内容正文:
译林版八上 Unit 2 School life 词汇短语详解
序号
单词/短语
音标
词性
意思
词形变化
固定搭配
例句
1
plastic
/ˈplæstɪk/
adj./n.
塑料的;塑料
un.
无
We should reduce the use of plastic products. 我们应减少塑料制品的使用。
2
cheap
/tʃiːp/
adj.
便宜的
反:expensive
as cheap as 和…一样便宜
This pen is as cheap as that one. 这支笔和那支一样便宜。
3
environment
/ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/
n.
环境
environmental adj.环境的
1 protect the environment 保护环境
2 environmental problem 环境问题
Planting trees helps protect the environment.
植树有助于保护环境。
Air pollution is a serious environmental problem.空气污染是严重的环境问题。
4
few
/fjuː/
det./adj./pron.
不多,很少
比较级:fewer;
最高级:fewest
1 a few+cns. 几个
2 few+cns. 几乎没有
There are a few students in the classroom. 教室里有几个学生。
Few people like math in my class. 我班上很少有人喜欢数学。
5
drama
/ˈdrɑːmə/
n.
戏剧
无
1 drama club 戏剧俱乐部
② act in a drama 参演戏剧
She joined the drama club last month. 她上个月加入了戏剧俱乐部。
He will act in a school drama. 他将参演学校的戏剧。
6
foreign
/ˈfɒrən/
adj.
外国的
foreigner n.外国人
1 foreign language 外语
2 foreign culture 外国文化
English is a foreign language for us.英语对我们来说是外语。
We learned about foreign cultures in history class. 我们在历史课学了外国文化。
7
as...as...
/æz æz/
短语
和…一样…
无
1 as tall as 和…一样高
2 as soon as possible 尽快
He is as tall as his brother. 他和哥哥一样高。
Please come back as soon as possible.请尽快回来。
8
French
/frentʃ/
n./adj.
法语;法国人;法国的
Frenchman n. 法国人 复:Frenchmen
1 speak French 说法语
2 French fries 法式薯条
She can speak French fluently. 她法语说得很流利。
French fries are my favorite snack.法式薯条是我最喜欢的零食。
9
German
/ˈdʒɜːmən/
n./adj.
德语;德国人;德国的
复数:Germans(德国人)
Germany n.德国
1 learn German 学德语
2 German teacher 德语老师
They are learning German this term. 他们这学期学德语。
Our German teacher is from Berlin.我们的德语老师来自柏林。
10
forward
/ˈfɔːwəd/
adv.
向前
backward adv.向后
1 look forward to 期待
2 move forward 前进
I look forward to the weekend. 我期待周末。
Let’s move forward to the next exercise. 我们进入下一个练习吧。
11
look forward to
/lʊk ˈfɔːwəd tuː/
短语
期待
无
1 look forward to doing sth 期待做某事
2 look forward to sth 期待某事
We look forward to visiting the zoo. 我们期待去动物园。
He looks forward to his birthday. 他期待自己的生日。
12
go
/ɡəʊ/
n.
尝试
复数:goes
1 have a go 尝试
2 have a go at sth 尝试做某事
Can I have a go? 我能试试吗?
Let’s have a go at painting. 我们试试画画吧。
13
have a go
/hæv ə ɡəʊ/
短语
尝试,试图(做某事)
无
1 have a go at doing sth尝试做某事
2 have a go first 先试试
He had a go at solving the puzzle.
他尝试解这个谜题。
Can I have a go first? 我能先试试吗?
14
earthquake
/ˈɜːθkweɪk/
n.
地震
复数:earthquakes
1 earthquake drill 地震演练
2 survive an earthquake 幸存于地震
We had an earthquake drill yesterday. 我们昨天进行了地震演练。
Many people survived the earthquake. 许多人在地震中幸存。
15
offer
/ˈɒfə(r)/
v.
提供
三单:offers;过去式:offered
1 offer to do sth 主动提出做某事
2 offer sth to sb =offer sb sth向某人提供某物
She offered to help me clean the classroom. 她主动提出帮我打扫教室。
He offered a seat to the old man. 他给老人让了座。
16
programme
/ˈprəʊɡræm/
n.
课程;计划;节目
复数:programmes
1 TV programme 电视节目
2 school programme 学校课程
My favorite TV programme is on at 7 PM. 我最喜欢的电视节目晚上7点播出。
We have a new programme for art. 我们有新的艺术课程安排。
17
plenty
/ˈplenti/
pron.
大量
无
1 plenty of 大量(可数/不可数)
2 plenty more 还有很多
There are plenty of chairs in the room. 房间里有很多椅子。
If you’re hungry, there’s plenty more food. 如果你饿了,还有很多食物。
18
plenty of
/ˈplenti ɒv/
短语
大量
无
1 plenty of books
2 plenty of time
We have plenty of books to read. 我们有很多书要读。
There is plenty of time before the exam. 考试前还有很多时间。
19
hands-on
/ˌhændzˈɒn/
adj.
实际操作的
无
1 hands-on activity 实践活动
2 hands-on learning 实践学习
We did a hands-on activity in science. 我们在科学课做了实践活动。
Hands-on learning is more engaging. 实践学习更有吸引力。
20
attention
/əˈtenʃn/
n.
注意,注意力
无
1 pay attention to 注意
2 draw attention to 吸引注意
Please pay attention to the teacher. 请注意听老师讲。
The poster drew everyone’s attention. 海报吸引了所有人的注意。
21
pay attention to
/peɪ əˈtenʃn tuː/
短语
注意
无
1 pay attention to doing sth
2 pay close attention to 密切注意
You should pay attention to details.
你应注意细节。
Pay close attention to the instructions. 密切注意指示。
22
boring
/ˈbɔːrɪŋ/
adj.
没趣的,令人厌倦的
bore v. 使...无聊 bored a.无聊的
① find sth boring 觉得某事无聊② a boring day 无聊的一天
I find math class boring. 我觉得数学课无聊。Yesterday was a boring day. 昨天是无聊的一天。
23
aware
/əˈweə(r)/
adj.
意识到,知道
名词:awareness
1 be aware of 意识到
2 make sb aware of 使某人意识到
We should be aware of our surroundings. 我们应意识到周围环境。
Teachers make us aware of the importance of safety. 老师让我们意识到安全的重要性。
24
be aware of
/biː əˈweə ɒv/
短语
意识到
无
1 be aware of the risk
2 become aware of 开始意识到
Are you aware of the risk? 你意识到风险了吗?
He became aware of the mistake. 他开始意识到错误。
25
importance
/ɪmˈpɔːtns/
n.
重要性
important a.重要的
① the importance of …的重要性② attach importance to 重视
We learned the importance of reading. 我们学习了阅读的重要性。
Parents attach importance to their children’s education. 父母重视孩子的教育。
26
Japanese
/ˌdʒæpəˈniːz/
adj./n.
日本的;日语;日本人
复数:Japanese(单复同形)
1 speak Japanese 说日语
2 ② Japanese culture 日本文化
He can speak Japanese and English. 他会说日语和英语。
We studied Japanese culture in class. 我们在课上学习了日本文化。
27
carefully
/ˈkeəfli/
adv.
仔细地,小心地
careful adj. 仔细的
1 listen carefully 仔细听
2 write carefully 仔细写
Please listen carefully to the story. 请仔细听这个故事。
She wrote the answer carefully. 她仔细地写答案。
28
ourselves
/ˌaʊəˈselvz/
pron.
我们自己
单数:myself
1 by ourselves 独自
2 ② enjoy ourselves 玩得开心
We finished the project by ourselves. 我们独自完成了项目。
We enjoyed ourselves at the party. 我们在派对上玩得很开心。
29
develop
/dɪˈveləp/
v.
形成;发展
三单:develops;名词:development
1 develop a hobby 培养爱好
2 develop into 发展成
She developed a hobby of painting. 她培养了绘画的爱好。
The small town developed into a city. 小镇发展成了城市。
30
junior
/ˈdʒuːniə(r)/
adj.
初级的,青少年的
无
1 junior high school 初中
2 junior student 初中生
He studies in a junior high school. 他在初中学习。
She is a junior student in Grade 7. 她是七年级的初中生。
31
rocket
/ˈrɒkɪt/
n.
火箭
复数:rockets
1 model rocket 模型火箭
2 rocket science 火箭科学
We made a model rocket in the lab. 我们在实验室做了模型火箭。
Rocket science is very complex. 火箭科学很复杂。
32
blog
/blɒɡ/
n.
博客
复数:blogs
1 write a blog 写博客
2 ② read a blog 读博客
She writes a blog about her daily life. 她写关于日常生活的博客。
I like reading blogs about travel. 我喜欢读旅行博客。
33
least
/liːst/
det./pron./adv.
最少的;最少
原级:little;比较级:less
1 at least 至少
② least favorite 最不喜欢的
You should sleep at least 7 hours. 你至少应睡7小时。
Math is my least favorite subject. 数学是我最不喜欢的科目。
34
Italian
/ɪˈtæliən/
adj./n.
意大利的;意大利人;意大利语
复数:Italians
1 Italian food 意大利美食
2 Italian restaurant 意大利餐厅
I love Italian food, especially pizza. 我喜欢意大利菜,尤其是披萨。
There’s an Italian restaurant near my home. 我家附近有一家意大利餐厅。
35
international
/ˌɪntəˈnæʃnəl/
adj.
国际的
无
1 international school 国际学
2 international student 国际学生
He attends an international school. 他在一所国际学校上学。
Our class has an international student from France. 我们班有个来自法国的国际学生。
36
vacation
/veɪˈkeɪʃn/
n.
(美)假期
复数:vacations
1 summer vacation 暑假
2 winter vacation 寒假
We go to the beach during summer vacation. 我们暑假去海滩。
What’s your plan for winter vacation? 你寒假计划是什么?
37
textbook
/ˈtekstbʊk/
n.
课本
复数:textbooks
1 textbook exercises 课本练
2 open the textbook 打开课本
Do you finish the textbook exercises? 你完成课本练习了吗?
Open your textbook to Page 50. 打开课本第50页。
38
search
/sɜːtʃ/
v.
搜索,查找
三单:searches;过去式:searched
1 search for 寻找
2 search online 在线搜索
I’m searching for my keys. 我在找钥匙。
We can search online for information. 我们可以在线搜索信息。
39
finish
/ˈfɪnɪʃ/
v.
完成
三单:finishes;过去式:finished
1 finish doing sth 完成做某事
2 finish homework 完成作业
She finished drawing the picture. 她画完了画。
Did you finish your homework? 你完成作业了吗?
40
American
/əˈmerɪkən/
adj./n.
美国的;美国人
复数:Americans
1 American culture 美国文化
2 American English 美式英语
We learned about American culture in class. 我们在课上学了美国文化。
Do you prefer American English or British English? 你更喜欢美式英语还是英式英语?
41
hamburger
/ˈhæmbɜːɡə(r)/
n.
汉堡包
复数:hamburgers
1 eat a hamburger 吃汉堡
2 hamburger stand 汉堡摊
He eats a hamburger for lunch. 他午餐吃汉堡。
There’s a hamburger stand near the park. 公园附近有个汉堡摊。
42
pizza
/ˈpiːtsə/
n.
比萨饼
复数:pizzas
1 order a pizza 点披萨
2 pizza with cheese 芝士披萨
Let’s order a pizza and share it. 我们点个披萨一起吃吧。
I like pizza with mushrooms. 我喜欢蘑菇披萨。
43
fried
/fraɪd/
adj.
油炸的
动词:fry;过去式:fried
1 fried chicken 炸鸡
2 fried potatoes 炸土豆
Fried chicken is popular in fast food. 炸鸡在快餐中很受欢迎。
She likes fried potatoes with ketchup. 她喜欢蘸番茄酱的炸土豆。
44
salad
/ˈsæləd/
n.
沙拉
复数:salads
1 fruit salad 水果沙拉
2 salad dressing 沙拉酱
I have fruit salad for breakfast. 我早餐吃水果沙拉。
Do you want some salad dressing? 你要沙拉酱吗?
45
chopstick
/ˈtʃɒpstɪk/
n.
筷子
复数:chopsticks
1 a pair of chopsticks 一双筷
2 use chopsticks 用筷子
Can you pass me a pair of chopsticks? 你能递给我一双筷子吗?
It’s hard for him to use chopsticks. 对他来说用筷子很难。
46
movie
/ˈmuːvi/
n.
(美)电影
复数:movies
1 watch a movie 看电影
2 movie theater 电影院
We watched a movie last night. 我们昨晚看了电影。
Let’s go to the movie theater this evening. 我们今晚去电影院吧。
47
difference
/ˈdɪfrəns/
n.
差异,不同
复数:differences
1 difference between A and B A和B的区别
2 make a difference 有影响
Can you see the difference between these two pictures? 你能看出这两幅画的区别吗?Planting trees can make a difference to the environment. 植树对环境有影响。
48
lunchtime
/ˈlʌntʃtaɪm/
n.
午餐时间
无
1 at lunchtime 在午餐时间
2 lunchtime break 午餐休息时间
We often talk at lunchtime. 我们常在午餐时间聊天。
I take a walk during lunchtime break. 我午餐休息时散步。
49
cookie
/ˈkʊki/
n.
(美)饼干
复数:cookies
1 chocolate cookie 巧克力饼
2 bake cookies 烤饼干
She made chocolate cookies for us. 她给我们做了巧克力饼干。
We baked cookies in the cooking class. 我们在烹饪课烤了饼干。
50
fork
/fɔːk/
n.
餐叉
复数:forks
1 fork and knife 刀叉
2 use a fork 用餐叉
Westerners eat with a fork and knife. 西方人用刀叉吃饭。
Can I have a fork, please? 请给我一把叉子好吗?
51
spoon
/spuːn/
n.
勺,匙
复数:spoons
1 soup spoon 汤勺
2 tea spoon 茶匙
I need a soup spoon for my soup. 我需要汤勺喝汤。
There are two tea spoons in the cup. 杯子里有两把茶匙。
52
suggestion
/səˈdʒestʃən/
n.
建议
动词:suggest(建议)
1 give a suggestion 提建议
2 accept a suggestion 接受建议
Can I give you a suggestion? 我能给你提个建议吗?
She accepted my suggestion to study together. 她接受了我一起学习的建议。
53
facility
/fəˈsɪləti/
n.
设施,设备
复数:facilities
1 sports facility 体育设施
2 public facility 公共设施
Our school has new sports facilities. 我们学校有新的体育设施。
Parks are public facilities. 公园是公共设施。
54
uniform
/ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/
n.
校服,制服
复数:uniforms
1 school uniform 校服
2 wear a uniform 穿制服
We wear school uniforms on Mondays. 我们周一穿校服。
He looks smart in his uniform. 他穿制服看起来很精神。
55
improve
/ɪmˈpruːv/
v.
改进,改善
三单:improves;过去式:improved
1 improve in 在…方面改进
2 improve your skills 提升技能
He wants to improve in English. 他想在英语方面改进。
Practice can improve your writing skills. 练习能提升写作技能。
56
suggest
/səˈdʒest/
v.
建议
三单:suggests;过去式:suggested
1 suggest doing sth 建议做某事
2 suggest that... 建议…(虚拟语气)
He suggested going to the park. 他建议去公园。
I suggest that we start early. 我建议我们早点出发。
57
provide
/prəˈvaɪd/
v.
提供
三单:provides;过去式:provided
1 provide sth for sb=provide sb with sth 为某人提供某物
2 provide support 提供支持
The school provides books for students. 学校为学生提供书籍。
Teachers provide support to help us learn. 老师提供支持帮助我们学习。
58
moreover
/mɔːrˈəʊvə(r)/
adv.
此外
=besides/what’s more
无
It’s raining; moreover, we have no umbrella. 下雨了,而且我们没带伞。
59
yours sincerely
/jɔːz sɪnˈsɪrli/
短语
谨上,谨启
=Yours truly
无
Yours sincerely, Li Hua 谨上,李华(书信结尾)
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