新知03 形容词的比较级和最高级-2025年新八年级暑假衔接复习&预习精品讲义（重点语法知识精讲+重难点题型突破）

【暑假衔接】语法知识及重难点题型突破大闯关（人教版） 新知03 形容词和副词的比较级 1.形容词比较级和最高级的规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词末一般直接加­er和­est great greater greatest 单音节词以­e结尾，只加­r和­st brave wide braver wider bravest widest 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需先双写这个辅音字母，再加­er和­est big hot bigger hotter biggest hottest 以辅音字母加­y结尾的词，先变­y为­i，再加­er和­est happy happier happiest 多音节词和少数双音节词在前面加more和most difficult expensive more difficult more expensive most difficult most expensive 少数以­er，­ow结尾的双音节词，加­er和­est clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest 2.形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad, ill worse worst many, much许多的 more most little less least far farther距离远的 farthest距离最远 far further距离更远；程度更胜 furthest距离最远；程度最深 old older/elder oldest/eldest 3.形容词比较等级的重要表达 (1) 修饰比较级的词有：rather，much，still，even，far，by far (后置)，a lot，a little，a great deal，a bit, any，one of及序数词修饰，表示程度或顺序。 The students study even harder than before. 学生们甚至比以前学习更努力了。 The book is far more interesting than the books I have ever read. 这本书比我以前读的书有趣多了。 The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的。 (2) 比较级+than... (比......更......) He rises earlier than anyone else in his class. 他比班里其他人都起得早。 (3) less+than 多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词+than... (不如......) This book is less amusing than that one. 这本书不如那本书有趣。 (4) the+比较级+of (两者中更......的) He is the taller of the two boys.他是两个男孩中较高的。 (5) the+比较级+主语+谓语，the +比较级+主语+谓语（越......就越......） The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. 你越认真，犯的错误就越少。 （6）“形容词/副词比较级＋and＋形容词/副词比较级”表示“越来越……” 在“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构中，单音节形容词或副词用“形容词/副词­er＋and＋形容词/副词­er”结构，多音节形容词和副词常用“more and more＋形容词或副词原级”结构。 Things are getting better and better day by day.情况正在一天天好起来。 It's becoming more and more difficult to find a rewarding job.找一份令人满意的工作越来越困难了。 （7）否定词与比较级连用表示最高级 I have never heard a better voice. 我从来没有听过比这更好听的声音。 基础提升 一、单项选择 1．Our village becomes ________ than before because of “Beautiful Village” project. A．cleaner B．the cleaner C．cleanest D．the cleanest 2．There will be ________ personal cars in the future and the roads will be more crowded. A．much less B．much more C．more fewer 3．Guizhou Road is a lot ________ than Yinzhu Road. A．wide B．wider C．widest D．the widest 4．________ exercise you take, ________ you’ll be. A．The fewer; the fatter B．The less; the fatter C．The less; the more fatter D．The fewer; the more fatter 5．Many people think Jiaozi has made Ne Zha 2 _________ than other cartoons. They really like it. A．quicker B．the quickest C．more successful D．the most successful 6．The weather in winter in Changchun is much ________ than that in Guangzhou. A．cold B．colder C．coldest D．the coldest 7．—Do you think Liu Mei is one of ________ students in our class? —Yes, and she is ________ creative than any other student. A．the most hard-working; less B．more hard-working; more C．the most hard-working; more D．most hard-working; less 8．________ careful you are, ________ mistakes you’ll make. A．The more; the less B．The fewer; the more C．The more; the fewer D．The fewer; the less 9．Start with a small ball and then roll it on the ground. This way, it will collect more snow and get ________. A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．the biggest 10．I think there’s no need to buy such an expensive coat for a kid. I’d like a ________ one. A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest 11．________ careful you are, ________ mistakes you will make. A．The fewer; the more B．The more; the fewer C．The more; the less D．The less; the more 12．The girl is ________ than the boy. A．thinner B．thin C．thinnest 13．— Is your friend Lily very outgoing? — Yes, she is ________ than me. A．much outgoing B．more outgoing C．most outgoing D．a little outgoing 14．—Do you think who is _________, Lily or Lucy? —I think Lily is as __________ as Lucy. A．thin; thin B．thinner; thinner C．thinner; thin D．thin; thinner 15．With the development on the technology, our country is becoming ________. A．strong and strong B．stronger and stronger C．more stronger and more stronger D．strongest and strongest 16．In the exam, the ________ you are, the ________ mistakes you’ll make. A．more careful; less B．more carefully; fewer C．more careful; fewer 17．I think Ne Zha II is ________ than any other movie this year. A．popular B．most popular C．more popular D．the most popular 18．—What do you think of my plan of going to Hainan this winter? —I quite agree. It couldn’t be ________. A．good B．better C．bad 19．In summer the weather is ________ in Hainan than in Liaoning. A．much hot B．more hotter C．much hotter 20．The speed of a maglev (磁悬浮) train is _______ higher than that of a traditional one. A．a lot B．more C．quite 21．—What do you think of the movie Ne Zha 2? —It’s fantastic and it’s one of ________ films during the Spring Festival. A．the most popular B．more popular C．less popular D．popular 22．Mount Qomolangma is ________ mountain in the world, attracting climbers every year. A．high B．higher C．highest D．the highest 23．This is ________ book I have ever read. A．interesting B．more interesting C．most interesting D．the most interesting 24．One of ________ challenges for the astronauts in space is writing. They use special pens to write down things. A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．the biggest 25．Xu Yuanchong was regarded as one of the ________ translators in China. His works connect languages with the beauty of poetry. A．successful B．more successful C．most successful 二、语法选择 Do you feel nervous when you try something new? When you are already good at something, do you find it hard to challenge yourself and become even 26 than before? These feelings are very common. We can explain 27 with a psychological (心理学的) idea: the “comfort zone (舒适区)”. Many people like to stay in their comfort zones. It’s easy because you are in control of the situation. However, if you stay there too long, you 28 little adventure or excitement in your life. I enjoy public speaking a lot, and have made many speeches in all kinds of 29 . For a long time I have felt that I behaved 30 and there was nothing I could do to improve. Yes, I was in my “comfort zone”. But recently, I 31 to take part in another speech contest. I saw a really interesting speech. The speaker started with a funny story. It caught everyone’s attention right away. Suddenly, I saw a new door open 32 me. Afterward, I developed several different ways 33 a speech. The new achievement gave me 34 taste of sweetness that I had long missed. This experience has made me realize that we can get trapped (困住的) in our little, comfortable “boxes” so easily. But 35 you get out, you can make a big improvement and become happier! 26．A．good B．better C．best 27．A．they B．their C．them 28．A．have B．had C．will have 29．A．competition B．competitions C．competition’s 30．A．enough well B．good enough C．well enough 31．A．advised B．was advising C．was advised 32．A．with B．for C．to 33．A．started B．starting C．to start 34．A．the B．a C．/ 35．A．if B．though C．because 三、短文填空 In our family, everyone helps out around the house. Sharing housework makes our family closer and 36 (happy). We want 37 (keep) our house clean and tidy. Every morning, my younger sister Lingling and I make the bed by 38 (our). When we finish breakfast, Lingling carries all the 39 (dish) to the kitchen. My special job is taking care of Coco, our lovely pet dog. I fill our dog Coco’s bowl 40 food. In 41 evening, we often do some teamwork. When the sun 42 (set) over our neighbourhood, Lingling and I take turns walking Coco. Lingling loves watering flowers in our house, 43 she is not tall enough to reach the top of the shelf. So I water the flowers on the top. I’m so proud 44 my role as the older brother. My sister and I 45 (learn) a lot through housework already. Last month, when my mom was sick, all the housework 46 (do) by my sister and me. Housework isn’t just work. It shows love for our family. Tomorrow is my 47 (sister) birthday. And it is her 48 (eleven) birthday. At the moment I 49 (prepare) a gift for her. I want to give her a surprise, so I am doing it 50 (secret). I hope she will like it. I love my family. 四、选词填空 短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。) name(v.)   good   it   have   culture   visit   hundred   most   usual   connect The West Lake in Hangzhou attracts people all over the world. It is famous for 51 natural beauty and bridges. Of all the bridges over the West Lake, the Broken Bridge is said to be the 52 famous. Every year, quite a lot of tourists come here to 53 it. However, the name “Broken Bridge” does not mean the bridge is broken. People 54 it because it marks the end of the way that leads to Solitary Hill, a small hill close to the West Lake. And people 55 used this name since the Tang dynasty (618—907). In the Song dynasty (960—1279), the Broken Bridge became a popular sight for visitors. They would 56 come to the West Lake in winter to enjoy the beauty of the bridge. For 57 of years, the beautiful picture of Lingering Snow of the Broken Bridge has been a well-talked-about scene. And even today it is still considered as a 58 example of harmonious (和谐的) beauty between architecture (建筑设计) and nature. Poems and stories of old days helped to make a 59 between the bridge and love. For example, the story of the White Snake and Xu Xian meeting on the Broken Bridge has made it an important symbol of love in Chinese 60 . 难点强化 一、语法选择 Emilio Santana, a 14-year-old American boy, studies at a high school in Rhode Island. Two years ago, Emilio saw something. It 1 changed his life. He saw a little girl at a beach. She was going to play the water excitedly. However, 2 she took her hat off, her hair went with it. 3 awful she felt at that moment! That just shocked him. After then, Emilio decided 4 his hair so that one day he could give it to someone in need. However, growing his hair wasn’t easy. He had to face bad words 5 others. Some people said, “Boys shouldn’t have long hair!” But Emilio thought, “As long as I can make someone smile and make their life 6 than before, I’ll do it.” This year, Emilio thought it was time to cut 7 hair. He gave it to an organization (组织) called Hair We Share. It gives hair to sick 8 for free. Besides giving hair, he 9 money to help the group for a year. Emilio has a message for 10 person who will get his hair. He wants to say, “If I meet you in the future, I’ll tell you that you are beautiful, whether you have hair or not. I really hope my hair can bring you joy.” 1．A．quick B．quickly C．quickness 2．A．if B．when C．before 3．A．How B．What C．What a 4．A．grow B．growing C．to grow 5．A．to B．with C．from 6．A．happy B．happier C．happiest 7．A．he B．him C．his 8．A．child B．children C．children’s 9．A．raise B．raised C．has raised 10．A．a B．an C．the 2、 阅读理解 A On a street corner in a busy town there lived a boy named Billy. His father was a policeman. Billy was very proud of his father and wanted to be a policeman like him. Near Billy’s bedroom window, a mother squirrel lived in a tree with her four babies. Billy often left peanuts (花生) outside the window, and the clever squirrel quickly learned to collect them. He loved watching Mother Squirrel teach her young ones to climb trees and follow her closely. The smallest squirrel, however, was always slower and shyer. On a sunny Saturday, while cleaning the yard, Billy heard strange noises. Looking up, he saw the squirrel family climbing down the tree. Mother Squirrel led them across the street to a garden. Three babies followed quickly, but the smallest squirrel could not run so fast. Suddenly, a car came down the road! The tiny squirrel was so afraid that he jumped into an opening sewer (下水道). Billy rushed over and looked into the dark hole. The baby was climbing on the wet wall, too scared to cry for help. Even if Mother Squirrel returned, she couldn’t save him. But Billy knew how to help. He remembered his father’s words, “Heroes act fast.” Picking up a stick, he lowered it into the hole. The little squirrel climbed up slowly. Carefully, Billy carried him across the street. When Billy placed the baby on the grass, Mother Squirrel ran over. She gently picked up her lost child and carried him back to their tree nest (巢). Watching the family get together, Billy smiled. Just like his father, he had protected someone in danger. “Today, I was a squirrel’s policeman,” he thought. “Some day, I’ll be a real one!” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11．What did Billy often do to help the squirrels near his window? A．He left peanuts outside for them. B．He led them to walk across the street. C．He built a nest for the mother squirrel. D．He taught them how to collect peanuts. 12．What happened when the squirrel family crossed the street? A．The smallest squirrel fell into the sewer. B．The smallest squirrel was hurt by the car. C．The smallest squirrel went the wrong way. D．The smallest squirrel was taken away by a driver. 13．What is Billy’s father to him according to the story? A．A warm friend. B．A strict teacher. C．A patient helper. D．A good example. 14．How did Billy’s feelings change on the sunny Saturday? A．Relaxed→scared→excited. B．Bored→nervous→satisfied. C．Doubtful→worried→proud. D．Pleased→surprised→hopeful. 15．What is the best title for the text? A．Brave Billy B．Billy’s Hero Father C．The Squirrel Family D．The Squirrel’s Policeman B In the West, Chinese food is becoming more and more popular, especially Sichuan food. Sichuan food is well-known for two basic tastes—ma and la. Now, many Westerners fall in love with the spicy (辛辣的) dishes of Sichuan. Here are the top three of them. Ma po tofu is probably the best-known Sichuan dish in the West. It is made with tofu and beef. Many people like ma po tofu because of its special taste, ma. There is an old story about it. It is said that ma po tofu was made by an old woman who had many marks (斑点) on her face. Hot pot is also called ma la huoguo. Many Westerners think hot pot is the hottest dish. It is a social meal and everyone cooks their own food in the pot while talking. So it’s a good way to enjoy delicious food and have conversations. They also think hot pot is a sign of a brave person if a person can eat a Sichuan hot pot meal without drinking cold water. Kungpao chicken is another spicy dish. It has the other name, gong bao ji ding. It’s made with chicken and peanuts. Its name comes from Ding Baozhen, an officer of Sichuan. The dish was his favourite. One story is that he often put on poor clothes so that he could experience the real lives of common people. Once Ding Baozhen ate this dish in a small restaurant, he enjoyed it so much that he asked his cook to make the same dish. The dish got its name from this. 16．What is Sichuan food well-known for? A．Its colours. B．Its smells. C．Its tastes. D．Its stories. 17．Ma po tofu is made with ________. A．tofu and chicken B．chicken and peanuts C．beef and peanuts D．tofu and beef 18．What is the hottest dish in many Westerners’ opinion? A．Ma po tofu. B．Hot pot. C．Kungpao chicken. D．Hui guo rou. 19．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Ma po tofu is named after an old man with marks. B．Hot pot is a good way to enjoy delicious food and talk with other people. C．A person is brave when eating a hot pot meal with drinking cold water. D．Ding Baozhen was a cook in Sichuan. 20．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 The Lin family has a son 21 a daughter, Lin Ming and Lin Fang. Lin Ming is seven and Lin Fang is two years 22 (young) than her brother. They study in different 23 (school). One day, Mrs. Lin picked 24 Lin Ming and then they went to Lin Fang’s school together. Some boys and girls 25 (play) happily on the playground. Lin Ming stood at the school gate and waited 26 his sister. Just then, the bell 27 (ring). Several minutes later, many 28 (child) walked out in a line. Lin Fang was the 29 (five) one in it. When Lin Ming saw her, he couldn’t wait 30 (run) to her. “Fang fang,” Lin Ming 31 (shout). 32 (jump) with joy, Lin Fang rushed to meet 33 (he). They hugged each other and walked to their mother hand in hand. When Mrs. Lin saw this, 34 big smile appeared on her face. Her heart was filled with 35 (happy). 四、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 that  improvement  increase  besides  however  I  well  with  be  importance  recycle  week I work as a supervisor (督导员) at my school and have truly enjoyed this role over the past six months. Since I’m crazy about environmental protection, every day in this position brings 36 joy. As a supervisor, my responsibility is to make sure 37 our school takes action to protect the environment. There are six of us in the team. We meet every two 38 to bring different ideas. During these meetings, we talk about ways to encourage students to 39 daily behaviors and become more environmentally friendly. Last month, we noticed the serious littering problem around the school. We made some eye-catching signs 40 short, fun messages like “Trash in Bin, All Wins!” and put them up all over the school. 41 , we gave a report about the problem in a school meeting. The results 42 great. Now, the floors are perfectly clean. We also work on 43 . We knew some students might not understand how 44 it is to sort (分类) waste. So, we placed different bins for glass, paper and plastic in every classroom. We made the bins look nice and even had a small game to see which class could do the 45 in a week. Now students are doing a great job, and our school is becoming a cleaner and healthier place to study and grow. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 【暑假衔接】语法知识及重难点题型突破大闯关（人教版） 新知03 形容词的比较级和最高级 1.形容词比较级和最高级的规则变化 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词末一般直接加­er和­est great greater greatest 单音节词以­e结尾，只加­r和­st brave wide braver wider bravest widest 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需先双写这个辅音字母，再加­er和­est big hot bigger hotter biggest hottest 以辅音字母加­y结尾的词，先变­y为­i，再加­er和­est happy happier happiest 多音节词和少数双音节词在前面加more和most difficult expensive more difficult more expensive most difficult most expensive 少数以­er，­ow结尾的双音节词，加­er和­est clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest 2.形容词比较级和最高级的不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good, well better best bad, ill worse worst many, much许多的 more most little less least far farther距离远的 farthest距离最远 far further距离更远；程度更胜 furthest距离最远；程度最深 old older/elder oldest/eldest 3.形容词比较等级的重要表达 (1) 修饰比较级的词有：rather，much，still，even，far，by far (后置)，a lot，a little，a great deal，a bit, any，one of及序数词修饰，表示程度或顺序。 The students study even harder than before. 学生们甚至比以前学习更努力了。 The book is far more interesting than the books I have ever read. 这本书比我以前读的书有趣多了。 The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的。 (2) 比较级+than... (比......更......) He rises earlier than anyone else in his class. 他比班里其他人都起得早。 (3) less+than 多音节或某些双音节的形容词或副词+than... (不如......) This book is less amusing than that one. 这本书不如那本书有趣。 (4) the+比较级+of (两者中更......的) He is the taller of the two boys.他是两个男孩中较高的。 (5) the+比较级+主语+谓语，the +比较级+主语+谓语（越......就越......） The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. 你越认真，犯的错误就越少。 （6）“形容词/副词比较级＋and＋形容词/副词比较级”表示“越来越……” 在“比较级＋and＋比较级”结构中，单音节形容词或副词用“形容词/副词­er＋and＋形容词/副词­er”结构，多音节形容词和副词常用“more and more＋形容词或副词原级”结构。 Things are getting better and better day by day.情况正在一天天好起来。 It's becoming more and more difficult to find a rewarding job.找一份令人满意的工作越来越困难了。 （7）否定词与比较级连用表示最高级 I have never heard a better voice. 我从来没有听过比这更好听的声音。 基础提升 一、单项选择 1．Our village becomes ________ than before because of “Beautiful Village” project. A．cleaner B．the cleaner C．cleanest D．the cleanest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的乡村因为“美丽乡村”的项目变得比之前更干净了。考查形容词的比较级。clearner更干净的；cleanest最干净的，clean的最高级。根据句中比较级的标志词than，并结合句意可知，此处指的乡村变得更干净，所以要用cleaner。故选A。 2．There will be ________ personal cars in the future and the roads will be more crowded. A．much less B．much more C．more fewer 【答案】B 【详解】句意：将来会有更多的私家车，道路也会更加拥挤。考查形容词比较级及词义辨析。much less更少，修饰不可数名词；much more更多，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词；more fewer错误表达。根据“the roads will be more crowded”可知，此处指会有更多的车，且修饰名词复数cars，用much more。故选B。 3．Guizhou Road is a lot ________ than Yinzhu Road. A．wide B．wider C．widest D．the widest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：贵州路比银珠路宽得多。考查形容词的等级。wide宽的；wider更宽的；widest最宽的。根据“a lot...than...”可知，此处是两者相比，应用比较级。故选B。 4．________ exercise you take, ________ you’ll be. A．The fewer; the fatter B．The less; the fatter C．The less; the more fatter D．The fewer; the more fatter 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你锻炼得越少，你就会越胖。考查形容词比较级的用法。fewer较少的，修饰可数名词复数；less较少的，修饰不可数名词。此句为“The+比较级+主谓，the+比较级+主谓”“越……就越……”结构。“exercise”为不可数名词，第一个空用less修饰。fat的比较级为fatter。故选B。 5．Many people think Jiaozi has made Ne Zha 2 _________ than other cartoons. They really like it. A．quicker B．the quickest C．more successful D．the most successful 【答案】C 【详解】句意：很多人认为饺子让《哪吒2》比其他动画片更成功。他们真的很喜欢它。 考查比较级用法。quicker更快；the quickest最快；more successful更成功；the most successful最成功。根据“than other cartoons”可知，此处将《哪吒2》比其他动画片相比，应该用比较级；根据“They really like it.”可知，观众喜欢说明它是成功的。故选C。 6．The weather in winter in Changchun is much ________ than that in Guangzhou. A．cold B．colder C．coldest D．the coldest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：长春冬天的天气比广州冷得多。考查比较级。根据“much ... than”可知，空处应用比较级形式。故选B。 7．—Do you think Liu Mei is one of ________ students in our class? —Yes, and she is ________ creative than any other student. A．the most hard-working; less B．more hard-working; more C．the most hard-working; more D．most hard-working; less 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认为刘梅是我们班最用功的学生之一吗？——是的，而且她还比其他学生更有创造力。考查形容词的比较级和最高级。根据“one of…students in our class”可知，第一空需用形容词最高级，其结构为“the+形容词最高级”，hard-working为合成词，最高级形式是在形容词前加most；根据“than”可知，第二空需用形容词比较级，根据句中“Yes”和“and”可推测刘梅也比其他同学更有创造力，所以用more。故选C。 8．________ careful you are, ________ mistakes you’ll make. A．The more; the less B．The fewer; the more C．The more; the fewer D．The fewer; the less 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你越仔细，犯的错误就越少。考查形容词比较级的用法。“the+比较级…, the+比较级…”句型，表示“越……，越……”。前半句“careful”是形容词，用“the more”修饰；后半句“mistakes”是可数名词复数，用“the fewer”修饰。故选C。 9．Start with a small ball and then roll it on the ground. This way, it will collect more snow and get ________. A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．the biggest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：从一个小球开始，然后在地上滚动。这样，它会收集更多的雪并变得更大。 考查形容词比较级。根据“it will collect more snow”可知，此处暗示雪球体积动态增加，需用比较级，体现“比原状态更大”的变化趋势，B项符合。故选B。 10．I think there’s no need to buy such an expensive coat for a kid. I’d like a ________ one. A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我认为没必要给孩子买这么贵的外套。我想要一件更便宜的。考查形容词比较级。cheap便宜的，原级；cheaper更便宜的，比较级；cheapest最便宜的，最高级。根据“no need to buy such an expensive coat”可知，此处是与昂贵的外套作比较，强调更便宜的，用比较级cheaper符合语境。故选B。 11．________ careful you are, ________ mistakes you will make. A．The fewer; the more B．The more; the fewer C．The more; the less D．The less; the more 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你越仔细，犯的错误就越少。考查形容词比较级的用法。“careful”的比较级是“more careful”；“mistakes”是可数名词复数，“少”用“fewer”修饰。句子表达“你越细心，犯的错误就越少”，符合“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。故选B。 12．The girl is ________ than the boy. A．thinner B．thin C．thinnest 【答案】A 【详解】句意：女孩比男孩更瘦。考查形容词比较级。根据“than”可知，横线处填比较级，故选A。 13．— Is your friend Lily very outgoing? — Yes, she is ________ than me. A．much outgoing B．more outgoing C．most outgoing D．a little outgoing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你的朋友莉莉很外向吗？——是的，她比我更外向。考查形容词比较级。much outgoing表述错误，much一般修饰形容词比较级，不能直接修饰形容词原级；more outgoing更外向的，形容词比较级；most outgoing表述错误，形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词the；a little outgoing有点外向的。根据句中“than”可知，此处应用比较级，outgoing的比较级为more outgoing。故选B。 14．—Do you think who is _________, Lily or Lucy? —I think Lily is as __________ as Lucy. A．thin; thin B．thinner; thinner C．thinner; thin D．thin; thinner 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认为谁更瘦，Lily还是Lucy？——我认为Lily和Lucy一样瘦。考查比较级和原级。thin瘦的，原级；thinner更瘦的，比较级。根据“Lily or Lucy”可知，空一处是两者进行比较，用比较级；根据“Lily is as ... as Lucy”可知，as ... as结构中，中间用原级。故选C。 15．With the development on the technology, our country is becoming ________. A．strong and strong B．stronger and stronger C．more stronger and more stronger D．strongest and strongest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：随着科技的发展，我们的国家变得越来越强大。考查形容词的比较级的用法。形容词比较级的叠用“比较级+and+比较级”表示程度的逐渐递增或递减，表示“越来越……”，选项B符合题意。故选B。 16．In the exam, the ________ you are, the ________ mistakes you’ll make. A．more careful; less B．more carefully; fewer C．more careful; fewer 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在考试中，你越仔细，犯的错误就越少。考查比较级。第一空，be动词（are）后需形容词作表语，careful为形容词，比较级为more careful；第二空，mistakes（错误）为可数名词复数，需用fewer修饰，less用于修饰不可数名词。故选C。 17．I think Ne Zha II is ________ than any other movie this year. A．popular B．most popular C．more popular D．the most popular 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我认为《哪吒2》比今年的任何一部电影都要受欢迎。考查比较级。根据“than”可知，此处应用popular的比较级more popular。故选C。 18．—What do you think of my plan of going to Hainan this winter? —I quite agree. It couldn’t be ________. A．good B．better C．bad 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你觉得我这个冬天去海南的计划怎么样？——我非常同意。这再好不过了。考查比较级。good好的，形容词原级；better更好的，形容词比较级；bad坏的，形容词原级。根据“I quite agree.”可知，是认为这个计划很好，从句意上排除选项C；此处是比较级的否定表示最高级，表示“没有比……更……的了”，所以用better，故选B。 19．In summer the weather is ________ in Hainan than in Liaoning. A．much hot B．more hotter C．much hotter 【答案】C 【详解】句意：海南夏天的天气比辽宁要热得多。考查形容词比较级用法。根据句中“than”可知，本句需用比较级，hot为单音节形容词，其比较级为hotter；much可以修饰比较级，more只能构成多音节词的比较级，不能修饰比较级。故选C。 20．The speed of a maglev (磁悬浮) train is _______ higher than that of a traditional one. A．a lot B．more C．quite 【答案】A 【详解】句意：磁悬浮列车的速度比传统列车的速度快得多。考查比较级的修饰词。a lot可以修饰比较级；more后加原级构成比较级；quite修饰原级。由higher可知此处是比较级的修饰词，用a lot表示“……得多”。故选A。 21．—What do you think of the movie Ne Zha 2? —It’s fantastic and it’s one of ________ films during the Spring Festival. A．the most popular B．more popular C．less popular D．popular 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得电影《哪吒2》怎么样？——这部电影太棒了，是春节期间最受欢迎的电影之一。考查形容词最高级。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定句式“one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数”，A项符合。故选A。 22．Mount Qomolangma is ________ mountain in the world, attracting climbers every year. A．high B．higher C．highest D．the highest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰，每年吸引着登山者。考查形容词最高级。根据“in the world”可知，此处是三者以上的比较，需用形容词最高级。high的最高级形式是highest，最高级前面要加定冠词the。故选D。 23．This is ________ book I have ever read. A．interesting B．more interesting C．most interesting D．the most interesting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这是我读过的最有趣的书。考查形容词最高级。根据“I have ever read”可知，此处表示对多个事物的比较，需用最高级形式，前加定冠词the。故选D。 24．One of ________ challenges for the astronauts in space is writing. They use special pens to write down things. A．big B．bigger C．biggest D．the biggest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：太空宇航员面临的最大挑战之一是书写。他们用特殊的笔来记录事情。考查形容词最高级用法。big 大，原级；bigger更大的，比较级；biggest最大的，最高级；the biggest最大的，最高级。根据“One of...challenges for the astronauts in space is writing. ”可知，此处说的是众多挑战中最大的，“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数” ，意为 “……中最…… 之一” 。故选D。 25．Xu Yuanchong was regarded as one of the ________ translators in China. His works connect languages with the beauty of poetry. A．successful B．more successful C．most successful 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许渊冲被认为是中国最成功的翻译家之一。他的作品将语言与诗歌之美联系起来。考查形容词最高级。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”。故选C。 二、语法选择 Do you feel nervous when you try something new? When you are already good at something, do you find it hard to challenge yourself and become even 26 than before? These feelings are very common. We can explain 27 with a psychological (心理学的) idea: the “comfort zone (舒适区)”. Many people like to stay in their comfort zones. It’s easy because you are in control of the situation. However, if you stay there too long, you 28 little adventure or excitement in your life. I enjoy public speaking a lot, and have made many speeches in all kinds of 29 . For a long time I have felt that I behaved 30 and there was nothing I could do to improve. Yes, I was in my “comfort zone”. But recently, I 31 to take part in another speech contest. I saw a really interesting speech. The speaker started with a funny story. It caught everyone’s attention right away. Suddenly, I saw a new door open 32 me. Afterward, I developed several different ways 33 a speech. The new achievement gave me 34 taste of sweetness that I had long missed. This experience has made me realize that we can get trapped (困住的) in our little, comfortable “boxes” so easily. But 35 you get out, you can make a big improvement and become happier! 26．A．good B．better C．best 27．A．they B．their C．them 28．A．have B．had C．will have 29．A．competition B．competitions C．competition’s 30．A．enough well B．good enough C．well enough 31．A．advised B．was advising C．was advised 32．A．with B．for C．to 33．A．started B．starting C．to start 34．A．the B．a C．/ 35．A．if B．though C．because 【答案】 26．B 27．C 28．C 29．B 30．C 31．C 32．C 33．C 34．B 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过参加演讲比赛，走出舒适区，获得新的成就和快乐的故事，并鼓励人们勇敢走出舒适区，实现自我提升。 26．句意：当你已经擅长某件事时，你是否发现很难挑战自己，变得比以前更好？ good好的；better更好的；best最好的。根据“than before”可知，此处应用比较级形式，表示“比以前更好”。故选B。 27．句意：我们可以用一个心理学概念来解释它们： “舒适区”。 they他们，主格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；them他们，宾格。此处指代上文提到的“These feelings”，作explain的宾语，应用宾格them。故选C。 28．句意：然而，如果你在那里待得太久，你的生活中将很少有冒险或兴奋。 have有，动词原形；had过去式；will have一般将来时。根据“if you stay there too long”可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，主句应用一般将来时。故选C。 29．句意：我非常喜欢公开演讲，并在各种比赛中做过很多演讲。 competition比赛，单数形式；competitions比赛，复数形式；competition’s比赛的，名词所有格。根据“all kinds of”可知，此处应用复数形式。故选B。 30．句意：很长一段时间以来，我都觉得自己表现得足够好了，没有什么可以改进的了。 enough well形式错误，enough修饰形容词或副词时，应放在其后；good enough足够好，形容词短语；well enough足够好，副词短语。此处修饰动词behaved，应用副词短语well enough。故选C。 31．句意：但最近，我被建议参加另一场演讲比赛。 advised建议，过去式；was advising过去进行时；was advised一般过去时的被动语态。根据“But recently”可知，时态为一般过去时，且主语I与动词advise之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 32．句意：突然，我看到一扇新的门向我敞开。 with和……一起；for为了；to到，向。根据“I saw a new door open...me”可知，此处表示“向我敞开”，应用介词to。故选C。 33．句意：之后，我开发了几种不同的演讲方式。 started开始，过去式；starting现在分词；to start不定式。根据“I developed several different ways...a speech”可知，此处应用不定式作后置定语，修饰ways，表示“做演讲的方式”。故选C。 34．句意：新的成就给了我一种久违的甜蜜。 the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，表泛指；/零冠词。根据“gave me...taste of sweetness”可知，此处表示“一种甜蜜”，应用不定冠词a。故选B。 35．句意：但如果你走出去，你就能取得很大的进步，变得更快乐！ if如果；though虽然；because因为。根据“...you get out, you can make a big improvement and become happier!”可知，此处表示“如果你走出去”，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选A。 三、短文填空 In our family, everyone helps out around the house. Sharing housework makes our family closer and 36 (happy). We want 37 (keep) our house clean and tidy. Every morning, my younger sister Lingling and I make the bed by 38 (our). When we finish breakfast, Lingling carries all the 39 (dish) to the kitchen. My special job is taking care of Coco, our lovely pet dog. I fill our dog Coco’s bowl 40 food. In 41 evening, we often do some teamwork. When the sun 42 (set) over our neighbourhood, Lingling and I take turns walking Coco. Lingling loves watering flowers in our house, 43 she is not tall enough to reach the top of the shelf. So I water the flowers on the top. I’m so proud 44 my role as the older brother. My sister and I 45 (learn) a lot through housework already. Last month, when my mom was sick, all the housework 46 (do) by my sister and me. Housework isn’t just work. It shows love for our family. Tomorrow is my 47 (sister) birthday. And it is her 48 (eleven) birthday. At the moment I 49 (prepare) a gift for her. I want to give her a surprise, so I am doing it 50 (secret). I hope she will like it. I love my family. 【答案】 36．happier 37．to keep 38．ourselves 39．dishes 40．with 41．the 42．sets 43．but 44．of 45．have learned/have learnt 46．was done 47．sister’s 48．eleventh 49．am preparing 50．secretly 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个家庭成员共同分担家务的故事，体现了家庭合作与亲情。 36．句意：分担家务让我们的家庭更亲密、更快乐。根据“closer and”可知，此处需用happy的比较级形式happier。故填happier。 37．句意：我们想保持房子干净整洁。want to do sth.“想要做某事”，是固定搭配。故填to keep。 38．句意：每天早上，我和妹妹玲玲自己整理床铺。by oneself表示“独自/亲自”，应填ourselves。故填ourselves。 39．句意：当我们吃完早餐后，玲玲把所有盘子端到厨房。根据空前的“all”可知，此处用复数形式dishes。故填dishes。 40．句意：我给我们的狗Coco的碗里装满食物。fill…with…“用……装满……”，是固定搭配。故填with。 41．句意：晚上，我们经常进行一些团队合作。in the evening“在晚上”，是固定搭配。故填the。 42．句意：当太阳在我们社区落下时，我和玲玲轮流遛Coco。句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“the sun”，用三单形式sets。故填sets。 43．句意：玲玲喜欢在我们家浇花，但她个子不够高，够不到架子的顶部。根据“Lingling loves watering flowers in our house…she is not tall enough to reach the top of the shelf.”的语境可知，此处句意发生了转折，but“但是”符合。故填but。 44．句意：我为自己作为哥哥的角色感到非常自豪。be proud of…“为……自豪”，是固定搭配。故填of。 45．句意：我和妹妹已经通过家务学到了很多。根据“already”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，主语为“My sister and I”，应填have learned/have learnt。故填have learned/have learnt。 46．句意：上个月妈妈生病时，所有家务都由我和妹妹完成。housework与do之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用was done。故填was done。 47．句意：明天是我妹妹的生日。根据“Tomorrow is my…birthday.”的语境可知，此处指妹妹的生日，用’s所有格形式。故填sister’s。 48．句意：这是她的11岁生日。表示“第几”生日需用序数词，应填eleventh。故填eleventh。 49．句意：此刻我正在为她准备礼物。根据“At the moment”可知，此处表示正在进行的动作，句子时态为现在进行时，主语为“I”，应填am preparing。故填am preparing。 50．句意：我想给她一个惊喜，所以我秘密地做了这件事情。分析句子结构可知，此处用副词形式secretly“秘密地”，修饰动词doing。故填secretly。 四、选词填空 短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。(每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。) name(v.)   good   it   have   culture   visit   hundred   most   usual   connect The West Lake in Hangzhou attracts people all over the world. It is famous for 51 natural beauty and bridges. Of all the bridges over the West Lake, the Broken Bridge is said to be the 52 famous. Every year, quite a lot of tourists come here to 53 it. However, the name “Broken Bridge” does not mean the bridge is broken. People 54 it because it marks the end of the way that leads to Solitary Hill, a small hill close to the West Lake. And people 55 used this name since the Tang dynasty (618—907). In the Song dynasty (960—1279), the Broken Bridge became a popular sight for visitors. They would 56 come to the West Lake in winter to enjoy the beauty of the bridge. For 57 of years, the beautiful picture of Lingering Snow of the Broken Bridge has been a well-talked-about scene. And even today it is still considered as a 58 example of harmonious (和谐的) beauty between architecture (建筑设计) and nature. Poems and stories of old days helped to make a 59 between the bridge and love. For example, the story of the White Snake and Xu Xian meeting on the Broken Bridge has made it an important symbol of love in Chinese 60 . 【答案】 51．its 52．most 53．visit 54．named 55．have 56．usually 57．hundreds 58．good 59．connection 60．culture 【导语】本文主要介绍了杭州西湖的断桥及其文化意义。 51．句意：西湖以其自然美景和桥梁而闻名。根据“It is famous for...natural beauty and bridges”和备选词可知，西湖因它的自然美景和桥梁而闻名，it“它”符合语境，此处需用形容词性物主代词its指代“西湖的”。故填its。 52．句意：在西湖所有的桥中，断桥据说最有名。根据“Of all the bridges”和备选词可知，是在所有桥中进行比较，应用最高级形式。most“最”符合语境，the most famous“最著名的”。故填most。 53．句意：每年都有很多游客来这里参观它。根据“tourists come here”和备选词可知，游客来此的目的是参观西湖。visit“参观”符合语境，come to do sth“来做某事”，此处为不定式作目的状语。故填visit。 54．句意：人们给它命名，因为它标志着通往孤山的道路的终点，孤山是靠近西湖的一座小山。根据“the name ‘Broken Bridge’”和备选词可知，此处指人们为桥命名。name“命名”符合语境，作动词，此处描述过去的行为，用一般过去时named。故填named。 55．句意：并且人们从唐朝（618—907）就开始使用这个名字了。根据“since the Tang dynasty (618—907)”和备选词可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示从过去持续到现在的动作，即have/has done。have助动词，符合语境，主语people为复数，助动词用have。故填have。 56．句意：他们通常会在冬天来西湖欣赏桥的美景。根据“come to the West Lake in winter”和备选词可知，此处描述游客的习惯性行为。usual“通常的”符合语境，此处应用其副词形式usually，修饰动词come。故填usually。 57．句意：数百年来，断桥残雪的美丽景象一直是人们热议的场景。根据“of years”可知，此处表示“数百年”。hundreds of“数百的”。故填hundreds。 58．句意：即使在今天，它仍然被认为是建筑设计与自然和谐之美的一个很好的例子。根据“example of harmonious (和谐的) beauty”和备选词可知，此处强调断桥是好的范例。good“好的”为形容词，修饰名词example。故填good。 59．句意：古代的诗歌和故事帮助在桥与爱情之间建立了联系。根据“between the bridge and love”和备选词可知，此处指建立联系。connect“联系”符合语境，此处应用其名词形式connection“联系”，make a connection“建立联系”。故填connection。 60．句意：例如，白蛇和许仙在断桥上相遇的故事，使它成为中国文化中爱情的重要象征。根据“Chinese”和备选词可知，此处指中国文化。culture“文化”符合语境，为不可数名词。故填culture。 难点强化 一、语法选择 Emilio Santana, a 14-year-old American boy, studies at a high school in Rhode Island. Two years ago, Emilio saw something. It 1 changed his life. He saw a little girl at a beach. She was going to play the water excitedly. However, 2 she took her hat off, her hair went with it. 3 awful she felt at that moment! That just shocked him. After then, Emilio decided 4 his hair so that one day he could give it to someone in need. However, growing his hair wasn’t easy. He had to face bad words 5 others. Some people said, “Boys shouldn’t have long hair!” But Emilio thought, “As long as I can make someone smile and make their life 6 than before, I’ll do it.” This year, Emilio thought it was time to cut 7 hair. He gave it to an organization (组织) called Hair We Share. It gives hair to sick 8 for free. Besides giving hair, he 9 money to help the group for a year. Emilio has a message for 10 person who will get his hair. He wants to say, “If I meet you in the future, I’ll tell you that you are beautiful, whether you have hair or not. I really hope my hair can bring you joy.” 1．A．quick B．quickly C．quickness 2．A．if B．when C．before 3．A．How B．What C．What a 4．A．grow B．growing C．to grow 5．A．to B．with C．from 6．A．happy B．happier C．happiest 7．A．he B．him C．his 8．A．child B．children C．children’s 9．A．raise B．raised C．has raised 10．A．a B．an C．the 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文讲述了14岁的美国男孩Emilio Santana通过留长发并捐赠给需要的人，展现了善良与勇气，体现了小行动也能带来大改变。 1．句意：这件事迅速改变了他的生活。 quick快速的(形容词)；quickly迅速地(副词)；quickness快速(名词)。此处需要副词修饰动词“changed”。故选B。 2．句意：然而，当她摘下帽子时，她的头发也随之脱落。 if如果；when当……时；before在……之前。根据句意可知，此处描述的是摘帽时的伴随动作，表示“当……的时候”。故选B。 3．句意：那一刻她感到多么糟糕啊！ How多么(修饰形容词/副词)；What多么(修饰名词)；What a多么(修饰单数可数名词)。空后“awful”是形容词，需用How引导感叹句。故选A。 4．句意：从那以后，Emilio决定留长发，这样有一天他就可以把它送给需要的人。 grow原形；growing动名词；to grow不定式。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，为固定搭配。故选C。 5．句意：他不得不面对来自他人的恶言。 to向；with和；from来自。根据句意可知，此处表示“来自”他人的恶言。故选C。 6．句意：只要我能让某个人微笑，并让他们的生活比以前更好，我就会去做。 happy原级；happier比较级；happiest最高级。根据“than before”可知，此处用比较级。故选B。 7．句意：今年Emilio认为是时候剪掉他的长发了。 he主格；him宾格；his物主代词。此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰“hair”。故选C。 8．句意：该组织免费为患病儿童提供假发。 child单数；children复数；children’s所有格。根据句意可知，此处不止是为一个儿童，要用名词复数。故选B。 9．句意：除了捐发，他还为这个组织筹集了一年资金。 raise原形；raised过去式；has raised现在完成时。根据“for a year”可知，用现在完成时。故选C。 10．句意：Emilio给将获得他头发的人留了一条信息。 a泛指，以辅音音素开头的单词前；an以元音音素开头的单词前；the特指。此处特指接收头发的人。故选C。 2、 阅读理解 A On a street corner in a busy town there lived a boy named Billy. His father was a policeman. Billy was very proud of his father and wanted to be a policeman like him. Near Billy’s bedroom window, a mother squirrel lived in a tree with her four babies. Billy often left peanuts (花生) outside the window, and the clever squirrel quickly learned to collect them. He loved watching Mother Squirrel teach her young ones to climb trees and follow her closely. The smallest squirrel, however, was always slower and shyer. On a sunny Saturday, while cleaning the yard, Billy heard strange noises. Looking up, he saw the squirrel family climbing down the tree. Mother Squirrel led them across the street to a garden. Three babies followed quickly, but the smallest squirrel could not run so fast. Suddenly, a car came down the road! The tiny squirrel was so afraid that he jumped into an opening sewer (下水道). Billy rushed over and looked into the dark hole. The baby was climbing on the wet wall, too scared to cry for help. Even if Mother Squirrel returned, she couldn’t save him. But Billy knew how to help. He remembered his father’s words, “Heroes act fast.” Picking up a stick, he lowered it into the hole. The little squirrel climbed up slowly. Carefully, Billy carried him across the street. When Billy placed the baby on the grass, Mother Squirrel ran over. She gently picked up her lost child and carried him back to their tree nest (巢). Watching the family get together, Billy smiled. Just like his father, he had protected someone in danger. “Today, I was a squirrel’s policeman,” he thought. “Some day, I’ll be a real one!” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 11．What did Billy often do to help the squirrels near his window? A．He left peanuts outside for them. B．He led them to walk across the street. C．He built a nest for the mother squirrel. D．He taught them how to collect peanuts. 12．What happened when the squirrel family crossed the street? A．The smallest squirrel fell into the sewer. B．The smallest squirrel was hurt by the car. C．The smallest squirrel went the wrong way. D．The smallest squirrel was taken away by a driver. 13．What is Billy’s father to him according to the story? A．A warm friend. B．A strict teacher. C．A patient helper. D．A good example. 14．How did Billy’s feelings change on the sunny Saturday? A．Relaxed→scared→excited. B．Bored→nervous→satisfied. C．Doubtful→worried→proud. D．Pleased→surprised→hopeful. 15．What is the best title for the text? A．Brave Billy B．Billy’s Hero Father C．The Squirrel Family D．The Squirrel’s Policeman 【答案】11．A 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个崇拜警察父亲的男孩Billy，通过帮助被困的小松鼠，实现英雄梦的故事。这个故事告诉我们即使是孩子也能通过实际行动保护弱小。 11．细节理解题。由第二段中的“Billy often left peanuts outside the window”可知，Billy经常把花生留在窗外给松鼠们吃。故选A。 12．细节理解题。由第三段中的“The tiny squirrel was so afraid that he jumped into an opening sewer.”可知，最小的松鼠被汽车吓到，跳到了下水道里。故选A。 13．推理判断题。由第一段中的“Billy was very proud of his father and wanted to be a policeman like him.”可知，Billy非常崇拜父亲，并以父亲为榜样，渴望成为像父亲一样的警察。最后一段中的“Just like his father, he had protected someone in danger.”，进一步强调父亲是他行为的模范。因此，父亲对Billy而言是榜样。故选D。 14．细节理解题。通读全文后可知，Billy在打扫院子时听到奇怪的声音，于是寻找声音来源，体现其疑惑的心情→当发现小松鼠掉入下水道时，Billy马上行动，展现其担忧→结尾Billy救出小松鼠后，他称自己为松鼠警察，感到自豪。故选C。 15．最佳标题题。通读全文后可知，文章讲述了Billy仰慕警察父亲，怀揣成为警察的梦想，主动帮助小松鼠一家的故事。D选项与最后一段中的“Today, I was a squirrel’s policeman”对应，巧妙地将Billy与父亲的职业联系起来，同时点出他救助松鼠的行为。故选D。 B In the West, Chinese food is becoming more and more popular, especially Sichuan food. Sichuan food is well-known for two basic tastes—ma and la. Now, many Westerners fall in love with the spicy (辛辣的) dishes of Sichuan. Here are the top three of them. Ma po tofu is probably the best-known Sichuan dish in the West. It is made with tofu and beef. Many people like ma po tofu because of its special taste, ma. There is an old story about it. It is said that ma po tofu was made by an old woman who had many marks (斑点) on her face. Hot pot is also called ma la huoguo. Many Westerners think hot pot is the hottest dish. It is a social meal and everyone cooks their own food in the pot while talking. So it’s a good way to enjoy delicious food and have conversations. They also think hot pot is a sign of a brave person if a person can eat a Sichuan hot pot meal without drinking cold water. Kungpao chicken is another spicy dish. It has the other name, gong bao ji ding. It’s made with chicken and peanuts. Its name comes from Ding Baozhen, an officer of Sichuan. The dish was his favourite. One story is that he often put on poor clothes so that he could experience the real lives of common people. Once Ding Baozhen ate this dish in a small restaurant, he enjoyed it so much that he asked his cook to make the same dish. The dish got its name from this. 16．What is Sichuan food well-known for? A．Its colours. B．Its smells. C．Its tastes. D．Its stories. 17．Ma po tofu is made with ________. A．tofu and chicken B．chicken and peanuts C．beef and peanuts D．tofu and beef 18．What is the hottest dish in many Westerners’ opinion? A．Ma po tofu. B．Hot pot. C．Kungpao chicken. D．Hui guo rou. 19．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Ma po tofu is named after an old man with marks. B．Hot pot is a good way to enjoy delicious food and talk with other people. C．A person is brave when eating a hot pot meal with drinking cold water. D．Ding Baozhen was a cook in Sichuan. 20．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】16．C 17．D 18．B 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文介绍了川菜在西方日益流行的现象，重点解析了麻婆豆腐、火锅和宫保鸡丁三道经典川菜的特点及背后的故事。 16．细节理解题。根据首段“Sichuan food is well-known for two basic tastes—ma and la.”可知，川菜以“麻”和“辣”两种基本味道闻名。故选C。 17．细节理解题。根据第二段“It is made with tofu and beef. ”可知，麻婆豆腐的原料是豆腐和牛肉。故选D。 18．细节理解题。根据第三段“Many Westerners think hot pot is the hottest dish.”可知，火锅被西方人认为是最辣的菜。故选B。 19．推理判断题。根据第三段“So it’s a good way to enjoy delicious food and have conversations.”可知，火锅具有社交属性，B项表述正确。故选B。 20．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，全文采用总-分结构：首段总述川菜特点，后三段分别介绍三道菜。A选项示意图符合“总起+平行分述”结构。故选A。 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 The Lin family has a son 21 a daughter, Lin Ming and Lin Fang. Lin Ming is seven and Lin Fang is two years 22 (young) than her brother. They study in different 23 (school). One day, Mrs. Lin picked 24 Lin Ming and then they went to Lin Fang’s school together. Some boys and girls 25 (play) happily on the playground. Lin Ming stood at the school gate and waited 26 his sister. Just then, the bell 27 (ring). Several minutes later, many 28 (child) walked out in a line. Lin Fang was the 29 (five) one in it. When Lin Ming saw her, he couldn’t wait 30 (run) to her. “Fang fang,” Lin Ming 31 (shout). 32 (jump) with joy, Lin Fang rushed to meet 33 (he). They hugged each other and walked to their mother hand in hand. When Mrs. Lin saw this, 34 big smile appeared on her face. Her heart was filled with 35 (happy). 【答案】 21．and 22．younger 23．schools 24．up 25．were playing 26．for 27．rang 28．children 29．fifth 30．to run 31．shouted 32．Jumping 33．him 34．a 35．happiness 【导语】本文主要讲述林明和林芳兄妹的日常故事，包括他们的年龄、上学情况，以及一次林妈妈接林明后在林芳学校发生的见面场景。 21．句意：林家有一个儿子和一个女儿，林明和林芳。根据“The Lin family has...a daughter,”可知，“a son”和“a daughter”是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。 22．句意：林明七岁，林芳比她哥哥小两岁。根据“Lin Ming is seven and...than her brother.”可知，than是比较级标志词，young的比较级是younger。故填younger。 23．句意：他们在不同的学校学习 。根据“They study in...(school).”可知，different（不同的）后接可数名词复数，school的复数是schools。故填schools。 24．句意：一天，林妈妈去接林明，然后他们一起去了林芳的学校。根据“One day, Mrs. Lin picked...Lin Fang’s school together.”可知，pick up表示“（开车）接人”，常用表达。故填up。 25．句意：一些男孩和女孩正在操场上开心地玩耍。根据“One day...happily on the playground.”可知，此处描述过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，其结构是“was/were + 现在分词”，主语是复数，be动词用were，play的现在分词是playing。故填were playing。 26．句意：林明站在学校门口等他的妹妹。根据“Lin Ming stood...his sister.”可知，wait for表示“等待”。故填for。 27．句意：就在这时，铃声响了。根据“Just then, the bell...(ring).”可知，Just then（就在这时）提示用一般过去时，ring的过去式是rang。故填rang。 28．句意：几分钟后，许多孩子排成一队走了出来。根据“Several minutes later...out in a line.”可知，many（许多）后接可数名词复数，child的复数是 children。故填children。 29．句意：林芳是队伍里的第五个。根据“Lin Fang was...one in it.”可知，此处表示顺序，用序数词，five的序数词是fifth。故填fifth。 30．句意：当林明看到她时，他迫不及待地跑向她。根据“When Lin Ming saw...(run) to her.”可知，can’t wait to do sth.表示“迫不及待做某事”。故填to run。 31．句意：“芳芳，”林明大喊。根据“‘Fang fang,’ Lin Ming...(shout).”可知，此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，shout的过去式是shouted。故填shouted。 32．句意：林芳欢呼着跑过去迎接他。根据“...(jump) with joy, Lin Fang rushed to meet...”可知，此处用现在分词作伴随状语，jump的现在分词是jumping，位于句首首字母大写。故填Jumping。 33．句意：林芳欢呼着跑过去迎接他。根据“12 (jump) with joy...rushed to meet...”可知，动词meet后接人称代词宾格，he的宾格是him。故填him。 34．句意：当林妈妈看到这个场景时，她的脸上露出了一个大大的笑容。根据“When Mrs. Lin saw this...on her face.”可知，smile是可数名词单数，此处表示“一个”，用不定冠词a。故填a。 35．句意：她的心里充满了幸福。根据“Her heart was...(happy).”可知，with后接名词，happy的名词形式是happiness。故填happiness。 四、选词填空 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 that  improvement  increase  besides  however  I  well  with  be  importance  recycle  week I work as a supervisor (督导员) at my school and have truly enjoyed this role over the past six months. Since I’m crazy about environmental protection, every day in this position brings 36 joy. As a supervisor, my responsibility is to make sure 37 our school takes action to protect the environment. There are six of us in the team. We meet every two 38 to bring different ideas. During these meetings, we talk about ways to encourage students to 39 daily behaviors and become more environmentally friendly. Last month, we noticed the serious littering problem around the school. We made some eye-catching signs 40 short, fun messages like “Trash in Bin, All Wins!” and put them up all over the school. 41 , we gave a report about the problem in a school meeting. The results 42 great. Now, the floors are perfectly clean. We also work on 43 . We knew some students might not understand how 44 it is to sort (分类) waste. So, we placed different bins for glass, paper and plastic in every classroom. We made the bins look nice and even had a small game to see which class could do the 45 in a week. Now students are doing a great job, and our school is becoming a cleaner and healthier place to study and grow. 【答案】 36．me 37．that 38．weeks 39．improve 40．with 41．Besides 42．were 43．recycling 44．important 45．best 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者作为学校的一名督导员，主要描述了其在学校负责环保工作期间，通过团队合作，采取多种措施解决校园垃圾问题以及推进垃圾分类工作，从而使学校环境变得更加清洁和健康。 36．句意：由于我对环境保护充满热情，每天在这个岗位上都给我带来快乐。根据“Since I’m crazy about environmental protection, every day in this position brings...joy.”可知，此处是指这个岗位给“我”带来快乐，动词后接人称代词宾格me。故填me。 37．句意：作为一名督导员，我的责任是确保我们学校采取行动保护环境。根据“my responsibility is to make sure...our school takes action to protect the environment.”可知，此处是make sure后接宾语从句，从句不缺成分，用that引导。故填that。 38．句意：我们每两周见面一次，带来不同的想法。根据“We meet every two...to bring different ideas.”可知，此处是指每两周见面一次，week“周”，two后接复数形式。故填weeks。 39．句意：在这些会议上，我们讨论如何鼓励学生改善日常行为，变得更加环保。根据“During these meetings, we talk about ways to encourage students to...daily behaviors and become more environmentally friendly.”可知，此处是指改善日常行为，improve“改善”，encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人做某事”。故填improve。 40．句意：我们制作了一些引人注目的标语，上面写着简短有趣的标语，比如“垃圾入箱，人人有责！”，并把它们张贴在学校各处。根据“We made some eye-catching signs...short, fun messages”可知，此处是指标语上写着标语，用介词with表示“带有”。故填with。 41．句意：此外，我们在学校会议上就这个问题作了报告。根据“we gave a report about the problem in a school meeting.”可知，此处是进一步说明采取的措施，besides“此外”，句首字母大写。故填Besides。 42．句意：结果很好。根据“The results...great.”可知，此处是主系表结构，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were。 43．句意：我们还致力于回收利用。根据“So, we placed different bins for glass, paper and plastic in every classroom.”可知，此处是指致力于回收利用，recycle“回收利用”，on是介词，后接动名词。故填recycling。 44．句意：我们知道一些学生可能不明白垃圾分类有多重要。根据“we knew some students might not understand how...it is to sort (分类) waste.”可知，此处是指不明白垃圾分类有多重要，important“重要的”，how后接形容词。故填important。 45．句意：我们把垃圾桶做得很好看，甚至还玩了一个小游戏，看看哪个班在一周内做得最好。根据“We made the bins look nice and even had a small game to see which class could do the...in a week.”可知，此处是指看看哪个班在一周内做得最好，do the best“做得最好”。故填best。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$