Unit 1 A New Start句子基本结构（语法专项）英语外研版2019必修第一册

Unit 1 A New Start 核心语法精练（基本句子结构） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 2 二、分析句子成分并写出基本句型 3 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 3 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 3 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 4 句子的基本结构 主谓 (SV) 主语 + 不及物动词（无需宾语） - The sun shines. - She laughed. 主谓宾 (SVO) 主语 + 及物动词 + 直接宾语 - He reads a book. - They play soccer. 主系表 (SVC) 主语 + 系动词（be/seem/become） + 补语（名词/形容词/介词短语） - She is a teacher. - The soup tastes salty. 主谓双宾 (SVOO) 主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语（人） + 直接宾语（物） - He gave her a gift. - I told him the truth. 主谓宾补 (SVOC) 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 补语（说明宾语的状态或身份） - We named the dog Max. - They painted the wall blue. There be There + be动词 + 主语（表示“存在”） - There is a problem. - There were three birds in the tree. 补充说明：  及物动词 vs. 不及物动词 · SV 结构中的动词（如 "run", "cry"）不需要宾语。 · SVO 结构中的动词（如 "eat", "buy"）必须接宾语。  双宾语位置调换 · SVOO 结构中，间接宾语可后置并用介词（to/for）连接： · She gave a letter to me. = She gave me a letter.  补语类型 · SVC 补语：名词（a doctor）、形容词（happy）、介词短语（in the room）。 · SVOC 补语：形容词（open）、名词（president）、分词（broken）。 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 1．With the latest technology (apply) to smartphones, even those who believe themselves to be unattractive can become easy on the eye with the push of a button. 2．The Beijing Organising Committee for the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games unveiled(公布) official uniforms for staff, technical officials and (voluntary) on Wednesday. 3．My father was the gentlest, most loving and caring dad in the world, but one day we had an (argue). 4．We argued the waiter the price of the meal. 5．The man was his knife with a when I entered the room. (sharp) 6．Every farmer knows that weather plays a great part farming. 7．He wants to apply the company a job as a salesman. 8．Due to the (apply) of this medical technology, some diseases can be treated at the early stage. 9．He didn’t make clear when and where the sports meet would be held. 10．The speaker gave many examples to make himself (understand). 11．He not only helped his own family，but also (hold) out a helping hand to many other men less fortunate (幸运的) than himself. 12．Not only his parents but also his elder brother (go)to the Summer Palace. They haven't come back yet. 13．Recently we had a heated debate which way is better to get work done, working individually (单独地) or working in a team. 14．—Hi, Tina. We’re going to Sam’s house to celebrate his graduation. Would you like to come ? —Great! Let’s go. 15．Though he was world-famous, Einstein didn’t really care his clothes. 16．After knocking politely at the door, that (apply) entered the office of the editor. 17．After Tom retired from office, he took painting as his hobby. 18．As adults, we should stay calm whatever challenges we come in work. 19．The plane will take off schedule. 20．The Great Wall displays the great (intelligent) of the ancient Chinese people. 二、分析句子成分并写出基本句型 1. All of us considered him honest. 2. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes. 3. He broke a piece of glass. 4. He made it clear that he would leave the city. 5. I love you more than her, child. 6. Trees turn green when spring comes. 7. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 8. We will make our school more beautiful. 9. He didn't come. That is because he didn't know. 10. She showed us many of her pictures. 11. The old man lives a lonely life. 12. Our school is not far from my home. 13. The students agreed. 14. My sister is writing a letter. 15. I heard him sing a song. 16. He asked me to come back soon. 17. My teacher gave me a book. 18. They elected John chairman. 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） On the first day at senior high, I woke up early and rushed out of the door 1. _________(eager) in order to get to know my new school. I was excited to have an 2. (explore) of it! During my English class, Mr Meng, our English teacher, asked us to introduce 3. (we) to the class one by one, and he went first. But I was too nervous 4. (pay) attention, wondering how I could make my first impression. I 5. (organize) my words when my turn came. Hearing my self­introduction, everyone in my class burst out laughing, 6._______ put me in panic. However, my teacher said，“Nice to know we share the same name.”Although I was embarrassed, his words made me 7. (relax). Then, Mr Meng explained，“Challenges like this might sometimes put you 8._______ pressure. But it all 9. (depend) on what you do.” Finally, he encouraged us to keep calm and be prepared so as to make 10. most of the time at senior high. 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A （湖北省2024-2025学年高一上学期期末联考）Three champions of Paris Olympic Games shared their success stories with students at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, encouraging them to dream big. Tennis player Zheng Qinwen, diver Chang Yani and canoe player Sun Mengya, all gold 1 (medalist), were happy to return to the university they had attended. Zheng, 2 first Asian athlete to get a gold medal in women’s singles tennis in 128 years of Olympic history, 3 (tell) the students that winning not only brought glory but also made her inner self 4 (strong) and more confident. “But along this road to success, there may be difficulties, doubts, tears and failures. You must enjoy the process. When 5 (stand) at the top of the world and looking back, you will find that the efforts 6 you made in the past were worth it.” she added. You Zheng, president of the university, said their spirit of fighting 7 national glory and never giving up on the field was 8 (true) worth learning for all members of the university. The students present 9 (teach) by the three champions basic movements of diving, canoeing and playing tennis. Chang and Sun donated the clothes they wore when winning the gold medals at the Paris Games with their names 10 (sign) and Zheng gave away her tennis racket. B （河北省2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末考试）Over 2, 200 parents and family members from as far away as Singapore joined their students on campus from Oct. 25 to 27 for Brown University’s Family Weekend. The annual tradition allows parents and families 1 (experience) the campus life as a Brunonian for a few days. This year it included 2 (variety) activities, from student performances and athletic events to research forums (论坛) and lectures,   3 (provide) a deep insight (见解) into the exciting life at Brown. “The most important part is not all the events 4 will impress you — it’s finding out firsthand what life is like for your child here,” said Brown President Paxson in a welcome address. Among the 5   (attraction) was a lecture by Professor Cobb titled “Our Climate Future: Students as Changemakers”. She spoke about the ways that the current generation of students 6   (encourage) to face critical climate challenges through research and action right now. “ 7 (honest), it’s a great community event,” said a parent. “In 8 (compare) with other social events, it stirs up my emotions more. It is the first time that I have been able to see the campus, meet the students, go to all these different things… it kind of brings me back to when I was in school.” The event not only developed 9 sense of community but also enabled parents to reconnect 10 the excitement of academic (学术的) and social life on campus. C （湖南省名校联考联合体2024-2025学年高一上学期11月期中试题） Nov. 22, 2023, just before turning 20, Ji Xiaoming received a letter from Cao Yajun, a girl from a middle school in Daye, Hubei province. The girl was one of the 526 middle school students in Daye 1 took part in a charity project focused on providing psychological (心理的) support to children in the countryside. Lin Lusheng, the project director, 2 (stress) that teenagers in the project are at an age when they begin to meet pressure and go through typical psychological changes. “But many children are less likely 3 (share) their feelings with adults such as parents or teachers, which, if ignored, can lead to psychological problems,” he added. According to him, 80 to 90 percent of the 4 (volunteer) of the project are university students in their 20s. In Cao’s letter, she mentioned feelings overcome by schoolwork, asked about 5 (effect) study methods, and was curious about university life. She sincerely responded 6 the letter, sharing details about her educational experiences and university life. Upon 7 (receive) Ji’s reply, Cao was overjoyed. “She described university life as so colorful and inspiring. It 8 (definite) really encourages me to study hard and struggle for my dream university,” she said. So far, the project 9 (offer) letter companionship services to rural children from 1,217 schools across the country, including nine schools in Daye, exchanging 10 total of 1.42 million letters. 6 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 A New Start 核心语法精练（基本句子结构） 目录 1 B 考点夯基·专项突破 2 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 2 二、分析句子成分并写出基本句型 6 C 综合攻坚·能力跃升 8 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） 8 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） 8 句子的基本结构 主谓 (SV) 主语 + 不及物动词（无需宾语） - The sun shines. - She laughed. 主谓宾 (SVO) 主语 + 及物动词 + 直接宾语 - He reads a book. - They play soccer. 主系表 (SVC) 主语 + 系动词（be/seem/become） + 补语（名词/形容词/介词短语） - She is a teacher. - The soup tastes salty. 主谓双宾 (SVOO) 主语 + 动词 + 间接宾语（人） + 直接宾语（物） - He gave her a gift. - I told him the truth. 主谓宾补 (SVOC) 主语 + 动词 + 宾语 + 补语（说明宾语的状态或身份） - We named the dog Max. - They painted the wall blue. There be There + be动词 + 主语（表示“存在”） - There is a problem. - There were three birds in the tree. 补充说明：  及物动词 vs. 不及物动词 · SV 结构中的动词（如 "run", "cry"）不需要宾语。 · SVO 结构中的动词（如 "eat", "buy"）必须接宾语。  双宾语位置调换 · SVOO 结构中，间接宾语可后置并用介词（to/for）连接： · She gave a letter to me. = She gave me a letter.  补语类型 · SVC 补语：名词（a doctor）、形容词（happy）、介词短语（in the room）。 · SVOC 补语：形容词（open）、名词（president）、分词（broken）。 一、单句语法填空（词汇句式全考查） 1．With the latest technology (apply) to smartphones, even those who believe themselves to be unattractive can become easy on the eye with the push of a button. 【答案】applied 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着最新科技应用于智能手机，即使是那些认为自己不好看的人也可以通过按一下按钮变得很养眼。根据“With the latest technology”可知，此处用with复合结构，apply和the latest technology逻辑上是被动关系，空处应用apply的过去分词形式applied，作宾语补足语。故填applied。 2．The Beijing Organising Committee for the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games unveiled(公布) official uniforms for staff, technical officials and (voluntary) on Wednesday. 【答案】volunteers 　 【详解】考查名词。句意：周三，北京2022年冬奥会和冬残奥会组织委员会公布了工作人员、技术官员和志愿者的官方制服。根据句子结构及语境可知，设空处与空前的staff和technical officials共同作介词for的宾语,表示“志愿者”,应用名词volunteer；空前没有限定词修饰,应用名词的复数形式。故填volunteers。 3．My father was the gentlest, most loving and caring dad in the world, but one day we had an (argue). 【答案】argument 【详解】考查名词。句意：我的父亲是这世上最温柔、最慈爱、最体贴的父亲，但有一天我们吵了一架。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用名词argument，作用宾语，由不定冠词an可知，应用名词单数形式。故填argument。 4．We argued the waiter the price of the meal. 【答案】 with about/over 【详解】考查介词。句意：我们和服务员争论这顿饭的价格。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语argue with sb. about/over sth.，意为“与某人争论某事”，故空处应填介词。故第一空填with，第二空填about或over。 5．The man was his knife with a when I entered the room. (sharp) 【答案】 sharpening sharpener 【详解】考查时态和名词。句意：当我走进房间时，那个人正在用磨刀器磨刀。由“his knife”可知，第一空意为“磨”，由空前的was可知，句子时态是过去进行时，因此第一空是sharpening；第二空前面有a，因此第二空是可数名词的单数形式，根据句意可知，那个人用磨刀器磨刀，因此第二空是“磨刀器”，是sharpener，故填sharpening，sharpener。 6．Every farmer knows that weather plays a great part farming. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：每个农民都知道天气在农业中起着很大的作用。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语play a part in，意为“在……中起作用”，空处应填介词in。故填in。 7．He wants to apply the company a job as a salesman. 【答案】 to for 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他想向这家公司申请做推销员的工作。根据句意和apply可知，此处用的短语为“apply to the company for”，表示“向公司申请……”，符合句意，故第一空填to，第二空填for。 8．Due to the (apply) of this medical technology, some diseases can be treated at the early stage. 【答案】application 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于这种医疗技术的应用，有些疾病可以在早期治疗。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用名词application，由空前the及空后this medical technology可知，此处特指“这种医疗技术的应用”，应用名词单数形式。故填application。 9．He didn’t make clear when and where the sports meet would be held. 【答案】it 【详解】考查代词。句意：他没有明确说明运动会将在何时何地举行。分析句子可知用it作形式宾语，clear是宾语补足语，之后的“ when and where the sports meet would be held”是真正的宾语从句。故填it。 10．The speaker gave many examples to make himself (understand). 【答案】understood 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：演讲者举出了许多例子来让他自己被人理解。分析句子可知，句中涉及“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，“understand”意为“理解”，动词词性，“himself”和“understand”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“understand”的过去分词“understood”作宾补。故填understood。 11．He not only helped his own family，but also (hold) out a helping hand to many other men less fortunate (幸运的) than himself. 【答案】held 【详解】考查时态。句意：他不仅帮助了自己的家庭，还向许多比自己不幸的人伸出了援助之手。分析句子可知使用not only...but also...连接并列的谓语动词，结合helped可知句子时态是一般过去时，动词hold也使用过去式。故填held。 12．Not only his parents but also his elder brother (go)to the Summer Palace. They haven't come back yet. 【答案】has gone 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：不仅他的父母，他的哥哥也去颐和园了。他们还没有回来。此处not only…but also连接并列主语，谓语动词应遵循“就近原则”，与his elder brother在人称和数上保持一致，再根据“They haven't come back yet”可知，空处应用现在完成时。故填has gone。 13．Recently we had a heated debate which way is better to get work done, working individually (单独地) or working in a team. 【答案】about/over/on 【详解】考查介词。句意：最近，我们就哪种方式更好地完成工作进行了激烈的辩论，是个人工作还是团队工作?分析句子可知，此处考查“…debate about/over/on sth.”，意为“关于……的辩论”，空处应填介词表示“关于”，应用介词about或over或on。故填about或over或on。 14．—Hi, Tina. We’re going to Sam’s house to celebrate his graduation. Would you like to come ? —Great! Let’s go. 【答案】along 【详解】考查副词。句意：——嗨，蒂娜。我们要去萨姆家庆祝他的毕业。你想一起去吗？——太好了！我们走吧。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语come along，意为“跟随，一起来”，短语中的along为副词，意为“一起，连同”，因此空处应填副词along。故填along。 15．Though he was world-famous, Einstein didn’t really care his clothes. 【答案】about 【详解】考查介词。句意：虽然爱因斯坦举世闻名，但他并不真正在意自己的衣服。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语care about“在意……”。故填about。 16．After knocking politely at the door, that (apply) entered the office of the editor. 【答案】applicant 【详解】考查名词。句意：那个应征者礼貌地敲了敲门，走进了编辑的办公室。空格处用名词作主语，由“entered the office of the editor”可知，此处说的是应征者走进了编辑的办公室，空格处意为“应征者”，名词是applicant，为可数名词，由that可知空格处用名词单数作主语，故填applicant。 17．After Tom retired from office, he took painting as his hobby. 【答案】up 【详解】考查介词。句意：汤姆退休后，开始把绘画作为自己的爱好。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语take up，意为“开始从事”，故空处应用介词up。故填up。 18．As adults, we should stay calm whatever challenges we come in work. 【答案】across 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：作为成年人，无论在工作中遇到什么挑战，我们都应该保持冷静。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用动词短语come across“偶然遇见”，空格处应用介词across。故填across。 19．The plane will take off schedule. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：飞机将准时起飞。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处是固定短语on schedule“按时间表，准时，按计划”。故填on。 20．The Great Wall displays the great (intelligent) of the ancient Chinese people. 【答案】intelligence 【详解】考查名词。句意：长城展示了古代中国人民的伟大智慧。分析句子可知，此处需要一个名词做宾语，名词为intelligence,是不可数名词。故填intelligence。 二、分析句子成分并写出基本句型 1. All of us considered him honest. 2. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes. 3. He broke a piece of glass. 4. He made it clear that he would leave the city. 5. I love you more than her, child. 6. Trees turn green when spring comes. 7. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 8. We will make our school more beautiful. 9. He didn't come. That is because he didn't know. 10. She showed us many of her pictures. 11. The old man lives a lonely life. 12. Our school is not far from my home. 13. The students agreed. 14. My sister is writing a letter. 15. I heard him sing a song. 16. He asked me to come back soon. 17. My teacher gave me a book. 18. They elected John chairman. 【答案】 1. 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补。2. 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语。3. 主语＋谓语＋宾语。4. 主语＋谓语＋形式宾语＋宾补＋宾语从句。5. 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语。6. 主语＋系动词＋表语＋状语从句。7. 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语＋状语。9. 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补。9. 主语＋谓语；主语＋系动词＋表语从句。10. 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语。11. 主语＋谓语＋同源宾语。12. 主语＋系动词＋表语。13. 主语＋谓语。14. 主语＋谓语＋宾语。15. 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补。16. 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补。17. 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语。18. 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补。 【解析】 1. 考查句子成分。句意：我们所有人都认为他是诚实的。其中"All of us"作主语；"considered"是谓语动词；"him"作宾语；"honest"作宾语补足语。故填主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补。 2. 考查句子成分。句意：我的祖父给我买了一双运动鞋。其中"My grandfather"作主语；"bought"是谓语动词；"me"作间接宾语；"a pair of sports shoes"作直接宾语。故填主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语。 3. 考查句子成分。句意：他打破了一块玻璃。其中"He"作主语；"broke"是谓语动词；"a piece of glass"作宾语。故填主语＋谓语＋宾语。 4. 考查句子成分。句意：他明确表示他会离开这座城市。其中"He"作主语；"made"是谓语动词；"it"作形式宾语；"clear"作宾语补足语；"that he would leave the city"是真正的宾语从句。故填主语＋谓语＋形式宾语＋宾补＋宾语从句。 5. 考查句子成分。句意：孩子，我爱你胜过爱她。其中"I"作主语；"love"是谓语动词；"you"作宾语；"more than her"作比较状语；"child"作呼语。故填主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语。 6. 考查句子成分。句意：当春天来临时，树木变绿。其中"Trees"作主语；"turn"是系动词；"green"作表语；"when spring comes"是时间状语从句。故填主语＋系动词＋表语＋7. 考查句子成分。句意：他们把门推开了。其中"They"作主语；"pushed"是谓语动词；"the door"作宾语；"open"作宾语补足语。故填主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补。 7. 考查句子成分。句意：昨晚奶奶给我讲了一个有趣的故事。其中"Grandma"作主语；"told"是谓语动词；"me"作间接宾语；"an interesting story"作直接宾语；"last night"作时间状语。故填主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语＋状语。 8. 考查句子成分。句意：我们将使我们的学校更美丽。其中"We"作主语；"will make"是谓语动词；"our school"作宾语；"more beautiful"作宾语补足语。故填主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补。 9. 考查句子成分。前句"He didn't come"中"He"作主语；"didn't come"是谓语。后句"That is because he didn't know"中"That"作主语；"is"是系动词；"because he didn't know"作表语从句。故填主语＋谓语；主语＋系动词＋表语从句。 10. 考查句子成分。句意：她给我们看了她的许多照片。其中"She"作主语；"showed"是谓语动词；"us"作间接宾语；"many of her pictures"作直接宾语。故填主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语。 11. 考查句子成分。句意：这位老人过着孤独的生活。其中"The old man"作主语；"lives"是谓语动词；"a lonely life"作同源宾语。故填主语＋谓语＋同源宾语。 12. 考查句子成分。句意：我们学校离我家不远。其中"Our school"作主语；"is"是系动词；"not far from my home"作表语。故填主语＋系动词＋表语。 13. 考查句子成分。句意：学生们同意了。其中"The students"作主语；"agreed"是谓语动词。故填主语＋谓语。 14. 考查句子成分。句意：我妹妹正在写信。其中"My sister"作主语；"is writing"是谓语动词；"a letter"作宾语。故填主语＋谓语＋宾语。 15. 考查句子成分。句意：我听见他唱了一首歌。其中"I"作主语；"heard"是谓语动词；"him"作宾语；"sing a song"作宾语补足语。故填主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补。 16. 考查句子成分。句意：他让我早点回来。其中"He"作主语；"asked"是谓语动词；"me"作宾语；"to come back soon"作宾语补足语。故填主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补。 17. 考查句子成分。句意：我的老师给了我一本书。其中"My teacher"作主语；"gave"是谓语动词；"me"作间接宾语；"a book"作直接宾语。故填主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语。 18. 考查句子成分。句意：他们选举约翰为主席。其中"They"作主语；"elected"是谓语动词；"John"作宾语；"chairman"作宾语补足语。故填主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补。 题型一 语篇语法填空（课文改编） On the first day at senior high, I woke up early and rushed out of the door 1. _________(eager) in order to get to know my new school. I was excited to have an 2. (explore) of it! During my English class, Mr Meng, our English teacher, asked us to introduce 3. (we) to the class one by one, and he went first. But I was too nervous 4. (pay) attention, wondering how I could make my first impression. I 5. (organize) my words when my turn came. Hearing my self­introduction, everyone in my class burst out laughing, 6._______ put me in panic. However, my teacher said，“Nice to know we share the same name.”Although I was embarrassed, his words made me 7. (relax). Then, Mr Meng explained，“Challenges like this might sometimes put you 8._______ pressure. But it all 9. (depend) on what you do.” Finally, he encouraged us to keep calm and be prepared so as to make 10. most of the time at senior high. 【答案】 1. eagerly 2. exploration 3. ourselves 4. to pay 5. was organizing 6. which 7. relaxed 8. under 9. depends 10. The 题型二 语篇语法填空（模考真题） A （湖北省2024-2025学年高一上学期期末联考）Three champions of Paris Olympic Games shared their success stories with students at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan, encouraging them to dream big. Tennis player Zheng Qinwen, diver Chang Yani and canoe player Sun Mengya, all gold 1 (medalist), were happy to return to the university they had attended. Zheng, 2 first Asian athlete to get a gold medal in women’s singles tennis in 128 years of Olympic history, 3 (tell) the students that winning not only brought glory but also made her inner self 4 (strong) and more confident. “But along this road to success, there may be difficulties, doubts, tears and failures. You must enjoy the process. When 5 (stand) at the top of the world and looking back, you will find that the efforts 6 you made in the past were worth it.” she added. You Zheng, president of the university, said their spirit of fighting 7 national glory and never giving up on the field was 8 (true) worth learning for all members of the university. The students present 9 (teach) by the three champions basic movements of diving, canoeing and playing tennis. Chang and Sun donated the clothes they wore when winning the gold medals at the Paris Games with their names 10 (sign) and Zheng gave away her tennis racket. 【答案】 1．medalists 2．the 3．told 4．stronger 5．standing 6．that/which 7．for 8．truly 9．were taught 10．signed 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了巴黎奥运会三位冠军回母校激励学弟学妹，并接受母校奖章并捐赠个人物品的新闻。 1．考查名词。句意：网球运动员郑钦文、跳水运动员昌雅妮和皮划艇运动员孙梦雅，她们都是金牌获得者，非常高兴回到曾经就读过的大学。medalist为可数名词，根据all可知，此处指多位金牌得主，medalist应用复数形式medalists。故填medalists。 2．考查冠词。句意：郑钦文，奥运历史128年来首位获得女子单打网球金牌的亚洲运动员，告诉学生们，获胜不仅带来荣耀，还让她内心更强大、更自信。当名词前有序数词修饰，且表示次序时，需用定冠词the，表示特指。故填the。 3．考查时态。句意：郑钦文，奥运历史128年来首位获得女子单打网球金牌的亚洲运动员，告诉学生们，获胜不仅带来荣耀，还让她内心更强大、更自信。空处为句子的谓语动词，句子描述发生在过去的事情，时态应用一般过去时，tell的过去式为told。故填told。 4．考查形容词。句意：郑钦文，奥运历史128年来首位获得女子单打网球金牌的亚洲运动员，告诉学生们，获胜不仅带来荣耀，还让她内心更强大、更自信。根据空后and more confident可知，空处应用比较级与more confident并列作宾语补足语，strong的比较级为stronger。故填stronger。 5．考查状语从句中的省略。句意：当站在世界之巅回首往事时，你会发现过去所付出的努力都是值得的。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的时间状语从句完整句子为When you are standing，省略you are，保留现在分词。故填standing。 6．考查定语从句。句意：当站在世界之巅回首往事时，你会发现过去所付出的努力都是值得的。空处引导定语从句，the efforts为先行词，指物，且关系词在从句中作made的宾语，应用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 7．考查介词。句意：该校校长尤政表示，她们为国家荣誉而战、在赛场上永不放弃的精神，确实值得全校师生学习。fight for为固定短语，意为 “为……而战”。故填for。 8．考查副词。句意：该校校长尤政表示，她们为国家荣誉而战、在赛场上永不放弃的精神，确实值得全校师生学习。本空修饰形容词worth，需用副词truly“确实，真正地”，作状语。故填truly。 9．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在场的学生们由三位冠军教授了跳水、皮划艇和打网球的基本动作。空处为句子的谓语动词，句子主语The students与teach之间为被动关系，且事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were + 过去分词，主语students为复数，be动词应用were，teach的过去分词为taught。故填were taught。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：昌雅妮和孙梦雅捐赠了她们在巴黎奥运会夺冠时所穿并签名的衣服，郑钦文则赠送了她的网球拍。句中已有谓语动词donated，空处为with复合宾语结构的宾语补足语，names与sign之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词 signed。故填signed。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 B （河北省2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末考试）Over 2, 200 parents and family members from as far away as Singapore joined their students on campus from Oct. 25 to 27 for Brown University’s Family Weekend. The annual tradition allows parents and families 1 (experience) the campus life as a Brunonian for a few days. This year it included 2 (variety) activities, from student performances and athletic events to research forums (论坛) and lectures,   3 (provide) a deep insight (见解) into the exciting life at Brown. “The most important part is not all the events 4 will impress you — it’s finding out firsthand what life is like for your child here,” said Brown President Paxson in a welcome address. Among the 5   (attraction) was a lecture by Professor Cobb titled “Our Climate Future: Students as Changemakers”. She spoke about the ways that the current generation of students 6   (encourage) to face critical climate challenges through research and action right now. “ 7 (honest), it’s a great community event,” said a parent. “In 8 (compare) with other social events, it stirs up my emotions more. It is the first time that I have been able to see the campus, meet the students, go to all these different things… it kind of brings me back to when I was in school.” The event not only developed 9 sense of community but also enabled parents to reconnect 10 the excitement of academic (学术的) and social life on campus. 【答案】 1．to experience 2．various 3．providing 4．that 5．attractions 6．are being encouraged 7．Honestly 8．comparison 9．a 10．with 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了来自包括新加坡等地的2200多名家长及亲属参加布朗大学的家庭周末活动，活动多样且意义非凡。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一一年一度的传统让家长和家人能够以布鲁诺人的身份体验几天的校园生活。固定搭配allow sb.to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。故填to experience。 2．考查形容词。句意：今年的活动包括各种活动，从学生表演和体育赛事到研究论坛和讲座，让人们对布朗大学令人兴奋的生活有了深入的了解。此句中的activities为可数名词复数形式，前面需要形容词various修饰，作定语。故填various。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：今年的活动包括各种活动，从学生表演和体育赛事到研究论坛和讲座，让人们对布朗大学令人兴奋的生活有了深入的了解。此句已有谓语动词included,且没有连词连接其他动词，所以此处应填非谓语动词。provide与逻辑主语it之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式providing作状语，表示“提供了对布朗大学精彩生活的全面了解”。故填providing。 4．考查定语从句。句意：“最重要的部分并不是所有的活动都会给你留下深刻的印象，而是直接了解你的孩子在这里的生活，”布朗大学校长帕克森在欢迎致辞中说。此处为定语从句，先行词是all the events,在从句中作宾语，指物；当先行词被all不定代词修饰时，只能用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 5．考查名词复数。句意：其中最引人注目的是科布教授的题为“我们的气候未来：学生作为变革者”的演讲。attraction是可数名词，意为“吸引人的事物”。由among可知，应用复数。故填attractions。 6．考查动词的时态语态。句意：她谈到了如何鼓励当代学生通过研究和行动应对严峻的气候挑战。根据句中的right now可知应用现在进行时；且主语the current generation of students和encourage之间是被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。故填are being encouraged。 7．考查副词。句意：“说实话，这是一次很棒的社区活动，”一位家长说。此处为副词修饰整个句子，表示说话人的态度或看法，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Honestly。 8．考查名词。句意：与其他社交活动相比，它更能激起我的情绪。in comparison with为固定短语，意为“与……相比”。故填comparison。 9．考查冠词。句意：此次活动不仅培养了社区意识，还让家长重新体验校园学术和社交生活的乐趣。此句中的sense为可数名词单数形式，前面需要冠词修饰，且此处表示“一种社区感”，且该词发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 10．考查介词。句意：此次活动不仅培养了社区意识，还让家长重新体验校园学术和社交生活的乐趣。固定搭配reconnect with意为“重新与……建立联系”。故填with。 C （湖南省名校联考联合体2024-2025学年高一上学期11月期中试题） Nov. 22, 2023, just before turning 20, Ji Xiaoming received a letter from Cao Yajun, a girl from a middle school in Daye, Hubei province. The girl was one of the 526 middle school students in Daye 1 took part in a charity project focused on providing psychological (心理的) support to children in the countryside. Lin Lusheng, the project director, 2 (stress) that teenagers in the project are at an age when they begin to meet pressure and go through typical psychological changes. “But many children are less likely 3 (share) their feelings with adults such as parents or teachers, which, if ignored, can lead to psychological problems,” he added. According to him, 80 to 90 percent of the 4 (volunteer) of the project are university students in their 20s. In Cao’s letter, she mentioned feelings overcome by schoolwork, asked about 5 (effect) study methods, and was curious about university life. She sincerely responded 6 the letter, sharing details about her educational experiences and university life. Upon 7 (receive) Ji’s reply, Cao was overjoyed. “She described university life as so colorful and inspiring. It 8 (definite) really encourages me to study hard and struggle for my dream university,” she said. So far, the project 9 (offer) letter companionship services to rural children from 1,217 schools across the country, including nine schools in Daye, exchanging 10 total of 1.42 million letters. 【答案】 1．who/that 2．stressed 3．to share 4．volunteers 5．effective 6．to 7．receiving 8．definitely 9．has offered 10．a 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一个慈善项目中的大学生志愿者与高中生结对，给其提供心理支持。 1．考查定语从句。句意：这名女孩是大冶526名中学生中的一员，他们参加了一个慈善项目，重点是为农村儿童提供心理支持。设空处为引导限定性定语从句的关系词，先行词是students，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。 2．考查动词时态。句意：项目负责人林路生强调，参与该项目的青少年正处于开始承受压力并经历典型心理变化的年龄。根据后文he added可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填stressed。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：“但许多孩子不太可能与父母或老师等成年人分享他们的感受，如果忽视这一点，可能会导致心理问题，”他补充说。固定短语be likely to do sth.“可能做某事”。故填to share。 4．考查名词复数。句意：据他介绍，80% ~ 90%的志愿者都是20多岁的大学生。根据本句中的“80 to 90 percent of the”可知，志愿者不止一个，应用名词复数形式。故填volunteers。 5．考查形容词。句意：在信中，她提到了被学业压倒的感觉，询问了有效的学习方法，并对大学生活感到好奇。此处修饰名词methods，应用形容词effective“有效的”，作定语。故填effective。 6．考查介词。句意：她真诚地回复了这封信，分享了她的教育经历和大学生活的细节。固定搭配respond to the letter“回信”，to是介词。故填to。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：曹收到纪的回信，喜出望外。此处作介词 upon宾语，应用动名词。故填receiving。 8．考查副词。句意：“这确实鼓励了我努力学习，为我梦想中的大学而奋斗。”此处修饰动词encourages，应用副词definitely“确定地”，作状语。故填 definitely。 9．考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，该项目已经为全国1217所学校的农村儿童提供了信件陪伴服务，其中包括大冶的9所学校，共交换了142万封信。根据时间状语So far可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语是 the project，助动词用has。故填has offered。 10．考查冠词。句意：到目前为止，该项目已经为全国1217所学校的农村儿童提供了信件陪伴服务，其中包括大冶的9所学校，共交换了142万封信。固定搭配a total of“总计”。故填a。 14 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$