)
•特点:表示 “给某人某物” 或 “为某人做某事”。
•常见动词:give(给),send(送),teach(教),buy(买)
•句型变化:间接宾语可以改成 “to/for + 宾语”
◦give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.
◦buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.
•例句:
◦Mom bought me a skirt. = Mom bought a skirt for me.(妈妈给我买了一条裙子。)
◦Mr. Li taught us English. = Mr. Li taught English to us.(李老师教我们英语。)
5. 主谓宾宾补结构(S + V + O + C)
•结构:主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(补充说明宾语)
•特点:宾补能是形容词、动词原形、动词 -ing 形式等,让句子意思更完整。
•常见动词:
◦使役动词:make(使),let(让)
◦感官动词:see(看见),hear(听见)
•例句:
◦We saw her dance.(我们看见她跳舞。)[动词原形作宾补]
◦They kept the door closed.(他们让门关着。)[形容词作宾补]
6.主谓状结构(S + V + A)
主语 + 动词 + 状语(说明时间、地点等)
The kids play in the park.(孩子们在公园玩。)[主谓状]
特点:状语通常由介词短语、副词充当。
7.主谓宾状结构(S + V + O + A)
•结构: 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 状语
•例句: She reads books at home.(她在家读书。)[主谓宾状]
【经典练】
一、写出画线词的句法功能
1.I want to make a good first impression.
2.I found a big change there.
3.My favourite subject is physics.
4.My dream is to start my own IT company!
5.I bought Mary a birthday gift.
6.I make the room warm.
7.The metal felt smooth and cold.
8.He became an English teacher.
9.There are some other courses.
10.Class begins.
_______
_______
_______
_______
_______
_______
_______
_______
_______
_______
二、判断下列句子属于哪种基本句型
1.The new term begins.(_______)
2.The headteacher gave us some useful study tips.(_______)
3.The students discuss actively in the group meeting.(_______)
4.The teacher asked us to finish the project on time.(_______)
5.We write our daily thoughts in the journal every day.(_______)
6.The school library seems quiet and peaceful.(_______)
三、用括号内单词的正确形式完成句子
1.The movie made me ______(cry).
2.He keeps the window ______(open).
3.My teacher gave ______(we)a lot of homework.
4.They walk ______(quick)to school.
四、翻译句子
1.这个故事听起来很有趣。
__________________________________
2.我把钥匙落在教室里了。
__________________________________
3.老师让我们每天读英语。
__________________________________
三、写作清单
【点拨·写作技巧】
日记的正文是日记的主要部分,写在星期和日期的正下方,可以顶格写,也可以内缩3至5个字母的空间。由于记载的内容通常已经发生,时态多用一般过去时。但也可根据具体情况,用其他时态。如记叙天气或描写景色,为了描写生动,可以使用现在时以表现当时的情景。再如文后发表感想或评论可用现在时态或将来时态。写日记力求简洁明了,有连贯性。具体写作结构为:
【积累·写作素材】
常用句式
1. 开头常用语
(1)Today was an unforgettable day because...(今天是难忘的一天,因为……)
(2)I had an amazing/wonderful time today...(今天我度过了美妙的时光……)
(3)Something interesting happened to me today...(今天我身上发生了一件有趣的事……)
(4)This morning/afternoon/evening, I...(今天早上 / 下午 / 晚上,我……)
2. 主体部分常用语
(1)描述事件:
First...Then...After that...Finally...(首先…… 然后…… 在那之后…… 最后……)
While I was...(当我在…… 的时候)
Suddenly, I noticed...(突然,我注意到……)
(2)表达感受:
I felt so happy/sad/nervous/excited that...(我感到非常开心 / 难过 / 紧张 / 兴奋,以至于……)
It made me feel...(这让我感觉……)
I couldn't believe my eyes when...(当…… 的时候,我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛)
3. 结尾常用语
What a meaningful day!(多么有意义的一天啊!)
I hope tomorrow will be as great as today.(我希望明天和今天一样美好。)
I'll never forget this special day.(我永远不会忘记这个特别的日子。)
I'm looking forward to...(我期待着……)
【示例·分步写作】
假设你是李华,刚上高中一周左右。请你按以下内容写一篇日记,简单记录你进入高中
以来,在校园里面遇到或者经历的事情。
注意:
1. 词数 100 左右 (开头已给出,但不计入总词数);
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Tuesday March 2 Fine
I’ve been at Senior High school for more than a week.
第一步:审题谋篇
体裁
记叙文
人称
以第一、三人称为主
时态
主要时态应用一般过去时态
框架
第一段:介绍背景;
第二段:描述事件;
第三段:表达感受。
第二步:要点翻译
1.在迎新日期间,我了解了校园布局,还加入了辩论社。(get to)
During Orientation Day, _____________________ layout and joined the debate club.
2.我对这个辩论社团非常感兴趣。(really)
_____________________ the debate club.
3.课堂上,老师们鼓励我们表达自己的观点。(express)
In class, teachers ____________________________ opinions.
4.我发现自己渴望学习新知识。(eager)
I found _____________________ new knowledge.
5.起初,我心里发慌,但现在我在这里感觉就像在家一样自在。(feel at home)
At first, I __________________________________________________________ here.
第三步:词句升级
1.用定语从句合并句1和句2
____________________________________________________________________________________________2.用并列连词合并句3和句4
____________________________________________________________________________________________第四步:连句成篇
Tuesday September 12 Fine
I’ve been at Senior High school for more than a week.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
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Unit 1 A New Start
单词
1. senior adj. (地位、水平或级别) 高的,高级的
2. author n. 作者,作家
3. piano n. 钢琴
4. stage n. 舞台
5. topic n. 话题,论题
6. schedule n. 计划表,进度表,日程表
7. award n. 奖,奖赏
8. opportunity n. 机会,时机
9. view n. (一次) 观看
10. sight n. 看到,看见
11. figure v. 认为,以为
12. struggle v. 奋斗,拼搏
13. neat adj. 好的,令人愉快的
14. specific adj. 具体的,特定的
15. journal n. 日记,日志
16. forward adv. 向前
17. exchange v. 交流 (信息、想法等)
短语
1.senior high 高中
2.one by one 依次地,一个接一个地
3.depend on/upon 依靠,取决于
4.butterflies in one's stomach 情绪紧张,心里发慌
5.in panic 惊慌地
6.keep calm 保持镇静
7.go all out 全力以赴,竭尽全力
8. Orientation Day 迎新日
9. in particular 尤其,特别
10. refer to 参考;查阅;提到,谈到
11. graduate from 毕业于
12. look forward to (兴奋地) 期待,盼望
13. at the sight of 看见…… 时
熟词生义
1.sharp adj. 敏锐的,聪明的
2.view n. (一次)观看
3.figure v. 认为,以为
4.neat adj. 好的,令人愉快的
5.rate v. 对… 作评估,评价
6.performance n. (工作或活动中的)表现
句型
1. be doing...when... 正在做某事……这时……
I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.
2.现在分词(短语)作状语:Turning around, I saw a white-haired man.
3.with复合结构:With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply.
4.It is+a(n)+adj.+n.+for sb. to do sth.某人做某事是.....
It’s a fantastic opportunity for new students to get to know the school and the other students.
语法
基本句型结构
一、词汇清单
知识点1. curious adj.好奇的 (教材P1)
【拓展】
(1)其他词义:稀奇古怪的,不寻常的
(2)be curious about... 对……感到好奇
(3)be curious to do sth. 对做某事感到好奇
(4)curiosity n. 好奇心
(5)with curiosity 好奇地
(6)out of curiosity 出于好奇
【写作佳句】
If you are curious about the history of our school or concerned about its future, you mustn’t miss this excellent opportunity! 如果你对我们学校的历史感到好奇或者关心学校的未来, 那么你一定不要错过这次绝佳的机会!
【经典练】
单句语法填空
①When I entered senior high school, I was curious about the computer and built my first website.
②The baby looked at the balloon with curiosity (curious).
完成句子
人们聚集在周围,好奇地想知道正在发生什么。
People gathered round, curious to know what was happening.
知识点2. eagerness n. 热切,渴望
【教材原句】I woke up early and rushed out of the door in my eagerness to get to know my new school. (教材P2)
【拓展】
(1)eager adj. 热切的;渴望的,热衷的
(2)be eager for sth.渴求某物
(3)be eager to do sth.渴望做某事
(4)eagerly adv. 渴望地,热切地
【写作佳句】
Some of us were confident and eager to take part in the class activity.
我们中的一些人自信并且渴望参加课堂活动。(2018课标全国卷Ⅲ)
【经典练】
1) All the students are eager for the upcoming sports meeting.
2) The new students looked eagerly (eager) at the campus map, ready to explore the school.
3) He is eager to improve (improve) his spoken English by joining the English corner.
知识点3. impression n.印象,感想
【教材原句】What could I say to make a good first impression? (教材P3)
【拓展】
(1)make/leave a(n)... impression on sb.给某人留下一个……的印象
(2)impress vt. 使钦佩;给……留下深刻的好印象
be impressed by/at/with... 对……印象深刻
(3)impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的
【写作佳句】
My first impression of senior high was that the campus was much larger than my junior high school.我对高中的第一印象是校园比初中大得多。
【经典练】
1. 单句语法填空
1)The school's modern library left a deep impression (impress)on me during the first campus tour.
2)All freshmen were impressed by the senior students' excellent performance in the opening ceremony.
3)The impressive (impress)design of the classroom made us feel comfortable on the first day.
2. 完成句子
The headteacher's speech made/left a good impression on(给…… 留下好印象)all new students at the welcome meeting.
知识点4. pressure n. 压力
【教材原句】Challenges like this might sometimes put you under pressure. (教材P4)
【拓展】
(1)put pressure on sb. 给某人施压
(2)under (great) pressure 处于(巨大)压力下
(3)relieve/reduce pressure 缓解压力
(4)academic pressure 学业压力
(5)pressure to do sth. 做某事的压力
【写作佳句】Joining the drama club brings exciting challenges, but sometimes I feel pressure to remember all the lines.加入戏剧社带来了令人兴奋的挑战,但有时我会因记全台词而感到压力。
【经典练】
单句语法填空
1) Parents should avoid putting pressure on their children to get perfect grades.
2) She learned to reduce pressure by joining the school art club.
3) The students are under pressure to finish the project before the deadline.
知识点5. frightened adj. 受惊的,害怕的
【教材原句】I was frightened at the sight of the test paper. (教材P11)
【拓展】
(1)be frightened of害怕……
(2)be frightened to do sth.害怕做某事
(3)frighten vt. 使惊恐,吓唬
(4)frighten sb. into doing sth.吓得某人做某事
(5)frighten sb. out of doing sth.吓得某人不敢做某事
(6)frighten sb. to death把某人吓得要死
(7)frighten sb./sth. away/off把某人/某物吓跑
(8)frightening adj. 吓人的;可怕的;令人恐惧的,令人害怕的
(9)fright n. 惊吓,恐怖
【写作佳句】
He was frightened to speak in front of the whole class on the first day of senior high.高一第一天,他害怕在全班面前讲话。
【经典练】
完成句子
The frightening (frighten) noise from the science lab made students scream in class.
The little girl was frightened to walk alone at night (害怕独自走夜路) after watching the horror movie.
知识点6. argue v.争辨;争论;辩论;说服
【教材原句】Argue about the week's hottest topics with the school's sharpest minds! (教材P7)
【拓展】
(1)argue for/against ... 赞成……/反对……
(2)argue with sb. on/about/over sth. 与某人争辩某事
(3)argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
(4)argument n. 争论;争辩;论点
【联想】 “说服某人做某事”的表达形式:
①persuade sb. to do sth. ②persuade sb. into doing sth.
③convince sb. to do sth. ④talk sb. into doing sth.
【写作佳句】
My classmates often argue about the best way to prepare for the English speech contest. 我的同学们经常争论准备英语演讲比赛的最佳方式。
【经典练】
1.单句语法填空
①[2024·全国甲卷]The great significance of protecting the ocean is beyond argument (argue).
②We tried many ways to argue him into following (follow) our advice,but in vain.
2.完成句子
我多么后悔与她就那些不那么重要的事情争论,那使我们都很沮丧。
How I regretted arguing with her about those less important questions, which made us all upset.
知识点7. various adj.各种不同的;各种各样的;
【教材原句】In the UK and the US,senior high school students take part in various after- school activities,such as club activities and volunteer work.(教材P8)
【拓展】
(1)vary vt. 改变;变更 vi.变化,不同
vary from...to... 由……到……不等
vary in sth. (大小、形状等)不同,有别
vary with... 随……变化,改变
(2)variety n. 种种;多样化
a variety of/varieties of 种种……
【写作佳句】
During the class discussion, students shared various opinions on how to reduce study pressure.课堂讨论中,学生们就 “如何缓解学习压力” 分享了不同观点。
【经典练】
1.单句语法填空
①[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷]Yellowstone National Park offers a variety (vary) of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year.
②I have a great passion for reading, especially the story books, varying from Chinese stories to English stories.
2.词汇/句式升级
③Our school has built a new stadium.It has all kinds of well-equipped facilities.
→Our school has built a new stadium, which has various/varieties of/a variety of well-equipped facilities.(升级加黑词;定语从句)
知识点8.apply vi.申请;适用,应用于 vt.专心于;运用,应用;涂,敷
【教材原句】After-school activities also play a part when students apply to college. (教材P8)
【拓展】
(1)apply...to... 把……运用到……中;把……涂到……上
apply (to...) for... (向……)申请……
apply oneself to doing sth. 集中精力做某事
(2)applicant n. 申请人
application n. 申请;申请书;适用
【写作佳句】If you want to join the science club, you need to apply to the teacher for permission.如果你想加入科学俱乐部,你需要向老师申请获得许可。
【经典练】
用适当介词填空
Students should learn to apply what they learn to real-life problems.
She decided to apply for the school's exchange program next semester.
知识点9. schedule n.计划表,进度表,日程表 vt.安排;预定
【教材原句】However,they can take up a lot of time,so students have to learn to organise their busy schedules. (教材P8)
【拓展】
(1)on schedule 准时;按时间表
(2)ahead of schedule=ahead of time 提前
(3)be scheduled to do sth. 预定/按计划要做某事
【写作佳句】
I made a study schedule to balance homework and sports training every week.我制定了学习计划表,以便每周平衡作业和体育训练。
【经典练】
单句语法填空
①I figure that only if we work extra hours can we complete the project on schedule or even ahead of schedule.
微写作
②学生传统国画展览按计划要在5月15日至24日在图书馆二楼举行。
An exhibition of students' traditional Chinese paintings is scheduled to be held on the second floor of our library from May 15 to May 24.
知识点10. figure v. 认为,以为;计算
【教材原句】But then I figured I'd better just go all out and see what happens. (教材P11)
【拓展】
(1)figure out计算出;想出;弄明白
(2)figure n.数字;体形;图形;人物
(3)keep one’s figure 保持身材
【写作佳句】I figure that joining the reading club will help improve my essay writing.我认为加入阅读俱乐部有助于提高我的作文写作水平。
【经典练】
完成句子:Can you help me figure out (计算出) the total cost of the class party?
知识点11. refer to 参考,查阅,提到,谈到;指的是;适用于
【教材原句】Refer to the interview for ideas.(教材P13)
【拓展】
(1)refer to...as... 把……称作……
(2)reference n. 提及,谈到;参考;查阅
(3)reference books 参考书
【写作佳句】
If you want to know the meaning of this word, you can refer to the dictionary.如果你想知道这个单词的意思,你可以查阅词典。
【经典练】
单句语法填空
There are so many books that you can refer to in the library.
知识点12. look forward to (兴奋地)期待,盼望
【教材原句】I'm looking forward to it!(教材P14)
【拓展】
(1)语法结构:look forward to + 名词 / 代词 / 动名词
(2)联想含有介词to的相似搭配:
A. 与习惯相关
be/get used to doing sth.(习惯于做某事)
例:He is used to getting up early for morning reading.(他习惯早起晨读。)
prefer doing sth. to doing sth.(比起做某事更偏爱做另一件事)
例:I prefer listening to music to watching TV in my spare time.(空闲时我宁愿听音乐也不愿看电视。)
B. 与 “致力于 / 投身” 相关
devote...to doing sth.(把…… 投入到做某事)
例:Scientists devote their lives to researching cancer treatment.(科学家们毕生致力于研究癌症治疗。)
be devoted to doing sth.(专注于做某事)
例:The teacher is devoted to helping students solve problems.(这位老师专注于帮助学生解决问题。)
contribute to doing sth.(为做某事做贡献)
例:Planting more trees contributes to improving the environment.(多植树有助于改善环境。
【写作佳句】She is looking forward to seeing her grandparents next week.她期待着下周见到她的祖父母。
【经典练】
1.用所给词的适当形式填空
①I’m looking forward to visiting (visit) the new museum this weekend.
②She looks forward to getting (get) a letter from her pen pal.
2.完成句子
①我们期待着暑假的到来。We are looking forward to the summer holiday.
②他期待再次见到你。He looks forward to seeing you again.
二、语法清单
基本句型结构
【感知·语法规律】
先看看这些句子,找找它们的不同之处:
1.The cat runs.
2.I like apples.
3.The sky is blue.
4.My dad gave me a book.
5.We painted the wall white.
6.Tom sleeps in the bedroom.
7.Lucy put the bag on the desk.
规律总结:
•多数句子都有 “主语 + 谓语”,但因为谓语动词的不同,以及后面跟着的成分不一样,就形成了不同的句型。
•有的动词后面必须加东西(及物动词),有的不用(不及物动词),还有的动词是用来连接描述主语的(系动词)。
【精讲·语法知识】
1. 主谓结构(S + V)
•结构:主语(动作执行者) + 不及物动词(不能直接加宾语的动词)
•特点:动词意思完整,不需要接宾语。常和表示时间、地点的词一起用。
•例句:
◦Birds fly.(鸟儿飞。)
◦She arrived.(她到了。)
2. 主谓宾结构(S + V + O)
•结构:主语 + 及物动词(能直接加宾语的动词) + 宾语(动作对象)
•特点:宾语可以是名词、代词,或者动词的 -ing 形式。
•例句:
◦We study English.(我们学习英语。)
◦He plays football.(他踢足球。)
3. 主系表结构(S + Link V + P)
•结构:主语 + 系动词 + 表语(描述主语的词)
•特点:系动词不表示具体动作,用来连接主语和描述它的词。
•常见系动词:
◦be 动词:am,is,are,was,were
◦感官动词:look(看起来),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来),feel(感觉)
◦变化动词:become(变得),get(变得)
•例句:
◦The food tastes good.(食物尝起来不错。)
◦She became happy.(她变得开心了。)
4. 主谓双宾结构(S + V + IO + DO)
•结构:主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语(人) + 直接宾语(物)
•特点:表示 “给某人某物” 或 “为某人做某事”。
•常见动词:give(给),send(送),teach(教),buy(买)
•句型变化:间接宾语可以改成 “to/for + 宾语”
◦give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.
◦buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.
•例句:
◦Mom bought me a skirt. = Mom bought a skirt for me.(妈妈给我买了一条裙子。)
◦Mr. Li taught us English. = Mr. Li taught English to us.(李老师教我们英语。)
5. 主谓宾宾补结构(S + V + O + C)
•结构:主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语(补充说明宾语)
•特点:宾补能是形容词、动词原形、动词 -ing 形式等,让句子意思更完整。
•常见动词:
◦使役动词:make(使),let(让)
◦感官动词:see(看见),hear(听见)
•例句:
◦We saw her dance.(我们看见她跳舞。)[动词原形作宾补]
◦They kept the door closed.(他们让门关着。)[形容词作宾补]
6.主谓状结构(S + V + A)
主语 + 动词 + 状语(说明时间、地点等)
The kids play in the park.(孩子们在公园玩。)[主谓状]
特点:状语通常由介词短语、副词充当。
7.主谓宾状结构(S + V + O + A)
•结构: 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 状语
•例句: She reads books at home.(她在家读书。)[主谓宾状]
【经典练】
一、写出画线词的句法功能
1.I want to make a good first impression.
2.I found a big change there.
3.My favourite subject is physics.
4.My dream is to start my own IT company!
5.I bought Mary a birthday gift.
6.I make the room warm.
7.The metal felt smooth and cold.
8.He became an English teacher.
9.There are some other courses.
10.Class begins.
谓语
地点状语
表语
表语
间接宾语
宾语补足语
表语
主语
表语
谓语
二、判断下列句子属于哪种基本句型
1.The new term begins.(主谓)
2.The headteacher gave us some useful study tips.(主谓双宾)
3.The students discuss actively in the group meeting.(主谓状)
4.The teacher asked us to finish the project on time.(主谓宾宾补)
5.We write our daily thoughts in the journal every day.(主谓宾状)
6.The school library seems quiet and peaceful.(主系表)
三、用括号内单词的正确形式完成句子
1.The movie made me cry(cry).
2.He keeps the window open(open).
3.My teacher gave us(we)a lot of homework.
4.They walk quickly(quick)to school.
四、翻译句子
1.这个故事听起来很有趣。
The story sounds very interesting.
2.我把钥匙落在教室里了。
I left the key in the classroom.
3.老师让我们每天读英语。
The teacher lets us read English every day.
三、写作清单
【点拨·写作技巧】
日记的正文是日记的主要部分,写在星期和日期的正下方,可以顶格写,也可以内缩3至5个字母的空间。由于记载的内容通常已经发生,时态多用一般过去时。但也可根据具体情况,用其他时态。如记叙天气或描写景色,为了描写生动,可以使用现在时以表现当时的情景。再如文后发表感想或评论可用现在时态或将来时态。写日记力求简洁明了,有连贯性。具体写作结构为:
【积累·写作素材】
常用句式
1. 开头常用语
(1)Today was an unforgettable day because...(今天是难忘的一天,因为……)
(2)I had an amazing/wonderful time today...(今天我度过了美妙的时光……)
(3)Something interesting happened to me today...(今天我身上发生了一件有趣的事……)
(4)This morning/afternoon/evening, I...(今天早上 / 下午 / 晚上,我……)
2. 主体部分常用语
(1)描述事件:
First...Then...After that...Finally...(首先…… 然后…… 在那之后…… 最后……)
While I was...(当我在…… 的时候)
Suddenly, I noticed...(突然,我注意到……)
(2)表达感受:
I felt so happy/sad/nervous/excited that...(我感到非常开心 / 难过 / 紧张 / 兴奋,以至于……)
It made me feel...(这让我感觉……)
I couldn't believe my eyes when...(当…… 的时候,我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛)
3. 结尾常用语
What a meaningful day!(多么有意义的一天啊!)
I hope tomorrow will be as great as today.(我希望明天和今天一样美好。)
I'll never forget this special day.(我永远不会忘记这个特别的日子。)
I'm looking forward to...(我期待着……)
【示例·分步写作】
假设你是李华,刚上高中一周左右。请你按以下内容写一篇日记,简单记录你进入高中
以来,在校园里面遇到或者经历的事情。
注意:
1. 词数 100 左右 (开头已给出,但不计入总词数);
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Tuesday March 2 Fine
I’ve been at Senior High school for more than a week.
第一步:审题谋篇
体裁
记叙文
人称
以第一、三人称为主
时态
主要时态应用一般过去时态
框架
第一段:介绍背景;
第二段:描述事件;
第三段:表达感受。
第二步:要点翻译
1.在迎新日期间,我了解了校园布局,还加入了辩论社。(get to)
During Orientation Day, I got to know the campus layout and joined the debate club.
2.我对这个辩论社团非常感兴趣。(really)
I’m really interested in the debate club.
3.课堂上,老师们鼓励我们表达自己的观点。(express)
In class, teachers encouraged us to express opinions.
4.我发现自己渴望学习新知识。(eager)
I found myself eager to learn new knowledge.
5.起初,我心里发慌,但现在我在这里感觉就像在家一样自在。(feel at home)
At first, I had butterflies in my stomach, but now I feel at home here.
第三步:词句升级
1.用定语从句合并句1和句2
During Orientation Day, I got to know the campus layout and joined the debate club, which I’m really interested in.
2.用并列连词合并句3和句4
In class, teachers encouraged us to express opinions, and I found myself eager to learn new knowledge.
第四步:连句成篇
Tuesday September 12 Fine
I’ve been at Senior High school for more than a week. The first day on campus was full of excitement.
During Orientation Day, I got to know the campus layout and joined the debate club, which I’m really interested in. In class, teachers encouraged us to express opinions, and I found myself eager to learn new knowledge. After school, I made friends with some classmates. We talked about our dreams and hobbies, and it felt great. At first, I had butterflies in my stomach, but now I feel at home here.
Every day here is like a new adventure. I enjoy the challenges of senior high studies and the fun activities in the clubs. Though there’s still a lot to learn, I’m not afraid at all. I’m looking forward to what the future holds in this new stage of my life.
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