精品解析：湖北省黄冈市2024-2025学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题

黄冈市2025年春季高一年级期末质量监测 英语 本试卷共10页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the weather like now? A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Windy. 2. What does the woman usually wear? A Jeans. B. Dresses. C. Suits. 3. What happened to Rohit? A. He lost his football. B. He fell over. C. He got injured. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the car. B. At the airport. C. In the office. 5. What is the topic of the conversation? A. A piece of art. B. The woman’s friend. C. A style of decoration. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man intend to do? A. Open a new account. B. Cash an open cheque. C. Write a cheque. 7. What does the woman tell the man to do in the end? A. Show his ID card. B. Pay the handling fee. C. Open a new account. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the woman call the man? A. To put off their plan. B To ask for help. C. To cancel an appointment. 9. What was the man supposed to do this afternoon? A. Visit his cousin. B. Enjoy a play. C. Buy tickets. 10. What does the man offer to do for the woman? A. Treat her to dinner. B. Pick her up. C. Help her move house. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is Alisa Hayes? A. A fitness coach. B. A college student. C. A model. 12. What extreme method did Alisa Hayes try? A. Having only one meal a day. B. Taking weight-loss pills. C. Going rock climbing. 13. How does Alisa Hayes feel about her figure now? A. Terribly disappointed. B. A bit dissatisfied. C. Greatly proud. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What did the man do yesterday? A. He observed lions in a zoo. B. He went fishing by the river. C. He went to Tian’anmen Square. 15. What is the man’s opinion on the saying about the Lugou Bridge? A. He agrees to it. B. He doesn’t believe it. C. He can’t understand it. 16. When did a bridge similar to the Zhaozhou Bridge first appear in Europe? A. In the 7th century. B. In the 14th century. C. In the 17th century. 17. What will the man do next? A. Talk about the history of the Sui dynasty. B. Share his travel plans for Sydney. C. Introduce a bridge in Australia. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is Peter Handke’s nationality? A. French. B. Austrian. C. German. 19. What did Peter Handke study at college? A. Literature. B. Law. C. Film Production. 20. How old was Peter Handke when he won the Nobel Prize in Literature? A. 61. B. 65. C. 77. 第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Join Boston’s Green New Deal Mission Our Goal Mayor Michelle Wu plans to make Boston a Green New Deal City. The Office of Environment, Energy, and Open Space leads this work. We aim to protect air, water, and land while fighting climate change. Our goals include becoming carbon neutral and preparing for extreme weather. Job Opportunities We’re hiring forroles in various fields. Current opportunities include: ·Energy Transformation Director ·Climate Solution Analyst ·Renewable Energy Manager ·Environment Communications Manager Check boston. gov/jobs for openings in public works, transportation, and other departments. Why Work with Us? 1. Meaningful Impact Be part of leading environmental policies in the U. S. Your work will directly shape Boston’s sustainable future. 2 Diverse & Open to All Teams We welcome non-traditional applicants. Whether you’re from science, policy, or community work, your ideas are valued. 3. Benefits We have competitive benefits, including health insurance and retirement plans. We focus on passion and potential instead of related experience. And even some positions offer union membership. Additionally, salary details and union information will be listed with each job posting. . Requirements ·Residency rule: All employees must live in the City of Boston when starting the job. ·Six-month probation(试用期)：A standard probationary period is in place to ensure a good fit for both the employee and the city. 1. What is the main purpose of Boston’s Green New Deal? A. To provide job opportunities. B. To stress employee benefits. C. To explain energy transformation. D. To practice environmental protection. 2. How can applicants find jobs? A. By contacting the office directly. B. By checking the city’s job website. C. By looking through union networks. D. By attending public works interviews. 3. What requirements are needed for new employees? A. Boston residency & probation period. B. Union membership & probation pass. C. Competitive salary & science degree. D. Climate experience & listed salaries. B German sinologist (汉学家) Martin Woesler recently made his first visit to the ancient Silk Road center of Dunhuang in northwest China’s Gansu Province, where he was amazed by the city’s unique cultural charm. Starting from Hunan Normal University, where he currently teaches, Woesler traveled to attend the fourth Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilizations, an international conference held in Dunhuang from May 29 to 31. During his brief stay in Gansu, he joined scholars from all around the world in sharing ideas about cross-cultural dialogue. When standing in front of the Mogao Grottoes for the first time, he was deeply impressed by an unexpected sense of cultural connection-one that bridged both time and geography. In Cave 285, the wall paintings feature an amazing mix of figures — Apollo and Diana from Greek mythology, Fuxi and Nuwa from Chinese legends, flying apsaras (飞天) from Indian Buddhism and feathered immortals (神) from Daoism. It is these mixed civilizations that form the cultural wonder showed in Dunhuang, noted Woesler. Woesler’s connection with China began 38 years ago when he was attracted by a Chinese poem at a poetry reading in Germany. Having lived, worked, and studied in China for 30 years, he had already known Dunhuang as an oasis (绿洲) city surrounded by desert, a treasure house of art and heritage, and a cultural crossroads shaped by centuries of Silk Road exchanges. For decades, Woesler has worked to bridge the gap between cultures. His career has frequently taken him between Germany and China, and he remains committed to helping the world better understand Chinese literature and culture. He believes that even today, people from different countries can still draw wisdom and strength from it. His journey to Dunhuang has now brought new reflections on cultural dialogue in the digital age. 4. Why did Woesler visit Dunhuang? A. To study ancient wall paintings. B. To attend an international conference. C. To explore the Silk Road history. D. To teach at a Chinese university. 5. What deeply impressed Woesler about the Mogao Grottoes? A. The influence of Indian Buddhism. B. The combination of different cultures. C. The well-protected paintings on the wall. D. The attractive oasis city surrounded by desert. 6. What does Woesler believe about cultural exchange? A. It succeeds on digital platforms. B. It is limited to historical contexts. C. It plays a key role in modern society. D. It should attach importance to traditions. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The History of Silk Road: From Ancient Trade to Modern Dialogue. B. The Magic of Mogao Grottoes: A Treasure House of Art and Heritage. C. A Challenge in Digital Age: Bridging the Gap between Different Cultures. D. A Sinologist’s Journey: Rediscovering Dunhuang’s Cultural Combination. C Many pet owners believe their animals can sense their feelings, but what does science say? Researchers have found evidence that some animals do respond to human emotions, though the reasons may be more practical than emotional. Dogs are particularly good at reading human signals. A study from the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna used brain scans to show that dogs react differently to happy and angry human voices. Their brains light up in reward centers when hearing praise, suggesting they associate positive tones with good outcomes. However, this doesn’t necessarily mean dogs “feel” for us—it may just be smart learning from years of living with humans. Dolphins show even more surprising behaviors. Scientists observed that when trainers seemed upset, dolphins would often swim over to comfort them, using special sounds normally heard between dolphin mothers and babies. While this looks like empathy, some experts think dolphins might just be responding to visible signs of discomfort. Cats, on the other hand, remain a mystery. Despite having similar brain structures to dogs, most cats seem indifferent to human emotions. Studies show they recognize their owner’s voice but usually choose not to respond-a fact many cat owners know too well! So do animals truly understand us? Current research suggests they’ re probably responding to signals they’ve learned to associate with rewards or safety, rather than experiencing human-like emotions. As scientists continue to study animal behavior, one thing is clear: the bond between humans and animals is complex and fascinating. 8. What did the Vienna study show about dogs? A. They understand human language. B. They ignore negative human voices. C. They feel happy when hearing praise. D. They respond differently to human signals. 9. What does the underlined word “empathy” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Understanding others’ upset. B. Ignoring others’ disappointment. C. Showing respect to dolphin mothers. D. Giving response to visible signs. 10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. Cats aren’t popular with humans. B. Cats have high emotional quality. C. Cats are less intelligent than dogs. D. Cats show no interest in human emotions. 11. According to the passage, which statement would researchers most likely agree with? A. Animals’ responses are natural, not learned. B. Animals can copy human emotions perfectly. C. Animals probably have no human-like emotions. D. Animal-human relationship is easy to cuderstand. D After Horizon: An American Saga was screened recently during the Cannes Film Festival, the audience clapped for seven minutes. And that’s not even the longest clapping in the festival’s history. That prize goes to Pan’s Labyrinth’s 22-minute clapping in 2006. Humans probably started clapping early in our history, writes psychologist Alan Crawley in a 2023 review of research on the topic. Our ancestors may not have screened movies, but in the absence of spoken language, they may have realized they could use clapping to signal danger, or frighten enemies. Clapping’s simplicity and effectiveness make it a universal practice. While babies rarely clap before their first birthday, children master it quickly, gaining its global popularity. Unlike complex gestures (e. g., finger-clicking) , clapping produces loud, effortless noise — Crawley calls it the “non-vocal signal with the highest sound volume.” Socially, it balances politeness and enthusiasm, avoiding the rudeness of screaming, which allows clapping to adapt to contexts ranging from polite theater audiences to lively sports crowds. It also can be an act that strengthens social ties. During some hard times, the practice of organized clapping was, on the surface, about showing appreciation for key workers. Clapping often spreads like a “social disease,” as observed in studies by Richard Mann in 2013. In academic settings, clapping typically begins with a few individuals, resulting in a chain reaction. Anyone in a crowd will know that a mere handful of clappers can sometimes cause a room of people to follow their behavior. But what about super-long clapping? Why not just leave it at a minute or two? Back in 2013, Mann told BBC News that the length of clapping did not connect with the quality of the performance. “You have this social pressure to start clapping, but once you’ve started there’s an equally strong social pressure not to stop, until someone starts that stopping.” Then the conclusion would be this: no one in the room wants to be seen — or in the social media age, filmed — as the first one to stop. 12. What does Alan Crawley suggest about the origin of human clapping? A. It was adopted to replace spoken language. B. It developed from ancestors’ survival strategies. C. It appeared as a form of entertainment during festivals. D. It was first used to signal appreciation for performances. 13. Why is clapping a popular gesture across cultures compared to finger-clicking? A. Clapping is louder and simpler to do. B. Clapping is taught to babies earlier in life. C. Clapping is more polite and more socially accepted. D. Clapping is used to show appreciation especially in hard times. 14. What did Richard Mann’s 2013 study find about clapping? A. People clap louder when they are in large audience. B. Clapping spreads like a chain reaction in a group setting. C. Clapping seems to have no connection with social pressure. D. The quality of performances determines the length of clapping. 15. Where does the passage likely come from? A. A film review magazine. B. An entertainment news website. C. A scientific journal on human behaviour. D. A history textbook on human development. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项；选项中有两项为多余选项。 Loving Who You Are Loving who you are is a journey of self-discovery and acceptance. It involves recognizing your strengths, embracing your shortcomings, and finding joy in everyday life, By understanding what makes you unique and wonderful, you can build confidence and live a happier life. Know Your Uniqueness Start by making a list of all the things you love about yourself, whether it’s your free spirit, or even your shiny hair. Think about your talents, and characteristics. Perhaps you speak multiple languages, can walk on your hands, or have a special ability to make new friends. ____16____ Practice Gratitude Actively giving thanks helps you recognize the wonderful people, things, and opportunities in your life. Make a daily habit of giving thanks to those you love.____17____ Add one thing to this journal every day. If you’re feeling upset or down, try reading through the journal to cheer you up. ____18____ No matter how boring your life may seem at a given moment, never forget to take a break to laugh. You’ll feel better in both the short-term and the long-term. Be just plain silly. Tell a corny joke, make a bad pun, or just dance around like a fool. Why not? Laughter is contagious (传染的), so be around people who love to laugh. Accept Your Shortcomings. ____19____ Instead of over-focusing on your shortcomings, embrace them. If you want, ask yourself what you can do to improve yourself in this regard. Make a list of things you want to work on and set manageable goals to improve. ____20____ Let’s face it: we’ve all done something we’re less than proud of. Whatever you did, recognize that it was wrong and understand why you did it, but after that, it’s time to let it go. By doing so, you can build a stronger sense of self and live a more fulfilling life. A. Fill your life with laughter. B. Blame yourself for your mistakes. C. Forgiving yourself is also important. D. Not everyone can do that, but you can. E. Confidence is the key to happiness, but everyone has weaknesses. F. For example, you can redirect negative thoughts into positive ones. G. You can also keep a gratitude journal and write down everything you’re thankful for. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Stuffy Pete sat down on a seat in a New York City park. Every Thanksgiving for nine years he had sat down there in the afternoon. He went there to wait for the Old Gentleman, who would ____21____ Stuffy to a restaurant and treat him to a big dinner. That was a thing that the Old Gentleman was trying to make into a tradition, for it was a chance to____22____ the poor man’s suffering from hunger. On those other Thanksgiving Days he had been ____23____. But today Stuffy had enough. He had come from a dinner so big that he had almost no ____24____ to move. He was short of breath. His body had ____25____ become too big for his clothes. The big dinner had not been ____26____. On his way he passed a large house, whose owners also had a ____27____: they invited the first hungry person who walked by into their home and offered him a very big dinner. Stuffy ____28____ to be that person. It’s hard to ____29____ such great hospitality (好客) . Finally, the Old Gentleman was coming across Fourth Avenue toward Stuffy’s _____30_____. Always before, this had been a _____31_____ moment. But now he looked up at the Old Gentleman’s face with tears of suffering in his eyes. _____32_____ with the cold, the Old Gentleman turned away, with his back to the wind. Stuffy was pretty full, but he understood that he was part of a tradition. The Old Gentleman led Stuffy to the restaurant and to the same table where they had always eaten. The waiters brought food, and more food. Stuffy began to eat with _____33_____. In an hour the _____34_____ was finished. The Old Gentleman carefully _____35_____ $1.30, and left fifteen cents more for the waiter. Then they said goodbye, as they did each year, at the door. The Old Gentleman went south with his stomach empty, while Stuffy went north with his stuffed. 21. A. force B. stop C. lead D. remind 22. A. ease B. remove C. worsen D. cause 23. A. curious B. hungry C. thirsty D. energetic 24. A. confidence B. desire C. courage D. strength 25. A. suddenly B. frequently C. hardly D. occasionally 26. A. included B. prepared C. expected D. required 27. A. belief B. chance C. habit D. tradition 28. A. happened B. wanted C. pretended D. refused 29. A. keep up B. turn down C. stick to D. take in 30. A. home B. restaurant C. birthplace D. seat 31. A. sweet B. quiet C. boring D. confusing 32. A. Smiling B. Crying C. Jumping D. Shaking 33. A. shame B. difficulty C. delight D. satisfaction 34. A. story B. event C. project D. battle 35. A. donated B. charged C. counted out D. gave away 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The world’s first humanoid robot half-marathon is set to begin in Beijing on Saturday. About 20 teams will compete, ____36____ (test) both technology and endurance. The race, ____37____ includes humans and robots, will take place in Beijing E-Town. Liang Liang, ____38____ committee official, said it’s the first open-field long-distance challenge for robots. ____39____ (design) to push the limits of robotic mobility in real-world conditions, the competition will adopt a timed race format. Teams will be allowed to replace batteries (with a penalty) or use relays. Although participating robots ____40____ (take) multiple tests until now, organizers said the real course still presents significant real-world ____41____ (uncertainty) such as rough ground and mechanical stress. They described the race ____42____ an “extreme test” that will expose technical imperfection and offer a foundation for future improvement. The participating robots reflect a ____43____ (vary) of design concepts and technological breakthroughs. The importance of this event is to allow the public to ____44____ (clear) experience the progress of robotics. Outstanding participants include the 1.8-meter “Tiangong” robot, and Noetix Robotics’ endurance-focused model. Guo Yijie, Tiangong’ s technical lead, said the 21-km race will showcase robotic progress and change people’s views on robots. Noetix Robotics aims _____45_____ (complete) the race without battery replacement. “Even just finishing is a success,” said its founder Jiang Zheyuan. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom对刚刚过去的中国传统节日——端午节所举行的各种庆祝活动非常感兴趣。请你就此写一封电子邮件。内容包括： 1节日介绍； 2.节日活动； 3.你的感想。 注意：1.词数80左右。2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, I’m glad to hear that you’re interested in Chinese Dragon Boat Festival. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Your Name in Gold Anne sat at the breakfast table, eating her cornflakes (玉米片). Anne’s older sister, Mary, sat across from her, reading the cornflakes box. “Hey, Anne,” she said, “look at this awesome prize — your name in gold.” As Mary read on, Anne’s interest in the prize grew. “Just send in one dollar with proof-of-purchase seal from this box and spell out your first name on the information blank. We will send you a special pin (胸针) with your name spelled in gold. (Only one per family, please.)” Anne grabbed the box, her eyes brightening with excitement. “That’s a neat idea,” she said. “A pin with my very own name spelled out in gold. I’m going to send in for it.” “Sorry, Anne, I saw it first,” said Mary. Besides, “you don’t have a dollar to send in, and I do.” “But I want a pin like that so badly,” said Anne. “Please let me have it!” “Nope,” said her sister. “You always get your way — just because you’re older than me,” said Anne, her lower lip trembling and her eyes filled with tears. She threw down her spoon and rushed out of the kitchen. Several weeks passed. One day the mailman brought a small package addressed to Mary. Anne was dying to see the pin, but she wouldn’t let Mary know how eager she was. Mary took the package to her room. Anne casually followed her in and sat on the bed. “Well, I guess they sent you your pin. I surely hope you like it,” Anne said in a mean voice. Mary slowly took the paper off the package. She opened a little white box and said, “Oh, it’s beautiful! Just like the cornflakes box said, your name in gold. Four beautiful letters. Would you like to see it, Anne?” “No, I don’t care about your stupid pin.” Mary put the white box on the dresser (梳妆台) and went downstairs 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Anne was alone in the bedroom. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A wave of shame washed over Anne. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 黄冈市2025年春季高一年级期末质量监测 英语 本试卷共10页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4.考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the weather like now? A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Windy. 2. What does the woman usually wear? A. Jeans. B. Dresses. C. Suits. 3. What happened to Rohit? A. He lost his football. B. He fell over. C. He got injured. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the car. B. At the airport. C. In the office. 5. What is the topic of the conversation? A. A piece of art. B. The woman’s friend. C. A style of decoration. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man intend to do? A. Open a new account. B. Cash an open cheque. C. Write a cheque. 7. What does the woman tell the man to do in the end? A. Show his ID card. B. Pay the handling fee. C. Open a new account. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the woman call the man? A. To put off their plan. B. To ask for help. C. To cancel an appointment. 9. What was the man supposed to do this afternoon? A Visit his cousin. B. Enjoy a play. C. Buy tickets. 10. What does the man offer to do for the woman? A. Treat her to dinner. B. Pick her up. C. Help her move house. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is Alisa Hayes? A. A fitness coach. B. A college student. C. A model. 12. What extreme method did Alisa Hayes try? A. Having only one meal a day. B. Taking weight-loss pills. C. Going rock climbing. 13. How does Alisa Hayes feel about her figure now? A. Terribly disappointed. B. A bit dissatisfied. C. Greatly proud. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What did the man do yesterday? A. He observed lions in a zoo. B. He went fishing by the river. C. He went to Tian’anmen Square. 15. What is the man’s opinion on the saying about the Lugou Bridge? A. He agrees to it. B. He doesn’t believe it. C. He can’t understand it. 16. When did a bridge similar to the Zhaozhou Bridge first appear in Europe? A. In the 7th century. B. In the 14th century. C. In the 17th century. 17. What will the man do next? A. Talk about the history of the Sui dynasty. B. Share his travel plans for Sydney. C. Introduce a bridge in Australia. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is Peter Handke’s nationality? A. French. B. Austrian. C. German. 19. What did Peter Handke study at college? A. Literature. B. Law. C. Film Production. 20. How old was Peter Handke when he won the Nobel Prize in Literature? A. 61. B. 65. C. 77. 第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Join Boston’s Green New Deal Mission Our Goal Mayor Michelle Wu plans to make Boston a Green New Deal City. The Office of Environment, Energy, and Open Space leads this work. We aim to protect air, water, and land while fighting climate change. Our goals include becoming carbon neutral and preparing for extreme weather. Job Opportunities We’re hiring forroles in various fields. Current opportunities include: ·Energy Transformation Director ·Climate Solution Analyst ·Renewable Energy Manager ·Environment Communications Manager Check boston. gov/jobs for openings in public works, transportation, and other departments. Why Work with Us? 1. Meaningful Impact Be part of leading environmental policies in the U. S. Your work will directly shape Boston’s sustainable future. 2. Diverse & Open to All Teams We welcome non-traditional applicants. Whether you’re from science, policy, or community work, your ideas are valued. 3. Benefits We have competitive benefits, including health insurance and retirement plans. We focus on passion and potential instead of related experience. And even some positions offer union membership. Additionally, salary details and union information will be listed with each job posting. . Requirements ·Residency rule: All employees must live in the City of Boston when starting the job. ·Six-month probation(试用期)：A standard probationary period is in place to ensure a good fit for both the employee and the city. 1. What is the main purpose of Boston’s Green New Deal? A. To provide job opportunities. B. To stress employee benefits. C. To explain energy transformation. D. To practice environmental protection. 2. How can applicants find jobs? A. By contacting the office directly. B. By checking the city’s job website. C. By looking through union networks. D. By attending public works interviews. 3. What requirements are needed for new employees? A Boston residency & probation period. B. Union membership & probation pass. C. Competitive salary & science degree. D. Climate experience & listed salaries. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文是波士顿“绿色新政”计划的招聘宣传，主要从目标、岗位、优势及要求等方面展开，旨在吸引人才加入环保工作。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Our Goal部分中的“We aim to protect air, water, and land while fighting climate change. Our goals include becoming carbon - neutral and preparing for extreme weather.( 我们的目标是在应对气候变化的同时保护空气、水和土地。我们的目标包括实现碳中和和为极端天气做好准备。)”可知，波士顿绿色新政的主要目的是保护环境，对抗气候变化等。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Job Opportunities部分中的“Check boston.gov/jobs for openings in public works, transportation, and other departments.( 查看boston.gov/jobs，了解公共工程、交通和其他部门的职位空缺。)”，这表明申请人可以通过查看该市的工作网站（boston.gov/jobs ）来寻找工作机会。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Why Work with Us? 部分中的“Residency rule: All employees must live in the City of Boston when starting the job.( 居住规则：所有员工在开始工作时必须住在波士顿市。)”以及“Six - month probation（期）：A standard probationary period is in place to ensure a good fit for both the employee and the city.( 六个月试用期：标准的试用期是为了确保员工和城市都能很好地适应。)”可知，新员工需要满足居住在波士顿以及有六个月试用期的要求。故选A项。 B German sinologist (汉学家) Martin Woesler recently made his first visit to the ancient Silk Road center of Dunhuang in northwest China’s Gansu Province, where he was amazed by the city’s unique cultural charm. Starting from Hunan Normal University, where he currently teaches, Woesler traveled to attend the fourth Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilizations, an international conference held in Dunhuang from May 29 to 31. During his brief stay in Gansu, he joined scholars from all around the world in sharing ideas about cross-cultural dialogue. When standing in front of the Mogao Grottoes for the first time, he was deeply impressed by an unexpected sense of cultural connection-one that bridged both time and geography. In Cave 285, the wall paintings feature an amazing mix of figures — Apollo and Diana from Greek mythology, Fuxi and Nuwa from Chinese legends, flying apsaras (飞天) from Indian Buddhism and feathered immortals (神) from Daoism. It is these mixed civilizations that form the cultural wonder showed in Dunhuang, noted Woesler. Woesler’s connection with China began 38 years ago when he was attracted by a Chinese poem at a poetry reading in Germany. Having lived, worked, and studied in China for 30 years, he had already known Dunhuang as an oasis (绿洲) city surrounded by desert, a treasure house of art and heritage, and a cultural crossroads shaped by centuries of Silk Road exchanges. For decades, Woesler has worked to bridge the gap between cultures. His career has frequently taken him between Germany and China, and he remains committed to helping the world better understand Chinese literature and culture. He believes that even today, people from different countries can still draw wisdom and strength from it. His journey to Dunhuang has now brought new reflections on cultural dialogue in the digital age. 4. Why did Woesler visit Dunhuang? A. To study ancient wall paintings. B. To attend an international conference. C. To explore the Silk Road history. D. To teach at a Chinese university. 5. What deeply impressed Woesler about the Mogao Grottoes? A. The influence of Indian Buddhism. B. The combination of different cultures. C. The well-protected paintings on the wall. D. The attractive oasis city surrounded by desert. 6. What does Woesler believe about cultural exchange? A. It succeeds on digital platforms. B. It is limited to historical contexts. C. It plays a key role in modern society. D. It should attach importance to traditions. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The History of Silk Road: From Ancient Trade to Modern Dialogue. B. The Magic of Mogao Grottoes: A Treasure House of Art and Heritage. C. A Challenge in Digital Age: Bridging the Gap between Different Cultures. D. A Sinologist’s Journey: Rediscovering Dunhuang’s Cultural Combination. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是德国汉学家Martin Woesler首次探访中国敦煌的经历，以及他对敦煌多元文化融合的深刻感悟，进而延伸至对跨文化交流的长期思考与实践。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Starting from Hunan Normal University, where he currently teaches, Woesler traveled to attend the fourth Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilizations, an international conference held in Dunhuang from May 29 to 31.(从他目前任教的湖南师范大学出发，Woesler前往敦煌参加5月29日至31日在敦煌举行的第四届文明交流互鉴对话国际会议。)”可知，Woesler访问敦煌是为了去参加国际会议，故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In Cave 285, the wall paintings feature an amazing mix of figures—Apollo and Diana from Greek mythology, Fuxi and Nuwa from Chinese legends, flying apsaras (飞天) from Indian Buddhism and feathered immortals (神) from Daoism. It is these mixed civilizations that form the cultural wonder showed in Dunhuang, noted Woesler.(在第285窟的壁画中，希腊神话中的阿波罗与狄安娜、中国传说中的伏羲与女娲、印度佛教的飞天神女，以及道教的神仙形象奇妙地交融共存。Woesler指出，正是这种多元文明的碰撞，铸就了敦煌独一无二的文化奇观。)”可知，莫高窟给Woesler留下深刻印象的是不同文化的结合。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“He believes that even today, people from different countries can still draw wisdom and strength from it.(他认为，即使在今天，各国人民仍然可以从中汲取智慧和力量。)”可知，Woesler认为文化交流在现代社会中起着关键作用。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“German sinologist (汉学家) Martin Woesler recently made his first visit to the ancient Silk Road center of Dunhuang in northwest China’s Gansu Province, where he was amazed by the city’s unique cultural charm.(德国汉学家Martin Woesler最近首次访问了中国西北部甘肃省的古丝绸之路中心敦煌，在那里他被这座城市独特的文化魅力所震撼。)”可知，本文主要讲的是德国汉学家Martin Woesler首次探访中国敦煌的经历，以及他对敦煌多元文化融合的深刻感悟，进而延伸至对跨文化交流的长期思考与实践，因此最好的标题是D选项“A Sinologist’s Journey: Rediscovering Dunhuang’s Cultural Combination(一位汉学家的旅程：重新发现敦煌的文化结合)”。故选D。 C Many pet owners believe their animals can sense their feelings, but what does science say? Researchers have found evidence that some animals do respond to human emotions, though the reasons may be more practical than emotional. Dogs are particularly good at reading human signals. A study from the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna used brain scans to show that dogs react differently to happy and angry human voices. Their brains light up in reward centers when hearing praise, suggesting they associate positive tones with good outcomes. However, this doesn’t necessarily mean dogs “feel” for us—it may just be smart learning from years of living with humans. Dolphins show even more surprising behaviors. Scientists observed that when trainers seemed upset, dolphins would often swim over to comfort them, using special sounds normally heard between dolphin mothers and babies. While this looks like empathy, some experts think dolphins might just be responding to visible signs of discomfort. Cats on the other hand, remain a mystery. Despite having similar brain structures to dogs, most cats seem indifferent to human emotions. Studies show they recognize their owner’s voice but usually choose not to respond-a fact many cat owners know too well! So do animals truly understand us? Current research suggests they’ re probably responding to signals they’ve learned to associate with rewards or safety, rather than experiencing human-like emotions. As scientists continue to study animal behavior, one thing is clear: the bond between humans and animals is complex and fascinating. 8. What did the Vienna study show about dogs? A. They understand human language. B. They ignore negative human voices. C. They feel happy when hearing praise. D. They respond differently to human signals. 9. What does the underlined word “empathy” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Understanding others’ upset. B. Ignoring others’ disappointment. C. Showing respect to dolphin mothers. D. Giving response to visible signs. 10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. Cats aren’t popular with humans. B. Cats have high emotional quality. C. Cats are less intelligent than dogs. D. Cats show no interest in human emotions. 11. According to the passage, which statement would researchers most likely agree with? A. Animals’ responses are natural, not learned. B. Animals can copy human emotions perfectly. C. Animals probably have no human-like emotions. D. Animal-human relationship is easy to cuderstand. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文围绕“动物是否能感知人类情感”这一问题展开科学探讨，结合不同动物的研究案例，揭示了动物行为背后的复杂逻辑。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“A study from the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna used brain scans to show that dogs react differently to happy and angry human voices.( 维也纳兽医大学的一项研究通过脑部扫描显示，狗对人类快乐和愤怒的声音的反应不同。)”可知，维也纳大学的研究表明狗对人类不同的声音信号（开心和生气的声音）有不同的反应。故选D项。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Scientists observed that when trainers seemed upset, dolphins would often swim over to comfort them(科学家们观察到，当驯兽师看起来心烦意乱时，海豚经常会游过去安慰他们)”可知，当训练员看起来沮丧时，海豚会游过去安慰他们，这种行为看起来像是理解他人的沮丧，也就是“empathy(共情)”的意思，和A选项Understanding others’ upset“理解别人的烦恼”意思相近。故选A项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Cats, on the other hand, remain a mystery. Despite having similar brain structures to dogs, most cats seem indifferent to human emotions. Studies show they recognize their owner’s voice but usually choose not to respond-a fact many cat owners know too well!( 另一方面，猫仍然是一个谜。尽管猫的大脑结构与狗相似，但大多数猫似乎对人类的情绪漠不关心。研究表明，它们能认出主人的声音，但通常选择不回应——这一点很多猫主人都很清楚！)”可知，第四段主要讲的是猫对人类情感似乎漠不关心。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Current research suggests they’ re probably responding to signals they’ve learned to associate with rewards or safety, rather than experiencing human-like emotions.( 目前的研究表明，它们可能会对与奖励或安全有关的信号做出反应，而不是经历类似人类的情绪。)”可知，当前研究表明动物可能只是对它们学会与奖励或安全联系起来的信号做出反应，而不是体验像人类一样的情感。故选C项。 D After Horizon: An American Saga was screened recently during the Cannes Film Festival, the audience clapped for seven minutes. And that’s not even the longest clapping in the festival’s history. That prize goes to Pan’s Labyrinth’s 22-minute clapping in 2006. Humans probably started clapping early in our history, writes psychologist Alan Crawley in a 2023 review of research on the topic. Our ancestors may not have screened movies, but in the absence of spoken language, they may have realized they could use clapping to signal danger, or frighten enemies. Clapping’s simplicity and effectiveness make it a universal practice. While babies rarely clap before their first birthday, children master it quickly, gaining its global popularity. Unlike complex gestures (e. g., finger-clicking) , clapping produces loud, effortless noise — Crawley calls it the “non-vocal signal with the highest sound volume.” Socially, it balances politeness and enthusiasm, avoiding the rudeness of screaming, which allows clapping to adapt to contexts ranging from polite theater audiences to lively sports crowds. It also can be an act that strengthens social ties. During some hard times, the practice of organized clapping was, on the surface, about showing appreciation for key workers. Clapping often spreads like a “social disease,” as observed in studies by Richard Mann in 2013. In academic settings, clapping typically begins with a few individuals, resulting in a chain reaction. Anyone in a crowd will know that a mere handful of clappers can sometimes cause a room of people to follow their behavior. But what about super-long clapping? Why not just leave it at a minute or two? Back in 2013, Mann told BBC News that the length of clapping did not connect with the quality of the performance. “You have this social pressure to start clapping, but once you’ve started there’s an equally strong social pressure not to stop, until someone starts that stopping.” Then the conclusion would be this: no one in the room wants to be seen — or in the social media age, filmed — as the first one to stop. 12. What does Alan Crawley suggest about the origin of human clapping? A. It was adopted to replace spoken language. B. It developed from ancestors’ survival strategies. C. It appeared as a form of entertainment during festivals. D. It was first used to signal appreciation for performances. 13. Why is clapping a popular gesture across cultures compared to finger-clicking? A. Clapping is louder and simpler to do. B. Clapping is taught to babies earlier in life. C. Clapping is more polite and more socially accepted. D. Clapping is used to show appreciation especially in hard times. 14. What did Richard Mann’s 2013 study find about clapping? A. People clap louder when they are in large audience. B. Clapping spreads like a chain reaction in a group setting. C. Clapping seems to have no connection with social pressure. D. The quality of performances determines the length of clapping. 15. Where does the passage likely come from? A. A film review magazine. B. An entertainment news website. C. A scientific journal on human behaviour. D. A history textbook on human development. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文围绕人类鼓掌行为展开科学探讨，结合心理学研究与社会现象，揭示其起源、特点及背后的社交逻辑。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Our ancestors may not have screened movies, but in the absence of spoken language, they may have realized they could use clapping to signal danger, or frighten enemies. (我们的祖先可能没有看过电影，但在没有语言的情况下，他们可能已经意识到他们可以用鼓掌来发出危险的信号，或者吓唬敌人。)”可知，我们的祖先可能用鼓掌来发出危险信号或吓唬敌人，这表明鼓掌是从祖先的生存策略发展而来的。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Unlike complex gestures (e. g., finger-clicking) , clapping produces loud, effortless noise — Crawley calls it the “non-vocal signal with the highest sound volume.” (不像复杂的手势(如：（例如，手指敲击），鼓掌产生响亮的，毫不费力的噪音-克劳利称之为“最高音量的非声音信号”。)”可知，与复杂手势（如打响指）相比，鼓掌能产生响亮且不费力的噪音。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In academic settings, clapping typically begins with a few individuals, resulting in a chain reaction. (学术场合，鼓掌通常从少数人开始，导致连锁反应。)”可知，在集体环境中，鼓掌通常由几个人开始，然后引发连锁反应。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了人类鼓掌这一行为的起源、特点以及在社会中的表现等，是关于人类行为的科学探讨。由此可知，文章更可能来自关于人类行为的科学期刊。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项；选项中有两项为多余选项。 Loving Who You Are Loving who you are is a journey of self-discovery and acceptance. It involves recognizing your strengths, embracing your shortcomings, and finding joy in everyday life, By understanding what makes you unique and wonderful, you can build confidence and live a happier life. Know Your Uniqueness Start by making a list of all the things you love about yourself, whether it’s your free spirit, or even your shiny hair. Think about your talents, and characteristics. Perhaps you speak multiple languages, can walk on your hands, or have a special ability to make new friends. ____16____ Practice Gratitude Actively giving thanks helps you recognize the wonderful people, things, and opportunities in your life. Make a daily habit of giving thanks to those you love.____17____ Add one thing to this journal every day. If you’re feeling upset or down, try reading through the journal to cheer you up. ____18____ No matter how boring your life may seem at a given moment, never forget to take a break to laugh. You’ll feel better in both the short-term and the long-term. Be just plain silly. Tell a corny joke, make a bad pun, or just dance around like a fool. Why not? Laughter is contagious (传染的), so be around people who love to laugh. Accept Your Shortcomings. ____19____ Instead of over-focusing on your shortcomings, embrace them. If you want, ask yourself what you can do to improve yourself in this regard. Make a list of things you want to work on and set manageable goals to improve. ____20____ Let’s face it: we’ve all done something we’re less than proud of. Whatever you did, recognize that it was wrong and understand why you did it, but after that, it’s time to let it go. By doing so, you can build a stronger sense of self and live a more fulfilling life. A. Fill your life with laughter. B. Blame yourself for your mistakes. C. Forgiving yourself is also important. D. Not everyone can do that, but you can. E. Confidence is the key to happiness, but everyone has weaknesses. F. For example, you can redirect negative thoughts into positive ones. G. You can also keep a gratitude journal and write down everything you’re thankful for. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. A 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是要如何爱自己。 【16题详解】 空前“Perhaps you speak multiple languages, can walk on your hands, or have a special ability to make new friends.(也许你会说多种语言，可以用手走路，或者有结交新朋友的特殊能力。)”说明了你可能会做的一些事情，本段小标题是“Know Your Uniqueness(了解你的独特性)”，说明空前所说的事情是只有你能做到的，D选项“Not everyone can do that, but you can.(不是每个人都能做到，但你可以。)”说明只有你能做到空前所说的事情，突出独一无二的性质，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 本段小标题是“Practice Gratitude(练习感恩)”以及下文“Add one thing to this journal every day. If you’re feeling upset or down, try reading through the journal to cheer you up.(每天在日记里写一件事。如果你感到沮丧或沮丧，试着通读日记让自己振作起来。)”可知，空格处应该和写感恩日记有关，G选项“You can also keep a gratitude journal and write down everything you’re thankful for.(你也可以写感恩日记，写下你要感谢的每件事。)”说的是和感恩有关的内容，符合本段语境，故选G。 【18题详解】 空格处是本段小标题，由空后“No matter how boring your life may seem at a given moment, never forget to take a break to laugh.(无论你的生活在某个特定的时刻看起来多么无聊，永远不要忘记休息一下笑一笑。)”可知，本段主要讲的是不要忘了笑一下，A选项“Fill your life with laughter.(让你的生活充满欢笑。)”符合本段主旨，能够概括本段主要内容，可作为小标题，故选A。 【19题详解】 本段小标题是“Accept Your Shortcomings.(接受你的缺点。)”，空后“Instead of over-focusing on your shortcomings, embrace them.(与其过度关注你的缺点，不如拥抱它们。)”说明要接受自己的缺点，空格处应该是和缺点有关的内容，E选项“Confidence is the key to happiness, but everyone has weaknesses.(自信是快乐的关键，但每个人都有缺点。)”说明了每个人都有缺点，引出后文要拥抱自己的缺点，符合语境，故选E。 【20题详解】 空后“Let’s face it: we’ve all done something we’re less than proud of. Whatever you did, recognize that it was wrong and understand why you did it, but after that, it’s time to let it go.(让我们面对现实吧：我们都做过一些不值得骄傲的事情。无论你做了什么，都要认识到那是错的，并理解你为什么这样做，但之后，是时候放手了。)”说明我们做错事情以后要学着放手，也就是原谅自己，C选项“Forgiving yourself is also important.(原谅自己也很重要。)”说明了要原谅自己，引起下文，符合语境，故选C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Stuffy Pete sat down on a seat in a New York City park. Every Thanksgiving for nine years he had sat down there in the afternoon. He went there to wait for the Old Gentleman, who would ____21____ Stuffy to a restaurant and treat him to a big dinner. That was a thing that the Old Gentleman was trying to make into a tradition, for it was a chance to____22____ the poor man’s suffering from hunger. On those other Thanksgiving Days he had been ____23____. But today Stuffy had enough. He had come from a dinner so big that he had almost no ____24____ to move. He was short of breath. His body had ____25____ become too big for his clothes. The big dinner had not been ____26____. On his way he passed a large house, whose owners also had a ____27____: they invited the first hungry person who walked by into their home and offered him a very big dinner. Stuffy ____28____ to be that person. It’s hard to ____29____ such great hospitality (好客) . Finally, the Old Gentleman was coming across Fourth Avenue toward Stuffy’s _____30_____. Always before, this had been a _____31_____ moment. But now he looked up at the Old Gentleman’s face with tears of suffering in his eyes. _____32_____ with the cold, the Old Gentleman turned away, with his back to the wind. Stuffy was pretty full, but he understood that he was part of a tradition. The Old Gentleman led Stuffy to the restaurant and to the same table where they had always eaten. The waiters brought food, and more food. Stuffy began to eat with _____33_____. In an hour the _____34_____ was finished. The Old Gentleman carefully _____35_____ $1.30, and left fifteen cents more for the waiter. Then they said goodbye, as they did each year, at the door. The Old Gentleman went south with his stomach empty, while Stuffy went north with his stuffed. 21. A. force B. stop C. lead D. remind 22. A. ease B. remove C. worsen D. cause 23. A. curious B. hungry C. thirsty D. energetic 24. A. confidence B. desire C. courage D. strength 25. A. suddenly B. frequently C. hardly D. occasionally 26. A. included B. prepared C. expected D. required 27. A. belief B. chance C. habit D. tradition 28. A. happened B. wanted C. pretended D. refused 29. A. keep up B. turn down C. stick to D. take in 30. A. home B. restaurant C. birthplace D. seat 31. A. sweet B. quiet C. boring D. confusing 32. A. Smiling B. Crying C. Jumping D. Shaking 33. A. shame B. difficulty C. delight D. satisfaction 34. A. story B. event C. project D. battle 35. A. donated B. charged C. counted out D. gave away 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了纽约穷人Stuffy Pete的感恩节传统：九年来，一位老绅士每年都会带他去餐馆享用大餐，以缓解其饥饿。然而今年，Stuffy在赴约前偶然被一户人家邀请，提前吃了一顿撑到无法动弹的大餐。但为了维持传统，他仍跟随老绅士到餐馆，艰难地吃下更多食物。老绅士始终饿着肚子践行善举，而Stuffy则带着饱腹之躯离开，展现了传统与善意背后的意外冲突与温情。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他去那里等老绅士，老绅士会把Stuffy带到一家餐馆，请他吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。A. force迫使；B. stop停止；C. lead带领；D. remind提醒。根据上文“He went there to wait for the Old Gentleman”以及下文“and treat him to a big dinner”可知，老绅士会把Stuffy带到一家餐馆，请他吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：老绅士正试图把这变成一种传统，因为这是一个减轻这个穷人饥饿痛苦的机会。A. ease减轻；B. remove移除；C. worsen使恶化；D. cause引起。根据下文“the poor man’s suffering from hunger”可知，老绅士这样做是为了“减轻 穷人的饥饿之苦。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在过去的感恩节里，他一直很饿。A. curious好奇的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. thirsty口渴的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据下文“But today Stuffy had enough.”可知，他在等老绅士请他吃饭，所以之前是饥饿的状态。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他刚吃完一顿丰盛的晚餐，几乎没有力气动弹。A. confidence自信；B. desire渴望；C. courage勇气；D. strength力气。根据下文“He was short of breath. His body had ____5____ become too big for his clothes.”可知，他刚从一顿大餐中出来，几乎没有“力气”移动。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的身体突然变得大得穿不下衣服了。A. suddenly突然；B. frequently频繁地；C. hardly几乎不；D. occasionally偶尔。根据语境以及下文“become too big for his clothes”可知，他的身体“突然”变得太大，衣服都穿不下了。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没料到会有这么丰盛的晚餐。A. included包含；B. prepared准备；C. expected期望；D. required要求。根据下文“they invited the first hungry person who walked by into their home and offered him a very big dinner.”可知，没料到会有这么丰盛的晚餐。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在路上，他经过一所大房子，房子主人也有一个传统：他们邀请第一个路过的饥饿的人到他们家里，并请他吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。A. belief信仰；B. chance机会；C. habit习惯；D. tradition传统。根据下文“they invited the first hungry person who walked by into their home and offered him a very big dinner.”可知，在他路过的大房子里，主人也有一个“传统”：邀请第一个路过的饥饿的人进家吃大餐。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Stuffy碰巧就是那个人。A. happened碰巧；B. wanted想要；C. pretended假装；D. refused拒绝。根据语境以及上文“they invited the first hungry person who walked by into their home and offered him a very big dinner”可知，Stuffy“碰巧”是那个人。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如此热情的招待实在难以拒绝。A. keep up保持；B. turn down拒绝；C. stick to坚持；D. take in吸收，理解。根据句意以及下文“such great hospitality”可知，很难“拒绝”如此盛情的款待。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，老绅士穿过第四大道，朝Stuffy的座位走去。A. home家；B. restaurant餐馆；C. birthplace出生地；D. seat座位。根据下文“But now he looked up at the Old Gentleman’s face with tears of suffering in his eyes.”可知，老绅士穿过第四大道朝 Stuffy 坐的“座位”走来。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：以前，这总是一个甜蜜的时刻。A. sweet甜蜜的；B. quiet安静的；C. boring令人无聊的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据下文“But now he looked up at the Old Gentleman’s face with tears of suffering in his eyes.”提到眼里含着痛苦的泪水。由此可知，以前，这一直是一个“甜蜜的”时刻。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：老绅士冻得浑身发抖，背对着风转过身去。A. Smiling微笑；B. Crying哭泣；C. Jumping跳跃；D. Shaking发抖。根据下文“with the cold, the Old Gentleman turned away, with his back to the wind”可知，因为寒冷而“颤抖”，老绅士转过身去，背对着风。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Stuffy开始艰难地吃东西。A. shame羞愧；B. difficulty困难；C. delight高兴；D. satisfaction满意。根据上文“The waiters brought food, and more food.”可知，Stuffy很饱了，但是他开始“艰难地”吃起来。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个小时后，战斗结束了。A. story故事；B. event事件；C. project项目；D. battle战斗。根据上文提到Stuffy开始艰难地吃东西，由此可知，一个小时后，这场“战斗”结束了。这里把吃饭描述成一场战斗，因为 Stuffy 已经很饱了还在吃。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词与短语辨析。句意：老绅士仔细地数出了1.3美元，又给侍者多留了15美分。A. donated捐赠；B. charged收费，充电；C. counted out数出；D. gave away赠送。根据句意以及下文“and left fifteen cents more for the waiter”可知，老绅士仔细地“数出”1.30 美元，又留了 15 美分给服务员。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The world’s first humanoid robot half-marathon is set to begin in Beijing on Saturday. About 20 teams will compete, ____36____ (test) both technology and endurance. The race, ____37____ includes humans and robots, will take place in Beijing E-Town. Liang Liang, ____38____ committee official, said it’s the first open-field long-distance challenge for robots. ____39____ (design) to push the limits of robotic mobility in real-world conditions, the competition will adopt a timed race format. Teams will be allowed to replace batteries (with a penalty) or use relays. Although participating robots ____40____ (take) multiple tests until now, organizers said the real course still presents significant real-world ____41____ (uncertainty) such as rough ground and mechanical stress. They described the race ____42____ an “extreme test” that will expose technical imperfection and offer a foundation for future improvement. The participating robots reflect a ____43____ (vary) of design concepts and technological breakthroughs. The importance of this event is to allow the public to ____44____ (clear) experience the progress of robotics. Outstanding participants include the 1.8-meter “Tiangong” robot, and Noetix Robotics’ endurance-focused model. Guo Yijie, Tiangong’ s technical lead, said the 21-km race will showcase robotic progress and change people’s views on robots. Noetix Robotics aims _____45_____ (complete) the race without battery replacement. “Even just finishing is a success,” said its founder Jiang Zheyuan. 【答案】36. testing 37. which 38. a 39. Designed 40. have taken 41. uncertainties 42. as 43. variety 44. clearly 45. to complete 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲的是世界首届人形机器人半程马拉松比赛将于周六在北京举行。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大约20支队伍将参加比赛，测试技术和耐力。句中谓语是will compete，空格处用非谓语动词，teams和test之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作状语。故填testing。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：比赛将在北京E-Town举行，参赛选手包括人类和机器人。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词race是比赛，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：委员会官员梁亮表示，这是机器人首次在开放场地进行长距离挑战。official是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，committee是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：旨在推动机器人在现实条件下的移动极限，比赛将采用计时比赛形式。句中谓语是will adopt，空格处用非谓语动词，the competition和design之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作状语，位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填Designed。 【40题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管到目前为止，参赛机器人已经进行了多次测试，但组织者表示，真实的赛道仍然存在很大的不确定性，比如粗糙的地面和机械应力。由until now可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语robots是复数，因此空格处是have taken。故填have taken。 【41题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：尽管到目前为止，参赛机器人已经进行了多次测试，但组织者表示，真实的赛道仍然存在很大的不确定性，比如粗糙的地面和机械应力。由such as rough ground and mechanical stress可知，空格处用复数uncertainties。故填uncertainties。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：他们将这场比赛描述为一场“极限测试”，将暴露技术上的缺陷，并为未来的改进奠定基础。describe...as...是固定短语，意为“将……描述为……”，因此空格处用介词as。故填as。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：参赛机器人反映了各种设计理念和技术突破。a variety of是固定短语，意为“各种各样的”，因此空格处用variety。故填variety。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：这个活动的重要性在于让公众清楚地体验机器人技术的进步。空格处用副词clearly修饰动词experience，clearly意为“清楚地”。故填clearly。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：Noetix机器人公司的目标是在不更换电池的情况下完成比赛。aim to do sth.是固定短语，意为“旨在做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to complete。故填to complete。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom对刚刚过去的中国传统节日——端午节所举行的各种庆祝活动非常感兴趣。请你就此写一封电子邮件。内容包括： 1.节日介绍； 2.节日活动； 3.你的感想。 注意：1.词数80左右。2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, I’m glad to hear that you’re interested in Chinese Dragon Boat Festival. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Tom, I’m glad to hear that you’re interested in Chinese Dragon Boat Festival. It’s a significant traditional festival, commemorating the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. It’s held on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. During the festival, people hold dragon boat races, which are exciting and full of energy. They also eat zongzi, a kind of rice dumpling wrapped in bamboo leaves. I feel that this festival not only shows our respect for history but also strengthens our cultural identity. I hope you can join us next time. Best wishes, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求以李华的身份向英国笔友 Tom 介绍端午节的相关情况，需包含节日介绍、庆祝活动及个人感想 【详解】1.词汇积累 重要的：significant→ important 举办，举行：hold→ host 令人激动的：exciting→ thrilling 展示：show→ demonstrate 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：They also eat zongzi, a kind of rice dumpling wrapped in bamboo leaves. 拓展句：They also eat zongzi, a kind of rice dumpling which is wrapped in bamboo leaves. 【点睛】【高分句型1】During the festival, people hold dragon boat races, which are exciting and full of energy.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I feel that this festival not only shows our respect for history but also strengthens our cultural identity.（运用了“not only…but also…”连接两个并列结构） 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Your Name in Gold Anne sat at the breakfast table, eating her cornflakes (玉米片). Anne’s older sister, Mary, sat across from her, reading the cornflakes box. “Hey, Anne,” she said, “look at this awesome prize — your name in gold.” As Mary read on, Anne’s interest in the prize grew. “Just send in one dollar with proof-of-purchase seal from this box and spell out your first name on the information blank. We will send you a special pin (胸针) with your name spelled in gold. (Only one per family, please.)” Anne grabbed the box, her eyes brightening with excitement. “That’s a neat idea,” she said. “A pin with my very own name spelled out in gold. I’m going to send in for it.” “Sorry, Anne, I saw it first,” said Mary. Besides, “you don’t have a dollar to send in, and I do.” “But I want a pin like that so badly,” said Anne. “Please let me have it!” “Nope,” said her sister. “You always get your way — just because you’re older than me,” said Anne, her lower lip trembling and her eyes filled with tears. She threw down her spoon and rushed out of the kitchen. Several weeks passed. One day the mailman brought a small package addressed to Mary. Anne was dying to see the pin, but she wouldn’t let Mary know how eager she was. Mary took the package to her room. Anne casually followed her in and sat on the bed. “Well, I guess they sent you your pin. I surely hope you like it,” Anne said in a mean voice. Mary slowly took the paper off the package. She opened a little white box and said, “Oh, it’s beautiful! Just like the cornflakes box said, your name in gold. Four beautiful letters. Would you like to see it, Anne?” “No, I don’t care about your stupid pin.” Mary put the white box on the dresser (梳妆台) and went downstairs. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Anne was alone in the bedroom. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A wave of shame washed over Anne. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Anne was alone in the bedroom. Her eyes couldn’t help but wander to the white box sitting on the dresser. Despite her earlier words, curiosity gnawed at her. She slowly approached the box, her heart pounding in her chest. With trembling fingers, she opened it and gasped. The pin was even more exquisite than she had imagined, with her name “Mary” spelled out in gleaming gold. Tears welled up in her eyes as she realized how much she had wanted it and how unfair she had been to Mary. A wave of shame washed over Anne. She thought about how she had acted so selfishly, throwing a tantrum just because she couldn’t have what she wanted. She remembered how Mary had always been kind to her, sharing her toys and comforting her when she was sad. Anne knew she had to make things right. She carefully closed the box and went downstairs to find Mary, determined to apologize and ask for her forgiveness. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Anne和姐姐Mary吃早餐时，Mary发现玉米片盒子上的一个奖品活动——寄回一美元和购买凭证可获得一枚刻有自己名字的金色胸针（每个家庭限一个）。Anne非常想要，但Mary以自己先看到且Anne没有钱为由拒绝了她。几周后，邮差送来了一个寄给Mary的小包裹，Anne虽急切想看到胸针，却故意装作不在意。Mary打开包裹，展示了一枚刻有自己名字的金色胸针，并询问Anne是否想看，但Anne赌气拒绝了。 【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“安妮一个人在卧室里。”可知，第一段可描写Anne独自在卧室时，忍不住偷偷查看Mary的金色胸针，被胸针的精美所震撼，进而意识到自己之前的行为是多么不公平，内心充满愧疚与自责。 ②由第二段首句内容“安妮感到一阵羞愧。”可知，第二段可描写Anne被强烈的羞愧感淹没后，内心展开深刻的自我反思与情感转变，最终促使她下定决心主动向姐姐道歉、寻求和解的过程。 2.续写线索：Anne好奇——Anne打开盒子——意识到自己的自私——想起Mary对自己的好——Anne决定道歉 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①走近：approach/come close to ②意识到：realize/be aware that ③回想起：remember/recall 情绪类 ①哭：tears well up in her eyes/shed tears ②伤心的：sad/grieved 【点睛】[高分句型1] She thought about how she had acted so selfishly, throwing a tantrum just because she couldn’t have what she wanted. (由how引导的宾语从句，现在分词作状语，because引导的原因状语从句和what引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2] She remembered how Mary had always been kind to her, sharing her toys and comforting her when she was sad. (由how引导的宾语从句，现在分词作状语和when引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$