精品解析：浙江省宁波市九校2024-2025学年高一上学期期末联考英语试卷

绝密★考试结束前 宁波市2024学年第一学期期末九校联考高一英语试题 考生须知： 1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第IⅡ卷(非选择题)。满分150分，考试时间120分钟; 2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字; 3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效; 4.考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。 第I卷 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题纸上。 第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有1秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the woman doing? A. Learning to drive. B. Driving her own car. C. Showing the man how to drive. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: I got my license yesterday. I wonder if you can let me drive your car. W: Yes, of course, as long as you drive it as carefully as I am doing it. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the dormitory. B. In the bookstore. C. In the classroom. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】M: Excuse me. I wonder if I can use your dictionary. I left mine in the dormitory. W: Help yourself. It’s on my desk over there. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does Laura need at the moment? A. Blame. B. Encouragement. C. Help with her chemistry. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】W: Laura didn’t pass the final exam in chemistry. M: She must be very sad. W: Her parents scolded her strictly and she’s very upset now. M: At a time like this, what she needs is a pat on the back rather than blame. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What day is it today? A. Thursday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: Will you take part in the football match Saturday? M: That’s the day after tomorrow. I’m afraid not. I have to set aside three days to prepare for the math exam next week. 第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 5. What does the man complain? A. He can’t sit next to his wife. B. He can’t get a business-class ticket. C. There are no tickets available. 6. Where will the man and his wife sit? A. In economy class. B. In business class. C. One in 38-G and one in 44-A. 【答案】5. A 6. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Excuse me. Hi, there must be some mistake. We got our tickets at the ticket counter, but when we looked at our boarding passes, we found that we’re not seated together. I’m in 38-G and my wife is in 44-A. W: Yes, sir, I know, and I’m terribly sorry about that. You see, we’re completely full in economy. I’m afraid there’s nothing we can do about it. M: But, please, we just have to sit together. Couldn’t you do anything about it? W: You know, let me just check the computer. Hey, it’s your lucky day! We do have two together in business class with a really delicious dinner tonight. M: I really appreciate that. My wife will be really happy. I’m sure. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 7. When does the conversation take place? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 8. What advantage does running bring the man? A. It makes him sleep well. B. It keeps him energetic. C. It helps him lose weight. 9. When does the man plan to attend a yoga class? A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. 【答案】7. A 8. B 9. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi, Andy! Have you been running here for a while? M: Yeah. I come here every morning. W: Are you trying to lose weight? M: Not really. I love starting the day with some exercise. It gives me more energy, and I just feel calmer all day long. So, what’s new with you these days, Sarah? W: Well, I’ve taken up a new hobby. I’m in a school to learn yoga. M: I’ve never done yoga. My doctor told me it might help one sleep better, though. W: It certainly will. Hey, you should come to the school. The teacher gives lessons for free on Mondays and Wednesdays. M: Free? Wow, it is Tuesday today. I can go tomorrow. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Where does David Smith work? A. In the United States. B. In Canada. C. In the United Kingdom. 11. Who influenced David Smith? A. A great director. B. His uncle. C. His teacher. 12. What do we know about David Smith? A. He started a film company at the age of 16. B. He earned lots of money in Canada. C. He is a successful film maker. 【答案】10. A 11. B 12. C 【解析】 【原文】M: So we have to do a talk on a successful person in our next term. W: Yes, do you have any ideas? M: Well, I’ve been on the Internet and picked out one. His name’s David Smith and he’s a film maker in New York in the United States of America. W: Sounds great. M: Yes. He’s the managing director of a very big film company. W: So what made him successful? M: His uncle was a film student and because of that, he started making short films when he was only 16. W: That’s quite young. M: Yes. Then he won an amount of money to go to Canada and study film and that’s how he developed in the film world. W: Great. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Recommend a car to her. B. Get a car checked. C. Rent her a car. 14. What can the woman find online about the car? A. Its original owner’s information. B. The wear on its tires. C. Its driving history. 15. What does the man think of the car? A. It has potential security problems. B. It has been severely damaged. C. It’s a good car worth buying. 16. What’s the car like? A. It’s a second-hand car. B. It’s a brand-new car. C. It’s a high-end car. 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. C 16. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Could you take a few minutes and see if there are any problems with this car? M: I am happy to help. W: Where should we begin? M: It’s a used car. We need to look inside and outside for signs of an accident or major damage. Also, we need to look for wear on the tires. W: If I go online, I can also check to see if the car has been involved in a major accident, right? M: Yes, you can check the history of the car online. W: Will you take a drive with me to check its handling? M: A test drive would be good. But first let’s make sure that the turn signals, radio, lights, and seats work properly. W: I appreciate you helping me figure out what to look for. M: My pleasure. This seems to be a solid car and a good choice for you. W: Thanks a lot. I will take it. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How many books has Sparks sold in all? A. Nearly 65 million. B. About 75million. C. Over 97 million. 18. What does the Nicholas Sparks Foundation do? A. It helps poor kids get an education. B. It provides books for rural communities. C. It creates scholarships for gifted children. 19. What can we learn about Sparks? A. He lives a successful but lonely life. B. He thinks education has changed his life. C. All his books have been made into movies. 【答案】17. C 18. A 19. B 【解析】 【原文】 Nicholas Sparks is an American author and storyteller whose books have consistently been turned into major Hollywood films. Although not all of his books were sold to Hollywood, all have been The New York Times best-sellers. He has sold over 97 million copies worldwide, with over 65 million of them within the United States alone. He lives with his family in North Carolina. He is also considered to be very generous with his money. In 2011, he created the Nicholas Sparks Foundation to make more educational opportunities available to children from poor families. His foundation, which he started with his wife, creates scholarships for children from low-income families in rural communities. Sparks has had a very successful career, and he owes that to education. “The education I received prepared me for the world I would be facing in the future,” he said. Even though he is worth an estimated 75 million dollars or so, Sparks seems to live the values he presents in his books. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分60分) 第一节：(共19个小题;每小题2.5分，满分47.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将项涂黑。 A Do you know the most popular European landmarks?There are a host of tourist attractions that engage both the mind and the eye,like the Louvre.Here are some recommendations you can’t afford to miss while touring around Europe. Basílica Notre-Dame de Fourviere (富维耶圣母院) Sacre Coeur may be France’s best-known church on a hill, but Lyon’s Basílica Notre-Dame de Fourviere is also quite a sight to behold. Enjoy it from the streets of the old town, then take a cable car up the hill to go inside. Once you’re done touring the church, you can take in panoramic (全景的) views of this pretty city. Spanish Steps Sure, Spain has many pretty steps, but none are as famous as Rome’s Spanish Steps which get their name because they’re located in the Spanish Plaza. One of the unmissable attractions in the city, they’re even featured in Audrey Hepburn’s classic film, Roman Holiday. Plitvice Lakes National Park Plitvice Lakes National Park make people visit Croatia’s (克罗地亚的) often neglected inland. While you won’t be able to swim in the inviting water, you can walk through wooden pathways, paddle or boat around the lakes, admiring the natural beauty. Meteora Greece is known for its rocky islands with whitewashed homes overlooking the deep blue Mediterranean Sea. But never neglecting the mainland. Go to Meteora, in which there are six monasteries (修道院).You’ll need at least two days to hike from monastery to monastery while taking in the beauty of the structures and the landscape that surrounds them. 20. Which landmark can be found in the classic film Roman Holiday? A. Basílica Notre-Dame de Fourviere. B. Spanish Steps. C. Plitvice Lakes National Park. D. Meteora. 21. Which of the following is true? A. Basilica Notre-Dame de Fourviere lies in a street of the old town. B. Rome’s Spanish Steps are so called due to its location in Spain. C. You can enjoy swimming when visiting Plitvice Lakes National Park. D. Greece is a famous European country by the Mediterranean Sea. 22. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. A travel journal. B. A research report. C. A tourist guidebook. D. A geography book. 【答案】20. B 21. D 22. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了一些在欧洲旅行时不能错过的景点。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据Spanish Steps部分中“One of the unmissable attractions in the city, they’re even featured in Audrey Hepburn’s classic film,Roman Holiday.(作为这座城市不可错过的景点之一，它们甚至出现在奥黛丽·赫本的经典电影《罗马假日》中)”可知，在经典影片《罗马假日》中可以看到西班牙台阶，故选B。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Meteora部分中“Greece is known for its rocky islands with whitewashed homes overlooking the deep blue Mediterranean Sea.(希腊以其多岩石的岛屿而闻名，岛上的白色房屋俯瞰着深蓝色的地中海)”可知，希腊是地中海沿岸著名的欧洲国家，故选D。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Here are some recommendations you can’t afford to miss while touring around Europe.(这里有一些你在欧洲旅行时不能错过的建议)”可知，文章介绍了一些在欧洲旅行时不能错过的景点，最可能出自一篇旅游指南，故选C。 B My nanny took care of me from the time I was born until I was 15. She lived with my family in our apartment in Hong Kong. My parents had government jobs and worked long hours, so they needed someone to change my diapers, pick me up from school and steam me fish, Chinese style. Nanny Zeny was from the Philippines. She was the same age and height — five feet — as my mother but her skin was more tanned and she had a distinct mole (痣) on her lower lip. The only time she took off was on Sundays, when she would put on makeup, spritz some perfume (香水) and head to church with the other Filipino nannies who were her friends. In the hours before my parents came home from work, Nanny Zeny would take the chopping boards to the dining table and listen to me complain about classmates, friends and homework. As she worked her way through the choy sum and gai lan (vegetables she knew I liked), she would give advice in the form of quotes from the Bible. It was hard for me to view her as anything but a second mother. From time to time, my real mother talked to Nanny Zeny about not completing certain chores properly, and my mother would wonder why I always defended her. Even after leaving Hong Kong in 2015 to attend high school in the United States, and eventually university in Canada, I still found myself thinking about Nanny Zeny, who also left Hong Kong and went back to the Philippines. I knew I was on her mind, too — she continued sending me birthday wishes on Facebook, asking how my parents were doing and forwarding me inspiring Biblical quotes. In December 2019, I visited her house in the Philippines and was surprised to see that her living room was plastered with (贴满) relics from my childhood. My parents regularly sent Nanny Zeny a small sum of money. For years I had thought it was simply a way to thank her for all those hours she spent cooking and cleaning. But as I grew older, I began to understand why my parents felt a deep sense of gratitude for her influence on my emotional and moral development. 23. What did Nanny Zeny do for the author during his growth? A. She advised me on my troubles. B. She cooked me her favorite dishes. C. She sent me to school every day. D. She instructed me in my studies. 24. After Nanny Zeny retired, how did they keep in touch with each other? A. The author paid a yearly visit to Nanny Zeny’s house. B. They celebrated the author’s birthday together every year. C. My parents offered AuntieZeny some money occasionally. D. Nanny Zeny communicated with the author on social media. 25. Which of the following can best describe Nanny Zeny? A. Fashionable and careful. B. Caring and patient. C. Hardworking and creative. D. Responsible and humorous. 26. What can we learn from the relationship between Nanny Zeny and the author? A. Love conquers all. B. Love me, love my dog. C. Love is a two-way street. D. Love makes the world go round. 【答案】23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与保姆Nanny Zeny的故事，她照顾作者长大，离开后两人仍保持联系，体现了彼此间深厚的情感。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“In the hours before my parents came home from work, Nanny Zeny would take the chopping boards to the dining table and listen to me complain about classmates, friends and homework. As she worked her way through the choy sum and gai lan (vegetables she knew I liked), she would give advice in the form of quotes from the Bible.(在我父母下班回家前的几个小时里，Nanny Zeny会把砧板拿到餐桌上，听我抱怨同学、朋友和家庭作业。当她处理我喜欢的菜心和芥蓝时，她会以引用《圣经》的方式给我建议)”可知，Nanny Zeny会就作者遇到的麻烦给作者建议。故选A项。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“I knew I was on her mind, too — she continued sending me birthday wishes on Facebook, asking how my parents were doing and forwarding me inspiring Biblical quotes.(我知道她也惦记着我——她继续在脸书上给我送生日祝福，询问我父母的情况，并转发给我鼓舞人心的《圣经》语录)”可知，Nanny Zeny退休后，通过社交媒体与作者保持联系。故选D项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In the hours before my parents came home from work, Nanny Zeny would take the chopping boards to the dining table and listen to me complain about classmates, friends and homework. As she worked her way through the choy sum and gai lan (vegetables she knew I liked), she would give advice in the form of quotes from the Bible.(在我父母下班回家前的几个小时里，Nanny Zeny会把砧板拿到餐桌上，听我抱怨同学、朋友和家庭作业。当她处理我喜欢的菜心和芥蓝时，她会以引用《圣经》的方式给我建议)”可知，Nanny Zeny会耐心倾听作者的抱怨并给予建议，说明她很有耐心(patient)且关心他人(caring)。故选B项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Even after leaving Hong Kong in 2015 to attend high school in the United States, and eventually university in Canada, I still found myself thinking about Nanny Zeny (即使在2015年离开香港去美国上高中，最终去加拿大上大学，我仍然发现自己会想起Nanny Zeny)”和“I knew I was on her mind, too — she continued sending me birthday wishes on Facebook, asking how my parents were doing and forwarding me inspiring Biblical quotes.(我知道她也惦记着我——她继续在脸书上给我送生日祝福，询问我父母的情况，并转发给我鼓舞人心的《圣经》语录)”可知，作者和Nanny Zeny彼此牵挂，体现了他们之间的爱是相互的。所以“Love is a two way street.(爱有来有往)”最能描述他们之间的关系。故选C项。 C With its summit standing at an incredible 29,032 feet, Mount Everest is the world’s highest mountain above sea level. Now it’s getting even taller, thanks to the growth caused by a nearby river, according to a new study. Mount Everest sits on the border of Nepal and Tibet in the Himalayan mountain range. The huge landmark is already about 800 feet taller than the other peaks in the region and continues to grow every year by about 0.079 inches. That’s about the width of a spaghetti noodle, according to The New York Times. It might not seem like much, but it adds up over time. A team of scientists set out to understand how Everest got so tall in the first place and what causes its ongoing growth. By means of computer modeling, they studied how the waterways in the region had changed in the past. They found that the Arun River, which runs along the Himalayas in Everest’s shadow, played an especially important role in Everest’s development. About 89,000 years ago, the team found, a massive river system called the Kosi merged (合并) with the Arun and formed one large waterway. The massive, powerful river gradually wore away billions of tons of rock and soil, creating a deep channel. Over time, as the erosion (侵蚀) continued and the material that makes up the land was carried away, Earth’s crust (地壳) became lighter in that area. The lighter crust floated more easily on top of Earth’s mantle (地幔), allowing the mantle to push the crust upward and causing Everest to grow. The Arun River has made Everest between 49 and 164 feet taller than it would otherwise be, the scientists said. Adam Smith, one of the study’s authors, told BBC News, “It’s a bit like throwing a load of cargo off a ship. The ship becomes lighter and so floats a little higher. Similarly, when the crust becomes lighter, it can float a little higher.” Another study author Jin-Gen Dai said, “Although mountains may appear to stand still from the angle of a human lifetime, they are in fact constantly in motion.” 27. What is the direct cause of the ongoing growth of Mount Everest according to the study? A. The formation of a large waterway. B. The creation of a deep channel. C. The continuous erosion of the land. D. The upward movement of the crust. 28. How did the scientists carry out the study on the historical change of the waterways in the region? A. By setting up a database. B. By referring to former studies. C. By using computer modeling. D. By cooperating with experts. 29. Which of the following statements is true? A. The original height of Mount Everest stood at a surprising 29,032 feet. B. Compared to other mountains, Mount Everest is around 800 feet taller. C. It’s estimated that Mount Everest will grow annually by about 0.079 feet. D. The merger of the Kosi and the Arun dates back to around 89,000 years ago. 30. What is the meaning of the underlined word in the last paragraph? A. Danger. B. Progress. C. Existence. D. Operation. 【答案】27. D 28. C 29. D 30. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，根据一项新的研究，由于附近一条河流的增长，珠穆朗玛峰现在变得更高了。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The lighter crust floated more easily on top of Earth’s mantle (地幔), allowing the mantle to push the crust upward and causing Everest to grow.(较轻的地壳更容易漂浮在地幔的顶部，使地幔向上推动地壳，从而导致珠穆朗玛峰的增高)”可知，珠穆朗玛峰变高的直接原因是地壳的向上运动，故选D。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“By means of computer modeling, they studied how the waterways in the region had changed in the past.(通过计算机建模，他们研究了该地区的水道在过去是如何变化的)”可知，科学家是通过使用电脑建模对该地区水道的历史变化进行研究的，故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“About 89,000 years ago, the team found, a massive river system called the Kosi merged (合并) with the Arun and formed one large waterway.(研究小组发现，大约89000年前，一个被称为Kosi的巨大河流系统与Arun合并，形成了一条大水道)”可知，Kosi和Arun的合并可以追溯到大约89000年前，故选D。 【30题详解】 词句猜测题。划线词前文“Although mountains may appear to stand still from the angle of a human lifetime”和主句有让步转折关系，故此处指“虽然从人类一生的角度来看，山脉似乎静止不动，但实际上它们一直在运动”，motion意为“运动”，故选B。 D A “bucket list” is a personal list of goals and activities someone wants to accomplish before the end of their life. Fortunately, I’ve been able to check off quite a lot of mine. It was after the loss of several loved ones that I decided to make my bucket list so that, when I reflect on my life, I’ll smile and know that I grabbed every chance at happiness that I could. I’ve achieved some of the things on my bucket list — hiking the Plank Road in the Sky on Mount Huashan in Shaanxi province; diving off the highest platform of 15 meters into the sea at Ariel’s Point in Boracay, the Philippines; doing the world’s highest commercial bungee jump at 233 meters off Macao Tower in the Macao Special Administrative Region; octopus fishing in the Yellow Sea off South Korea; and much more. The top item on my bucket list, however, is much more difficult to achieve. Being adopted from South Korea to the United States in 1976,I have been searching for my biological parents for the past several years. I can’t help but worry that they may not still be living.But having this item at the top of my list urges me to keep trying and I’m planning to visit Seoul in October to continue the search. When I’ve talked about my bucket list to some friends, the feedback I’ve received from them is that it seems “a bit abnormal”. Like, if you have a list,you’re thinking about your death way too early. As you get older,the list may change.And that’s OK.Whether it includes visiting certain countries, getting in better physical shape, buying a particular item or just spending more time with loved ones,there is no wrong way to do a bucket list.Your list can include short-term goals, once-in-a-lifetime experiences or just personal goals.It can give a boost to your motivation and force you to take breaks when you might not otherwise think of doing so. I consider my bucket list as a way to keep my hopes and dreams alive;a north star by which I can steer my life. 31. When did theauthor make up her mind to plan her bucket list? A. When she was close to death. B. After her loved ones passed away. C. After she was adopted to America. D. When she was seeking her parents. 32. Which item on her bucket list has NOT been achieved? A. Going hiking on Mount Huashan. B. Bungee jumping off Macao Tower. C. Fishing octopuses in the Yellow Sea. D. Being reunited with her birth parents. 33. What is the attitude of some friends to her bucket list? A. Negative. B. Uninterested. C. Understanding. D. Unclear. 34. Which is NOT the benefit of making a bucket list according to the author? A. Guiding through one’s life. B. Inspiring hopes and dreams. C. Taking breaks regularly. D. Increasing one’s motivation. 【答案】31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者制定并实现“遗愿清单”的经历和感受，包括已经完成的一些目标、尚未实现的最重要目标，以及作者对“遗愿清单”的看法和态度。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It was after the loss of several loved ones that I decided to make my bucket list so that, when I reflect on my life, I’ll smile and know that I grabbed every chance at happiness that I could.(在失去几位挚爱之人后，我决定制定自己的人生清单，这样当我回顾人生时，就能微笑着知道自己抓住了所有能获得幸福的机会。)”可知，作者是在失去几位挚爱之人后决定制定人生清单的。故选B。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The top item on my bucket list, however, is much more difficult to achieve. Being adopted from South Korea to the United States in 1976, I have been searching for my biological parents for the past several years. I can’t help but worry that they may not still be living. But having this item at the top of my list urges me to keep trying and I’m planning to visit Seoul in October to continue the search.(然而，我人生清单上的首要目标却难实现得多。1976 年我从韩国被收养到美国，过去几年里我一直在寻找亲生父母。我不禁担心他们可能已不在人世，但这个首要目标促使我不断尝试，我计划10月前往首尔继续寻找。)”可知，作者提到寻找亲生父母是人生清单的首要目标，且计划 10月去首尔继续寻找，说明此事尚未完成。故选D。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“When I’ve talked about my bucket list to some friends, the feedback I’ve received from them is that it seems “a bit abnormal”. Like, if you have a list, you’re thinking about your death way too early.(当我和一些朋友谈论人生清单时，他们反馈说这似乎 有点反常。比如，有人觉得列这样的清单意味着过早思考死亡。)”可知，朋友们认为作者的人生清单有点反常，并觉得列清单意味着过早思考死亡。体现出朋友们对清单持不认同的态度。故选A。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“It can give a boost to your motivation and force you to take breaks when you might not otherwise think of doing so.(它能激发你的动力，迫使你在原本不会想到的时候停下来休息。)”可知，制定人生清单“迫使你在原本不会想到的时候休息”，而非“定期休息”。因此，选项C“Taking breaks regularly(定期休息)”不属于清单的益处。故选C。 E Companies are used to celebrating addition. Profits, customers and share prices should go up rather than fall. Larger numbers are a measure of career success: managers get promoted by taking on more reports, running higher budgets and earning bigger salaries. Companies are not always against subtraction (减法) . Though not a welcome one, reducing costs is a necessary part of management, which is often undervalued. The best bosses are those who take things away as well as add them on. That means clearing time for employees to get work done. Meetings are almost always called by bosses, but only some of them are useful. Shopify, an e-commerce company, began the year by subtracting 12,000 meetings from their schedules, and reported a rise in productivity as a result. Subtraction is not just about removing day-to-day distractions (干扰) . It’s also about taking decisions to kill off projects and products that are going nowhere, and to focus efforts on the most important parts. Peter Drucker, a management theorist, was a supporter of “planned subtraction” , so that resources that are tied up in minor activities are freed for more profitable use. Bosses should, he advised, always ask the same question of every detail of the company: “If we did not do this, would it be any different?” In The Case for Good Jobs, a new book, Zeynep Ton of MIT Sloan School of Management argues that doing less can often make sense. Costco, a famous American supermarket that believes in the “smart loss of sales”, has purposely limited product choices. That means it can focus its buying power more effectively, forecast demand more accurately and use its employees’ time more productively. “Less” may not sound like a great result for customers, but at some point choice is deeply tiring. When you have spent more time trying to decide what to watch on a streaming service than it takes to go to the cinema and watch the same film twice, few choices seem pretty attractive. 35. Why does the author mention the company Shopify in paragraph 2? A. To present a fact. B. To draw a conclusion. C. To support an opinion. D. To make a comparison. 36. Which statement does Peter Drucker most likely agree with? A. Companies should quit unpromising tasks. B. Bosses should give up profits for resources. C. Bosses shouldn’t remove everyday distractions. D. Companies should focus on some unfinished work. 37. Which of the following measures is regarded as effective “doing less” commercially? A. Stores give customers more time to shop. B. Cinemas run only one particular film a day. C. Streaming websites upload more new movies. D. Supermarkets offer a limited variety of goods. 38. What is the best title of the text? A. The best companies celebrate addition. B. The best bosses know how to subtract work. C. Companies use numbers to measure success. D. Smart bosses go against the idea of subtraction. 【答案】35. C 36. A 37. D 38. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章指出企业管理中减法的重要性，优秀老板应删减会议、淘汰无前景项目，如Shopify和Costco的成功案例所示。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Meetings are almost always called by bosses, but only some of them are useful. Shopify, an e-commerce company, began the year by subtracting 12,000 meetings from their schedules, and reported a rise in productivity as a result.(会议几乎总是由老板召集，但只有一部分有用。电子商务公司 Shopify 年初从日程中减去了 12,000 场会议，结果效率有所提高)”可知，作者先提出“部分会议无意义，减少干扰可提升效率”的观点，再以 Shopify的案例说明“减法”的有效性。引用该案例是为了支持前文观点。故选C项。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Peter Drucker, a management theorist, was a supporter of ‘planned subtraction’, so that resources that are tied up in minor activities are freed for more profitable use.(管理理论家彼得・德鲁克支持‘有计划的减法’，以便将束缚在次要活动中的资源释放出来，用于更有利润的用途)”及“Bosses should, he advised, always ask the same question of every detail of the company: ‘If we did not do this, would it be any different?’(他建议，老板应该总是对公司的每个细节问同一个问题：‘如果我们不做这件事，会有什么不同吗？’)”可知，德鲁克主张放弃无前景的任务，将资源集中在高价值事项上。故选A项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Costco, a famous American supermarket that believes in the ‘smart loss of sales’, has purposely limited product choices. That means it can focus its buying power more effectively, forecast demand more accurately and use its employees’ time more productively.(美国著名超市Costco信奉‘明智的销售损失’，有意限制了产品选择。这意味着它能更有效地集中购买力，更准确地预测需求，并更高效地利用员工时间)”可知，通过减少商品种类提升运营效率是“doing less”的典型案例。故选D项。 【38题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第二段明确提出“The best bosses are those who take things away as well as add them on.(最优秀的老板既懂得做加法，也懂得做减法)”，随后通过Shopify、德鲁克理论及Costco的案例，论证“减法管理”对提升效率的重要性。全文围绕“优秀管理者需掌握减法思维”展开，B选项The best bosses know how to subtract work.(最好的老板知道如何减少工作量)与引文中的核心观点直接呼应，可作为最佳标题。故选B项。 第二节：(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Social activities for the elderly are necessary because they help in bringing about considerable improvement in their overall well-being. ____39____ It may be difficult for them to take care of an entire garden, but a number of small potted indoor plants are just perfect for them. Dance is also what people of any age can enjoy. As elderly people cannot move freely, wheelchair dances have become increasingly popular. ____40____ Then, hire one instructor who specializes in teaching this type of dance. ____41____ Some may have the skills to play the piano for example. Make the necessary arrangements for that particular instrument so that he or she can play that instrument in their leisure time. Besides, there are some creative activities for the elderly, for example, encouraging them to make a collage (拼贴画) using all their family photographs and mementos. All of us love to look at the old photographs. ____42____ They can decorate the collages with small decorative items like leaves and construction paper. Outdoors, fishing, boating, playing golf, etc. are loved by the elderly as they can be done with minimum physical movements. ____43____ Such activities for the elderly in the form of entertainment have a therapeutic (治疗的) effect on their mind and body, making it easier for them to enjoy the leisure time. A. Elderly people are no exception to that. B. They can record their dance in a video recorder. C. Indoors, there are video games with adaptive controls. D. Its basic aim is to improve elderly people’s flexibility. E. Gardening is a typical one that elderly people enjoy a lot. F. Gather a group of such people who have interest in dance. G. The elderly can join a hobby class where they will learn music. 【答案】39. E 40. F 41. G 42. A 43. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是适合老年人参与的各种活动，以提升他们的幸福感和身心健康。 【39题详解】 根据下文“It may be difficult for them to take care of an entire garden, but a number of small potted indoor plants are just perfect for them.(他们可能很难照顾整个花园，但一些小型盆栽室内植物正适合他们)”可知，照顾整个花园对老人来说可能太过困难，由此推知，上文提到了老人照顾花园的工作，E选项“Gardening is a typical one that elderly people enjoy a lot.(园艺是老年人非常喜欢的一种典型活动)”符合文意，gardening呼应下文的garden。故选E项。 【40题详解】 前文提到“Dance is also what people of any age can enjoy. As elderly people cannot move freely, wheelchair dances have become increasingly popular. (舞蹈也是任何年龄段的人都能享受的活动。由于老年人行动不便，轮椅舞蹈越来越受欢迎)”，下文提到“Then, hire one instructor who specializes in teaching this type of dance. (然后，聘请一位专门教授这种舞蹈的教练)”，中间需要一个过渡句，F选项“Gather a group of such people who have interest in dance. (召集一群对舞蹈感兴趣的人)”，先召集人，再聘请教练，符合逻辑。故选F项。 【41题详解】 下文提到“Some may have the skills to play the piano for example. Make the necessary arrangements for that particular instrument so that he or she can play that instrument in their leisure time. (例如，有些人可能会弹钢琴。为那种乐器做好必要的安排，以便他或她可以在闲暇时间弹奏)”，这表明此处是在讲与音乐相关的活动。G选项“The elderly can join a hobby class where they will learn music. (老年人可以参加一个学习音乐的兴趣班)”能够引出下文关于老年人学习音乐的内容。故选G项。 【42题详解】 根据上文“All of us love to look at the old photographs. (我们所有人都喜欢看老照片)”可知，人们都喜欢看老照片，结合下文“They can decorate the collages with small decorative items like leaves and construction paper. (他们可以用树叶和手工纸等小装饰品来装饰拼贴画)”进一步说明老年人在制作拼贴画时可以用到老照片，由此可知，此处涉及到老人也喜欢看老照片，A选项“Elderly people are no exception to that. (老年人也不例外)”能够很好地承接上文，说明老年人也喜欢看老照片。故选A项。 【43题详解】 上文提到“Outdoors, fishing, boating, playing golf, etc. are loved by the elderly as they can be done with minimum physical movements. (在户外，钓鱼、划船、打高尔夫球等活动深受老年人喜爱，因为这些活动所需的身体运动量最小)”，这里在讲户外活动，接下来应该讲室内活动，结合下文“Such activities for the elderly in the form of entertainment have a therapeutic (治疗的) effect on their mind and body, making it easier for them to enjoy the leisure time.(这类以娱乐形式开展的活动对老年人的身心具有治疗作用，使他们更容易享受闲暇时光)”可知，此处总结了上文所涉及到的开展的与老人相关的活动，由此可知，此空仍涉及到与老年人开展的活动相关，C选项“Indoors, there are video games with adaptive controls. (在室内，有带自适应控制的电子游戏)”，从户外转到室内活动的介绍，符合语境。故选C项。 第三部分：语言运用(共四节，满分45分) 第一节：完形填空(共15个小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In 2011 our home near Brisbane was flooded with waters. Where we live is semi rural, and although we had ____44____ many floods before, this time the water was much higher. We watched as the ____45____ water covered our precious beehives (蜂房) . I can’t explain the ____46____ of our hopelessness. There was nothing we could do for them. The honey-laden beehives were far too heavy to move. My husband and I held each other and cried when we ____47____ them disappear. Our 29 ____48____ were safe in the henhouse located on a slight rise—or so we thought. Suddenly we heard ____49____ squawking (尖叫) . Our chickens sensed danger ____50____ the flood waters rose dangerously close to their home. Their squawking was deafening. Suddenly, we saw a small boat with two ____51____ rowing towards us through the pouring rain. Maybe they could save our girls. The chickens were shoved into boxes and taped closed. Then, a few boxes of frightened hens at a time, were put in the boat and ____52____ to the safety of our tractor shed (拖拉机棚). It was ____53____ egg laying time, and the shed was warm and dry. We hung netting across the shed to contain the hens, and using the left-over boxes as nests, we started tearing piles of newspapers to make nesting boxes comfortable for them to lay their eggs. Twenty-four hours and a disturbing noise of chicken poo (拉鸡屎) later, the complaints were coming ____54____ from the hens.The tractors lacked enough space for comfortable resting at night, and the nesting boxes, well excuse me, ____55____ where were the soft wood shavings (刨花) they normally sat on to lay their eggs? ____56____ , the floodwaters subsided (回落) before there was a total revolt (起义)! While they were happily nesting back in Fowl Manor (家禽庄园) , it took us many days to ____57____ the tractors—it is ____58____just how much mess 29 hens can make! We will be forever grateful for the kindness of those two strangers. 44. A. gone through B. looked through C. broken through D. seen through 45. A. clean B. pure C. muddy D. hot 46. A. width B. depth C. length D. height 47. A. watched B. heard C. had D. felt 48. A. ducks B. hens C. cocks D. bees 49. A. curious B. excited C. frightened D. annoyed 50. A. until B. while C. as D. unless 51. A. neighbors B. strangers C. relatives D. fishermen 52. A. flown B. swept C. returned D. rowed 53. A. close to B. back to C. equal to D. up to 54. A. thick and fast B. back and forth C. far and wide D. high and low 55. A. and B. but C. so D. or 56. A. Unluckily B. Particularly C. Unusually D. Thankfully 57. A. clean B. repair C. paint D. bury 58. A. relaxing B. interesting C. boring D. surprising 【答案】44. A 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. C 51. B 52. D 53. A 54. A 55. B 56. D 57. A 58. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述2011年布里斯班附近家园被淹，蜂房被毁，陌生人划船救29只母鸡，作者感激其善举。 【44题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。 句意：我们居住的地方是半农村地区，虽然我们以前经历过很多次洪水，但这次的水位要高得多。A. gone through经历；B. looked through浏览；C. broken through突破；D. seen through看透。根据下文“many floods before”以及语境可知，此处指经历过多次洪水。故选A项。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：我们看着浑浊的水淹没了我们珍贵的蜂房。A. clean干净的；B. pure纯净的；C. muddy浑浊的；D. hot热的。根据下文“water covered our precious beehives”以及常识可知，洪水带来的水通常是浑浊的，muddy符合语境。故选C项。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意：我无法解释我们绝望的深度。A. width宽度；B. depth深度；C. length长度；D. height高度。根据下文“of our hopelessness”以及语境可知，这里指作者无法解释其绝望的深度，the depth of hopelessness，表示“绝望的深度”，形容绝望程度之深，符合语境。故选B项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意：当我们看着它们消失时，我和丈夫相拥而泣。A. watched观看；B. heard听见；C. had有；D. felt感觉。根据下文“disappear”以及语境可知，这里指作者和丈夫看着蜂房被洪水淹没然后消失。故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意：我们的29只母鸡安全地待在位于小山坡上的鸡舍里 —— 至少我们是这么认为的。A. ducks鸭子；B. hens母鸡；C. cocks公鸡；D. bees蜜蜂。根据下文“Our chickens”可知，此处指母鸡，为原词复现。故选B项。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：突然我们听到惊恐的尖叫声。A. curious好奇的；B. excited兴奋的；C. frightened害怕的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据下文“Our chickens sensed danger”以及语境可知，洪水逼近，鸡感到危险，其叫声应是惊恐的。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查连词辨析。 句意：当洪水危险地接近它们的家时，我们的鸡感觉到了危险。A. until直到；B. while当……时；C. as随着；D. unless除非。根据下文“the flood waters rose dangerously close to their home”以及语境可知，这里应用as，表示“随着”，符合洪水逐渐逼近的语境。故选C项。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意：突然，我们看到一艘小船，有两个陌生人在倾盆大雨中向我们划来。A. neighbors邻居；B. strangers陌生人；C. relatives亲戚；D. fishermen渔民。根据下文“ the kindness of those two strangers”可知，此处指两位“陌生人”，为原词复现。故选B项。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意：然后，一次几箱受惊的母鸡被放进船里，划到拖拉机棚的安全地带。A. flown飞；B. swept扫；C. returned返回；D. rowed划（船）。根据上文“a small boat”以及语境可知，这里指乘船划到安全处。故选D项。 【53题详解】 考查短语辨析。 句意：当时接近产蛋期，棚子又暖又干。A. close to接近；B. back to回到；C. equal to等于；D. up to直到。根据下文“we started tearing piles of newspapers to make nesting boxes comfortable for them to lay their eggs”可知，这里指这些母鸡接近产蛋期，close to egg laying time，表示“接近产蛋期”，符合语境。故选A项。 【54题详解】 考查短语辨析。 句意：24小时后，伴随着令人不安的鸡屎噪音，母鸡们的抱怨纷至沓来。A. thick and fast频繁地；B. back and forth来回地；C. far and wide广泛地；D. high and low到处。根据下文“The tractors lacked enough space for comfortable resting at night”可知，母鸡对新环境不适应，所以这里指母鸡们的抱怨纷至沓来，thick and fast，形容抱怨“频繁发生”，符合语境。故选A项。 【55题详解】 考查连词辨析。 句意：拖拉机棚没有足够的空间让它们晚上舒服地休息，而产蛋箱，嗯，抱歉，但它们平时下蛋时坐的软木屑在哪里？A. and并且；B. but但是；C. so所以；D. or或者。根据下文“where were the soft wood shavings (刨花) they normally sat on to lay their eggs?”以及语境可知，这里强调“本应有的木屑却不存在”，所以应用but 转折，符合语境。故选B项。 【56题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。 句意：谢天谢地，洪水在它们完全“起义”之前退去了！A. Unluckily不幸地；B. Particularly特别地；C. Unusually不同寻常地；D. Thankfully感激地。根据下文“the floodwaters subsided (回落)”可知，这里指洪水退去，这是值得感激的事。故选D项。 【57题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意：当它们在“家禽庄园”里开心地下蛋时，我们花了很多天来清理拖拉机。A. clean清理；B. repair修理；C. paint粉刷；D. bury埋葬。根据上文“a disturbing noise of chicken poo (拉鸡屎)”和下文“how much mess 29 hens can make”可知，这里指需要清理拖拉机上面的鸡粪。故选A项。 【58题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：29只母鸡能制造这么多混乱，这真令人惊讶！A. relaxing放松的；B. interesting有趣的；C. boring聊的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据下文“how much mess 29 hens can make”以及语境可知，这里指鸡制造的混乱程度让人惊讶。故选D项。 第Ⅱ卷 第三部分：语言运用(共四节，满分45分) 第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式 The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was formed in 2001 and now is made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 sniffer dogs. The team brings help and hope to those ____59____ lives are changed by a storm, flood, earthquake, or any other ____60____ (nature) disaster. After long and careful training, the team went on its first international rescue missions in 2003. That year, the Chinese team helped save lives after earthquakes in Algeria and Iran and won high praise for their ____61____ (brave) and skill. Since then, the CISAR ____62____ (complete) many missions. The list of people to whom help has been given is long. The team treated more than 3,000 people who ____63____ (injure) in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia, helped 2,500 wounded people after the earthquake that hit Haiti in 2010, ____64____ spent several months giving aid to over 25,000 victims (受害者) of the 2010 floods in Pakistan. Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries, and hand out food, water and other supplies. After a disaster, there is ____65____ (usual) no electricity or water, and there may be diseases and accidents. Rescue workers get to save lives, but they must also bury ____66____ dead, which means they have to be strong ____67____ both body and mind. Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. It takes a lot of love and courage ____68____ (risk) one’s own life. The members of the CISAR have plenty of both and are always ready to go wherever help is needed. 【答案】59. whose 60. natural 61. bravery 62. has completed 63. were injured 64. and 65. usually 66. the 67. in 68. to risk 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是中国国际救援队（CISAR）自2001年成立以来，如何通过多次国际救援任务为受灾者带来希望与帮助。 【59题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：该团队为那些因风暴、洪水、地震或其他自然灾害而生活发生改变的人们带来帮助和希望。此处为关系词引导的限制性定语从句，关系词替代先行词those与空后的lives之间形成所属关系，因此使用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。 【60题详解】 考查形容词。句意：该团队为那些因风暴、洪水、地震或其他自然灾害而生活发生改变的人们带来帮助和希望。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词disaster，nature的形容词形式为natural意为“自然的”符合句意。故填natural。 【61题详解】 考查名词。句意：那一年，中国救援队在阿尔及利亚和伊朗地震后帮助挽救生命，并因其勇敢和技能赢得了高度赞扬。此处为名词与skill并列，作宾语，brave的名词形式为bravery意为“勇敢”且为不可数名词。故填bravery。 【62题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：自那时起，中国国际救援队已经完成了许多任务。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语Since then可知，此处应使用现在完成时；主语“CISAR”为第三人称单数。故填has completed。 【63题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：救援队治疗了2006年印尼地震中的3000多名伤者，帮助了2010年海地地震中的2500名伤者，并花费数月时间为2010年巴基斯坦洪灾的25000多名受害者提供援助。此处为who引导的限制性定语从句的谓语动词，根据句意以及主句的谓语动词treated可知，此处使用一般过去时，从句主语“who”指代的先行词people，与injure之间为被动关系，所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“who”指代的先行词people为复数意义。故填were injured。 【64题详解】 考查连词。句意：救援队治疗了2006年印尼地震中的3000多名伤者，帮助了2010年海地地震中的2500名伤者，并花费数月时间为2010年巴基斯坦洪灾的25000多名受害者提供援助。spent与上文的treated以及helped为并列关系，所以使用并列连词and连接三个并列句。故填and。 【65题详解】 考查副词。句意：灾难过后，通常没有电力和水源，并可能出现疾病和事故。此处为副词作状语修饰谓语动词is，usual的副词形式为usually意为“通常”符合句意。故填usually。 【66题详解】 考查冠词。句意：救援人员既要挽救生命，也必须掩埋死者，这意味着他们必须身心坚强。the dead为固定表达，意为“死者”。故填the。 【67题详解】 考查介词。句意：救援人员既要挽救生命，也必须掩埋死者，这意味着他们必须在身体和心理上都足够坚强。此处为介词与空后的名词短语构成介宾短语，结合句意，此处表示“在……方面”，用介词in。故填in。 【68题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：冒着生命危险需要极大的爱心和勇气。此处为固定句型“It takes sth. to do sth.”意为“做某事需要某物”，所以此处使用动词不定式形式作真正主语。故填to risk。 第三节：单词拼写(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 根据首字母或中文，在空白处填入适当的单词。 69. Last week, my adviser r________ that I should sign up for advanced literature because I’m fond of it. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】recommended##ecommended 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：上周，我的导师建议我报名高级文学课程，因为我喜欢这门学科。空处为主句谓语动词，根据句意和首字母可知，此空应填recommend，表“推荐”，且由Last week可知，这里应用一般过去时。故填recommended。 70. As the main o________ language of Peru, Spanish is spoken by the majority of its people. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】official##fficial 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为秘鲁的主要官方语言，西班牙语被大多数人使用。名词language前用形容词修饰。根据首字母提示及句意，用形容词official，表示“官方的”之意。故填official。 71. No one is perfect since each of us has s________ and weaknesses. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】strengths##trengths 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：没有人是完美的，因为我们每个人都有优点和缺点。and连接两个并列成分，由weaknesses（缺点）可知，此处应填与“缺点”相对的“优点”，结合首字母s，应用strength表示“优点，长处”，可数名词，应用复数形式strengths与weaknesses保持形式一致。作宾语。故填strengths。 72. Nearly everything here was completely d________because of the great earthquake. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】destroyed##estroyed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、时态和语态。句意：这里几乎所有的东西都因为那场大地震而完全毁坏了。根据下文的earthquake以及首字母提示可知，此处用动词destroy表示“毁坏”，分析句意再根据上文的was可知，此处表被动关系，所以此处用动词的过去分词构成用一般过去时的被动语态。故填destroyed。 73. Only when we learn to exist in h_________ with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】harmony##armony 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物的威胁。分析句子并结合句意可知，空处作介词in的宾语，结合首字母h可知，单词为harmony，in harmony with意思为：与……和谐一致。故填harmony。 74. He ________ (原谅) me my rudeness, but deep down I still felt sorry for my misbehavior. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】forgave 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他原谅了我的无礼，但在内心深处，我仍然为自己的不当行为感到抱歉。根据后半句felt可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“原谅”为forgive ，其过去式为forgave。故填forgave。 75. They hope to ________ (进一步) educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】further 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：他们希望进一步教育人们保护历史文化遗产的重要性。根据提示的汉语可知，表示“进一步”应用副词further，在句中作状语修饰动词educate。故填further。 76. Here is a book for your ________ (参考) when you write an essay on the Chinese writing system. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】reference 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：当你写一篇关于汉字书写系统的文章时，这里有一本书供你参考。根据汉语提示“参考”可知，此处用名词reference作宾语。故填reference。 77. As China plays a greater role in ________ (全球的) affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】global 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：随着中国在全球事务中发挥更大作用，越来越多的国际学生开始欣赏中国的文化和历史。affairs（事务）为名词，需要用形容词来修饰，global意思是“全球的”，符合语境，故填global。 78. Jiuzhaigou is an ________ (极其地) beautiful place with colorful lakes and amazing waterfalls. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】extremely 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：九寨沟是一个极其美丽的地方，有着五彩斑斓的湖泊和令人惊叹的瀑布。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“极其地”应用extremely，为副词，在本句中作状语修饰后面形容词。故填extremely。 第四节：句子翻译(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据中文，翻译下列句子。 79. 曾经有段时间，我在全世界各地旅游。(定语从句) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There was a time when I travelled/was travelling all over/around/throughout the world. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词和定语从句。根据中文提示可知，表示“曾经有段时间”应用There was a time when，这里时态应用一般过去时表过去情况，其中when引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time，并在从句中作时间状语；从句主语“我”I，“旅游”travel，时态可用一般过去时强调动作已发生或者用过去进行时强调动作过去的状态，即travelled/was travelling，“在全世界”all over/around/throughout the world，即I travelled/was travelling all over/around/throughout the world。故翻译为There was a time when I travelled/was travelling all over/around/throughout the world. 80. 正是因为这个原因，他玩电脑游戏上瘾了。(强调句) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It was for this reason that he became/got addicted to (playing) computer games. Or: It is for this reason that he is addicted to (playing) computer games. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语、时态和强调句。根据要求，本句用强调句。强调句的基本结构是“It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who +其他部分”。“因为这个原因”翻译为for this reason；“上瘾”用短语be/become/get addicted to；“（玩）电脑游戏”用短语play computer game；陈述过去事情或现在事实，用一般过去时或一般现在时均可，be动词使用was/is，句中动作对应使用过去式形式或is，介词to后接动名词形式playing computer games或名词短语computer games作宾语。故翻译为It was for this reason that he became/got addicted to (playing) computer games. Or: It is for this reason that he is addicted to (playing) computer games. 81. 许多树正在被砍伐，以至于考拉(koalas)现在处于危险中。(现在进行时被动语态) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Many trees are being cut(down)so (that)koalas are in danger/at risk/endangered now. Or:So many trees are being cut(down)that koalas are in danger/at risk/endangered now. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词和结果状语从句。分析句子可知，表示“许多树正在被砍伐”应用many trees are being cut (down)，为现在进行的被动语态，强调现在动作正在发生；表示“考拉(koalas)现在处于危险中”应用koalas are in danger/at risk/endangered now，为主系表结构，时态为一般现在时表示现在状态；表示“以至于”应用so that，或者so...that，引导结果状语从句。故翻译为Many trees are being cut (down)so (that) koalas are in danger/at risk/endangered now. Or:So many trees are being cut (down) that koalas are in danger/at risk/endangered now. 82. 适应新学校是一个大挑战，但他没有泄气。(动词ing 作主语) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Adapting(himself)to the new school was/is a big challenge, but he didn’t lose/doesn’t lose heart. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和名词。分析句子可知，这里时态可用一般过去时表过去发生的事情，也可用一般现在强调客观情况。表示“适应新学校”可用adapting (himself) to the new school，为动名词短语作主语，adapt (oneself ) to，表“适应于”，为固定搭配；表示“一个大挑战”应用a big challenge，为名词短语作主语；表示“但他没有泄气”应用he didn’t lose/doesn’t lose heart，为主谓宾结构，其中lose heart，表“灰心；丧失信心”，为固定搭配。故翻译为Adapting (himself) to the new school was/is a big challenge, but he didn’t lose/doesn’t lose heart. 83. 无论我去哪，妈妈总会担心我的安全。(让步状语从句) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】No matter where I go, mom is always concerned about/for my safety. Or: Wherever I go, my mom is always worried about my safety. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词和让步状语从句。句子时态应用一般现在时表示客观情况，表示“无论哪里”可用no matter where或者wherever引导让步状语从句；从句主语“我”I，“去”go，主语是I，谓语动词使用原形形式go，主句主语表示“妈妈”应用mom或者my mom，表示“总会担心”应用be always concerned about/for或者be always worried about，主语是mom或者my mom，be动词使用is，表示“我的安全”应用my safety，为介词后宾语。故翻译为No matter where I go, mom is always concerned about/for my safety. Or: Wherever I go, my mom is always worried about my safety. 第四部分：应用文写作(满分15分) 84. 假定你是李华，寒假你跟父母到杭州旅游，期间你给你的美国笔友Richard 发一份电子邮件，内 容包括：1.你对杭州的第一印象；2.你接下来两天在杭的旅行安排；3.询问对方圣诞假期情况。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Richard, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Warm regards, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Richard, Greetings from Hangzhou! Upon arriving here with my parents for winter vacation, I was immediately captivated by its enchanting beauty. The city’s blend of ancient charm and modern vitality has left a deep impression on me. For the next two days, we have planned an exciting schedule. Tomorrow, we are visiting the picturesque West Lake to appreciate its breathtaking scenery and explore various legendary stories. The following day, we’re going to the historic Lingyin Temple, seeking serenity amidst its ancient architecture. My parents and I can’t wait to experience what Hangzhou has to offer. By the way, how was your Christmas holiday? I’m eager to hear about your festive activities. Warm regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国笔友Richard 发一份电子邮件，介绍寒假自己跟父母到杭州旅游的情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 立即：immediately→instantly 令人激动的：exciting→thrilling 欣赏： appreciate→admire 提供：offer→provide 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Upon arriving here with my parents for winter vacation, I was immediately captivated by its enchanting beauty. 拓展句：As soon as I arrived here with my parents for winter vacation, I was immediately captivated by its enchanting beauty. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The following day, we’re going to the historic Lingyin Temple, seeking serenity amidst its ancient architecture. （运用了现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型2】My parents and I can’t wait to experience what Hangzhou has to offer.（运用了what引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Excuse me, hi, there must be some mistake. We got our tickets at the ticket counter, but when we looked at our board and passes, we found that were not seated together. I'm in thirty eight g and my wife is in forty . four eight. Yes, R, I know, and i'm terribly sorry about that. You see, we're completely fall in economy. I'm afraid that we . but please, we just have to sit together. Couldn't you do anything about IT? You know, let me just check the computer. Hey, it's your lucky day. We do have two together in business class with a really delicious dinner tonight. I really appreciate that my wife will be really happy, i'm sure. Excuse me, hi, there must be some mistake. We got our ticket at the ticket counter, but when we looked at our boarding passes, we found that were not seated together. I'm in thirty AG, and my wife is in forty four eight. yes. Ter, I know, and i'm terribly sorry about that. You see, we're completely full in economy. I'm afraid that we have IT. But please, we just have to sit together. Couldn't you do anything about IT? You know, let me just check the computer. Hey, it's your lucky day. We do have two together in business class with a really delicious dinner tonight. I really appreciate that my wife will be really happy, i'm sure. Excuse me, I wonder if I can use your dictionary. I left mine in the dorm. Ory help yourself. It's on my death over there. Nicos Sparks this, an american offer and storyteller whose books have consistently been turned into major hoyo ood films, although not all of his books were so to hoyo ood. I have been the new york times best sellers. He has sold over ninety seven million copies worldwide, with over sixty five million of them within the united states alone. He lives with his family in north CarOlina. He is also consider to be very generous with his money. In two thousand seven, he created the Nicholas Sparks foundation to make more educational opportunities available to children from poor families. His foundation, which he started with his wife, creates scholarships for children from low income families in rural communities. Sparks has had a very successful career, and he owns that to education. The education I received prepared me for the world I would be facing in the future, he said. Even though he is worth estimated five million dollars or so, Sparks seems to like the values he presents in his books. Nicos Sparks, this an american offer and storyteller whose books have consistently been turned into major hoyo ood films, although not all of book were so to wood. I have been the new york times best sellers. He has sold over ninety seven million copies worldwide, with over sixty five million of them within the united states alone. He lives with his family in north CarOlina. He is also consider to be very generous with his money. In two thousand seven, he created the Nicholas Sparks foundation to make more educational opportunities available to children from poor families. His foundation, which he started with his wife, creates scholarships for children from low income families in rural communities. Sparks has had a very successful career, and he ows that to education. The education I received pretious me for the world I would be facing in the future, he said. Even though he is worth than estimated seventy five million dollars or so, Sparks seems to like the values he presents in his books. Laura didn't pass the final exam in chemistry. SHE must be very sad. Her parents . scold her severely, and she's very depressed. Now had a time like this. What he needs is a pat on the back rather than a blame. Will you take part in the football match saturday? That's the day after tomorrow, i'm afraid. Now have to set aside three days to prepare for the mass exam next week. Could you take a few minutes and see if there are any problems with this car? I'm happy to help. Where should we begin? It's a youth car. We need to look inside and outside for signs of an accident or major damage. Also, we need to look for where on the tires. If I go online. I can also check to see if the car has been involved in a major accident, right? Yes, you can check the history of the car online. If with me to check its handling. a test drive would be good, but first let's make sure that the turn signals, radio lights and seats work properly. I appreciate you helping me figure . out what to look for. My pleasure. This seems to be a solid car and a good choice film. Thanks a lot. I will take IT. Could you take a few minutes and see if there are any problems with this car? I am happy to help. Where should we begin? It's a use car. We need to look inside and outside for signs of an accident or major damage. Also, we need to look for where on the tires. If I go online. I can also check to see if the car has been involved in a major accident, right? Yes, you can check the history of the car online. If with me to check its handling. a test drive would be good. But first, let's make sure that the turn signals, radio likes and seats work properly. I appreciate you helping me figure out . what to look for my pleasure. This seems to be a solid car and a good choice film. Thanks a lot. I will take IT. Hi, andy. Have you been . running here for a while? Yeah. I come here every morning. Are you trying to lose weight? Not really. I love starting the day with some exercise. IT gives me more energy, and I just feel calm all day long. So what's . new with you these days, Sarah? Well, I taken up a new hobby. I'm in a school . to learn yoga. I've never done yoga. My doctor told me that might help one sleep Better, though. IT, certainly. Well, hey, you should come to the school. The teacher gives lessons for free on monday and wednesday. free. Wow, it's tuesday. today. I can go tomorrow. Hi andy. Have you been running . here for a while? Yeah, I come here every morning. Are you trying to lose weight? Not really. I love starting the day with some exercise. IT gives me more energy, and I just feel calm all day long. So what's new with you these days, Sarah? Well, I taken up a new hobby. I'm in the school to learn yoga. I've never done yoga. My doctor told me that might help one sleep Better, though. IT, certainly. Well, hey, you should come to the school. The teacher gives lessons for free on monday and wednesday. free. Wow, it's tuesday today. I can go tomorrow. 绝密★考试结束前 宁波市2024学年第一学期期末九校联考高一英语试题 考生须知： 1.本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第IⅡ卷(非选择题)。满分150分，考试时间120分钟; 2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字; 3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效; 4.考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。 第I卷 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题纸上。 第一节：(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有1秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the woman doing? A. Learning to drive. B. Driving her own car. C. Showing the man how to drive. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the dormitory. B. In the bookstore. C. In the classroom. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does Laura need at the moment? A. Blame. B. Encouragement. C. Help with her chemistry. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What day is it today? A. Thursday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday. 第二节：(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 5. What does the man complain? A. He can’t sit next to his wife. B. He can’t get a business-class ticket. C. There are no tickets available. 6. Where will the man and his wife sit? A. In economy class. B. In business class. C. One in 38-G and one in 44-A. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 7. When does the conversation take place? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 8. What advantage does running bring the man? A. It makes him sleep well. B. It keeps him energetic. C. It helps him lose weight. 9. When does the man plan to attend a yoga class? A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Where does David Smith work? A. In the United States. B. In Canada. C. In the United Kingdom. 11. Who influenced David Smith? A. A great director. B. His uncle. C. His teacher. 12. What do we know about David Smith? A. He started a film company at the age of 16. B. He earned lots of money in Canada. C. He is a successful film maker. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Recommend a car to her. B. Get a car checked. C. Rent her a car. 14. What can the woman find online about the car? A. Its original owner’s information. B. The wear on its tires. C. Its driving history. 15. What does the man think of the car? A. It has potential security problems. B. It has been severely damaged. C. It’s a good car worth buying. 16. What’s the car like? A. It’s a second-hand car. B. It’s a brand-new car. C. It’s a high-end car. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How many books has Sparks sold in all? A. Nearly 65 million. B. About 75million. C. Over 97 million. 18. What does the Nicholas Sparks Foundation do? A. It helps poor kids get an education. B. It provides books for rural communities. C. It creates scholarships for gifted children. 19. What can we learn about Sparks? A. He lives a successful but lonely life. B. He thinks education has changed his life. C. All his books have been made into movies. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分60分) 第一节：(共19个小题;每小题2.5分，满分47.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将项涂黑。 A Do you know the most popular European landmarks?There are a host of tourist attractions that engage both the mind and the eye,like the Louvre.Here are some recommendations you can’t afford to miss while touring around Europe. Basílica Notre-Dame de Fourviere (富维耶圣母院) Sacre Coeur may be France’s best-known church on a hill, but Lyon’s Basílica Notre-Dame de Fourviere is also quite a sight to behold. Enjoy it from the streets of the old town, then take a cable car up the hill to go inside. Once you’re done touring the church, you can take in panoramic (全景的) views of this pretty city. Spanish Steps Sure, Spain has many pretty steps, but none are as famous as Rome’s Spanish Steps which get their name because they’re located in the Spanish Plaza. One of the unmissable attractions in the city, they’re even featured in Audrey Hepburn’s classic film, Roman Holiday. Plitvice Lakes National Park Plitvice Lakes National Park make people visit Croatia’s (克罗地亚的) often neglected inland. While you won’t be able to swim in the inviting water, you can walk through wooden pathways, paddle or boat around the lakes, admiring the natural beauty. Meteora Greece is known for its rocky islands with whitewashed homes overlooking the deep blue Mediterranean Sea. But never neglecting the mainland. Go to Meteora, in which there are six monasteries (修道院).You’ll need at least two days to hike from monastery to monastery while taking in the beauty of the structures and the landscape that surrounds them. 20. Which landmark can be found in the classic film Roman Holiday? A. Basílica Notre-Dame de Fourviere. B. Spanish Steps. C. Plitvice Lakes National Park. D. Meteora. 21. Which of the following is true? A. Basilica Notre-Dame de Fourviere lies in a street of the old town. B. Rome’s Spanish Steps are so called due to its location in Spain. C. You can enjoy swimming when visiting Plitvice Lakes National Park. D. Greece is a famous European country by the Mediterranean Sea. 22. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. A travel journal. B. A research report. C. A tourist guidebook. D. A geography book. B My nanny took care of me from the time I was born until I was 15. She lived with my family in our apartment in Hong Kong. My parents had government jobs and worked long hours, so they needed someone to change my diapers, pick me up from school and steam me fish, Chinese style. Nanny Zeny was from the Philippines. She was the same age and height — five feet — as my mother but her skin was more tanned and she had a distinct mole (痣) on her lower lip. The only time she took off was on Sundays, when she would put on makeup, spritz some perfume (香水) and head to church with the other Filipino nannies who were her friends. In the hours before my parents came home from work, Nanny Zeny would take the chopping boards to the dining table and listen to me complain about classmates, friends and homework. As she worked her way through the choy sum and gai lan (vegetables she knew I liked), she would give advice in the form of quotes from the Bible. It was hard for me to view her as anything but a second mother. From time to time, my real mother talked to Nanny Zeny about not completing certain chores properly, and my mother would wonder why I always defended her. Even after leaving Hong Kong in 2015 to attend high school in the United States, and eventually university in Canada, I still found myself thinking about Nanny Zeny, who also left Hong Kong and went back to the Philippines. I knew I was on her mind, too — she continued sending me birthday wishes on Facebook, asking how my parents were doing and forwarding me inspiring Biblical quotes. In December 2019, I visited her house in the Philippines and was surprised to see that her living room was plastered with (贴满) relics from my childhood. My parents regularly sent Nanny Zeny a small sum of money. For years I had thought it was simply a way to thank her for all those hours she spent cooking and cleaning. But as I grew older, I began to understand why my parents felt a deep sense of gratitude for her influence on my emotional and moral development. 23. What did Nanny Zeny do for the author during his growth? A. She advised me on my troubles. B. She cooked me her favorite dishes. C. She sent me to school every day. D. She instructed me in my studies. 24. After Nanny Zeny retired, how did they keep in touch with each other? A. The author paid a yearly visit to Nanny Zeny’s house. B. They celebrated the author’s birthday together every year. C. My parents offered AuntieZeny some money occasionally. D. Nanny Zeny communicated with the author on social media. 25. Which of the following can best describe Nanny Zeny? A. Fashionable and careful. B. Caring and patient. C. Hardworking and creative. D. Responsible and humorous. 26. What can we learn from the relationship between Nanny Zeny and the author? A. Love conquers all. B. Love me, love my dog. C. Love is a two-way street. D. Love makes the world go round. C With its summit standing at an incredible 29,032 feet, Mount Everest is the world’s highest mountain above sea level. Now it’s getting even taller, thanks to the growth caused by a nearby river, according to a new study. Mount Everest sits on the border of Nepal and Tibet in the Himalayan mountain range. The huge landmark is already about 800 feet taller than the other peaks in the region and continues to grow every year by about 0.079 inches. That’s about the width of a spaghetti noodle, according to The New York Times. It might not seem like much, but it adds up over time. A team of scientists set out to understand how Everest got so tall in the first place and what causes its ongoing growth. By means of computer modeling, they studied how the waterways in the region had changed in the past. They found that the Arun River, which runs along the Himalayas in Everest’s shadow, played an especially important role in Everest’s development. About 89,000 years ago, the team found, a massive river system called the Kosi merged (合并) with the Arun and formed one large waterway. The massive, powerful river gradually wore away billions of tons of rock and soil, creating a deep channel. Over time, as the erosion (侵蚀) continued and the material that makes up the land was carried away, Earth’s crust (地壳) became lighter in that area. The lighter crust floated more easily on top of Earth’s mantle (地幔), allowing the mantle to push the crust upward and causing Everest to grow. The Arun River has made Everest between 49 and 164 feet taller than it would otherwise be, the scientists said. Adam Smith, one of the study’s authors, told BBC News, “It’s a bit like throwing a load of cargo off a ship. The ship becomes lighter and so floats a little higher. Similarly, when the crust becomes lighter, it can float a little higher.” Another study author Jin-Gen Dai said, “Although mountains may appear to stand still from the angle of a human lifetime, they are in fact constantly in motion.” 27. What is the direct cause of the ongoing growth of Mount Everest according to the study? A. The formation of a large waterway. B. The creation of a deep channel. C. The continuous erosion of the land. D. The upward movement of the crust. 28. How did the scientists carry out the study on the historical change of the waterways in the region? A. By setting up a database. B. By referring to former studies. C. By using computer modeling. D. By cooperating with experts. 29. Which of the following statements is true? A. The original height of Mount Everest stood at a surprising 29,032 feet. B. Compared to other mountains, Mount Everest is around 800 feet taller. C. It’s estimated that Mount Everest will grow annually by about 0.079 feet. D. The merger of the Kosi and the Arun dates back to around 89,000 years ago. 30. What is the meaning of the underlined word in the last paragraph? A. Danger. B. Progress. C. Existence. D. Operation. D A “bucket list” is a personal list of goals and activities someone wants to accomplish before the end of their life. Fortunately, I’ve been able to check off quite a lot of mine. It was after the loss of several loved ones that I decided to make my bucket list so that, when I reflect on my life, I’ll smile and know that I grabbed every chance at happiness that I could. I’ve achieved some of the things on my bucket list — hiking the Plank Road in the Sky on Mount Huashan in Shaanxi province; diving off the highest platform of 15 meters into the sea at Ariel’s Point in Boracay, the Philippines; doing the world’s highest commercial bungee jump at 233 meters off Macao Tower in the Macao Special Administrative Region; octopus fishing in the Yellow Sea off South Korea; and much more. The top item on my bucket list, however, is much more difficult to achieve. Being adopted from South Korea to the United States in 1976,I have been searching for my biological parents for the past several years. I can’t help but worry that they may not still be living.But having this item at the top of my list urges me to keep trying and I’m planning to visit Seoul in October to continue the search. When I’ve talked about my bucket list to some friends, the feedback I’ve received from them is that it seems “a bit abnormal”. Like, if you have a list,you’re thinking about your death way too early. As you get older,the list may change.And that’s OK.Whether it includes visiting certain countries, getting in better physical shape, buying a particular item or just spending more time with loved ones,there is no wrong way to do a bucket list.Your list can include short-term goals, once-in-a-lifetime experiences or just personal goals.It can give a boost to your motivation and force you to take breaks when you might not otherwise think of doing so. I consider my bucket list as a way to keep my hopes and dreams alive;a north star by which I can steer my life. 31. When did theauthor make up her mind to plan her bucket list? A. When she was close to death. B. After her loved ones passed away. C. After she was adopted to America. D. When she was seeking her parents. 32. Which item on her bucket list has NOT been achieved? A. Going hiking on Mount Huashan. B. Bungee jumping off Macao Tower. C. Fishing octopuses in the Yellow Sea. D. Being reunited with her birth parents. 33. What is the attitude of some friends to her bucket list? A. Negative. B. Uninterested. C. Understanding. D. Unclear. 34. Which is NOT the benefit of making a bucket list according to the author? A. Guiding through one’s life. B. Inspiring hopes and dreams. C. Taking breaks regularly. D. Increasing one’s motivation. E Companies are used to celebrating addition. Profits, customers and share prices should go up rather than fall. Larger numbers are a measure of career success: managers get promoted by taking on more reports, running higher budgets and earning bigger salaries. Companies are not always against subtraction (减法) . Though not a welcome one, reducing costs is a necessary part of management, which is often undervalued. The best bosses are those who take things away as well as add them on. That means clearing time for employees to get work done. Meetings are almost always called by bosses, but only some of them are useful. Shopify, an e-commerce company, began the year by subtracting 12,000 meetings from their schedules, and reported a rise in productivity as a result. Subtraction is not just about removing day-to-day distractions (干扰) . It’s also about taking decisions to kill off projects and products that are going nowhere, and to focus efforts on the most important parts. Peter Drucker, a management theorist, was a supporter of “planned subtraction” , so that resources that are tied up in minor activities are freed for more profitable use. Bosses should, he advised, always ask the same question of every detail of the company: “If we did not do this, would it be any different?” In The Case for Good Jobs, a new book, Zeynep Ton of MIT Sloan School of Management argues that doing less can often make sense. Costco, a famous American supermarket that believes in the “smart loss of sales”, has purposely limited product choices. That means it can focus its buying power more effectively, forecast demand more accurately and use its employees’ time more productively. “Less” may not sound like a great result for customers, but at some point choice is deeply tiring. When you have spent more time trying to decide what to watch on a streaming service than it takes to go to the cinema and watch the same film twice, few choices seem pretty attractive. 35. Why does the author mention the company Shopify in paragraph 2? A. To present a fact. B. To draw a conclusion. C. To support an opinion. D. To make a comparison. 36. Which statement does Peter Drucker most likely agree with? A. Companies should quit unpromising tasks. B. Bosses should give up profits for resources. C. Bosses shouldn’t remove everyday distractions. D. Companies should focus on some unfinished work. 37. Which of the following measures is regarded as effective “doing less” commercially? A. Stores give customers more time to shop. B. Cinemas run only one particular film a day. C. Streaming websites upload more new movies. D. Supermarkets offer a limited variety of goods. 38. What is the best title of the text? A. The best companies celebrate addition. B. The best bosses know how to subtract work. C. Companies use numbers to measure success. D. Smart bosses go against the idea of subtraction. 第二节：(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Social activities for the elderly are necessary because they help in bringing about considerable improvement in their overall well-being. ____39____ It may be difficult for them to take care of an entire garden, but a number of small potted indoor plants are just perfect for them. Dance is also what people of any age can enjoy. As elderly people cannot move freely, wheelchair dances have become increasingly popular. ____40____ Then, hire one instructor who specializes in teaching this type of dance. ____41____ Some may have the skills to play the piano for example. Make the necessary arrangements for that particular instrument so that he or she can play that instrument in their leisure time. Besides, there are some creative activities for the elderly, for example, encouraging them to make a collage (拼贴画) using all their family photographs and mementos. All of us love to look at the old photographs. ____42____ They can decorate the collages with small decorative items like leaves and construction paper. Outdoors, fishing, boating, playing golf, etc. are loved by the elderly as they can be done with minimum physical movements. ____43____ Such activities for the elderly in the form of entertainment have a therapeutic (治疗的) effect on their mind and body, making it easier for them to enjoy the leisure time. A. Elderly people are no exception to that. B. They can record their dance in a video recorder. C. Indoors, there are video games with adaptive controls. D. Its basic aim is to improve elderly people’s flexibility. E. Gardening is a typical one that elderly people enjoy a lot. F. Gather a group of such people who have interest in dance. G. The elderly can join a hobby class where they will learn music. 第三部分：语言运用(共四节，满分45分) 第一节：完形填空(共15个小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 In 2011 our home near Brisbane was flooded with waters. Where we live is semi rural, and although we had ____44____ many floods before, this time the water was much higher. We watched as the ____45____ water covered our precious beehives (蜂房) . I can’t explain the ____46____ of our hopelessness. There was nothing we could do for them. The honey-laden beehives were far too heavy to move. My husband and I held each other and cried when we ____47____ them disappear. Our 29 ____48____ were safe in the henhouse located on a slight rise—or so we thought. Suddenly we heard ____49____ squawking (尖叫) . Our chickens sensed danger ____50____ the flood waters rose dangerously close to their home. Their squawking was deafening. Suddenly, we saw a small boat with two ____51____ rowing towards us through the pouring rain. Maybe they could save our girls. The chickens were shoved into boxes and taped closed. Then, a few boxes of frightened hens at a time, were put in the boat and ____52____ to the safety of our tractor shed (拖拉机棚). It was ____53____ egg laying time, and the shed was warm and dry. We hung netting across the shed to contain the hens, and using the left-over boxes as nests, we started tearing piles of newspapers to make nesting boxes comfortable for them to lay their eggs. Twenty-four hours and a disturbing noise of chicken poo (拉鸡屎) later, the complaints were coming ____54____ from the hens.The tractors lacked enough space for comfortable resting at night, and the nesting boxes, well excuse me, ____55____ where were the soft wood shavings (刨花) they normally sat on to lay their eggs? ____56____ , the floodwaters subsided (回落) before there was a total revolt (起义)! While they were happily nesting back in Fowl Manor (家禽庄园) , it took us many days to ____57____ the tractors—it is ____58____just how much mess 29 hens can make! We will be forever grateful for the kindness of those two strangers. 44. A. gone through B. looked through C. broken through D. seen through 45. A. clean B. pure C. muddy D. hot 46. A. width B. depth C. length D. height 47. A. watched B. heard C. had D. felt 48. A. ducks B. hens C. cocks D. bees 49. A. curious B. excited C. frightened D. annoyed 50. A. until B. while C. as D. unless 51. A. neighbors B. strangers C. relatives D. fishermen 52. A. flown B. swept C. returned D. rowed 53. A. close to B. back to C. equal to D. up to 54. A. thick and fast B. back and forth C. far and wide D. high and low 55. A. and B. but C. so D. or 56. A. Unluckily B. Particularly C. Unusually D. Thankfully 57. A. clean B. repair C. paint D. bury 58. A. relaxing B. interesting C. boring D. surprising 第Ⅱ卷 第三部分：语言运用(共四节，满分45分) 第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式 The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was formed in 2001 and now is made up of several hundred rescue workers and about 20 sniffer dogs. The team brings help and hope to those ____59____ lives are changed by a storm, flood, earthquake, or any other ____60____ (nature) disaster. After long and careful training, the team went on its first international rescue missions in 2003. That year, the Chinese team helped save lives after earthquakes in Algeria and Iran and won high praise for their ____61____ (brave) and skill. Since then, the CISAR ____62____ (complete) many missions. The list of people to whom help has been given is long. The team treated more than 3,000 people who ____63____ (injure) in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia, helped 2,500 wounded people after the earthquake that hit Haiti in 2010, ____64____ spent several months giving aid to over 25,000 victims (受害者) of the 2010 floods in Pakistan. Rescue workers are trained to find people, treat injuries, and hand out food, water and other supplies. After a disaster, there is ____65____ (usual) no electricity or water, and there may be diseases and accidents. Rescue workers get to save lives, but they must also bury ____66____ dead, which means they have to be strong ____67____ both body and mind. Rescue workers must have big hearts, too. It takes a lot of love and courage ____68____ (risk) one’s own life. The members of the CISAR have plenty of both and are always ready to go wherever help is needed. 第三节：单词拼写(共10小题;每小题0.5分，满分5分) 根据首字母或中文，在空白处填入适当的单词。 69. Last week, my adviser r________ that I should sign up for advanced literature because I’m fond of it. (根据首字母单词拼写) 70. As the main o________ language of Peru, Spanish is spoken by the majority of its people. (根据首字母单词拼写) 71. No one is perfect since each of us has s________ and weaknesses. (根据首字母单词拼写) 72. Nearly everything here was completely d________because of the great earthquake. (根据首字母单词拼写) 73. Only when we learn to exist in h_________ with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife. (根据首字母单词拼写) 74. He ________ (原谅) me my rudeness, but deep down I still felt sorry for my misbehavior. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 75. They hope to ________ (进一步) educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 76. Here is a book for your ________ (参考) when you write an essay on the Chinese writing system. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 77. As China plays a greater role in ________ (全球的) affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China’s culture and history. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 78. Jiuzhaigou is an ________ (极其地) beautiful place with colorful lakes and amazing waterfalls. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四节：句子翻译(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据中文，翻译下列句子。 79. 曾经有段时间，我在全世界各地旅游。(定语从句) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 80. 正是因为这个原因，他玩电脑游戏上瘾了。(强调句) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 81. 许多树正在被砍伐，以至于考拉(koalas)现在处于危险中。(现在进行时被动语态) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 82. 适应新学校是一个大挑战，但他没有泄气。(动词ing 作主语) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 83. 无论我去哪，妈妈总会担心我的安全。(让步状语从句) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第四部分：应用文写作(满分15分) 84. 假定你是李华，寒假你跟父母到杭州旅游，期间你给你的美国笔友Richard 发一份电子邮件，内 容包括：1.你对杭州的第一印象；2.你接下来两天在杭的旅行安排；3.询问对方圣诞假期情况。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Richard, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Warm regards, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $I got my license yesterday. I wondered if you can let me drive your car. Yes, of course, as long as you drive IT as carefully as I am doing IT. So we have to do a talk on a successful person in our next term. yes. Any ideas? Well. i've been on the internet and picked up when his name is David smith, and he's a filmmaker in new york, in the united states of america. Sounds great. Yes. he is the management director of a very big film company. So what made him successful? His uncle was a film student. And because of that, he started making short films when he was only sixteen. That's quite Young. yes. Then he won an amount of money to go to canada, and and that's how he developed in the film world. great. So we have to do a talk on a successful person in our next term. Yes, any ideas? Well, i've been on . the internet and picked up one. His name is David smith, and he is a filmmaker in new york, in the united states of america. Sounds great. Yes. he's the management director of a very big film company. So what made him successful? His uncle was a film student. And because of that, he started making short films when he was only sixteen. That's quite Young. yes. Then he won an amount of money to go to canada and and that's how we developed in . the . film world. great.