2024-2025学年初高中英语衔接之语音课件

1.学会音标，会拼读单词； 2.用音标读音规律帮助记忆单词。 初高衔接： 英语国际音标复习 元 音 12个单元音 长元音 [a:] [ɔ:] [ɜː] [i:] [u:] 短元音 [ʌ] [ɒ] [ә] [ɪ] [ʊ] [e] [æ] 8个双元音 [ɪə] [eә ] [ʊə] [eɪ] [aɪ] [ɔɪ] [əʊ] [aʊ] 辅 音 10对 清辅音 [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [∫] [t∫] [tr] [ts] 浊辅音 [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [ð] [ʒ] [dʒ] [dr] [dz] 3个鼻音 [m] [n] [ŋ] 3个似拼音 [h] [r] [l] 2个半元音 [w] [j] 音标小口诀： 国际音标48， 元音20辅28， 元音又分单和双， 单音12双8个。 辅音10对清浊对， 3个鼻音/m/,/n/, /ŋ/, 3个似拼音/h/,/r/, /l/ 还有半元音/j/ 和 /w/。 第一组元音20：借助拼音a o ә i u；ә i u 5组 a o ә i u，再加[e][æ]，共12单元音 3ә；3i；2u，共8个双元音 [ɪə] ；[eә ]；[ʊə] [eɪ]； [aɪ]；[ɔɪ] [əʊ]；[aʊ] 请默写20个元音 12个单元音 长元音 [a:] [ɔ:] [ɜː] [i:] [u:] 短元音 [ʌ] [ɒ] [ә] [ɪ] [ʊ] [e] [æ] 请默写28个辅音 辅 音 10对 清辅音 [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [∫] [t∫] [tr] [ts] 浊辅音 [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [ð] [ʒ] [dʒ] [dr] [dz] 3个鼻音 [m] [n] [ŋ] 3个似拼音 [h] [r] [l] 2个半元音 [w] [j] 注意这些读音 [a:n] [ɔ:n] [ɜːn] [i:n] [u:n] [ʌn] [ɒn] [әn] [ɪn] [ʊn] [en] [æn] [ɪən ] [eәn ] [ʊən] [eɪn] [aɪn] [ɔɪn] [əʊn] [aʊn] [ju:n] 拼读这些音 [pa:] [ta:] [ka:] [fa:] [sa:] [θa:] [∫a:] [t∫a:] [tra:] [ts] [ba:] [da:] [ga:] [va:] [za:] [ða:] [ʒa:] [dʒa:] [dra:] [dz] 3个鼻音 [ma:] [na:] [a:ŋ] 3个似拼音 [ha:] [ra:] [la:] 2个半元音 [wa:] [ja:] 长元音 [a:] arm fast class glance demand [ɔ:] saw horse board always bought caught [ɜː] sir fur word her heard [i:] be eve eat feel grief people [u:] who tooth blue group fruit future 短元音 [ʌ] up fun other touch [ɒ] top concert wash swallow long [ә] ago again fever teacher doctor [ɪ] sit busy belong horses needed longest [ʊ] put bullet cook could women [e] get never spend [æ] cap mass fancy 双元音 [ɪə ] near cheer period serious [eә ] air bear care there [ʊə] sure tour cure [eɪ] name pay they gain [aɪ] die ride fight fly [ɔɪ] boy oil join loyal [əʊ] go hope show boat [aʊ] now crown mouth round 辅 音 轻辅音 [p] pen [t] task [k] cat kite school [f] five photo tough enough [s] six nice [θ] thin [∫] sheep wash sure [t∫] chip touch hatch watch [tr] tree treat try [ts] hats cats bites [b] buy [d] desk [g] give [v] view [z] zero rose boys [ð] this [ʒ] decision measure pleasure [dʒ] jeep june edge age [dr] drive dry [dz] reads beds rides 浊辅音 3个鼻音 [m] mini [n] nine [η] sing 3个似拼音 [h] hike [r] rice [l] like apple 2个半元音 [w] we why [j] [ju:] yes unit 1.英语单词分单音节词、双音节词和多音节词 2.确定音节时, 一不能只看字母的数, 二不能只看有没有元音字母, 而是要看有没有元音。): 音节是包含一个元音或一个元音跟别的辅音结合而成的发音单位。在英语中元音特别响亮, 一个元音可以构成一个音节 ; 一个元音和一个或几个元音或辅音音素也可以构成一个音节, 如：go, bed, lamp, stand。一般来说,元音可以构成音节, 辅音不响亮, 不能构成音节。 3.但是, ple也是个音节。这是因为英语的28个辅音中有4个响音( / m / , / n / , / ŋ /, / l / ) 它可以和它前面的另一个辅音构成一个音节, 叫做成节音(syllabic), 它总是出现在词的末尾, 而且是非重读的, 如： people /pl/, table /bl/, socialism /zm / 4. 浊化音 以sp__, st___, sk___等开头的单词中，清辅音/p/ /t/ /k/分别要发浊辅音/b/ /d/ /g/等。如：school， sport, sky, start, star，stress 2. 单词重音 (Word stress): 一般来说, 单音节都是重读音节。 重音符号是个直撇,位置在重读音节的左上方。多音节词中往往有次重读音节(secondary stress),次重音符号是一个从下往上挑的直撇,位置在次重读音节的左下方，如：conversation [ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn]， retell [ˌriːˈtel]。 掌握好单词重音的意义在于它不仅涉及单词读音的正确与否，而且关系到词性的问题，也就是说，单词重音对于单词来说，有它的辨音和辨义作用，例如： 有些词属于名词或形容词词性时，它的重音往往在前缀上, 而当这些词属于动词词性时, 它的重音却往往在词根上(名前动后) `record n.唱片/ re`cord v.记录; `present n.礼物/ pre`sent v.呈现；赠送 `desert n.沙漠/ de`sert v.抛弃 `object n.物体/ ob`ject v.反对 读下面单词,有几个音节？ en`danger [ɪnˈdeɪndʒə] 危害v. con`sultant [kənˈsʌltənt] 顾问 n. `principle [ˈprɪnsəpl] 原则，道德准则n. conser`vation [ˌkɒnsəˈveɪʃn] 保护n. co`incidence [kəʊˈɪnsɪdəns]巧合 n. `substitute [ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt]替代品 n. academic [ˌækəˈdemɪk] 学术的 n. A. 音节的种类: (A) 开音节(Open syllables): 分绝对开音节 和相对开音节两种。不论是绝对开音节还是相对开音节, 读音的规则就是发其中元音字母的名称音 a[eɪ]; e[i:]; i [aɪ] ; o[əʊ]; u[ju:]   a) 元音字母+辅音字母+e : name, bike, home, huge, plane, shine， b) 辅音字母+元音字母: he, go, hi, be, hello (B) 闭音节(Close syllables): 元音字母 后面有辅音字母（r除外）时, 这个元 音字母构成的音节叫做闭音节。 它的读音规则是: a[æ]; e [e]; i [ɪ]; o[ɒ]; u[ʌ] a) 辅音+元音+辅音: bad, bed, sit, hot, cup,let, mad, map b)元音+辅音: it,is, of, in, on, up, ant 如: at, cat, desk, best; sit, pig, pick; hot, knock; up, cut, duck等。 音的同化：一个音受另一个邻近音的影响而改变发音：meet you / did you / could you… 音的脱落：两个或多个辅音连在一起，其中一个不发音：could; climb; Wednesday… 不完全爆破：前面的爆破音只做发音口型，不等爆破就转入发后面的辅音blackboard; Good night; goodbye； backpack… Just one last dance. 连读：关系密切的一组词，前一个词以辅音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，这两个音常连在一起读。Take a look at it. / turn around/ wherever/ what about you 意群的停顿：  对于一个较长的句子，可以根据意思和结构将其分成几群（一般会在谓语动词前、并列或从属连词前、介词前停顿）。 Part A Reading aloud (模仿朗读) （用/划停顿，v.n.adj.adv.一般重读，注意弱读和连读，注意尾音-s-es-ed-t-ly-m等，注意单词的重音，不要吞音,不要加尾音；注意升降调；注意不认识单词的读音用谐音，数字人名地名要读准。流畅度最重要，不要漏单词） When we think of our childhood, we often think of it as a time of long school holidays, a time of exploration. As well as growing new talents, we also think of this stage of childhood as a time of growing upwards. But the strange thing is our growth actually slows right down. In studying our consumption of energy, scientists have provided one of the reasons why we take so long to grow up. It’s a trade-off between growing our body versus growing our brain. We simply can’t get enough calories to fully grow both at the same time. （2023A卷） 用/划停顿 Music. It’s the universal language we all know, we all feel. It holds the remarkable power to bring us together in moments both big and small. A single lyric can sweep you up and pull you back to a treasured moment lost in time. It sees no lines of race or nationality. It’s universal, generational, multicultural. It gives us hope, joy, harmony, harmony within ourselves and with one another. The great power of music binds us all together, especially when we need it most, when the world seems to need it most. Music is harmonious And the world can be, too. （2023 B卷） 请自行朗读这些单词 obvious [ˈɒbviəs] adj.明显的; 显然的; 易理解的 analysis [əˈnæləsɪs] n.分析 rank [ræŋk] n.等级 royal [ˈrɔɪəl] adj.皇家的; 王室的 inefficient [ˌɪnɪˈfɪʃnt] adj.效率低的 worthy [ˈwɜːði] adj. 值得尊敬的; 有价值的 church [tʃɜːtʃ] n.教堂; 礼拜;教会 universe [ˈjuːnɪvɜːs] n.宇宙 primitive [ˈprɪmətɪv] adj.原始的; 远古的 请朗读并准备默写这些单词 ob vious [ˈɒbviəs] adj.明显的; 显然的; 易理解的 a na ly sis [əˈnæləsɪs] n.分析 rank [ræŋk] n.等级 roy al [ˈrɔɪəl] adj.皇家的; 王室的 in e ffi cient [ˌɪnɪˈfɪʃnt] adj.效率低的 wor thy [ˈwɜːði] adj. 值得尊敬的; 有价值的 church [tʃɜːtʃ] n.教堂; 礼拜;教会 u ni verse [ˈjuːnɪvɜːs] n.宇宙 pri mi tive [ˈprɪmətɪv] adj.原始的; 远古的 请默写这些单词 1. [ˈɒb viəs] adj.明显的; 显然的; 易理解的 2. [ə ˈnæ lə sɪs] n.分析 3. [ræŋk] n.等级 4. [ˈrɔɪ əl] adj.皇家的; 王室的 5. [ˌɪn ɪˈfɪ ʃnt] adj.效率低的 6. [ˈwɜː ði] adj. 值得尊敬的; 有价值的 7. [tʃɜː tʃ] n.教堂; 礼拜;教会 8. [ˈjuː nɪ vɜːs] n.宇宙 9. [ˈprɪ mə tɪv] adj.原始的; 远古的 元 音 12个单元音 长元音 [a:] [ɔ:] [ɜː] [i:] [u:] 短元音 [ʌ] [ɒ] [ә] [ɪ] [ʊ] [e] [æ] 8个双元音 [ɪə] [eә ] [ʊə] [eɪ] [aɪ] [ɔɪ] [əʊ] [aʊ] 辅 音 10对 清辅音 [p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [∫] [t∫] [tr] [ts] 浊辅音 [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [ð] [ʒ] [dʒ] [dr] [dz] 3个鼻音 [m] [n] [ŋ] 3个似拼音 [h] [r] [l] 2个半元音 [w] [j] Homework 运用音标知识，熟读读必修一整本书的 单词，会划分音节，在单词上划出元音想对应的发音字母组合。 运用音标知识，尝试背诵默写unit1的单词。 $$