Unit 1 Section D 人与社会之文学、艺术与体育 相关题型训练-训练3 -2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

2025-2026学年度高三英语总复习系列题型专项复习 「Unit 1 阅读理解题型训练」 「Section D 人与社会之文学、艺术与体育 相关题型训练-训练3」 经典题目精读 把握最佳练习 第一次阅读：完成题目，按照考试节奏 2024年全国甲卷 英语高考真题 Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages. Light Awash in Watercolor Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light. Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials. Wheel Throwing Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece! Knitting and Pom-Pom Making Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织). 1. What do we know about ARTS FIRST? A．It is an exhibition of oil paintings. B．It offers art courses for all ages. C．It presents recreational activities. D．It is a major tourist attraction. 2. Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures? A．Light Awash in Watercolor. B．Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity. C．Wheel Throwing. D．Knitting and Pom-Pom Making. 3. What can you do together with Javier Marin? A．Practice a traditional dance. B．Make handcrafts. C．Visit a local museum. D．Feed invertebrates. 第二次阅读：识记单词，掌握英语基础 1. celebration n. 庆典；庆祝活动 例句：Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. 翻译：每一届ARTS FIRST艺术节都是对哈佛社区艺术创造力的独特年度庆典。 2. creativity n. 创造力；创造性 例句：We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community. 翻译：我们期待迎接您，共同展示哈佛艺术社区的创造力。 3. showcase v. 展示；陈列 例句：We showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. 翻译：我们通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动展示哈佛艺术社区的创造力。 4. exhibition n. 展览；展览会 例句：Try painting tricks used by artists in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990. 翻译：尝试在即将举办的 “1880-1990 年美国水彩画：走进光明” 展览中，艺术家们使用的绘画技巧。 5. watercolor n. 水彩画；水彩颜料 例句：Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts. 翻译：与专家一同了解水彩颜料的材料和特性。 6. material n. 材料；素材 例句：Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint. 翻译：了解水彩颜料的材料和特性。 7. quality n. 性质；特性；质量 例句：Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint. 翻译：了解水彩颜料的材料和特性。 8. expert n. 专家；行家 例句：Learn with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. 翻译：与哈佛艺术博物馆材料实验室的专家们一同学习。 9. invertebrate n. 无脊椎动物 例句：Invertebrates create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. 翻译：无脊椎动物创造了自然界中最精致美丽的一些设计。 10. demonstration n. 演示；示范 例句：Join instructors for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. 翻译：加入导师的行列，观看使用陶轮的演示。 11. masterpiece n. 杰作；代表作 例句：Then create your own masterpiece! 翻译：然后创作你自己的杰作！ 12. ceramics n. 陶瓷艺术；制陶术 例句：Join instructors from the Ceramics Program. 翻译：加入陶瓷项目的导师们（的活动）。 13. craft n. 工艺；手工艺 例句：Make your own spineless artists out of craft materials. 翻译：用手工艺材料制作你自己的“无脊椎艺术家”。 14. knitting n. 编织；针织术 例句：Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle. 翻译：加入哈佛本科生编织社团。 15. potter n. 陶工；陶艺家 例句：Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations. 翻译：加入陶瓷项目的导师和来自昆西、卡博特及马瑟学院的优秀陶工，观看陶轮使用演示。 第三次阅读：精读文章，寻觅佳句好句 1. 复合句结构：时间状语从句+非谓语动词 We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. 语法分析 （1）主干结构：“We look forward to welcoming you”，使用 “look forward to doing” 固定搭配； （2）修饰成分 “as” 引导时间状语从句，从句中 “through + 名词短语” 作方式状语； 非谓语动词 “showcase” 用原形，与主语 “we” 构成主动关系。 2. 多从句嵌套：宾语从句 + 时间状语从句 Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft materials. 语法分析 （1）主干结构：为祈使句 “Join Javier Marin...to learn...”，“to learn” 为目的状语； （2）修饰成分 “how” 引导宾语从句，作 “learn” 的宾语，从句内并列谓语 “dance, inspire, create” 保持时态一致； “while making...” 为时间状语从句的省略形式，完整结构为 “while you are making”。 3. 应用文好句积累与背诵（适用于邀请信等题材） We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. 我们邀请您加入即将到来的 ARTS FIRST 艺术节。 4. 应用文好句积累与背诵（适用于邀请信等题材） Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel, then create your own masterpiece! 加入陶瓷项目的导师和来自昆西、卡博特及马瑟学院的优秀陶工，观看使用陶轮的演示，然后创作你自己的杰作！ 可用于描述 “参与工作坊—学习技能—创作成果” 的过程，突出实践体验。 语法句可模仿从句嵌套结构，提升作文句式复杂度； 应用文可直接套用“invite sb. to join”“join...for demonstrations”等句型； 第四次阅读：短文填词，检验语法情况 ARTS FIRST, an annual celebration of Harvard’s artistic vitality, 1. ____________ (invite) you to its upcoming edition. 2. ____________ (showcase) performances, exhibitions, and hands-on workshops, the festival aims to unite Harvard and the public through creative expression. Light Awash in Watercolor Led by experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab, this session explores watercolor’s unique qualities. Participants will experiment with techniques used by artists 3. ___________ works feature in American Watercolors 1880–1990: Into the Light. Dive into pigment properties and master tricks 4. ___________ (use) by renowned painters. Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to uncover how insects and other invertebrates inspire art. From spider webs to cocoons, discover nature’s designs and recreate them 5. ____________ craft materials. This interactive workshop blends biology 6. ____________ creativity, inviting you to make "spineless artists" of your own. Wheel Throwing Watch master potters from Quincy, Cabot, and Mather Houses demonstrate wheel throwing, then try 7. ____________ (you) hand at creating ceramic masterpieces. Instructors from the Ceramics Program will guide you through the process, 8. ____________ (ensure) a rewarding experience. Knitting and Pom-Pom Making Hosted by the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle, this session offers two paths: learn to knit with needles or craft pom-poms and tassels from thread. No experience 9. ____________ (require)—just bring your creativity! These events, designed 10. ____________ (bridge) art and everyday life, prove that creativity knows no bounds. Join us for ARTS FIRST and let your imagination flourish! 相同主题重现 体会主题奥秘 1. 2025年广东深圳模拟 “We were amazed at what we were seeing on a hot summer's day, when a group of people with Parkinson's disease (帕金森病) began rock climbing on the Carderock Cliffs of Maryland. Yes, rock climbing! It's all part of their therapy (疗法),”says Molly Cupka, the no-nonsense instructor and cheerleader for this community of courageous climbers. She started this program, called Up ENDing Parkinson's, as a non-profit 12 years ago. There's no cure for Parkinson's disease, which usually affects mobility, coordination, balance, and even speech. Jon Lessin was diagnosed (诊断) in 2003. He was once an all-around athlete. About 12 years ago, he retired because of Parkinson's disease. It was Lessin who first had that big idea to use rock climbing as a therapy for Parkinson's disease.“I wanted to do big-movement exercise,”he said.“And I found Molly Cupka at this gym.” Lessin proposed the idea to Molly Cupka, who runs the Sportrock Climbing Centers in Alexandria, Virginia. She thought it was worth a try, given the sport requires participants to plan ahead, and to know where to position their hands and feet.“I wish I could go into the brain and see what's happening while people climb,”Molly Cupka said. There's no evidence that climbing slows the progress of Parkinson's disease, but Molly Cupka joined forces with Marymount University last year to study patients climbing for the first time.“We have people literally walking and carrying weights, you know, walking and looking, multitasking,”she said, The study found that, in so many words, if you climb, you may walk better. Marymount University's Center for Optimal Aging studies on physical and psychosocial effects of rock climbing on individuals with Parkinson's disease. Mark de Mulder, a musician and former director of the National Geospatial Program, doesn't need a study to prove what climbing does for him.“It allows me to say, ‘All right, take that, Parkinson's! I'm doing this!' It just makes me feel stronger, and I'm fighting it. I'm doing something about it.” Many of the climbers have become friends who climb together several times a week, and they've become a support group, Parkinson's Pals, who encourage each other. 1. How may people feel when seeing those with Parkinson's disease rock climbing? A．Astonished. B．Confused. C．Annoyed. D．Embarrassed. 2. Why did Molly Cupka decide to try rock climbing therapy? A．It's a low-impact exercise. B．It requires no planning. C．It involves multitasking. D．It's an individual activity. 3. What did the study reveal about rock climbing to people with Parkinson's disease? A．It improves their social life. B．It boosts their walking ability. C．It completely cures the disease. D．It slows the progress of the disease. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Rock Climbing as a Sport B．Living with Parkinson's Disease C．The Impact of Exercise on Parkinson's Disease D．Fighting Parkinson's Disease with Rock Climbing 2. 2025年福建厦门模拟 At the Paris 2024 Olympics, sport climbing featured two medal events for men and women: Speed and a combined Boulder & Lead event. Behind the scenes, there is a crucial but often unseen figure — Martin Hammerer, head of the experienced team responsible for the Lead routes, who has been setting routes internationally since 2007. “The actual design took place at the climbing wall. The International Federation of Sport Climbing (IFSC) pre-selected the material, which we then used to set the routes,”Hammerer explained when asked about his work in Paris.“We started with the finals — which was the highlight — and worked backward to the semi-finals. After completing a route, we photographed it, removed and stored the holds for later use.” The focus for the routesetters is to offer a challenging but also fair competition. Routes for the combined Boulder & Lead event were carefully designed to ensure that specialists in one discipline didn't have an unfair advantage.“Our aim is to offer a balanced competition,”Hammerer said.“For the podiums (领奖台), the athletes have to be really strong in both disciplines.” Routesetting relies heavily on the team's creativity. The style has changed over the past 15 years, with today's routes looser and more dynamic.“The materials and structures have also changed greatly,”Hammerer said.“Every season we adapt to the athletes anew.” Routesetting used to be quite independent and greatly influenced climbing style.“But now, federations set training routes for athletes. When we see this on social media, we get new input for our work,”Hammerer reflected. As Hammerer once said,“Climbers evolve, and so must we.”He continues to shape the future of climbing — one route, one challenge, one story at a time. 1. What does Hammerer do? A．He competes in sport climbing events. B．He coaches athletes for the Olympics. C．He designs routes for sport climbing. D．He judges climbing competitions. 2. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The materials used for route setting. B．The process of setting climbing routes. C．The criteria for routes of varied levels. D．The location selected for route setting. 3. How did Hammerer's team achieve their aim? A．By balancing innovation and adaptation. B．By sticking to federations' training routes. C．By promoting their concept through social media. D．By disciplining themselves to follow strict guidelines. 4. What message does Hammerer convey in the last paragraph? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Change is the only constant. C．Slow and steady wins the race. D．Actions speak louder than words. 3. 2025年陕西宝鸡模拟 Our bodies were designed for near constant activity and yet, most of us today have trouble finding time to exercise. This is really unfortunate, considering the fact that physical exercise has been shown time and time again to help treat depression, which a record number of people suffer from. According to the researchers from the University of Connecticut (UConn), you don't need hours at the gym to cheer up. Simply getting out of the chair and taking a walk around can reduce depression and give you a general state of well-being. “We hope this research helps people realize the important public health message that simply going from doing no physical activity to performing some physical activity can improve their subjective well-being,”says Gregory Panza, the study's lead author.“What is even better news for the physically inactive person is that they do not need to exercise a lot to see these improvements,”Panza continues.“Instead, our results show you will achieve the best result with light or moderate (强度适中) physical activity.” This is particularly encouraging news as“light physical activity”is basically walking—simple, standard walking, the kind where you don't sweat or notice an increase in breathing or heart rate. And the standard“moderate physical activity”is walking a 15-20 minute mile with a slight increase in breathing and heart rate — while you are still able to hold a conversation — as well as mild sweating. Still, the researchers note that all participants of the study had a generally positive sense of wellbeing and were generally physically active, so their answers should be explained with that in mind. In addition, the study only analyzed one point in time. A longitudinal study (纵向研究), which tracks people over time, would offer a better look at the relationship between exercise and mood. 1. What does the underlined word“This”refer to in paragraph 1? A．Everyone is always so busy. B．Cut body needs constant activity. C．Many people suffer from depression. D．It is hard for people to find time to exercise. 2. What can we learn from the research? A．Its results aren't what people for. B．Hard physical exercise is not recommended. C．Even a small amount of exercise should be valued. D．Physically active people benefit most from exercise. 3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Their research has limitations. B．Another study has found the opposite. C．Further study will be conducted soon. D．The research failed due to inadequate preparation. 4. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．Cheer yourself up B．Feeling down? Walk it off! C．Overcome your problems D．Be optimistic about your health 4. 2025年江苏扬州模拟 When the 2024 Summer Olympics kicked off in Paris, the city went for the wow factor, for the opening ceremony didn't take place in a stadium but — bucking tradition — outside on the River Seine. Bathed in myth and memory, the Seine is the lifeblood of the city that sprang up on its banks. From its source in Burgundy, the Seine flows 483 miles to reach the sea at Le Havre, with the capital sitting nearly in the middle. The River's layout within Paris has undergone changes over time, its course altered by constant floods, its branches and channels ultimately flowing into the snakelike riverbed we know today. It was near the Seine's banks at Bercy that evidence of the city's first human settlement was discovered. The earliest fixed settlement was the Neolithic site at the Bercy archaeological dig from 1991 to 1992.“Situated on a branch, or canal, of the Seine, the village had been well preserved under layers of sediment left by floods,”says Sylvie Robin, a museum director. The city's beloved stone quays were built over the centuries for the city's beautification. The quays also served to channel the river and attempt to constrain flooding. As the mighty river fueled industry and empire, dams, locks, bridges, and later factories forever altered its flowing patterns. For millennia, life was lived on the river. The Seine's banks were a gathering place for work and leisure. However, a different approach to urban planning in the 20th century began to separate the public from the river. In the 1960s, highways were constructed directly on the water's edge. The quays even changed into parking lots. The tide turned in 2013 when the city government decided to pedestrianize the motorway on the Left Bank. Cyclists and walkers returned to the quays, enjoying new facilities such as climbing walls and floating gardens. A riverside park on the Right Bank's motorway followed in 2016. The much boasted $1.5 billion Olympic Games river cleanup project is the peak of years of investment. 1. What does the underlined word“bucking”in paragraph 1 mean? A．Integrating. B．Resisting. C．Highlighting. D．Embracing. 2. What can we learn about the River Seine according to the text? A．The earliest settlements were unearthed along the Seine. B．The River Seine, flowing through Paris, shaped the city. C．Floods rarely affected the River Seine and its population. D．The Olympics made the Seine a popular tourist attraction. 3. Why were the stone quays built along the River Seine? ①To defend against attacks. ②To develop the transport. ③To control the floods. ④To channel the river. ⑤To beautify the surroundings. ⑥To support the Olympics. A．①②④ B．②③⑥ C．③④⑤ D．①⑤⑥ 4. What does the last paragraph highlight? A．People used to have fun living along the Seine. B．Urbanization has transformed life on the Seine. C．Human activities harmed the Seine's ecosystem. D．The Paris government aims to energize the Seine. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年度高三英语总复习系列题型专项复习 「Unit 1 阅读理解题型训练」 「Section D 人与社会之文学、艺术与体育 相关题型训练-训练3」 答 案 经典题目精读 把握最佳练习 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了ARTS FIRST艺术节的相关艺术展览和艺术制作活动，并且邀请热爱的学生或社区成员加入。 1. C 题型：推理判断题 根据文章第一段的“We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances,art exhibitions and art-making activities.(我们期待着您的到来，我们将通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界的创造力。)”以及下文的四个小标题"Light Awash in Watercolor(水彩中的淡光)”;“Spineless Artists:Invertebrate Creativity(没有骨气的艺术家：无脊椎的创造力)”,"Wheel Throwing(投掷轮子)”和“Knitting and Pom-Pom Making(编织和制作毛绒球)”可推知，ARTS FIRST是提供娱乐活动的。故选C项。 2. A 题型：细节理解题 根据文章"Light Awash in Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”部分中的“Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab.Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880—1990:Into the Light.(与哈佛艺术博物馆材料实验室的专家一起了解水彩颜料的材料和质量。在即将到来的“1880—1990年美国水彩画：进入光”展览中，尝试一下艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧。)”可知，如果对画画感兴趣，可以参加Light Awash in Watercolor。故选A项。 3. B 题型：细节理解题 根据文章"Spineless Artists:Invertebrate Creativity(无脊椎艺术家：无脊椎动物的创造力)”部分中的“"Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of History to learn how insects and other Natural invertebrates dance,inspire fashion and create art,while making your own spineless artists out of craft materials.(和哈佛历史博物馆的Javier Marin一起学习昆虫和其他自然无脊椎动物是如何跳舞、启发时尚和创造艺术的。同时用手工材料制作你自己的无脊椎艺术家。)”可知，参与者能跟Javier Marin一起进行手工制作。故选B项。 全文翻译： 每届ARTS FIRST艺术节都是对哈佛社区艺术创造力的独特年度庆典。我们诚邀您加入即将到来的艺术节，通过表演、艺术展览和创作活动，共同见证哈佛艺术群体的创意风采。本次艺术节面向哈佛师生及各年龄段的社区成员，为公众开放。 《水彩流光：沉浸色彩之境》 跟随哈佛艺术博物馆材料实验室的专家，探索水彩颜料的材质与特性。您将尝试艺术家们在即将开展的《1880-1990美国水彩画：走向光明》展览中使用的绘画技巧，亲手体验水彩创作的奥秘。 《无骨艺术家：无脊椎动物的创意密码》 从蛛网到茧房，无脊椎动物创造了自然界中最精巧美丽的设计。哈佛自然历史博物馆的哈维尔・马林（Javier Marin）将带您了解昆虫与其他无脊椎动物如何通过 “舞蹈” 启发时尚、孕育艺术。您还可以用手工材料创作属于自己的 “无骨艺术家” 作品。 《轮盘制陶工作坊》 加入陶艺项目导师及来自昆西、卡博特和马瑟宿舍楼的陶艺大师行列，观看陶轮演示并亲手创作专属 “杰作”！ 《编织与绒球制作体验》 携手哈佛本科生编织社团，用毛线制作绒球与流苏，或拿起织针学习基础编织技艺。 第四次阅读：短文填词，检验语法情况 1. invites 考查动词时态。主语 ARTS FIRST 为单数，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，故填 invites。 2. Showcasing 考查非谓语动词。festival 与 showcase 为主动关系，用现在分词作状语，表伴随，故填 Showcasing。 3. whose 考查定语从句。先行词 artists 指人，在从句中作 works 的定语，用关系代词 whose 引导，故填 whose。 4. used 考查非谓语动词。tricks 与 use 为被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，相当于 that are used，故填 used。 5. with 考查介词。表 "用工艺材料"，with 表示工具或材料，故填 with。 6. with 考查介词。blend A with B 为固定搭配，表 "将A与B融合"，故填 with。 7. your 考查代词。修饰名词 hand 用形容词性物主代词，故填 your。 8. ensuring 考查非谓语动词。instructors 与 ensure 为主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，表自然结果，故填 ensuring。 9. is required 考查动词时态和语态。experience 与 require 为被动关系，陈述客观情况用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 is required。 10. to bridge 考查非谓语动词。be designed to do sth. 为固定结构，表 "旨在做某事"，用不定式作目的状语，故填 to bridge。 相同主题重现 体会主题奥秘 第1篇 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一群帕金森病患者通过攀岩进行治疗的故事。 1. A 题型：细节理解题 根据第一段"We were amazed at what we were seeing on a hot summer's day,when a group of people with Parkinson's disease(帕金森病)began rock climbing on the Carderock Ciffs of Maryland.(在一个炎热的夏天，当一群帕金森病患者开始在马里兰州的卡德罗克悬崖上攀岩时，我们对我们所看到的感到惊讶)”可知，人们看到帕金森病患者攀岩会感到惊讶。故选A。 2. C 题型：推理判断题 根据第三段"She thought it was worth a try,given the sport requires participants to plan ahead,and to know where to position their hands and feet."I wish I could go into the brain and see what's happening while people climb,"Molly Cupka said.(她认为值得一试，因为这项运动要求参与者提前计划，并知道手脚的位置。“我希望我能进入大脑，看看人们在攀登时发生了什么,”Molly Cupka说)”以及第四段”"We have people literally walking and carrying weights,you know,walking and looking,multitasking,"she said,The study found that,in so many words,if you climb,you may walk better.(她说：“我们让人们一边走路一边负重，你知道，一边走路一边看，一心多用。”研究发现，总而言之，如果你爬山，你可能会走得更好)”可推知，Molly Cupka决定尝试用攀岩治疗帕金森病是因为攀岩需要提前规划，并且涉及多任务处理。故选C。 3. B 题型：细节理解题 根据第四段“”We have people literally walking and carrying weights,you know,walking and looking,multitasking,"she said,The study found that,in so many words,if you climb,you may walk better.(她说：“我们让人们一边走路一边负重，你知道，一边走路一边看，一心多用。”研究发现，总而言之，如果你爬山，你可能会走得更好)”可知，研究发现，攀岩能提高帕金森病患者的行走能力。故选B。 4. D 题型：主旨大意题 通读全文，尤其第一段”"We were amazed at what we were seeing on a hot summer's day,when a group of people with Parkinson's disease(帕金森病)began rock climbing on the Carderock Ciffs of Maryland.Yes, rock climbing! It's all part of their therapy (疗法),”says Molly Cupka,the no-nonsense instructor and cheerleader for this community of courageous climbers.She started this program,called Up ENDing Parkinson's,as a non-profit 12 years ago.(“在一个炎热的夏天，当一群帕金森病患者开始在马里兰州的卡德罗克悬崖上攀岩时，我们对我们所看到的感到惊讶。是的，攀岩!这都是他们治疗的一部分，”莫莉·库普卡(Molly Cupka)说，她是这个勇敢的登山者社区的严肃教练和啦啦队长。”)可知，文章主要讲述了一群帕金森病患者通过攀岩进行治疗，展现了他们与疾病抗争的过程。所以D选项“用攀岩对抗帕金森病”符合文章大意，故选D。 全文翻译： “那个酷暑天，我们目睹一群帕金森病患者在马里兰州卡德勒克悬崖攀岩时，简直惊叹不已 —— 没错，就是攀岩！这竟是他们治疗的一部分。” 莫莉・卡普卡（Molly Cupka）说道，她是这群勇敢攀登者的硬核教练兼啦啦队长。12 年前，她创立了非营利项目 “向上终结帕金森”（Up ENDing Parkinson's）。 帕金森病尚无根治方法，通常会影响行动能力、协调性、平衡感甚至语言功能。乔恩・莱辛（Jon Lessin）2003 年被确诊，这位曾无所不能的运动员在 12 年前因病情退休。正是莱辛最先萌生将攀岩作为帕金森疗法的大胆想法：“我想做大幅度肢体运动，于是在健身房找到了莫莉・卡普卡。” 莱辛向运营弗吉尼亚州亚历山德里亚 Sportrock 攀岩中心的卡普卡提出构想。她认为值得一试，因为攀岩需要参与者提前规划、精准控制手脚位置。“真希望能观察人们攀岩时大脑的变化。” 卡普卡说。 尽管尚无证据表明攀岩能延缓病情，但卡普卡去年联合玛丽蒙特大学对首次攀岩的患者展开研究。“人们在攀爬时需要负重行走、观察环境、多任务处理。” 研究表明，简而言之，攀岩可能有助于改善行走能力。 玛丽蒙特大学最佳衰老研究中心专注于攀岩对帕金森患者身体与心理的影响。马克・德穆尔德（Mark de Mulder）是音乐家兼前国家地理空间项目主任，他无需研究佐证攀岩的作用：“这让我能对帕金森说‘看招！我做到了！’它让我感觉更强大，我在抗争，我在行动。” 许多攀岩者已成挚友，每周相聚攀爬数次，组成 “帕金森伙伴”（Parkinson's Pals）互助小组，彼此鼓励。岩壁之上，他们不仅挑战身体极限，更用指尖的力量编织出对抗病魔的生命网络。 第2篇 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会攀岩比赛背后的关键人物—马丁·哈默尔(Martin Hammerer),他负责设计攀岩比赛的路线，并详细描述了他的工作内容、设计理念以及攀岩路线设置的发展变化。 1. C 题型：细节理解题 根据第一段中的"Behind the scenes,there is a crucial but often unseen figure—Martin Hammerer,head of the experienced team responsible for the Lead routes,who has been setting routes internationally since 2007.(在幕后，有一个关键但往往不为人知的人物——Martin Hammerer,负责Lead路线的经验丰富的团队负责人，自2007年以来一直在国际上制定路线。)”可知，Hammerer是设计运动攀岩路线的，故选C。 2. B 题型：主旨大意题 根据第二段中的"The actual design took place at the climbing wall.The International Federation of Sport Climbing (IFSC) pre-selected the material,which we then used to set the routes,"Hammerer explained when asked about his work in Paris."We started with the finals—which was the highlight—and worked backward to the semi-finals.After completing a route,we photographed it,removed and stored the holds for later use.(实际的设计是在攀岩墙上进行的。国际运动攀岩联合会(IFSC)预先选择了材料，然后我们用它来设定路线。’当被问及他在巴黎的工作时，Hammerer解释说：“我们从决赛开始——这是最精彩的部分——然后回到半决赛。在完成一条路线后，我们拍摄了它，并将其移走并储存起来以备以后使用。')”可知，Hammerer在本段解释了攀岩路线是怎样设计的。由此可知，第二段主要介绍了设置攀岩路线的过程，故选B。 3. A 题型：推理判断题 根据第四段中的“Route setting relies heavily on the team's creativity.The style has changed over the past 15 years,with today's routes looser and more dynamic.The materials and structures have also changed greatly,'Hammerer said.'Every season we adapt to the athletes anew.(路线设置在很大程度上依赖于团队的创造力。在过去的15年里，风格发生了变化，今天的路线更加宽松和充满活力。‘材料和结构也发生了很大变化，'Hammerer说：每个赛季，我们都会重新适应运动员。’)”可知，路线设置在很大程度上依赖于团队的创造力，并且每个赛季都会重新适应运动员；由此可知，Hammerer的团队通过平衡创新和适应来实现他们的目标，故选A。 4. B 题型：推理判断题 根据最后一段“As Hammerer once said,'Climbers evolve,and so must we.He continues to shape the future of climbing—one route,one challenge,one story at a time.(正如Hammerer曾经说过的那样，“登山者在进化，我们也必须进化。”他继续塑造登山的未来——条路线，一个挑战，一个故事。)”可知，Hammerer在最后一段中传达的信息是“变化是唯一不变的”,即我们要随着攀岩者的进化而进化，要不断创新和适应，故选B。 全文翻译： 在2024年巴黎奥运会上，竞技攀岩设有男女速度赛和攀石与难度综合赛两个奖牌项目。在聚光灯之外，有一位至关重要却常被忽视的人物——马丁・哈默勒，他是负责难度赛路线设计的资深团队负责人，自2007年起便活跃于国际路线设置领域。 “实际设计工作在攀岩墙现场完成。国际攀岩联合会（IFSC）预先选定器材，我们在此基础上进行路线搭建。”谈及巴黎奥运会的工作时，哈默勒解释道，“我们从最关键的决赛路线入手，再倒推设计半决赛路线。每条路线完成后，我们会拍照记录，拆除岩点并妥善存放以便后续使用。” 路线设计师的核心目标是打造兼具挑战性与公平性的竞技环境。攀石与难度综合赛的路线经过精心设计，确保单一项目的专项选手不会获得不公平优势。“我们追求的是均衡的竞技环境，”哈默勒说，“要站上领奖台，选手必须在两个项目上都具备顶尖实力。” 路线设计高度依赖团队的创造力。过去15年间，设计风格已发生显著演变，如今的路线更趋开放、更具动态感。“器材和结构也经历了重大革新，”哈默勒表示，“每个赛季我们都要重新适应选手的技术进化。” 路线设计曾一度极具独立性，深刻影响着攀岩风格的走向。“但现在各协会会为选手设置训练路线，我们在社交媒体上看到这些内容时，也会获得新的设计灵感。”哈默勒反思道。 正如他所言：“攀岩者在进化，我们也必须与时俱进。”马丁・哈默勒正以每条路线、每项挑战、每个故事，持续书写着攀岩运动的未来。 第3篇 这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了身体需要持续活动，但如今很多人没时间锻炼，而康涅狄格大学的研究表明，不需要在健身房花费数小时，只需从椅子上站起来散散步等轻度或中度的身体活动，就能改善抑郁情绪、提升幸福感，不过研究也存在一定局限性。 1. D 题型：词句猜测题 根据第一段“Our bodies were designed for near constant activity and yet,most of us today have trouble finding time to exercise.This is really unfortunate(我们的身体被设计用来接近恒定的活动，然而，今天大多数人发现很难找到时间来锻炼。这真的很不幸)”可知，我们的身体本就需要持续活动，然而如今大多数人却很难找到时间锻炼，"This”指代前文提到的“人们很难找到时间锻炼”这件事，D选项符合语境，故选D项。 2. C 题型：细节理解题 根据第三段”"What is even better news for the physically inactive person is that they do not need to exercise a lot to see these improvements,"Panza continues."Instead,our results show you will achieve the best result with light or moderate(强度适中)physical activity."(“对于不爱运动的人来说，更好的消息是他们不需要进行大量锻炼来看到这些改善。”潘扎继续说。“相反，我们的结果展示你将通过轻度或中度的身体活动获得最佳效果。”)”可知，对于缺乏身体活动的人来说，不需要大量运动就能看到改善，少量的运动(轻度或中度身体活动)就能达到最佳效果，即便是少量运动也应该被重视，故选C项。 3. A 题型：推理判断题 根据最后一段“Still,he researchers note that all participants of the study had a generally positive sense of well being and were generally physically active,so their answers should be explained with that in mind.In addition,the study only analyzed one point in time.A longitudinal study(纵向研究),which tracks people over time,would offer a better look at the relationship between exercise and mood(然而，研究人员指出，所有参与研究的人都普遍拥有积极的幸福感，并且通常都进行身体活动，因此他们的回答应该考虑到这一点。此外，这项研究只分析了某一时间点的数据。一个纵向研究(跟踪人们随时间的推移),将能更好地观察运动与情绪之间的关系)”可知，研究人员指出参与者普遍幸福感较强且身体较活跃，研究仅分析了一个时间点，说明该研究存在局限性，故选A项。 4. B 题型：主旨大意题 根据第一段“Our bodies were designed for near constant activity and yet,most of us today have trouble finding time to exercise.(我们的身体天生就是为了接近持续的活动而设计的，然而，今天大多数人却难以找到时间来锻炼”、第三段""We hope this research helps people realize the important public health message that simply going from doing no physical activity to performing some physical activity can improve their subjective well-being,"says Gregory Panza,the study's lead author."What is even better news for the physically inactive person is that they do not need to exercise a lot to see these improvements,”Panza continues."Instead,our results show you will achieve the best result with light or moderate(强度适中)physical activity.”(“我们希望这项研究能帮助人们意识到一个重要的公共卫生信息，那就是仅仅从不进行任何身体活动到进行一些身体活动，就能提高他们的主观幸福感，”研究的首席作者格雷戈里·潘扎说。“对于不爱运动的人来说，更好的消息是他们不需要进行大量锻炼来看到这些改善，”潘扎继续说。“相反，我们的结果展示你将通过轻度或中度的身体活动获得最佳效果。”)”以及最后一段“Still,the researchers note that all participants of the study had a generally positive sense of well being and were generally physically active,so their answers should be explained with that in mind.In addition,the study only analyzed one point in time.A longitudinal study(纵向研究),which tracks people overtime,would offer a better look at the relationship between exercise and mood(然而，研究人员指出，所有参与研究的人都普遍拥有积极的幸福感，并且通常都进行身体活动，因此他们的回答应该考虑到这一点。此外，这项研究只分析了某一时间点的数据。一个纵向研究(跟踪人们随时间的推移),将能更好地观察运动与情绪之间的关系)”可知，文章开篇指出人们没时间锻炼很不幸，接着阐述康涅狄格大学研究表明不需要长时间高强度锻炼，只需起身散散步等轻度或中度活动就能改善情绪、提升幸福感，最后说明研究的局限性，重点围绕运动改善情绪展开，B选项“Feeling down?Walk it off!(心情低落?走一走!)”既点明心情低落这一与抑郁相关的情绪问题，又突出通过走路这种简单运动来改善，符合主旨，故选B项。 全文翻译： 康涅狄格大学（UConn）的研究人员发现，提振心情无需泡在健身房数小时。只需从椅子上起身散散步，就能缓解抑郁情绪，提升整体幸福感。 “我们希望这项研究能让公众意识到重要的健康启示：从完全不运动到开始轻度活动，就能改善主观幸福感。”研究负责人格雷戈里・潘扎（Gregory Panza）表示，“更令人欣喜的是，缺乏运动的人无需高强度锻炼就能看到改变。我们的研究显示，轻度或中度身体活动即可达到最佳效果。” 这一发现尤为鼓舞人心，因为“轻度身体活动”基本等同于步行——简单的日常行走，无需出汗，也不会明显提升呼吸频率或心率。而标准“中度身体活动”则指每英里步行耗时15-20分钟，伴随轻微呼吸加速与心率上升（仍可正常交谈），并出现轻度出汗。 不过研究人员也指出，参与实验的对象普遍拥有积极的幸福感，且日常身体活动较为规律，因此解读结果时需考虑这一前提。此外，该研究仅分析了单一时间点的数据，若能通过纵向研究长期跟踪人群，将更清晰揭示运动与情绪的关系。 在这个久坐成习的时代，或许我们都该牢记：让身体动起来的门槛从未如此之低——推开家门走几步，或许就是对抗心灵阴霾的第一步。 第4篇 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴黎塞纳河的一些历史以及重要作用。 1. B 题型：词句猜测题 根据划线词上文“When the 2024 Summer Olympics kicked off in Paris,the city went for the wow factor,for the opening ceremony didn't take place in a stadium but(当2024年夏季奥运会在巴黎开幕时，这座城市想要创造奇迹，因为开幕式没有在体育场举行，而是…….”以及后文“outside on the River Seine(在塞纳河上)”可知，巴黎想要创造奇迹，开幕式没有在体育场举行，而是打破传统，在塞纳河上举行。故划线词意思是“抵制”。故选B。 2. B 题型：细节理解题 根据第二段“It was near the Seine’s banks at Bercy that evidence of the city's first human settlement was discovered.The earliest fixed settlement was the Neolithic site at the Bercy archaeological dig from 1991 to 1992."Situated on a branch,or canal,of the Seine,the village had been well preserved under layers of sediment left by floods,"says Sylvie Robin,a museum director.(在贝尔西的塞纳河岸边附近，人们发现了这座城市第一个人类定居点的证据。最早的固定定居点是1991年至1992年贝尔西考古挖掘的新石器时代遗址。“这个村庄位于塞纳河的一条支流或运河上，在洪水留下的沉积物层下保存得很好，”博物馆馆长西尔维罗宾说)”可知，流经巴黎的塞纳河塑造了这座城市。故选B。 3. C 题型：细节理解题 根据第三段“The city's beloved stone quays were built over the centuries for the city's beautification.The quays also served to channel the river and attempt to constrain flooding.As the mighty river fueled industry and empire,dams,locks,bridges,and later factories forever altered its flowing patterns.(这座城市备受喜爱的石码头是几个世纪以来为美化城市而建造的。这些码头也起到了引导河流的作用，并试图控制洪水。这条强大的河流为工业和帝国提供了动力，水坝、水闸、桥梁和后来的工厂永远地改变了它的流动模式)”可知，沿着塞纳河建造石头码头是为了控制洪水、疏通河道以及美化环境。故选C。 4. D 题型：主旨大意题 根据最后一段"For millennia,life was lived on the river.The Seine’s banks were a gathering place for work and leisure.However,a different approach to urban planning in the 20th century began to separate the public from the river.In thee1960s,highways were constructed directly on the water's edge.The quays even changed into parking lots.The tide turned in 2013when the city government decided to pedestrianize the motorway on the Left Bank.Cyclists and walkers returned to the quays,enjoying new facilities such as climbing walls and floating gardens.A riverside park on the Right Bank's motorway followed in2016.The much boasted $1.5 billion Olympic Games river cleanup project is the peak of years of investment.(几千年来，一直有人靠河而生。塞纳河两岸是工作和休闲的聚集地。然而，在20世纪，一种不同的城市规划方法开始将公众与河流分开。在20世纪60年代，高速公路直接建在水边。码头甚至变成了停车场。2013年，当市政府决定在左岸的高速公路上设置行人专用区时，情况发生了变化。骑自行车和步行的人回到码头，享受新的设施，如攀岩墙和浮动花园。2016年，右岸高速公路上的一个河畔公园紧随其后。这项耗资15亿美元的奥运河流清理工程是多年来投资的巅峰之作)”可知，最后一段强调了巴黎政府的目标是振兴塞纳河。故选D。 全文翻译： 当2024年夏季奥运会在巴黎启幕时，这座城市以震撼人心的方式打破传统——开幕式并未在体育场举行，而是选址塞纳河河畔。沐浴在神话与记忆中的塞纳河，是这座依河岸兴起之城的生命脉络。它发源于勃艮第，蜿蜒483英里后在勒阿弗尔入海，而巴黎正坐落于河流中段。塞纳河在巴黎城内的走向历经岁月变迁，持续的洪水重塑着河道，最终形成如今如蛇形般的河床。 1991至1992年，在贝尔西的考古发掘中，人们发现了巴黎最早人类定居点的证据。博物馆馆长西尔维・罗宾介绍：“这座新石器时代村落位于塞纳河的一条支流或运河旁，被洪水沉积层完好保存。”数个世纪以来，为美化城市而修建的石砌码头不仅承担着疏导河水流向的功能，更试图遏制洪水侵袭。当这条河流滋养工业与帝国时，水坝、船闸、桥梁及后来的工厂永久改变了它的流动轨迹。 数千年来，塞纳河畔始终是生活的中心——河岸既是劳作场所，也是休闲聚集地。然而20世纪的城市规划却一度割裂了公众与河流的联系：1960年代，高速公路直接建于水边，码头甚至被改造成停车场。转机出现在2013年，巴黎市政府决定将左岸高速公路改为步行区，骑行者与行人重新回到码头，享受攀岩墙、漂浮花园等新设施。2016年，右岸高速公路也变身河畔公园。而耗资15亿美元、备受瞩目的奥运会河流清理工程，正是多年投入的巅峰之作。 从新石器时代的聚落遗址到奥运圣火映照的现代舞台，塞纳河不仅是巴黎的地理轴线，更见证着人类文明与自然力量的永恒对话。当运动员的脚步声与河水的流淌声在2024年的夏夜交织，这条承载着千年记忆的河流，正以全新的姿态书写着城市与水的传奇。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$