Unit6 Disastre and Hope语法填空（单句+语篇）- 2024-2025学年高一英语专项提高训练必刷好题（外研版2019必修第三册)

Unit6 Disaster and Hope语法填空（单句+语篇） - 2024-2025学年高一英语专项提高训练必刷好题 （外研版2019必修第三册） 一、单句语法填空 1．The telephone rang, and he answered it (immediate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．The school made an (announce) about holding an English speech contest next Monday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive, for he always was the truest and most (rely) fellow in the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．This lets the speaker know that you understand (precise) what he or she has said. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．Hundreds of lives were (threaten) when the building collapsed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．The Earth’s only natural (satellite) is the Moon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．It never (occur) to me that the criminal had escaped from the prison! (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．The government is spending (billion) of dollars on new urban rail projects. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．The man was holding an old umbrella, sheltering his son the rain. (用适当的词填空) 10． (exception) dry weather over the past year had cut agricultural production. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．It occurred him that he had a significant meeting to attend the next morning. (用适当的词填空) 12．Before the (erupt) occurred, it had been a booming Roman city. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13． the shelter of the bay, there was no risk to a boat in the hands of experienced sailors. (用适当的词填空) 14．They just want to shelter their kids every kind of danger. (用适当的词填空) 15． never occurred to him to turn to anyone for help when he failed in doing business. (用适当的词填空) 16．The boat drowned, but we were rescued the water. (用适当的词填空) 17．Never rely others to help you out when you are in trouble. (用适当的词填空) 18．When the powerful earthquake struck and all lights went out all of sudden, it seemed as if the world was at an end. (用适当的词填空) 19．The frequent (occur) of earthquakes in the area means that the building must be specially designed to withstand the force. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20．Wherever you live, it’s necessary for you to learn to prepare for some (emergency). (所给词的适当形式填空) 21．A large number of soldiers were sent to the quake-stricken areas (rescue) those who were trapped in the building. (所给词的适当形式填空) 22．The terrible earthquake struck Chile in 1960, (claim) 1,000 plus lives. (所给词的适当形式填空) 23．Forest fire is one of the major (disaster) of destroying forest reserves. （所给词的适当形式填空） 24．He (grab) his child’s arm to stop her from running into the road. （所给词的适当形式填空） 25．The young mother broke through the crowd to pick the falling baby. (用适当的词填空) 26．Enough lava from the volcano and this buried the entire village. (erupt) (所给词的适当形式填空) 27．All the dishes in the menu, unless stated, will serve two to three people. (用适当的词填空) 28．We'll be stopping here for longer than (schedule). (所给词的适当形式填空) 29．Unless (equip) with enough common sense for the job, applicants will be unqualified for an interview. (所给词的适当形式填空) 30．These bad habits, if (leave) unchecked, could lead to serious ones when they become adults. (所给词的适当形式填空) 31．We are supposed to come up with a solution to stop people from looking down at their mobile phones while (drive) cars. （所给词的适当形式填空） 32．When (complete), the museum will be open to the public next year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 33．The car slowed down while (approach) the crossroads. （所给词的适当形式填空） 34．He seldom, if , goes to the movies by himself. （用适当的词填空） 35．Wood gives off much smoke while (burn). (所给词的适当形式填空) 36．They gather around the television to watch the Spring Gala, while (chat) with each other and making dumplings. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37．While (wait) for him, I found my wallet was missing. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38．To guarantee security, children, when ( accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. （所给词的适当形式填空） 39．Once (expose) to light, the film will be damaged and get useless. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40．Though (surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome. (所给词的适当形式填空) 二、语法填空 Passage1.On January 17, 1994, a powerful earthquake struck the San Fernando Valley in southern California. Buildings 1 (fall) apart, and the streets were filled with debris (碎片). The disaster left thousands of people 2 (home), and the city was completely in a mess. The economic impact was great with about $20 billion in damages. The earthquake occurred at the time 3 many people were still asleep. The first shock was followed by a series of aftershocks (余震). The government 4 (immediate) announced a state of emergency. Rescue and recovery 5 (effort) were quickly underway. Emergency services, volunteers, and every citizen joined forces 6 (search) for survivors and provide aid to those affected. The response to the earthquake stressed the importance of the community’s 7 (strong) and the need for disaster response plans. The earthquake also led 8 significant advancements in seismic (地震的) research and technology. The development of early warning systems, improvements in building standards, and a greater understanding of earthquake risks have been part of the valuable things 9 (bring) by this event. It served as 10 reminder of the power of nature and the ongoing need for preparation in the face of such disasters. Passage2.Natural disasters are events caused by natural phenomena, resulting in significant property damage, environmental destruction, 1 (injure) and even loss of life. These disasters at large 2 (classify) into weather and climate-driven events and earth-driven events. Weather-related disasters often result from extreme weather conditions, among 3 heavy rainfall from hurricanes and typhoons give rise to severe flooding. Earth-driven disasters, on the other hand, originate from geological processes. Volcanic eruptions release lava flows and 4 (poison) gases, endangering surrounding communities. The impact of natural disasters extends beyond immediate destruction, destroying  economies and leave people homeless. After such events, when 5   (face) with challenges in providing emergency relief, rebuilding infrastructure（基础设施）, and supporting affected residents, communities are always on the go. Worse still, 6 (follow) a disaster, many victims will suffer from long-term mental problems. 7 we cannot prevent these events, we can take active steps to prepare for them and minimize their impact. In an attempt 8 (relieve) the effects of natural disasters, societies must make good preparations, including early warning systems which will keep residents informed 9 potential disasters, emergency response plans and disaster-resistant buildings. Additionally, education and awareness campaigns can help communities have 10 better understanding of the risks and how to respond effectively. Passage3.There was less sea ice covering the oceans in February of this year than at any other point on record. “One of the 1 (consequence) of a warmer world is melting sea ice, and the record or near-record low sea ice cover at both poles has pushed global sea ice cover to an all-time minimum,” said Samantha Burgess 2 a statement. Global average temperatures in February of this year 3 (rise) 1.59°C above the per-industrial average, 4 (make) it the third-warmest February on record, according to the European Union’s climate service Copernicus. These high temperatures impacted the global sea ice extent, 5 includes both the Arctic, where sea ice is currently near its annual maximum, and the Antarctic. The satellite record for both regions extends back to 1979. In the Arctic, sea ice remained at 8 percent below average throughout February, missing an area of ice 6 (rough) the size of the UK. This was the third consecutive month 7 (set) a new monthly record low in the Arctic. 8 (see) over the past two years, this decline in the 9 (north) hemisphere (半球) has combined with a longer-term decline in Antarctic sea ice. Antarctic sea ice seemed to recover to near average levels in December of last year 10 it then rapidly declined again. In February, the ice reached its fourth-lowest extent on record for the month, remaining 26 percent below average. Passage4.In recent years, natural disasters 1 (hit) the world frequently, causing great damage to human life and property. Floods, typhoons, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are some of the most common disasters. A flood usually occurs when there is a sudden increase in rainfall or when rivers overflow their banks. It can flood large areas, destroy houses and crops, and even 2 (threat) people’s lives. In some cases, people have to evacuate their homes and move to safety places. Typhoons, known as hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean, are powerful storms that can bring strong winds, heavy rain and high waves. They often hit coastal areas, causing 3 (destroy) damage to buildings, trees and infrastructure. To protect themselves from typhoons, people usually prepare 4 advance, such as storing food and water, securing windows and doors, and evacuating to shelters. Earthquakes can happen at any time and without warning. When an earthquake occurs, the ground shakes 5 (heavy), which can lead to the collapse of buildings, bridges and other structures. The impact of an earthquake can be felt over a wide area, and the aftershocks can also cause 6 (far) damage. Volcanic eruptions occur 7 magma (岩浆), gas and rock erupt from a volcano. They can release large amounts of ash, lava (熔岩) and toxic (有毒的) gases into the air, 8 (affect) the environment and people’s health. In the face of natural disasters, 9 is important for people to take preventive measures and stay informed. Governments and organizations around the world are working hard on ways 10 (improve) disaster prediction and response abilities to reduce the impact of natural disasters on human society. Passage5.In America, in 1988, Samuel, who was one of the local 1 (resident), sent his son, Armand, to school. Samuel hugged the boy gently. 2 (look) the boy in the eye, Samuel said, “Have a good day, and remember, I’ll always be there for you if necessary.” Hours later, so horrible 3 earthquake happened. Samuel tried to discover what had happened to his son, but he couldn’t get any information. Samuel as well as other parents instantly headed for the schoolyard. When he reached the area, all that he saw brought tears to his eyes. With the school 4 (destroy) completely, it was a pile of debris (碎片) then. Having found the location 5 Armand’s classroom used to stay, Samuel began pulling a broken rock off the pile and put it to the side, and then grabbed another one. One of the parents standing nearby asked, “What are you doing?” “Digging for my son. Broken stones and bricks 6 (remove) by me now,” Samuel answered. The man then said, “You will make things worse! The building is so unstable as to fall down at any time.” He tried to stop Samuel. 7 spite of that, Samuel just kept working. As time went on, one by one, the other parents left. Samuel was the only parent who was staying there. All through the night and into the next day, Samuel continued digging. Suddenly, he heard a weak cry, “Help! Help!” Samuel listened but didn’t hear anything again. Then he heard a muffled (沉闷的) voice, “Papa?” Samuel began to dig crazily. At last, to his great 8 (satisfy), he could see his son. “Come on out, son! I am 9 (eager) searching for you,” he said excitedly. “No,” Armand said. “Let the other kids with whom I am staying get out first because I know you’ll get me.” Samuel could make out what his son had said. After all the fourteen children had survived the disaster, they were all quite 10 (gratitude) to Samuel for rescuing them. Passage6.In the Nazirpur subdistrict, located in Bangladesh’s riverine district of Pirojpur, solving the harmful consequences of flood was found 1 (challenge). Over the past 25 years, 45-year-old farmer Mohammad Kawsar Mia, 2 (follow) the traditions of his ancestors, has practiced “floating cultivation (漂浮耕作)”, 3 method that is valuable for numerous families in these flood regions. In these areas 4 flood lasts for eight to ten months annually, farmers have difficulty in practicing traditional farming on solid ground. 5 response, farmers, such as Mia, have made floating beds using water plants. With these beds, they can grow a variety of crops, such as eggplants and leafy vegetables. The amazing farming technique is passed down from one generation to the next without 6 (interrupt), helping to relieve the poverty of local families. With the rainy season becoming 7 (increase) unstable, floating agriculture has been gaining importance. At this time of year, 75% of the country’s surface area 8 (flood), which makes techniques like floating cultivation crucial 9 (achieve) food security. Additionally, the government’s support, if properly 10 (manage), will further boost this sustainable practice. Passage7.This year’s World Earth Day theme is “Planet vs. Plastics”. The day is 1 annual event that 2 (honor) the achievements of the environmental movement and raises 3 (aware) of protecting Earth’s natural resources for future generations. Aiming 4 (create) a platform for governments, business, academic and social institutions to cooperate in dealing with the climate crisis, the first Shanghai Climate Week, 5 theme is “China Action, Asian Voice, Global Standard”, kicked off on April 22nd after months of preparations. “China has made lots of efforts in carbon reduction. So we hope that through our actions, we can raise the voice of Asia and let the world see our efforts. 6 is also hoped that many of our actions and efforts will become standards for the future,” said Rao Wei, deputy secretary-general, Secretariat of Executive Committee, Shanghai Climate Week. The Shanghai Climate Week also focused on the younger generation’s education and training in 7 (sustain) development. “we also serve as a platform for international collaboration — 8 (particular) emphasizing and enhancing knowledge exchange and practice-sharing. For example, we can bring the best practices in China to people and 9 (country) around the world. And also, the other way round,” said Rao. “We will hold a series of activities and forums (论坛), 10 (discuss) paths to a greener world and helping China meet its carbon goals.” Passage8.There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer. In 2013, many people 1 (shock) by a news photo of a dead polar bear which appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea­ ice levels 2 (cause) by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distance 3 (find) food. Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”, 4 has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man­made” greenhouse effect. The “man­made” greenhouse effect has now become 5 big problem. There is strong and comprehensive evidence 6 the rise in temperature has led 7 an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide. In fact, news reports are 8 (frequent) broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses. Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long­-lasting changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. We as individuals can reduce our “carbon footprint” by 9 (restrict) the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility 10 (seize) every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming. Passage9.Kenya sped up efforts on Thursday to evacuate (疏散) hundreds of people trapped by floods 1 have hit many parts of the East African country. Floods 2 (make) more than 600,000 homeless since the beginning of heavy rains in November, according to the Red Cross, which is helping to coordinate the rescue efforts. Tens of thousands of people in Northern Kenya have lost livestock (家畜), farmland 3 homes due to the floods 4 (describe) by aid groups as the worst in 100 years. An international team of scientists reported last week that the ongoing rains in Eastern Africa have become much 5 (heavy) than before due to human-caused climate change. On Wednesday, British High Commissioner Neil Wigan 6 (visit) remote Mandera County, where a severe drought a year ago destroyed the livelihoods of people in many 7 (community). “Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing everyone in the world, but you see in places like northern Kenya, where the impact of the drought and livestock dying and now the flood on people’s livelihood has been 8 (absolute) huge,” Wigan said. “We can make efforts to provide foods, medicine and other necessary supplies 9 people in the short run, but how can we build systems nationally and internationally aiming 10 (deal) with the effects of climate change?” Passage10.More than 30 islands in the Caribbean Sea make up 1 country of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. A volcano called La Soufrière is located on the largest island of the St. Vincent and the Grenadines chain. On April 9, 2021, La Soufrière erupted. Thousands of people on the island 2 (force) to leave their homes. The massive explosion sent hot ash as high as 32,000 3 (foot) into the sky. For days, the volcano continued to erupt, 4 (send) out ash and lava (岩浆). It destroyed everything in 5 (it) path. Government-run shelters and cruise ships (游轮) have taken in some locals. Others have fled to nearby islands 6 (get) out of harm. Government calls 7 people to stay calm and continue to protect themselves against COVID-19. There have been no reports of injuries or property damage so far. La Soufrière began showing signs of activity in December. Until then, it 8 (be) inactive for decades. It last erupted in 1979. A farmer, 9 escaped from his home on April 11, remembers the last big 10 (erupt). “This one is more serious,” he says. 3 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit6 Disaster and Hope语法填空（单句+语篇） - 2024-2025学年高一英语专项提高训练必刷好题 （外研版2019必修第三册） 一、单句语法填空 1．The telephone rang, and he answered it (immediate). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】immediately 【详解】考查副词。句意：电话铃响了，他立刻接了电话。空处修饰动词answered，需用副词形式作状语。所给词immediate为形容词，意为“立刻的，立即的”，其副词形式为immediately，意为“立刻，立即”。故填immediately。 2．The school made an (announce) about holding an English speech contest next Monday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】announcement 【详解】考查名词。句意：学校发布了一则关于下周一举行英语演讲比赛的通知。提示词作宾语，用可数名词announcement，意为“通知；宣告”，用不定冠词an修饰，用单数形式。故填announcement。 3．But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive, for he always was the truest and most (rely) fellow in the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】reliable 【详解】考查形容词。句意：但我知道，如果吉米还活着，他一定会来这里见我，因为他一直是世界上最真诚、最可靠的人。此处为形容词作定语，与形容词“truest”并列，共同修饰名词fellow，rely的形容词为reliable表示“可靠的”，符合语境。故填reliable。 4．This lets the speaker know that you understand (precise) what he or she has said. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】precisely 【详解】考查副词。句意：这让说话者知道你准确地理解了他或她所说的话。空格处需修饰动词understand，要用副词形式，precise为形容词，意为“准确的”，其副词形式为precisely。故填precisely。 5．Hundreds of lives were (threaten) when the building collapsed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】threatened 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：大楼倒塌时，数百人的生命受到威胁。空处和were构成谓语，结合“when the building collapsed”可知，threaten“威胁”和主语Hundreds of lives之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填threatened。 6．The Earth’s only natural (satellite) is the Moon. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】satellite 【详解】考查名词。句意：地球唯一的天然卫星是月球。本空作主语，用名词satellite“卫星”，且由is可知应用单数形式satellite。故填satellite。 7．It never (occur) to me that the criminal had escaped from the prison! (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】occurred 【详解】考查时态。句意：我从来没有想到那个罪犯已经从监狱里逃出来了！空处为主句谓语动词，陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时。故填occurred。 8．The government is spending (billion) of dollars on new urban rail projects. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】billions 【详解】考查名词。句意：政府在新的城市铁路项目上投入了数十亿美元。由句意及空后的介词of可知应填名词复数形式billions，billions of意为“数十亿”，故填billions。 9．The man was holding an old umbrella, sheltering his son the rain. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：那人打着一把旧伞，为儿子遮雨。shelter sb from...意为“保护；遮挡”固定搭配，故填from。 10． (exception) dry weather over the past year had cut agricultural production. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Exceptionally 【详解】考查副词。句意：过去一年异常干燥的天气导致农业减产。空处修饰形容词dry，应填副词形式，首字母应大写，故填Exceptionally。 11．It occurred him that he had a significant meeting to attend the next morning. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】to 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他突然想起第二天上午他有一个重要的会议要参加。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型“It occur to sb. that...”，意思是 “某人突然想到……”，其中 “it” 是形式主语，真正的主语是“that”引导的从句。故填to。 12．Before the (erupt) occurred, it had been a booming Roman city. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】eruption 【详解】考查名词。句意：在火山爆发之前，它曾是一座繁荣的罗马城市。空格处在从句中作主语，应该用名词eruption。故填eruption。 13． the shelter of the bay, there was no risk to a boat in the hands of experienced sailors. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Under 【详解】考查介词。句意：在海湾的庇护下，船在经验丰富的水手手中是没有危险的。表示“在……的庇护下”使用介词短语under the shelter of，首字母应大写，故填Under。 14．They just want to shelter their kids every kind of danger. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：他们只是想保护他们的孩子免受各种危险。此处指“他们只是想保护他们的孩子免受各种危险”，使用动词短语shelter...from...“保护……免受……”，故填from。 15． never occurred to him to turn to anyone for help when he failed in doing business. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】It 【详解】考查代词。句意：他做生意失败时，从未想过要向任何人求助。it occurs/occurred to sb. to do sth.为固定句型，意为“某人想到做某事”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式，句首单词，首字母大写。故填It。 16．The boat drowned, but we were rescued the water. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：船沉了，但我们都从水中被救了出来。此处为固定搭配rescue…from…，表示“从……中（救出）”的被动语态结构，所以此处使用介词from。故填from。 17．Never rely others to help you out when you are in trouble. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】on/upon 【详解】考查介词。句意：当你遇到困难时，永远不要依赖别人来帮助你摆脱困境。rely on/upon为固定短语，意为“依赖，依靠”。故填on/upon。 18．When the powerful earthquake struck and all lights went out all of sudden, it seemed as if the world was at an end. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】a 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当强烈的地震发生时，所有的灯突然熄灭了，似乎世界末日到了。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语all of a sudden“突然”，满足句意要求。故填a。 19．The frequent (occur) of earthquakes in the area means that the building must be specially designed to withstand the force. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】occurrence 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个地区经常发生地震，这意味着建筑物必须经过特殊设计才能承受地震的力量。空处作主语，前面有形容词修饰，应填名词形式，故填occurrence。 20．Wherever you live, it’s necessary for you to learn to prepare for some (emergency). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】emergencies 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：无论你住在哪里，你都有必要学会为一些紧急情况做准备。空处作for的宾语，根据“some (一些)”可知，可数名词emergency“紧急情况”应用复数形式emergencies。故填emergencies。 21．A large number of soldiers were sent to the quake-stricken areas (rescue) those who were trapped in the building. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to rescue 【详解】考查不定式。句意：大量的士兵被送到地震受灾区去营救那些困在楼房里的那些人。根据句意可知，此处指“将士兵送到地震受灾区的目的是为了营救那些被困的人”，故应用不定式作目的状语，故填to rescue。 22．The terrible earthquake struck Chile in 1960, (claim) 1,000 plus lives. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】claiming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1960年，智利发生了可怕的地震，夺走了1000多人的生命。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用claim“使丧生，致命”的现在分词形式。故填claiming。 23．Forest fire is one of the major (disaster) of destroying forest reserves. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】disasters 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：森林火灾是破坏森林保护区的主要灾害之一。one of + the + 复数名词。所以用名词的复数形式，在句中作宾语。故填disasters。 24．He (grab) his child’s arm to stop her from running into the road. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】grabbed 【详解】考查时态。句意：他抓住孩子的胳膊，不让她跑到马路上。结合语境可知发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填grabbed。 25．The young mother broke through the crowd to pick the falling baby. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】up 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：年轻的母亲冲破人群，去扶起摔倒的婴儿。结合“the falling baby”可知，动词短语pick up“抬起，拾起”符合题意，表示“去扶起摔倒的婴儿”。故填up。 26．Enough lava from the volcano and this buried the entire village. (erupt) (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 erupted eruption 【详解】考查时态和名词。句意：火山喷发了足够多的熔岩，这次喷发掩埋了整个村庄。分析句子结构和意思可知，第一个空考查谓语动词，这件事描述的是过去的事情，谓语用一般过去时；第二个空用名词eruption，意为“爆发”，作主语，结合句意单数形式。故填erupted和eruption。 27．All the dishes in the menu, unless stated, will serve two to three people. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】otherwise 【详解】考查副词。句意：菜单上所有的菜，除非另有说明，供两到三人食用。副词otherwise表示“在其他方面，另”。故填otherwise。 28．We'll be stopping here for longer than (schedule). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】scheduled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。我们在这里停留的时间将超出原先的安排。此处为省略句，从句省略主语和be动词，且表示被动关系，用过去分词。故填scheduled。 29．Unless (equip) with enough common sense for the job, applicants will be unqualified for an interview. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】equipped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：除非具备足够的工作常识，否则应聘者将没有资格参加面试。句中谓语是“will be”，空格处用非谓语动词，unless状语从句的省略，主句主语和从句主语一致，省去从句主语和be动词，“ applicants”和“equip”之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词equipped表被动，故填equipped。 30．These bad habits, if (leave) unchecked, could lead to serious ones when they become adults. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】left 【详解】考查省略句。句意：这些坏习惯如果不加以控制，长大后就会变成严重的坏习惯。此处为状语从句的省略，当主句和从句为同一主语，且从句含有be动词时，从句可以省略主语和be动词，此处从句主语和动词leave为被动关系，省略主语和be动词，故填过去分词。故填left。 31．We are supposed to come up with a solution to stop people from looking down at their mobile phones while (drive) cars. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】driving 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：我们应该想出一个办法来阻止人们开车时低头看手机。句子使用while引导状语从句的省略，从句主语与主句主语一致，drive与主语之间为主动关系，即be driving，从句省略主语和be动词，即while driving cars。故填driving。 32．When (complete), the museum will be open to the public next year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】completed 【详解】考查省略句。句意：博物馆建成后，将于明年向公众开放。本句为状语从句的省略，还原句子为When (it is) completed, the museum will be open to the public next year。故填completed。 33．The car slowed down while (approach) the crossroads. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】approaching 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：汽车在接近十字路口时减速了。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。根据slowed可知，本句描述过去的事情，while引导的时间状语从句完整句子为while the car was ____ (approach) the crossroads，故本空用approach“接近”的ing形式，与空前的was构成过去进行时。故填approaching。 34．He seldom, if , goes to the movies by himself. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】ever 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他很少单独去看电影——即便不能说从来不去。结合句意“如果有的话，如果曾经”可知句型为if ever，是一种省略的表达，用来表达可能性小、‌情况少见但也不是完全不可能的意思，故填ever。 35．Wood gives off much smoke while (burn). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】burning 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：木头燃烧时冒出许多烟。在while引导的时间状语从句中，主语和主句相同，可以省略从句的主语和系动词。动词burn意为“燃烧”，和主语构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填burning。 36．They gather around the television to watch the Spring Gala, while (chat) with each other and making dumplings. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】chatting 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：他们围坐在电视机前看春晚，互相聊天，包饺子。此处为while引导的时间状语从句的省略，从句主语they和从句谓语动词chat是主动关系，正在进行的动作，从句谓语动词chat用be doing形式，状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句谓语中包含be动词，从句省略主语和be动词，用现在分词chatting。故填chatting。 37．While (wait) for him, I found my wallet was missing. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】waiting 【详解】考查非谓语动词、省略句。句意：在等他的时候，我发现我的钱包不见了。while 引导时间状语从句，当从句主语和主句主语一致，且从句含有 be 动词时，可以省略从句的主语和 be 动词，此处完整的从句为“While I was waiting for him”，省略了 I 和 was ，故填 waiting 。 38．To guarantee security, children, when ( accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】accompanied/ccompanied 【详解】考查省略句和过去分词。句意：为了保证安全，孩子们在父母的陪同下可以进入体育场。分析句子可知，此处是when引导的状语从句，从句的主语和主句的主语children一致，可用代词they代替，且由by their parents可知此处是被动语态，时态是一般现在时，此时可省略when从句的主语和be代词，即when (they are) accpmpanied by their parents。故填accompanied。 39．Once (expose) to light, the film will be damaged and get useless. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】exposed 【详解】考查省略。句意：一旦曝光，胶卷就要被损坏而不能用了。once引导的状语从句中，若谓语部分含有be动词，而主语又跟主句主语相同，则从句中主语和be动词常一起省略。从句可以还原为Once (the film is) exposed to light。故答案是exposed。 40．Though (surprise) to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】suprised 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：虽然看到我们感到很吃惊，教授热烈欢迎我们。本句话为Though引导的让步状语从句的省略。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且含有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语以及be动词。本句话的完全结构为“Though the professor was surprised to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.”，所以可以把从句的主语和be动词省略。故答案是surprised。 二、语法填空 Passage1.On January 17, 1994, a powerful earthquake struck the San Fernando Valley in southern California. Buildings 1 (fall) apart, and the streets were filled with debris (碎片). The disaster left thousands of people 2 (home), and the city was completely in a mess. The economic impact was great with about $20 billion in damages. The earthquake occurred at the time 3 many people were still asleep. The first shock was followed by a series of aftershocks (余震). The government 4 (immediate) announced a state of emergency. Rescue and recovery 5 (effort) were quickly underway. Emergency services, volunteers, and every citizen joined forces 6 (search) for survivors and provide aid to those affected. The response to the earthquake stressed the importance of the community’s 7 (strong) and the need for disaster response plans. The earthquake also led 8 significant advancements in seismic (地震的) research and technology. The development of early warning systems, improvements in building standards, and a greater understanding of earthquake risks have been part of the valuable things 9 (bring) by this event. It served as 10 reminder of the power of nature and the ongoing need for preparation in the face of such disasters. 【答案】1．fell 2．homeless 3．when 4．immediately 5．efforts 6．to search 7．strength 8．to 9．brought 10．a 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要围绕1994年圣费尔南多谷地震展开，客观描述了地震发生的时间、造成的破坏、救援情况，还阐述了地震带来的影响，包括对社区力量和灾害应对计划的启示，以及在地震研究和技术方面的推动作用。 1．考查谓语动词。句意：建筑物纷纷倒塌，街道上堆满了残骸碎片。空处为本句谓语动词；根据并列句可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“buildings”，复数，和动词短语“fall apart”之间为主动关系。故填fell。 2．考查形容词。句意：这场灾难致使数千人无家可归，整个城市陷入一片混乱。空处为形容词形式担当宾语补足语，意为“无家可归的”。故填homeless。 3．考查定语从句。句意：地震发生时，许多人还在睡梦中。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词“time”，关系词在从句中担当时间状语，用关系副词“when”引导。故填when。 4．考查副词。句意：政府随即宣布进入紧急状态。空处为修饰动词“announce”用副词形式，意为“立即”。故填immediately。 5．考查名词的数。句意：救援和恢复工作迅速展开。空处为名词形式担当主语；根据谓语动词“were”可知，主语为名词的复数形式。故填efforts。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：应急服务部门、志愿者以及每一位市民齐心协力，搜寻幸存者，并为受灾群众提供援助。空处为非谓语动词形式担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to search。 7．考查名词。句意：此次地震的应对工作凸显了社区力量的重要性以及制定灾害应急预案的必要性。空处为名词形式担当宾语，意为“力量”。故填strength。 8．考查固定搭配。句意：同时，这场地震也推动了地震研究和技术领域的重大进步。空处为固定搭配：lead to，意为“导致、带来”，符合句意。故填to。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：早期预警系统的开发、建筑标准的提升，以及人们对地震风险更深入的了解，都是此次地震带来的宝贵成果。空处为非谓语动词形式担当后置定语；被修饰词“the valuable things”和动词“bring”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填brought。 10．考查冠词。句意：它提醒着人们自然的强大力量，以及面对此类灾难时持续做好准备工作的必要性。修饰名词“reminder”，表示泛指，用不定冠词修饰。故填a。 Passage2.Natural disasters are events caused by natural phenomena, resulting in significant property damage, environmental destruction, 1 (injure) and even loss of life. These disasters at large 2 (classify) into weather and climate-driven events and earth-driven events. Weather-related disasters often result from extreme weather conditions, among 3 heavy rainfall from hurricanes and typhoons give rise to severe flooding. Earth-driven disasters, on the other hand, originate from geological processes. Volcanic eruptions release lava flows and 4 (poison) gases, endangering surrounding communities. The impact of natural disasters extends beyond immediate destruction, destroying  economies and leave people homeless. After such events, when 5   (face) with challenges in providing emergency relief, rebuilding infrastructure（基础设施）, and supporting affected residents, communities are always on the go. Worse still, 6 (follow) a disaster, many victims will suffer from long-term mental problems. 7 we cannot prevent these events, we can take active steps to prepare for them and minimize their impact. In an attempt 8 (relieve) the effects of natural disasters, societies must make good preparations, including early warning systems which will keep residents informed 9 potential disasters, emergency response plans and disaster-resistant buildings. Additionally, education and awareness campaigns can help communities have 10 better understanding of the risks and how to respond effectively. 【答案】1．injury/injuries 2．are classified 3．which 4．poisonous 5．faced 6．following 7．While/Though/Although 8．to relieve 9．of/about 10．a 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍自然灾害由自然现象引发，会造成多方面破坏，分为天气气候驱动和地球驱动两类。虽无法阻止，但可通过多种准备措施如预警系统、应急计划等减轻影响，教育和宣传活动也有助于社区应对灾害。 1．考查名词。句意：自然灾害是由自然现象引起的事件，会导致重大财产损失、环境破坏、人员受伤甚至生命丧失。这里与“property damage”“environmental destruction”“loss of life” 并列作宾语，需用名词，“injure”的名词形式为“injury”，既可用作单数形式也可用复数形式，故填injury/injuries。 2．考查时态和语态。句意：这些灾害大体上被分为天气和气候驱动的事件以及地球驱动的事件。“disasters”与“classify”之间是被动关系，即灾害被分类，且描述一般情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语“disasters”是复数，be动词用are。故填are classified。 3．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：与天气有关的灾害通常由极端天气条件导致，其中飓风和台风带来的强降雨会引发严重的洪水。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“extreme weather conditions”，关系词在从句中作介词“among” 的宾语，用which 引导。故填which。 4．考查词性转换（名词变形容词）。句意：火山爆发会释放出熔岩流和有毒气体，危及周围的社区。这里修饰名词 “gases”，用形容词，“poison”的形容词形式是“poisonous”，意为 “有毒的”。故填poisonous。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这些事件发生后，当面临提供紧急救援、重建基础设施和支持受灾居民等挑战时，社区总是忙个不停。“communities”与“face” 之间是被动关系，即社区被面临……，用过去分词作状语，固定搭配“be faced with...”意为“面临……”。故填faced。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：更糟糕的是，灾难发生后，许多受害者会遭受长期的精神问题。“many victims”与“follow”之间是主动关系，即受害者在灾难之后，用现在分词作状语。故填following。 7．考查连词。句意：虽然我们无法阻止这些事件的发生，但我们可以采取积极措施为它们做好准备，并将其影响降至最低。根据语境，前后句是转折关系，“虽然…… 但是……”，用 While/Though/Although 引导让步状语从句。首字母大写。故填While/Though/Although。 8．考查不定式。句意：为了减轻自然灾害的影响，社会必须做好充分准备，包括能让居民了解潜在灾害的早期预警系统、应急响应计划和抗灾建筑。“in an attempt to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“试图做某事，为了做某事”。故填to relieve。 9．考查固定搭配。句意：为了减轻自然灾害的影响，社会必须做好充分准备，包括能让居民了解潜在灾害的早期预警系统、应急响应计划和抗灾建筑。“inform sb. of/about sth.”是固定搭配，意为 “通知某人某事，使某人了解某事”。故填of/about。 10．考查不定冠词。句意：此外，教育和宣传活动可以帮助社区更好地了解风险以及如何有效应对。“have a better understanding of...”是固定搭配，意为“对…… 有更好的理解”。链接辅音音素，故填a。 Passage3.There was less sea ice covering the oceans in February of this year than at any other point on record. “One of the 1 (consequence) of a warmer world is melting sea ice, and the record or near-record low sea ice cover at both poles has pushed global sea ice cover to an all-time minimum,” said Samantha Burgess 2 a statement. Global average temperatures in February of this year 3 (rise) 1.59°C above the per-industrial average, 4 (make) it the third-warmest February on record, according to the European Union’s climate service Copernicus. These high temperatures impacted the global sea ice extent, 5 includes both the Arctic, where sea ice is currently near its annual maximum, and the Antarctic. The satellite record for both regions extends back to 1979. In the Arctic, sea ice remained at 8 percent below average throughout February, missing an area of ice 6 (rough) the size of the UK. This was the third consecutive month 7 (set) a new monthly record low in the Arctic. 8 (see) over the past two years, this decline in the 9 (north) hemisphere (半球) has combined with a longer-term decline in Antarctic sea ice. Antarctic sea ice seemed to recover to near average levels in December of last year 10 it then rapidly declined again. In February, the ice reached its fourth-lowest extent on record for the month, remaining 26 percent below average. 【答案】1．consequences 2．in 3．rose 4．making 5．which 6．roughly 7．to set 8．Seen 9．northern 10．but/yet 【导语】本文为说明文，主要讲述今年二月全球海冰覆盖面积达到了历史最低点。 1．考查名词复数。句意：世界变暖的后果之一是海冰融化，两极创纪录或接近纪录的低海冰覆盖率将全球海冰覆盖率推到了历史最低水平。这里考查“one of the + 可数名词复数”，表示“…… 之一”。故填consequences。 2．考查介词。句意：萨曼莎・伯吉斯在一份声明中说。这里考查in a statement，为固定搭配，意为“在声明中”。故填in。 3．考查时态。句意：根据欧盟气候服务机构哥白尼的数据，今年2月全球平均气温比工业平均气温高出1.59°C，成为有记录以来第三温暖的2月。此空考查谓语动词，主语Global average temperatures与rise为主动关系，在根据时间状语in February of this year可知，这里用一般过去时，rise的过去式为rose。故填rose。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据欧盟气候服务机构哥白尼的数据，今年2月全球平均气温比工业平均气温高出1.59°C，成为有记录以来第三温暖的2月。此空考查非谓语，由语境可知，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。 5．考查定语从句。句意：这些高温影响了全球海冰范围，其中包括目前海冰接近年度最大值的北极和南极。此空考查非限制性定语从句，先行词global sea ice extent，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 6．考查副词。句意：在北极，整个2月海冰面积比平均水平低8%，缺失的冰层面积大致相当于英国的大小。修饰名词短语the size of the UK可用副词roughly，表示“大致地”。故填roughly。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是北极连续第三个月创下新的月度纪录低点。名词month被序数词third修饰，应用不定式作后置定语，表示“连续第三个做某事的月份”。故填to set。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：从过去两年的情况来看，北半球的这种下降与南极海冰的长期减少相结合。此空考查非谓语，decline与see为被动关系（被观察到），再由语境可知，应用过去分词作状语，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Seen。 9．考查形容词。句意：从过去两年的情况来看，北半球的这种下降与南极海冰的长期减少相结合。修饰名词hemisphere用形容词northern，northern hemisphere，意为“北半球”。故填northern。 10．考查连词。句意：去年12月，南极海冰似乎恢复到接近平均水平，但随后又迅速下降。分析句子结构可知，前后句为转折关系，应用连词but或yet。故填but或yet。 Passage4.In recent years, natural disasters 1 (hit) the world frequently, causing great damage to human life and property. Floods, typhoons, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are some of the most common disasters. A flood usually occurs when there is a sudden increase in rainfall or when rivers overflow their banks. It can flood large areas, destroy houses and crops, and even 2 (threat) people’s lives. In some cases, people have to evacuate their homes and move to safety places. Typhoons, known as hurricanes in the Atlantic Ocean, are powerful storms that can bring strong winds, heavy rain and high waves. They often hit coastal areas, causing 3 (destroy) damage to buildings, trees and infrastructure. To protect themselves from typhoons, people usually prepare 4 advance, such as storing food and water, securing windows and doors, and evacuating to shelters. Earthquakes can happen at any time and without warning. When an earthquake occurs, the ground shakes 5 (heavy), which can lead to the collapse of buildings, bridges and other structures. The impact of an earthquake can be felt over a wide area, and the aftershocks can also cause 6 (far) damage. Volcanic eruptions occur 7 magma (岩浆), gas and rock erupt from a volcano. They can release large amounts of ash, lava (熔岩) and toxic (有毒的) gases into the air, 8 (affect) the environment and people’s health. In the face of natural disasters, 9 is important for people to take preventive measures and stay informed. Governments and organizations around the world are working hard on ways 10 (improve) disaster prediction and response abilities to reduce the impact of natural disasters on human society. 【答案】1．have hit 2．threaten 3．destructive 4．in 5．heavily 6．further 7．when 8．affecting 9．it 10．to improve 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了近年来全球频发的自然灾害类型（洪水、台风、地震、火山喷发）及其危害，同时提及人类应对灾害的措施和全球在提升灾害预测与应对能力方面的努力。 1．考查动词时态。句意：近年来，自然灾害频繁袭击世界，对人类生命和财产造成巨大损失。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“In recent years”可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的动作，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语natural disasters为复数。故填have hit。 2．考查动词。句意：它可以淹没大片地区，摧毁房屋和庄稼，甚至威胁人们的生命。此处与 flood和destroy并列，位于情态动词can后，用动词原形，threat的动词形式为threaten意为“威胁”。故填threaten。 3．考查形容词。句意：它们经常袭击沿海地区，对建筑物、树木和基础设施造成毁灭性破坏。此处修饰名词damage，用形容词作定语，destroy的形容词为destructive意为“毁灭性的”符合句意。故填destructive。 4．考查介词。句意：为了保护自己免受台风袭击，人们通常会提前准备，比如储存食物和水，固定门窗，疏散到避难所。此处为固定搭配in advance意为“提前”，所以此处使用介词in。故填in。 5．考查副词。句意：地震发生时，地面剧烈震动，可能导致建筑物、桥梁和其他结构倒塌。此处修饰动词shakes，用副词作状语，heavy的副词为heavily意为“剧烈地”符合句意。故填heavily。 6．考查形容词比较级。句意：地震的影响可以在广泛的区域内感受到，余震也可能造成进一步的破坏。根据上文的“The impact of an earthquake can be felt over a wide area(地震的影响可以在广泛的区域内感受到)”可知，地震影响面很广，而此处讲述的是余震造成的影响可能会是进一步地破坏，所以此处表示“进一步的”，用形容词far的比较级further。故填further。 7．考查时间状语从句。句意：当岩浆、气体和岩石从火山喷发时，就会发生火山喷发。此处为从属连词引导的状语从句，结合句意，此处表示的是时间，所以为when引导的时间状语从句，表示“当……时”。故填when。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：它们可以向空气中释放大量的火山灰、熔岩和有毒气体，影响环境和人们的健康。此处为非谓语动词作状语，They指代Volcanic eruptions与affect为逻辑主动关系，用现在分词affecting。故填affecting。 9．考查形式主语。句意：面对自然灾害，人们采取预防措施并保持信息畅通是很重要的。此处用it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语“to take preventive measures and stay informed”。故填it。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：世界各国政府和组织正在努力寻找改善灾害预测和应对能力的方法，以减少自然灾害对人类社会的影响。此处作名词ways的后置定语，通常使用不定式形式，所以此处使用动词不定式to improve。故填to improve。 Passage5.In America, in 1988, Samuel, who was one of the local 1 (resident), sent his son, Armand, to school. Samuel hugged the boy gently. 2 (look) the boy in the eye, Samuel said, “Have a good day, and remember, I’ll always be there for you if necessary.” Hours later, so horrible 3 earthquake happened. Samuel tried to discover what had happened to his son, but he couldn’t get any information. Samuel as well as other parents instantly headed for the schoolyard. When he reached the area, all that he saw brought tears to his eyes. With the school 4 (destroy) completely, it was a pile of debris (碎片) then. Having found the location 5 Armand’s classroom used to stay, Samuel began pulling a broken rock off the pile and put it to the side, and then grabbed another one. One of the parents standing nearby asked, “What are you doing?” “Digging for my son. Broken stones and bricks 6 (remove) by me now,” Samuel answered. The man then said, “You will make things worse! The building is so unstable as to fall down at any time.” He tried to stop Samuel. 7 spite of that, Samuel just kept working. As time went on, one by one, the other parents left. Samuel was the only parent who was staying there. All through the night and into the next day, Samuel continued digging. Suddenly, he heard a weak cry, “Help! Help!” Samuel listened but didn’t hear anything again. Then he heard a muffled (沉闷的) voice, “Papa?” Samuel began to dig crazily. At last, to his great 8 (satisfy), he could see his son. “Come on out, son! I am 9 (eager) searching for you,” he said excitedly. “No,” Armand said. “Let the other kids with whom I am staying get out first because I know you’ll get me.” Samuel could make out what his son had said. After all the fourteen children had survived the disaster, they were all quite 10 (gratitude) to Samuel for rescuing them. 【答案】1．residents 2．Looking 3．an 4．destroyed/having been destroyed 5．where 6．are being removed 7．In 8．satisfaction 9．eagerly 10．grateful 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了1988年美国发生地震后，居民塞缪尔在学校废墟中坚持不懈挖掘，最终成功救出儿子及其他14个孩子的故事。 1．考查名词复数形式。句意：1988 年，在美国，当地居民之一塞缪尔送他的儿子阿曼德去上学。“one of + 可数名词复数” 表示 “…… 之一”，是固定用法，故填residents。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：看着男孩的眼睛，塞缪尔说：“祝你度过愉快的一天，记住，如果有必要，我会一直在你身边。”句子主语Samuel与look之间是主动关系，即Samuel发出look这个动作，且look与谓语动词said同时发生。现在分词作伴随状语，首字母大写。故填Looking。 3．考查不定冠词。句意：几个小时后，一场可怕的地震发生了。“earthquake”是可数名词，在文中首次提及，表示“一场地震”。不定冠词用于可数名词单数前，“earthquake”以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：学校被完全摧毁了，那时它成了一堆废墟。 “With the school 4 (destroy) completely”是with复合结构，“the school”是宾语，所填内容作宾语补足语。“school”与“destroy”之间是被动关系，即学校被摧毁，所以可以用过去分词destroyed作宾语补足语。同时，“学校被摧毁” 这个动作发生在 “it was a pile of debris then”之前，现在分词的完成被动式 having been destroyed也可作宾语补足语，表示动作先于主句动作发生。故填(having been) destroyed。 5．考查定语从句。句意：找到了阿曼德教室曾经所在的位置后，塞缪尔开始从废墟中搬走一块破碎的石头并把它放到一边，然后又抓起另一块。空处引导定语从句，先行词是“the location”，在从句中作地点状语，关系副词where，故填where。 6．考查时态和语态。句意：碎石和砖块现在正在被我移走。由时间状语“now”可知，句子时态为现在进行时，表示当前正在进行的动作。“Broken stones and bricks”与“remove”之间是被动关系，故填are being removed。 7．考查固定短语。句意：尽管如此，塞缪尔还是继续工作。“in spite of”是固定短语，意为“尽管，不顾”。首字母大写。故填In。 8．考查名词。句意：最后，令他非常满意的是，他看到了他的儿子。“to one’s + 名词”是固定搭配，意为“令某人…… 的是”。“satisfy”是动词，其名词形式是satisfaction。不可数。故填satisfaction。 9．考查副词。句意：“出来吧，儿子！我急切地在找你。” 他兴奋地说。 “searching”是动词，修饰动词要用副词。“eager”是形容词，其副词形式是eagerly，意为 “急切地，渴望地”，用来修饰动词searching。故填eagerly。 10．考查形容词。句意：在所有14个孩子在灾难中幸存下来后，他们都非常感激塞缪尔救了他们。“were”是系动词，系动词后接形容词作表语。“gratitude”是名词，其形容词形式是grateful，“be grateful to sb. for doing sth.”是固定短语，意为 “因某人做某事而感激某人”，故填grateful。 Passage6.In the Nazirpur subdistrict, located in Bangladesh’s riverine district of Pirojpur, solving the harmful consequences of flood was found 1 (challenge). Over the past 25 years, 45-year-old farmer Mohammad Kawsar Mia, 2 (follow) the traditions of his ancestors, has practiced “floating cultivation (漂浮耕作)”, 3 method that is valuable for numerous families in these flood regions. In these areas 4 flood lasts for eight to ten months annually, farmers have difficulty in practicing traditional farming on solid ground. 5 response, farmers, such as Mia, have made floating beds using water plants. With these beds, they can grow a variety of crops, such as eggplants and leafy vegetables. The amazing farming technique is passed down from one generation to the next without 6 (interrupt), helping to relieve the poverty of local families. With the rainy season becoming 7 (increase) unstable, floating agriculture has been gaining importance. At this time of year, 75% of the country’s surface area 8 (flood), which makes techniques like floating cultivation crucial 9 (achieve) food security. Additionally, the government’s support, if properly 10 (manage), will further boost this sustainable practice. 【答案】1．challenging 2．following 3．a 4．where 5．In 6．interruption 7．increasingly 8．is flooded 9．to achieve 10．managed 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了孟加拉国纳齐尔布尔分区农民采用漂浮耕作应对洪水影响。 1．考查形容词。句意：在位于孟加拉国河流区皮罗杰布尔的纳齐尔布尔分区，人们发现解决洪水的有害后果具有挑战性。此处作主语补足语，表示“有挑战性的”，应用形容词challenging。故填challenging。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的25年里，45岁的农民穆罕默德・考萨尔・米娅遵循祖先的传统，一直从事“漂浮耕作”，这是一种对这些洪水地区的众多家庭都很有价值的方法。句中已有谓语动词has practiced，所以此处用非谓语动词。farmer Mohammad Kawsar Mia与follow“遵循”之间是主动关系，用现在分词following，作伴随状语。故填following。 3．考查冠词。句意：在过去的25年里，45岁的农民穆罕默德・考萨尔・米娅遵循祖先的传统，一直从事“漂浮耕作”，这是一种对这些洪水地区的众多家庭都很有价值的方法。此处泛指“一种方法”，且method是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 4．考查定语从句。句意：在这些每年洪水持续八到十个月的地区，农民很难在坚实的土地上进行传统耕作。“___ flood lasts for eight to ten months annually”为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词areas，代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 5．考查介词。句意：作为回应，像米亚这样的农民用水生植物制作了漂浮床。in response为固定短语，意为“作为回应”，本空用介词in，符合题意，句首单词首字母大写。故填In。 6．考查名词。句意：这种惊人的农业技术代代相传，从未中断，有助于缓解当地家庭的贫困。此处为without的宾语，应用名词interruption“中断”。故填interruption。 7．考查副词。句意：随着雨季变得越来越不稳定，漂浮农业的重要性日益凸显。此处修饰形容词unstable，用副词increasingly“日益，越来越多地”，作状语。故填increasingly。 8．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：每年这个时候，该国75%的地区都会被洪水淹没，这使得漂浮耕作等技术对于实现粮食安全至关重要。空格处作句子谓语，结合时间状语At this time of year可知，句子描述的是客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语75% of the country’s surface area与动词flood“淹没”之间是动宾关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语75% of the country’s surface area不可数，be动词用is。故填is flooded。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：每年这个时候，该国75%的地区都会被洪水淹没，这使得漂浮耕作等技术对于实现粮食安全至关重要。which引导的定语从句的谓语为makes，所以achieve“实现”要用非谓语动词形式，此处表目的，用不定式。故填to achieve。 10．考查状语从句中的省略。句意：此外，如果管理得当，政府的支持将进一步推动这一可持续做法。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的条件状语从句完整句子为if the government’s support is properly managed，省略主语和is，保留过去分词managed。故填managed。 Passage7.This year’s World Earth Day theme is “Planet vs. Plastics”. The day is 1 annual event that 2 (honor) the achievements of the environmental movement and raises 3 (aware) of protecting Earth’s natural resources for future generations. Aiming 4 (create) a platform for governments, business, academic and social institutions to cooperate in dealing with the climate crisis, the first Shanghai Climate Week, 5 theme is “China Action, Asian Voice, Global Standard”, kicked off on April 22nd after months of preparations. “China has made lots of efforts in carbon reduction. So we hope that through our actions, we can raise the voice of Asia and let the world see our efforts. 6 is also hoped that many of our actions and efforts will become standards for the future,” said Rao Wei, deputy secretary-general, Secretariat of Executive Committee, Shanghai Climate Week. The Shanghai Climate Week also focused on the younger generation’s education and training in 7 (sustain) development. “we also serve as a platform for international collaboration — 8 (particular) emphasizing and enhancing knowledge exchange and practice-sharing. For example, we can bring the best practices in China to people and 9 (country) around the world. And also, the other way round,” said Rao. “We will hold a series of activities and forums (论坛), 10 (discuss) paths to a greener world and helping China meet its carbon goals.” 【答案】1．an 2．honors 3．awearness 4．to create 5．whose 6．It 7．sustainable 8．particularly 9．countries 10．discussing 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了今年世界地球日的主题以及上海气候周的启动和目标。 1．考查冠词。句意：这一天是一个年度活动，旨在纪念环保运动的成就，并提高人们对保护地球自然资源以造福子孙后代的认识。此处泛指“一个年度活动”，且annual是以元音音素开头的单词，前面需加不定冠词an。故填an。 2．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这一天是一个年度活动，旨在纪念环保运动的成就，并提高人们对保护地球自然资源以造福子孙后代的认识。that引导定语从句修饰先行词event，从句中缺少谓语动词，honor“纪念”与从句主语that指代的event之间是主动关系，且句子陈述的是客观事实，时态应用一般现在时，event为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填honors。 3．考查名词。句意：这一天是一个年度活动，旨在纪念环保运动的成就，并提高人们对保护地球自然资源以造福子孙后代的认识。此处作raises的宾语，应用名词awareness“意识”。故填awareness。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：在经过数月的准备后，首届上海气候周于4月22日拉开帷幕，其主题是“中国行动、亚洲声音、全球标准”，旨在为政府、企业、学术机构和社会机构搭建一个应对气候危机的合作平台。aim to do sth.为固定短语，意为“旨在做某事”，此处应用动词create“创造”的不定式，作宾语。故填to create。 5．考查定语从句。句意：在经过数月的准备后，首届上海气候周于4月22日拉开帷幕，其主题是“中国行动、亚洲声音、全球标准”，旨在为政府、企业、学术机构和社会机构搭建一个应对气候危机的合作平台。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the first Shanghai Climate Week，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作theme的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 6．考查形式主语。句意：“我们还希望，我们的许多行动和努力将成为未来的标准，”上海气候周执行委员会副秘书长饶威说。It is hoped that…(希望)为固定句型，此处为it作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填It。 7．考查形容词。句意：上海气候周还关注年轻一代在可持续发展方面的教育和培训。此处修饰名词development，应用形容词sustainable“可持续的”，作定语。故填sustainable。 8．考查副词。句意：我们还作为一个国际合作平台，特别强调和加强知识交流和实践分享。此处修饰动词emphasizing and enhancing，应用副词particularly“特别地”，作状语。故填particularly。 9．考查名词的数。句意：例如，我们可以把中国的最佳实践带给世界各地的人民和国家。country“国家”为可数名词，根据around the world可知，此处指不止一个国家，应用复数形式。故填countries。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们将举办一系列活动和论坛，讨论通往更绿色世界的道路，并帮助中国实现其碳目标。本句已有谓语will hold，此处应用非谓语动词，discuss“讨论”与逻辑主语We之间是主动关系，应用现在分词discussing，作状语。故填discussing。 Passage8.There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer. In 2013, many people 1 (shock) by a news photo of a dead polar bear which appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea­ ice levels 2 (cause) by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before, so it had to travel greater distance 3 (find) food. Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”, 4 has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man­made” greenhouse effect. The “man­made” greenhouse effect has now become 5 big problem. There is strong and comprehensive evidence 6 the rise in temperature has led 7 an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide. In fact, news reports are 8 (frequent) broadcast about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses. Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long­-lasting changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. We as individuals can reduce our “carbon footprint” by 9 (restrict) the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility 10 (seize) every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming. 【答案】1．were shocked 2．caused 3．to find 4．which 5．a 6．that 7．to 8．frequently 9．restricting 10．to seize 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍地球变暖现象、成因及应对措施。 1．考查谓语动词。句意：在 2013 年，许多人被一张死去的北极熊的新闻照片震惊了，这只北极熊似乎是饿死的。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语为In 2013可知，此处为一般过去时，主语many people与shock之间是被动关系，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，people是复数，所以be动词用were。故填were shocked。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：专家声称，由气候变化引起的低海冰水平意味着这只熊不能像以前那样捕猎海豹了，所以它不得不走更远的距离去寻找食物。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰low sea­ice levels，low sea­ice levels与cause之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词caused作后置定语。故填caused。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：专家声称，由气候变化引起的低海冰水平意味着这只熊不能像以前那样捕猎海豹了，所以它不得不走更远的距离去寻找食物。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，“travel greater distance”的目的是“find food”，所以此处使用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to find。 4．考查定语从句。句意：气候科学家经常提到一个关键的气候过程，叫做 “温室效应”，它有两个常见的含义：“自然”温室效应和“人为”温室效应。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是the “greenhouse effect”，在从句中作主语，指代物，所以用关系代词which。故填which。 5．考查冠词。句意：“人为”温室效应现在已经成为了一个大问题。problem是可数名词，big是以辅音音素开头的单词，此处表示泛指“一个大问题”，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 6．考查同位语从句。句意：有有力且全面的证据表明，气温上升已经导致了全球范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加。此处为连接词引导的同位语从句，是对evidence的具体内容的解释说明，从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，所以用连接词that，引导同位语从句。故填that。 7．考查固定搭配。句意：有有力且全面的证据表明，气温上升已经导致了全球范围内极端天气和自然灾害的增加。此处是固定短语lead to，意为“导致”，所以此处应为介词to。故填to。 8．考查副词。句意：事实上，关于极端暴雨和热浪造成死亡和经济损失的新闻报道频繁地播出。此处需要用副词来修饰动词，frequent的副词形式是frequently，表示 “频繁地”。故填frequently。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们作为个人可以通过限制我们的生活方式所产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。by是介词，后面接动名词作宾语。故填restricting。 10．考查固定句型。句意：抓住每一个机会去教育每个人关于全球变暖的知识是我们的责任。此处为“it作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语”结构，所以此处使用动词不定式形式to seize。故填to seize。 Passage9.Kenya sped up efforts on Thursday to evacuate (疏散) hundreds of people trapped by floods 1 have hit many parts of the East African country. Floods 2 (make) more than 600,000 homeless since the beginning of heavy rains in November, according to the Red Cross, which is helping to coordinate the rescue efforts. Tens of thousands of people in Northern Kenya have lost livestock (家畜), farmland 3 homes due to the floods 4 (describe) by aid groups as the worst in 100 years. An international team of scientists reported last week that the ongoing rains in Eastern Africa have become much 5 (heavy) than before due to human-caused climate change. On Wednesday, British High Commissioner Neil Wigan 6 (visit) remote Mandera County, where a severe drought a year ago destroyed the livelihoods of people in many 7 (community). “Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing everyone in the world, but you see in places like northern Kenya, where the impact of the drought and livestock dying and now the flood on people’s livelihood has been 8 (absolute) huge,” Wigan said. “We can make efforts to provide foods, medicine and other necessary supplies 9 people in the short run, but how can we build systems nationally and internationally aiming 10 (deal) with the effects of climate change?” 【答案】1．that/which 2．have made 3．and/or 4．described 5．heavier 6．visited 7．communities 8．absolutely 9．for 10．to deal 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍肯尼亚因洪水加速疏散受困民众，以及洪水带来的影响和相关应对讨论。 1．考查定语从句。句意：肯尼亚周四加快努力疏散数百名被洪水困住的人，这些洪水袭击了这个东非国家的许多地区。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为floods，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以使用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 2．考查动词时态。句意：据红十字会称，自11月开始遭遇强降雨以来，洪水已导致超过60万人无家可归，红十字会正在协助协调救援工作。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语since the beginning of heavy rains in November可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，主语Floods是复数，所以谓语动词为have made。故填have made。 3．考查连词。句意：由于被援助组织称为百年一遇的洪水，肯尼亚北部数万人失去了家畜、农田和/或家园。此处为连词连接livestock (家畜)、farmland和空后的homes，结合句意，这里表示并列关系或选择关系，所以此处使用并列连词and或or。故填and/or。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于被援助组织称为百年一遇的洪水，肯尼亚北部数万人失去了家畜、农田和/或家园。句中已有谓语动词have lost，所以此处为非谓语动词，describe与floods之间是被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词作后置定语。故填described。 5．考查形容词的比较级。句意：一个国际科学家小组上周报告说，由于人为造成的气候变化，东非持续的降雨比以前变得更加猛烈了。由than before可知，此处应用比较级，heavy的比较级为heavier意为“更加猛烈”。故填heavier。 6．考查动词时态。句意：周三，英国高级专员尼尔·威根访问了偏远的曼德拉郡，那里一年前的严重干旱摧毁了许多社区居民的生计。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语On Wednesday可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填visited。 7．考查名词复数。句意：周三，英国高级专员尼尔·威根访问了偏远的曼德拉郡，那里一年前的严重干旱摧毁了许多社区居民的生计。community意为“社区”为可数名词，由many修饰，应用复数形式。故填communities。 8．考查副词。句意：“气候变化是全世界每个人面临的最大挑战之一，但在肯尼亚北部这样的地区，干旱、牲畜死亡以及现在的洪水对人们生计造成的影响是巨大的。” 威根说道。此处应用副词修饰形容词huge，absolute的副词形式为absolutely。故填absolutely。 9．考查介词。句意：我们可以努力在短期内为人们提供食物、药品和其他生活必需品，但我们应如何在国家和国际层面建立旨在应对气候变化影响的体系呢？此处为固定搭配provide sth. for sb.，意为“为某人提供某物”，所以此处使用介词for。故填for。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们可以努力在短期内为人们提供食物、药品和其他生活必需品，但我们应如何在国家和国际层面建立旨在应对气候变化影响的体系呢？此处为为固定短语aim to do sth.，意为“旨在做某事”，所以此处使用动词不定式形式作宾语。故填to deal。 Passage10.More than 30 islands in the Caribbean Sea make up 1 country of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. A volcano called La Soufrière is located on the largest island of the St. Vincent and the Grenadines chain. On April 9, 2021, La Soufrière erupted. Thousands of people on the island 2 (force) to leave their homes. The massive explosion sent hot ash as high as 32,000 3 (foot) into the sky. For days, the volcano continued to erupt, 4 (send) out ash and lava (岩浆). It destroyed everything in 5 (it) path. Government-run shelters and cruise ships (游轮) have taken in some locals. Others have fled to nearby islands 6 (get) out of harm. Government calls 7 people to stay calm and continue to protect themselves against COVID-19. There have been no reports of injuries or property damage so far. La Soufrière began showing signs of activity in December. Until then, it 8 (be) inactive for decades. It last erupted in 1979. A farmer, 9 escaped from his home on April 11, remembers the last big 10 (erupt). “This one is more serious,” he says. 【答案】1．the 2．were forced 3．feet 4．sending 5．its 6．to get 7．on 8．had been 9．who 10．eruption 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加勒比海圣文森特和格林纳丁斯的拉苏弗里耶尔火山于2021年4月9日喷发，数千人被迫撤离，火山喷发带来的危害及政府的应对措施等情况。 1．考查冠词。句意：加勒比海中的30多个岛屿组成了圣文森特和格林纳丁斯这个国家。“country of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines”是特指圣文森特和格林纳丁斯这个国家，要用定冠词the限定。故填the。 2．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2021年4月9日，拉苏弗里耶尔火山喷发。岛上数千人被迫离开家园。force(迫使)是谓语动词，与主语Thousands of people之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“On April 9, 2021”可知，讲述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式；综上，谓语动词用一般过去时被动语态，复数形式。故填were forced。 3．考查名词。句意：巨大的爆炸将滚烫的火山灰喷射到高达32000英尺的空中。可数名词foot作宾语，意为“英尺”，根据前面的32,000可知，要用复数形式。故填feet。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：几天来，火山继续喷发，喷出火山灰和岩浆。“(send) out ash and lava”作伴随状语，send(发出)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the volcano之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填sending。 5．考查代词。句意：它摧毁了沿途的一切。修饰名词path要用形容词性物主代词，指代前面的the volcano，要用its作定语。故填its。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：其他人逃到附近的岛屿以远离危险。“(get) out of harm”是“fled to nearby islands”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to get。 7．考查介词。句意：政府呼吁人们保持冷静，并继续做好新冠疫情防护。call on sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“呼吁某人做某事”。故填on。 8．考查时态。句意：拉苏弗里耶尔火山在12月开始显示出活动迹象。在此之前，它已经几十年没有活动了。根据时间状语“Until then”可知，“be inactive”这个状态发生在“began showing signs of activity”之前，即“过去的过去”，要用过去完成时态。故填had been。 9．考查定语从句。句意：一位农民于4月11日逃离了自己的家，他还记得上次的大喷发。“_____ escaped from his home on April 11”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词A farmer，指人，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。 10．考查名词。句意：一位农民于4月11日逃离了自己的家，他还记得上次的大喷发。提示词在句中作宾语，要用名词eruption，意为“喷发”，是可数名词，根据前面的the last可知，要用单数形式。故填eruption。 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$