Unit 1 Water（重难词汇精练）英语沪教版五四学制2024八年级上册

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 Water （重难词汇精练） 英语沪教版五四制2024八年级上册 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 单词默写版（大家根据需求自己删除需要学生默写的列即可） 序号 单词 音标 词性 中文含义 1 /sɔːlt/ n. /ˈsɔːlti/ adj. 2 /triːt/ v. /ˈtriːtəbl/ adj. /ˈtriːtmənt/ n. 3 /reə(r)/ adj. /ˈreərəti/ n. 4 /preznt/ v. /ˌpreznˈteɪʃn/ n. 5 /juːz/ v. /juːs/ n. /ˈjuːsfl/ adj. /ˈjuːseləs/ adj. 6 /bɔː(r)/ v. /bɔː(r)/ n. /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ adj. /bɔːd/ adj. 7 /ˈkemɪkl/ n. /ˈkemɪstri/ n. /ˈkemɪkl/ adj. 8 /ɪnˈkluːd/ v. /ɪnˈkluːsɪv/ adj. 9 /əˈɡriː/ v. /əˈɡriːmənt/ n. /əˈɡriːəbl/ adj. 10 /dɪˈrekt/ v. /dɪˈrekʃn/ n. /dɪˈrektli/ adv. /dɪˈrekt/ adj. /ˌɪndɪˈrekt/ adj. 11 /mʌd/ n. /ˈmʌdi/ adj. /ˈmʌdili/ adv. 12 /keə(r)/ n. /ˈkeəfl/ adj. /ˈkeəfəli/ adv. 13 /ˈpreʃəsnəs/ n. /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. /ˈpreʃəsli/ adv. 14 /əˈweənəs/ n. /əˈweə(r)/ adj. 词汇语境练-句子 一、单项选择-词汇辨析 1．I am ________. Can you give me something to drink? A．thirsty B．excited C．healthy D．shy 2．________ from farms washes into rivers and causes algae to grow too fast. A．Evaporation B．Sanitation C．Nutrient D．Livelihood 3．During a ________, people have to walk miles to find water. A．water cycle B．algae bloom C．drought D．habitat 4．Fish can not survive if their ________ is destroyed by pollution. A．evaporation B．habitat C．algae D．nutrient 5．We should ________ plastic waste to protect sea turtles. A．contaminate B．overfish C．reduce D．evaporate 6．—I believe students should help with housework. —I ________. It teaches teamwork and builds house spirit. A．explain B．agree C．hate D．encourage 7．Let’s ________ early tomorrow morning so that we can get to the beach before noon. A．set off B．put up C．take off D．leave for 8．—Will you go to Anna’s birthday party this Sunday? —I’d love to, but I’ll ________ for a 7-day trip to Chengdu tomorrow. A．come out B．set off C．give up D．find out 9．To solve water scarcity, we need ________ practices in farming. A．overused B．sustainable C．contaminated D．evaporative 10．________ water can make people sick because of chemicals. A．Essential B．Hydrated C．Scarce D．Contaminated 二、根据汉语提示填空 11．He is full of (精力、能量) every day. 12．Most students (同意) that time is one of the most valuable things in the world. 13．Please turn left at the next . (拐角) 14．My friends always (鼓励) me when I face difficulties. 15．It’s not right for them to (浪费) so much time playing games. 16．After running for a long time, I feel really (渴的). 17．There is a milk (工厂) in our town. There are many workers in it. 18．The (研究) shows that regular exercise can improve mental health. 19．—You mean iPhone is not as popular as it was as HUAWEI phones lead the market now? —That’s (正是) the case. 20．Doing chores at home all day is very (乏味的). 三、根据首字母填空 21．Turn left at the c of the street. 22．We must listen to the teacher c in class. 23．We should save e by turning off lights when leaving a room. 24．Sichuan hot p is one of China’s signature dishes. 25．She is shy, so her teachers often e her to talk with classmates. 26．Could you give me something to drink? I’m so t . 27．We saw many animals on the f . 28．Mike, we don’t need these clothes. Why do we w money on them? 29．Almost everyone is looking f to a trip to the beach during the summer holiday. 30．After running for an hour, I felt very t and drank a lot of water. 四、用单词的适当形式填空 31．Lights (shine) brightly across the city, and colourful boats are moving slowly down the river. 32．After the , the farmers lost all their crops. (drought) 33．The river is so that no fish can live in it. (pollute) 34．We need to find a (use) tool to open the box. 35． of underground water is a serious problem in many cities. (overuse) 36．Sunlight water from the ocean every day. (evaporation) 37．People in the village (live) on fishing for their . (livelihood) 38．We must take action to damaged coral reefs. (restoration) 39．They practiced (careful) and improved their (skill). 40．The lake water is full of , which makes it look green. (algae) 词汇语境练-语篇 五、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。（每空限填一词，每词限用一次。） as   running   interest   flower   use March 22nd is World Water Day. Are you 1 in ways to save water at home? Do you know how to save water at home? You can do the following things. There’s no need to keep the water 2 while you’re brushing your teeth. And you’ll save a lot of water if you spend less time in the shower. A bowl with just enough water is a good way to wash your fruit or vegetables. Then use what’s left to water the 3 . While you are waiting for the shower water to warm up, put a bucket (桶) under it. The collected water can be used to sweep the floor. All of the above ways are all 4 for saving water. As long 5 we all take action, we can save more water and make a difference in the world. Don’t forget to share these ways of saving water with your family and friends. 阅读短文， 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空， 使短文完整、正确。（每词限用一次） way; child; area; water; avoid; nearly; within; run; if; necessary Water resources (资源) are important in our life. Nobody can live without water. In the world there are some 1 which are short of water. Everyone should know how to save water. If you don’t know what to do, here are some easy 2 for you. Make your shower time short. Don’t spend too much time taking a shower. It’s best to finish your shower 3 five minutes. For parents, it’s a good idea to 4 buying water toys for your child. A lot of 5 love to play with water toys. As a parent, you should try not to choose the water toys which need much water. Turn off the water tap while you are washing your hands. It’s said that a lot of people wash hands 6 nine times every day. Don’t keep the water 7 while you are using the soap to wash hands. Learn to reuse water. For example, after washing vegetables in the kitchen, you can take the water to the garden. Then you can use it 8 flowers. It’s not 9 to take a shower every day. Some people take a shower two or three times a day. In fact, you can take a shower every two days. Of course, 10 the weather is very hot and you always sweat (出汗), you can take a shower every day. 六、完形填空 Melting Ice Sheets Ice sheets on Earth have been melting, breaking up, and disappearing. The melting of ice sheets over the past century has contributed to a 10—25 cm rise in global sea 1 . If the Antarctic ice sheets were to break up, it would 2 global sea levels by almost six meters. If both the Arctic and Antarctic ice sheets were to melt, the result would be a sea level rise of nearly 70 meters. And many countries would be under the 3 . The ice sheet is the largest reservoir of fresh water, holding 70 percent of the world’s fresh water. 4 , the melting of ice sheets means that millions of people will face the threat of earthquakes, floods, droughts and the 5 of drinking water. Hurricanes and typhoons have become stronger and longer, lasting over the past 30 years due to global warming. The 6 the weather is, the faster ice sheets melt. It’s reported 7 ice sheets may melt completely by 2035. As is known to all, the melting of ice sheets can make some deadly 8 return, some kinds of animals 9 , and 50 billion tons of methane (甲烷) release. How terrible it is! What should we do to stop the melting and avoid the happening of disasters? After studying the ice sheets in Qilian Mountains, Chinese scholars pointed out that 10 the natural climatic factors, the other main causes of ice sheets melting were overpopulation, deforestation and overuse of groundwater. Therefore, the population should be controlled, forest and groundwater resources should be protected. 1．A．food B．levels C．animals D．waves 2．A．raise B．rise C．climb D．jump 3．A．ground B．river C．sea D．ice 4．A．But B．And C．Unless D．However 5．A．height B．kindness C．length D．shortage 6．A．warm B．warmer C．warmest D．warmth 7．A．that B．which C．who D．whom 8．A．population B．diseases C．economy D．technology 9．A．die for B．die of C．die from D．die out 10．A．but B．besides C．except D．beside 2 / 7 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 1 Water （重难词汇精练） 英语沪教版五四制2024八年级上册 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 单词默写版（大家根据需求自己删除需要学生默写的列即可） 序号 单词 音标 词性 中文含义 1 /sɔːlt/ n. /ˈsɔːlti/ adj. 2 /triːt/ v. /ˈtriːtəbl/ adj. /ˈtriːtmənt/ n. 3 /reə(r)/ adj. /ˈreərəti/ n. 4 /preznt/ v. /ˌpreznˈteɪʃn/ n. 5 /juːz/ v. /juːs/ n. /ˈjuːsfl/ adj. /ˈjuːseləs/ adj. 6 /bɔː(r)/ v. /bɔː(r)/ n. /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ adj. /bɔːd/ adj. 7 /ˈkemɪkl/ n. /ˈkemɪstri/ n. /ˈkemɪkl/ adj. 8 /ɪnˈkluːd/ v. /ɪnˈkluːsɪv/ adj. 9 /əˈɡriː/ v. /əˈɡriːmənt/ n. /əˈɡriːəbl/ adj. 10 /dɪˈrekt/ v. /dɪˈrekʃn/ n. /dɪˈrektli/ adv. /dɪˈrekt/ adj. /ˌɪndɪˈrekt/ adj. 11 /mʌd/ n. /ˈmʌdi/ adj. /ˈmʌdili/ adv. 12 /keə(r)/ n. /ˈkeəfl/ adj. /ˈkeəfəli/ adv. 13 /ˈpreʃəsnəs/ n. /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. /ˈpreʃəsli/ adv. 14 /əˈweənəs/ n. /əˈweə(r)/ adj. 单词详解版 序号 单词 音标 词性 中文含义 1 salt /sɔːlt/ n. 盐 salty /ˈsɔːlti/ adj. 含盐的；咸的 2 treat /triːt/ v. 对待 treatable /ˈtriːtəbl/ adj. 可治疗的 treatment /ˈtriːtmənt/ n. 处理；加工 3 rare /reə(r)/ adj. 稀少的；珍贵的 rarity /ˈreərəti/ n. 稀少 4 present /preznt/ v. 展示 presentation /ˌpreznˈteɪʃn/ n. 展示会；介绍会 5 use /juːz/ v. 使用 use /juːs/ n. 用途；用法 useful /ˈjuːsfl/ adj. 有用的 useless /ˈjuːseləs/ adj. 无用的 6 bore /bɔː(r)/ v. 使讨厌 bore /bɔː(r)/ n. 烦人的状况；钻孔 boring /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/ adj. 没趣的 bored /bɔːd/ adj. 感到无趣的 7 chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ n. 化学品 chemistry /ˈkemɪstri/ n. 化学学科 chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ adj. 化学的 8 include /ɪnˈkluːd/ v. 使成为…… 的一部分 inclusive /ɪnˈkluːsɪv/ adj. 包括一切的；范围广的 9 agree /əˈɡriː/ v. 同意；赞同 agreement /əˈɡriːmənt/ n. 同意；协议 agreeable /əˈɡriːəbl/ adj. 令人愉快的 10 direct /dɪˈrekt/ v. 指示；指导 direction /dɪˈrekʃn/ n. 方向；用法说明 directly /dɪˈrektli/ adv. 直接地 direct /dɪˈrekt/ adj. 直接的 indirect /ˌɪndɪˈrekt/ adj. 间接的 11 mud /mʌd/ n. 泥；淤泥 muddy /ˈmʌdi/ adj. 泥泞的 muddily /ˈmʌdili/ adv. 泥泞地 12 care /keə(r)/ n. 关爱；照顾 careful /ˈkeəfl/ adj. 仔细的 carefully /ˈkeəfəli/ adv. 仔细地 13 preciousness /ˈpreʃəsnəs/ n. 宝贵；珍贵 precious /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. 宝贵的；珍贵的 preciously /ˈpreʃəsli/ adv. 过分讲究地 14 awareness /əˈweənəs/ n. 意识；认识 aware /əˈweə(r)/ adj. 有意识的 词汇语境练-句子 一、单项选择-词汇辨析 1．I am ________. Can you give me something to drink? A．thirsty B．excited C．healthy D．shy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我渴了。能给我点喝的吗？ 考查形容词辨析。thirsty口渴的；excited兴奋的；healthy健康的；shy害羞的。根据“Can you give me something to drink?”可知，此处指口渴了。故选A。 2．________ from farms washes into rivers and causes algae to grow too fast. A．Evaporation B．Sanitation C．Nutrient D．Livelihood 【答案】C 【详解】句意：来自农场的养分流入河流，导致藻类生长过快。 考查名词辨析。Evaporation蒸发；Sanitation卫生设备；Nutrient养分；Livelihood生计。根据“...from farms washes into rivers and causes algae to grow too fast.”及选项可知，养分是藻类生长的原因。故选C。 3．During a ________, people have to walk miles to find water. A．water cycle B．algae bloom C．drought D．habitat 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在旱灾期间，人们必须步行数英里才能找到水。 考查名词辨析。water cycle水循环；algae bloom藻华；drought旱灾；habitat栖息地。根据“people have to walk miles to find water”可知，旱灾期间，人们必须步行数英里才能找到水。故选C。 4．Fish can not survive if their ________ is destroyed by pollution. A．evaporation B．habitat C．algae D．nutrient 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果鱼类的栖息地被污染破坏，它们就无法生存。 考查名词辨析。evaporation蒸发；habitat栖息地；algae藻类；nutrient营养品。根据“Fish can not survive if their...is destroyed by pollution.”及结合选项可知，此处表示如果鱼类的栖息地被污染破坏，它们就无法生存。故选B。 5．We should ________ plastic waste to protect sea turtles. A．contaminate B．overfish C．reduce D．evaporate 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们应该减少使用塑料垃圾保护海龟。 考查动词辨析。contaminate污染；overfish过度捕捞；reduce减少；evaporate蒸发。根据“We should...plastic waste to protect sea turtles.”及选项可知，此处表示我们应该减少使用塑料垃圾保护海龟。故选C。 6．—I believe students should help with housework. —I ________. It teaches teamwork and builds house spirit. A．explain B．agree C．hate D．encourage 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我认为学生们应该帮忙做家务。——我同意。它能培养团队合作精神，并能增强集体荣誉感。 考查动词辨析。explain解释；agree同意；hate讨厌；encourage鼓励。根据“I believe students should help with housework.”和“It teaches teamwork and builds house spirit.”可知，后者同意前者的观点，故选B。 7．Let’s ________ early tomorrow morning so that we can get to the beach before noon. A．set off B．put up C．take off D．leave for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们明天早上早点出发吧，这样我们就能在中午之前到达海滩。 考查动词短语。set off出发；put up搭建；take off起飞；leave for前往。根据“Let’s...early tomorrow morning so that we can get to the beach before noon.”可知，要在中午之前到达海滩需要在早上尽早出发，leave for通常后接目的地，此处用set off符合题意。故选A。 8．—Will you go to Anna’s birthday party this Sunday? —I’d love to, but I’ll ________ for a 7-day trip to Chengdu tomorrow. A．come out B．set off C．give up D．find out 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这个周日你会去安娜的生日派对吗？——我很想去，但我明天要动身去成都进行一次7天的旅行。 考查动词短语辨析。come out出现；set off动身；give up放弃；find out查明。根据“…for a 7-day trip to Chengdu tomorrow.”可知，此处说的是要动身去成都旅行。故选B。 9．To solve water scarcity, we need ________ practices in farming. A．overused B．sustainable C．contaminated D．evaporative 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了解决水资源短缺问题，我们需要在农业中采取可持续的实践方法。 考查形容词辨析。overused使用过度的；sustainable可持续的；contaminated受污染的；evaporative蒸发的。根据“To solve water scarcity, we need… practices in farming.”可知，Sustainable practices“可持续实践”是解决资源短缺的方案，所以，“sustainable可持续的”符合题意。故选B。 10．________ water can make people sick because of chemicals. A．Essential B．Hydrated C．Scarce D．Contaminated 【答案】D 【详解】句意：被污染的水因为含有化学物质会使人生病。 考查形容词辨析。Essential必不可少的；Hydrated含水的；Scarce缺乏的；Contaminated被污染的。根据“...water can make people sick because of chemicals.”及选项可知，只有“被污染的水”会因化学物质导致人生病。故选D。 二、根据汉语提示填空 11．He is full of (精力、能量) every day. 【答案】energy 【详解】句意：他每天都充满精力。energy“精力、能量”，为不可数名词。be full of energy为固定搭配，意为“充满能量、精力充沛”。故填energy。 12．Most students (同意) that time is one of the most valuable things in the world. 【答案】agree 【详解】句意：大多数学生同意时间是世界上最有价值的东西之一。根据“Most students…that time is one of the most valuable things…”可知，此处缺少谓语动词，“同意”对应的动词是agree。句子描述一般事实，时态为一般现在时，主语Most students是复数，动词用原形，故填agree。 13．Please turn left at the next . (拐角) 【答案】corner 【详解】句意：请在下一个拐角左转。corner“拐角，角落”，是名词，at the next corner“在下一个拐角”，故填corner。 14．My friends always (鼓励) me when I face difficulties. 【答案】encourage 【详解】句意：当我面临困难时，我的朋友们总是鼓励我。encourage“鼓励”。根据“always … when I face difficulties”可知，时态一般现在时，主语为My friends，谓语动词用原形。故填encourage。 15．It’s not right for them to (浪费) so much time playing games. 【答案】waste 【详解】句意：他们浪费这么多时间玩游戏是不对的。浪费：waste，空前有不定式符号to，应用动词原形。故填waste。 16．After running for a long time, I feel really (渴的). 【答案】thirsty 【详解】句意：长时间跑步后，我感觉真的很渴。“thirsty”是形容词，意为“渴的”，在句子中作表语，用于描述主语“I”的感受。故填thirsty。 17．There is a milk (工厂) in our town. There are many workers in it. 【答案】factory 【详解】句意：我们镇上有一家牛奶厂。里面有很多工人。结合汉语提示及“a milk…in our town”可知，此处指“一家牛奶场”，应用名词factory“工厂”的单数形式，作主语。故填factory。 18．The (研究) shows that regular exercise can improve mental health. 【答案】research 【详解】句意：研究表明，定期锻炼可以改善心理健康。根据语境和所给中文提示可知，这里应填“research”。“research”意为“研究”，在句中作主语。谓语动词为三单形式，使用名词单数形式。故填research。 19．—You mean iPhone is not as popular as it was as HUAWEI phones lead the market now? —That’s (正是) the case. 【答案】exactly 【详解】句意：——你的意思是iPhone不像以前那么受欢迎了，因为华为手机现在主导市场？——事实正是如此。正是：exactly，为副词。故填exactly。 20．Doing chores at home all day is very (乏味的). 【答案】boring 【详解】句意：整天在家做家务很乏味。boring“乏味的”，形容词。故填boring。 三、根据首字母填空 21．Turn left at the c of the street. 【答案】(c)orner 【详解】句意：在街道的拐角处左转。根据“Turn left at the...of the street”及首字母c可知，corner“拐角；角落”符合语境，at the corner of 表示“在……的拐角处”，故填(c)orner。 22．We must listen to the teacher c in class. 【答案】(c)arefully 【详解】句意：在课堂上，我们必须认真听老师讲课。根据“listen to the teacher”和首字母“c”可知，上课应认真听讲，副词carefully“认真地”修饰动词listen。故填(c)arefully。 23．We should save e by turning off lights when leaving a room. 【答案】(e)nergy 【详解】句意：我们应该通过离开房间时关灯来节约能源。根据“turning off lights when leaving a room” 可知，是在节约能源，结合首字母“e”，这里应填energy “能源”。故填(e)nergy。 24．Sichuan hot p is one of China’s signature dishes. 【答案】(p)ot 【详解】句意：四川火锅是中国的招牌菜之一。根据“Sichuan hot...is one of China’s signature dishes.”可知，此处指四川火锅，hot pot“火锅”，此处使用单数名词。故填(p)ot。 25．She is shy, so her teachers often e her to talk with classmates. 【答案】(e)ncourage 【详解】句意：她害羞，所以她的老师经常鼓励她和同学交谈。根据“her teachers often e... her to talk with classmates.”可知，是指老师鼓励她和同学交谈，encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(e)ncourage。 26．Could you give me something to drink? I’m so t . 【答案】(t)hirsty 【详解】句意：能给我点喝的吗？我太口渴了。根据“Could you give me something to drink”以及首字母可知，句子前半部分请求饮品，空格处应描述需要饮品的原因，需填入形容词作表语，thirsty“口渴的”符合语境。故填(t)hirsty。 27．We saw many animals on the f . 【答案】(f)arm 【详解】句意：我们在农场上看到了许多动物。根据“We saw many animals on the...”及首字母“f”提示可知，此处指“农场”，英文表达为“farm”，“on the farm”为固定搭配，表示“在农场”。故填(f)arm。 28．Mike, we don’t need these clothes. Why do we w money on them? 【答案】(w)aste 【详解】句意：迈克，我们不需要这些衣服。我们为什么要在它们身上浪费钱？根据“Mike, we don’t need these clothe”和首字母可知，此处应该表达不需要这些衣服，为什么还要在上面浪费钱，waste意为“浪费”，助动词do后跟动词原形。故填(w)aste。 29．Almost everyone is looking f to a trip to the beach during the summer holiday. 【答案】(f)orward 【详解】句意：几乎每个人都期待在暑假去海滩旅行。根据首字母提示及“looking...to a trip to the beach during the summer holiday.”可知，空处指“期望”，需固定短语look forward to，意为“期望”。故填(f)orward。 30．After running for an hour, I felt very t and drank a lot of water. 【答案】(t)hirsty 【详解】句意：跑了一个小时后，我觉得很渴，喝了很多水。根据“I felt very ... and drank a lot of water.”及首字母可知，感到很渴，喝了很多水，thirsty“口渴的”符合，形容词作表语。故填(t)hirsty。 四、用单词的适当形式填空 31．Lights (shine) brightly across the city, and colourful boats are moving slowly down the river. 【答案】are shining 【详解】句意：灯光明亮地照耀着整个城市，五颜六色的船只缓缓地顺河而下。根据“and colourful boats are moving slowly down the river”可知，句子时态为现在进行时，其结构为“am/is/are+现在分词”。Lights是复数主语，所以be动词用are，shine的现在分词为shining。故填are shining。 32．After the , the farmers lost all their crops. (drought) 【答案】drought 【详解】句意：旱灾过后，农民的庄稼全部绝收。drought意为“旱灾”，不可数名词，在此处作介词After的宾语，符合语境。故填drought。 33．The river is so that no fish can live in it. (pollute) 【答案】polluted 【详解】句意：这条河污染如此严重，以至于没有鱼可以在里面生存。根据“The river is so...that no fish can live in it.”及提示词可知，此处考查so...that...“如此……以至于……”结构，so后接形容词作表语，描述河流状态。pollute“污染”，动词，形容词形式为polluted。故填polluted。 34．We need to find a (use) tool to open the box. 【答案】useful 【详解】句意：我们需要找到一个有用的工具来打开盒子。此处指“有用的工具”，修饰名词tool，用形容词useful“有用的”。故填useful。 35． of underground water is a serious problem in many cities. (overuse) 【答案】Overuse 【详解】句意：地下水的过度使用在许多城市是一个严重的问题。根据“...of underground water is a serious problem in many cities.”及提示词可知，空格位于句首，且后接“of underground water”，因此需要一个名词来构成名词短语。提示词“overuse”本身可作为名词使用，表示“过度的使用”，直接填入即可。故填Overuse。 36．Sunlight water from the ocean every day. (evaporation) 【答案】evaporates 【详解】句意：阳光每天都会从海洋中蒸发出水。分析句子可知，此处缺谓语，名词evaporation变为动词evaporate，根据“every day”可知，本句为一般现在时，主语sunlight为第三人称单数，evaporate应变为三单形式evaporates。故填evaporates。 37．People in the village (live) on fishing for their . (livelihood) 【答案】 live livelihoods 【详解】句意：这个村庄的人们以捕鱼为生。根据语境可知，时态为一般现在时。第一空：people作主语，谓语动词用原形，live on“以……为食”，符合，故填live；第二空：根据“their”可知，此处表示他们的生计，故用名词复数形式，livelihood“生计”，可数名词，复数形式为livelihoods。故填live；livelihoods。 38．We must take action to damaged coral reefs. (restoration) 【答案】restore 【详解】句意：我们必须采取行动恢复受损的珊瑚礁。take action to do“采取行动做某事”，名词restoration需转为动词restore，to do不定式作目的状语。故填restore。 39．They practiced (careful) and improved their (skill). 【答案】 carefully skills 【详解】句意：他们认真练习，提升了自己的技能。第一空修饰动词“practiced”，需要用副词，careful的副词形式为carefully“认真地”；第二空作动词“improved”的宾语，skill“技能”，可数名词，此处泛指多个技能，需要用复数形式skills。故填carefully；skills。 40．The lake water is full of , which makes it look green. (algae) 【答案】algae 【详解】句意：湖水里充满了藻类，这使得它看起来是绿色的。algae“藻类”，不可数名词。故填algae。 词汇语境练-语篇 五、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。（每空限填一词，每词限用一次。） as   running   interest   flower   use March 22nd is World Water Day. Are you 1 in ways to save water at home? Do you know how to save water at home? You can do the following things. There’s no need to keep the water 2 while you’re brushing your teeth. And you’ll save a lot of water if you spend less time in the shower. A bowl with just enough water is a good way to wash your fruit or vegetables. Then use what’s left to water the 3 . While you are waiting for the shower water to warm up, put a bucket (桶) under it. The collected water can be used to sweep the floor. All of the above ways are all 4 for saving water. As long 5 we all take action, we can save more water and make a difference in the world. Don’t forget to share these ways of saving water with your family and friends. 【答案】1．interested 2．running 3．flowers 4．useful 5．as 【导语】本文介绍了世界水日以及节约用水的办法。 1．句意：你对在家节水的方法感兴趣吗？分析句子可知，空白处用形容词；根据所给词可知，此处用interest的形容词interested，考查固定短语be interested in“对……感兴趣”，故填interested。 2．句意：当你刷牙的时候，没有必要让水龙头的水一直流。空白处应填入动词的现在分词形式，keep sth. doing“让某事一直做”。根据备选词可知，此处应填入running。keep the water running意为“让水一直流”。故填running。 3．句意：然后用剩下的水浇花。根据“water the...”可知，此处表示“浇花”，flower可数名词，此处用复数。故填flowers。 4．句意：以上所有方法都对节约用水有用。根据“All of the above ways are all...for saving water.”可知，此处用形容词，根据所给词汇，此处用use的形容词useful“有用的”。故填useful。 5．句意：只要我们采取行动，我们就能节约更多的水，并在世界上产生影响。“As long...we all take action”可知，此处考查固定搭配as long as“只要”。故填as。 阅读短文， 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空， 使短文完整、正确。（每词限用一次） way; child; area; water; avoid; nearly; within; run; if; necessary Water resources (资源) are important in our life. Nobody can live without water. In the world there are some 1 which are short of water. Everyone should know how to save water. If you don’t know what to do, here are some easy 2 for you. Make your shower time short. Don’t spend too much time taking a shower. It’s best to finish your shower 3 five minutes. For parents, it’s a good idea to 4 buying water toys for your child. A lot of 5 love to play with water toys. As a parent, you should try not to choose the water toys which need much water. Turn off the water tap while you are washing your hands. It’s said that a lot of people wash hands 6 nine times every day. Don’t keep the water 7 while you are using the soap to wash hands. Learn to reuse water. For example, after washing vegetables in the kitchen, you can take the water to the garden. Then you can use it 8 flowers. It’s not 9 to take a shower every day. Some people take a shower two or three times a day. In fact, you can take a shower every two days. Of course, 10 the weather is very hot and you always sweat (出汗), you can take a shower every day. 【答案】 1．areas 2．ways 3．within 4．avoid 5．children 6．nearly 7．running 8．to water 9．necessary 10．if 【导语】本文主要介绍了几种节约用水的方法。 1．句意：世界上有一些地区缺水。空格处应填一个名词，根据“which are short of water”及备选词汇可知，此处是指有一些地区缺水，area表示“地区”，为可数名词，结合空前“some”可知，此处应用名词复数。故填areas。 2．句意：如果你不知道该怎么做，这里有一些简单的方法。根据前文“If you don’t know what to do”可知，此处是指将介绍一些简单的方法，way表示“方法”，为可数名词，结合空前“some”可知，此处应用名词复数。故填ways。 3．句意：最好在五分钟内洗完澡。根据语境及空后“five minutes”可知，此处应用within表示“在……时间内”。故填within。 4．句意：对于父母来说，最好不要给孩子买水上玩具。根据下文“As a parent, you should try not to choose the water toys which need much water.”可知，此处是指不要买水上玩具，avoid表示“避免”，符合语境，结合空前不定式符号“to”可知，空格处应填动词原形。故填avoid。 5．句意：很多孩子都喜欢玩水上玩具。根据前文“for your child”可知，此处是指孩子喜欢玩水上玩具，child表示“小孩”，为可数名词，结合空前“A lot of”可知，此处应用名词复数。故填children。 6．句意：据说很多人每天洗手近九次。句子结构完整，所以空格处应填一个副词，nearly表示“几乎”，符合语境。故填nearly。 7．句意：当你用肥皂洗手时，不要让水一直流着。根据语境可知，此处是指不要让水一直流着，keep sth. doing表示“让某物一直……”，此处run表示“（液体） 流”。故填running。 8．句意：然后你可以用它来浇花。根据空后“flowers”可知，此处是指给花浇水，water表示“浇水”，分析句子结构可知，空格处应填非谓语动词，且此处表示目的，所以应用动词不定式。故填to water。 9．句意：没有必要每天洗澡。空格处应填一个形容词作表语，根据下文“In fact, you can take a shower every two days.”可知，此处是指没有必要每天洗澡。故填necessary。 10．句意：当然，如果天气很热，你总是出汗，你可以每天洗澡。结合语境可知，此处是在做假设，所以应用if引导条件状语从句。故填if。 六、完形填空 Melting Ice Sheets Ice sheets on Earth have been melting, breaking up, and disappearing. The melting of ice sheets over the past century has contributed to a 10—25 cm rise in global sea 1 . If the Antarctic ice sheets were to break up, it would 2 global sea levels by almost six meters. If both the Arctic and Antarctic ice sheets were to melt, the result would be a sea level rise of nearly 70 meters. And many countries would be under the 3 . The ice sheet is the largest reservoir of fresh water, holding 70 percent of the world’s fresh water. 4 , the melting of ice sheets means that millions of people will face the threat of earthquakes, floods, droughts and the 5 of drinking water. Hurricanes and typhoons have become stronger and longer, lasting over the past 30 years due to global warming. The 6 the weather is, the faster ice sheets melt. It’s reported 7 ice sheets may melt completely by 2035. As is known to all, the melting of ice sheets can make some deadly 8 return, some kinds of animals 9 , and 50 billion tons of methane (甲烷) release. How terrible it is! What should we do to stop the melting and avoid the happening of disasters? After studying the ice sheets in Qilian Mountains, Chinese scholars pointed out that 10 the natural climatic factors, the other main causes of ice sheets melting were overpopulation, deforestation and overuse of groundwater. Therefore, the population should be controlled, forest and groundwater resources should be protected. 1．A．food B．levels C．animals D．waves 2．A．raise B．rise C．climb D．jump 3．A．ground B．river C．sea D．ice 4．A．But B．And C．Unless D．However 5．A．height B．kindness C．length D．shortage 6．A．warm B．warmer C．warmest D．warmth 7．A．that B．which C．who D．whom 8．A．population B．diseases C．economy D．technology 9．A．die for B．die of C．die from D．die out 10．A．but B．besides C．except D．beside 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了冰盖溶解给地球带来的不利影响，呼吁人们要控制人口，保护森林和地下水资源。 1．句意：过去一个世纪冰盖的融化导致全球海平面上升10—25厘米。 food食物；levels水位/水平；animals动物；waves波浪。根据“a 10—25 cm rise in global sea”可知此处指“海平面上升”。故选B。 2．句意：如果南极冰盖破裂，全球海平面将上升近6米。 raise及物动词，使升高；rise不及物动词，上升；climb攀爬；jump跳跃。根据“If the Antarctic ice sheets were to break up”可知此处指如果南极冰盖破裂，全球海平面将上升近6米，此处选及物动词作谓语。故选A。 3．句意：很多国家都会在海底。 ground地面；river河流；sea海洋；ice冰。根据“If both the Arctic and Antarctic ice sheets were to melt, the result would be a sea level rise of nearly 70 meters.”可知此处指如果海平面上升近70米，很多国家都会在海底。故选C。 4．句意：然而，冰盖的融化意味着数百万人将面临地震、洪水、干旱和饮用水短缺的威胁。 But但是；And并且；Unless除非；However然而。根据上文“The ice sheet is the largest reservoir of fresh water, holding 70 percent of the world’s fresh water.”和下文“the melting of ice sheets means that millions of people will face the threat of earthquakes, floods,…”上文介绍冰盖占据淡水的含量，下文讲述冰盖溶解带来的灾害；可知上下文含有转折的意义，在句前且逗号与句子隔开，填副词however。故选D。 5．句意：然而，冰盖的融化意味着数百万人将面临地震、洪水、干旱和饮用水短缺的威胁。 height高度；kindness善良；length长度；shortage短缺。根据“the melting of ice sheets means that millions of people will face the threat of earthquakes, floods,…”可知，冰盖溶解带来的灾害，此处指“饮用水短缺”。故选D。 6．句意：天气越暖和，冰盖融化得越快。 warm温暖的，原级；warmer更温暖的，比较级；warmest最温暖的，最高级；warmth温暖名词。根据“the faster”可知此处是“the +比较级+……，the +比较级”的句式。故选B。 7．句意：据报道，到2035年冰盖可能会完全融化。 that引导从句；which哪个；who谁/指人；whom谁/宾格。分析句子成分可知此处用that引导宾语从句，指“据报道，到2035年冰盖可能会完全融化”。故选A。 8．句意：众所周知，冰盖的融化会使一些致命的疾病复发，某些动物灭绝，并释放500亿吨甲烷。 population人口；diseases疾病；economy经济；technology技术。根据下文“How terrible it is!”可知此处指“不好的事情——致命的疾病复发”。故选B。 9．句意：众所周知，冰盖的融化会使一些致命的疾病复发，某些动物灭绝，并释放500亿吨甲烷。 die for为……而死；die of死于内因如疾病；die from死于外因如事故；die out灭绝。根据下文“How terrible it is!”可知此处指“不好的事情——某些动物灭绝”。故选D。 10．句意：在研究了祁连山的冰盖后，中国学者指出，除了自然气候因素外，冰盖融化的其他主要原因是人口过剩、森林砍伐和地下水过度使用。 but但是；besides除……之外还；except除……之外不包括；beside在……旁边。根据“the other main causes of ice sheets melting were overpopulation, deforestation and overuse of groundwater.”可知此处指“除了气候因素还有人为的因素导致冰盖的溶解”。故选B。 2 / 17 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$