Unit 1 Section E 人与社会之历史、社会与文化 相关题型训练-训练1 -2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

2025-2026学年度高三英语总复习系列题型专项复习 「Unit 1 阅读理解题型训练」 「Section E 人与社会之历史、社会与文化 相关题型训练-训练1」 答 案 经典题目精读 把握最佳练习 本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服务，旨在满足乘客阅读需求，提升出行体验，Trost认为此举措能吸引更多乘客，对BART的未来持乐观态度，预期乘客量将会增长。 1. C 题型：推理判断题 根据第三段“"You enter the fare gates(检票口)and you'll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute,a three-minute,or a five-minute story,"says Alicia Trost,the chief communications officer for the San Francisco BayArea Rapid Transit-known as BART.“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”(旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART)首席通讯官Alicia Trost表示：“你进入检票口，会看到一个亮着灯的信息亭，它告诉你可以得到一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的报道。你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事。”)”可知，BART启动信息亭是为了满足乘客在乘车过程中的阅读需求，为他们提供不同长度的短篇故事或诗歌来打发时间。故选C项。 2. B 题型：细节理解题 根据第三段“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.(你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选B项。 3. A 题型：细节理解题 根据第五段“We wanted to do something where we do a call o artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,(我们想做一些事情，呼吁湾区的艺术家为比赛提交故事”以及第六段"The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.(获奖故事会进入我们的书报亭，然后你就会成为一名出版艺术家)”可知，Trost最近在组织一个故事竞赛，向湾区的艺术家征集故事，获胜作品将被放入书报亭供乘客阅读。故选A项。 4. D 题型：细节理解题 根据倒数第二段“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience.So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,"she says.(她说：“归根结底，所有的交通机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我绝对认为，我们会因为短篇小说而吸引更多的乘客。”)”可知，Trost认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事阅读服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量将会增加。故选D项。 全文翻译： 你是否曾到了火车站才意识到忘带读物？是的，我们都有手机，但许多人仍喜欢传统方式，读些纸质内容。 至少在旧金山湾区，有一个能解决这个问题的小亭。 “你进入检票口后，会看到一个亮着灯的小亭，上面显示你可以获取1分钟、3分钟或5分钟的故事，”旧金山湾区捷运系统（BART）的首席传播官艾丽西亚・特罗斯特（Alicia Trost）说，“你选择想要的时长，它就会给你一张类似收据的短篇故事。” 就是这么简单。自去年3月该项目启动以来，乘客已打印了近2万篇短篇故事和诗歌。其中有些是经典短篇，有些是新原创作品。 特罗斯特还希望向本地乘客介绍当地作家。“我们想做这样一件事：向湾区的艺术家发出征集，邀请他们提交故事参与比赛，”特罗斯特说，“截至目前，我们已收到约120份投稿。获奖故事将纳入我们的小亭，届时你就成为一名出版作家了。” 过去半个世纪，全美公共交通系统的客流量持续下降，那么短篇故事能拯救公共交通吗？ 特罗斯特认为可以。 “归根结底，所有交通机构目前都在尽其所能改善乘客体验。因此我绝对认为，仅靠短篇故事我们就能吸引更多乘客，”她说。 而你，将永远不会缺少读物。 第四次阅读：短文填词，检验语法情况 1. to realize 考查非谓语动词。不定式作结果状语，表出乎意料的结果，常用于 “only to do” 结构，故填 to realize。 2. displaying 考查非谓语动词。kiosk 与 display 为主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语，相当于 which displays，故填 displaying。 3. printed 考查非谓语动词。story 与 print 为被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，表 “打印在再生纸上的故事”，故填 printed。 4. was launched 考查动词时态和语态。program 与 launch 为被动关系，last March 为过去时间，用一般过去时的被动语态，故填 was launched。 5. have printed 考查动词时态。since 引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，主语 riders 为复数，故填 have printed。 6. where 考查定语从句。先行词 contest 表抽象地点，在从句中作状语（“在比赛中艺术家提交作品”），用关系副词 where 引导，故填 where。 7. will be featured 考查动词时态和语态。stories 与 feature 为被动关系，结合语境 “获奖故事将被收录”，用一般将来时的被动语态，故填 will be featured。 8. seeking 考查非谓语动词。agencies 与 seek 为主动关系，are constantly seeking 为现在进行时，表持续的动作，故填 seeking。 9. unmatched 考查词性转换。作表语表 “无与伦比的”，用形容词 unmatched（由 match 加否定前缀 un - 构成），故填 unmatched。 10. something 考查代词。作 without 的宾语，表 “某些东西”，结合语境填不定代词 something，故填 something。 考点分布与难度说明 相同主题重现 体会主题奥秘 第1篇 这是一篇新闻报道。秘鲁蓝莓产业快速增长，成为全球最大出口国，尽管面临气候变化带来的挑战，科学家们正在开发耐热的蓝莓新品种以应对未来的气候变化。 1. B 题型：细节理解题 根据第三段中的“However, conventional wisdom held that blueberries needed temperatures below 45℉ to thrive, which the Peruvian coast lacks. (然而，传统观念认为，蓝莓需要在45华氏度以下的温度中才能茁壮成长，而秘鲁海岸并不具备这样的条件。)”可知，人们最初认为蓝莓不能在秘鲁生长是因为人们认为气候不适宜。故选B。 2. B 题型：细节理解题 根据第四段中的“Peruvian entrepreneur Carlos Gereda, a pioneer in the industry, began traveling to Chile in 2006 to learn about blueberries. On one of his trips, he brought back 14 varieties to test in Peru’s desert. It took him two years to find the right one, named Biloxi. (秘鲁企业家Carlos Gereda是该行业的先驱，从2006年开始前往智利学习蓝莓种植技术。在一次旅行中，他带回了14个品种，在秘鲁的沙漠中进行测试。他花了两年时间才找到了合适的品种，即名为Biloxi的蓝莓。)”可知，Carlos Gereda找到了适合秘鲁气候的蓝莓品种，为秘鲁蓝莓产业做出贡献。故选B。 3. C 题型：细节理解题 根据最后一段中的“But last year, this boom faced its first setback. A major heat wave driven by an El Nino event hit northern Peru, severely damaging blueberry crops and causing a 25% drop in production. (然而，去年，这一繁荣景象遭遇了首次挫折。一场由厄尔尼诺现象引发的热浪袭击了秘鲁北部，严重损害了蓝莓作物，导致产量下降了25%。)”可知，去年异常高温导致蓝莓产量下降。故选C。 4. D 题型：词句猜测题 根据最后一段中的“To create these robust varieties, scientists develop new seeds and evaluate them over years to select the best individuals. They aim to create beat-tolerant plants and produce “jumbo” berries-one inch or larger-to meet global demand. (为了创造这些robust品种，科学家们开发了新的种子，并经过数年的评估，以选择出最优秀的个体。他们的目标是培育出耐热植物，并产出“巨型”蓝莓——直径达到或超过一英寸，以满足全球市场的需求。)”可知，这里指的是能够在极端气候条件下生长并且恢复的能力，即强大且具有适应性的植物。因此，robust意思是“健壮的，适应性强的”，与选项D“strong and adaptable (强壮且适应性强)”意思相符。故选D。 全文翻译： 8月初，秘鲁北部拉利伯塔德海岸的沙丘上长满了蓝紫色的果实。这个在十多年前还被认为不适合种植蓝莓的地区，如今正让秘鲁跻身全球蓝莓市场的前沿。 农业工程师阿尔瓦罗・埃斯皮诺萨（Alvaro Espinoza）是15年前首批在秘鲁试种蓝莓的人之一，当时这种水果在该国还无人知晓。“人们说我疯了，”他回忆道。从那时起，秘鲁的蓝莓产业迅速发展，从2012年仅种植数百英亩，到过去五年成为全球最大的新鲜蓝莓出口国。 受智利邻国成功的启发，秘鲁企业家在21世纪初开始探索本地蓝莓市场。然而，传统观点认为蓝莓需要低于45华氏度的温度才能生长，而秘鲁海岸缺乏这种条件。 该行业先驱、秘鲁企业家卡洛斯・赫雷达（Carlos Gereda）于2006年开始前往智利学习蓝莓种植。一次旅行中，他带回了14个品种在秘鲁的沙漠中测试。他花了两年时间才找到合适的品种，名为“比洛克西”（Biloxi）。确定这个品种后，他投资300美元创办了一家公司，后来成为秘鲁蓝莓行业的领军企业，帮助秘鲁蓝莓种植面积扩展到4.9万英亩以上。如今，秘鲁的蓝莓出口量是其最接近竞争对手的两倍多，其中超过一半销往美国，占美国新鲜蓝莓进口量的40%。 但去年，这一繁荣遭遇了首次挫折。厄尔尼诺现象引发的一场重大热浪袭击了秘鲁北部，严重损害了蓝莓作物，导致产量下降25%。这一经历加速了开发新的基因改良蓝莓品种的努力，这些品种能在更炎热的气候中生长。为培育这些耐候品种，科学家们开发新种子并逐年评估，以筛选出最优个体。他们的目标是培育耐高温植株，并生产一英寸或更大的“巨型”蓝莓，以满足全球需求。 第2篇 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国两位小舞者将中国元素融入街舞表演并取得佳绩及其未来展望。 1. C 题型：细节理解题 根据第三段中“When asked why the pair chose to incorporate Chinese elements into their routine, Fu explained, “This was our own idea.” According to Fu, he is a fan of wuxia culture while Song comes from a martial arts family. “When Song suggested adding Chinese elements such as Drunken Fist, Tai Chi, and Wing Chun into our performance, I immediately agreed. Street dance comes from the West, but we are Chinese. We want to bring our culture into it and show the world Chinese culture’s strength,” Fu told the Global Times. (当被问及为何选择在表演中融入中国元素时，符隽熙解释说：“这是我们自己的想法。”据符隽熙介绍，他是武侠文化的爱好者，而宋皓铭来自武术世家。“当宋建议在我们的表演中加入醉拳、太极和咏春等中国元素时，我立刻同意了。街舞来自西方，但我们是中国人。我们想把自己的文化融入其中，向世界展示中国文化的力量。”)”可知，两人都与武术有紧密联系是他们在表演中融入中国元素的原因。故选C。 2. C 题型：推理判断题 根据最后一段中“Fu wants to explore more new creative fusions, such as incorporating lion dancing and other traditional Chinese arts into his performances to help spread Chinese culture. (傅希望探索更多新的创意融合，比如将舞狮和其他中国传统艺术融入他的表演中，以帮助传播中国文化。)”以及“There’s so much more to explore, and we’re just getting started. (还有很多要探索的，我们才刚刚开始。)”可推知，未来街舞比赛将会因像宋和傅这样的表演者而增加文化融合。故选C。 3. D 题型：推理判断题 根据第三段中“ “When Song suggested adding Chinese elements such as Drunken Fist, Tai Chi, and Wing Chun into our performance, I immediately agreed. Street dance comes from the West, but we are Chinese. We want to bring our culture into it and show the world Chinese culture’s strength,” Fu told the Global Times. (“当宋建议在我们的表演中加入醉拳、太极和咏春等中国元素时，我立刻同意了。街舞来自西方，但我们是中国人。我们想把自己的文化融入其中，向世界展示中国文化的力量。”)以及最后一段中“Looking ahead, Song, the Chinese dancer, longs to incorporate more ethnic influences into his performance. Fu wants to explore more new creative fusions, such as incorporating lion dancing and other traditional Chinese arts into his performances to help spread Chinese culture.(展望未来，这位中国舞者宋渴望将更多的民族元素融入他的表演中。傅希望探索更多新的创意融合，比如将舞狮和其他中国传统艺术融入他的表演中，以帮助传播中国文化。)”可知，宋和傅可能具有有创造力和有文化意识的性格。故选D。 4. A 题型：推理判断题 通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Blending the agility of “Drunken Fist” and the movements of Tai Chi, the young duo has fused traditional kung fu with Hip-Hop dancing moves, making history by reaching the top four at the Juste Debout 2025 global finals, the best result ever for a Chinese team. (这对年轻的组合将“醉拳”的敏捷和太极的动作融合在一起，将传统功夫与嘻哈舞步融合在一起，在2025年Juste Debout全球总决赛中闯入四强，创造了中国队的历史最好成绩。)”以及最后一段中“Looking ahead, Song, the Chinese dancer, longs to incorporate more ethnic influences into his performance. Fu wants to explore more new creative fusions, such as incorporating lion dancing and other traditional Chinese arts into his performances to help spread Chinese culture. (展望未来，这位中国舞者宋渴望将更多的民族元素融入他的表演中。傅希望探索更多新的创意融合，比如将舞狮和其他中国传统艺术融入他的表演中，以帮助传播中国文化。)”可知，文章的主要目的是叙述他们将文化与舞蹈融合以及对此的展望。故选A。 全文翻译： 宋昊明与傅俊熙，两位2010后中国少年（分别为11岁和12岁）以象征性的敬酒姿态与优雅鞠躬开场，展开了一段流畅而充满力量的表演。这对少年组合将“醉拳”的灵动感与太极招式相融合，再融入嘻哈街舞动作，在2025年Juste Debout全球总决赛中历史性闯入前四，创下中国团队参赛最佳成绩。 被誉为“世界最大街舞赛事”的JusteDebout吸引着全球顶尖舞者。尽管面对精英级竞争，宋昊明与傅俊熙仍在嘻哈舞种中晋级四分之一决赛。赛事官方Instagram账号盛赞这对组合：“来自中国的宋昊明和傅俊熙在Juste Debout舞台上如战士般战斗——无所畏惧、坚韧不拔、势不可挡。从第一轮到前四，他们倾尽全力。纯粹的初心，炽热的激情。这不仅是舞蹈表演，更是一种宣言。”傅俊熙的母亲贾女士告诉《环球时报》，国际社会的反响“超出预期”。 当被问及为何在表演中融入中国元素时，傅俊熙解释：“这是我们自己的想法。”他透露自己是武侠文化爱好者，而宋昊明来自武术世家。“当宋昊明提议在表演中加入醉拳、太极和咏春等中国元素时，我立刻同意了。街舞虽源自西方，但我们是中国人，想把自己的文化融入其中，向世界展示中国文化的力量。”傅俊熙向《环球时报》表示。对两人而言，未来充满无限可能——除了功夫与街舞，还有更多机遇等待探索。 展望未来，中国舞者宋昊明渴望在表演中融入更多民族元素，傅俊熙则希望探索更多创意融合，例如将舞狮等中国传统艺术融入表演，助力传播中华文化。“值得探索的还有太多，我们才刚刚开始。” 第3篇 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了击剑运动员Jackie Hsiao从受伤到重返赛场并取得成就的坚持与成长历程。 1. D 题型：细节理解题 根据第二段“Hsiao’s fencing journey began at a summer camp before her eighth grade year. Despite the long hours of sweating in fencing gear and competing against more experienced opponents, which left her tired and frustrated, her time at camp awakened her interest in the sport, which she later pursued.(Hsiao的击剑之旅始于八年级前的一个夏令营。尽管她长时间穿着击剑装备，挥汗如雨，与更有经验的对手竞争，这让她感到疲惫和沮丧，但她在夏令营的经历唤起了她对这项运动的兴趣，后来她继续追求这项运动。)”可知，最初激励她从事击剑事业的是她在夏令营的经历。故选D。 2. C 题型：细节理解题 根据第四段中“Regarding the changes to her fencing after the injury, Hsiao noted, “I’ve always been a more defensive fencer so my fencing hasn’t changed too much after my injury. I do have to think more about getting my back leg under me while I fence.”(谈到受伤后击剑的变化，Hsiao指出：“我一直是一个防守型的击剑手，所以受伤后我的击剑风格并没有太大变化。不过，击剑时我确实要多考虑一下如何把后腿稳住。”)”可知，前交叉韧带撕裂让她在击剑时更加关注身体上的调整。故选C。 3. A 题型：推理判断题 根据第四段中“Regarding the changes to her fencing after the injury, Hsiao noted, “I’ve always been a more defensive fencer so my fencing hasn’t changed too much after my injury. I do have to think more about getting my back leg under me while I fence.”(谈到受伤后击剑的变化，Hsiao指出：“我一直是一个防守型的击剑手，所以受伤后我的击剑风格并没有太大变化。不过，击剑时我确实要多考虑一下如何把后腿稳住。”)”以及第五段中“Moreover, from recent meets, including the Junior Olympics, she learned to “trust instincts (直觉) and avoid overthinking during matches.”(此外，从最近的比赛，包括青少年奥运会中，她学会了“在比赛中相信直觉，避免过度思考。”)”可以看出Hsiao能够反思自己击剑风格的变化以及比赛中的心态调整，体现出反思性；同时，Hsiao受伤后能够根据身体情况调整击剑动作，在比赛中学会相信直觉避免过度思考，这些都显示出她具有灵活性。所以Hsiao是一个善于反思且灵活的人。故选A。 4. D 题型：主旨大意题 文章讲述了Hsiao从八年级前参加夏令营开启击剑生涯，高三时遭遇前交叉韧带撕裂伤，经过手术和长时间物理治疗后重新回归击剑，在比赛中不断调整心态和技巧，还提到她从击剑中学到的人生道理以及未来目标等内容，整个过程体现了她从受伤恢复后不断努力并获得认可的坚持。D选项“From Recovery to Recognition: A Fencer’s Journey of Perseverance(从恢复到获得认可：一位击剑手的坚持之旅)”能够很好地概括文章中Hsiao从受伤恢复，到在击剑领域不断努力并获得认可的整个过程，突出了她坚持不懈的精神，与文章主旨相符，适合作为文章的标题。故选D。 全文翻译： 今年2月，UR击剑俱乐部的大二学生Jackie Hsiao在北卡罗来纳州夏洛特市举办的2025年青少年击剑奥运会中参赛。这是她六年筹备的巅峰时刻，也是她首次参加全国级比赛，对手均为实力强劲的击剑选手。 Hsiao的击剑之旅始于八年级前的一个夏令营。尽管穿着击剑装备长时间训练出汗，与更有经验的对手竞技让她疲惫又沮丧，但夏令营的经历唤醒了她对这项运动的兴趣，并在之后坚持追求。 高中时期，Hsiao加入了一个友善的击剑社群，与教练和队友相处融洽——其中一些人也参加了今年2月的青少年奥运会。她专注于花剑项目（击剑中最小、最轻的武器，目标为躯干），不断打磨技巧。 高三时，Hsiao遭遇了前交叉韧带撕裂的重创，击剑生涯岌岌可危。“我以为自己再也无法重返击剑赛场了，”她说。经过手术和每周两到三次、持续九个月的高强度物理治疗，她才重新开始击剑。谈及受伤后击剑风格的变化，Hsiao提到：“我一直是偏防守型的选手，所以受伤后打法没有太大改变，只是在击剑时需要更多注意将后腿调整到合适位置。” 除了技术风格的身体调整，Hsiao也谈到了高水平比赛中的心理调适。她强调积极心态和心理准备的重要性：“如果你觉得自己会表现糟糕，这确实会影响你的击剑状态。”此外，从包括青少年奥运会在内的近期赛事中，她学会了“信任直觉，在比赛中避免过度思考”。 Hsiao还分享了击剑教会她的人生哲理：“不放弃是关键，而失败是最好的学习方式之一。”她在击剑领域的下一个目标是继续参加全国级比赛，并通过赛事胜利获得美国击剑协会的等级认证。 第4篇 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了男性作为家庭主夫的现象及其面临的挑战。 1. C 题型：细节理解题 由文章第一段“Suzanne Donohoe, a top manager, started the month with a 10-day business trip through Asia. Back in New York, her husband, Matt Donohoe, was helping their three teenagers begin a new school year. That was no simple task. Though the children are close in age, each goes to a different school and has different after-school activities. Matt drove their 13-year-old to hockey practices and took all three children for a tournament. In between, there were groceries to buy, meals to prepare and homework to assist with. (高级管理人员苏珊娜·多诺霍本月以一次为期10天的亚洲商务旅行开始。回到纽约后，她的丈夫马特·多诺霍正忙着帮助他们的三个孩子迎接新学期的到来。这可不是件容易的事。虽然孩子们年龄相仿，但他们各自就读于不同的学校，参加不同的课后活动。马特开车送13岁的孩子去练习曲棍球，还带着三个孩子去参加比赛。在这期间，他还得负责购买杂货、准备饭菜以及辅导孩子们做作业)”可知，第一段描述了一种现象，即父亲更多地参与家务。故选C。 2. B 题型：推理判断题 由文章第三段“Wall Street has long struggled to promote and keep women. A hotly competitive industry that demands long hours, frequent travel and the need to be on call constantly, it has been an unwelcoming environment for women, particularly those with children. Managing the arrangements is a challenging task. Women leaders in finance say that having a partner who stays home can relieve that burden. The disheartening part of the message is that you can’t achieve if one parent isn’t at home. (华尔街长期以来在女性员工的晋升和留任方面一直存在困难。这是一个竞争激烈、要求长时间工作、频繁出差且随时待命的行业，对女性，尤其是育有子女的女性来说，并不是一个友好的工作环境。处理这些安排是一项艰巨的任务。金融领域的女性领导者表示，如果有一方留在家里，可以减轻她们的负担。但令人沮丧的是，如果父母中有一方不在家，她们就难以实现职业上的成功)”可知，第三段的目的主要是描述女性在职业生涯中面临的挑战。故选B。 3. C 题型：推理判断题 由文章第四段“For the men, being a househusband can come with a negative perception:Society often still assumes men will be the bigger earners and women the main caregivers. Not all men are as comfortable in the position. One stay-at-home dad says he sometimes tells other men that he manages real estate — technically true because the family owns a few buildings. He says he can identify other men in similar roles when they say they “run a small investment fund.” (对于男性来说，做家庭主夫可能会带来负面的看法：社会往往仍然认为男性应该是家庭的主要经济支柱，而女性则是主要的照顾者。并不是所有男性都能坦然接受这种角色。一位全职父亲说，他有时会告诉其他男性，他管理房地产——从技术上讲这是真的，因为家里拥有几栋楼。他说，当其他处于类似角色的男性说他们“经营着一个小型投资基金”时，他能认出他们)”和第五段““We’re all out there, but we can’t say anything about it,” he says. (“我们都在这里，但我们什么都不能说，”他说。)”可知，对于男性来说，成为家庭主夫可能会带来负面的看法，不是所有男性都对这个位置感到自在，有些男性甚至会掩饰自己的照顾者角色。因此，可以推断出留在家中的父亲们试图淡化他们的照顾者角色。故选C。 4. D 题型：推理判断题 根据文章倒数第二段中“Paul Sullivan, a stay-at-home dad, has been trying to change that. He founded a group called the Company of Dads, but he found no support groups for men in his position. He reached out for advice. Some said people sometimes made fun of the househusbands, calling them names like “Mr. Mom.” (保罗·沙利文也是一位全职父亲，他一直在努力改变这种现状。他创立了一个名为“父亲陪伴”的团体，但他发现没有支持他这种处境男性的团体。他寻求建议。有人说，人们有时会嘲笑家庭主夫，给他们起诸如“妈妈先生”之类的绰号)”可知，Sullivan试图改变人们对家庭主夫的看法，但他发现没有支持他这种立场的男性团体。他寻求建议时，有些人有时会嘲笑家庭主夫，给他们起“妈妈先生”之类的绰号。这表明人们对Sullivan的倡议持反对的态度。故选D。 全文翻译： 高管苏珊娜・多诺霍（Suzanne Donohoe）本月以一场为期10天的亚洲商务旅行开启行程。回到纽约时，丈夫马特・多诺霍（Matt Donohoe）正忙着帮三个青少年开启新学年。这绝非易事——尽管孩子们年龄相近，却分别就读于不同学校，且课后活动各不相同。马特要开车送13岁的孩子去曲棍球训练，带三个孩子参加锦标赛，还要抽空采购食品、准备餐食并辅导作业。 对辞职居家的马特而言，这不过是日常。他属于一个悄然壮大的群体：当妻子在金融领域晋升至高管时，他们承担起家庭管理职责。2023年一份报告显示，2021年全职家长中父亲占比18%，较1989年的11%显著上升。 华尔街长期以来在女性晋升与留任方面存在难题。这个竞争激烈的行业要求长时间工作、频繁出差和随时待命，对女性尤其不友好，育有子女的女性更是如此。平衡工作与家庭安排堪称挑战。金融领域的女性领导者表示，伴侣居家能减轻这一负担，但令人沮丧的是，这传递出一种隐含信息：若没有家长居家，职业成就便无从谈起。 对男性而言，成为家庭主夫可能面临负面认知——社会仍普遍认为男性应是主要经济支柱，女性承担主要育儿责任。并非所有男性都能坦然接受这一角色。一位全职爸爸透露，他有时会告诉其他男性自己从事房地产管理——从技术层面讲这是事实，因为家里拥有几栋房产。他说，当听到其他男性自称“运营小型投资基金”时，便知道对方与自己处境相似。 “我们确实存在，但不能公开谈论，”他说。 全职爸爸保罗・沙利文（Paul Sullivan）一直在试图改变这一现状。他创立了名为“爸爸联盟”（Company of Dads）的组织，却发现找不到针对同类男性的支持团体。他寻求建议时，有人提到家庭主夫常遭调侃，被戏称为“妈妈先生”（Mr.Mom）。 “两件事可以同时成立，”沙利文说，“职场中妈妈可能遭遇歧视，而爸爸可能不敢在家中承担主导角色。” 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年度高三英语总复习系列题型专项复习 「Unit 1 阅读理解题型训练」 「Section E 人与社会之历史、社会与文化 相关题型训练-训练1」 经典题目精读 把握最佳练习 第一次阅读：完成题目，按照考试节奏 2024年新高考Ⅱ卷 英语高考真题 Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least. “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.” It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.” Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says. And you’ll never be without something to read. 1. Why did BART start the kiosk program? A．To promote the local culture. B．To discourage phone use. C．To meet passengers’ needs. D．To reduce its running costs. 2. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A．By popularity. B．By length. C．By theme. D．By language. 3. What has Trost been doing recently? A．Organizing a story contest. B．Doing a survey of customers. C．Choosing a print publisher. D．Conducting interviews with artists. 4. What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future? A．It will close down. B．Its profits will decline. C．It will expand nationwide. D．Its ridership will increase. 第二次阅读：识记单词，掌握英语基础 1. kiosk n. 小亭；售货亭 例句：In the San Francisco Bay Area, there’s a kiosk that offers short stories at train stations. 翻译：在旧金山湾区，火车站有一个提供短篇故事的小亭。 2. fare n. 车费；票价 例句：You enter the fare gates and see a lit-up kiosk for stories. 翻译：进入检票口后，你会看到一个亮着灯、提供故事的小亭。 3. communications n. 通讯；沟通 例句：Alicia Trost is the chief communications officer for BART. 翻译：艾丽西亚・特罗斯特是湾区快速交通系统的首席通讯官。 4. receipt n. 收据 例句：The kiosk gives you a receipt-like short story after choosing the length. 翻译：选择故事时长后，小亭会提供一张类似收据的短篇故事。 5. launch v. 发起；启动 例句：Riders have printed 20,000 stories since the program was launched last March. 翻译：自去年三月该项目启动以来，乘客已打印了 2 万篇故事。 6. original adj. 原创的 例句：Some printed stories are new original works by local writers. 翻译：部分打印的故事是当地作家的新原创作品。 7. submit v. 提交；递交 例句：BART called on artists to submit stories for a contest. 翻译：湾区快速交通系统呼吁艺术家为比赛提交故事。 8. submission n. 提交物；参赛作品 例句：They’ve received about 120 submissions for the story contest. 翻译：他们已收到约 120 份故事比赛的参赛作品。 9. transit n. 公共交通；运输系统 例句：Ridership on transit systems has declined over the past half-century. 翻译：过去半个世纪，公共交通系统的客流量有所下降。 10. agency n. 机构；代理 例句：Transit agencies are improving rider experience with short stories. 翻译：交通机构正通过短篇故事改善乘客体验。 11. classic adj. 经典的 例句：Some printed stories are classic short works from literature. 翻译：部分打印的故事是文学经典短篇作品。 12. length n. 长度；时长 例句：Riders can choose a 1-minute, 3-minute, or 5-minute story length. 翻译：乘客可选择 1 分钟、3 分钟或 5 分钟时长的故事。 13. improve v. 改善；提升 例句：Transit agencies do everything to improve the rider experience. 翻译：交通机构竭尽全力改善乘客体验。 14. ridership n. 客流量；乘客量 例句：Ridership on transit systems has been down for 50 years. 翻译：公共交通系统的客流量已下降 50 年。 15. contest n. 竞赛；比赛 例句：Artists were invited to submit stories for a local contest. 翻译：艺术家被邀请为本地竞赛提交故事。 第三次阅读：精读文章，寻觅佳句好句 1. 定语从句 + 宾语从句嵌套结构 You enter the fare gates and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and tells you (that) you can get 1-minute, 3-minute, or 5-minute stories. 语法分析 （1）并列主干：You enter... and you’ll see a kiosk. （2）复合修饰： “that is lit up and tells you” 为定语从句，修饰先行词 “kiosk”，关系代词 that 在从句中作主语； 从句内嵌套宾语从句 “(that) you can get stories”，作动词 “tells” 的宾语，引导词 that 可省略； 2. 现在完成时 + 时间状语从句 Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories since the program was launched last March. 语法分析 （1）主干结构：Riders have printed stories.（现在完成时，强调动作对现在的影响） （2）时间状语： “since the program was launched” 为时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，符合 “since + 过去时，主句完成时” 的时态规则； “last March” 为具体时间点，强化时间背景； 3. 应用文好句积累与背诵（适用于创新等题材） 原句： “Transit agencies are doing everything to improve rider experience—even offering short stories—to attract more commuters.” 翻译： “交通机构正竭尽全力改善乘客体验 —— 甚至提供短篇故事 —— 以吸引更多通勤者。” 场景价值： 议论文论证：用于 “创新与服务” 主题，如：“As BART shows, small innovations like story kiosks can transform mundane commutes. When agencies prioritize experience over mere transport, ridership naturally grows.”（“如湾区快速交通系统所示，故事亭等小创新能改变平凡的通勤。当机构将体验置于单纯的运输之上时，客流量自然会增长”）； 建议信模板：给市政部门的建议：“Implementing similar programs could mimic BART’s success: a little creativity in public transit goes a long way.” 4. 应用文好句积累与背诵（适用于文化传播等题材） 原句： “From classic tales to local artists’ works, these kiosks turn transit hubs into mini literary venues—proof that culture can thrive in unexpected places.” 翻译： “从经典故事到本地艺术家的作品，这些小亭将交通枢纽变为迷你文学场所 —— 证明文化能在意想不到的地方蓬勃发展。” 场景价值： 用于推广文化的场景，如：“Inspired by BART’s kiosks, the student council placed poetry dispensers in school halls, turning busy corridors into spaces for literary discovery.”（“受湾区快速交通系统小亭的启发，学生会在学校大厅放置诗歌分发机，将繁忙的走廊变为文学探索空间”）； 演讲稿升华：结尾段呼吁：“Let’s remember: every station, every street can be a canvas for culture—if we have the vision to see it.” 第四次阅读：短文填词，检验语法情况 Have you ever arrived at the train station only 1. ____________ (realize) you forgot reading material? While phones are handy, many still prefer printed words. In the San Francisco Bay Area, BART has a solution: story kiosks. “Upon entering fare gates, you’ll spot a lit-up kiosk 2. ____________ (display) options for 1-, 3-, or 5-minute stories,” explains Alicia Trost, BART’s chief communications officer. “Select your desired length, and it generates a receipt-like story 3. ____________ (print) on recycled paper.” Since the program 4. ____________ (launch) last March, riders 5. ____________ (print) nearly 20,000 stories, a mix of classics and originals. Trost aims to connect local writers with commuters:“We held a contest 6. ____________ Bay Area artists submitted works. Winning stories 7. ____________ (feature) in the kiosk, turning authors into published creators.” With transit ridership declining nationwide, Trost believes micro-stories can enhance the commute. “Transit agencies are constantly 8. ____________ (seek) ways to improve experiences. These stories don’t just entertain—they create a unique, memorable journey,” she says. The kiosks prove that even in a digital age, the power of a well-told story remains 9. ____________ (match). So next time you travel, look for the glowing kiosk—you’ll never be without 10. ____________ to read. 相同主题重现 体会主题奥秘 1. 2025年安徽合肥模拟 In early August, the sandy hills along the coast of La Libertad, in northern Peru, are alive with bluish-purple fruit. The region, thought unsuitable for blueberries just over a decade ago, is now placing Peru at the forefront of the global blueberry market. Alvaro Espinoza, an agricultural engineer, was among the first to experiment with blueberries in Peru 15 years ago, when the fruit was unknown in the country. “People called me crazy,” he recalls. Since then, Peru’s blueberry industry has been growing rapidly, from planting only a few hundred acres of blueberries in 2012 to the world’s top exporter of fresh blueberries for the last five years. Inspired by the success of their Chilean neighbors, Peruvian entrepreneurs began exploring a local blueberry market in the early 2000s. However, conventional wisdom held that blueberries needed temperatures below 45℉ to thrive, which the Peruvian coast lacks. Peruvian entrepreneur Carlos Gereda, a pioneer in the industry, began traveling to Chile in 2006 to learn about blueberries. On one of his trips, he brought back 14 varieties to test in Peru’s desert. It took him two years to find the right one, named Biloxi. With this variety identified, he invested $300 to start a company that became a Peruvian blueberry leader, helping Peru’s blueberry industry expand to over 49,000acres. Today, Peru exports over twice as many blueberries as its nearest competitors, with over half heading to the US, where the country supplies 40% of fresh imports. But last year, this boom faced its first setback. A major heat wave driven by an El Nino event hit northern Peru, severely damaging blueberry crops and causing a 25% drop in production. This experience has accelerated efforts to develop new, genetically improved blueberry varieties that can thrive in even hotter climates. To create these robust varieties, scientists develop new seeds and evaluate them over years to select the best individuals. They aim to create beat-tolerant plants and produce “jumbo” berries-one inch or larger-to meet global demand. 1. Why did people initially think blueberries couldn’t row in Peru? A．The soil was too salty for blueberries. B．The climate was thought to be unsuitable. C．Peru lacked the right equipment for farming. D．Blueberries were unknown to people in the country. 2. How did Carlos Gerda contribute to Peru’s blueberry industry? A．He promoted Pera’s blueberries in global markets. B．He found a suitable blueberry variety for Peruvian climate. C．He carried out researches into blueberry farming in the US. D．He created heat-tolerant plants and produced “jumbo” berries. 3. What major challenge did Peru’s blueberry industry face last year? A．A shortage of new blueberry varieties. B．A new competitor entering the market. C．Unusually hot temperature reducing the blueberry output. D．A significant decrease in global demand for fresh blueberries. 4. What does the undealined word “robust” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Fast-growing B．Good-quality. C．High in demand. D．Strong and adaptable. 2. 2025年湖北武汉模拟 With a symbolic toast posture and a graceful bow, Song Haoming and Fu Junxi, both born in 2010s from China, 11-year-old and 12-year-old respectively, launched into a fluid yet powerful performance. Blending the agility of “Drunken Fist” and the movements of Tai Chi, the young duo has fused traditional kung fu with Hip-Hop dancing moves, making history by reaching the top four at the Juste Debout 2025 global finals, the best result ever for a Chinese team. Juste Debout, known as the “the world’s biggest street-dance competition,” attracts top-tier dancers from around the world. Despite facing elite competition, Song and Fu, advanced to the quarter finals in the Hip Hop category of the competition.The official Juste Debout’s Instagram account praised the duo: “Song Haoming and Fu Junxi from China fought like warriors on the Juste Debout stage — fearless, relentless, and unstoppable. From the first round to the TOP 4, they gave everything. Pure heart. Pure fire. This wasn’t just a dance show — it was a statement.” Fu’s mother, Jia, told the Global Times the international response “exceeded her expectations.” When asked why the pair chose to incorporate Chinese elements into their routine, Fu explained, “This was our own idea.” According to Fu, he is a fan of wuxia culture while Song comes from a martial arts family. “When Song suggested adding Chinese elements such as Drunken Fist, Tai Chi, and Wing Chun into our performance, I immediately agreed. Street dance comes from the West, but we are Chinese. We want to bring our culture into it and show the world Chinese culture’s strength,” Fu told the Global Times. For both of them, the future is still full of possibilities. In addition to kung fu and street dance, many more opportunities await. Looking ahead, Song ,the Chinese dancer, longs to incorporate more ethnic influences into his performance. Fu wants to explore more new creative fusions, such as incorporating lion dancing and other traditional Chinese arts into his performances to help spread Chinese culture. “There’s so much more to explore, and we’re just getting started.” 1. According to the article, which of the following is a reason for Song and Fu to incorporate Chinese elements into their performance? A．They want to win the competition at all costs. B．Their roots of being born in China make them do so. C．Both of them have a strong connection with martial arts. D．They simply want to boast about their knowledge of Chinese culture. 2. What can be inferred from the article about street-dance competitions in the future? A．It will decline with traditional art promotion. B．It will be dominated by Chinese dancers due to their unique styles. C．It will increase cultural fusion influenced by performers like Song and Fu. D．It will be losing original charm as they keep incorporating new elements. 3. What kind of personalities do Song and Fu probably have according to the article? A．Conservative and cautious. B．Aggressive and impulsive. C．Indifferent and self-centered. D．Creative and culturally-conscious. 4. What is the main purpose of the article? A．To narrate their cultural-dance blend and prospect for it. B．To praise the outstanding dancing skills of Song and Fu. C．To highlight the importance of spreading Chinese kung fu. D．To introduce the rules and significance of the competition. 3. 2025年湖南长沙模拟 Back in February, sophomore Jackie Hsiao of the UR Fencing Club competed in the 2025 Fencing Junior Olympics in Charlotte, NC, which was the summit of her six years of preparation and her first national-level competition against superior fencers. Hsiao’s fencing journey began at a summer camp before her eighth grade year. Despite spending long hours sweating in fencing gear and competing against more experienced opponents, which left her tired and frustrated, her time at camp awakened her interest in the sport, which she later pursued. In high school, Hsiao found a welcoming community of fencers and coaches, some of whom also went to participate in February’s Junior Olympics. She developed and refined her skills with the foil, the smallest and lightest fencing weapon targeting the body. In her senior year, Hsiao suffered a devastating ACL tear (前交叉韧带撕裂), which put her fencing career in danger. “I thought I would never get back into fencing,” she said. After surgery and nine months of punishing physical therapy two to three times a week, Hsiao began fencing again. Regarding the changes to her fencing after the injury, Hsiao noted, “I’ve always been a more defensive fencer so my fencing hasn’t changed too much after my injury. I do have to think more about getting my back leg under me while I fence.” Beyond the physical alterations to her style, Hsiao spoke on the mental adjustments for high-level competitions. She emphasized the importance of positive thinking and mental preparation, saying, “If you think you’re going to do badly, it does have an impact on how you fence.” Moreover, from recent meets, including the Junior Olympics, she learned to “trust instincts (直觉) and avoid overthinking during matches.” Hsiao also revealed the life lessons fencing has taught her, saying, “Not giving up is key and losing is one of the best ways to learn.” Her next goal in fencing is to continue competing at a national level and earn a rating from the United States Fencing Association through tournament victories. 1. What inspired Hsiao to engage in the fencing career initially? A．The influence of superior Olympic fencers. B．The supportive community in high school. C．Her desire to win national competitions. D．Her experience at a summer camp. 2. What impact did the ACL tear have on Hsiao? A．It caused her to adopt a more attacking style. B．It forced her to develop a habit of overthinking. C．It led her to focus more on physical adjustments. D．It completely ended her competitive fencing career. 3. Which of the following best describes Hsiao? A．Reflective and flexible. B．Cautious and hesitant. C．Talented and humble. D．Innovative and responsible. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Mental Evolution: Hsiao’s Road to Positive Thinking B．The Rise of a National Champion: Jackie Hsiao’s Comeback C．Beyond the Limits: Balancing Training and Recovery in Fencing D．From Recovery to Recognition: A Fencer’s Journey of Perseverance 4. 2025年广东佛山模拟 Suzanne Donohoe, a top manager, started the month with a 10-day business trip through Asia. Back in New York, her husband, Matt Donohoe, was helping their three teenagers begin a new school year. That was no simple task. Though the children are close in age, each goes to a different school and has different after-school activities. Matt drove their 13-year-old to hockey practices and took all three children for a tournament. In between, there were groceries to buy, meals to prepare and homework to assist with. It was all in a day’s work for Matt, who quit his job to help out at home. He is part of a quiet but growing group of men who manage responsibilities at home while their wives climb to top positions in finance. According to a 2023 report, Dads represented 18% of stay-at-home parents in 2021, up from 11% in 1989. Wall Street has long struggled to promote and keep women. A hotly competitive industry that demands long hours, frequent travel and the need to be on call constantly, it has been an unwelcoming environment for women, particularly those with children. Managing the arrangements is a challenging task. Women leaders in finance say that having a partner who stays home can relieve that burden. The disheartening part of the message is that you can’t achieve if one parent isn’t at home. For the men, being a househusband can come with a negative perception: Society often still assumes men will be the bigger earners and women the main caregivers. Not all men are as comfortable in the position. One stay-at-home dad says he sometimes tells other men that he manages real estate — technically true because the family owns a few buildings. He says he can identify other men in similar roles when they say they “run a small investment fund.” “We’re all out there, but we can’t say anything about it,” he says. Paul Sullivan, a stay-at-home dad, has been trying to change that. He founded a group called the Company of Dads, but he found no support groups for men in his position. He reached out for advice. Some said people sometimes made fun of the househusbands, calling them names like “Mr. Mom.” “Two things can be true at once,” Sullivan says. “Moms can be discriminated against in the workplace, and dads can be afraid to take a lead role at home.” 1. What phenomenon is described in paragraph 1? A．Mothers’ greater contribution to the family. B．Children’s pressure from after-school activities. C．Fathers’ more involvement in household duties. D．Fathers’ poor performance in time management. 2. What is the writing purpose of paragraph 3? A．To oppose the competitive nature of Wall Street. B．To describe challenges women face in their careers. C．To suggest men should stay at home to support women. D．To show how househusbands help their wives succeed. 3. What can be inferred about the stay-at-home dads from paragraph 4&5? A．They are widely accepted as main caregivers. B．They are proud of being stay-at-home parents. C．They try to play down their caregiving roles. D．They struggle to balance work and family. 4. What is people’s attitude to Sullivan’s initiative? A．Appreciative. B．Ambiguous. C．Tolerant. D．Disapproving. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$