Unit 4 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment（分层作业）英语译林版2020必修第一册

Unit 4 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1．冒险 2．看看最新的研究 3．经历许多生理变化 4．炫耀 5．系紧安全带 6．陷入争吵或打架斗殴 7．新问题的解决办法 8．迄今为止 9．数据表明 10．使自己适应新的环境 二、单句语法填空 11．I have no enough (strong) left to move my feet. 12．The (individual) of a person or thing consists of the qualities that make them different from other people or things. 13．They start learning by reading the (content) in the books line by line. 14．The whole family took pride Lucy’s talent for writing. 15．The professional team shared a sheet of opinions which emphasized the (apply) of technology to protect its historic quality. 16．It’s becoming (fashion) to have long hair again. 17．In (add), they are the leaders of my family. 18．This will (negative) affect the result over the first half of the year. 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．Music gave me happiness. When I listened to music, it made my spirits fly like a kite in the wind. Music (给了我力量并给我带来了轻松). 2．She discovered to her pleasure, a (做……的本事、天赋) making her fellow guests laugh. 3．It is important to recognize that each person has his own (长处和短处). 4．The other team just couldn’t (跟上他的力量和速度). 5．I am fond of reading because when I read, I (觉得我自己好像在和作者交流). 6．We’re incredibly proud to help them build this program and let them (知道我们有多重视他们的辛勤工作)． 四、语法填空 “Don’t judge a book by its cover,” the old saying goes. Unfortunately, as a teenager, that is often exactly what you do to 7 (you). Standards of beauty in the media can have a big influence 8 what you think of your physical appearance. These standards are simply 9 (possible) for most of the population to live up to. If you have friends 10 are good-looking or have a great fashion sense, it can feel like you are living in their shadow. The external influences are always present, 11 there are certainly ways to deal with them. First of all, be careful not to follow popular beauty standards 12 (blind). Another tip is to recognize that you are unique and talk about your feelings with someone you trust. 13 (hear) how much they value you can help you feel comfortable in your own skin. Finally, 14 is a good idea to try to direct your attention away from negative thoughts. 15 (achieve) this, you should do something you enjoy. You may often judge yourself by what is on the outside, not on the inside. However, like a book, your contents are much 16 (important) than your cover. 五、阅读理解 For some people, music is no fun at all. About 4% of the population is what scientists call “amusic”. People who are amusics are born without the ability to enjoy musical notes. Amusic people often cannot tell the differences between two songs. As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. In fact, most people cannot understand what it feels like to be an amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping centre can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics have to stay away from places where there is music. Besides, this can result in social loneliness. “I used to hate parties,” says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was an amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition. Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from those of people who can enjoy music. The difference is complex, and it is not connected with poor hearing. Amusics can understand other non-musical sounds well. They also have no problem understanding common speeches. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colours. Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her music problem. Now she knows that she is not alone. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say ‘No, thanks. I’m an amusic,’” says Margaret. 1．What do we know about amusics? A．They like music. B．They are born unable to enjoy music. C．They don’t like music. D．They have poor hearing. 2．Why is life hard for amusics mainly? A．They know they cannot enjoy music. B．They hate parties, restaurants or shopping centres. C．They try to stay at the places full of music. D．It may be hard for them to integrate into the community. 3．What causes amusics to be different from most people according to scientists? A．Their lack of ability to see colours. B．Their poor hearing. C．Their brains. D．Their problems with speech. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Some people’s inability to enjoy music. B．Some people’s musical ability. C．Amusics’ strange behaviour. D．The diagnosis and treatment of amusics. 六、七选五 Happiness begins from appreciation If you are feeling that life just cannot be any worse for you, it can be challenging to think positive. When stressed, depressed, upset or otherwise in a negative state of mind because you are aware that misfortune keeps occurring, it is important to shift those negative thoughts to something positive. 5 It is often very hard to think positive when so many things are negative, but be sure that someone, somewhere is worse off than you. 6 If you start with one small, positive thing and appreciate it during the course of your day, you will begin to move into a more positive situation and people will start showing up in your life. With appreciation, you will find that over time, you will change your outlook and choose to be happy, regardless of the events around you. 7 ● Begin and end each day with a “Thank you for this wonderful, glorious day!” ● When you see the rise of gas prices, say “I am so glad to have a vehicle in which to get around.” ● When your boss is too hard on you, say “I am grateful for my job as I know that many don’t have one.” ● If you are having health problems, be grateful for what does work: “I really do appreciate it that my eyes see, my ears hear, my mouth tastes, my legs walk, my arms lift and my mind thinks and everything else works.” ● Write down what you’re grateful for each day. In moments when you’re feeling really down, read loud what you wrote previously. 8 If you practice this regularly, you will find your list getting longer and longer. The key is to move yourself into a positive thought and keep it there long enough to make it a moment of appreciation. 9 A．This will certainly help uplift your spirits. B．If not, you will only attract more misfortune. C．It is of great importance to learn to be grateful. D．The more you appreciate, the happier you’ll be. E．If you have made some achievements in your career. F．Here are a few common examples for you to practice. G．You can choose to think differently by beginning with the smallest of steps. 1 / 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment分层练习 基础达标 01 能力提升 02 拓展培优 03 一、将下列短语翻译为英文。 1．冒险 2．看看最新的研究 3．经历许多生理变化 4．炫耀 5．系紧安全带 6．陷入争吵或打架斗殴 7．新问题的解决办法 8．迄今为止 9．数据表明 10．使自己适应新的环境 【答案】 1．take a risk 2．check out the latest studies 3．go through many physical changes 4．show off 5．fasten the seat belt 6．get into an argument or a fight 7．a solution to the new problem 8．up until now 9．statistics reveal/show/indicate… 10．adapt oneself to the new environment 【解析】 1．考查动词短语。根据所给汉语提示，英语中“风险”英语表达为“risk”，是可数名词，“冒险”需使用动词take，因此“冒险”可翻译为take a risk。故答案为take a risk。 2．考查动词短语，形容词，名词。根据所给汉语提示，“查看”英语表达为“check out”，“最新的”英语表达为“latest”，“研究”英语表达为“study”，此处可泛指很多研究，因此可使用复数，即check out the latest studies。故答案为check out the latest studies。 3．考查动词短语，形容词，名词。根据所给汉语提示，“经历”英语可表达为“go through”，“许多的”英语表达为“many”，“生理的”即“身体的”英语表达为“physical”，“变化”英语表达为“change”，根据many可知，此处change需使用复数，故答案为go through many physical changes。 4．考查动词短语。根据所给汉语提示，英语中“炫耀”英语表达为“show off”。故答案为show off。 5．考查动词，名词。根据所给汉语提示，“系”英语表达为“fasten”，“安全带”英语表达为“seat belt”。故答案为fasten the seat belt。 6．考查动词短语，名词。根据所给汉语提示，英语中“陷入”可表达为“get into”，“争吵”英语表达为“argument”，“打架斗殴”英语可表达为“fight”，此处argument及fight均为可数名词，因此需使用不定冠词。故答案为get into an argument or a fight。 7．考查名词，介词搭配，形容词。根据所给汉语提示，英语中“解决办法”英语表达为“solution”，表达“……的解决办法”需使用介词to，“新的”英语表达为“new”，“问题”英语表达为“problem”。故答案为a solution to the new problem。 8．考查介词短语搭配。根据所给汉语提示，英语中“迄今为止”可表达为“up until now”。故答案为up until now。 9．考查名词，动词。根据所给汉语提示，“数据”英语表达为“statistics”，“表明”英语可表达为“reveal/show/indicate”，故答案为statistics reveal/show/indicate。 10．考查动词短语，名词，形容词。根据汉语提示，英语中“使……适应”可表达为“adapt to”，“自己”英语中可表达为“oneself”，“新的环境”英语可表达为“new environment”。故答案为adapt oneself to the new environment。 二、单句语法填空 11．I have no enough (strong) left to move my feet. 【答案】strength 【详解】考查名词。句意：我没有足够的力气挪动我的脚了。提示词作宾语，用名词strength，意为“力气”，不可数名词。故填strength。 12．The (individual) of a person or thing consists of the qualities that make them different from other people or things. 【答案】individuality 【详解】考查名词。句意：一个人或事物的个性包括使他们与其他人或事物不同的品质。the +名词+of ，用名词形式在句中作主语。individual的名词形式为individuality，表示“个性”，为不可数名词。故填individuality。 13．They start learning by reading the (content) in the books line by line. 【答案】contents 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他们通过逐行阅读书本的内容开始学习。设空处使用名词作宾语。content在表示“内容”时，通常用复数形式contents。故填contents。 14．The whole family took pride Lucy’s talent for writing. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：全家人都为露西的写作才能感到骄傲。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：take pride in意为“以…自豪”。故填in。 15．The professional team shared a sheet of opinions which emphasized the (apply) of technology to protect its historic quality. 【答案】application 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个专业团队分享了一系列观点，强调应用技术来保护其历史风貌。emphasized后需接名词作宾语，apply 是动词，意为 “应用”，其名词形式为 application，此处表示 “技术的应用”。故填application。 16．It’s becoming (fashion) to have long hair again. 【答案】fashionable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：留长发又开始流行了。系动词become后用形容词，作表语。故填fashionable。 17．In (add), they are the leaders of my family. 【答案】addition 【详解】考查名词。句意：此外，他们是我们家的领导。in addition表示另外。故填addition。 18．This will (negative) affect the result over the first half of the year. 【答案】negatively 【详解】考查副词。句意：这将对上半年的业绩产生负面影响。空格处用副词修饰动词affect，negative的副词是negatively，意为“负面地”，故填negatively。 三、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．Music gave me happiness. When I listened to music, it made my spirits fly like a kite in the wind. Music (给了我力量并给我带来了轻松). 【答案】gave me strength and brought me relief 【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：音乐给了我快乐。当我听音乐时，它使我的精神像风筝一样在风中飞翔。音乐给了我力量，给了我解脱。给了我力量译为“give me strength”，给我带来了轻松译为“ bring me relief”，并用and连接，根据上文When I listened to music可知应用一般过去时，故填gave me strength and brought me relief。 2．She discovered to her pleasure, a (做……的本事、天赋) making her fellow guests laugh. 【答案】talent for 【详解】考查名词和短语。句意： 她高兴地发现一个把她同来的客人逗笑的本事。根据汉语提示，talent for“对……天赋”符合句意，不定冠词修饰用单数，故填talent for。 3．It is important to recognize that each person has his own (长处和短处). 【答案】strengths and weaknesses 【详解】考查名词。句意：认识到每个人都有自己的长处和短处是很重要的。分析句子，设空处使用名词短语作宾语。表示“长处和短处”用strengths and weaknesses。故填strengths and weaknesses。 4．The other team just couldn’t (跟上他的力量和速度). 【答案】keep up with his energy and speed/keep up with his strength and speed 【详解】考查短语。句意：对方球队就是跟不上他的力量和速度。keep up with跟上；energy/strength and speed力量和速度。情态动词couldn’t后接动词原形。根据汉语提示及句意，故填keep up with his energy/strength and speed。 5．I am fond of reading because when I read, I (觉得我自己好像在和作者交流). 【答案】feel like I am communicating with the writer 【详解】考查固定短语、宾语从句和名词。句意：我喜欢阅读，因为当我阅读时，我觉得我是在和作者交流。表示“感觉像”用feel like，本句描述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，主语为I，谓语用动词原形。“我自己好像在和作者交流”用宾语从句。宾语从句中：表示“我”用I，作主语；表示“和某人交流”用communicate with，表示正在发生的动作，句子时态用现在进行时；表示“作者”用writer，作with的宾语，此处为特指，writer前加the，从句不缺少成分或含义，用that引导，that也可以省略。故填feel like I am communicating with the writer。 6．We’re incredibly proud to help them build this program and let them (知道我们有多重视他们的辛勤工作)． 【答案】know how much we value their hard work 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们非常自豪能帮助他们建立这个项目，让他们知道我们多么重视他们的辛勤工作。let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。知道用动词“know”，后面接how much引导的宾语从句。重视用动词“value”，根据主句可知宾语从句中用一般现在时态。辛勤工作翻译为“hard work”。故填know how much we value their hard work。 四、语法填空 “Don’t judge a book by its cover,” the old saying goes. Unfortunately, as a teenager, that is often exactly what you do to 7 (you). Standards of beauty in the media can have a big influence 8 what you think of your physical appearance. These standards are simply 9 (possible) for most of the population to live up to. If you have friends 10 are good-looking or have a great fashion sense, it can feel like you are living in their shadow. The external influences are always present, 11 there are certainly ways to deal with them. First of all, be careful not to follow popular beauty standards 12 (blind). Another tip is to recognize that you are unique and talk about your feelings with someone you trust. 13 (hear) how much they value you can help you feel comfortable in your own skin. Finally, 14 is a good idea to try to direct your attention away from negative thoughts. 15 (achieve) this, you should do something you enjoy. You may often judge yourself by what is on the outside, not on the inside. However, like a book, your contents are much 16 (important) than your cover. 【答案】 7．yourself 8．on 9．impossible 10．who/that 11．but 12．blindly 13．Hearing 14．it 15．To achieve 16．more important 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。“不要以貌取人”，但媒体对美的标准会很大程度上影响你对自己外表的看法。文章介绍了应对方法。 7．考查反身代词。句意:不幸的是，作为一个十几岁的孩子，那恰好是你经常对自己做的。空格处作介词to的宾语，且指代空格前的you，应用反身代词。故填yourself。 8．考查固定搭配。句意：媒体对美的标准会很大程度上影响你对自己外表的看法。固定短语：have a/an...influence on...意为“对……产生/有……的影响”。故填on。 9．考查形容词。句意：这些标准对大多数人来说根本不可能达到。根据语境和常识可知，大部分人达到媒体对美的标准是不可能的，应用possible的反义词impossible作表语。故填impossible。 10．考查定语从句。句意：如果你的朋友长得很好看，或者很有时尚感，你可能会觉得你活在他们的阴影里。空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为friends，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that引导从句。故填who/that。 11．考查连词。句意：外部影响总是存在的，但肯定有办法应对它们。根据语境可知，上下文在意思上构成转折，应用表示转折的并列连词。故填but。 12．考查副词。句意：首先，要注意不要盲目地遵循流行的审美标准。空格处修饰动词follow，应用副词作状语。故填blindly。 13．考查动名词。句意：倾听他们对你的重视可以帮助你对自己的处境感到舒服。分析句子成分可知，空格处作主语，表示一般性的动作，应用动名词，注意首字母大写。故填Hearing。 14．考查代词。句意：最后，试着把你的注意力从消极的想法中转移开是个好主意。分析句子成分可知，空格处作形式主语，后面的动词不定式短语作真正的主语。故填it。 15．考查动词不定式。句意：要做到这一点，你应该做一些你喜欢的事情。空格处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语，注意首字母大写。故填To achieve。 16．考查形容词的比较级。句意：然而，就像一本书一样，你的内容比封面重要得多。根据语境和空后的than可知空格处应用形容词的比较级。故填more important。 五、阅读理解 For some people, music is no fun at all. About 4% of the population is what scientists call “amusic”. People who are amusics are born without the ability to enjoy musical notes. Amusic people often cannot tell the differences between two songs. As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amusics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. In fact, most people cannot understand what it feels like to be an amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping centre can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics have to stay away from places where there is music. Besides, this can result in social loneliness. “I used to hate parties,” says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was an amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify this unusual condition. Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from those of people who can enjoy music. The difference is complex, and it is not connected with poor hearing. Amusics can understand other non-musical sounds well. They also have no problem understanding common speeches. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colours. Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed (诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her music problem. Now she knows that she is not alone. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say ‘No, thanks. I’m an amusic,’” says Margaret. 1．What do we know about amusics? A．They like music. B．They are born unable to enjoy music. C．They don’t like music. D．They have poor hearing. 2．Why is life hard for amusics mainly? A．They know they cannot enjoy music. B．They hate parties, restaurants or shopping centres. C．They try to stay at the places full of music. D．It may be hard for them to integrate into the community. 3．What causes amusics to be different from most people according to scientists? A．Their lack of ability to see colours. B．Their poor hearing. C．Their brains. D．Their problems with speech. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Some people’s inability to enjoy music. B．Some people’s musical ability. C．Amusics’ strange behaviour. D．The diagnosis and treatment of amusics. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了没有音乐欣赏能力的一类人，他们被称为“音盲”。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People who are amusics are born without the ability to enjoy musical notes.“（有amusics的人天生没有欣赏音符的能力。）可知， amusics指的是那些生来就没有音乐欣赏能力的人。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Life can be hard for amusics. In fact, most people cannot understand what it feels like to be an amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping centre can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics have to stay away from places where there is music. Besides, this can result in social loneliness. ”（对于音盲来说，生活可能很艰难。事实上，大多数人无法理解成为一名音盲是什么感觉。只是去餐馆或购物中心可能会感到不舒服甚至痛苦。这就是为什么许多音盲必须远离有音乐的地方。此外，这可能会导致社交孤独。）可知，没有音乐欣赏能力的人只能尽量待在没有音乐的地方，甚至去餐厅或是去商场对他们而言都很难，此外，这还可能让他们在社交层面感到孤独。由此可推知，生活对他们而言很难的原因是他们可能难以融入社会。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段开头的“Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different from those of people who can enjoy music.”（科学家表示，音盲大脑与能享受音乐的人的大脑不同。）可知，科学家们认为导致音盲与大多数人不同的原因是他们的大脑不同。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“About 4% of the population is what scientists call “amusic”. People who are amusics are born without the ability to enjoy musical notes. Amusic people often cannot tell the differences between two songs.”（大约4% 的人口是科学家所说的“音盲”。音盲的人生来就没有欣赏音符的能力。音盲常常分辨不出两首歌之间的区别。）可知，本文主要介绍了没有音乐欣赏能力的一类人，他们被称为“音盲”。文章就这类人的特点展开介绍。A 项“一些没有音乐欣赏能力的人”能概括文章主旨。故选A。 六、七选五 Happiness begins from appreciation If you are feeling that life just cannot be any worse for you, it can be challenging to think positive. When stressed, depressed, upset or otherwise in a negative state of mind because you are aware that misfortune keeps occurring, it is important to shift those negative thoughts to something positive. 5 It is often very hard to think positive when so many things are negative, but be sure that someone, somewhere is worse off than you. 6 If you start with one small, positive thing and appreciate it during the course of your day, you will begin to move into a more positive situation and people will start showing up in your life. With appreciation, you will find that over time, you will change your outlook and choose to be happy, regardless of the events around you. 7 ● Begin and end each day with a “Thank you for this wonderful, glorious day!” ● When you see the rise of gas prices, say “I am so glad to have a vehicle in which to get around.” ● When your boss is too hard on you, say “I am grateful for my job as I know that many don’t have one.” ● If you are having health problems, be grateful for what does work: “I really do appreciate it that my eyes see, my ears hear, my mouth tastes, my legs walk, my arms lift and my mind thinks and everything else works.” ● Write down what you’re grateful for each day. In moments when you’re feeling really down, read loud what you wrote previously. 8 If you practice this regularly, you will find your list getting longer and longer. The key is to move yourself into a positive thought and keep it there long enough to make it a moment of appreciation. 9 A．This will certainly help uplift your spirits. B．If not, you will only attract more misfortune. C．It is of great importance to learn to be grateful. D．The more you appreciate, the happier you’ll be. E．If you have made some achievements in your career. F．Here are a few common examples for you to practice. G．You can choose to think differently by beginning with the smallest of steps. 【答案】5．B 6．G 7．F 8．A 9．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。它告诉人们：幸福从欣赏开始。 5．上文提到“当你意识到不幸不断发生的时候，当你感到压力、沮丧、沮丧或其他消极情绪时，重要的是把消极的想法转变为积极的事情。”承接上文，B项 If not, you will only attract more misfortune.“如果没有，你只会招来更多的不幸。”切题。该项中的not指的就是上文中的“把消极的想法转变为积极的事情。” 6．上文提到“当很多事情都是消极的时候，你很难去想积极的事情，但是要确信某人，在某个地方比你更糟糕。”承接上文，G项 You can choose to think differently by beginning with the smallest of steps.“通过从最小的步骤开始，你可以选择不同的思维方式。”切题。该项中的smallest与上文中的worse off than you对应。 7．空格3下文提供了一些供你练习的常见例子。承接下文，F项 Here are a few common examples for you to practice.“这里有一些常见的例子供你练习。”切题。 8．上文提到“当你情绪低落的时候，大声朗读你以前写的东西。”承接上文，A项This will certainly help uplift your spirits.“这肯定有助于振奋精神。”切题。该项中的This指的就是“read loud what you wrote previously.” 9．上文提到“关键是要把自己变成一个积极的想法，让它保持足够长的时间，让它成为一个感激的时刻。”承接上文，D项The more you appreciate, the happier you’ll be.“你越感激，你就会越快乐。”切题。该项中的appreciate与上文的appreciation对应。 2 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$