第02讲 Unit 1（知识全梳理&考点精准练）-【暑假自学课】2025年新七年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（外研版2024）

第02讲 Unit 1（知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 一、单词、短语梳理 重点单词 without prep.缺乏,没有 task n.工作，任务 sentence n.句子 project n．（学校的）课题，研究项目 mistake n.错误 advice n.意见，建议； polite adj. 有礼貌的 journey n. 旅行 mind n. 头脑 something pron.某物，某事 hers pron.她的 thought n．意见，主意，观点 dry adj.干的，干燥的 life n.生活 meaning n.意义，意思，含义 primary school小学 fact n.事实；真相 pool n.水塘，水洼 in fact事实上 protect v.保护；防护 need v.需要 wind n.风 remember v.记住,记得 wide adj.宽的，宽阔的 really adv.确实地，的确 sail v.驾驶（船只） important adj.重要的，重大的 through prep.从一端至另一端，穿过，通过 plan v.计划 storm n.暴风雨（雪） problem n.问题，难题； towards prep.向着. 朝着（某个方向） homework n.家庭作业. hope v. 希望 重点短语 write down 写下；记下 point out 指出 look up at 抬头看······ think about 考虑；思考 the meaning of ······的意思 put up 举起；抬起；张贴 in fact 事实上 make mistakes 犯错误 such as/For example比如 make good use of 充分利用····· day by day 一天天地；渐渐地 share sth with sb 和某人分享某物 protect...from...保护······免受······ by oneself 独自地，单独地 try one’s best尽某人最大努力 work hard 努力学习/工作 go through 经历，通过 2、 核心考点精讲 考点1 New students give flowers to their teachers．(教材p.15)新生给老师送花。 give sth.to sb.给某人某物 相当于give sb sth 例：She gave a watch to me.=She gave me a watch. 她给了我一块手表 考点2 Students get timetables and start their lessons. (教材p.15)学生得到时间表并开始上课。 start〔动词〕开始start后可跟动词不定式，也可跟v.-ing形式。 例：Let's start to sweep the room!咱们开始打扫房间吧！ We start playing football at 4 in the after-noon．我们在下午4点钟开始踢足球。 考点3 What is junior high school life like？(教材p.15)初中生活是什么样子的？ What’s sth like某物是什么样子的？用于询问某物的特点、性质等。like此处用作介词，意为“像；······怎么样”。what is sb like? 常用来询问某人的性格特征。 例：-What's your father like?你爸爸是一个怎样的人？ -He’s very friendly.他很友好。 例：-What's your house like?你们的房子什么样？ -It’s very big.它非常大。 考点4 I write down the first word and stop. (教材p.17)我写下了第一个单词，停了下来。 write down 写下；记下“动词＋副词”结构，人称代词作其宾语时，应放在write与down中间。 例：The little girl liked the story so much that she wrote it down.这个小女孩非常喜欢这个故事以至于她把它写了下来。 考点4 But is it OK to point out the mistake？(教材p.17) 但是指出这个错误合适吗？ point out 指出；指明, “动词＋副词”结构，其后接名词、代词或that从句作宾语，人称代词作其宾语时，应放在副词out的前面。 例：I can point out the sights of Beijing for you. 我可以为你们指出北京的景点。 Point it out！把它指出来！ mistake〔可数名词〕错误make a mistake／make mistakes 犯错误 考点5 I look up at Ms Chen. (教材p.17)我抬头看着陈老师。 look up at 抬头看····· ·例：Look up at the beautiful stars. 抬头看这些美丽的星星。 考点6 But then I think about the meaning of the sentence.但接着我考虑了这个句子的意思。 think about 考虑；思考, about是介词，其后可跟名词、代词、v.-ing形式或从句作宾语。 ·例：I'm thinking about finding a new job.我正在考虑找一份新工作。 the meaning of ······的意思, What＇s the meaning of...？“......是什么意思 考点7 I put up my hand．(教材p.17)我举起了手。 put up 举起；抬起；张贴 例：Put up the photo.=Put the photo up.张贴这张照片。 Put it up.把它挂起来。(代词需放中间) 考点8 In fact, this is my first lesson for all of you. (教材p.17)事实上，这是我给你们所有人上的第一节课。 in fact 事实上 用于补充说明，也可表示实情相反或差异较大。 考点9 Please always remember this. (教材p.17)请永远记住这一点。 remember〔动词〕记住，记得（反义词：forget) remember to do sth.记得要去做某事（事情还未做） 例：Please remember to water the flowers.请记得浇花。 remember doing sth.记得做过某事（事情已经做过） 例：I remember locking the door as I left the house.我记得离开家时锁了门。 考点10 His clever words make me feel better. (教材p.19)他机智的话语使得我感觉好多了 make sb.do sth. 使某人做某事 make在此处用作使役动词，后接省略to的动词不定式（短语）作宾语补足语。 考点11 Students’ unions help hold all kinds of activities, such as cultural festivals and sports meets. (教材p.21)学生会帮助举办各种各样的活动，比如文化节和运动会。 such as 比如， 用于列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，位于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，as后不用逗号。 例：I like fruits, such as apples and oranges. 我喜欢水果，比如苹果和橙子。 考点12 How can they make good use of their ？(教材p.22)他们怎样才能充分利用他们的 呢？ make good use of 充分利用······指充分利用某物或某种机会，使其发挥最大的作用。 例：We have to make good use of dictionaries. 我们要用好词典。 考点13 Then on them day by day. (教材p.22)那么一天天地 它们。 day by day 一天天地；渐渐地 考点14 It takes one month to finish a book report. (教材p.23)完成一份读书报告要花费一个月的时间。 It takes（sb．）some time to do sth． 花费繇（某人）一些时间做某事. 该句型中it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式（短语）。 考点15 We want to share some thoughts with you．我们想和你分享一些想法。（教材p.24） share〔动词〕分享；共用share...with sb.与某人分享／共用······ 例：Mary and I share a room. 我和玛丽合住一个房间。 考点16 Dad and Mum can protect it from winds. (教材p.23)爸爸和妈妈可以保护着你的小船。使其免受风吹。 protect〔动词〕保护；防护，后常接名词或代词作宾语。 protect...from／against...保护······免受······ 例：We need to do something to protect the animals in danger. 我们需要做点儿什么来保护濒危动物。 考点17 But sometimes you have to sail your boat by yourself.但有时候你必须独自驾驶你的小船。（教材p.23） have to 必须，不得不，后跟动词原形。 例：I have to stay at home to look after my younger sister.我不得不待在家里照看我妹妹。 by oneself 独自地，单独地 相当于alone，oneself在句中通常要变为相应的反身代词。 考点18 Just try your best and work hard. （教材p.25）尽你最大的努力，用功学习。 try your best尽你最大努力 try one’s best（to do sth.） 尽某人最大努力（做某事） 例：We will try/do our best to help you.我们将尽最大努力来帮你。 work hard 努力学习 例：We work hard at school. 我们在学校努力学习。 单元语法：人称代词和物主代词 一、人称代词： 英语中用来表示“你、我、她”这样含义的词叫人称代词。人称代词可以分为主格和宾格， 主格 放句首，作主语 I am a student. 我是个学生。 宾格 放在动词后，作宾语或表语 My mother likes me. 我的妈妈喜欢我。 放介词后，作宾语 The boy is standing in front of us.这个男生站在我前面。 人称代词主格和宾格的进一步区分： 汉语中的人称代词没有主格、宾格的区别，例如“我帮助你”跟“你帮助我”中的“我”和“你”都是同一个字；然而在英语中，它们由于扮演语法成分的不同，使用的是不同的词。 例如： I help you. 我帮助你。You help me. 你帮助我。 这两句里“我”分别担任主语和宾语，但担任主语时是“I”，担任宾语时是“me”。 两句中的“you”虽然形式相同，但实际担任的成分是不同的，只不过因为“you”的主格和宾格“长得一样”罢了。因此代词的主格、宾格内容是英语初学者容易犯错误的地方。需要同学们加以注意。 以下是各人称代词的主格和宾格： 单复数 单　　数 复　　数 人称 I II III I II III 主　　格 I you he，she，it we you they 宾　　格 me you him，her，it us you them 多个人称代词作主语时的顺序： 2、 物主代词 1. 定义和分类。 汉语中“你的、她的、我的……”这样含义的词在英文中翻译为“your, her, my…”;这些表示所属关系的代词称为物主代词。物主代词可以分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 具体用法。 1）形容词性物主代词翻译为“……的”，它的用法相当于形容词，后面可以接名词，不可以单独使用。 例如：my book 我的书 her bike 她的自行车 2）在形容词性物主代词和名词之间还可以加入其他的形容词做修饰语。 例如：This is her yellow bike. 这是她的黄色自行车。 That is his blue shirt. 那是他的蓝色衬衫。 3）名词性物主代词既有代词的性质也有名词的性质，后面不可以接名词。 形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词。 例如：This is my book= This is mine. 这是我的书。= 这是我的（书）。 That is your bike= That is yours. 那是你的自行车。= 那是你的（自行车）。 以下是物主代词的列表 ( 人 称 类 别 数 )： 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 形容词性物主代词 my your his her its 名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its 复数 形容词性物主代词 our your their 名词性物主代词 ours yours theirs 教材p19 一、单项选择 1．—________? —He is kind and helpful. A．What is he B．What’s he like C．What does he like D．What does he look like 2．—Look at the wallet. Whose is it? —It may be Maria’s. ________ wallet is the same as this one. A．She B．Her C．Hers D．Herself 3．The mother makes her son ________ his bedroom every day. A．clean B．cleans C．cleaning D．to clean 4．—Do you usually ________the bus to school from Monday to Friday? —Yes. It ________me about 20 minutes. A．take; spends B．take; takes C．by; costs D．by; takes 5．—Miss Mao teaches ________ English this term. —You’re lucky. ________ is a very good teacher. A．our; She B．us; He C．us; She D．ours; He 6．—I can’t see my ruler. What about ________? I want to use it. —It’s on Jenny’s desk. You can ask ________ for it. A．you; her B．yours; she C．yours; her D．you; she 7．My Dad’s birthday is coming. I want to buy a gift ________ him. Can you give some money ________ me? A．to; to B．to; for C．for; to D．for; for 8．No one helped me. I did it all ________ myself. A．for B．of C．by D．about 9．We students should try our best ________ all the subjects well. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learns 10．—Peter, is this ______ notebook? —No, it isn’t. ______ is in my schoolbag. A．your; My B．yours; My C．your; Mine D．yours; Mine 11．—Can you give me some ________ on learning English well? —Sure. Watching English films is a good way. A．events B．advice C．tasks D．sentences 12．—Some people think that playing computer games can help them relax (放松). —I don’t think so. ________, it’s really bad for their eyes. A．In fact B．First of all C．At last D．In need 13．Can you see the words on the blackboard? Please ________ in your notebook. A．write it down B．write down it C．write them down D．write down them 14．—Remember ________ your grandpa more when I am away from home. —OK. I will. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helps 15．It’s wrong ________ other students’ homework. You should do it by yourself. A．copy B．to copy C．copying D．to copying 16．______ is Gina. She is______ good friend. A．She; my B．Her; my C．She; I D．Her; I 17．The dress is great for Lily. It makes ________ pretty. A．her look B．her to look C．she look D．she to look 18．Daniel is my friend. I like to share my joy ________ him when I am happy. A．to B．with C．on D．for 19．—Do ________ know that girl? —Yes, I know ________. And ________ name is Joy. A．you; her; her B．you; she; her C．she; she; she D．she; her; her 20．This letter isn’t for ________. It’s for ________. A．me; your B．me; you C．I; you D．I; me 21．Miss Guo ________ my mistakes and asks me to correct them at once. A．deals with B．points out C．puts away D．waits for 22．There are many monkeys around _________. The monkeys are looking at _________ bananas. A．they; our B．they; them C．them; their D．they; they 23．Don’t worry. ________ are part of our life and we just need to learn from them and do better next time. A．Subjects B．Mistakes C．Plans D．Activities 24．—Hey, Tom! It’s not ________ to shout (喊叫) in the library. —Sorry, Mrs. King. I won’t do that again. A．lucky B．careful C．polite D．difficult 25．Li Daming never says that he is good at cooking, but _________ he is. A．day by day B．in fact C．of course D．such as 知识导图记忆 一、单词拼写 1．I finished the (项目) in a short time with his help. 2．Jack’s parents (希望) that he can look after his sister this evening. 3．You should be (礼貌的) to your teachers. 4．What bad weather! The (风) is so strong that we can’t go for a walk. 5．— What’s the weather like in the north of China? — It’s cold and (干燥的). 6．My English teacher often gives me some (建议) on how to learn English well. 7．There is a (宽的) river between the two villages. 8．A lot of (错误) in my paper make the teacher angry. 9．It’s useful for children to learn more about team work chores. (通过，凭借) 10．When I was in school (小学), I fell in love with reading. 11．If you don’t know the (mean) of the word, you can look it up in the dictionary. 12．— How do you like these strawberries? — They are nice. I (real) like them. 13．She isn’t the owner of the baseball bats because (she) are in the locker now. 14．We should try (protect) the environment and reduce pollution. 15．This is my (think). What about you, Mike? Please tell me your ideas. 16．Maths is much (important) than PE. 17．It’s important for us (protect) the environment. 18．Sometimes, we meet (problem). 19．Keep love in your heart. A life (with) it is like a sunless garden. 20．The teacher looked at me and smiled without (say) a word. 21．There we bought two kites and started flying (they). 22．His mom now gives (he) ideas. 23． (them) shouted and scared the bear outside. 24．Jim’s teachers encourage (he) to try new things. 25．Your shoes are bigger than (I). 26．The desk is (our). (our) desk is clean. 27．Our yard is big and clean. (they) is small but beautiful. 28．Then she put (he) cane against the table so that he could reach it. 29．There the students could prepare food and share meals with (they) teachers. 30．The dragon, although it had the ability to fly, didn’t come first because it stopped to make rain for farmers on (it) way. 二、完成句子 31．她无法指出作业中的两处错误。 She can’t two in her homework. 32．父母应教会孩子充分利用互联网帮助学习。 Parents should teach the teenagers to the Internet to help with learning. 33．你知道怎样在空闲时间玩得开心吗？ Do you know how to in your free time? 34．我们应该尽全力帮助他们完成项目。 We should help them finish the project. 35．完成这项任务花了我两个小时。 It me two . 36．请把那件蓝色的连衣裙给我。 Please the blue dress . 37．让他考虑一下派对上要吃的食物吧。 Let him the food for the party. 38．他经常抬头看蓝天。 He often the blue sky. 39．我喜欢许多颜色，例如白色、红色和橙色。 I like many colours, white, red and orange. 40．树木可以保护土壤不被吹走。 Trees can the soil being blown away. 三、语法选择 I am Mr. Li. In my math class today, I walked to the blackboard and wrote down a formula (公式): “a² + b² = c²”. After 41 it down, I turned around and said to the class, “Now, everyone, please write this formula down in your 42 and start thinking about when we can use it.” Then I started 43 around the classroom to check on the students. There 44 42 students. Most of 45 were busily writing, but I saw a girl—Lily. 46 girl was sitting there thinking, and didn’t write. It was a bit unusual. Suddenly, Lily put up her hand. I nodded and she stood up and said, “Mr. Li, I think we should also 47 out that we can only use this formula when we meet right-angled triangles (直角三角形). If we don’t know this, some students might wrongly use it in other triangles.” I 48 at her and said, “Well done, Lily! You are right! In fact, you are now in junior high school, and math knowledge will be more complex (更复杂). 49 think carefully in your study! Today’s lesson is 50 you all.” All the students nodded their head and I was happy to see them thinking carefully in class. 41．A．writing B．write C．wrote 42．A．notebook B．notebooks C．notebooks’ 43．A．walk B．walks C．to walk 44．A．be B．were C．was 45．A．their B．they C．them 46．A．A B．An C．The 47．A．pointed B．point C．to point 48．A．smiling B．smiles C．smiled 49．A．Never B．Sometimes C．Always 50．A．for B．in C．on 四、完形填空 Most students have 10-minute breaks between classes. They can do some 51 , talk with each other and relax during the time. However, to keep their students safe, some schools don’t let them 52 the classroom during breaks —unless they need to go to the toilet (卫生间). “They cannot go outside to play and relax,” a parent says in an interview (采访). To give students a 53 rest, primary and middle schools in Beijing began to add five more minutes to break time 54 classes from the autumn term in 2024. According to the new rule, each school should have a 30-minute 55 break in the morning and another in the afternoon. Students should have at 56 90 minutes of break time each day in primary schools and at least 105 minutes in middle schools. With the new rule, students will have more time to relax, rest, and play outside. This can help them keep 57 and avoid myopia (避免近视). To help students use their break time 58 , many schools in Beijing are working hard. For example, Dianchanglu Primary School sets a climbing wall for its students. Qianjiadian Central Primary School 59 a “Happy Farm” for students to do some farm work. Huashi Primary School holds an art show in the hallway. Students can enjoy great 60 during the break. What do you think of these activities? Do you have more great ideas for break time? 51．A．shopping B．cooking C．exercise D．housework 52．A．choose B．leave C．enjoy D．clean 53．A．real B．serious C．lucky D．difficult 54．A．below B．between C．behind D．before 55．A．heavy B．little C．common D．big 56．A．once B．least C．last D．first 57．A．warm B．busy C．quiet D．healthy 58．A．faster B．harder C．better D．friendlier 59．A．builds B．reaches C．picks D．wins 60．A．animals B．messages C．lessons D．paintings 五、阅读理解 A In different parts of the world, students spend their school day in different ways. In Japan Yuki starts her school day at 8:30 a.m. and finishes at 3:30 p.m. She has six classes a day. She can enjoy a 45-minute lunch break and eat in her classroom. In Brazil (巴西) Pedro’s school day begins at 7:00 a.m. and school is over at 12 o’clock. He has four classes a day. His school is different from Yuki. He only has a 15-minute break for a quick lunch. His school gives the lunch to him for free (免费). In Canada Emily’s day starts at 9:00 a.m. and can go home at 3:00 p.m. Her school gives a one-hour lunch break in the dining hall. Students often play outside if the weather is nice. 61．Where do students eat their lunch in Yuki’s school? A．In the dining hall. B．On the playground. C．Outside the school. D．In their classrooms. 62．How long is Pedro’s school day in Brazil? A．3 hours. B．5 hours. C．6 hours. D．7 hours. 63．What time does Emily’s school day finish? A．At 12:00 p.m. B．At 3:00 p.m. C．At 3:30 p.m. D．At 4:00 p.m. 64．Who has the longest lunch break? A．Yuki. B．Pedro. C．Emily. D．All have the same. 65．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To share some information about different school days. B．To talk about different schools around the world. C．To tell us three students’ hobbies from three countries. D．To show different subjects and teachers at school. B This is a class at Tammela school, a school in Finland (芬兰). The students are having a maths class with their robot teacher. The “teacher” is blue. His name is Albert. When students need help with maths, he’s always there to help them. “Albert can make maths classes interesting. Many students like Albert, and they think he is a great teacher,” says Mr Black, a science teacher in the school. “We use technology (科技) to help our students learn well. ▲ . The first one is Albert, a maths teacher. He is really great. The second one is a language teacher. We call her Alice. She can speak 23 languages and dance to music. The third one is a PE teacher named Nao. He’s from Japan. He’s good at playing football, and he can dance, too. And the last one is Lucy from France. She’s an art teacher. She can draw well,” says the headmaster (校长) of the school. “The robot teachers are great, but it doesn’t mean that real teachers will lose their jobs,” the headmaster says again. “The robots can teach well, but they can’t keep the class in order (维持课堂秩序). Our school still needs real teachers.” 66．What subject does Albert teach? A．Science. B．English. C．Chinese. D．Maths. 67．What can Nao do? ①Speak many languages.    ②Dance.    ③Play football.    ④Draw. A．①② B．②③ C．②④ D．③④ 68．Which sentence can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4? A．But some students don’t like robot teachers B．But robot teachers can’t teach some subjects C．Now our school still needs more robot teachers D．Now there are four robot teachers in our school 69．What can we infer (推断) from the headmaster’s words? A．There will be no real teachers in the near future. B．Real teachers don’t teach students as well as robot teachers. C．Robot teachers are good but they’re different from real teachers. D．Robot teachers can teach everything and do everything at school. 70．What can be the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Robot Teachers at School B．The Two Sides (方面) of Technology C．Who Is the Students’ Favourite Teacher? D．Robot Teachers Are Better Than Real Teachers 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第02讲 Unit 1（知识全梳理&考点精准练） 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 一、单词、短语梳理 重点单词 without prep.缺乏,没有 task n.工作，任务 sentence n.句子 project n．（学校的）课题，研究项目 mistake n.错误 advice n.意见，建议； polite adj. 有礼貌的 journey n. 旅行 mind n. 头脑 something pron.某物，某事 hers pron.她的 thought n．意见，主意，观点 dry adj.干的，干燥的 life n.生活 meaning n.意义，意思，含义 primary school小学 fact n.事实；真相 pool n.水塘，水洼 in fact事实上 protect v.保护；防护 need v.需要 wind n.风 remember v.记住,记得 wide adj.宽的，宽阔的 really adv.确实地，的确 sail v.驾驶（船只） important adj.重要的，重大的 through prep.从一端至另一端，穿过，通过 plan v.计划 storm n.暴风雨（雪） problem n.问题，难题； towards prep.向着. 朝着（某个方向） homework n.家庭作业. hope v. 希望 重点短语 write down 写下；记下 point out 指出 look up at 抬头看······ think about 考虑；思考 the meaning of ······的意思 put up 举起；抬起；张贴 in fact 事实上 make mistakes 犯错误 such as/For example比如 make good use of 充分利用····· day by day 一天天地；渐渐地 share sth with sb 和某人分享某物 protect...from...保护······免受······ by oneself 独自地，单独地 try one’s best尽某人最大努力 work hard 努力学习/工作 go through 经历，通过 2、 核心考点精讲 考点1 New students give flowers to their teachers．(教材p.15)新生给老师送花。 give sth.to sb.给某人某物 相当于give sb sth 例：She gave a watch to me.=She gave me a watch. 她给了我一块手表 考点2 Students get timetables and start their lessons. (教材p.15)学生得到时间表并开始上课。 start〔动词〕开始start后可跟动词不定式，也可跟v.-ing形式。 例：Let's start to sweep the room!咱们开始打扫房间吧！ We start playing football at 4 in the after-noon．我们在下午4点钟开始踢足球。 考点3 What is junior high school life like？(教材p.15)初中生活是什么样子的？ What’s sth like某物是什么样子的？用于询问某物的特点、性质等。like此处用作介词，意为“像；······怎么样”。what is sb like? 常用来询问某人的性格特征。 例：-What's your father like?你爸爸是一个怎样的人？ -He’s very friendly.他很友好。 例：-What's your house like?你们的房子什么样？ -It’s very big.它非常大。 考点4 I write down the first word and stop. (教材p.17)我写下了第一个单词，停了下来。 write down 写下；记下“动词＋副词”结构，人称代词作其宾语时，应放在write与down中间。 例：The little girl liked the story so much that she wrote it down.这个小女孩非常喜欢这个故事以至于她把它写了下来。 考点4 But is it OK to point out the mistake？(教材p.17) 但是指出这个错误合适吗？ point out 指出；指明, “动词＋副词”结构，其后接名词、代词或that从句作宾语，人称代词作其宾语时，应放在副词out的前面。 例：I can point out the sights of Beijing for you. 我可以为你们指出北京的景点。 Point it out！把它指出来！ mistake〔可数名词〕错误make a mistake／make mistakes 犯错误 考点5 I look up at Ms Chen. (教材p.17)我抬头看着陈老师。 look up at 抬头看····· ·例：Look up at the beautiful stars. 抬头看这些美丽的星星。 考点6 But then I think about the meaning of the sentence.但接着我考虑了这个句子的意思。 think about 考虑；思考, about是介词，其后可跟名词、代词、v.-ing形式或从句作宾语。 ·例：I'm thinking about finding a new job.我正在考虑找一份新工作。 the meaning of ······的意思, What＇s the meaning of...？“......是什么意思 考点7 I put up my hand．(教材p.17)我举起了手。 put up 举起；抬起；张贴 例：Put up the photo.=Put the photo up.张贴这张照片。 Put it up.把它挂起来。(代词需放中间) 考点8 In fact, this is my first lesson for all of you. (教材p.17)事实上，这是我给你们所有人上的第一节课。 in fact 事实上 用于补充说明，也可表示实情相反或差异较大。 考点9 Please always remember this. (教材p.17)请永远记住这一点。 remember〔动词〕记住，记得（反义词：forget) remember to do sth.记得要去做某事（事情还未做） 例：Please remember to water the flowers.请记得浇花。 remember doing sth.记得做过某事（事情已经做过） 例：I remember locking the door as I left the house.我记得离开家时锁了门。 考点10 His clever words make me feel better. (教材p.19)他机智的话语使得我感觉好多了 make sb.do sth. 使某人做某事 make在此处用作使役动词，后接省略to的动词不定式（短语）作宾语补足语。 考点11 Students’ unions help hold all kinds of activities, such as cultural festivals and sports meets. (教材p.21)学生会帮助举办各种各样的活动，比如文化节和运动会。 such as 比如， 用于列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，位于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，as后不用逗号。 例：I like fruits, such as apples and oranges. 我喜欢水果，比如苹果和橙子。 考点12 How can they make good use of their ？(教材p.22)他们怎样才能充分利用他们的 呢？ make good use of 充分利用······指充分利用某物或某种机会，使其发挥最大的作用。 例：We have to make good use of dictionaries. 我们要用好词典。 考点13 Then on them day by day. (教材p.22)那么一天天地 它们。 day by day 一天天地；渐渐地 考点14 It takes one month to finish a book report. (教材p.23)完成一份读书报告要花费一个月的时间。 It takes（sb．）some time to do sth． 花费繇（某人）一些时间做某事. 该句型中it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式（短语）。 考点15 We want to share some thoughts with you．我们想和你分享一些想法。（教材p.24） share〔动词〕分享；共用share...with sb.与某人分享／共用······ 例：Mary and I share a room. 我和玛丽合住一个房间。 考点16 Dad and Mum can protect it from winds. (教材p.23)爸爸和妈妈可以保护着你的小船。使其免受风吹。 protect〔动词〕保护；防护，后常接名词或代词作宾语。 protect...from／against...保护······免受······ 例：We need to do something to protect the animals in danger. 我们需要做点儿什么来保护濒危动物。 考点17 But sometimes you have to sail your boat by yourself.但有时候你必须独自驾驶你的小船。（教材p.23） have to 必须，不得不，后跟动词原形。 例：I have to stay at home to look after my younger sister.我不得不待在家里照看我妹妹。 by oneself 独自地，单独地 相当于alone，oneself在句中通常要变为相应的反身代词。 考点18 Just try your best and work hard. （教材p.25）尽你最大的努力，用功学习。 try your best尽你最大努力 try one’s best（to do sth.） 尽某人最大努力（做某事） 例：We will try/do our best to help you.我们将尽最大努力来帮你。 work hard 努力学习 例：We work hard at school. 我们在学校努力学习。 单元语法：人称代词和物主代词 一、人称代词： 英语中用来表示“你、我、她”这样含义的词叫人称代词。人称代词可以分为主格和宾格， 主格 放句首，作主语 I am a student. 我是个学生。 宾格 放在动词后，作宾语或表语 My mother likes me. 我的妈妈喜欢我。 放介词后，作宾语 The boy is standing in front of us.这个男生站在我前面。 人称代词主格和宾格的进一步区分： 汉语中的人称代词没有主格、宾格的区别，例如“我帮助你”跟“你帮助我”中的“我”和“你”都是同一个字；然而在英语中，它们由于扮演语法成分的不同，使用的是不同的词。 例如： I help you. 我帮助你。You help me. 你帮助我。 这两句里“我”分别担任主语和宾语，但担任主语时是“I”，担任宾语时是“me”。 两句中的“you”虽然形式相同，但实际担任的成分是不同的，只不过因为“you”的主格和宾格“长得一样”罢了。因此代词的主格、宾格内容是英语初学者容易犯错误的地方。需要同学们加以注意。 以下是各人称代词的主格和宾格： 单复数 单　　数 复　　数 人称 I II III I II III 主　　格 I you he，she，it we you they 宾　　格 me you him，her，it us you them 多个人称代词作主语时的顺序： 2、 物主代词 1. 定义和分类。 汉语中“你的、她的、我的……”这样含义的词在英文中翻译为“your, her, my…”;这些表示所属关系的代词称为物主代词。物主代词可以分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 具体用法。 1）形容词性物主代词翻译为“……的”，它的用法相当于形容词，后面可以接名词，不可以单独使用。 例如：my book 我的书 her bike 她的自行车 2）在形容词性物主代词和名词之间还可以加入其他的形容词做修饰语。 例如：This is her yellow bike. 这是她的黄色自行车。 That is his blue shirt. 那是他的蓝色衬衫。 3）名词性物主代词既有代词的性质也有名词的性质，后面不可以接名词。 形容词性物主代词+名词=名词性物主代词。 例如：This is my book= This is mine. 这是我的书。= 这是我的（书）。 That is your bike= That is yours. 那是你的自行车。= 那是你的（自行车）。 以下是物主代词的列表 ( 人 称 类 别 数 )： 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 形容词性物主代词 my your his her its 名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its 复数 形容词性物主代词 our your their 名词性物主代词 ours yours theirs 教材p19 解析： 1、答案：my, 句意：王小姐是我的语文老师。修饰名词用形容词性物主代词。 2、 答案：our, 句意：我们的下一节英语课在什么时候？修饰名词用形容词性物主代词。 3、答案：mine, 方维是我初中的其中一个新朋友。a friend of mine是双重所有格结构。 4. 答案：them, 句意：杰克的老师叫他们早点到校。动词后用宾格。 一、单项选择 1．—________? —He is kind and helpful. A．What is he B．What’s he like C．What does he like D．What does he look like 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——他是什么样的人？——他很友善，乐于助人。 考查情景交际用语。What is he他是做什么工作的；What’s he like他是什么样的人；What does he like他喜欢什么；What does he look like他长什么样子。根据“He is kind and helpful.”可知，此处是问他是什么样的人，故选B。 2．—Look at the wallet. Whose is it? —It may be Maria’s. ________ wallet is the same as this one. A．She B．Her C．Hers D．Herself 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——看这个钱包。它是谁的？——可能是Maria的。她的钱包和这个一样。 考查代词辨析。She她，人称代词；Her她的，形容词性物主代词；Hers她的，名词性物主代词；Herself她自己，反身代词。根据“...wallet”可知，此处需填写形容词性物主代词作定语。故选B。 3．The mother makes her son ________ his bedroom every day. A．clean B．cleans C．cleaning D．to clean 【答案】A 【详解】句意：妈妈每天让她的儿子打扫他的卧室。 考查非谓语。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，是固定用法，空处应填不带to的不定式作宾补。故选A。 4．—Do you usually ________the bus to school from Monday to Friday? —Yes. It ________me about 20 minutes. A．take; spends B．take; takes C．by; costs D．by; takes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你通常从周一到周五乘公共汽车去上学吗？——是的，这花费我大约20分钟。 考查动词的用法。“take+交通工具”表示“乘坐……”。spend花费，主语是人；sth. cost (s) some money 某物花费多少钱；it takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时间。by+交通工具，表示“乘坐……”，是介词短语。第一空根据“the bus”，可知表示“乘坐”填写take。第二空表示“花费”，it指代“乘公交车去上学”，所以填写takes“花费”，故选B。 5．—Miss Mao teaches ________ English this term. —You’re lucky. ________ is a very good teacher. A．our; She B．us; He C．us; She D．ours; He 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——毛老师这学期教我们英语。——你很幸运。她是一位非常好的老师。 考查代词。our我们的（形容词性物主代词）；our我们的（名词性物主代词）sus我们（宾格）；She她；He他。“teaches”后接宾格，故第一空填“us”；根据“Miss Mao”可知，毛老师是女性，故第二空填“She”。故选C。 6．—I can’t see my ruler. What about ________? I want to use it. —It’s on Jenny’s desk. You can ask ________ for it. A．you; her B．yours; she C．yours; her D．you; she 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我看不到我的尺子了。你的呢？我想要使用它。——在珍妮的桌子上。你可以向她要。 考查代词辨析。you你、你们，人称代词主格/宾格； yours你的、你们的，名词性物主代词； she她，人称代词主格；her她，人称代词宾格。根据“I can’t see my ruler. What about …? I want to use it.”可知，此处指我的尺子找不到了，我想用你的尺子，询问对方你的尺子呢，应用名词性物主代词yours代替your ruler，故排除A、D项。再根据“You can ask... for it. ”可知，此处指向珍妮要，应用宾格her作宾语。故选 C。 7．My Dad’s birthday is coming. I want to buy a gift ________ him. Can you give some money ________ me? A．to; to B．to; for C．for; to D．for; for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我爸爸的生日快到了。我想给他买个礼物。你能给我一些钱吗？ 考查介词。to向；for为了。buy sth for sb“给某人买某物”；give sth to sb“给某人某物”。故选C。 8．No one helped me. I did it all ________ myself. A．for B．of C．by D．about 【答案】C 【详解】句意：没有人帮我。这一切都是我一个人做的。 考查介词辨析。for为了；of……的；by通过；about关于。根据“No one helped me”可知，此处指“我”独自做的，by oneself“某人自己，独自”。故选C。 9．We students should try our best ________ all the subjects well. A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learns 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们学生应该尽最大努力学好所有的科目。 考查非谓语动词的用法。根据短语try one’s best to do sth.“尽某人最大的努力做某事”可知，空处应选to learn。故选B。 10．—Peter, is this ______ notebook? —No, it isn’t. ______ is in my schoolbag. A．your; My B．yours; My C．your; Mine D．yours; Mine 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——彼得，这是你的笔记本吗？——不，它不是。我的（笔记本）在我的书包里。 考查物主代词用法。根据“notebook”可知，第一空要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词your，表示“你的”；根据“is in my schoolbag”可知，第二空应用名词性物主代词mine，指代“我的笔记本”，在句中作主语。故选C。 11．—Can you give me some ________ on learning English well? —Sure. Watching English films is a good way. A．events B．advice C．tasks D．sentences 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能给我一些学好英语的建议吗？——当然。看英语电影是一个好方法。 考查名词辨析。events重要事情；advice建议；tasks任务；sentences句子。根据答语“Watching English films is a good way.”并结合选项可知，此处是向对方寻求建议，B项符合。故选B。 12．—Some people think that playing computer games can help them relax (放松). —I don’t think so. ________, it’s really bad for their eyes. A．In fact B．First of all C．At last D．In need 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——有些人认为玩电脑游戏可以帮助他们放松。——我不这么认为。事实上，它对他们的眼睛很不好。 考查短语辨析。In fact事实上；First of all首先；At last最后；In need在危难中。根据“Some people think that playing computer games can help them relax (放松).”和“it’s really bad for their eyes.”可知，一些人认为玩电脑游戏有助于放松自己，但事实上，这对他们的眼睛不好，in fact符合题意，用于对前文所提及的内容进行进一步说明或纠正。故选A。 13．Can you see the words on the blackboard? Please ________ in your notebook. A．write it down B．write down it C．write them down D．write down them 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能看到黑板上的单词吗？请把它们写在你的笔记本上。 考查动副短语。it它；them它们；write down写下，记下。write sth down是动词+副词短语，代词作宾语时应放在动词和副词之间。new words是复数形式，用them 替代，故选 C。 14．—Remember ________ your grandpa more when I am away from home. —OK. I will. A．help B．to help C．helping D．helps 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我不在家的时候，记得多帮助你爷爷。——好的。我会的。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Remember …your grandpa more when I am away from home.”可知是提醒对方记得做某事，考查remember to do sth“记得做某事”，因此设空处填不定式。故选B。 15．It’s wrong ________ other students’ homework. You should do it by yourself. A．copy B．to copy C．copying D．to copying 【答案】B 【详解】句意：抄袭其他学生的作业是不对的。你应该自己做。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合选项可知，此处为“It’s+adj. +to do sth.”结构，其中It为形式主语，此处用不定式形式，作真正的主语。故选B。 16．______ is Gina. She is______ good friend. A．She; my B．Her; my C．She; I D．Her; I 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她是吉娜。她是我的好朋友。 考查人称代词与物主代词。she她；her她的；my我的；I我。第一空上的词作句子主语，该用人称代词的主格；第二空上的词，和形容词good一起修饰名词friend，该用形容词性物主代词。故选A。 17．The dress is great for Lily. It makes ________ pretty. A．her look B．her to look C．she look D．she to look 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这条裙子很适合莉莉。这使她看起来很漂亮。 考查代词辨析和非谓语动词。her她，代词宾格； she她，主格。动词makes后跟代词宾格，可排除CD选项；make sb do sth“使某人做某事”。故选A。 18．Daniel is my friend. I like to share my joy ________ him when I am happy. A．to B．with C．on D．for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：丹尼尔是我的朋友。当我高兴的时候，我喜欢和他分享我的喜悦。 考查介词。to到；with和；on在……上面；for为了。share sth. with sb.“和某人分享某事”，故选B。 19．—Do ________ know that girl? —Yes, I know ________. And ________ name is Joy. A．you; her; her B．you; she; her C．she; she; she D．she; her; her 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你认识那个女孩吗？——是的，我认识她。她的名字叫Joy。 考查代词辨析。you你；her她，宾格；她的，形容词性物主代词；she她，主格。根据“Yes, I know”可知，第一空是问“你认识……吗”，主语用you；根据“Do... know that girl?”可知，第二空指代“that girl”，且在句中作宾语，所以用her；第三空修饰名词name，所以用形容词性物主代词her，故选A。 20．This letter isn’t for ________. It’s for ________. A．me; your B．me; you C．I; you D．I; me 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这封信不是给我的。是给你的。 考查代词。me我，宾格；your你的，物主代词；you你；I我，主格。两空均作介词的宾语，应用宾格，故选B。 21．Miss Guo ________ my mistakes and asks me to correct them at once. A．deals with B．points out C．puts away D．waits for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：郭老师指出了我的错误，并要求我立即改正。 考查动词短语辨析。deal with处理；point out指出；put away收起来，放好；wait for等待。根据“and asks me to correct them at once.”可知，此处是郭老师指出了我的错误，让立即改正。故选B。 22．There are many monkeys around _________. The monkeys are looking at _________ bananas. A．they; our B．they; them C．them; their D．they; they 【答案】C 【详解】句意：有许多猴子在他们周围。这些猴子正看着他们的香蕉。 考查人称代词和形容词性物主代词。介词around后面接代词的宾格them，形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词bananas。故选C。 23．Don’t worry. ________ are part of our life and we just need to learn from them and do better next time. A．Subjects B．Mistakes C．Plans D．Activities 【答案】B 【详解】句意：别担心。错误是我们生活的一部分，我们只需要从中吸取教训，下次做得更好。 考查名词辨析。Subjects学科；Mistakes错误；Plans计划；Activities活动。根据“we just need to learn from them and do better next time”可知，需要从错误中吸取教训。故选B。 24．—Hey, Tom! It’s not ________ to shout (喊叫) in the library. —Sorry, Mrs. King. I won’t do that again. A．lucky B．careful C．polite D．difficult 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——嗨，汤姆！在图书馆里大喊大叫是不礼貌的。——对不起，金夫人。我不会再那样做了。 考查形容词辨析。lucky幸运的；careful仔细的；polite有礼貌的；difficult困难的。根据“It’s not ... to shout (喊叫) in the library.”可知，在图书馆大喊大叫是不礼貌的行为。故选C。 25．Li Daming never says that he is good at cooking, but _________ he is. A．day by day B．in fact C．of course D．such as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：李大明从不说他擅长做饭，但事实上他擅长。 考查短语辨析。day by day日复一日；in fact实际上；of course当然；such as例如。根据“Li Daming never says that he is good at cooking, but”可知，此处句意转折，实际上他很擅长做饭。故选B。 知识导图记忆 一、单词拼写 1．I finished the (项目) in a short time with his help. 【答案】project 【详解】句意：在他的帮助下，我在短时间内完成了这个项目。根据中文提示，project“项目”符合题意，此处特指某个项目，用名词单数形式，故填project。 2．Jack’s parents (希望) that he can look after his sister this evening. 【答案】hope 【详解】句意：Jack的父母希望他今晚能照顾妹妹。hope“希望”，时态为一般现在时，主语是复数，此处应使用动词“hope”的原形。故填hope。 3．You should be (礼貌的) to your teachers. 【答案】polite 【详解】句意：你应该对你的老师有礼貌。根据中文提示可知，polite“礼貌的”符合句意，形容词作表语，故填polite。 4．What bad weather! The (风) is so strong that we can’t go for a walk. 【答案】wind 【详解】句意：多糟糕的天气啊！风太大了，以至于我们不能去散步。风：wind，不可数名词。故填wind。 5．— What’s the weather like in the north of China? — It’s cold and (干燥的). 【答案】dry 【详解】句意：——中国北方的天气怎么样？——又冷又干。根据中文提示可知此处考查“干燥的”的英文。dry意为“干燥的”，形容词作表语，故填dry。 6．My English teacher often gives me some (建议) on how to learn English well. 【答案】advice 【详解】句意：我的英语老师经常就如何学好英语给我一些建议。根据语境，此处需填名词“建议”的英文，advice“建议”，为不可数名词。故填advice。 7．There is a (宽的) river between the two villages. 【答案】wide 【详解】句意：在两个村庄之间有一条宽阔的河。“宽的”wide，形容词。故填wide。 8．A lot of (错误) in my paper make the teacher angry. 【答案】mistakes 【详解】句意：我论文里的许多错误使老师很生气。根据汉语提示可知，mistake“错误”，可数名词。前有“a lot of”修饰，应用名词复数mistakes。故填mistakes。 9．It’s useful for children to learn more about team work chores. (通过，凭借) 【答案】through 【详解】句意：通过做家务让孩子们更多地了解团队合作是很有用的。根据中文提示可知，through“通过”符合句意，故填through。 10．When I was in school (小学), I fell in love with reading. 【答案】primary 【详解】句意：当我在小学时，我爱上了阅读。primary school“小学”，固定词组。故填primary。 11．If you don’t know the (mean) of the word, you can look it up in the dictionary. 【答案】meaning 【详解】句意：如果你不知道这个单词的意思，你可以在字典中查阅它。根据“you can look it up in the dictionary”及“of the word”可知此处缺少名词，指单词的意思，mean意思是，动词，对应的名词为meaning“意思”，故填meaning。 12．— How do you like these strawberries? — They are nice. I (real) like them. 【答案】really 【详解】句意：——你觉得这些草莓怎么样？——它们很好吃。我真的很喜欢它们。根据“They are nice. I...like them.”可知，此处需要修饰动词like，表示“真的很喜欢”，所以应用副词形式；real“真的”，形容词，其副词形式为really。故填really。 13．She isn’t the owner of the baseball bats because (she) are in the locker now. 【答案】hers 【详解】句意：她不是这些棒球棒的主人，因为她的现在在储物柜里。根据“…are in the locker now”可知，空处指代her baseball bats，故此处应填名词性物主代词hers。故填hers。 14．We should try (protect) the environment and reduce pollution. 【答案】to protect 【详解】句意：我们应该努力保护环境并减少污染。try to do sth.“努力做某事”，固定搭配；故此处应用动词不定式，动词protect的不定式形式是to protect。故填to protect。 15．This is my (think). What about you, Mike? Please tell me your ideas. 【答案】thought 【详解】句意：这是我的想法。你呢，迈克？请告诉我你的想法。think“思考；认为”，动词；根据“This is my...”可知，此处可意为“想法”，其英文表达为thought，结合is，此处填写其单数形式与之对应。故填thought。 16．Maths is much (important) than PE. 【答案】more important 【详解】句意：数学比体育重要得多。根据句中的than可知，该处用比较级，important为多音节词，应该借助more来构成比较级。故填more important。 17．It’s important for us (protect) the environment. 【答案】to protect 【详解】句意：保护环境对我们来说很重要。根据“It’s important for us…the environment.”可知，这里考查句型“It’s+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。protect意为“保护”，是动词，故此处用其不定式的形式，故填to protect。 18．Sometimes, we meet (problem). 【答案】problems 【详解】句意：有时候，我们会遇到问题。空处表示泛指，名词应用复数形式，故填problems。 19．Keep love in your heart. A life (with) it is like a sunless garden. 【答案】without 【详解】句意：让爱留在心中。没有爱的生活就像一个没有阳光的花园。根据“Keep love in your heart.”和“like a sunless garden”可知，要让爱留在心中，如果生活没有爱，就像没有阳光的花园，空格处表示“没有”，要用with的否定形式without“没有”。故填without。 20．The teacher looked at me and smiled without (say) a word. 【答案】saying 【详解】句意：老师看着我，笑而不语。考查动名词作宾语。say意为“说”，动词；without为介词，介词之后加动词ing形式，作宾语，故填saying。 21．There we bought two kites and started flying (they). 【答案】them 【详解】句意：在那里我们买了两只风筝并开始放飞它们。根据 “There we bought two kites and started flying….”可知，flying为及物动词，后接宾语，需用宾格形式。them指代前文中的two kites，符合语境。故填them。 22．His mom now gives (he) ideas. 【答案】him 【详解】句意：他妈妈现在给他出主意。此空作“gives”的宾语，所以填宾格；he的宾格形式为him。故填him。 23． (them) shouted and scared the bear outside. 【答案】They 【详解】句意：他们大声喊叫，把外面的熊吓跑了。分析句子可知，句子缺少主语，空处应是主格they。故填They。 24．Jim’s teachers encourage (he) to try new things. 【答案】him 【详解】句意：吉姆的老师鼓励他尝试新事物。动词后面用人称宾格，him符合句意，故填him。 25．Your shoes are bigger than (I). 【答案】mine 【详解】句意：你的鞋比我的大。I“我”，人称代词主格，由句意可知横线处表示“我的鞋”，用名词性物主代词mine“我的（东西）”，故填mine。 26．The desk is (our). (our) desk is clean. 【答案】 ours Our 【详解】句意：这张桌子是我们的。我们的桌子很干净。第一空位于be动词后面，用名词性物主代词ours“我们的”，表示我们的桌子，第二空修饰名词desk，用形容词性物主代词our“我们的”，句首字母大写。故填ours；Our。 27．Our yard is big and clean. (they) is small but beautiful. 【答案】Theirs 【详解】句意：我们的院子又大又干净。他们的小而漂亮。根据“Our yard is big and clean.…(they) is small but beautiful.”可知，此处是指他们的院子，应用they的名词性物主代词theirs“他们的”作主语，位于句首首字母大写。故填Theirs。 28．Then she put (he) cane against the table so that he could reach it. 【答案】his 【详解】句意：然后她把他的拐杖靠在桌子上，这样他就能拿到它了。修饰名词“cane”，需用形容词性物主代词，“he”的形容词性物主代词是“his”。故填his。 29．There the students could prepare food and share meals with (they) teachers. 【答案】their 【详解】句意：在那里，学生们可以和他们的老师一起准备食物和分享餐点。根据“teachers”可知，使用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词，故填their。 30．The dragon, although it had the ability to fly, didn’t come first because it stopped to make rain for farmers on (it) way. 【答案】its 【详解】句意：虽然龙有飞行的能力，但它并没有排在第一位，因为它在途中停下来为农民降雨。it“它”，人称代词。此处应用其形容词性物主代词its，作定语修饰名词way。故填its。 二、完成句子 31．她无法指出作业中的两处错误。 She can’t two in her homework. 【答案】 point out mistakes 【详解】point out“指出”，是固定短语，can’t后用动词原形；mistake“错误”，是可数名词，two后用可数名词的复数形式。故填point；out；mistakes。 32．父母应教会孩子充分利用互联网帮助学习。 Parents should teach the teenagers to the Internet to help with learning. 【答案】 make good use of 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“充分利用”，固定短语make good use of意为“充分利用”，to后接动词原形构成不定式，此处用动词原形即可。故填make；good；use；of。 33．你知道怎样在空闲时间玩得开心吗？ Do you know how to in your free time? 【答案】 have/enjoy fun/yourself 【详解】根据中英文对比可知，缺“玩得开心”，have fun/enjoy oneself“玩得开心，过得愉快”，how to后接动词原形表示“怎么做某事”。故填have/enjoy；fun/youself。 34．我们应该尽全力帮助他们完成项目。 We should help them finish the project. 【答案】 try our best to 【详解】try one’s best to do sth“尽全力做某事”，we对应的形容词性物主代词是our，位于情态动词should后，作谓语，用动词原形，故填try；our；best；to。 35．完成这项任务花了我两个小时。 It me two . 【答案】 took hours to finish this task 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处应用It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多长时间”，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式，此处应用一般过去时，因此用took；hour“小时”，可数名词，two后应用名词复数形式hours；finish“完成”，此处应用不定式作主语；this task“这项任务”。故填took；hours；to；finish；this；task。 36．请把那件蓝色的连衣裙给我。 Please the blue dress . 【答案】 give to me 【详解】根据汉英对照，本句是祈使句，please后跟动词原形，“把某物给某人”对应的英文为give sth to sb.，所以第一个空格填give，第二个空格填介词to，第三个空格作为介词to的宾语，所以用人称代词宾格me。故填give；to；me。 37．让他考虑一下派对上要吃的食物吧。 Let him the food for the party. 【答案】 think about 【详解】对照中英文，设空处缺“考虑”，其英语表达为“think about”；结合“Let him”可知，考查let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，因此设空处填动词原形。故填think；about。 38．他经常抬头看蓝天。 He often the blue sky. 【答案】 looks up at 【详解】对照中英文，设空处可用look up at“抬头看”表示，根据“often”以及语境判断该句是一般现在时，描述经常性的动作，主语是“He”，动词填三单形式。故填looks；up；at。 39．我喜欢许多颜色，例如白色、红色和橙色。 I like many colours, white, red and orange. 【答案】 such as 【详解】对照中英文可知，空处意为“例如”，可用for example和such as来表达，for example作为插入语，后面有逗号，such as后接名词或名词词组，第二空后无逗号，故填such；as。 40．树木可以保护土壤不被吹走。 Trees can the soil being blown away. 【答案】 protect from 【详解】对照中英文，设空处缺“保护……免受”，其英语表达为“protect…from”，can接动词原形。故填protect；from。 三、语法选择 I am Mr. Li. In my math class today, I walked to the blackboard and wrote down a formula (公式): “a² + b² = c²”. After 41 it down, I turned around and said to the class, “Now, everyone, please write this formula down in your 42 and start thinking about when we can use it.” Then I started 43 around the classroom to check on the students. There 44 42 students. Most of 45 were busily writing, but I saw a girl—Lily. 46 girl was sitting there thinking, and didn’t write. It was a bit unusual. Suddenly, Lily put up her hand. I nodded and she stood up and said, “Mr. Li, I think we should also 47 out that we can only use this formula when we meet right-angled triangles (直角三角形). If we don’t know this, some students might wrongly use it in other triangles.” I 48 at her and said, “Well done, Lily! You are right! In fact, you are now in junior high school, and math knowledge will be more complex (更复杂). 49 think carefully in your study! Today’s lesson is 50 you all.” All the students nodded their head and I was happy to see them thinking carefully in class. 41．A．writing B．write C．wrote 42．A．notebook B．notebooks C．notebooks’ 43．A．walk B．walks C．to walk 44．A．be B．were C．was 45．A．their B．they C．them 46．A．A B．An C．The 47．A．pointed B．point C．to point 48．A．smiling B．smiles C．smiled 49．A．Never B．Sometimes C．Always 50．A．for B．in C．on 【答案】 41．A 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．C 46．C 47．B 48．C 49．C 50．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者在数学课上教了一个公式，只有Lily一人提出了这个公式只能用于直角三角形，作者因此告诫学生们学习需要时刻保持仔细态度。 41．句意：写完之后，我转过身对全班同学说。 writing动名词、现在分词；write动词原形；wrote过去式。after是介词，其后跟动名词。故选A。 42．句意：现在，请大家把这个公式写在笔记本上，并开始考虑什么时候我们可以使用它。 notebook单数名词；notebooks复数名词；notebooks’复数名词所有格。根据“everyone”可知此处应是你们的笔记本，是复数名词。故选B。 43．句意：然后我开始在教室里走来走去，检查学生们的情况。 walk动词原形；walks单词三单；to walk不定式。start to do“开始做某事”。故选C。 44．句意：有42名学生。 be动词原形；were过去式，用于主语是you或复数时；was过去式，用于主语是I或三单时。主语42 students是复数，be动词用were。故选B。 45．句意：他们大多数人都在忙着写。 their他们的，形容词性物主代词；they他们，主格；them他们，宾格。介词of后用宾格。故选C。 46．句意：这个女孩坐在那里沉思，没在写。 A泛指一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；An泛指一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；The表示特指。特指前文“I saw a girl—Lily”提及的女孩。故选C。 47．句意：李先生，我想我们还应该指出，我们只能在遇到直角三角形时使用这个公式。 pointed过去式；point动词原形；to point不定式。情态动词should后加动词原形。故选B。 48．句意：我笑着对她说。 smiling动名词、现在分词；smiles单词三单；smiled过去式。由“and said”可知此处应用过去式。故选C。 49．句意：学习时要时刻仔细思考！ Never从不；Sometimes有时；Always总是。根据“math knowledge will be more complex”可知，因为数学很复杂，所以一直需要思考。故选C。 50．句意：今天的教训是给你们所有人的。 for为了；in在……里；on在……上。根据“Today’s lesson is...you all.”和前文可知，只有Lily指出了问题，我告知学生们学习需要时刻仔细，这个教训是给课堂上所有人的。故选A。 四、完形填空 Most students have 10-minute breaks between classes. They can do some 51 , talk with each other and relax during the time. However, to keep their students safe, some schools don’t let them 52 the classroom during breaks —unless they need to go to the toilet (卫生间). “They cannot go outside to play and relax,” a parent says in an interview (采访). To give students a 53 rest, primary and middle schools in Beijing began to add five more minutes to break time 54 classes from the autumn term in 2024. According to the new rule, each school should have a 30-minute 55 break in the morning and another in the afternoon. Students should have at 56 90 minutes of break time each day in primary schools and at least 105 minutes in middle schools. With the new rule, students will have more time to relax, rest, and play outside. This can help them keep 57 and avoid myopia (避免近视). To help students use their break time 58 , many schools in Beijing are working hard. For example, Dianchanglu Primary School sets a climbing wall for its students. Qianjiadian Central Primary School 59 a “Happy Farm” for students to do some farm work. Huashi Primary School holds an art show in the hallway. Students can enjoy great 60 during the break. What do you think of these activities? Do you have more great ideas for break time? 51．A．shopping B．cooking C．exercise D．housework 52．A．choose B．leave C．enjoy D．clean 53．A．real B．serious C．lucky D．difficult 54．A．below B．between C．behind D．before 55．A．heavy B．little C．common D．big 56．A．once B．least C．last D．first 57．A．warm B．busy C．quiet D．healthy 58．A．faster B．harder C．better D．friendlier 59．A．builds B．reaches C．picks D．wins 60．A．animals B．messages C．lessons D．paintings 【答案】 51．C 52．B 53．A 54．B 55．D 56．B 57．D 58．C 59．A 60．D 【导语】本文讲述了北京的小学和中学从2024年秋季学期开始增加课间休息时间，以及学校如何通过丰富多样的活动帮助学生更好地利用课间休息，以促进他们的身心健康和预防近视。 51．句意：大多数学生在课间有10分钟休息时间。在这段时间里他们可以做一些锻炼，互相交谈或放松。 shopping购物；cooking烹饪；exercise锻炼；housework家务。依据学生课间休息可进行的活动常识，锻炼是适合课间进行的活动，其他选项不太符合课间休息的情境。故选C。 52．句意：然而，为了保证学生的安全，一些学校不让他们在课间离开教室——除非他们需要去卫生间。 choose选择；leave离开；enjoy享受；clean打扫。依据后文“They cannot go outside to play and relax,”可知，这里是说不让学生离开教室。故选B。 53．句意：为了给学生一个真正休息，北京的中小学从2024年秋季学期开始在课间增加五分钟休息时间。 real真正的；serious严重的；lucky幸运的；difficult困难的。根据句意，这里讨论的是给予学生一个什么样性质的休息时间。结合后文“primary and middle schools in Beijing began to add five more minutes to break time”提到的增加休息时间，可以推断这里指的是一个实际、真正的休息时间，而非虚假的或形式上的。故选A。 54．句意：为了让学生们真正休息一下，从2024年秋季学期开始，北京的中小学开始在课间多增加5分钟的休息时间。 below在……下面；between在……之间；behind在……后面；before在……之前。依据“课间休息时间”可知是在两节课之间，“between”表示在两者之间，符合语境。故选B。 55．句意：根据新规定，每所学校应该在上午和下午各有一个30分钟的休息时间。 heavy沉重的；little小的；common普通的；big长时间的。依据“30-minute”可知是较长的休息时间，“big”在这里可表示较长时间的休息，符合语境。故选D。 56．句意：小学生每天至少应该有90分钟的休息时间，中学生至少应该有105分钟的休息时间。 once一次；least最少；last最后；first第一。依据“90 minutes”和“105 minutes”是规定的最少休息时长，“at least”表示至少，符合语境。故选B。 57．句意：这可以帮助他们保持健康，避免近视。 warm温暖的；busy忙碌的；quiet安静的；healthy健康的。依据在户外玩耍等活动对健康有益，“keep healthy”表示保持健康，符合语境。故选D。 58．句意：为了帮助学生更好地利用休息时间，北京的许多学校都在努力工作。 faster更快地；harder更努力地；better更好地；friendlier更友好地。依据后文学校开展各种活动可知，是为了帮助学生更好地利用休息时间，“better”符合语境。故选C。 59．句意：千家店中心小学为学生们搭建了一个“快乐农场”，让他们做一些农活。 builds建造；reaches到达；picks采摘；wins赢得。依据语境，学校建造“快乐农场”符合逻辑，“builds”表示建造，符合语境。故选A。 60．句意：华师小学在走廊举办艺术展。学生们在课间欣赏很棒的绘画。 animals动物；messages信息；lessons课程；paintings绘画。依据前文“holds an art show”可知，学生欣赏的是绘画，“paintings”符合语境。故选D。 五、阅读理解 A In different parts of the world, students spend their school day in different ways. In Japan Yuki starts her school day at 8:30 a.m. and finishes at 3:30 p.m. She has six classes a day. She can enjoy a 45-minute lunch break and eat in her classroom. In Brazil (巴西) Pedro’s school day begins at 7:00 a.m. and school is over at 12 o’clock. He has four classes a day. His school is different from Yuki. He only has a 15-minute break for a quick lunch. His school gives the lunch to him for free (免费). In Canada Emily’s day starts at 9:00 a.m. and can go home at 3:00 p.m. Her school gives a one-hour lunch break in the dining hall. Students often play outside if the weather is nice. 61．Where do students eat their lunch in Yuki’s school? A．In the dining hall. B．On the playground. C．Outside the school. D．In their classrooms. 62．How long is Pedro’s school day in Brazil? A．3 hours. B．5 hours. C．6 hours. D．7 hours. 63．What time does Emily’s school day finish? A．At 12:00 p.m. B．At 3:00 p.m. C．At 3:30 p.m. D．At 4:00 p.m. 64．Who has the longest lunch break? A．Yuki. B．Pedro. C．Emily. D．All have the same. 65．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To share some information about different school days. B．To talk about different schools around the world. C．To tell us three students’ hobbies from three countries. D．To show different subjects and teachers at school. 【答案】61．D 62．B 63．B 64．C 65．A 【导语】本文讲述了在世界的不同地区，学生们以不同的方式度过他们的一天，文章给出三个例子。 61．细节理解题。根据“In Japan”中“She can enjoy a 45-minute lunch break and eat in her classroom.”可知，学生在教室吃午饭。故选D。 62．推理判断题。根据“Pedro’s school day begins at 7:00 a.m. and school is over at 12 o’clock.”可知，佩德罗的上学时间从早上7点开始，中午12点结束，一共5个小时，故选B。 63．细节理解题。根据“Emily’s day starts at 9:00 a.m. and can go home at 3:00 p.m.”可知，艾米丽的学校下午三点结束。故选B。 64．细节理解题。根据“Her school gives a one-hour lunch break in the dining hall.”可知，艾米丽有最长的午休时间，有一个小时，故选C。 65．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了在世界的不同地区，学生们以不同的方式度过他们的一天，文章给出三个例子，作者写这篇文章的目的是分享一些关于不同学校生活的信息。故选A。 B This is a class at Tammela school, a school in Finland (芬兰). The students are having a maths class with their robot teacher. The “teacher” is blue. His name is Albert. When students need help with maths, he’s always there to help them. “Albert can make maths classes interesting. Many students like Albert, and they think he is a great teacher,” says Mr Black, a science teacher in the school. “We use technology (科技) to help our students learn well. ▲ . The first one is Albert, a maths teacher. He is really great. The second one is a language teacher. We call her Alice. She can speak 23 languages and dance to music. The third one is a PE teacher named Nao. He’s from Japan. He’s good at playing football, and he can dance, too. And the last one is Lucy from France. She’s an art teacher. She can draw well,” says the headmaster (校长) of the school. “The robot teachers are great, but it doesn’t mean that real teachers will lose their jobs,” the headmaster says again. “The robots can teach well, but they can’t keep the class in order (维持课堂秩序). Our school still needs real teachers.” 66．What subject does Albert teach? A．Science. B．English. C．Chinese. D．Maths. 67．What can Nao do? ①Speak many languages.    ②Dance.    ③Play football.    ④Draw. A．①② B．②③ C．②④ D．③④ 68．Which sentence can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4? A．But some students don’t like robot teachers B．But robot teachers can’t teach some subjects C．Now our school still needs more robot teachers D．Now there are four robot teachers in our school 69．What can we infer (推断) from the headmaster’s words? A．There will be no real teachers in the near future. B．Real teachers don’t teach students as well as robot teachers. C．Robot teachers are good but they’re different from real teachers. D．Robot teachers can teach everything and do everything at school. 70．What can be the best title (标题) for the passage? A．Robot Teachers at School B．The Two Sides (方面) of Technology C．Who Is the Students’ Favourite Teacher? D．Robot Teachers Are Better Than Real Teachers 【答案】66．D 67．B 68．D 69．C 70．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了芬兰一所学校里的机器人老师。 66．细节理解题。根据“The first one is Albert, a maths teacher.”可知，Albert教数学。故选D。 67．细节理解题。根据“The third one is a PE teacher named Nao. He’s from Japan. He’s good at playing football, and he can dance, too.”可知，Nao是一位体育老师，擅长踢足球，并且也能跳舞。故选B。 68．推理判断题。根据“We use technology (科技) to help our students learn well.”以及“The first one is Albert, a maths teacher ... The second one is a language teacher ... The third one is a P.E. teacher named Nao ... And the last one is Lucy from France ...”可知，段落开头说了用科技来帮助学生学好，然后空格后面分别介绍了四位机器人老师，因此选项D“现在我们学校有四位机器人老师”符合语境。故选D。 69．推理判断题。根据“The robot teachers are great, but it doesn’t mean that real teachers will lose their jobs”以及“The robots can teach well, but they can’t keep the class in order (维持课堂秩序). Our school still needs real teachers.”可知，根据校长的话，机器人老师很棒，但这并不意味着真正的老师会失业，机器人可以教得很好，但他们不能保持课堂秩序，学校仍然需要真正的老师。由此可推断，机器人老师很好，但他们不同于真正的老师。故选C。 70．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了芬兰一所学校里的机器人老师以及它们的特点，因此选项A“学校里的机器人老师”最符合主题。故选A。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$