Unit 1 Science and scientists（复习课件）英语人教版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit 2 Science and Scientists 复习课件 高二·英语 人教版2019选择性必修第二册 学习内容导览 单元知识图谱 2 学习目标 1 3 重点单词 单元语法 6 重点句型 5 7 主题写作 4 重点短语 8 课堂巩固 2 学习目标 1. learn about the key words and expressions in Unit 1; 2. be able to grasp predicative clause; 3. write about what makes a great scientist; 4. learn to use the linking words and phrases to make the writing in a logical order. 3 单元知识图谱 4 单词 词性 意思 contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 multiple adj. 数量多的；多种多样的 pump n. 泵；抽水机；打气筒 substantial adj. 大量的；价值巨大的；重大的 statistic n. [pl.] 统计数字；统计资料；统计学 vaccine n. 疫苗 framework n. 框架；结构 solid adj. 可靠的；固体的；坚实的 shadow n. 阴影；影子；背光处 rainbow n. 彩虹 重点单词·会认 5 重点单词·能背 单词 词性 意思 severe adj. 极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 subscribe vi. 认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费) suspect vt.&vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任 n. 犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 blame vt. 把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n. 责备；指责 handle n. 把手；拉手；柄 vt. 处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) cast vt. 投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷 fault n. 弱点；过错 6 重点单词·用准 1. frustrate vt.使懊丧；使懊恼；使沮丧→ adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→ adj.令人懊恼的；令人沮丧的→__________ n.懊丧；懊恼；沮丧 2. infect vt.使感染；传染→ n.感染；传染 3. prove vt.证明→ n.证据；证明；检验 4. intervene vt.介入；出面；干涉→ n.介入；出面；干涉 5. pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→ vt.使纯净；使洁净 6. initial adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→ adv.开始；最初 7. defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解→ n. 防御；防务→ adj. 自卫的 frustrated frustrating frustration infection proof intervention purify initially defence defensive 7 8. patriotic adj. 爱国的→ adv. 爱国地→ n. 爱国主义 9. mechanical adj. 机械的→ adv. 机械地，呆板地→ n. 机械师 10.infect vt.使传染；感染→ adj.传染的→ n.传染 11. assist v. 帮助，参加→ n. 助理，助手→ n. 援助，帮助 12.gift n. 礼物，天赋→ adj. 有天赋的 13.steady adj. 稳定的，平稳的→ adv. 稳定地；稳固地 14. astronomy n. 天文学→ n. 天文学家 15.vivid adj .生动的→ adv. 生动地 patriotically patriotism mechanically mechanic assistant assistance gifted steadily astronomer vividly 重点单词·用准 infectious infection 8 重点单词详解 1. suspect vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 (1)suspect sb./sth. of...　 怀疑某人/某事…… suspect sb. of doing...　 怀疑某人做…… suspect (that) ... 怀疑/认为…… suspect sb to be ... 怀疑某人是…… suspect ... of (doing) sth 怀疑……(做了)某事 (2)suspected adj. 有嫌疑的；被怀疑的 (3)suspicious adj. 多疑的；感觉可疑的 be suspicious of ... 对……怀疑 (4)suspicion n. 怀疑；嫌疑；猜疑 9 重点单词详解 2. blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责 (1)blame sb./sth. for sth.　 因某事而责备某人/某物 blame sth. on sb.　 把某事怪到某人头上 (2)get/take the blame for...　 为……承担责任 lay/put the blame on sb./sth.　 把某事归咎于某人/某物 (3)be to blame (for)　 应受指责；应负责任 3. decrease n. 减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi. (使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 a decrease in ... 在……方面减少 on the decrease 在减少 decrease to ... 减少到…… decrease by ... 减少了…… decrease from ... to ... 从……减少到…… 10 重点单词详解 4. frustrate vt.使沮丧，使懊恼；阻止，防止 (1)frustrate sb/ sth使沮丧,使受挫 (2)frustrated adj. 懊恼的，沮丧的，失意的，没有得到满足的 get frustrated 感到沮丧 be /feel frustrated at/ with sth 对某事感到沮丧/不满 (3)frustrating adj. 令人沮丧的,令人懊恼的 (4)frustration n. (U) 沮丧; 受挫 （C）令人沮丧的事物 difficulties and frustrations困难和令人懊恼之处 in frustration 懊恼地；沮丧地 11 重点单词详解 5.defend vt. 保卫；防守；辩解 (1)defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫 defend sb/sth/oneself from/against 保护某人/某物/自己免受伤害 (2)defence n. 防御；保卫；辩护 6. fault n. 弱点；过错 be one's fault 是某人的过错 be at fault 有过错；有责任 find fault with 挑剔，挑……的毛病 12 重点短语 1. once and for all 最终地；彻底地 2. in general 总的来说 3. subscribe to 同意；赞同 4. thanks to 幸亏；由于 5. deal with 处理；应对；涉及；与……打交道 6. depend on/upon 依靠；信赖；取决于 7. carry out 履行；执行 8. calm down 平静下来 9. break out 突然开始；爆发 10. in charge of 主管；掌管 11. come down 患（病）；染上（小病） 12. above all 最重要的是；尤其是 13 重点句型 1. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.（教材p2） （so...that...“如此……以至于……”，此处引导结果状语从句） 他发现，有两条特殊街道的霍乱疫情非常严重，10天内就有500多人死亡。 2. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.（教材p2） （It seems that... “看起来似乎……”） 那个女人看起来似乎很喜欢从抽水机里取来的水，每天都要派人送上门来。 14 表语从句 单元语法 常见系动词 be类（am/is/are） 感官类（look, taste, feel, sound, smell） 变化类 （become, turn, go, grow, get） 保持类 （keep, stay, remain, stand, lie） 其他类 （turn out, prove, seem, appear） 表语从句：在主从复合句中表语的从句称为表语从句。 The important thing is that we should learn from mistakes. 重要的是我们应该从错误中吸取教训。 主语+系动词+表语从句，这里的that引导表语从句。 引导词 用法 从属连词 that 无成分，无意义 whether 无成分，意为“是否” 连接代词 what,which,who,whom, …+ever, whose 在从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，定语 连接副词 how, when, where, …+ ever, why 在从句中充当状语 其它连接词 because, as if ,as though 因为，好像，似乎 表语从句 单元语法 表语从句的语法规则 The grammar rulers of the predicative clause The question is how can I make you understand the knowledge. The question is how I can make you understand the knowledge. Rule 1 : 表语从句和宾语从句、主语从句一样，要用陈述语序：主语+谓语。 单元语法 Bradley Hand ITC 17 Rule 2 : 表语从句的引导词没有if !!! The question is if it is worthwhile to do it. The question is whether it is worthwhile to do it. 只用whether ,不用if的情况 whether to do whether……or not 介词后的宾语从句 从句：句首的主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句 表语从句的语法规则 The grammar rulers of the predicative clause 单元语法 Bradley Hand ITC 18 Rule 3 : 表语从句的虚拟语气 My proposal is that we (should) start early tomorrow. I propose that we (should) start early tomorrow. It is proposed that we (should) start early tomorrow. 在表示“建议，劝说，命令”的名词 idea, advice, suggestion, request, proposal 等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略。 表语从句的语法规则 The grammar rulers of the predicative clause 单元语法 Bradley Hand ITC 19 Rule 3 : as if/as though 引导的表语从句常跟在look, seem, sound, feel等后面。 语气： 若表示真实情况：用陈述语气 若表示非真实情况：用虚拟语气 Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it’s going to rain. It seemed as if the night would never end. 表语从句的语法规则 The grammar rulers of the predicative clause 单元语法 Bradley Hand ITC 20 Rule 3 : as if/as though 引导的表语从句的虚拟语气： 若跟现在事实不符：过去式（be动词用were） 若跟过去事实不符：had done 若跟将来事实不符：would/could+动词原形 The little boy talks as if he knew everything in the world. He felt as if he had met this young lady for a long somewhere. 表语从句的语法规则 The grammar rulers of the predicative clause 单元语法 Bradley Hand ITC 21 My suggestion is that we __________ (go) to hospital at once. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______(be) broken. My idea is that we ___________(get) more people to attend the conference. The little girl talked as if she ___________(be) a grown-up. She looks as if she _________(be) ten years younger. should go were should get had been were 单元语法 单句语法填空 Bradley Hand ITC 22 Rule 4 : because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because…”结构中。 I do so many things for you. It is because I love you. I am late this morning. That is because I left my bag on the subway. Your speech is excellent. This is because you prepared it a lot. 表语从句的语法规则 The grammar rulers of the predicative clause 单元语法 Rule 5 :当从句描述原因时： 主语为reason 时，引导词用that It, This, That 开头做主语，引导词用because She was late this morning. That was because she missed the early bus. The reason why he was late was that he missed the early bus. Bradley Hand ITC 23 Rule 6 :引导词that, because, why的区别： 描述原因用that或because. 描述结果用why The reason was that you don’t trust her.  He was sent to the hospital. That’s because he was ill.  He was ill. That’s why he was sent to the hospital.  1.He is careless and irresponsible. That was _______ he was fired. 2.He was fired. That was _________ he is careless and irresponsible. 3. The reason _______ he was fired was ________ he was careless and irresponsible. why because why that 表语从句的语法规则 The grammar rulers of the predicative clause 单元语法 单句语法填空 Bradley Hand ITC 24 单元语法 分析句子成分 缺主宾表定 缺状语 用连接代词 用连接副词 根据语意缺什么补什么 because, as if ,as though 不缺成分 缺“是否” 不缺成分 无实义 用连接词that 用连接词whether 表语从句解题方法&步骤： who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever, what, whatever where, when, why, how Bradley Hand ITC 25 主题写作 你校英文报新增了“科学家与科学精神”专栏，正在面向全校学生征稿，请你以“What makes a great scientist?”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 该科学家的简介； 2. 该科学家的科学精神； 3. 你对该科学家的评价。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 26 审题定调 确定主题内容 确定人称/时态 核定表达 What makes a great scientist? 主题写作 27 体裁：记叙文 主要内容：人物介绍 生平 主要事迹 贡献 写作顺序/框架/不遗漏要点 审题定调 主题写作 28 P1：科学家简介 1. 1705年，梅里安出版了她最著名的书《苏里南昆虫变形记》。一位博物学家称其为“美国有史以来最美的作品”。这些昆虫和植物自然栖息的绘画彻底改变了科学插图，促进了昆虫的科学研究 In 1705, Merian published the book for which she is best known, Metamorphosis of the Insects of Surinam. One naturalist called it “the most beautiful work ever painted in [the] America[s]”. The paintings of insects and plants in their natural habitats revolutionized scientific illustration and advanced the scientific study of insects. 2. 玛丽亚·西比拉·梅里安对昆虫研究和绘画艺术都做出了巨大贡献。 Maria Sibylla Merian made great contributions to both the study of insects and the art of painting. Stephen Hawking ——以玛丽亚·西比拉·梅里安事迹为例 主题写作 P2:科学家的科学精神 1. 在17世纪的欧洲，女性独自旅行是闻所未闻的，但这并没有阻止玛丽亚·西比拉·梅里安。 In 17th-century Europe, it was unheard of for a woman to travel by herself, but that didn’t stop Maria Sibylla Merian. 2. 梅里安在工作中结合了艺术和科学。作为一名熟练的观察者，她做了详细的笔记。 Merian combined both art and science in her work. As a skilled observer, she kept detailed notes. 3. 日复一日，她们把绘画材料带到炎热潮湿的雨林中，收集和绘制昆虫和植物。艺术家们以前从未做过这样的事。 Day after day, they took their painting materials into the hot, humid rainforest to collect and draw insects and plants. Artists had never done such a thing before. 主题写作 P3:人物评价 1.很明显，梅里安是非常勇敢的，她周游世界研究不寻常的昆虫。 It’s obvious that Merian was very brave who travelled across the world to study unusual insects. 2.她的天赋之一是能够看到日常生活中的美。 One of her talents was being able to see the beauty in everyday life. 3.她在生活中也有一个明确的目标，她非常努力地学习如何画活昆虫，这是其他人以前没有做过的事情。 She had a clear goal in life--she worked really hard on learning how to draw living insects, which is something that nobody else had done before. 主题写作 What Makes a Great Scientist? Regarded as my shining example who was brilliant, ambitious, fearless, and put others at first, Li Shizhen was an extrmely well-respected man both in China and abroad. Born on July 3 in 1518 in Hubei, Li was immersed in medicine from childhood with him edified by his family. Facing the severe medical conditions in the country, Li was convinced that he can transform it for better. Li read multiple books and went to a lot of places to find herbs, even testing the medicines himself, just like the legendary Shen Nong. Although there were substantial barriers of technology and knowledge, Li took 27 years to complete the great masterpiece-Compendium of Materia medica through his tireless efforts. Li Shizhen, who died in 1593, is famous for his great contributions to the world medicine. It is Li Shizhen who made the traditonal Chinese medicine better than before. 主题写作 课堂巩固 一、根据汉语提示拼写单词。 1. Then I ________ (回想起) good times spent with Amy and how she managed to help me out whenever I was in trouble. 2. Anyone can perform in the festival and many artists ________ (参加) in it. 3. Experts think these discoveries will give more ________ (洞察力) into what early China was like. 4. Taking a deep breath, Louise stepped forward and ________ (抓住) the hands of Pisano tightly. 5. After almost 6 to 7 years，Tom was unable to pay for all the household ________ (费用), even the basic necessities. 6. After a while, she apologized for the way she ________ (表现) at the beginning. recalled engage insight grasped behaved expenses 二、单句语法填空。 1. Due to the fact that I was ________ (qualify) for the post, I did believe that I was capable of handling all the matters. 2. He’s a very _________ (ambition) lad and he wants to play at the highest level. 3. I felt so comfortable ___________, secure, and confident when I sat down and began each writing session. 4. Your ___________ (participate) is highly anticipated and appreciated! 5. If your child is interested, encourage him to get ________ (involve) in the garden. 6. Therefore, it goes without saying that it is this motto that brings me motivation __________ and encouragement. qualified ambitious comfortable participation involved motivation 课堂巩固 三、写作拓展。 1. (完成句子)这是我第一次真正意识到耐心这份礼物的意义。(it was the first time that) ___________________________________ the meaning of the gift — patience. 2. (一句多译)当我们走出洞穴时，我们知道自己得救了。 ① ___________________________, we knew we were saved.（一般表达） ② _________________________, we knew we were saved.(状语从句的省略) 3. (一句多译)她两眼发直，不知道下面该说什么。 ① She stared blankly into space, not knowing ____________________.(宾语从句) ② She stared blankly into space, not knowing _______________.(疑问词＋不定式) It was the first time that I had truly realized When we walked out of the cave When walking out of the cave what she would say next what to say next 课堂巩固 谢谢观看 人教版2019选择性必修第二册 THANKS 人教版2019选择性必修第二册 $$