第03讲 形容词（专项训练）（天津专用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

第03讲 形容词 目录 01 课标达标练 考向 单项选择形容词辨析 02 核心突破练 考向 完形填空形容词辨析 03 真题溯源练 考向 单项选择形容词辨析 1．（2025·天津·模拟预测）Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a ______ decrease. A．surrounding B．subjective C．substantial D．suspicious 2．（2025·天津·二模）After-school activities serve as an ________ platform for high school students to cultivate comprehensive abilities. A．odd B．essential C．illegal D．absent 3．（2025·天津武清·模拟预测）“Rare earths” are a group of seventeen chemically similar elements that are ________ to the manufacture of many high-tech products. A．crucial B．accessible C．typical D．superior 4．（2025·天津宝坻·二模）The documentary provides a(n) ________ analysis of climate change, backed by decades of scientific data. A．superficial B．comprehensive C．arbitrary D．conservative 5．（2025·天津·二模）Local authorities have been ordered to conduct ________ investigations into the restaurant fire, which claimed 22 lives and left 3 injured in Liaoning Province this Monday. A．whole B．throughout C．strict D．thorough 6．（2025·天津·模拟预测）Please be ________, Mr. Lee. How can I finish so much work in such a short time? A．confident B．modest C．reasonable D．punctual 7．（2025·天津和平·三模）Jack didn’t bring me the book he had promised. It was ______ of him to forget. A．normal B．ordinary C．certain D．typical 8．（2025·天津·模拟预测）The speaker’s humorous accounts and relatable examples made the otherwise dry topic surprisingly__________, keeping the audience attentive throughout the lecture. A．enthusiastic B．engaging C．expressive D．exhausting 9．（2025·天津滨海新·三模）Behaving politely and being ______ of others help to build a harmonious relationship in the dormitory. A．considerate B．aggressive C．skeptical D．dependent 10．（24-25高三下·天津·阶段练习）After leaving the soda bottle open overnight, she took a sip and made a face — the drink had gone ______ and tasted dull. A．secure B．distinctive C．exceptional D．flat 11．（2025·天津·二模）—The AI assistant provides a(n) ______ solution for language learning, as it adapts to each user’s pace and offers real-time feedback. —That’s why it’s so popular among students. A．effective B．random C．fashionable D．economical 12．（2025·天津河东·二模）Keeping a balance of work, rest and diet, and having ______ exercise will save people from illnesses. A．temporary B．convenient C．appropriate D．fierce 13．（2025·天津·二模）Don’t budget more for the trip, because the money I saved is ________ to cover all costs, including hotels and meals. A．sufficient B．effective C．practical D．flexible 14．（24-25高三下·天津南开·阶段练习）While global economic growth slows, Southeast Asia continues to be the most _______ economic region in the world A．fragile B．innocent C．passive D．dynamic 15．（2025·天津和平·二模）The new device, though technically ________, was too expensive for most customers and did not sell well in stores. A．superior B．plain C．primary D．proper 16．（24-25高三下·天津·阶段练习）As she was to meet her parents at the station, she was ______ to get away from the work. A．nervous B．curious C．anxious D．worried 17．（24-25高三下·天津·阶段练习）As a carrier of culture, dumpling is ______ of traditional Chinese food culture and is very different from Western food. A．diverse B．modest C．unique D．typical 18．（2025·天津·一模）I firmly believe that a ______ smile can bridge gaps between people from different countries. A．genuine B．mature C．complex D．distant 19．（2025·天津·一模）Our company offers ______ working hours to help employees better balance work and life. A．essential B．flexible C．ordinary D．accessible 20．（2025·天津南开·一模）Elena felt quite ______ when she saw her score on the math test, which was much lower than she had expected. A．pleased B．discouraged C．amazed D．embarrassed 考向 完形填空形容词辨析 A （2025·天津·二模）I consistently give the same advice to aspiring photographers: Wherever home is, that’s where you should begin. Having lived and worked everywhere but in Sweden for most of my life, I was 1 at following my own advice. I have rarely explored it the same way I’ve explored 2 like Madagascar and Zambia-until now. With all of my foreign trips 3 during the pandemic, I decided to make the most of the closed borders and travel north. Sweden 4 across roughly the same latitudes as Alaska. While climate change is bringing milder winters, it does not have any impact on the 5 of our daylight. And yet traveling on dogsleds, skis or snowmobiles, or staring up at the magical Northern Lights, I 6 minded the lack of daylight. Instead, what 7 my attention was the fascinating beauty of the white, frozen landscapes. Away from buildings and roads, the snow would be clearly 8 even on the darkest of nights. But Johan Stenevad, my host at Lapland Guesthouse, opened my 9 to something else. One day, on a snowmobile path 10 with tall trees on both sides, he turned off his engine and asked what I saw. “Trees,” I answered. “A forest.” He 11 his head. “Not a forest. A plantation. Soon, this is all that will be left,” he said, explaining that the straight rows of trees were being farmed. Johan was right. For decades, the great northern wilderness-the ancient forests that once seemed so 12 has continued to be cruelly cut, and in its place now stand plantations of spruce or pine. Only a fraction of the ancient forests 13 , which grows smaller every year. The Sami-a native people who live mainly in the northern reaches of Sweden, Norway, Finland and Russia-are facing a(n) 14 crisis. Their lives and culture are closely 15 to the ancient forests and the reindeer that inhabit the region. The slow-growing lichen (地衣) and mushrooms upon which the reindeer 16 for their survival are not found in plantations, so the death of one means the death of the other, and a(n) 17 future for an entire people. “We’re not 18 in nature,” said Brita Stina Sjaggo of the Luokta-Mavas reindeer herding district. “We’re part of the forest, and the forest is part of us.” Hers is a thought that 19 deep within me. It is one that too many of us have forgotten, and one that I believe to be 20 for our own survival as well as that of the natural world. 1．A．annoyed B．good C．surprised D．terrible 2．A．destinations B．conditions C．situations D．locations 3．A．disapproved B．canceled C．organized D．extended 4．A．crosses B．lasts C．stretches D．dominates 5．A．length B．location C．quality D．standard 6．A．always B．frequently C．hardly D．recently 7．A．caught B．inspired C．reversed D．undertook 8．A．burnt up B．lit up C．held up D．put up 9．A．ears B．eyes C．hands D．shoulders 10．A．stood B．planted C．growing D．lined 11．A．beat B．held C．nodded D．shook 12．A．endless B．powerful C．rare D．traditional 13．A．decays B．multiplies C．remains D．shrinks 14．A．emotional B．existential C．memorial D．physical 15．A．compared B．devoted C．known D．linked 16．A．reflect B．depend C．insist D．concentrate 17．A．predictable B．promising C．remote D．uncertain 18．A．players B．residents C．visitors D．volunteers 19．A．sounds B．echoes C．alarms D．claims 20．A．compulsory B．essential C．inevitable D．unusual B （24-25高三下·天津武清·阶段练习）One day, a train was approaching the small town of Cheekyville. On the train was a strange man with a big suitcase. He was 21 William Warbler and he looked very uncommon indeed. But what made him most 22 was the fact that whenever he needed to 23 he did so by singing opera. Even if someone said “good day”, he would clear his throat and 24 , “Gooood dayyy to youuuuuuuu, toooooo! ” Almost everyone considered William Warbler unusual, since no one could get a 25 spoken word out of him. And, as no one knew how he made his living and he lived quite 26 , always wearing his same old second-hand suit—they often had no respect for him. William had been in Cheekyville for some years, when, one day, a rumor (谣言) 27 that William had 28 a role in a very important opera in the nation’s capital, that there had been posters everywhere 29 the event, and that it had been a great 30 . And to everyone’s 31 , when William was being interviewed by reporters, he answered their questions by speaking 32 singing. And he did it with good pronunciation, and with a clear and 33 voice. From that day, William 34 singing at all hours. Now he sang only during his stage appearances. Some people had an idea 35 he had changed, but others still had none, and continued believing him to be somewhat mad. They wouldn’t have thought so 36 they had seen what William kept in his 37 . It was a large stone, with a hand-carved message on it. The message said: “Practice, my boy. Practice every second, for you never know when your 38 will come. ” Little did people 39 that he only got the role in the opera because the 40 had heard William singing while out buying a newspaper. 21．A．treated B．believed C．called D．named 22．A．unusual B．ordinary C．familiar D．humour 23．A．debate B．practice C．mention D．communicate 24．A．shout B．reply C．repeat D．laugh 25．A．strange B．normal C．satisfactory D．generous 26．A．naturally B．quietly C．simply D．calmly 27．A．obtained B．exploded C．spread D．gathered 28．A．refused B．created C．performed D．received 29．A．suggesting B．advertising C．explaining D．celebrating 30．A．benefit B．discovery C．success D．experience 31．A．surprise B．joy C．excitement D．doubt 32．A．other than B．rather than C．apart from D．except for 33．A．pleasant B．weak C．relaxing D．broken 34．A．gave up B．turned down C．asked for D．went over 35．A．how B．why C．that D．where 36．A．while B．because C．if D．since 37．A．pocket B．cupboard C．drawer D．suitcase 38．A．chance B．fortune C．courage D．wisdom 39．A．appreciate B．notice C．expect D．realize 40．A．actor B．manager C．neighbor D．director C （2025·天津和平·三模）When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on 41 repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my 42 with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to 43 what my kids weigh with their worth as 44 . I encourage my daughter to make 45 snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally 46 impact. 47 Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the 48 subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and 49 in kids that aren’t 50 healthy.” Instead, she recommends 51 a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents 52 a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — 53 that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. 54 kids to eat what they want also 55 them to the natural consequences of their decisions. “When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,’” says Markey. “Let them 56 they have some 57 over it.” I’ve been trying out these 58 and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge 59 . Even if they don’t eat it, they’re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it 60 .” 41．A．complex B．confident C．constant D．considerate 42．A．relationship B．leadership C．membership D．friendship 43．A．agree B．connect C．deal D．provide 44．A．people B．audience C．society D．public 45．A．delicious B．financial C．healthy D．valuable 46．A．lasting B．profound C．positive D．negative 47．A．Given that B．Due to C．In terms of D．According to 48．A．unimportant B．rare C．suitable D．frequent 49．A．assurances B．peaces C．insecurities D．contentment 50．A．unavoidably B．necessarily C．optionally D．voluntarily 51．A．applying B．submitting C．requesting D．adapting 52．A．prevent B．preserve C．pretend D．provide 53．A．as if B．even if C．only if D．if only 54．A．Imagining B．Discouraging C．Banning D．Allowing 55．A．exposes B．explores C．exchanges D．raises 56．A．seem like B．taste like C．feel like D．sound like 57．A．effort B．control C．tip D．dream 58．A．substances B．subjects C．strategies D．straits 59．A．mistake B．difference C．success D．profit 60．A．clicks B．hits C．strikes D．beats 1．（2024年天津一考） Someone is planning to move out of our building, and their apartment will be _________ for rent at the beginning of March. A．available B．normal C．competitive D．expensive 2．（2024年天津二考） When he went out of his way to help me, I told him how _______ I was for his assistance. A．sensitive B．annoyed C．reliable D．grateful 3．（2023年天津二考）Athletes should make _________ preparation, both physical and psychological, before entering a big race. A．adequate B．slight C．identical D．rough 4．（2021年天津二考）It’s a good idea to choose a(n) ________ destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available. A．annual B．exact C．alternative D．pleasant 5．（2021年天津一考）While rock-climbing, you need to remain very ________ so that you won't make any dangerous errors. A．satisfied B．focused C．amused D．delighted 6．（2020年天津二考）According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is ______. A．worthwhile B．necessary C．optional D．serious 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第03讲 形容词 目录 01 课标达标练 考向 单项选择形容词辨析 02 核心突破练 考向 完形填空形容词辨析 03 真题溯源练 考向 单项选择形容词辨析 1．（2025·天津·模拟预测）Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a ______ decrease. A．surrounding B．subjective C．substantial D．suspicious 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始售卖清洁水，全球范围内霍乱的威胁显著降低。A. surrounding周围的；B. subjective主观的；C. substantial大量的、显著的；D. suspicious可疑的。根据 “tireless efforts(不懈努力)”和 “clean water(清洁水)” 可知，斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始售卖清洁水，所以霍乱威胁应是“显著”减少。故选C。 2．（2025·天津·二模）After-school activities serve as an ________ platform for high school students to cultivate comprehensive abilities. A．odd B．essential C．illegal D．absent 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：课外活动是中学生综合能力培养的重要平台。A. odd奇怪的；奇数的；B. essential必不可少的；极其重要的；C. illegal非法的；D. absent缺席的；不存在的。根据“to cultivate comprehensive abilities.”可知，课外活动对于高中生培养综合能力起着极其重要的作用。故选B。 3．（2025·天津武清·模拟预测）“Rare earths” are a group of seventeen chemically similar elements that are ________ to the manufacture of many high-tech products. A．crucial B．accessible C．typical D．superior 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“稀土”是一组17种化学性质相似的元素，它们对许多高科技产品的制造至关重要。A. crucial至关重要的；B. accessible可接近的；C. typical典型的；D. superior优越的。根据后文“to the manufacture of many high-tech products”以及常识可知，稀土元素对许多高科技产品的制造至关重要，应用形容词crucial。故选A。 4．（2025·天津宝坻·二模）The documentary provides a(n) ________ analysis of climate change, backed by decades of scientific data. A．superficial B．comprehensive C．arbitrary D．conservative 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这部纪录片对气候变化进行了全面的分析，并以数十年的科学数据为支撑。A. superficial表面的；B. comprehensive全面的；C. arbitrary武断的；D. conservative保守的。由句意和analysis of climate change可知，这里指这部纪录片对气候变化进行了“全面的”分析。故选B项。 5．（2025·天津·二模）Local authorities have been ordered to conduct ________ investigations into the restaurant fire, which claimed 22 lives and left 3 injured in Liaoning Province this Monday. A．whole B．throughout C．strict D．thorough 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词和介词词义辨析。句意：当地政府已被要求对本周一辽宁省发生的造成22人死亡、3人受伤的餐馆火灾进行彻底的调查。A. whole完整的；B. throughout遍及；C. strict严格的；D. thorough彻底的。结合investigations into the restaurant fire可知，需要全面深入，空格处应表达“彻底的”，故用thorough。故选D。 6．（2025·天津·模拟预测）Please be ________, Mr. Lee. How can I finish so much work in such a short time? A．confident B．modest C．reasonable D．punctual 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：请讲道理，李先生。我怎么能在这么短的时间内完成这么多工作呢？A. confident自信的；B. modest谦虚的；谦逊的；C. reasonable合理的；通情达理的D. punctual准时的。根据“Mr. Lee. How can I finish so much work in such a short time?”可知，说话者请求李先生要通情达理些，因为期望在如此短的时间内完成这么多工作似乎不合理。故选C。 7．（2025·天津和平·三模）Jack didn’t bring me the book he had promised. It was ______ of him to forget. A．normal B．ordinary C．certain D．typical 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：杰克没有把他答应给我的书带来。他就是爱忘事。A. normal正常的；B. ordinary普通的；C. certain确定的；D. typical典型的，一贯的。根据句意可知，此处为形容词typical“典型的，一贯的”作表语，表示是他的一贯做法。故选D项。 8．（2025·天津·模拟预测）The speaker’s humorous accounts and relatable examples made the otherwise dry topic surprisingly__________, keeping the audience attentive throughout the lecture. A．enthusiastic B．engaging C．expressive D．exhausting 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：演讲者幽默的叙述和相关的例子使原本枯燥的话题出人意料地引人入胜，使听众在整个讲座中都保持专注。A. enthusiastic热心的；B. engaging 吸引人的，迷人的；C. expressive表现的；D. exhausting令人疲惫的。根据后文“keeping the audience attentive throughout the lecture”可知，演讲者幽默的叙述和相关的例子使原本枯燥的话题出人意料地引人入胜，使听众在整个讲座中都保持专注。故选B。 9．（2025·天津滨海新·三模）Behaving politely and being ______ of others help to build a harmonious relationship in the dormitory. A．considerate B．aggressive C．skeptical D．dependent 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：举止礼貌，为他人着想有助于在宿舍里建立和谐的关系。A. considerate考虑周到的；B. aggressive好斗的，挑衅的；C. skeptical好怀疑的；D. dependent依赖的。根据“help to build a harmonious relationship in the dormitory”可知，有助于在宿舍里建立和谐关系的品质应该是“为他人着想”，短语be considerate of意为“为……着想，体谅”。故选A。 10．（24-25高三下·天津·阶段练习）After leaving the soda bottle open overnight, she took a sip and made a face — the drink had gone ______ and tasted dull. A．secure B．distinctive C．exceptional D．flat 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：把汽水瓶敞开过夜后，她喝了一口，做了个鬼脸——饮料没气了，喝起来没味道。A. secure安全的；B. distinctive独特的；C. exceptional杰出的、例外的；D. flat(饮料)走了气的，不新鲜的。根据“tasted dull”可推知，饮料经过敞开过夜后，里面的气跑掉了，所以喝起来没味道。因此，用形容词flat来描述饮料的这种状态是最合适的。故选D项。 11．（2025·天津·二模）—The AI assistant provides a(n) ______ solution for language learning, as it adapts to each user’s pace and offers real-time feedback. —That’s why it’s so popular among students. A．effective B．random C．fashionable D．economical 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：——人工智能助手为语言学习提供了一个有效的解决方案，因为它能适应每个用户的节奏并提供实时反馈。——这就是它在学生中如此受欢迎的原因。A. effective有效的；B. random随机的；C. fashionable时尚的；D. economical经济的。根据“as it adapts to each user’s pace and offers real-time feedback.”可知，人工智能助手为语言学习提供了一个有效的解决方案。故选A。 12．（2025·天津河东·二模）Keeping a balance of work, rest and diet, and having ______ exercise will save people from illnesses. A．temporary B．convenient C．appropriate D．fierce 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：保持工作、休息和饮食的平衡，进行适当的锻炼可以使人们避免生病。A. temporary暂时的；临时的；B. convenient方便的；便利的；C. appropriate适当的；恰当的；D. fierce激烈的；凶猛的。根据“Keeping a balance of work, rest and diet”可知，这里说的是生活方式要适度、合理，所以应该是进行“适当的”锻炼。故选C。 13．（2025·天津·二模）Don’t budget more for the trip, because the money I saved is ________ to cover all costs, including hotels and meals. A．sufficient B．effective C．practical D．flexible 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不要为这次旅行增加预算，因为我攒下的钱足以支付所有的费用，包括酒店和餐费。A. sufficient足够的；B. effective有效的；C. practical实际的；D. flexible灵活的。句中提到“不要增加预算”，肯定是因为“我存的钱已经足够支付所有费用”。这里需填入表示“足够的”形容词。故选A项。 14．（24-25高三下·天津南开·阶段练习）While global economic growth slows, Southeast Asia continues to be the most _______ economic region in the world A．fragile B．innocent C．passive D．dynamic 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管全球经济增长放缓，东南亚仍然是世界上最具活力的经济区域。A. fragile脆弱的；B. innocent无辜的；C. passive被动的；D. dynamic有活力的。while引导让步状语从句，表示前后对比，所以横线处应该表示“东南亚的经济仍然充满活力”。故选D项。 15．（2025·天津和平·二模）The new device, though technically ________, was too expensive for most customers and did not sell well in stores. A．superior B．plain C．primary D．proper 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种新设备虽然在技术上更胜一筹，但对大多数顾客来说太贵了，在商店里卖得不好。A. superior优越的；更高级的；B. plain平庸的，普通的；C. primary基本的，初级的；D. proper合适的，正确的。根据though可知，前后为转折关系，后文说太贵了不好卖，可推测前面说这个产品在技术方面是高级的。故选A项。 16．（24-25高三下·天津·阶段练习）As she was to meet her parents at the station, she was ______ to get away from the work. A．nervous B．curious C．anxious D．worried 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为她要去车站接父母，所以她急于下班。A. nervous紧张的； B. curious好奇的；C. anxious急切的；D. worried担心的。根据“As she was to meet her parents at the station”可知，是着急离开工作，故选C。 17．（24-25高三下·天津·阶段练习）As a carrier of culture, dumpling is ______ of traditional Chinese food culture and is very different from Western food. A．diverse B．modest C．unique D．typical 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为文化的载体，饺子是中国传统饮食文化的典型代表，与西餐有很大的不同。A. diverse多样的；B. modest谦虚的；C. unique独特的；D. typical典型的。根据后文“of traditional Chinese food culture”指饺子是中国传统饮食文化的典型代表，为短语be typical of意为“是……的典型”。故选D。 18．（2025·天津·一模）I firmly believe that a ______ smile can bridge gaps between people from different countries. A．genuine B．mature C．complex D．distant 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我坚信，真诚的微笑可以弥合不同国家人民之间的隔阂。A. genuine真诚的；B. mature成熟的；C. complex复杂的；D. distant遥远的。根据后文“can bridge gaps between people from different countries”可以弥合隔阂的是真诚的微笑。故选A。 19．（2025·天津·一模）Our company offers ______ working hours to help employees better balance work and life. A．essential B．flexible C．ordinary D．accessible 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们公司提供灵活的工作时间，以帮助员工更好地平衡工作和生活。 A. essential基本的；B. flexible灵活的；C. ordinary普通的；D. accessible可到达的。 根据help employees better balance work and life可知，公司提供的是灵活的工作时间。故选B。 20．（2025·天津南开·一模）Elena felt quite ______ when she saw her score on the math test, which was much lower than she had expected. A．pleased B．discouraged C．amazed D．embarrassed 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Elena看到数学考试成绩比她预期的低很多时，感到非常沮丧。 A. pleased高兴的； B. discouraged沮丧的； C. amazed惊讶的； D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据 “when she saw her score on the math test, which was much lower than she had expected”可知，Elena看到数学考试成绩比她预期的低很多时，感到非常沮丧。故选B项。 考向 完形填空形容词辨析 A （2025·天津·二模）I consistently give the same advice to aspiring photographers: Wherever home is, that’s where you should begin. Having lived and worked everywhere but in Sweden for most of my life, I was 1 at following my own advice. I have rarely explored it the same way I’ve explored 2 like Madagascar and Zambia-until now. With all of my foreign trips 3 during the pandemic, I decided to make the most of the closed borders and travel north. Sweden 4 across roughly the same latitudes as Alaska. While climate change is bringing milder winters, it does not have any impact on the 5 of our daylight. And yet traveling on dogsleds, skis or snowmobiles, or staring up at the magical Northern Lights, I 6 minded the lack of daylight. Instead, what 7 my attention was the fascinating beauty of the white, frozen landscapes. Away from buildings and roads, the snow would be clearly 8 even on the darkest of nights. But Johan Stenevad, my host at Lapland Guesthouse, opened my 9 to something else. One day, on a snowmobile path 10 with tall trees on both sides, he turned off his engine and asked what I saw. “Trees,” I answered. “A forest.” He 11 his head. “Not a forest. A plantation. Soon, this is all that will be left,” he said, explaining that the straight rows of trees were being farmed. Johan was right. For decades, the great northern wilderness-the ancient forests that once seemed so 12 has continued to be cruelly cut, and in its place now stand plantations of spruce or pine. Only a fraction of the ancient forests 13 , which grows smaller every year. The Sami-a native people who live mainly in the northern reaches of Sweden, Norway, Finland and Russia-are facing a(n) 14 crisis. Their lives and culture are closely 15 to the ancient forests and the reindeer that inhabit the region. The slow-growing lichen (地衣) and mushrooms upon which the reindeer 16 for their survival are not found in plantations, so the death of one means the death of the other, and a(n) 17 future for an entire people. “We’re not 18 in nature,” said Brita Stina Sjaggo of the Luokta-Mavas reindeer herding district. “We’re part of the forest, and the forest is part of us.” Hers is a thought that 19 deep within me. It is one that too many of us have forgotten, and one that I believe to be 20 for our own survival as well as that of the natural world. 1．A．annoyed B．good C．surprised D．terrible 2．A．destinations B．conditions C．situations D．locations 3．A．disapproved B．canceled C．organized D．extended 4．A．crosses B．lasts C．stretches D．dominates 5．A．length B．location C．quality D．standard 6．A．always B．frequently C．hardly D．recently 7．A．caught B．inspired C．reversed D．undertook 8．A．burnt up B．lit up C．held up D．put up 9．A．ears B．eyes C．hands D．shoulders 10．A．stood B．planted C．growing D．lined 11．A．beat B．held C．nodded D．shook 12．A．endless B．powerful C．rare D．traditional 13．A．decays B．multiplies C．remains D．shrinks 14．A．emotional B．existential C．memorial D．physical 15．A．compared B．devoted C．known D．linked 16．A．reflect B．depend C．insist D．concentrate 17．A．predictable B．promising C．remote D．uncertain 18．A．players B．residents C．visitors D．volunteers 19．A．sounds B．echoes C．alarms D．claims 20．A．compulsory B．essential C．inevitable D．unusual 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．D 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．D 16．B 17．D 18．C 19．B 20．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文通过作者在瑞典北部的旅行经历，揭示了当地原始森林被人工种植林取代的现状，以及这一变化对原住民萨米人生存和文化的威胁。作者借此呼吁人们重视人与自然的紧密联系，强调保护自然生态对人类生存的重要性。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一生中的大部分时间里，我几乎在除瑞典之外的所有地方生活和工作，因此我非常不擅长遵循自己的建议。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. good好的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. terrible糟糕的。根据上文“Having lived and worked everywhere but in Sweden for most of my life”可知，作者自己长期不在瑞典，因此难以遵循自己的建议。be terrible at表示“不擅长、不善于”。故选D。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很少像探索马达加斯加和赞比亚这样的目的地那样探索过瑞典——直到现在。A. destinations目的地；B. conditions条件；C. situations情况；D. locations位置。根据下文“like Madagascar and Zambia”可知，马达加斯加和赞比亚是作者探索的目的地。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于疫情期间所有的国外旅行都被取消，我决定充分利用关闭的边境，前往北部旅行。A. disapproved不赞成；B. canceled取消；C. organized组织；D. extended延长。根据下文“during the pandemic”和“I decided to make the most of the closed borders and travel north”可知，疫情期间，作者所有的外国旅行都被取消了。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：瑞典大致横跨与阿拉斯加相同的纬度。A. crosses穿过；B. lasts持续；C. stretches延伸；D. dominates支配。根据下文“across roughly the same latitudes as Alaska”可知，瑞典的纬度大致与阿拉斯加相同，此处表示延伸，stretch across为固定短语，意为“延伸，贯穿”。故选C。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然气候变化带来了更温和的冬季，但这对我们日照的时长没有任何影响。A. length长度；B. location位置；C. quality质量；D. standard标准。上文“milder winters（更温和的冬天）”讨论气候，转折词“while”表明气候变化不影响日照时长。故选A。 6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，乘坐狗拉雪橇、滑雪或雪地摩托旅行，或仰望神奇的北极光时，我几乎不介意日光的缺乏。A. always总是；B. frequently频繁地；C. hardly几乎不；D. recently最近。根据下文“Instead, what ____7____ my attention was the fascinating beauty of the white, frozen landscapes.”可知，作者沉浸于自然美景，因此几乎不介意日照不足。故选C。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，吸引我注意力的是白色冰冻景观的迷人之美。A. caught抓住；B. inspired激励；C. reversed反转；D. undertook承担。根据下文“my attention was the fascinating beauty of the white, frozen landscapes”可知，美景吸引了作者的注意力，固定搭配catch one’s attention（吸引某人注意），与上文“不介意日照不足”形成对比，强调被白色冰冻景观的魅力吸引。故选A。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：远离建筑物和道路，即使在最黑暗的夜晚，雪也会清晰地照亮。A. burnt up烧尽；B. lit up照亮；C. held up举起；D. put up张贴。根据下文“even on the darkest of nights”可知，雪在夜晚反光发亮，符合物理常识。故选B。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我在拉普兰宾馆的主人Johan Stenevad让我看到了其他东西。A. ears耳朵；B. eyes眼睛；C. hands手；D. shoulders肩膀。根据下文“One day, on a snowmobile path ____10____ with tall trees on both sides, he turned off his engine and asked what I saw.”可知，宾馆主人让作者看到了别的东西，open one’s eyes to sth.为固定短语，意为“使某人意识到、看清某事”。故选B。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，在一条两旁排列着高大树木的雪地摩托小径上，他关掉引擎，问我看到了什么。A. stood站立；B. planted种植；C. growing生长；D. lined沿……形成行或排。根据下文“with tall trees on both sides”可知，雪地摩托道两边都是高树，be lined with为固定短语，意为“排列着”。故选D。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他摇了摇头。A. beat打败；B. held握住；C. nodded点头；D. shook摇晃。根据上文““Trees,” I answered. “A forest.””和下文“Not a forest”可知，作者回答“森林”，而Johan纠正“不是森林，是人工林”，所以Johan摇了摇头。故选D。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几十年来，北部的广袤荒野——曾经看似如此无穷无尽的古老森林——持续遭到残酷砍伐，取而代之的是云杉或松树种植园。A. endless无止境的；B. powerful强大的；C. rare稀有的；D. traditional传统的。根据下文“has continued to be cruelly cut,”可知，过去森林看似无穷无尽，如今遭破坏。故选A。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：仅存一小部分古老森林，且其面积每年都在缩小。A. decays腐烂；B. multiplies繁殖；C. remains留下；D. shrinks收缩。主语 “only a fraction of the ancient forests”表示“仅存的原始森林”，“remains（剩余、留存）”符合“砍伐后仅存少量”的语义。故选C。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：萨米人——主要居住在瑞典、挪威、芬兰和俄罗斯北部的原住民 —— 正面临一场生存危机。A. emotional情感的；B. existential存在的；C. memorial纪念的；D. physical身体的。根据下文“Their lives and culture are closely ____15____ to the ancient forests and the reindeer that inhabit the region.”可知，萨米人正面临着一场生存危机。故选B。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的生活和文化与古老森林及栖息在该地区的驯鹿密切相连。A. compared比较；B. devoted致力于；C. known知道；D. linked联系。根据下文“to the ancient forests and the reindeer that inhabit the region”可知，萨米人的生活和文化与古老的森林和驯鹿密切相关，be linked to为固定短语，意为“与……有关联”。故选D。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：驯鹿生存所依赖的生长缓慢的地衣和蘑菇在种植园中找不到，因此其中一方的消亡意味着另一方的消亡，也意味着整个种族的未来不确定。A. reflect反映；B. depend依靠；C. insist坚持；D. concentrate集中。根据下文“for their survival”可知，驯鹿依靠地衣和蘑菇生存，depend on为固定短语，意为“依靠”。故选B。 17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. predictable可预测的；B. promising有前途的；C. remote遥远的；D. uncertain不确定的。根据上文“The slow-growing lichen and mushrooms upon which the reindeer ____16____ for their survival are not found in plantations”可知，驯鹿赖以生存的地衣和蘑菇在种植园里是找不到的，所以一方死亡意味着另一方死亡，整个种族的未来也不确定。故选D。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我们不是自然中的访客，”卢克塔-马瓦斯驯鹿放牧区的Brita Stina Sjaggo说，“我们是森林的一部分，森林也是我们的一部分。”A. players运动员；B. residents居民；C. visitors访客；D. volunteers志愿者。根据下文“We’re part of the forest, and the forest is part of us.””可知，萨米人认为自己是大自然的一部分，而不是访客。故选C。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的想法在我心中产生了共鸣。A. sounds听起来；B. echoes回响，共鸣；C. alarms警告；D. claims声称。根据下文“It is one that too many of us have forgotten”可知，她的想法在作者心中产生了共鸣。故选B。 20．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我们许多人已经忘记的理念，也是我认为对我们自身以及自然世界的生存都至关重要的理念。A. compulsory义务的；B. essential至关重要的；C. inevitable不可避免的；D. unusual不寻常的。结尾升华主题，强调“人与自然一体”的观念对“人类和自然生存”至关重要。故选B。 B （24-25高三下·天津武清·阶段练习）One day, a train was approaching the small town of Cheekyville. On the train was a strange man with a big suitcase. He was 21 William Warbler and he looked very uncommon indeed. But what made him most 22 was the fact that whenever he needed to 23 he did so by singing opera. Even if someone said “good day”, he would clear his throat and 24 , “Gooood dayyy to youuuuuuuu, toooooo! ” Almost everyone considered William Warbler unusual, since no one could get a 25 spoken word out of him. And, as no one knew how he made his living and he lived quite 26 , always wearing his same old second-hand suit—they often had no respect for him. William had been in Cheekyville for some years, when, one day, a rumor (谣言) 27 that William had 28 a role in a very important opera in the nation’s capital, that there had been posters everywhere 29 the event, and that it had been a great 30 . And to everyone’s 31 , when William was being interviewed by reporters, he answered their questions by speaking 32 singing. And he did it with good pronunciation, and with a clear and 33 voice. From that day, William 34 singing at all hours. Now he sang only during his stage appearances. Some people had an idea 35 he had changed, but others still had none, and continued believing him to be somewhat mad. They wouldn’t have thought so 36 they had seen what William kept in his 37 . It was a large stone, with a hand-carved message on it. The message said: “Practice, my boy. Practice every second, for you never know when your 38 will come. ” Little did people 39 that he only got the role in the opera because the 40 had heard William singing while out buying a newspaper. 21．A．treated B．believed C．called D．named 22．A．unusual B．ordinary C．familiar D．humour 23．A．debate B．practice C．mention D．communicate 24．A．shout B．reply C．repeat D．laugh 25．A．strange B．normal C．satisfactory D．generous 26．A．naturally B．quietly C．simply D．calmly 27．A．obtained B．exploded C．spread D．gathered 28．A．refused B．created C．performed D．received 29．A．suggesting B．advertising C．explaining D．celebrating 30．A．benefit B．discovery C．success D．experience 31．A．surprise B．joy C．excitement D．doubt 32．A．other than B．rather than C．apart from D．except for 33．A．pleasant B．weak C．relaxing D．broken 34．A．gave up B．turned down C．asked for D．went over 35．A．how B．why C．that D．where 36．A．while B．because C．if D．since 37．A．pocket B．cupboard C．drawer D．suitcase 38．A．chance B．fortune C．courage D．wisdom 39．A．appreciate B．notice C．expect D．realize 40．A．actor B．manager C．neighbor D．director 【答案】 21．C 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．B 26．C 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．C 31．A 32．B 33．A 34．A 35．B 36．C 37．D 38．A 39．D 40．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了William Warbler以歌剧演唱交流的独特方式不被小镇居民理解，后来人们才知道，原来他因日常坚持练习歌唱，被导演发现而获得成功的故事。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他叫William Warbler，他看起来确实很不寻常。A. treated对待；B. believed相信；C. called叫；D. named命名。根据语境以及下文“William Warbler”可知，此处应表示人们称呼这个人为William Warbler。故选C项。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但最让他与众不同的是，每当他需要交流时，他就通过唱歌剧来交流。A. unusual不寻常的；B. ordinary普通的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. humour幽默的。根据上文“he looked very uncommon”以及下文“Almost everyone considered William Warbler unusual”可知，unusual原词复现，表示这个人最不寻常的地方。故选A项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最让他与众不同的是，每当他需要交流时，他就通过唱歌剧来交流。A. debate争论；B. practice练习；C. mention注意；D. communicate交流。根据下文“Even if someone said “good day”, he would clear his throat and…”可知，此处表示与人交流。故选D项。 24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使有人跟他说“你好”，他也会清一下嗓子回答：“祝你好，好，好！”A. shout大叫；B. reply回复；C. repeat重复；D. laugh大笑。根据上文“Even if someone said “good day””可知，当有人打招呼时，应回应对方。故选B项。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几乎每个人都认为William Warbler不寻常，因为没有人能从他嘴里套出一个正常的单词。A. strange奇怪的；B. normal正常的；C. satisfactory满足的；D. generous慷慨的。根据上文提到William Warbler用唱歌剧的方式与人交流，所以人们听不到他正常的话。故选B项。 26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：而且，由于没有人知道他是如何谋生的，他生活得很简朴，总是穿着那套旧的二手衣服，所以他们常常不尊重他。A. naturally自然地；B. quietly安静地；C. simply简单地；D. calmly镇静地。根据下文“always wearing his same old second-hand suit”可知，他总是穿着那套旧的二手衣服，说明他生活很简朴。故选C项。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：William在奇基维尔已经住了几年了，有一天，谣言四起，说William在首都得到了一个非常重要的歌剧中的一个角色，到处都是宣传这件事的海报，说演出非常成功。A. obtained获得；B. exploded爆炸；C. spread传播；D. gathered聚集。根据下文“that William had 　　8　　 a role in a very important opera in the nation’s capital”可知，此处表示谣言四起，说William得到了一个非常重要的歌剧中的一个角色。故选C项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：William在奇基维尔已经住了几年了，有一天，谣言四起，说William在首都得到了一个非常重要的歌剧中的一个角色，到处都是宣传这件事的海报，说演出非常成功。A. refused拒绝；B. created创造；C. performed表现；D. received得到。根据下文“a role in a very important opera in the nation’s capital”可知，此处应表示William得到了一个非常重要的歌剧中的一个角色。故选D项。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：William在奇基维尔已经住了几年了，有一天，谣言四起，说William得到了在首都一个非常重要的歌剧中的一个角色，到处都是宣传这件事的海报，说演出非常成功。A. suggesting建议；B. advertising做广告；C. explaining解释；D. celebrating庆祝。根据句意以及上文“that there had been posters everywhere”可知，此处应表示到处都是宣传这件事的海报，说演出非常成功。故选B项。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：William在奇基维尔已经住了几年了，有一天，谣言四起，说William在首都得到了一个非常重要的歌剧中的一个角色，到处都是宣传这件事的海报，说演出非常成功。A. benefit利益；B. discovery发现；C. success成功；D. experience经历。根据下文“William was being interviewed by reporters”可知，William接受了记者的采访，说明这部歌剧取得了成功。故选C项。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令所有人惊讶的是，当William接受记者采访时，他不是唱歌而是说话来回答记者的问题。A. surprise惊讶；B. joy高兴；C. excitement激动；D. doubt怀疑。根据前文分析和下文“he answered their questions by speaking 　　12　　 singing”可知，因为他原来交流都不正常说话，而这次他不是唱歌而是说话来回答记者的问题，所以令人惊讶。故选A项。 32．考查介词短语辨析。句意：令所有人惊讶的是，当William接受记者采访时，他不是唱歌而是说话来回答记者的问题。A. other than除了；B. rather than而不是；C. apart from除了；D. except for除了。根据上文“he answered their questions by speaking”以及下文“singing”可知，此处应表示当William接受记者采访时，他不是唱歌而是说话来回答记者的问题。故选B项。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的发音很好，声音清晰悦耳。A. pleasant令人愉快的；B. weak弱的；C. relaxing令人放松的；D. broken破损的。根据上文“And he did it with good pronunciation”可知，William的发音很好，声音清晰悦耳。故选A项。 34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那天起，William就不再唱歌了。A. gave up放弃；B. turned down拒绝；C. asked for要求；D. went over复习，检查。根据下文“Now he sang only during his stage appearances.”可知，William现在只有在登台演出时候才唱歌剧，说明他现在不再每时每刻都唱歌了。故选A项。 35．考查连词词义辨析。句意：有些人知道他为什么变了，但其他人仍然不知道，仍然认为他有点疯了。A. how如何；B. why为什么；C. that（无意义）；D. where在哪里。根据下文“but others still had none, and continued believing him to be somewhat mad”可知，此处应表示William改变的原因。故选B项。 36．考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果他们看到William在手提箱里放的东西，他们就不会这么想了。A. while当……时；B. because因为；C. if如果；D. since因为。根据上文“They wouldn’t have thought so”以及下文“they had seen”可知，本句是虚拟条件句，与过去事实相反，表示“如果”。故选C项。 37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他们看到William在手提箱里放的东西，他们就不会这么想了。A. pocket口袋；B. cupboard橱柜；C. drawer抽屉；D. suitcase手提箱。根据上文“On the train was a strange man with a big suitcase.”以及下文“It was a large stone”可知，此处指William随声携带的大箱子里有一块大石头。故选D项。 38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一秒都要练习，因为你永远不知道机会什么时候会到来。A. chance机会；B. fortune运气；C. courage勇气；D. wisdom智慧。根据下文“he only got the role in the opera because the ___20___ had heard William singing while out buying a newspaper.”可知，导演外出买报纸时听到William在唱歌剧，这使他有机会得到了这个角色，所以此处指机会。故选A项。 39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们很少意识到，他之所以能得到这个角色，是因为导演在外面买报纸的时候听到了William唱歌。A. appreciate欣赏；B. notice注意；C. expect期待；D. realize意识到。根据句意以及下文“that he only got the role in the opera because the 　　20　　 had heard William singing while out buying a newspaper.”可知，此处应表示人们很少意识到他如何能得到这个角色。故选D项。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们很少意识到，他之所以能得到这个角色，是因为导演在外面买报纸的时候听到了William唱歌。A. actor演员；B. manager经理；C. neighbor邻居；D. director导演。根据上文提到William在歌剧中得到了一个角色，再结合常识及选项可知，此处指导演给了William这个角色。故选D项。 C （2025·天津和平·三模）When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on 41 repeat throughout my childhood. It really messed up my 42 with food — something that took me years to overcome. Because of this, I’m careful not to 43 what my kids weigh with their worth as 44 . I encourage my daughter to make 45 snack choices and often dissuade (劝阻) her from a second dessert. But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank. It made me wonder if giving her advice on snacks was having an unintentionally 46 impact. 47 Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the 48 subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. “There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says. “It just creates some worries and 49 in kids that aren’t 50 healthy.” Instead, she recommends 51 a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents 52 a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — 53 that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots. 54 kids to eat what they want also 55 them to the natural consequences of their decisions. “When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,’” says Markey. “Let them 56 they have some 57 over it.” I’ve been trying out these 58 and I’ve found that when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions. “Feeding is a long game,” says Markey. “The food you have available makes a huge 59 . Even if they don’t eat it, they’re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it 60 .” 41．A．complex B．confident C．constant D．considerate 42．A．relationship B．leadership C．membership D．friendship 43．A．agree B．connect C．deal D．provide 44．A．people B．audience C．society D．public 45．A．delicious B．financial C．healthy D．valuable 46．A．lasting B．profound C．positive D．negative 47．A．Given that B．Due to C．In terms of D．According to 48．A．unimportant B．rare C．suitable D．frequent 49．A．assurances B．peaces C．insecurities D．contentment 50．A．unavoidably B．necessarily C．optionally D．voluntarily 51．A．applying B．submitting C．requesting D．adapting 52．A．prevent B．preserve C．pretend D．provide 53．A．as if B．even if C．only if D．if only 54．A．Imagining B．Discouraging C．Banning D．Allowing 55．A．exposes B．explores C．exchanges D．raises 56．A．seem like B．taste like C．feel like D．sound like 57．A．effort B．control C．tip D．dream 58．A．substances B．subjects C．strategies D．straits 59．A．mistake B．difference C．success D．profit 60．A．clicks B．hits C．strikes D．beats 【答案】 41．C 42．A 43．B 44．A 45．C 46．D 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．B 51．A 52．D 53．B 54．D 55．A 56．C 57．B 58．C 59．B 60．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己儿时的经历以及自己作为父母对孩子在食物上的做法，主要论述父母应减少对孩子饮食的干预，允许其自主选择食物。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你不想变胖”这句话在我童年时期经常被重复。A. complex复杂的；B. confident自信的；C. constant不断的，经常的；D. considerate体贴的。根据上文“When I was a child I was often told what not to eat.”以及后文“throughout my childhood”可知，这句话在作者童年时期是不断被重复的。故选C。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这真的破坏了我和食物的关系——我花了好几年才克服这个问题。A. relationship关系；B. leadership领导能力；C. membership会员资格；D. friendship友谊。根据后文“with food”以及“something that took me years to overcome”可知，作者花了好几年才克服与食物之间的问题，说明这破坏了作者和食物的关系。故选A。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我小心不将孩子的体重与他们作为人的价值联系起来。A. agree同意；B. connect连接，联系；C. deal发牌，贩毒；D. provide提供。根据前文“something that took me years to overcome”以及后文“what my kids weigh with their worth”可知，作者在小时候遇到过这种问题，所以她注意不要把孩子的体重和他们的价值联系起来。故选B。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. people人；B. audience观众；C. society社会；D. public公众。根据前文“When I was a child I was often told what not to eat. “You don’t want to get fat” was on  ____1____  repeat throughout my childhood”可知，此处指孩子形成的做人的价值，即在公众眼中孩子的价值往往与外貌、体重等挂钩，但作者注意不要这样联系。故选A。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我鼓励女儿选择健康的零食，并经常劝阻她不要吃第二份甜点。A. delicious美味的；B. financial财政的；C. healthy健康的；D. valuable有价值的。根据后文“snack choices”以及“often dissuade her from a second dessert”可知，作者鼓励女儿选择健康的零食。故选C。 46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让我怀疑给她关于零食的建议是否在无意中产生了负面影响。A. lasting持久的；B. profound深刻的；C. positive积极的；D. negative消极的，负面的。根据前文“But one day when I heard her saying “I think I’m too fat,” my heart sank.”可知，作者怀疑自己的建议是否产生了负面影响。故选D。 47．考查介词短语辨析。句意：心理学教授夏洛特·马基认为，在育儿过程中，食物是极少数父母“少说为妙”的话题之一。A. Given that考虑到；B. Due to由于；C. In terms of就……而言；D. According to根据。根据空后“Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology”以及下文““There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,” she says.”可知，此处指根据心理学教授Charlotte Markey的说法。故选D。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. unimportant不重要的；B. rare稀有的，稀少的；C. suitable合适的；D. frequent频繁的。根据后文“There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I’m not convinced that food is one of them,”可知，父母与孩子之间的众多交流话题中，“食物”是少有的父母应“少说为妙”的话题之一。故选B。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这只会给孩子带来一些不必要的担忧和不安全感。A. assurances保证；B. peaces和平；C. insecurities不安全感；D. contentment满足。根据前文“It just creates some worries and”可知，此处指给孩子带来一些负面的情绪，与worries并列，insecurities“不安全感”符合语境。故选C。 50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. unavoidably不可避免地；B. necessarily必要地；C. optionally可选择地；D. voluntarily自愿地。根据上文“as parents, saying less is more”以及“It just creates some worries and ____9____”可知，食物相关的话题造成的担忧和不安全感未必是健康的，所以少说为妙；not necessarily“不一定；未必”符合语境。故选B。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，她建议在营养专家中应用一个广为人知的概念——“责任分工”，即父母在固定的时间为孩子提供各种主要是健康的食物，孩子们自己决定吃什么和吃多少——即使这意味着偶尔吃更多的饼干而不是胡萝卜。A. applying应用，申请；B. submitting提交；C. requesting要求；D. adapting适应。根据前文的Instead以及后文“a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,””可知，我们不应该在甜点上给孩子们建议，而是要应用一个人们熟知的概念：“责任分工”。故选A。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. prevent阻止；B. preserve保存；C. pretend假装；D. provide提供。根据后文“a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times”可知，父母在固定的时间为孩子提供各种主要是健康的食物。故选D。 53．考查连词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. as if好像；B. even if即使；C. only if只有；D. if only要是……就好了。根据后文“that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots”可知，即使这意味着偶尔吃更多的饼干而不是胡萝卜，也要让孩子们自己决定吃什么和吃多少，所以此处为让步状语从句，表示“即使”。故选B。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：允许孩子吃他们想吃的东西也会让他们承担自己决定的自然后果。A. Imagining想象；B. Discouraging使气馁；C. Banning禁止；D. Allowing允许。根据上文“the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume”以及后文“kids to eat what they want”可知，此处指允许孩子吃他们想吃的东西。故选D。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. exposes暴露，使面临；B. explores探索；C. exchanges交换；D. raises提高。根据后文““When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts,’ you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,’” says Markey.”可知，此处指使孩子面临自己决定的自然后果。故选A。 56．考查动词短语辨析。句意：让他们觉得自己对它有一定的控制权。A. seem like看起来像；B. taste like尝起来像；C. feel like感觉像；D. sound like听起来像。根据上文“you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices”以及后文“they have some control over it”可知，此处指让孩子感觉自己对食物有一定的控制权。故选C。 57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. effort努力；B. control控制；C. tip小费，建议；D. dream梦想。根据前文“the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume”可知，孩子们自己决定吃什么和吃多少，即他们有一定的控制权。故选B。 58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直在尝试这些策略，我发现当我限制较少时，他们确实会做出更好的决定。A. substances物质；B. subjects主题；C. strategies策略；D. straits困境。根据空前“I’ve been trying out these”以及后文“when I’m less restrictive, they do make better decisions”可知，此处指作者一直在尝试上文所阐述的Markey的那些策略、方法，而且效果显著。故选C。 59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你手头有的食物会产生很大的影响。A. mistake错误；B. difference差异，影响；C. success成功；D. profit利润。根据后文“Even if they don’t eat it, they’re seeing it”可知，手头的食物即使不吃，也会看到，说明手头有的食物会产生很大的影响。故选B。 60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使他们不吃，他们也在看。然后突然之间，他们就明白了。A. clicks被突然明白，豁然开朗；B. hits打击；C. strikes罢工，袭击；D. beats打败。根据前文“ The food you have available makes a huge  ____19____ . Even if they don’t eat it, they’re seeing it.”可知，此处指孩子们突然之间就明白了食物的影响。click在这里表示“突然明白”。故选A。 1．（2024年天津一考） Someone is planning to move out of our building, and their apartment will be _________ for rent at the beginning of March. A．available B．normal C．competitive D．expensive 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有人打算搬出我们的大楼，他们的公寓将在三月初出租。A. available可获得的，可租用的；B. normal正常的；C. competitive有竞争力的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据“Someone is planning to move out of our building”可推知，有人要搬出去了，所以公寓将在三月初可以出租，应用available，表示“可获得的，可租用的”。故选A项。 2．（2024年天津二考） When he went out of his way to help me, I told him how _______ I was for his assistance. A．sensitive B．annoyed C．reliable D．grateful 【答案】D 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他尽心尽力地帮助我，我因此向他表达诚挚的感谢。A. sensitive敏感的；B. annoyed生气的；C. reliable可靠的；D. grateful感激的。根据前文“he went out of his way to help me”可知，他尽心尽力地帮助我，因此我很感激他，故应用形容词grateful作表语，故选D。 3．（2023年天津二考）Athletes should make _________ preparation, both physical and psychological, before entering a big race. A．adequate B．slight C．identical D．rough 【答案】A 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：运动员在参加大型比赛前应该做好充分的生理和心理准备。A. adequate足够的；B. slight轻微的；C. identical相同的；D. rough粗糙的，不平的。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，根据句意，此处表示“足够的，充足的”，用adequate。故选A。 4．（2021年天津二考）It’s a good idea to choose a(n) ________ destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available. A．annual B．exact C．alternative D．pleasant 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你首选的旅游景点没有了，选择一个替代目的地是一个好主意。A. annual年度的；B. exact准确的；C. alternative替代的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。根据后文“destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available”可知此处指替代目的地，应用alternative。故选C。 5．（2021年天津一考）While rock-climbing, you need to remain very ________ so that you won't make any dangerous errors. A．satisfied B．focused C．amused D．delighted 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在攀岩的时候，你需要保持非常专注，这样你就不会犯任何危险的错误。A. satisfied满意的；B. focused专注的；C. amused被逗乐的；D. delighted高兴的。根据后文“so that you won't make any dangerous errors”可知要想不犯任何危险的错误，攀岩的时候需要保持专注，focused符合语境。故选B。 6．（2020年天津二考）According to Professor Johnson, we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to, as it is ______. A．worthwhile B．necessary C．optional D．serious 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:根据约翰逊教授的说法，如果我们不想读这本书，就不必读，因为它是可选择的。A. worthwhile值得的；B. necessary必要的；C. optional 可选择的，选修的；D. serious严肃的，认真的。根据“we don’t have to read the book if we don’t want to”可知，这本书读不读都可以，由此可知，它是“可选择的”。故选C。 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$