内容正文:
Unit 1 Friendship 单词详解讲义
friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/ n. 友谊
build friendship 建立友谊
cherish friendship 珍惜友谊
1. True friendship lasts forever. 真正的友谊天长地久。
1. They formed a deep friendship during college. 他们在大学期间结下了深厚的友谊。
词汇拓展:派生词 friendly adj. 友好的(例:a friendly smile)
honest /ˈɒnɪst/ adj. 诚实的,正直的
to be honest 说实话
an honest person 诚实的人
1. He is honest about his mistakes. 他对自己的错误很坦诚。
2. To be honest, I don’t like coffee. 说实话,我不喜欢咖啡。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 honesty n. 诚实(例:Honesty is the best policy.);② 反义词 dishonest adj. 不诚实的
cheerful /ˈtʃɪəfl/ adj. 快乐的,高兴的
a cheerful smile 愉快的微笑
stay cheerful 保持快乐
1. She always looks cheerful in the morning. 她早上总是看起来很开心。
2. The cheerful music made everyone happy. 欢快的音乐让大家都很开心。词汇拓展:① 派生词 cheer v. 欢呼;cheerfully adv. 高兴地(例:She sang cheerfully.)
humorous /ˈhjuːmərəs/ adj. 幽默的
a humorous story 幽默的故事
a humorous person 幽默的人
1. My math teacher is very humorous. 我的数学老师很幽默。
2. He told a humorous joke and we all laughed. 他讲了一个幽默的笑话,我们都笑了。
词汇拓展:派生词 humor (AmE) / humour (BrE) n. 幽默(例:He has a good sense of humor.)
caring /ˈkeərɪŋ/ adj. 关心他人的,体贴人的
a caring friend 体贴的朋友
a caring family 有爱的家庭
1. She is very caring towards her classmates. 她对同学很关心。
2. My mother is the most caring person I know. 我妈妈是我认识的最体贴的人。
词汇拓展:派生词 care v./n. 关心;carefully adv. 仔细地(例:Carefully read the instructions.)
truth /truːθ/ n. 事实
1. tell the truth 说实话
1. the truth about... 关于…的事实
1. I believe he is telling the truth. 我相信他在说实话。
2. The truth is that I forgot to do my homework. 事实是我忘了做作业。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 true adj. 真实的;truly adv. 真正地(例:Truly, I love this book.);② 反义词 lie n. 谎言
joke /dʒəʊk/ n. 笑话,玩笑
1. tell a joke 讲笑话
1. play a joke on sb 开某人的玩笑
1. He told us a funny joke in class. 他在课堂上给我们讲了一个有趣的笑话。
2. Don’t play jokes on others when they are sad. 别人难过时不要开他们的玩笑。
词汇拓展:派生词 jokester n. 爱开玩笑的人;jokeful adj. 滑稽的(近义 humorous)
laugh /lɑːf/ vi.&v. 笑,发笑
1. laugh at 嘲笑;因…发笑
1. laugh loudly 大声笑
1. We all laughed at his funny story. 我们都被他的有趣故事逗笑了。
2. Don’t laugh at others when they make mistakes. 别人犯错时不要嘲笑他们。
词汇拓展:派生词 laughter n. 笑声(例:Her laughter filled the room.)
teenager /ˈtiːneɪdʒə(r)/ n. 青少年
1. a group of teenagers 一群青少年
1. teenager problems 青少年问题
1. Many teenagers like playing video games. 许多青少年喜欢玩电子游戏。
2. As a teenager, he loves sports and music. 作为一名青少年,他热爱运动和音乐。
词汇拓展:派生词 teenage adj. 青少年的(例:teenage years 青少年时期)
unhappy /ʌn'hæpi/ adj. 不开心的
1. feel unhappy 感到不开心
1. an unhappy day 不愉快的一天
1. She was unhappy because she failed the test. 她因为考试不及格而不开心。
2. Don’t be unhappy; everything will be okay. 别不开心,一切都会好起来的。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 unhappiness n. 不快乐;happiness n. 快乐(反义);② 反义词 happy adj. 开心的
lie /laɪ/ vi. 撒谎
1. tell a lie 撒谎
1. lie to sb 对某人撒谎
1. He lied to his parents about his grades. 他就自己的成绩对父母撒了谎。
2. It’s wrong to lie to your friends. 对朋友撒谎是不对的。
词汇拓展:① 过去式/过去分词 lied(注意与“躺”的 lie 区分:lie 躺,过去式 lay,过去分词 lain);② 派生词 liar n. 撒谎者
person /ˈpɜːsn/ n. 人,个人
1. a kind person 善良的人
1. every person 每个人
1. She is a very nice person to work with. 她是一个很好共事的人。
2. There are many people in the park on weekends. 周末公园里有很多人。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 personal adj. 个人的(例:personal opinion);② 复数 persons(较正式)/ people(更常用)
thought /θɔːt/ n. 想法,主意
1. have a thought 有一个想法
1. share your thoughts 分享你的想法
1. I had a great thought for the school project. 我对学校的项目有一个很棒的想法。
2. Let’s share our thoughts about the book. 我们分享一下对这本书的想法吧。
词汇拓展:派生词 think v. 思考(例:Think before you speak.);thoughtful adj. 深思的(已学)
ponytail /ˈpəʊniteɪl/ n. 马尾辫
1. wear a ponytail 扎马尾辫
1. a high ponytail 高马尾
1. She wears a ponytail when she plays sports. 她运动时扎马尾辫。
2. Her ponytail looks very cute today. 她的马尾辫今天看起来很可爱。
seat /siːt/ n. 座位
1. take a seat 坐下
1. empty seat 空座位
1. Please take a seat and wait for a moment. 请坐下等一会儿。
2. There is an empty seat next to me. 我旁边有个空座位。
词汇拓展:派生词 seating n. 座位安排(例:seating plan 座位表)
schoolwork /ˈskuːlwɜːk/ n. 学校作业
1. do schoolwork 做作业
1. finish schoolwork 完成作业
1. I need to do my schoolwork before watching TV. 我看电视前需要先做作业。
2. She spends two hours on schoolwork every day. 她每天花两小时做作业。
trustworthy /ˈtrʌstwɜːði/ adj. 值得信赖的
1. a trustworthy friend 值得信赖的朋友
1. be trustworthy 值得信赖
1. He is a trustworthy person; you can believe him. 他是个值得信赖的人,你可以相信他。
2. A good friend should be trustworthy. 好朋友应该值得信赖。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 trust v./n. 信任(例:trust in friendship);② 反义词 untrustworthy adj. 不可信赖的
patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ adj. 有耐心的
1. be patient with sb 对某人有耐心
1. a patient teacher 有耐心的老师
1. Our teacher is very patient with us. 我们的老师对我们很有耐心。
2. You need to be patient when learning a new skill. 学习新技能时需要有耐心。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 patience n. 耐心(例:Have patience!);② patiently adv. 耐心地(例:Wait patiently.)
understand /ˌʌndə'stænd/ v.&vi. 理解
1. understand sth 理解某事
1. understand sb 理解某人
1. I don’t understand this math problem. 我不理解这道数学题。
2. She understands how I feel about the situation. 她理解我对这种情况的感受。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 understanding n. 理解;adj. 善解人意的(例:an understanding friend);② 反义词 misunderstand v. 误解
bit /bɪt/ n. 小量
1. a little bit 有点儿
1. a bit of 一点儿
1. It’s a little bit cold outside today. 今天外面有点儿冷。
2. She added a bit of sugar to her coffee. 她在咖啡里加了一点儿糖。
词汇拓展:辨析:a little bit + 形容词(如 a little bit tired);a bit of + 不可数名词(如 a bit of water)
funny /ˈfʌni/ adj. 好笑的
1. a funny story 有趣的故事
1. funny face 鬼脸
1. The movie we watched last night was very funny. 我们昨晚看的电影很有趣。
2. He made a funny face and everyone laughed. 他做了个鬼脸,大家都笑了。
词汇拓展:派生词 fun n. 乐趣(例:have fun 玩得开心)
sense /sens/ n. 理解力,感觉
1. sense of humor 幽默感
1. sense of direction 方向感
3. She has a great sense of humor. 她很有幽默感。
4. His sense of direction is very poor. 他的方向感很差。
词汇拓展:派生词 sensitive adj. 敏感的;sensible adj. 明智的(例:a sensible decision)
humour /ˈhjuːmə(r)/ n.(=AmE humor)幽默
1. a sense of humour 幽默感
1. have humour 有幽默感
1. His speech was full of humour. 他的演讲充满幽默。
2. She appreciates people with a good sense of humour. 她欣赏有幽默感的人。
词汇拓展:派生词 humorous adj. 幽默的(已学)
bored /bɔːd/ adj. 厌倦的,烦闷的
1. get bored 变得厌倦
1. bored with sth 对某事感到厌倦
1. I get bored when I have nothing to do. 我无事可做时会感到厌倦。
2. He is bored with the same routine every day. 他对每天同样的日常感到厌倦。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 bore v. 使厌烦;boring adj. 令人厌烦的(例:a boring movie);② 辨析:bored(人感到厌倦的)vs. boring(事物令人厌倦的)
energetic /ˌenə'dʒetɪk/ adj. 精力充沛的
1. an energetic person 精力充沛的人
1. stay energetic 保持精力充沛
1. She is always energetic in the morning. 她早上总是精力充沛。
2. Playing sports makes me feel energetic. 运动让我感觉精力充沛。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 energy n. 能量(例:renewable energy);② energetically adv. 精力充沛地(例:work energetically)
active /ˈæktɪv/ adj. 积极的,活跃的
1. be active in 在…方面积极
1. active life 积极的生活
1. He is active in school activities. 他在学校活动中很积极。
2. She leads an active life and loves outdoor sports. 她过着积极的生活,热爱户外运动。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 activity n. 活动(例:outdoor activities);② actively adv. 积极地(例:actively participate)
encourage /ɪn'kʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励
1. encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
1. encourage sb 鼓励某人
1. My teacher encourages me to study hard. 我的老师鼓励我努力学习。
2. Her friends encouraged her during the difficult time. 在困难时期,她的朋友们鼓励了她。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 encouragement n. 鼓励(例:give encouragement);② 反义词 discourage v. 使气馁
believe /bɪ'liːv/ v. 相信
1. believe in 信任;相信…的存在
1. believe sb 相信某人
1. I believe in the power of friendship. 我相信友谊的力量。
2. Do you believe what he said? 你相信他说的话吗?
词汇拓展:① 派生词 belief n. 信念(例:religious belief);② unbelievable adj. 难以置信的(例:an unbelievable story)
secret /ˈsiːkrət/ n. 秘密
1. keep a secret 保守秘密
1. tell a secret 泄露秘密
1. Can you keep a secret for me? 你能为我保守一个秘密吗?
2. She told her best friend the secret. 她把秘密告诉了她最好的朋友。
词汇拓展:派生词 secretly adv. 秘密地(例:leave secretly)
worse /wɜːs/ adj.(bad的比较级)更差的
1. get worse 变得更糟
1. worse than 比…更差
1. His condition is getting worse. 他的情况正在变得更糟。
2. The weather today is worse than yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天更差。
词汇拓展:① 原级 bad adj. 坏的;最高级 worst adj. 最差的;② 反义词 better(good/well的比较级)
worst /wɜːst/ adj.(bad的最高级)最差的
1. the worst thing 最糟糕的事
1. at worst 在最坏的情况下
1. That was the worst movie I have ever seen. 那是我看过的最差的电影。
2. At worst, we can try again tomorrow. 最坏的情况下,我们明天可以再试一次。
词汇拓展:原级 bad adj.;比较级 worse adj.(已学)
height /haɪt/ n. 身高,高度
1. a height of... …的高度
1. measure height 测量身高
1. Her height is 1.6 meters. 她的身高是1.6米。
2. The height of the building is 100 meters. 这座建筑的高度是100米。
词汇拓展:派生词 high adj. 高的(例:a high mountain)
sec./sek/abbr:(=second)秒
1. 10 sec. 10秒
1. in a few sec. 几秒钟后
1. The race will start in 5 sec. 比赛将在5秒后开始。
2. He finished the task in 30 sec. 他30秒内完成了任务。
test /test/ n. 测验,考查
1. take a test 参加测验
1. pass a test 通过测验
1. We have a math test next Monday. 下周一我们有一场数学测验。
2. She studied hard and passed the test. 她努力学习,通过了测验。
词汇拓展:派生词 test v. 测试(例:test your knowledge)
badminton /ˈbædmɪntən/ n. 羽毛球运动
1. play badminton 打羽毛球
1. badminton court 羽毛球场
1. I often play badminton with my friends on weekends. 我周末经常和朋友打羽毛球。
2. She is good at playing badminton. 她擅长打羽毛球。
however /haʊ'evə(r)/ adv. 然而
用法:表示转折,常用于句首,用逗号隔开。
1. She wanted to go to the party; however, she had to study. 她想去参加派对,然而她得学习。
2. It was raining; however, we still went for a walk. 下雨了,然而我们还是去散步了。
词汇拓展:辨析:however(较正式,可位于句首/句中)vs. but(较口语,直接连接句子)
balloon /bə'luːn/ n. 气球
1. blow up a balloon 吹气球
1. colorful balloons 彩色气球
1. The children love playing with balloons. 孩子们喜欢玩气球。
2. We decorated the room with balloons for the party. 我们为派对用气球装饰了房间。
scared /skeəd/ adj. 害怕,恐惧
1. be scared of sth 害怕某物
1. get scared 变得害怕
1. She is scared of dogs. 她害怕狗。
2. I got scared when I heard the strange noise. 我听到奇怪的声音时感到害怕。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 scare v. 使害怕(例:scare away birds);② scary adj. 可怕的(例:a scary movie)
nearby /ˌnɪə'baɪ/ adv. 在附近;adj. 附近的
1. live nearby 住在附近
1. a nearby school 附近的学校
1. There is a park nearby. 附近有一个公园。
2. We went to a nearby restaurant for dinner. 我们去了附近的一家餐馆吃晚餐。
fight /faɪt/ v.&vi. 搏斗,打斗;为…斗争
1. fight with sb 与某人打架
1. fight for 为…而战
1. They fought with each other over a small thing. 他们为一件小事吵了起来。
2. People fight for freedom and equality. 人们为自由和平等而战。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 fighter n. 战士;奋斗者(例:a freedom fighter);② 过去式/过去分词 fought
dead /ded/ adj. 死的
1. be dead 死亡的
1. dead leaves 枯叶
1. The tree has been dead for years. 这棵树已经死了好几年了。
2. We saw a dead bird on the ground. 我们在地上看到一只死鸟。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 die v. 死亡(例:Flowers die without water.);② death n. 死亡(例:cause of death)
attack /ə'tæk/ vi.&v. 攻击,袭击
1. attack sb 攻击某人
1. under attack 受到攻击
1. The dog attacked the stranger. 狗袭击了陌生人。
2. The city was attacked by enemy planes. 这座城市遭到了敌机的袭击。
词汇拓展:派生词 attacker n. 攻击者(例:catch the attacker)
danger /ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/ n. 危险
1. in danger 处于危险中
1. out of danger 脱离危险
1. The little girl was in danger, so we helped her. 小女孩处于危险中,所以我们帮助了她。
2. The patient is now out of danger. 病人现在脱离危险了。
词汇拓展:① 派生词 dangerous adj. 危险的(例:a dangerous animal);② endanger v. 危及(例:endanger wildlife)
brave /breɪv/ adj. 勇敢的
1. a brave soldier 勇敢的士兵
1. be brave to do sth 勇敢地做某事
1. He is a brave boy who saved the cat from the fire. 他是个勇敢的男孩,从火中救出了猫。
2. She was brave to speak in front of the whole class. 她勇敢地在全班同学面前讲话。
词汇拓展:派生词 bravery n. 勇敢(例:show bravery in battle)
get along with sb 与某人和睦相处,关系良好
同义get on with sb
1. I get along well with my classmates. 我和同学们相处得很好。
2. She tries to get along with everyone in the office. 她努力和办公室里的每个人和睦相处。
nod /nɒd/ vi.&v. 点头
1. nod at sb 向某人点头
1. nod one’s head 点头
1. He nodded at me when he saw me. 他看到我时向我点了点头。
2. She nodded her head to agree with the plan. 她点头同意这个计划。词
汇拓展:过去式/过去分词 nodded(注意双写“d”)
once /wʌns/ conj. 一旦
用法:引导条件状语从句,主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时。
1. Once you start, you must continue. 一旦开始,你就必须继续。
2. Once the rain stops, we will go out to play. 雨一停,我们就出去玩。
词汇拓展:一词多义:once adv. 曾经(例:Once, I lived in the countryside.)
feeling /ˈfiːlɪŋ/ n. 情感;感觉
1. hurt one’s feelings 伤害某人的感情
1. have a feeling that... 感觉…
1. She has strong feelings for her hometown. 她对家乡有深厚的感情。
2. I have a feeling that we will win the game. 我感觉我们会赢这场比赛。
词汇拓展:派生词 feel v. 感觉(例:feel happy)
thoughtful /ˈθɔːtfl/ adj. 体贴的;深思的
1. a thoughtful gift 贴心的礼物
1. be thoughtful of sb 某人很体贴
1. He is very thoughtful and always helps others. 他很体贴,总是帮助别人。
2. She gave me a thoughtful present for my birthday. 她为我生日送了一份贴心的礼物。
词汇拓展:派生词 thought n. 想法
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