第03讲 Unit 3（知识全梳理&考点精准练）-【暑假自学课】2025年新八年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（外研版2024）

第03讲 Unit 3（知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 一、重点单词、短语梳理 单词 fair n.展览会 blind adj.盲的，失明的 lightning n. 闪电 block n.一块（指木头、石头等有直边的硬物） machine n.机器 pioneer n.先驱，先锋，创始人 artificial adj.人造的，人工的 warn v.警告，告诫；提醒 exploration n.探索；探险； condition n.健康情况 object n．物体 test v.验证；检验 cost v．价格为，需支付（某一数量的钱） sense v.检测并记录 despite prep.尽管，虽然，任凭 lend v.帮助（某人）做事（尤指需要体力的事）；（给某人）搭把手 nearby adv.附近 curiosity n.好奇心 printer n．（与计算机连接的）打印机 congratulation n.恭喜，祝贺 future adj.将来的，未来的 invent v.发明，创造 advertisement n．广告；启事 failure n.失败 brain n.脑，大脑 everyday adj.日常的；平常的； explorer n.探险者，勘察者 weigh／wei／v.重，重量是······ trouble v.使忧虑，使苦恼 risk n.冒险举动 kilogram／＇kiləgræm／n.千克，公斤 creative／kri＇ertiv／adj.（人）有创造力的 drive v.促使（某人做某事） fix v.解决（问题） imaginative adj．富有想象力 towards prep.朝，向， invention n.发明（物）（如机器、工具、仪器等） inventor n. 发明家 spend v.度过，花（时间） download v.下载(信息或程序) quality n. 品性 earthquake n．地震 allow v.允许，容许，准许 glue n. 胶水 keyhole n.锁眼，钥匙孔 report n.新闻报道 talent n. 天资，天赋 apply v.应用，运用 electricity n. 电 词形变化 block n.→blocked adj.堵住的 invention n.→invent v.发明→inventor n.发明家 congratulation n.→congratulate v.祝贺 completely adv.→complete adj.完整的；完全的→completion n.完成；结束 unexpected adj.→expect v.预料；期待→expectation n.预期；盼望→expected adj.预料的 weigh v.→weight n. 重量 imagine v.→imaginative adj. 有想象力的 重点短语 out of 由……制成 blow sb．away 使某人大为惊讶 lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 enjoy doing 享受做某事 be curious about 对…..感到好奇 ice lolly 冰棍，冰棒 what’s worse 更糟糕的是 lightning rod 避雷针 2、 核心考点精讲 考点1 He built it out of plastic blocks and fishing line.他是用塑料积木和钓鱼线制作的 out of 由……制成，用……做成 We built the hen house out of wood.我们用木头搭建了这个鸡舍。 out of构成的相关短语： out of business停业；歇业 out of work失业 out of breath喘不上气 out of order出故障 考点2 Her artificial arm was just a simple hook, but it cost $80,000.她的假肢只是一个简单的钩子，却花费了8万美元。（教材P36） 辨析：四朵金“花” spend spend 的主语必须是人， sb spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。sb spend time ／ money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。 cost cost的主语是物或某种活动，sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱, 某物花了（某人）多少钱. 注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。 take take 主语为物或it. It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。doing sth. takes sb.＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间 pay pay 主语为人 sb pay money for sth. 付钱买…… 考点3 What’s worse, children like her grow quickly and need new arms all the time.更糟糕的是，像她这样的 孩子长得快，经常需要新的假肢。（教材P36） what’s worse 更糟糕的是，用来引出一个更加糟糕或严重的情况，通常用来加重语气，强调比较。 It’s raining, and what’s worse, I left my umbrella at home.天下起了雨，更糟糕的是，我把伞忘在家里了。 考点4 “It blew me away! I built my arm for only $300,” thought Easton. “这让我大吃一惊！我只花了 300 美元 就造出了假肢。”伊斯顿心想。（教材P37） blow sb. away 使某人大吃一惊；（尤指比赛中）彻底击败 It just blows me away that everyone is so friendly here.我真是惊讶极了，这里的每一个人都如此友好。 考点5 I must lend a hand to people like her.我一定要帮助像她这样的人。（教材P37） lend /lend/ v. 帮助（某人）做事（尤指需要体力的事）；（给某人）搭把手 lend sb. a（helping）hand/ lend a（helping）hand to sb.帮助某人，向某人伸出援手 He was always glad to lend a helping hand.他总是乐于施以援手。 ［动词］借给；借出，对应词为borrow “借入；借来”。 lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 I lent my favourite book to Mary. = I lent Mary my favourite book.我把自己最喜欢的书借给了玛丽。 考点6 It was able to move with brain signals of the user. But it wasn’t good enough yet: the arm weighed 3.6 kilograms.它能随着使用者的大脑发出的信号移动。但它还不够好：这一假肢重达3.6千克。（教材P37） brain /breɪn/ n. 脑，大脑，智力；脑力 weigh /weɪ/ v. 重，重量是…… 对重量提问常用“How much do/does...weigh?” “What do/does...weigh?”或“How heavy is/are...?”。 How much/What do you weigh?/How heavy are you? 你的体重是多少？ weight n. 重量；分量 put on/gain weight增加体重 lose weight减重 考点7 He enjoyed fixing problems one after another.他对解决一个又一个问题乐此不疲。（教材P37） fix /fɪks/ v. 解决（问题），修理 My friend is very confident that she can help me fix the problem.我朋友非常自信她能够帮我解决这个问题 enjoy doing sth 享受做某事 I enjoy playing chess with my brother. 我很享受和弟弟一起下围棋。 考点8 What a helping hand!多大的帮助啊！（教材P37） 本句结构为：What+a/an（+形容词）+单数名词！ What a beautiful garden!多么漂亮的花园啊！ What a surprise！真是没料到的事！ 考点9 They wished to have a smart machine to warn them about the objects in their way, so Shantanu decided to do something to help.他们希望有一台智能机器来提醒他们前方路上的障碍物，于是Shantanu决定做点什么来帮忙。（教材P39） warn 用法： 考点10 How does the problem trouble you?这个问题给你带来了什么困扰？（教材P40） trouble /ˈtrʌbəl/ v. 使忧虑，使苦恼 This latest news troubled him deeply.这个最新消息使他深为烦恼。 ［不可数名词］麻烦；困境 be in trouble 遇到麻烦;处于困难中 get/run into trouble陷入困境 have trouble（in）doing sth. 做某事有麻烦/困难 考点11 UNEXPECTED INVENTIONS意想不到的发明（教材P42） unexpected /ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/ adj.想不到的 unexpected adj.→expect v.预料；期待→expectation n.预期；盼望→expected adj.预料的 考点12 I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious.我没有什么特殊才能。 我只有强烈的好奇心。 （教材P44） talent /ˈtælənt/ n.天资，天赋，才能 have/show a talent/gift for...在……方面有天赋 talented ［形容词］有才能的;天才的 He is a talented player.他是一位天才运动员。 考点13 He was so curious about space that he invented a “flying chair”! He lost his life while testing this invention.他对太空非常好奇，甚至发明了一个“飞椅”！他在试验这项发明时丧生。（教材P44） be curious about对……感到好奇, 后可接名词、代词、动词-ing或从句。其中curious为形容词，意为“好奇的”，其名词形式为curiosity“好奇心”。 so…that。。如此。。以致于…引导结果状语从句 结果状语从句的引导词有so / such … that … 等。 （1）区分两种句式： ① so+adj./ adv.+that … ②such+(a / an)+adj.+n.+that … 如：Tom is so clever that he learns Chinese well.=Tom is such a clever boy that he learns Chinese well. 汤姆如此聪明，语文学得很好。 （2）注意：当名词前有much，many，little，few等词修饰时，只能用so。 如：You can’t spend so much time on computer games.你不能花这么多时间在网络游戏上。 考点14 Despite the failure, his curiosity gave future explorers ideas. 尽管失败了，但他的好奇心为后来的探 索者提供了灵感。（教材P44） despite /dɪˈspaɪt/ prep. 尽管，虽然，任凭，用于表示让步或对比关系，后面常跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式,不能接句子。与in spite of 同义。 Despite the rain, we went out for a walk.尽管下雨，我们还是出去散步了。 failure /ˈfeɪljə/ n.失败 fail v. 失败 考点15 But curiosity is more than just taking risks.但好奇心不仅仅是冒险。（教材P45） risk /rɪsk/ n.冒险举动 ［动词］冒……的危险；冒险做；使冒风险 take risks/take a risk冒险 the risk of...……的风险 at risk处境危险,受到威胁 risk one’s life冒着生命危险 risk doing sth.冒险做某事 Grammar单元语法：动词不定式和动名词作宾语 动词不定式作宾语 （1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+to do” 结构）常见的有： learn 学会 plan 计划 decide 决定 try 尽力 choose 选择 agree 同意 refuse 拒绝 pretend 假装 offer 主动 would like / want 想要 expect 期望 hope / wish 希望 promise 承诺 afford 负担得起 prefer 喜欢 help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing) continue 继续(continue to do / doing) begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing) 如：I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。 （2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。 如：We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。 （3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（who，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+to do” 结构），常见的有：show 表明、指示；know 知道；tell 告诉；teach 教；learn 学习；decide 决定。 如：Larry didn’t know how to tell her the bad news. 拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。 动名词作宾语 ①作动词的宾语 某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语， 不能用不定式。常见的此类动词(词组)有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, enjoy, finish, keep, mind, practice, give up, feel like, suggest, consider, keep on, can't help(情不自禁)等。如： I have already finished reading this book. 我已经读完这本书了。 ②作介词的宾语 介词后如果接动词作宾语， 常要用动名词形式。如：think about, worry about, be/get used to, look forward to, pay attention to等。如： We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制订新的计划。 We're looking forward to receiving your letter. 我们盼望收到你的来信。 其他带有动名词的常见结构： be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 spend time/money doing sth. 花时间/钱做某事　 have difficulty/problems/trouble/fun doing sth. 做某事有困难/乐趣 be worth doing sth 值得做某事 教材p39 解析： 1 答案：knocking，考查keeping doing 一直做某事 2 答案：to design 考查decide to do 决定做某事 3 答案：using/to use 考查love doing/to do 爱做某事 解析： 1 答案：to have，考查wish to do 希望做某事 2 答案：to do 考查decide to do 决定做某事 3 答案：to shake 考查start to do 开始做某事 4 答案：to make 考查want to do 想做某事 5 答案：to apply 考查hope to do 希望做某事 一、单项选择 1．—Tom, how cool your new hat is! How much did you ________ on it? —Not much. It ________ me only 20 yuan. A．pay; cost B．cost; spend C．take; cost D．spend; cost 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你的新帽子太酷了！你为此花了多少钱?  ——不多。它只花了我20元。 考查动词辨析。pay支付，常接for一起使用；cost花费，物作主语；take花费，物作主语；spend花费，人作主语。根据“How much did you…on it?”可知人作主语，第一空选spend，spend...on...表示“某物花费某人多少钱；根据“It ... me only 20 yuan.”可知，“It”指“your new hat”，此处应用cost。故选D。 2．—Could I ______ a dictionary from you, Paul? —Sorry, I ______ it to Mary yesterday. A．borrow; lend B．lend; borrowed C．borrow; lent D．lent; borrowed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——保罗，我可以向你借一本字典吗？——抱歉，我昨天借给玛丽了。 考查动词辨析。borrow借入；lend借出。borrow sb. sth.=borrow sth. from sb.表示“从某人处借某物”。lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.“借某物给某人”。空一表示“借一本字典”，符合短语borrow sth. from sb.，可排除BD选项；空二表示“把字典借出了”，符合短语lend sth. to sb.。且根据“yesterday”可知，空二用过去式。故选C。 3．—________ does a baby panda ________? —About 100 grams. A．How heavy; weight B．How much; weigh C．How many; weigh D．How much; weight 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——熊猫宝宝有多重？——大约100克。 考查特殊疑问句。how heavy多重；how much多少，对不可数名词的量进行提问；how many多少，对可数名词的数量进行提问；weight重量，名词；weigh重，动词。根据“About 100 grams.”可知，此处是对重量进行提问，提问物体的重量用“How much+did+主语+weigh”。故选B。 4．The children enjoyed ________ stories to the old people. A．tell B．telling C．told D．tells 【答案】B 【详解】句意：孩子们喜欢给老人讲故事。 考查动名词。enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”，固定搭配，空处用动名词形式。故选B。 5．— Help the ________ and ________ woman cross the street, will you? — With pleasure. A．elderly; blind B．disabled; the elder C．blind; a deaf D．disabled; an old 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——去帮助那个上了年纪的盲人过马路，好吗？——很乐意。 考查冠词和形容词。elderly上年纪的；blind瞎的；disabled残疾的；deaf聋的。根据句中woman可知，此处表示一个人，第二空前不用冠词修饰，the elderly and blind woman意为“上了年纪的盲人”，故选A。 6．There is ________ wrong with our fridge. We should ask Uncle Li to ________ it. A．something; fix B．anything; lend C．something; borrow D．anything; buy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的冰箱坏了。我们应该让李叔叔来修。 考查不定代词的用法及动词辨析。something某事，用在肯定句中；anything任何事，用在否定句或疑问句中。fix修理；lend借出；borrow借；buy买。There is something wrong“出了什么问题”，故排除B、D项。冰箱出了问题应该是找人来修理，所以第二空用fix。故选A。 7．Ted’s father is a famous ________. He ________ many modern tools so far. A．invention; invents B．inventor; has invented C．invention; invented D．inventor; invents 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Ted的爸爸是有名的发明家。他到目前为止发明了很多现代工具。 考查名词和动词用法。invention发明；inventor发明家；invent发明，动词。第一个空“a”后接可数名词单数，主语是father，名词应该用inventor，根据“so far”可知， 第二句时态用现在完成时，谓语动词构成是has done。故选B。 8．—________ fun it is to read fantasy stories! —I agree. My favourite fantasy is “Ma Liang and the Magic Paintbrush”. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——读奇幻故事是多么有趣啊！——我同意。我最喜欢的奇幻小说是《马良与神笔》。 考查感叹句。此句为感叹句，中心词为不可数名词fun，用what引导。故选A。 9．They wish ________ their dream come true in the near future. A．making B．to make C．make D．will make 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们希望在不久的将来实现他们的梦想。 考查非谓语动词。wish to do sth.“希望做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故选B。 10．She decided ________ a new bike. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她决定买一辆新自行车。 考查动词不定式作宾语。根据“decided”可知考查decide to do sth“决定做某事”，故选C。 11．—It’s dangerous to swim in that river. —Yes, you are right. The government ________ people ________ swim in it recently. A．warned; don’t B．has warned; not to C．led; to not 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——在那条河里游泳很危险。 ——是的，你说得对。政府最近警告人们不要在里面游泳。 考查动词辨析、动词时态和非谓语动词。warned“警告”，过去式或过去分词；led“领导”，过去式或过去分词。根据“It’s dangerous to swim in that river.”可知，在那条河里游泳很危险，所以此处是指政府警告人们不要在那儿游泳，应用warn，排除C；再根据“recently”可知，句子时态应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，排除A；主语“The government”为第三人称单数，助动词用has，动词warn的过去分词为warned；warn sb. not to do sth.“警告某人不要做某事”，固定搭配，因此这里应用动词不定式的否定式。故选B。 12．My cousin is a(n) ________ boy and he always asks all kinds of strange questions. A．creative B．curious C．modest D．organized 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的表弟是个好奇的男孩，他总是问各种奇怪的问题。考查形容词辨析题。A. creative有创造性的；B. curious好奇的；C. modest谦虚的；D. organized有条理的。根据下文and he always asks all kinds of strange questions.，可知选B。 13．This morning, I went to school by bus. The bus was ______ slow ______I arrived late for school. A．too; that B．such; that C．so; that D．enough; to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天早上，我坐公共汽车去上学。公共汽车太慢了，我上学迟到了。 考查结果状语从句。such...that..如此……以至于，such修饰名词，that后跟从句；so…that如此……以至于，so修饰形容词/副词，that后跟从句；enough...to do sth.足够……做某事。根据“I arrived late for school”可知，公交车太慢导致迟到了，slow为形容词可知，此处用so…that引导结果状语从句。故选C。 14．—Mary, our team won the soccer competition! I scored two goals ________ during the competition. — ________ to you on your success. A．in person; Best wishes B．in the end; Good luck C．in a row; Congratulations D．in a rush; Pay attention 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——玛丽，我们队赢得了足球比赛！我在比赛中连续进了两个球。——祝贺你成功。 考查介词短语辨析和情景交际。in person亲自；in the end最后；in a row连续；in a rush急忙地；Best wishes最美好的祝愿；Good luck祝你好运；Congratulations祝贺；Pay attention专心。结合选项和“I scored two goals”可知，此处表示连续进了两个球，介词短语in a row符合语境；根据“our team won the soccer competition! I scored two goals...”可知，此处应表示祝贺对方，所以第二空应选Congratulations。故选C。 15．Teachers’ Day is coming. I would like ________ some flowers for our English teacher. A．buy B．buys C．to buy D．buying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：教师节即将来到，我想要买一些花给我们的英语老师。 考查非谓语动词。would like to do sth.想要做某事，这里需用动词不定式to buy。故选C。 16．Mike offered ______ Mary to carry her suitcase, but Mary said she could manage it herself. A．to help B．help C．helping D．helped 【答案】A 【详解】句意：迈克主动提出帮玛丽提行李箱，但玛丽说她自己能拿。 考查非谓语动词。offer to do something“提出做某事”，空处填动词不定式作宾语。故选A。 17．I really hope ________a good high school to get further education. A．enter B．entered C．entering D．to enter 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我真的很希望进入一所好的高中接受进一步的教育。 考查非谓语。hope to do sth希望做某事，动词不定式作宾语。故选D。 18．The visitors are looking forward to ________ Beijing Opera at Haidian Theater. A．watch B．watches C．watching D．watched 【答案】C 【详解】句意：游客们期待着在海淀剧院观看京剧。    考查非谓语动词。look forward to中的to是介词，后接动名词。故选C。 19．The story Yu Gong Moves the Mountains tells us not to give up _______ hard. Remember, anything is possible if you work hard. A．work B．to work C．working D．worked 【答案】C 【详解】句意：《愚公移山》的故事告诉我们不要放弃努力。记住，只要努力，一切皆有可能。 考查非谓语。give up doing sth“放弃做某事”，此处用动名词作宾语。故选C。 20．—Jack! The floor is so dirty! —Oh. Sorry, Mum. I can’t help ________ it because I am too busy. A．clean B．cleaning C．cleaned D．cleans 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——杰克！地板太脏了！——哦。对不起，妈妈。我不能帮忙打扫，因为我太忙了。 考查非谓语。根据“I can’t help…it because I am too busy.”可知， help (to) do sth.“帮忙做某事”，固定搭配。故选A。 知识导图记忆 一、单词拼写 1．The (展览会) will take place on March 5th. 【答案】fair 【详解】句意：展览会将在3月5日举行。名词fair表示“展览会”，此处应用其单数形式。故填fair。 2．Luckily, weather (条件) are good for climbing mountains today. 【答案】conditions 【详解】句意：幸运的是，今天的天气条件适合爬山。根据汉语提示可知，空格处需填写condition“条件”，为可数名词；根据are可知，空格处需用复数形式。故填conditions。 3．Are they any closer to understanding how the (大脑) works? 【答案】brain 【详解】句意：他们对大脑的工作原理有更进一步的了解吗？brain“大脑”，名词。结合“the…works”可知，此处应用其名词单数形式，作宾语从句中的主语。故填brain。 4．I often (下载) English songs from the Internet. 【答案】download 【详解】句意：我经常从网上下载英语歌曲。download“下载”，动词，作谓语；根据“often”可知，时态是一般现在时，主语“I”是第一人称，谓语动词用原形。故填download。 5．My parents don’t (允许) me to go out alone at night. 【答案】allow 【详解】句意：我的父母不允许我晚上独自外出。allow“允许”，动词，allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，动词短语。“don’t”后接动词原形。故填allow。 6．There is a (新闻报道) about animals on TV. 【答案】report 【详解】句意：电视上有一篇关于动物的新闻报道。report“新闻报道”，名词。结合提示词和题干可知，不定冠词a修饰可数名词单数report，短语a report about animals表示“一篇关于动物的新闻报道”。故填report。 7．The boy is (盲的) in the right eye, so he sees only with his left eye. 【答案】blind 【详解】句意：这个男孩右眼失明，所以他只能用左眼看东西。根据汉语提示可知，此处为blind“盲的”，在句中作表语。故填blind。 8．He regrets not (警告) them of the danger. 【答案】warning 【详解】句意：他后悔没有警告他们有危险。警告：warn；regret not doing sth.“后悔没做某事”，符合语境。故填warning。 9．As far as I know, there are no other man-made (物体) as big as this. 【答案】objects 【详解】句意：据我所知，再没有比这更大的人造物体了。“物体”object，可数名词；other后跟名词复数形式，故填objects。 10．The travelers were all hungry and they went into a restaurant (在附近). 【答案】nearby 【详解】句意：旅行者们都饿了，他们进了一家附近的餐馆。根据汉语提示可知此处应用副词“nearby”，表示地点。故填nearby。 11．There are more (广告) on TV now. I don’t like watching TV. 【答案】advertisements 【详解】句意：现在电视上的广告更多了。我不喜欢看电视。advertisement“广告”，由“more”可知，空处用名词复数形式。故填advertisements。 12．This is Anna’s (日常的) life. 【答案】daily/everyday 【详解】句意：这就是安娜的日常生活。“”日常的”可以表示为daily或everyday。故填daily/everyday。 13．There was a lot of (闪电) in the sky during the thunderstorm. It was very bright. 【答案】lightning 【详解】句意：雷雨期间天空中有很多闪电。非常明亮。lightning“闪电”，不可数名词，故填lightning。 14．The man is seen as one of the (先驱) of modern science. 【答案】pioneers 【详解】句意：这个人被认为是现代科学的先驱之一。“先驱”的英文表达是pioneer，名词，结合“one of+可数名词复数形式”结构可知，空处应填pioneer的复数形式，故填pioneers。 15．She is running (向，朝) me. 【答案】towards 【详解】句意：她正朝着我跑过来。“向，朝”对应的介词为“towards”，在句中作状语，修饰动词“running”，表示动作的方向。故填towards。 16．The modern (invent) have changed our life greatly. 【答案】inventions 【详解】句意：现代发明极大地改变了我们的生活。根据“have changed our life greatly”及所给词可知，是指现代发明改变了我们的生活，由“have”可知，用名词复数inventions“发明”作主语。故填inventions。 17．We don’t think having little for breakfast is a good way to lose (weigh) 【答案】weight 【详解】句意：我们不认为早餐吃得少是减肥的好方法。lose weight意为“减肥”，动词短语。故填weight。 18．The art teacher encouraged us to be (create) and make our own works. 【答案】creative 【详解】句意：美术老师鼓励我们发挥创造力，创作自己的作品。根据“be”可知，此处用形容词作表语，create的形容词是creative“有创造力的”。故填creative。 19．How to use safely has become general knowledge in our class. (electric) 【答案】electricity 【详解】句意：如何安全用电已成为我们班的常识。electric“电的”，形容词，此处需将形容词electric变为名词electricity“电能，电力。electricity safety“电气安全”，固定搭配。故填electricity。 20．Come on. Let us go out into the wide world for (explore)! 【答案】exploration 【详解】句意：来吧。让我们到广阔的世界去探索。由于“for”是介词，后接名词，此空用名词形式，explore名词为“exploration”，表示“探索”。故填exploration。 21．His (fail) in the math test made him very sad. 【答案】failure 【详解】句意：他在数学考试中的失利让他非常难过。fail“失败，不及格”，动词，又结合“His…in the math test”可知，此处指他在数学考试中的“失利”，应用其对应的名词形式failure作主语。故填failure。 22．Thomas Edison was a famous (invent) who invented many useful things, like the light bulb. 【答案】inventor 【详解】句意：托马斯·爱迪生是一位著名的发明家，他发明了许多有用的东西，比如电灯泡。invent是动词，意为“发明”；这里需要一个名词表示“发明家”，inventor是名词，意为“发明家”，符合语境。故填inventor。 23．With her vivid (imagine), she was able to make the stories (imagine). 【答案】 imagination imaginative 【详解】句意：凭借她生动的想象力，她能够使故事富有想象力。根据“her”可知，第一空需要填入名词，imagination“想象力”。make sth+形容词“使……”，这里需要填入形容词，imaginative“富有想象力的”，形容词作宾语补足语。故填imagination；imaginative。 24．—I have trouble (speak) English, Mr Lee. —Why not go to the English Corner and try to talk with others? 【答案】speaking 【详解】句意：——李先生，我说英语有困难。——为什么不去英语角试着和别人交流呢？根据“I have trouble…(speak) English, Mr Lee.”可知，此处为固定短语have trouble (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”，应用speak的动名词形式。故填speaking。 25．I’m sorry. I forgot (do) my homework. May I hand it in this afternoon? 【答案】to do 【详解】句意：抱歉，我忘记做作业了。可以今天下午交吗？根据“May I hand it in this afternoon?”可知，是忘记做作业了，forget to do sth“忘记做某事”，表示事情未做，因此填不定式作宾语。故填to do。 26．The girl wants (keep) the phone in the locker. 【答案】to keep 【详解】句意：女孩想把手机放在储物柜里。根据want to do sth.“想要做某事”可知，此处应填不定式to keep。故填to keep。 27．When summer comes, many visitors can’t wait (set) off for Xuyi to enjoy the delicious crayfish (小龙虾). 【答案】to set 【详解】句意：当夏天来临时，许多游客迫不及待地出发去盱眙品尝美味的小龙虾。set off“出发”。can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”，因此用动词不定式。故填to set。 28．He promised (tell) me the truth, but he didn’t. 【答案】to tell 【详解】句意：他承诺告诉我真相，但他没有做到。promise to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“承诺做某事；答应做某事”，此处需要用动词不定式形式。故填to tell。 29．Would you like (mop) the floor for me, Li Lei? 【答案】to mop 【详解】句意：你想帮我拖地吗，李磊？根据题意可知，would like to do sth“愿意干某事”，固定短语。故填to mop。 30．What about in the park this evening? (jog) 【答案】jogging 【详解】句意：今晚在公园里慢跑怎么样？jog“慢跑”，动词，What about后需接动名词形式，表示建议。故填jogging。 31．I’ll never forget (hear) this piece of music for the first time. 【答案】hearing 【详解】句意：我永远不会忘记第一次听到这首音乐的情景。“forget doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“忘记做过某事（已做过）”，“hear”的动名词形式是“hearing”，故填hearing。 32．She’d like to stay at home instead of (go) to the movies. 【答案】going 【详解】句意：她宁愿待在家里，也不愿去看电影。instead of doing“代替做某事”，固定搭配，介词of后面加动名词。故填going。 33．You should keep (try) and never give up. 【答案】trying 【详解】句意：你应该不断尝试，永不放弃。“keep doing sth.”意为“持续做某事”，强调动作的持续性。空格处需填动词-ing形式，在句子中作宾语，表示持续尝试的状态。故填trying。 34．The boy went to the school hurriedly without (eat) breakfast. 【答案】eating 【详解】句意：这个男孩没吃早饭就匆匆去上学了。根据“without”可知，介词后加动名词作宾语。故填eating。 35．The news may be (expect), but it is true. 【答案】unexpected 【详解】句意：这个消息可能是出乎意料的，但它是真的。“be”动词后面需要接形容词作表语。“but”表示转折，说明前后情况相反，根据“it is true”，前面是说消息是让人觉得意外的。“unexpected”表示“出乎意料的”，故填unexpected。 二、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在每小题的三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并将答案写在答题卡上对应题目的位置上。 WeChat (微信) is becoming 36 with people in China. No matter where we are, we can send words or voice messages to 37 friends. We can also find strangers to talk to by shaking the phones. 38 funny function (功能) is that WeChat can help search for people nearby. Many people like this function 39 it can help them make more friends. In my opinion, WeChat is really a useful tool. It 40 help us talk and share ideas with our friends easily. However, it is also bad for people, especially students. As we know, some people use WeChat 41 a long time. It is not healthy for them. So I have some 42 to use it in a correct way. 43 , we should not use it when we are studying. We can’t focus (集中) on our study if we use it. Second, we must be careful. We should not show too much personal information (个人信息) to strangers. In a word, we should learn how 44 it properly (合适地). If we 45 it too much, we’ll waste a lot of time. Remember, WeChat is not everything in our life. 36．A．popular B．more popular C．much popular 37．A．we B．us C．our 38．A．Others B．The other C．Another 39．A．because B．if C．so 40．A．must B．should C．can 41．A．on B．for C．in 42．A．advice B．advices C．advice’s 43．A．One B．The first C．First 44．A．used B．use C．to use 45．A．depend on B．depended on C．will depend on 【答案】 36．A 37．C 38．C 39．A 40．C 41．B 42．A 43．C 44．C 45．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了微信的利与害，然后提出几点建议如何合理的使用微信。 36．句意：微信在中国变得受欢迎。 popular受欢迎的；more popular更受欢迎的；much popular错误表达。根据“WeChat (微信) is becoming”可知，微信正变得受欢迎，此处没比较。故选A。 37．句意：无论我们在哪里，我们都可以发送文字或语音信息给我们的朋友。 we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。根据“friends”可知，此处填形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故选C。 38．句意：另一个有趣的功能是微信可以帮助搜索附近的人。 Others其他人，泛指；The other其他的，特指；Another另一，再一。根据前文“No matter where we are, we can send words...find strangers to talk to by shaking the phones.”可知，除了前文这些功能另外有趣的一项功能是微信能够帮助寻找附近的人们，因此填Another用于三者或三者以上的另外一个。故选C。 39．句意：许多人喜欢这个功能，因为它可以帮助他们结交更多的朋友。 because因为；if如果；so因此。根据“it can help them make more friends”可知，这是人们喜欢的原因，because引导原因状语从句。故选A。 40．句意：它可以帮助我们轻松地与朋友交谈和分享想法。 must必须；should应该；can可以。根据“help us talk and share ideas with our friends easily”可知，此处表示“能力”，用can。故选C。 41．句意：正如我们所知，有些人长时间使用微信。 on不能接时间段；for+时间段表示动作持续了一段时间；in+时间段表将来。根据后面短语“a long time”可知，此处表示“持续一段时间”，用介词for引导。故选B。 42．句意：所以我有一些以正确方式使用它的建议。 advice建议；advices错误表达；advice’s建议的。根据“some”可知，此处填名词复数或不可数名词，advice是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故选A。 43．句意：首先，我们不应该在学习的时候使用它。 One一；The first第一；First首先。根据后面“Second”可知，此处用副词First。故选C。 44．句意：总之，我们应该学会如何正确地使用它。 used使用，过去式；use使用，动词原形；to use使用，不定式。根据“we should learn how”可知，考查“疑问词+不定式”，故选C。 45．句意：如果我们太依赖它，我们会浪费很多时间。 depend on依靠，一般现在时；depended on依靠，一般过去时；will depended on依靠，一般将来时。该句为if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时。故选A。 三、完形填空 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In the movie Terminator (终结者) 2, a robot impressed everyone. It had a strong body and could change its 46 . It could turn into liquid and then back to solid. Now, scientists from China and the US are making this idea real! They 47 a tiny metal robot that can change its shape just like in the movie. The robot 48 a special metal called gallium (镓) that melts at 29.8℃. At room temperature (25℃), it’s solid. But 49 heated, it becomes liquid! Scientists added small magnetic materials to it. Using magnets (磁铁), they can 50 its movement. The robot can pass through 51 spaces by melting into liquid. Then it became solid again outside. In a video, it can get out of a cage easily using this trick by 52 into liquid. It can even climb walls or jump over gaps. Scientists got this idea from sea cucumbers—ocean animals that can 53 their body hardness to protect themselves. This robot could help 54 in the future. It might travel inside our bodies to fix 55 , like cleaning blocked blood vessels. Imagine a robot that can “melt” through tight spaces and help save lives! 46．A．role B．size C．value D．shape 47．A．ordered B．created C．chose D．became 48．A．is designed by B．is shared with C．is made of D．is collected from 49．A．when B．what C．where D．why 50．A．continue B．accept C．control D．promise 51．A．public B．narrow C．large D．green 52．A．walking B．looking C．moving D．turning 53．A．keep B．change C．cover D．show 54．A．painters B．workers C．doctors D．teachers 55．A．numbers B．memories C．subjects D．problems 【答案】 46．D 47．B 48．C 49．A 50．C 51．B 52．D 53．B 54．C 55．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中美科学家研发的一种新型金属机器人，这种机器人可以像电影《终结者2》中的机器人一样改变形状，并具有在液态和固态之间转换的能力，未来可能应用于医疗领域。 46．句意：它有一个强壮的身体，可以改变它的形状。 role角色；size大小；value价值；shape形状，形态。根据“It could turn into liquid and then back to solid”可知机器人能改变形态，故选D。 47．句意：他们创造了一个可以像电影中一样改变形态的小型金属机器人。 ordered订购；created创造；chose选择；became成为。根据“making this idea real”可知科学家将想法变为现实，应是创造了一个这样的机器人。故选B。 48．句意：这个机器人由一种叫做镓的特殊金属制成。 is designed by由……设计；is shared with与……共享；is made of由……制成；is collected from从……收集。根据“a special metal called gallium (稼)”可知是说明材料构成，故选C。 49．句意：但在加热时，它会变成液体！ when当……时；what什么；where哪里；why为什么。根据“But…heated, it becomes liquid”可知加热的时候，镓会融化为液体，故选A。 50．句意：使用磁铁，他们可以控制它的运动。 continue继续；accept接受；control控制；promise承诺。根据“Using magnets (磁铁)…they can…its movement”可知磁铁用于操控，故选C。 51．句意：机器人可以通过融化成液体穿过狭窄空间。 public公共的；narrow狭窄的；large大的；green绿色的。根据“pass through…space”和“melt into liquid”可知强调狭小空间，故选B。 52．句意：在一段视频中，利用这个技巧，通过变成液体，它可以轻松地从笼子里出来。 walking行走；looking看；moving移动；turning变成。根据“by…into liquid”可知此处是表示形态的转变，故选D。 53．句意：科学家们从海参身上得到了这个想法——一种海洋动物，可以改变身体硬度来保护自己。 keep保持；change改变；cover覆盖；show展示。根据“can…their body hardness”此处是对应前文机器人变形能力，海参可以改变身体硬度，故选B。 54．句意：这种机器人未来可以帮助医生。 painters画家；workers工人；doctors医生；teachers教师。根据“travel inside our bodies to fix…”可知指的是医疗场景，故选C。 55．句意：它可能进入人体内修复问题，比如清洁堵塞的血管。 numbers数字；memories记忆；subjects科目；problems问题。根据“cleaning blocked blood vessels”可知解决健康问题，故选D。 四、阅读理解 A Unitree Robots: Dancing with Tradition Unitree Robotics (宇树科技) is a Chinese tech company started by Wang Xingxing in 2016. In 2025, its robot named H1 did something special. At the CCTV Spring Festival Gala (央视春晚),16 H1 robots performed “Yangko” (秧歌), a traditional Chinese dance. Using red scarves, they moved like human dancers and their steps perfectly followed folk music. This dance showed that robots can protect cultural treasures while showing new technology. From Toy Parts to Tech Star Wang has loved robots since childhood. At 14, he built his first walking robot using toy car wheels and old watch batteries (电池). Though it could only take three steps before falling, this experience taught him to keep on. In 2013, he created X Dog—a dog-shaped robot that could run faster than real animals. Robots with Heart Last year, 200 library robots read stories to children in hospitals. Now, Unitree robots work across China—factory robots check dangerous equipment (设备), school robots teach in classes, and home robots like Go 2 even take pet dogs for walks. The newest robots also help people with disabilities. Guide robots can lead blind people through busy streets. “Technology should make life warmer,” Wang says. Simple Tech, Big Dreams These robots use easy-to-understand technology. Special cameras act as their eyes, while computer programs help them learn. For example, to make Yangko dance, robots watched human dancers 500 times! In 2023, 70% of four-legged robots were Unitree models in the world. Wang encourages students, “I failed English tests but never gave up on robots. Don’t let weaknesses stop your dreams!” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 56．What does “Yangko dance” show? A．Dancing needs expensive robots. B．Technology can protect traditions. C．Old music sounds better than modern one. D．Robots will take the place of human dancers. 57．What can robots do now according to the passage? ①Help disabled people. ②Give classes in schools. ③Read stories in hospitals. ④Play with different kinds of balls. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 58．The underlined word “failed” means “__________” in English. A．didn’t consider B．didn’t check C．didn’t pass D．didn’t achieve 59．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s hard to train robots. B．Unitree Robotics was set up in 2025. C．Wang Xingxing’s first robot walked many steps. D．Wang Xingxing’s love for robots led him to success. 60．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To tell students to follow their dreams. B．To introduce the world’s most amazing robots. C．To encourage students to develop new technology. D．To remind students to work hard on school subjects. 【答案】56．B 57．A 58．C 59．D 60．A 【导语】本文讲述了宇树科技创始人王兴兴从童年自制机器人到创业的经历，以及他的成功对年轻人的启示。 56．细节理解题。根据“This dance showed that robots can protect cultural treasures while showing new technology.”可知，这段舞蹈表明，机器人在展示新技术的同时能保护文化遗产。故选B。 57．细节理解题。根据“Guide robots can lead blind people through busy streets.”可知，导盲机器人可引导盲人；根据“school robots teach in classes,”可知，学校机器人在课堂授课；根据“Last year, 200 library robots read stories to children in hospitals.”可知，200个图书馆机器人在医院为孩子读故事，故选A。 58．词句猜测题。根据“I failed English tests but never gave up on robots. Don’t let weaknesses stop your dreams!”可知，这一句是是说“我英语考试不及格，但从未放弃过机器人。不要让弱点阻止你的梦想”，因此“failed” 在此意为“未通过考试”，与“didn’t pass”同义。故选C。 59．推理判断题。根据“Wang has loved robots since childhood. At 14, he built his first walking robot using toy car wheels and old watch batteries (电池).”以及他鼓励年轻人说的“I failed English tests but never gave up on robots. Don’t let weaknesses stop your dreams!”可知，原文描述他从小热爱机器人，坚持创造，最终成功，故选D。 60．推理判断题。根据“I failed English tests but never gave up on robots. Don’t let weaknesses stop your dreams!”可知，文章的目的是鼓励学生勇敢追梦，故选A。 B Artificial Intelligence, or Al, is a really cool technology that tries to copy how people think and do things. It’s becoming a big part of our lives, making things better in the world. ________ For example, you might have seen virtual assistants (虚拟助手) like Siri or Alexa on your phone or smart speaker. They use AI to answer questions, make plans, and play music. One of the best things about AI is that it can do many things on its own, which saves time and makes things work better. In business, AI tools help analyze lots of data (分析大量数据) quickly and give useful information to help companies succeed. AI isn’t just for business. For example, AI can help doctors diagnose (诊断) illnesses more rightly and quickly. It can also help banks tell fake money (假币) and stop some bad people taking away money. On the roads, AI can analyze information in real time to make traffic better. Although AI is very useful, it also brings some problems, like making people lose their jobs. So we must work hard to make sure AI is used in good ways and doesn’t hurt anyone. As AI grows and changes, it can make life simpler and bring us all closer together. Enjoying AI means we get to use smart machines that help us make a smarter and cooler world. Everything is possible. As we continue to develop Al, we’ll see even more amazing things that will improve our lives. 61．Which of the following can we put into the blank? A．AI will be more important than humans. B．AI mainly does some dangerous jobs. C．AI does lots of different things in our lives. D．AI will change the way we live in the future. 62．Which of the following best shows the good thing about AI according to Para 3? A．AI lets people no longer work hard every day. B．AI does things by itself faster and better. C．AI makes people smarter and smarter. D．AI makes traffic better with the help of a traffic police. 63．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．AI’s wide use. B．The future of AI. C．Problems of AI. D．The relationship between humans and AI. 64．How does the writer like AI? A．Cheap but useless. B．Common but expensive. C．Useful but not common. D．Helpful but not perfect. 65．What’s the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce the history of AI. B．To discuss the good and bad points of AI. C．To say we shouldn’t use AI in many places. D．To provide a way to solve the problems of AI. 【答案】61．C 62．B 63．A 64．D 65．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能（AI）在我们生活中越来越广泛的应用，以及它带来的好处和问题，强调了人工智能的有用性和重要性，同时也提醒人们要正确使用它。 61．推理判断题。根据空后“For example, you might have seen virtual assistants (虚拟助手) like Siri or Alexa on your phone or smart speaker. They use AI to answer questions, make plans, and play music.”可知，此处举例说明人工智能在生活中可以做很多不同的事情，选项C“人工智能在我们的生活中做了很多不同的事情”符合语境。故选C。 62．细节理解题。根据第三段“One of the best things about AI is that it can do many things on its own, which saves time and makes things work better.”可知，人工智能最好的一点是它可以自己做很多事情，这节省了时间，使事情运转得更好，选项B“人工智能自己做事情更快更好”符合语境。故选B。 63．推理判断题。根据第四段“AI isn’t just for business. For example, AI can help doctors diagnose (诊断) illnesses more rightly and quickly. It can also help banks tell fake money (假币) and stop some bad people taking away money. On the roads, AI can analyze information in real time to make traffic better.”可知，本段主要介绍了人工智能在商业、医疗、银行和交通等方面的广泛应用，选项A“人工智能的广泛应用”符合语境。故选A。 64．推理判断题。根据第五段“Although AI is very useful, it also brings some problems, like making people lose their jobs.”以及最后一段“As AI grows and changes, it can make life simpler and bring us all closer together.”可知，作者认为人工智能很有用，但也带来了一些问题，说明作者认为人工智能是有帮助但不完美的，选项D“有帮助但不完美”符合语境。故选D。 65．主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了人工智能的优点和缺点，选项B“讨论人工智能的优缺点”符合语境。故选B。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第03讲 Unit 3（知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 一、重点单词、短语梳理 单词 fair n.展览会 blind adj.盲的，失明的 lightning n. 闪电 block n.一块（指木头、石头等有直边的硬物） machine n.机器 pioneer n.先驱，先锋，创始人 artificial adj.人造的，人工的 warn v.警告，告诫；提醒 exploration n.探索；探险； condition n.健康情况 object n．物体 test v.验证；检验 cost v．价格为，需支付（某一数量的钱） sense v.检测并记录 despite prep.尽管，虽然，任凭 lend v.帮助（某人）做事（尤指需要体力的事）；（给某人）搭把手 nearby adv.附近 curiosity n.好奇心 printer n．（与计算机连接的）打印机 congratulation n.恭喜，祝贺 future adj.将来的，未来的 invent v.发明，创造 advertisement n．广告；启事 failure n.失败 brain n.脑，大脑 everyday adj.日常的；平常的； explorer n.探险者，勘察者 weigh／wei／v.重，重量是······ trouble v.使忧虑，使苦恼 risk n.冒险举动 kilogram／＇kiləgræm／n.千克，公斤 creative／kri＇ertiv／adj.（人）有创造力的 drive v.促使（某人做某事） fix v.解决（问题） imaginative adj．富有想象力 towards prep.朝，向， invention n.发明（物）（如机器、工具、仪器等） inventor n. 发明家 spend v.度过，花（时间） download v.下载(信息或程序) quality n. 品性 earthquake n．地震 allow v.允许，容许，准许 glue n. 胶水 keyhole n.锁眼，钥匙孔 report n.新闻报道 talent n. 天资，天赋 apply v.应用，运用 electricity n. 电 词形变化 block n.→blocked adj.堵住的 invention n.→invent v.发明→inventor n.发明家 congratulation n.→congratulate v.祝贺 completely adv.→complete adj.完整的；完全的→completion n.完成；结束 unexpected adj.→expect v.预料；期待→expectation n.预期；盼望→expected adj.预料的 weigh v.→weight n. 重量 imagine v.→imaginative adj. 有想象力的 重点短语 out of 由……制成 blow sb．away 使某人大为惊讶 lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 enjoy doing 享受做某事 be curious about 对…..感到好奇 ice lolly 冰棍，冰棒 what’s worse 更糟糕的是 lightning rod 避雷针 2、 核心考点精讲 考点1 He built it out of plastic blocks and fishing line.他是用塑料积木和钓鱼线制作的 out of 由……制成，用……做成 We built the hen house out of wood.我们用木头搭建了这个鸡舍。 out of构成的相关短语： out of business停业；歇业 out of work失业 out of breath喘不上气 out of order出故障 考点2 Her artificial arm was just a simple hook, but it cost $80,000.她的假肢只是一个简单的钩子，却花费了8万美元。（教材P36） 辨析：四朵金“花” spend spend 的主语必须是人， sb spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。sb spend time ／ money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。 cost cost的主语是物或某种活动，sth. costs (sb.) ＋金钱, 某物花了（某人）多少钱. 注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。 take take 主语为物或it. It takes sb. ＋时间＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。doing sth. takes sb.＋时间,做某事花了某人多少时间 pay pay 主语为人 sb pay money for sth. 付钱买…… 考点3 What’s worse, children like her grow quickly and need new arms all the time.更糟糕的是，像她这样的 孩子长得快，经常需要新的假肢。（教材P36） what’s worse 更糟糕的是，用来引出一个更加糟糕或严重的情况，通常用来加重语气，强调比较。 It’s raining, and what’s worse, I left my umbrella at home.天下起了雨，更糟糕的是，我把伞忘在家里了。 考点4 “It blew me away! I built my arm for only $300,” thought Easton. “这让我大吃一惊！我只花了 300 美元 就造出了假肢。”伊斯顿心想。（教材P37） blow sb. away 使某人大吃一惊；（尤指比赛中）彻底击败 It just blows me away that everyone is so friendly here.我真是惊讶极了，这里的每一个人都如此友好。 考点5 I must lend a hand to people like her.我一定要帮助像她这样的人。（教材P37） lend /lend/ v. 帮助（某人）做事（尤指需要体力的事）；（给某人）搭把手 lend sb. a（helping）hand/ lend a（helping）hand to sb.帮助某人，向某人伸出援手 He was always glad to lend a helping hand.他总是乐于施以援手。 ［动词］借给；借出，对应词为borrow “借入；借来”。 lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 I lent my favourite book to Mary. = I lent Mary my favourite book.我把自己最喜欢的书借给了玛丽。 考点6 It was able to move with brain signals of the user. But it wasn’t good enough yet: the arm weighed 3.6 kilograms.它能随着使用者的大脑发出的信号移动。但它还不够好：这一假肢重达3.6千克。（教材P37） brain /breɪn/ n. 脑，大脑，智力；脑力 weigh /weɪ/ v. 重，重量是…… 对重量提问常用“How much do/does...weigh?” “What do/does...weigh?”或“How heavy is/are...?”。 How much/What do you weigh?/How heavy are you? 你的体重是多少？ weight n. 重量；分量 put on/gain weight增加体重 lose weight减重 考点7 He enjoyed fixing problems one after another.他对解决一个又一个问题乐此不疲。（教材P37） fix /fɪks/ v. 解决（问题），修理 My friend is very confident that she can help me fix the problem.我朋友非常自信她能够帮我解决这个问题 enjoy doing sth 享受做某事 I enjoy playing chess with my brother. 我很享受和弟弟一起下围棋。 考点8 What a helping hand!多大的帮助啊！（教材P37） 本句结构为：What+a/an（+形容词）+单数名词！ What a beautiful garden!多么漂亮的花园啊！ What a surprise！真是没料到的事！ 考点9 They wished to have a smart machine to warn them about the objects in their way, so Shantanu decided to do something to help.他们希望有一台智能机器来提醒他们前方路上的障碍物，于是Shantanu决定做点什么来帮忙。（教材P39） warn 用法： 考点10 How does the problem trouble you?这个问题给你带来了什么困扰？（教材P40） trouble /ˈtrʌbəl/ v. 使忧虑，使苦恼 This latest news troubled him deeply.这个最新消息使他深为烦恼。 ［不可数名词］麻烦；困境 be in trouble 遇到麻烦;处于困难中 get/run into trouble陷入困境 have trouble（in）doing sth. 做某事有麻烦/困难 考点11 UNEXPECTED INVENTIONS意想不到的发明（教材P42） unexpected /ˌʌnɪkˈspektɪd/ adj.想不到的 unexpected adj.→expect v.预料；期待→expectation n.预期；盼望→expected adj.预料的 考点12 I have no special talents. I am only passionately curious.我没有什么特殊才能。 我只有强烈的好奇心。 （教材P44） talent /ˈtælənt/ n.天资，天赋，才能 have/show a talent/gift for...在……方面有天赋 talented ［形容词］有才能的;天才的 He is a talented player.他是一位天才运动员。 考点13 He was so curious about space that he invented a “flying chair”! He lost his life while testing this invention.他对太空非常好奇，甚至发明了一个“飞椅”！他在试验这项发明时丧生。（教材P44） be curious about对……感到好奇, 后可接名词、代词、动词-ing或从句。其中curious为形容词，意为“好奇的”，其名词形式为curiosity“好奇心”。 so…that。。如此。。以致于…引导结果状语从句 结果状语从句的引导词有so / such … that … 等。 （1）区分两种句式： ① so+adj./ adv.+that … ②such+(a / an)+adj.+n.+that … 如：Tom is so clever that he learns Chinese well.=Tom is such a clever boy that he learns Chinese well. 汤姆如此聪明，语文学得很好。 （2）注意：当名词前有much，many，little，few等词修饰时，只能用so。 如：You can’t spend so much time on computer games.你不能花这么多时间在网络游戏上。 考点14 Despite the failure, his curiosity gave future explorers ideas. 尽管失败了，但他的好奇心为后来的探 索者提供了灵感。（教材P44） despite /dɪˈspaɪt/ prep. 尽管，虽然，任凭，用于表示让步或对比关系，后面常跟名词、代词或动词-ing形式,不能接句子。与in spite of 同义。 Despite the rain, we went out for a walk.尽管下雨，我们还是出去散步了。 failure /ˈfeɪljə/ n.失败 fail v. 失败 考点15 But curiosity is more than just taking risks.但好奇心不仅仅是冒险。（教材P45） risk /rɪsk/ n.冒险举动 ［动词］冒……的危险；冒险做；使冒风险 take risks/take a risk冒险 the risk of...……的风险 at risk处境危险,受到威胁 risk one’s life冒着生命危险 risk doing sth.冒险做某事 Grammar单元语法：动词不定式和动名词作宾语 动词不定式作宾语 （1）接不定式作宾语的动词（“动词+to do” 结构）常见的有： learn 学会 plan 计划 decide 决定 try 尽力 choose 选择 agree 同意 refuse 拒绝 pretend 假装 offer 主动 would like / want 想要 expect 期望 hope / wish 希望 promise 承诺 afford 负担得起 prefer 喜欢 help 帮助(help to do / help do) like 喜欢(like to do / doing) continue 继续(continue to do / doing) begin / start 开始(begin / start to do / doing) 如：I would like to have a sandwich. 我想要吃一个三明治。 （2）动词不定式作宾语，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式宾语。 如：We found it difficult to understand what you said. 我们发现很难理解你所说的话。 （3）有的动词在不定式前可加上疑问词（who，what，which等）作宾语（即“动词+疑问词+to do” 结构），常见的有：show 表明、指示；know 知道；tell 告诉；teach 教；learn 学习；decide 决定。 如：Larry didn’t know how to tell her the bad news. 拉里不知道如何告诉她这个坏消息。 动名词作宾语 ①作动词的宾语 某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语， 不能用不定式。常见的此类动词(词组)有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, enjoy, finish, keep, mind, practice, give up, feel like, suggest, consider, keep on, can't help(情不自禁)等。如： I have already finished reading this book. 我已经读完这本书了。 ②作介词的宾语 介词后如果接动词作宾语， 常要用动名词形式。如：think about, worry about, be/get used to, look forward to, pay attention to等。如： We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制订新的计划。 We're looking forward to receiving your letter. 我们盼望收到你的来信。 其他带有动名词的常见结构： be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 spend time/money doing sth. 花时间/钱做某事　 have difficulty/problems/trouble/fun doing sth. 做某事有困难/乐趣 be worth doing sth 值得做某事 教材p39 解析： 1 答案：knocking，考查keeping doing 一直做某事 2 答案：to design 考查decide to do 决定做某事 3 答案：using/to use 考查love doing/to do 爱做某事 解析： 1 答案：to have，考查wish to do 希望做某事 2 答案：to do 考查decide to do 决定做某事 3 答案：to shake 考查start to do 开始做某事 4 答案：to make 考查want to do 想做某事 5 答案：to apply 考查hope to do 希望做某事 一、单项选择 1．—Tom, how cool your new hat is! How much did you ________ on it? —Not much. It ________ me only 20 yuan. A．pay; cost B．cost; spend C．take; cost D．spend; cost 2．—Could I ______ a dictionary from you, Paul? —Sorry, I ______ it to Mary yesterday. A．borrow; lend B．lend; borrowed C．borrow; lent D．lent; borrowed 3．—________ does a baby panda ________? —About 100 grams. A．How heavy; weight B．How much; weigh C．How many; weigh D．How much; weight 4．The children enjoyed ________ stories to the old people. A．tell B．telling C．told D．tells 5．— Help the ________ and ________ woman cross the street, will you? — With pleasure. A．elderly; blind B．disabled; the elder C．blind; a deaf D．disabled; an old 6．There is ________ wrong with our fridge. We should ask Uncle Li to ________ it. A．something; fix B．anything; lend C．something; borrow D．anything; buy 7．Ted’s father is a famous ________. He ________ many modern tools so far. A．invention; invents B．inventor; has invented C．invention; invented D．inventor; invents 8．—________ fun it is to read fantasy stories! —I agree. My favourite fantasy is “Ma Liang and the Magic Paintbrush”. A．What B．What a C．How D．How a 9．They wish ________ their dream come true in the near future. A．making B．to make C．make D．will make 10．She decided ________ a new bike. A．buy B．buying C．to buy D．bought 11．—It’s dangerous to swim in that river. —Yes, you are right. The government ________ people ________ swim in it recently. A．warned; don’t B．has warned; not to C．led; to not 12．My cousin is a(n) ________ boy and he always asks all kinds of strange questions. A．creative B．curious C．modest D．organized 13．This morning, I went to school by bus. The bus was ______ slow ______I arrived late for school. A．too; that B．such; that C．so; that D．enough; to 14．—Mary, our team won the soccer competition! I scored two goals ________ during the competition. — ________ to you on your success. A．in person; Best wishes B．in the end; Good luck C．in a row; Congratulations D．in a rush; Pay attention 15．Teachers’ Day is coming. I would like ________ some flowers for our English teacher. A．buy B．buys C．to buy D．buying 16．Mike offered ______ Mary to carry her suitcase, but Mary said she could manage it herself. A．to help B．help C．helping D．helped 17．I really hope ________a good high school to get further education. A．enter B．entered C．entering D．to enter 18．The visitors are looking forward to ________ Beijing Opera at Haidian Theater. A．watch B．watches C．watching D．watched 19．The story Yu Gong Moves the Mountains tells us not to give up _______ hard. Remember, anything is possible if you work hard. A．work B．to work C．working D．worked 20．—Jack! The floor is so dirty! —Oh. Sorry, Mum. I can’t help ________ it because I am too busy. A．clean B．cleaning C．cleaned D．cleans 知识导图记忆 一、单词拼写 1．The (展览会) will take place on March 5th. 2．Luckily, weather (条件) are good for climbing mountains today. 3．Are they any closer to understanding how the (大脑) works? 4．I often (下载) English songs from the Internet. 5．My parents don’t (允许) me to go out alone at night. 6．There is a (新闻报道) about animals on TV. 7．The boy is (盲的) in the right eye, so he sees only with his left eye. 8．He regrets not (警告) them of the danger. 9．As far as I know, there are no other man-made (物体) as big as this. 10．The travelers were all hungry and they went into a restaurant (在附近). 11．There are more (广告) on TV now. I don’t like watching TV. 12．This is Anna’s (日常的) life. 13．There was a lot of (闪电) in the sky during the thunderstorm. It was very bright. 14．The man is seen as one of the (先驱) of modern science. 15．She is running (向，朝) me. 16．The modern (invent) have changed our life greatly. 17．We don’t think having little for breakfast is a good way to lose (weigh) 18．The art teacher encouraged us to be (create) and make our own works. 19．How to use safely has become general knowledge in our class. (electric) 20．Come on. Let us go out into the wide world for (explore)! 21．His (fail) in the math test made him very sad. 22．Thomas Edison was a famous (invent) who invented many useful things, like the light bulb. 23．With her vivid (imagine), she was able to make the stories (imagine). 24．—I have trouble (speak) English, Mr Lee. —Why not go to the English Corner and try to talk with others? 25．I’m sorry. I forgot (do) my homework. May I hand it in this afternoon? 26．The girl wants (keep) the phone in the locker. 27．When summer comes, many visitors can’t wait (set) off for Xuyi to enjoy the delicious crayfish (小龙虾). 28．He promised (tell) me the truth, but he didn’t. 29．Would you like (mop) the floor for me, Li Lei? 30．What about in the park this evening? (jog) 31．I’ll never forget (hear) this piece of music for the first time. 32．She’d like to stay at home instead of (go) to the movies. 33．You should keep (try) and never give up. 34．The boy went to the school hurriedly without (eat) breakfast. 35．The news may be (expect), but it is true. 二、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在每小题的三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，并将答案写在答题卡上对应题目的位置上。 WeChat (微信) is becoming 36 with people in China. No matter where we are, we can send words or voice messages to 37 friends. We can also find strangers to talk to by shaking the phones. 38 funny function (功能) is that WeChat can help search for people nearby. Many people like this function 39 it can help them make more friends. In my opinion, WeChat is really a useful tool. It 40 help us talk and share ideas with our friends easily. However, it is also bad for people, especially students. As we know, some people use WeChat 41 a long time. It is not healthy for them. So I have some 42 to use it in a correct way. 43 , we should not use it when we are studying. We can’t focus (集中) on our study if we use it. Second, we must be careful. We should not show too much personal information (个人信息) to strangers. In a word, we should learn how 44 it properly (合适地). If we 45 it too much, we’ll waste a lot of time. Remember, WeChat is not everything in our life. 36．A．popular B．more popular C．much popular 37．A．we B．us C．our 38．A．Others B．The other C．Another 39．A．because B．if C．so 40．A．must B．should C．can 41．A．on B．for C．in 42．A．advice B．advices C．advice’s 43．A．One B．The first C．First 44．A．used B．use C．to use 45．A．depend on B．depended on C．will depend on 三、完形填空 阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In the movie Terminator (终结者) 2, a robot impressed everyone. It had a strong body and could change its 46 . It could turn into liquid and then back to solid. Now, scientists from China and the US are making this idea real! They 47 a tiny metal robot that can change its shape just like in the movie. The robot 48 a special metal called gallium (镓) that melts at 29.8℃. At room temperature (25℃), it’s solid. But 49 heated, it becomes liquid! Scientists added small magnetic materials to it. Using magnets (磁铁), they can 50 its movement. The robot can pass through 51 spaces by melting into liquid. Then it became solid again outside. In a video, it can get out of a cage easily using this trick by 52 into liquid. It can even climb walls or jump over gaps. Scientists got this idea from sea cucumbers—ocean animals that can 53 their body hardness to protect themselves. This robot could help 54 in the future. It might travel inside our bodies to fix 55 , like cleaning blocked blood vessels. Imagine a robot that can “melt” through tight spaces and help save lives! 46．A．role B．size C．value D．shape 47．A．ordered B．created C．chose D．became 48．A．is designed by B．is shared with C．is made of D．is collected from 49．A．when B．what C．where D．why 50．A．continue B．accept C．control D．promise 51．A．public B．narrow C．large D．green 52．A．walking B．looking C．moving D．turning 53．A．keep B．change C．cover D．show 54．A．painters B．workers C．doctors D．teachers 55．A．numbers B．memories C．subjects D．problems 四、阅读理解 A Unitree Robots: Dancing with Tradition Unitree Robotics (宇树科技) is a Chinese tech company started by Wang Xingxing in 2016. In 2025, its robot named H1 did something special. At the CCTV Spring Festival Gala (央视春晚),16 H1 robots performed “Yangko” (秧歌), a traditional Chinese dance. Using red scarves, they moved like human dancers and their steps perfectly followed folk music. This dance showed that robots can protect cultural treasures while showing new technology. From Toy Parts to Tech Star Wang has loved robots since childhood. At 14, he built his first walking robot using toy car wheels and old watch batteries (电池). Though it could only take three steps before falling, this experience taught him to keep on. In 2013, he created X Dog—a dog-shaped robot that could run faster than real animals. Robots with Heart Last year, 200 library robots read stories to children in hospitals. Now, Unitree robots work across China—factory robots check dangerous equipment (设备), school robots teach in classes, and home robots like Go 2 even take pet dogs for walks. The newest robots also help people with disabilities. Guide robots can lead blind people through busy streets. “Technology should make life warmer,” Wang says. Simple Tech, Big Dreams These robots use easy-to-understand technology. Special cameras act as their eyes, while computer programs help them learn. For example, to make Yangko dance, robots watched human dancers 500 times! In 2023, 70% of four-legged robots were Unitree models in the world. Wang encourages students, “I failed English tests but never gave up on robots. Don’t let weaknesses stop your dreams!” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 56．What does “Yangko dance” show? A．Dancing needs expensive robots. B．Technology can protect traditions. C．Old music sounds better than modern one. D．Robots will take the place of human dancers. 57．What can robots do now according to the passage? ①Help disabled people. ②Give classes in schools. ③Read stories in hospitals. ④Play with different kinds of balls. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 58．The underlined word “failed” means “__________” in English. A．didn’t consider B．didn’t check C．didn’t pass D．didn’t achieve 59．What can we learn from the passage? A．It’s hard to train robots. B．Unitree Robotics was set up in 2025. C．Wang Xingxing’s first robot walked many steps. D．Wang Xingxing’s love for robots led him to success. 60．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To tell students to follow their dreams. B．To introduce the world’s most amazing robots. C．To encourage students to develop new technology. D．To remind students to work hard on school subjects. B Artificial Intelligence, or Al, is a really cool technology that tries to copy how people think and do things. It’s becoming a big part of our lives, making things better in the world. ________ For example, you might have seen virtual assistants (虚拟助手) like Siri or Alexa on your phone or smart speaker. They use AI to answer questions, make plans, and play music. One of the best things about AI is that it can do many things on its own, which saves time and makes things work better. In business, AI tools help analyze lots of data (分析大量数据) quickly and give useful information to help companies succeed. AI isn’t just for business. For example, AI can help doctors diagnose (诊断) illnesses more rightly and quickly. It can also help banks tell fake money (假币) and stop some bad people taking away money. On the roads, AI can analyze information in real time to make traffic better. Although AI is very useful, it also brings some problems, like making people lose their jobs. So we must work hard to make sure AI is used in good ways and doesn’t hurt anyone. As AI grows and changes, it can make life simpler and bring us all closer together. Enjoying AI means we get to use smart machines that help us make a smarter and cooler world. Everything is possible. As we continue to develop Al, we’ll see even more amazing things that will improve our lives. 61．Which of the following can we put into the blank? A．AI will be more important than humans. B．AI mainly does some dangerous jobs. C．AI does lots of different things in our lives. D．AI will change the way we live in the future. 62．Which of the following best shows the good thing about AI according to Para 3? A．AI lets people no longer work hard every day. B．AI does things by itself faster and better. C．AI makes people smarter and smarter. D．AI makes traffic better with the help of a traffic police. 63．What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．AI’s wide use. B．The future of AI. C．Problems of AI. D．The relationship between humans and AI. 64．How does the writer like AI? A．Cheap but useless. B．Common but expensive. C．Useful but not common. D．Helpful but not perfect. 65．What’s the main purpose of this passage? A．To introduce the history of AI. B．To discuss the good and bad points of AI. C．To say we shouldn’t use AI in many places. D．To provide a way to solve the problems of AI. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$