Unit 3 Same or Different?Section A(讲义)-2025-2026学年八年级英语同步精品讲义(人教版2024)

2025-06-30
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语人教版八年级上册
年级 八年级
章节 Section A
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 寒暑假-暑假
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
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发布时间 2025-06-30
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Unit 3 Same or Different? Section A How are we different from each other? Question: How do we compare with each other? 我们如何相互比较? key: 1.compare people and things 比较人和事物 2.discuss whether friends should be similar or different 讨论朋友应该相似还是不同 3.talk about how you are different from the past 谈谈你与过去有何不同 4.discover why differences are important 探索差异为什么重要 词汇: 名词(n.): problem 问题 appearance 外表 flute 长笛 habit 习惯 performance 表演 personality 性格,品质 term 学期 strength 优势,力量 person 人 example 例子 nurse 护士 fact 事实,现实 number 数字 population 人口 moment 时刻 area 地区 prize 奖品 rainfall 降雨量 congratulation 祝贺,恭喜 temperature 温度 pleasure 快乐,荣幸 Chicago 芝加哥 动词(v.): compare 比较 attend 参加,出席 perform 执行,表演 won 赢得(win的过去式) encourage 鼓励 agree 同意 solve 解决 形容词(adj.): same 相同的 short 矮的,短的 different 不同的 hard-working 勤劳的 similar 相似的 important 重要的 shy 害羞的 strong 强壮的,强烈的 outgoing 外向的 serious 严肃的 late 迟到的 true 真实的 lazy 懒惰的 colourful 多彩的 loud 大声的 slim 苗条的 quiet 安静的 average 平均的 much 多的 smart 聪明的 pleasant 宜人的,友好的 介词(prep.): per 每 兼词: opposite n.反面,对立面;adj.相反的;prep.在......对面 besides prep.除......之外;adv.而且 than prep.&conj.比 spare v.抽出,拨出;adj.空闲的,备用的 短语: each other 彼此,互相 think of 认为,思考 be afraid of sth. 害怕某事 have sth. in common 有共同之处 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 learn from 从......学习 work harder 更加努力工作 a little 一点 be different from 与......不同 square km(kilometre的缩写) 平方公里 the first prize 一等奖 in area 面积 take part in 参加 per year 每年 as...as... 和......一样...... the population of... ......的人口 spare time 空闲时间 get up earlier 起得更早 thanks for... 因......而感谢 better than 比......更好 make a great team 组成一个出色的团队 more than 超过 知识点: 1.compare的用法:①compare...with...把......和......作比较 ②compare...to...把......比作...... 2.encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 3.be similar to 与......相似 4.different(adj.)不同的→difference(n.)不同点,差别→make a difference 有影响,起作用 固定搭配:be different from 与......不同, 反义短语:the same as与......相同 5.by的用法:①by + doing 通过......(方式/方法) ②by + 交通工具(表示出行方式)③by + 地点/物体/人,在......旁边(表示方位)④by + 时间,在......之前(表示时间) 6.Congratulations(on sth./doing sth.)!(对......表示)祝贺! 7.as...(形容词/副词的原级)as...,和......一样, as tall as me和我一样高 否定形式:not as/so...as... 不如....., not as tall as me=not so tall as me不如我高 8.thanks(=thank you)的用法;①thanks for sth./doing sth. 因......而感谢 ②thanks to...多亏了...... 9.That’s + 形容词. 描述事物特征或表达对某事的评价/感受。 语法点; 形容词和副词的比较级 用于两者之间的比较时形容词或副词应该用比较级。 一、形容词和副词的比较级的构成 1.规则变化: 变化规则 例子 单音节词 一般情况下在词尾直接加-er tall→taller,small→smaller,short→shorter 以不发音的e结尾,加-r nice→nicer,wide→wider,large→larger 重读闭音节+辅音字母结尾,双写辅音字母,再加-er big→bigger,fat→fatter,thin→thinner 辅音字母+y结尾,改y为i,再加-er heavy→heavier,healthy→healthier,happy→happier 双音节/ 多音节词 直接在前面加more important→more important,difficult→more difficult,outgoing→more outgoing 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 good/well better bad/badly/ill worse little less many/much more old older(侧重年龄上的)/elder(侧重辈分上的) far farther(表示距离上的)/further(表示程度上的) 二、形容词和副词的比较级的用法 1.两者之间的比较: 主语+be动词/系动词实义动词+比较级(+than+比较的对象). She is more outgoing than me.她比我更外向。 The blue dress is longer than the white dress.蓝裙子比白裙子更长。 Tom runs faster than Jim. Tom比Jim跑得更快。 注意:①如果句子中出现了“of the two”来强调只有两者比较,那此时比较级前要加the Jack is the smarter of the two.杰克是两人中更聪明的一个。 ②比较级前可以加一些修饰词来更准确表示两者之间的差异,常见的修饰词有:much(......得多),a little/a bit(一点),even(甚至),far(......得多) She is much fatter than me.她比我胖得多。 2.两者之间的选择:Who/Which is + 比较级,A or B? Who is more hard-working,Jenny or Mary? 谁更努力,Jenny还是Mary? 3.比较级and 比较级,“越来越......” The little boy is growing taller and taller.这个小男孩越来越高了。 4.The + 比较级...,the + 比较级...,“越......,就越......” The more books we read,the more we know.我们读的书越多,知道的就越多。 The more you eat, the fatter you will be.你吃的越多就会变得越胖。 5.主语+be动词/系动词实义动词+less+形容词/副词(+than+比较的对象). 表示否定含义。 The movie is less interesting than the book.这部电影不如这本书有趣。 练习: 一、单项选择 1. This coat is as ________ as that one. A. good  B. better  C. best  D. well 2. My brother is ________ than me. I'm 180 cm tall and he's 175 cm tall. A. tall B. taller C. shorter D. short 3. The river in our village is _______ than it was many years ago. A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleaner 4. He is _______ at English than his deskmate. A. good B. better C. best D. well 5. This story book is _______ than that one. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. interestinger 6. Our town will become _______. A.beautiful and beautiful  B. more and more beautiful C. the most beautiful  D. more beautiful and more beautiful 7. The actor is already 60,but he looks _______ than he really is. A. young  B. more young C. more younger  D. much younger 8. The boy finds that his dog is ______ of the two. A. lovely B. lovelier C. most lovelier D. the lovelier 9. They did much _______ than one month ago. A. bad B. worse C. good D. best 10. _______ you work , the better you'll be. A. Harder B.The harder C.Hardly D. The more hardly 二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Tom runs __________ (fast) than his classmates. 2.He was very__________ (happy) to see me. 3.She is __________ (good) at drawing than her sister. 4.Our community is getting__________ and__________ (clean). 5.I think staying at home is __________(interesting) than playing outside. 6.The pink cake is __________(delicious) of the two. 7.When summer comes,it gets__________and__________.(hot) 8.Jack is too tired to run any__________(far),he gives up. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Same or Different? Section A How are we different from each other? Question: How do we compare with each other? 我们如何相互比较? key: 1.compare people and things 比较人和事物 2.discuss whether friends should be similar or different 讨论朋友应该相似还是不同 3.talk about how you are different from the past 谈谈你与过去有何不同 4.discover why differences are important 探索差异为什么重要 词汇: 名词(n.): problem 问题 appearance 外表 flute 长笛 habit 习惯 performance 表演 personality 性格,品质 term 学期 strength 优势,力量 person 人 example 例子 nurse 护士 fact 事实,现实 number 数字 population 人口 moment 时刻 area 地区 prize 奖品 rainfall 降雨量 congratulation 祝贺,恭喜 temperature 温度 pleasure 快乐,荣幸 Chicago 芝加哥 动词(v.): compare 比较 attend 参加,出席 perform 执行,表演 won 赢得(win的过去式) encourage 鼓励 agree 同意 solve 解决 形容词(adj.): same 相同的 short 矮的,短的 different 不同的 hard-working 勤劳的 similar 相似的 important 重要的 shy 害羞的 strong 强壮的,强烈的 outgoing 外向的 serious 严肃的 late 迟到的 true 真实的 lazy 懒惰的 colourful 多彩的 loud 大声的 slim 苗条的 quiet 安静的 average 平均的 much 多的 smart 聪明的 pleasant 宜人的,友好的 介词(prep.): per 每 兼词: opposite n.反面,对立面;adj.相反的;prep.在......对面 besides prep.除......之外;adv.而且 than prep.&conj.比 spare v.抽出,拨出;adj.空闲的,备用的 短语: each other 彼此,互相 think of 认为,思考 be afraid of sth. 害怕某事 have sth. in common 有共同之处 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 learn from 从......学习 work harder 更加努力工作 a little 一点 be different from 与......不同 square km(kilometre的缩写) 平方公里 the first prize 一等奖 in area 面积 take part in 参加 per year 每年 as...as... 和......一样...... the population of... ......的人口 spare time 空闲时间 get up earlier 起得更早 thanks for... 因......而感谢 better than 比......更好 make a great team 组成一个出色的团队 more than 超过 知识点: 1.compare的用法:①compare...with...把......和......作比较 ②compare...to...把......比作...... 2.encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 3.be similar to 与......相似 4.different(adj.)不同的→difference(n.)不同点,差别→make a difference 有影响,起作用 固定搭配:be different from 与......不同, 反义短语:the same as与......相同 5.by的用法:①by + doing 通过......(方式/方法) ②by + 交通工具(表示出行方式)③by + 地点/物体/人,在......旁边(表示方位)④by + 时间,在......之前(表示时间) 6.Congratulations(on sth./doing sth.)!(对......表示)祝贺! 7.as...(形容词/副词的原级)as...,和......一样, as tall as me和我一样高 否定形式:not as/so...as... 不如....., not as tall as me=not so tall as me不如我高 8.thanks(=thank you)的用法;①thanks for sth./doing sth. 因......而感谢 ②thanks to...多亏了...... 9.That’s + 形容词. 描述事物特征或表达对某事的评价/感受。 语法点; 形容词和副词的比较级 用于两者之间的比较时形容词或副词应该用比较级。 一、形容词和副词的比较级的构成 1.规则变化: 变化规则 例子 单音节词 一般情况下在词尾直接加-er tall→taller,small→smaller,short→shorter 以不发音的e结尾,加-r nice→nicer,wide→wider,large→larger 重读闭音节+辅音字母结尾,双写辅音字母,再加-er big→bigger,fat→fatter,thin→thinner 辅音字母+y结尾,改y为i,再加-er heavy→heavier,healthy→healthier,happy→happier 双音节/ 多音节词 直接在前面加more important→more important,difficult→more difficult,outgoing→more outgoing 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 good/well better bad/badly/ill worse little less many/much more old older(侧重年龄上的)/elder(侧重辈分上的) far farther(表示距离上的)/further(表示程度上的) 二、形容词和副词的比较级的用法 1.两者之间的比较: 主语+be动词/系动词实义动词+比较级(+than+比较的对象). She is more outgoing than me.她比我更外向。 The blue dress is longer than the white dress.蓝裙子比白裙子更长。 Tom runs faster than Jim. Tom比Jim跑得更快。 注意:①如果句子中出现了“of the two”来强调只有两者比较,那此时比较级前要加the Jack is the smarter of the two.杰克是两人中更聪明的一个。 ②比较级前可以加一些修饰词来更准确表示两者之间的差异,常见的修饰词有:much(......得多),a little/a bit(一点),even(甚至),far(......得多) She is much fatter than me.她比我胖得多。 2.两者之间的选择:Who/Which is + 比较级,A or B? Who is more hard-working,Jenny or Mary? 谁更努力,Jenny还是Mary? 3.比较级and 比较级,“越来越......” The little boy is growing taller and taller.这个小男孩越来越高了。 4.The + 比较级...,the + 比较级...,“越......,就越......” The more books we read,the more we know.我们读的书越多,知道的就越多。 The more you eat, the fatter you will be.你吃的越多就会变得越胖。 5.主语+be动词/系动词实义动词+less+形容词/副词(+than+比较的对象). 表示否定含义。 The movie is less interesting than the book.这部电影不如这本书有趣。 练习: 一、单项选择 1. This coat is as ________ as that one. A. good  B. better  C. best  D. well 【答案】A 【解析】"as...as" 结构表示同级比较,需用形容词原级。good 是形容词,表示“好的”;well 是副词,不适用。选A 2. My brother is ________ than me. I'm 180 cm tall and he's 175 cm tall. A. tall B. taller C. shorter D. short 【答案】C 【解析】 句子有 "than",需用比较级。根据身高(我 180 cm,他 175 cm),他比我矮,因此用 shorter(更矮)。tall 和 short 是原级,不适用。选C 3. The river in our village is _______ than it was many years ago. A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleaner 【答案】B 【解析】 句子有 "than",需用比较级。clean 是单音节形容词,比较级为 cleaner。cleanest 是最高级,the cleaner 形式错误。选B 4. He is _______ at English than his deskmate. A. good B. better C. best D. well 【答案】B 【解析】 句子有 "than",需用比较级。good 的比较级是 better(at English 表示“在英语方面”)。well 是副词,不适用;best 是最高级。选B 5. This story book is _______ than that one. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. interestinger 【答案】B 【解析】 句子有 "than",需用比较级。interesting 是多音节词,比较级为 more interesting。interesting 和 most interesting 是原级和最高级;interestinger 形式错误。选B 6. Our town will become _______. A.beautiful and beautiful  B. more and more beautiful C. the most beautiful  D. more beautiful and more beautiful 【答案】B 【解析】表示“变得越来越...”时,多音节形容词用 "more and more + 原级"。beautiful and beautiful 不符合习惯;the most beautiful 是最高级,无比较范围;more beautiful and more beautiful 冗长且不自然。选B 7. The actor is already 60,but he looks _______ than he really is. A. young  B. more young C. more younger  D. much younger 【答案】D 【解析】句子有 "than",需用比较级。young 的比较级是 younger;much 修饰比较级,强调程度。more young 和 more younger 形式错误(young 是单音节词,比较级直接加 -er)。选D 8. The boy finds that his dog is ______ of the two. A. lovely B. lovelier C. most lovelier D. the lovelier 【答案】D 【解析】"of the two" 表示两者中较...的那个,需用比较级加 the。lovely 的比较级是 lovelier(以-y结尾,变-y为-i加-er)。lovely 是原级;most lovelier 形式错误(最高级与比较级混用)。选D 9. They did much _______ than one month ago. A. bad B. worse C. good D. best 【答案】B 【解析】句子有 "than",需用比较级。did 是动词,需副词修饰,bad 的副词比较级是 worse(表示“更差”)。bad 和 good 是原级;best 是最高级。选B 10. _______ you work , the better you'll be. A. Harder B.The harder C.Hardly D. The more hardly 【答案】B 【解析】"The + 比较级..., the + 比较级..." 结构表示“越...越...”。hard 的比较级是 harder。Harder 缺少 the;hardly 意思是“几乎不”,不符合句意;the more hardly 形式错误(hardly 无比较级)。选B 二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1.Tom runs __________ (fast) than his classmates. 2.He was very__________ (happy) to see me. 3.She is __________ (good) at drawing than her sister. 4.Our community is getting__________ and__________ (clean). 5.I think staying at home is __________(interesting) than playing outside. 6.The pink cake is __________(delicious) of the two. 7.When summer comes,it gets__________and__________.(hot) 8.Jack is too tired to run any__________(far),he gives up. 【答案】 1.faster 2.happy 3.better 4.cleaner,cleaner 5.more interesting 6.the more delicious 7.hotter,hotter 8.farther 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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Unit 3 Same or Different?Section A(讲义)-2025-2026学年八年级英语同步精品讲义(人教版2024)
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Unit 3 Same or Different?Section A(讲义)-2025-2026学年八年级英语同步精品讲义(人教版2024)
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Unit 3 Same or Different?Section A(讲义)-2025-2026学年八年级英语同步精品讲义(人教版2024)
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