热点话题01 学习方法与生活规划（话题阅读精练）英语高二通用版

热点话题01 学习方法与生活规划 教材相关主题 教材 单元 主题 人教版2019选择性必修四 Unit 5 未来职业发展趋势与个人职业规划 外研版2019选择性必修二 Unit 1 认识自我、丰富自我与完善自我 外研版2019选择性必修二 Unit 2 不断完善自我认知，提升自我管理能力 译林版2020选择性必修四 Unit 3 职业、技能与个人发展 话题阅读精练 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage 1 阅读理解 议论文 317 讲述了写作与思考的关系，以及AI对学生写作的影响。 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 364 测试效应作为一种有效的学习方法，通过自我测试可以提高记忆和学习效果。 Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 322 研究表明现在学校的课堂活动学生参与度很低，被动学习，需要改变。 Passage 4 阅读理解 说明文 347 讲述了社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的。 Passage 5 七选五阅读 议论文 250 介绍大学生应该参加学生俱乐部和学生组织的4个原因。 Passage 6 语法填空 议论文 273 论述了终身学习的益处以及终身学习的必要性。 主题简析素材积累 本专题的主题语境为 “学习方法与生活规划”，该主题在英语课程标准中是关于 “人与自我” 主题范畴下，“学会学习，认识自我，完善自我” 的子话题。“人与自我” 主题旨在引导学生学会如何科学地规划学习、认识自身优势与不足，并通过合理的生活规划实现个人成长与自我完善 ，在英语学习中融入这一主题，有助于学生提升自我管理能力，同时增强英语语言运用能力。 句子积累 【阐述学习方法】​ One of the most effective ways to improve your learning efficiency is to adopt a variety of learning methods, such as...（提高学习效率最有效的方法之一是采用多种学习方法，例如……） By taking effective notes in class and reviewing them regularly, you can better understand and remember the knowledge.（通过在课堂上做好有效笔记并定期复习，你能够更好地理解和记住知识。）​ Active learning, rather than passive reception, plays a crucial role in enhancing our understanding of the subject.（主动学习，而非被动接受，在加深我们对学科的理解方面起着至关重要的作用。） 【讨论生活规划】​ It is essential to set clear life goals and break them down into smaller, achievable steps.（设定明确的生活目标并将其分解为更小、可实现的步骤至关重要。）​ Balancing work and life is a challenge for many people, but it can be achieved through proper time management and self - discipline.（平衡工作与生活对许多人来说是一个挑战，但可以通过适当的时间管理和自律来实现。）​ A well-designed personal development plan can guide you towards continuous self - improvement.（一个精心设计的个人发展计划可以引导你不断自我提升。） 必备词块 【学习方法类】​ effective learning strategies（有效的学习策略）​ time - management skills（时间管理技能）​ note - taking techniques（记笔记技巧）​ active learning methods（主动学习方法）​ review and revision（复习与巩固）​ learning resources（学习资源）​ critical thinking ability（批判性思维能力）​ problem - solving skills（解决问题的能力）​ 【生活规划类】​ life goals and objectives（生活目标）​ career planning（职业规划）​ daily/weekly/monthly schedule（每日 / 每周 / 每月日程安排）​ work - life balance（工作与生活的平衡）​ personal development plan（个人发展计划）​ self - discipline（自律）​ stress management（压力管理）​ healthy lifestyle choices（健康的生活方式选择） 实战演练 Passage 1 (云南省玉溪市2024~2025学年高二上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题）All experienced scholars know that writing, as historian Lynn Hunt has argued is “not the printed form of thoughts already consciously present in the writer’s mind.” Rather, writing is a process closely tied to thinking. Writing is hard work. It is sometimes frightening. With the temptation (诱惑) of AI, many — possibly most — of my students were no longer inclined to face this challenge. My graduate students, many of whom were computer scientists, understood the mechanisms of generative AI better than I did. They knew that models are trained on existing data and therefore cannot produce novel research. However, that knowledge did not stop them from relying heavily on generative AI. Many of my students are non-native speakers of English and their writing frequently contained grammatical errors. Generative AI is effective at correcting grammar. However, technology often changes vocabulary. My students lacked the skills to identify and correct subtle shifts in meaning. At the start of every semester, I had students write in class. With that baseline sample as a point of comparison, it was a piece of cake to distinguish between their writing and text generated by Chat GPT. AI-assisted writing is easy to identify but hard to prove. As a result, I found myself spending more time giving feedback to AI than to my students. The best educators will adapt to Al. In some ways, the changes will be positive. Teachers will find ways to encourage students to think critically and learn that writing is a way of generating ideas, revealing contradictions, and clarifying methodologies (方法论). But students must learn to sit with the temporary discovery discomfort with faith in their own cognitive abilities as they write and revise their way into clarity. I hope my students would be willing to enter those uncomfortable spaces or remain there long enough to discover the significant advantages of writing. 1．Why did the author cite Lynn Hunt’s words? A．To introduce the concept of generative AI writing. B．To show historians have different views on writing. C．To stress the idea that writing and thinking are closely related. D．To emphasize the fact that thoughts are presented in printed forms. 2．Why did many of the author’s students depend on generative AI deeply? A．They were computer experts. B．They had no extra time to write. C．They wanted to find novel research. D．They considered writing to be tough work. 3．What problem did the author encounter when correcting students’ writing? A．It was odd to prove students used AI to write. B．It was hard to distinguish generated-AI writing. C．It was difficult for students to accept the author’s feedback. D．It was easy to discover but hard to prove students used AI to write. 4．What does the author expect her students to do about writing? A．To use more generative AI. B．To spot the vital strength of writing. C．To focus on grammar with the help of AI. D．To avoid the uncomfortable process of writing. Passage 2 (浙江省杭州市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题）When preparing for a test, most students assume it’s best to simply study the material and try to memorize as much of it as possible. Many tests seemingly reward rote (死记硬背) memorization. But what if students trained by testing themselves instead? Usually, studying is considered a safer bet; why risk producing wrong answers when you can just memorize the right one? Yet it turns out making errors early on can be more helpful for remembering information over time. Cognitive psychologists Henry Roddy Roediger and Jeff Karpicke conducted a study where they had hundreds of students memorize passages from a test-preparation book for the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). One group memorized these passages by reading them repeatedly, while another group read the passages several times and then completed three tests. The results were surprising: the students who repeatedly studied the material initially performed better, but when they were tested again a week later, the students who tested themselves recalled over 60% of what they had learned, compared to only 40% for the group who repeatedly studied. The testing effect has since been confirmed in many studies under a range of conditions. Its value remains undoubted, but scientists are still debating why it has such a powerful effect on memory. The simplest explanation is that testing exposes our weaknesses. When we test our memories, we expose the weaknesses of existing neuronal (神经元的) connections in a way that ultimately strengthens what’s useful and removes what’s not, making the information we attempt to memorize more lasting and easier to recall. To maximize the benefits of the testing effect, it’s important to return to the same information in shorter sessions over several days instead of cramming (塞进) everything into a single night of intense studying. This allows your brain to consolidate the information and create stronger memories. In conclusion, testing is not just a tool for assessing your knowledge but also a powerful learning tool. By embracing errors and actively testing yourself, you can improve your learning and memory. So, instead of avoiding mistakes, embrace them as opportunities for growth and mastery. 1．What do we know about Henry and Jeff’s study? A．Self-testing works only in tasks of memorizing things. B．Those who repeatedly studied performed better later. C．Rote memorization doesn’t work well in the long run. D．The study focused mainly on how to prepare for TOFEL. 2．What happens to the brain when people test their memories? A．Additional neuronal connections in the brain are created. B．The brain processes new information at a higher speed. C．The weak connections between neurons are removed. D．Weak but useful neuronal connections become stronger. 3．What is an effective way to study according to paragraph 4? A．Avoiding making the same mistakes in tests. B．Studying everything intensely on a single night. C．Reviewing in shorter sessions over several days. D．Focusing on what is most likely to be on the test. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Cramming for Exams: A Safer Bet for Success B．The Testing Effect: Why Practice Makes Perfect C．The Power of Testing: An Effective Approach to Learning D．The Secret of Learning: How Brains Process Information Passage 3 (河南省郑州市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题）Education experts at the University of South Australia remind teachers that high engagement leads to high returns when it comes to improving student performance. Filming and assessing the content of classrooms across South Australia and Victoria, researchers found in a new study that nearly 70% of student tasks involved superficial learning — simple questions and answers, taking notes, or listening to teachers — rather than activities that engage students on a deeper level. Less than a third of teachers are engaging students in complex learning, limiting student opportunities for critical thinking and problem solving. Dr. Stephenson, a researcher at UniSA, emphasizes that teachers need more support in designing interactive and meaningful lessons that promote deep learning. “The greater the engagement, the deeper the learning. Deep learning helps organize knowledge into conceptual frameworks, enhancing memory and learning outcomes. It also develops innovative thinking. Even small adjustments to lesson plans and teaching techniques can significantly boost student engagement and overall performance,” he explains. At a base level, teachers should consider how they can adjust their existing classroom activities so that more tasks are on the deeper end of learning. For instance, watching a video can be done in various ways: students can watch it passively, take notes using the speaker’s words (active engagement), write questions based on the video’s content (constructive engagement), or watch and discuss the video in a group to generate new ideas (interactive engagement). “Interactive learning motivates students to engage more deeply by making judgments, discussing ideas, and cooperating on solutions,” Dr. Stephenson says. Interestingly, many teachers seem not to know or fully appreciate the importance of how their lesson tasks can stimulate (激发) different modes of student engagement. “Even changing class activities from ‘active’ to ‘constructive’ can go a long way towards improving student leaning,” Dr. Stephenson says. “Teachers should undertake professional development to transform their thinking towards practices that support deeper-learning and better outcomes for students.” 1．What does the underlined word “superficial” probably mean in paragraph 2? A．Interactive. B．Devoted. C．Shallow. D．Accurate. 2．What do education experts advise teachers to do? A．Frequently assess student outcomes. B．Involve students in active learning. C．Increase the use of videos in class. D．Promote students’ planning skills. 3．What can be learned about current class activities? A．They prevent students from distraction. B．They help develop students’ team spirit. C．They make for students’ deep thinking. D．They are in urgent need of transformation. 4．Which activity can improve student performance best? A．Viewing videos. B．Class debates. C．Reading competitions. D．Retelling exercises. Passage 4 (四川省射洪中学2024-2025学年高二（强基班）上学期第一次月考英语试题）Public health data signals a genuine crisis in adolescent mental health: rising rates of anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. But as we worry about teens who are struggling, we can’t ignore another mounting effect — the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world. We have studied teens and tech for over a decade. Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends. And it’s not just staying connected — it’s keeping up with what others post, too. Social media platforms thus make it technically possible to maintain more relationships than we are historically actually wired to track and manage. The result is an overwhelming wave of social information. It’s especially intense for adolescents whose developmental sensitivities drive them to care deeply about what their peers are doing and thinking. Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing, and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from  one relationship to another. Replying too quickly can be seen as over-eager, especially when the friendship is new or not close. But when it’sa close friend, too long a lag (延迟) can be hurtful. The qualities that are key to building or breaking friendships are actually the same as they’ve always been: mutual (相互的) sharing of joys and sorrows, a give and take of acceptance and support, and an ability to weather and resolve conflicts. But technologies have transformed how friendships play out. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are ignored by adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools and other parts of society. 1．What makes teenagers' networks continue to expand? A．The pressure to be nice. B．The requests of their parents. C．The need to meet more people. D．The burden of living independently. 2．What does the author think of being a good friend in the age of social media? A．Risk-taking. B．Time-saving. C．Challenging. D．Exciting. 3．What should be changed according to the last paragraph? A．The influences of social media on teen friendship. B．The relations between parents and their teens. C．The conflicts between schools and parents. D．The qualities of being a teen friend. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．What makes teens become more sensitive to their peers' needs. B．How social media has made teen friendships more stressful. C．How teens nowadays gain long-standing friendships. D．Why more teens are addicted to social media. Passage 5 (2017届福建省泉州市高三下学期高中毕业班3月质量检测英语试卷） Reasons to Take Part in Student Clubs and Organizations Many college students don't know what they're missing by not taking part in the student clubs and organizations that are offered at most colleges and universities. Taking part in one can be a rich and rewarding experience. 1 Check them out and see what's available. Here are a few reasons why you should take part in student clubs and organizations. Meet new people. It can be hard to meet new people in college, especially in your first year. 2 However, in a club, you'll find yourself in a smaller group of people who likely share your interest. Help your major. There are many student clubs and organizations for different majors and departments. Such clubs can be a lot of fun as well as a great academic resource for you. By joining an academic club you will probably have an easier time to know professors in your departments. 19 Learn important leadership skills. Student clubs and organizations can be a good way to learn important leadership skills that would look great on job applications. 3 These skills could be event planning, finance management, and so on. Find a club that you love being a part of and if you work hard you might be able to gain such a position. 4 Lastly, student clubs and organizations can simply be a lot of fun. Make sure to take advantage of student clubs and organizations to make the most of your time in college! A．Have fun. B．Class sizes can be big. C．Never waste energy. D．Take advantage of your major. E．In a club, you will be able to gain other important skills. F．So don't just walk past those tables during clubs week. G．And you might even get access to study skills and other academic advice. Passage 6 As we age, it might seem that the ability to learn new things is 1 (decrease). However, the truth is that we are never too old to learn. Lifelong learning is not just for the young; it is a 2 (constant) process for everyone. Imagine a world where everyone 3 (commit) to lifelong learning. People of all ages would be eager to acquire new knowledge and skills. They would not be satisfied with what they 4 (know) but would always strive to learn more. In such a world, the elderly would not be seen as out of touch with modern technology but as active learners, 5 (explore) new ways to stay connected with family and friends. The benefits of lifelong learning are numerous. It keeps our minds sharp and active, 6 (prevent) cognitive decline as we age. It also provides us with a sense of accomplishment and purpose, 7 can be lost as we retire from our careers. Furthermore, lifelong learning allows us to adapt to the ever-changing world, 8 new technologies and ideas are constantly emerging. Some may argue that it is too late for them to start learning something new. However, as the great philosopher Confucius once said, “It is never too late to learn.” We should embrace the idea that learning is a lifelong journey and never stop   9 (seek) knowledge. In conclusion, lifelong learning is not just a choice but a necessity in today's rapidly changing world. It is through continuous learning that we can grow, adapt, and thrive. So, let us all make a commitment to lifelong learning and never stop 10 (explore) the wonders of the world. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 热点话题01 学习方法与生活规划 教材相关主题 教材 单元 主题 人教版2019选择性必修四 Unit 5 未来职业发展趋势与个人职业规划 外研版2019选择性必修二 Unit 1 认识自我、丰富自我与完善自我 外研版2019选择性必修二 Unit 2 不断完善自我认知，提升自我管理能力 译林版2020选择性必修四 Unit 3 职业、技能与个人发展 话题阅读精练 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage 1 阅读理解 议论文 317 讲述了写作与思考的关系，以及AI对学生写作的影响。 Passage 2 阅读理解 说明文 364 测试效应作为一种有效的学习方法，通过自我测试可以提高记忆和学习效果。 Passage 3 阅读理解 说明文 322 研究表明现在学校的课堂活动学生参与度很低，被动学习，需要改变。 Passage 4 阅读理解 说明文 347 讲述了社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的。 Passage 5 七选五阅读 议论文 250 介绍大学生应该参加学生俱乐部和学生组织的4个原因。 Passage 6 语法填空 议论文 273 论述了终身学习的益处以及终身学习的必要性。 素材积累 主题简析 本专题的主题语境为 “学习方法与生活规划”，该主题在英语课程标准中是关于 “人与自我” 主题范畴下，“学会学习，认识自我，完善自我” 的子话题。“人与自我” 主题旨在引导学生学会如何科学地规划学习、认识自身优势与不足，并通过合理的生活规划实现个人成长与自我完善 ，在英语学习中融入这一主题，有助于学生提升自我管理能力，同时增强英语语言运用能力。 句子积累 【阐述学习方法】​ One of the most effective ways to improve your learning efficiency is to adopt a variety of learning methods, such as...（提高学习效率最有效的方法之一是采用多种学习方法，例如……） By taking effective notes in class and reviewing them regularly, you can better understand and remember the knowledge.（通过在课堂上做好有效笔记并定期复习，你能够更好地理解和记住知识。）​ Active learning, rather than passive reception, plays a crucial role in enhancing our understanding of the subject.（主动学习，而非被动接受，在加深我们对学科的理解方面起着至关重要的作用。） 【讨论生活规划】​ It is essential to set clear life goals and break them down into smaller, achievable steps.（设定明确的生活目标并将其分解为更小、可实现的步骤至关重要。）​ Balancing work and life is a challenge for many people, but it can be achieved through proper time management and self - discipline.（平衡工作与生活对许多人来说是一个挑战，但可以通过适当的时间管理和自律来实现。）​ A well-designed personal development plan can guide you towards continuous self - improvement.（一个精心设计的个人发展计划可以引导你不断自我提升。） 必备词块 【学习方法类】​ effective learning strategies（有效的学习策略）​ time - management skills（时间管理技能）​ note - taking techniques（记笔记技巧）​ active learning methods（主动学习方法）​ review and revision（复习与巩固）​ learning resources（学习资源）​ critical thinking ability（批判性思维能力）​ problem - solving skills（解决问题的能力）​ 【生活规划类】​ life goals and objectives（生活目标）​ career planning（职业规划）​ daily/weekly/monthly schedule（每日 / 每周 / 每月日程安排）​ work - life balance（工作与生活的平衡）​ personal development plan（个人发展计划）​ self - discipline（自律）​ stress management（压力管理）​ healthy lifestyle choices（健康的生活方式选择） 实战演练 Passage 1 (云南省玉溪市2024~2025学年高二上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题）All experienced scholars know that writing, as historian Lynn Hunt has argued is “not the printed form of thoughts already consciously present in the writer’s mind.” Rather, writing is a process closely tied to thinking. Writing is hard work. It is sometimes frightening. With the temptation (诱惑) of AI, many — possibly most — of my students were no longer inclined to face this challenge. My graduate students, many of whom were computer scientists, understood the mechanisms of generative AI better than I did. They knew that models are trained on existing data and therefore cannot produce novel research. However, that knowledge did not stop them from relying heavily on generative AI. Many of my students are non-native speakers of English and their writing frequently contained grammatical errors. Generative AI is effective at correcting grammar. However, technology often changes vocabulary. My students lacked the skills to identify and correct subtle shifts in meaning. At the start of every semester, I had students write in class. With that baseline sample as a point of comparison, it was a piece of cake to distinguish between their writing and text generated by Chat GPT. AI-assisted writing is easy to identify but hard to prove. As a result, I found myself spending more time giving feedback to AI than to my students. The best educators will adapt to Al. In some ways, the changes will be positive. Teachers will find ways to encourage students to think critically and learn that writing is a way of generating ideas, revealing contradictions, and clarifying methodologies (方法论). But students must learn to sit with the temporary discovery discomfort with faith in their own cognitive abilities as they write and revise their way into clarity. I hope my students would be willing to enter those uncomfortable spaces or remain there long enough to discover the significant advantages of writing. 1．Why did the author cite Lynn Hunt’s words? A．To introduce the concept of generative AI writing. B．To show historians have different views on writing. C．To stress the idea that writing and thinking are closely related. D．To emphasize the fact that thoughts are presented in printed forms. 2．Why did many of the author’s students depend on generative AI deeply? A．They were computer experts. B．They had no extra time to write. C．They wanted to find novel research. D．They considered writing to be tough work. 3．What problem did the author encounter when correcting students’ writing? A．It was odd to prove students used AI to write. B．It was hard to distinguish generated-AI writing. C．It was difficult for students to accept the author’s feedback. D．It was easy to discover but hard to prove students used AI to write. 4．What does the author expect her students to do about writing? A．To use more generative AI. B．To spot the vital strength of writing. C．To focus on grammar with the help of AI. D．To avoid the uncomfortable process of writing. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了写作与思考的关系，以及AI对学生写作的影响。 1．推理判断题。由文章第一段“All experienced scholars know that writing, as historian Lynn Hunt has argued is “not the printed form of thoughts already consciously present in the writer’s mind.” Rather, writing is a process closely tied to thinking. (所有经验丰富的学者都知道，正如历史学家Lynn Hunt所言，写作“并非作者头脑中已自觉形成的思想的印刷形式”。相反，写作是一个与思维紧密相连的过程。)”可知，作者引用Lynn Hunt的话是为了强调写作和思考是紧密相关的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Writing is hard work. It is sometimes frightening. With the temptation (诱惑) of AI, many — possibly most — of my students were no longer inclined to face this challenge. (写作是一项艰苦的工作。它有时会让人感到害怕。在人工智能的诱惑下，我的许多学生——可能大多数——都不再愿意面对这一挑战。)”可知，作者的学生认为写作是艰苦的工作，因此他们深度依赖生成式AI。故选D。 3．细节理解题。由文章第四段中“AI-assisted writing is easy to identify but hard to prove. As a result, I found myself spending more time giving feedback to AI than to my students. (辅助人工智能的写作很容易识别，但很难证明。因此，我发现自己花更多时间在对人工智能的反馈上，而不是对我的学生。)”可知，作者在纠正学生写作时遇到的问题是，虽然很容易识别出AI辅助写作，但很难证明学生使用了AI进行写作。故选D。 4．细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“I hope my students would be willing to enter those uncomfortable spaces or remain there long enough to discover the significant advantages of writing. (我希望我的学生能够愿意进入这些不舒适的空间，或者在那里待足够长的时间，以发现写作的巨大优势。)”可知，作者希望她的学生能够发现并重视写作的重要优势。故选B。 Passage 2 (浙江省杭州市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题）When preparing for a test, most students assume it’s best to simply study the material and try to memorize as much of it as possible. Many tests seemingly reward rote (死记硬背) memorization. But what if students trained by testing themselves instead? Usually, studying is considered a safer bet; why risk producing wrong answers when you can just memorize the right one? Yet it turns out making errors early on can be more helpful for remembering information over time. Cognitive psychologists Henry Roddy Roediger and Jeff Karpicke conducted a study where they had hundreds of students memorize passages from a test-preparation book for the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). One group memorized these passages by reading them repeatedly, while another group read the passages several times and then completed three tests. The results were surprising: the students who repeatedly studied the material initially performed better, but when they were tested again a week later, the students who tested themselves recalled over 60% of what they had learned, compared to only 40% for the group who repeatedly studied. The testing effect has since been confirmed in many studies under a range of conditions. Its value remains undoubted, but scientists are still debating why it has such a powerful effect on memory. The simplest explanation is that testing exposes our weaknesses. When we test our memories, we expose the weaknesses of existing neuronal (神经元的) connections in a way that ultimately strengthens what’s useful and removes what’s not, making the information we attempt to memorize more lasting and easier to recall. To maximize the benefits of the testing effect, it’s important to return to the same information in shorter sessions over several days instead of cramming (塞进) everything into a single night of intense studying. This allows your brain to consolidate the information and create stronger memories. In conclusion, testing is not just a tool for assessing your knowledge but also a powerful learning tool. By embracing errors and actively testing yourself, you can improve your learning and memory. So, instead of avoiding mistakes, embrace them as opportunities for growth and mastery. 1．What do we know about Henry and Jeff’s study? A．Self-testing works only in tasks of memorizing things. B．Those who repeatedly studied performed better later. C．Rote memorization doesn’t work well in the long run. D．The study focused mainly on how to prepare for TOFEL. 2．What happens to the brain when people test their memories? A．Additional neuronal connections in the brain are created. B．The brain processes new information at a higher speed. C．The weak connections between neurons are removed. D．Weak but useful neuronal connections become stronger. 3．What is an effective way to study according to paragraph 4? A．Avoiding making the same mistakes in tests. B．Studying everything intensely on a single night. C．Reviewing in shorter sessions over several days. D．Focusing on what is most likely to be on the test. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Cramming for Exams: A Safer Bet for Success B．The Testing Effect: Why Practice Makes Perfect C．The Power of Testing: An Effective Approach to Learning D．The Secret of Learning: How Brains Process Information 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．C 【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了测试效应作为一种有效的学习方法，通过自我测试可以提高记忆和学习效果。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The results were surprising: the students who repeatedly studied the material initially performed better, but when they were tested again a week later, the students who tested themselves recalled over 60% of what they had learned, compared to only 40% for the group who repeatedly studied.”（结果是令人惊讶的：那些反复学习材料的学生一开始表现更好，但当他们一周后再次接受测试时，那些自我测试的学生回忆起了60%以上所学的内容，而反复学习的学生只回忆起了40%。）可知，死记硬背从长远来看效果并不好。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段的“When we test our memories, we expose the weaknesses of existing neuronal (神经元的) connections in a way that ultimately strengthens what’s useful and removes what’s not, making the information we attempt to memorize more lasting and easier to recall. (当我们测试自己的记忆力时，我们会以一种方式暴露现有神经元连接的弱点，这种方式最终会强化有用的连接，去除无用的连接，从而使我们试图记住的信息更加持久，也更容易回想起来。)”可知，测试记忆时，大脑会暴露并强化有用的神经元连接，同时去除无用的连接，由此可知，弱但有用的神经元连接被暴露并得到加强。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段的“To maximize the benefits of the testing effect, it’s important to return to the same information in shorter sessions over several days instead of cramming (塞进) everything into a single night of intense studying. (为了最大限度地发挥测试效果的益处，重要的是在几天内分多个较短的时段来复习同样的知识内容，而不是把所有东西都集中在一个晚上进行高强度的学习。)”可知，有效的学习方法是分几天进行短时间复习，而不是一晚上突击学习，由此可推知，在几天内分多次短时段复习材料是有效的学习方法。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Yet it turns out making errors early on can be more helpful for remembering information over time. (然而，事实证明，早期犯错从长远来看可能更有助于记忆信息。)”以及第三段中的“The testing effect has since been confirmed in many studies under a range of conditions. (测试效应已经在多种条件下通过许多研究得到了证实。)”可知，本文的核心在于探讨测试作为一种有效的学习工具的力量，而且测试对学习和记忆的强大效果，所以“测试的力量：一种有效的学习方法。”概括了全文的主题，是最佳标题。故选C。 Passage 3 (河南省郑州市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题）Education experts at the University of South Australia remind teachers that high engagement leads to high returns when it comes to improving student performance. Filming and assessing the content of classrooms across South Australia and Victoria, researchers found in a new study that nearly 70% of student tasks involved superficial learning — simple questions and answers, taking notes, or listening to teachers — rather than activities that engage students on a deeper level. Less than a third of teachers are engaging students in complex learning, limiting student opportunities for critical thinking and problem solving. Dr. Stephenson, a researcher at UniSA, emphasizes that teachers need more support in designing interactive and meaningful lessons that promote deep learning. “The greater the engagement, the deeper the learning. Deep learning helps organize knowledge into conceptual frameworks, enhancing memory and learning outcomes. It also develops innovative thinking. Even small adjustments to lesson plans and teaching techniques can significantly boost student engagement and overall performance,” he explains. At a base level, teachers should consider how they can adjust their existing classroom activities so that more tasks are on the deeper end of learning. For instance, watching a video can be done in various ways: students can watch it passively, take notes using the speaker’s words (active engagement), write questions based on the video’s content (constructive engagement), or watch and discuss the video in a group to generate new ideas (interactive engagement). “Interactive learning motivates students to engage more deeply by making judgments, discussing ideas, and cooperating on solutions,” Dr. Stephenson says. Interestingly, many teachers seem not to know or fully appreciate the importance of how their lesson tasks can stimulate (激发) different modes of student engagement. “Even changing class activities from ‘active’ to ‘constructive’ can go a long way towards improving student leaning,” Dr. Stephenson says. “Teachers should undertake professional development to transform their thinking towards practices that support deeper-learning and better outcomes for students.” 1．What does the underlined word “superficial” probably mean in paragraph 2? A．Interactive. B．Devoted. C．Shallow. D．Accurate. 2．What do education experts advise teachers to do? A．Frequently assess student outcomes. B．Involve students in active learning. C．Increase the use of videos in class. D．Promote students’ planning skills. 3．What can be learned about current class activities? A．They prevent students from distraction. B．They help develop students’ team spirit. C．They make for students’ deep thinking. D．They are in urgent need of transformation. 4．Which activity can improve student performance best? A．Viewing videos. B．Class debates. C．Reading competitions. D．Retelling exercises. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究表明现在学校的课堂活动学生参与度很低，被动学习，需要改变。专家建议教师设计互动参与形式的课堂活动，从而使学生可以深度思考和学习。 1．词句猜测题。根据划线词后面的解释“simple questions and answers, taking notes, or listening to teachers(简单的问答、记笔记或听老师讲课)”及下文“rather than activities that engage students on a deeper level.(而不是让学生参与更深层次的活动)”可知，该词应该是“简单的，浅显的，表面的”之意，与后面的deeper level意思相反。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第一段“Education experts at the University of South Australia remind teachers that high engagement leads to high returns when it comes to improving student performance.(南澳大利亚大学的教育专家提醒教师，在提高学生表现方面，高参与度会带来高回报)”及第三段“Dr. Stephenson, a researcher at UniSA, emphasizes that teachers need more support in designing interactive and meaningful lessons that promote deep learning.(南澳大学的研究员斯蒂芬森博士强调，教师在设计促进深度学习的互动和有意义的课程时需要更多的支持)”可推测，专家们建议教师们在课堂上多设计互动的活动，让学生积极参与课堂主动学习，而不是被动听课。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“Filming and assessing the content of classrooms across South Australia and Victoria, researchers found in a new study that nearly 70% of student tasks involved superficial learning – simple questions and answers, taking notes, or listening to teachers — rather than activities that engage students on a deeper level. Less than a third of teachers are engaging students in complex learning, limiting student opportunities for critical thinking and problem solving.(研究人员对南澳大利亚州和维多利亚州的课堂内容进行了拍摄和评估，他们在一项新研究中发现，近70%的学生任务都是肤浅的学习——简单的问答、记笔记或听老师讲课——而不是让学生参与更深层次的活动。只有不到三分之一的教师让学生参与复杂的学习，这限制了学生批判性思维和解决问题的机会)”及最后一段“Teachers should undertake professional development to transform their thinking towards practices that support deeper-learning and better outcomes for students.(教师应该进行专业发展，将他们的思维转变为实践，支持更深入的学习，为学生带来更好的结果)”可推测，作者认为现在的课堂活动太简单不能使学生积极参与课堂学习，限制了学生批判性思维和解决问题的机会；由此可知，当前的课堂活动迫切需要改变。故选D项。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段末“or watch and discuss the video in a group to generate new ideas (interactive engagement)(或者在小组中观看和讨论视频以产生新的想法（互动参与）)”及“Interactive learning motivates students to engage more deeply by making judgments, discussing ideas, and cooperating on solutions(互动式学习通过做出判断、讨论想法和合作解决方案，激励学生更深入地参与其中)”可知，课堂讨论是互动参与的活动，可以使学生学习效果更好。故选B项。 Passage 4 (四川省射洪中学2024-2025学年高二（强基班）上学期第一次月考英语试题）Public health data signals a genuine crisis in adolescent mental health: rising rates of anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. But as we worry about teens who are struggling, we can’t ignore another mounting effect — the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world. We have studied teens and tech for over a decade. Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends. And it’s not just staying connected — it’s keeping up with what others post, too. Social media platforms thus make it technically possible to maintain more relationships than we are historically actually wired to track and manage. The result is an overwhelming wave of social information. It’s especially intense for adolescents whose developmental sensitivities drive them to care deeply about what their peers are doing and thinking. Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing, and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from  one relationship to another. Replying too quickly can be seen as over-eager, especially when the friendship is new or not close. But when it’sa close friend, too long a lag (延迟) can be hurtful. The qualities that are key to building or breaking friendships are actually the same as they’ve always been: mutual (相互的) sharing of joys and sorrows, a give and take of acceptance and support, and an ability to weather and resolve conflicts. But technologies have transformed how friendships play out. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are ignored by adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools and other parts of society. 1．What makes teenagers' networks continue to expand? A．The pressure to be nice. B．The requests of their parents. C．The need to meet more people. D．The burden of living independently. 2．What does the author think of being a good friend in the age of social media? A．Risk-taking. B．Time-saving. C．Challenging. D．Exciting. 3．What should be changed according to the last paragraph? A．The influences of social media on teen friendship. B．The relations between parents and their teens. C．The conflicts between schools and parents. D．The qualities of being a teen friend. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．What makes teens become more sensitive to their peers' needs. B．How social media has made teen friendships more stressful. C．How teens nowadays gain long-standing friendships. D．Why more teens are addicted to social media. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Their networks are ever-expanding, in no small part because there’s a sense that being nice means accepting fellow requests from acquaintances and friends-of-friends.(他们的社交网络不断扩大，很大程度上是因为他们觉得友善意味着接受来自熟人和朋友的朋友的请求)”可知，让青少年的社交网络不断扩大的是友善的压力。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Significant stress comes with trying to be a “good friend” in the age of social media. Friendship requires both public and behind-the-scenes support. Even before a social media post is made public, close friends can be pulled into photo selection, editing, and final examination. Besides, they need to respond in the right way and in the right amount of time, which differs from one relationship to another.(在社交媒体时代，试图成为“好朋友”会带来巨大的压力。友谊需要公开和幕后的支持。甚至在社交媒体帖子被公开之前，亲密的朋友就可以参与照片的选择、编辑和最终检查。此外，他们需要以正确的方式和适当的时间做出回应，这在不同的关系中是不同的)”可知，在社交媒体时代做一个好朋友是具有挑战性的。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“But technologies have transformed how friendships play out. Social media increases the burdens that come along with being a good friend. Too often, these dynamics hit teens hard in ways that are ignored by adults. And that is what should be changed with the help of parents, schools and other parts of society.(但科技已经改变了友谊的发展方式。社交媒体增加了成为好朋友的负担。通常情况下，这些动态以被成年人忽视的方式对青少年造成了沉重的打击。在家长、学校和社会其他方面的帮助下，这种情况应该得到改变)”可知，根据最后一段，应该改变的是社交媒体对青少年友谊的影响。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“But as we worry about teens who are struggling, we can’t ignore another mounting effect — the burdens that are shouldered by their friends and peers in an “always on” world.(但是，当我们担心那些正在挣扎的青少年时，我们不能忽视另一个日益严重的影响——在一个“永远在线”的世界里，他们的朋友和同龄人所承担的负担)”结合文章主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的。可知，本文主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的，故选B。 Passage 5 (2017届福建省泉州市高三下学期高中毕业班3月质量检测英语试卷） Reasons to Take Part in Student Clubs and Organizations Many college students don't know what they're missing by not taking part in the student clubs and organizations that are offered at most colleges and universities. Taking part in one can be a rich and rewarding experience. 1 Check them out and see what's available. Here are a few reasons why you should take part in student clubs and organizations. Meet new people. It can be hard to meet new people in college, especially in your first year. 2 However, in a club, you'll find yourself in a smaller group of people who likely share your interest. Help your major. There are many student clubs and organizations for different majors and departments. Such clubs can be a lot of fun as well as a great academic resource for you. By joining an academic club you will probably have an easier time to know professors in your departments. 19 Learn important leadership skills. Student clubs and organizations can be a good way to learn important leadership skills that would look great on job applications. 3 These skills could be event planning, finance management, and so on. Find a club that you love being a part of and if you work hard you might be able to gain such a position. 4 Lastly, student clubs and organizations can simply be a lot of fun. Make sure to take advantage of student clubs and organizations to make the most of your time in college! A．Have fun. B．Class sizes can be big. C．Never waste energy. D．Take advantage of your major. E．In a club, you will be able to gain other important skills. F．So don't just walk past those tables during clubs week. G．And you might even get access to study skills and other academic advice. 【答案】1．F 2．B 3．G 4．E 5．A 【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要介绍大学生应该参加学生俱乐部和学生组织的4个原因。 1．上一句提到“参加一个大学组织是丰富的和值得的经历。”后一句提到“把它们都检查一遍，看看哪个是可以获得的。”这里的them指的是那些俱乐部和组织，所以F选项“因此，在俱乐部周期间不要只是经过这些桌子。”切题。 2．上一句提到在大学里，遇到新的人可能是很难的。下一句提到在一个俱乐部，你会发现自己在更小的群体里分享你的兴趣。所以B选项“班级规模可能很大。”切题。 3．本段的主题是说参加俱乐部对你的专业有帮助。上一句提到参加这样的俱乐部会给你带来很多乐趣，同时也是一个很好的学术资源。故G选项“你甚至可能会获得学习帮助以及其他的学术建议。”切题，是上一句的可能的结果。 4．该段主要讲的是参加俱乐部和组织能够学到领导的技巧。空后一句提到“这些技能可能是活动策划，财务管理等等”。故E选项“在俱乐部里，你可以获得其他重要的技能。”切题。选项中的skills与文中的skills相对应。 5．本空是这一段的主题句。根据下文所介绍的内容可知，学生俱乐部和组织可能是非常有趣的。故A选项“玩得开心。”切题。 Passage 6 As we age, it might seem that the ability to learn new things is 1 (decrease). However, the truth is that we are never too old to learn. Lifelong learning is not just for the young; it is a 2 (constant) process for everyone. Imagine a world where everyone 3 (commit) to lifelong learning. People of all ages would be eager to acquire new knowledge and skills. They would not be satisfied with what they 4 (know) but would always strive to learn more. In such a world, the elderly would not be seen as out of touch with modern technology but as active learners, 5 (explore) new ways to stay connected with family and friends. The benefits of lifelong learning are numerous. It keeps our minds sharp and active, 6 (prevent) cognitive decline as we age. It also provides us with a sense of accomplishment and purpose, 7 can be lost as we retire from our careers. Furthermore, lifelong learning allows us to adapt to the ever-changing world, 8 new technologies and ideas are constantly emerging. Some may argue that it is too late for them to start learning something new. However, as the great philosopher Confucius once said, “It is never too late to learn.” We should embrace the idea that learning is a lifelong journey and never stop   9 (seek) knowledge. In conclusion, lifelong learning is not just a choice but a necessity in today's rapidly changing world. It is through continuous learning that we can grow, adapt, and thrive. So, let us all make a commitment to lifelong learning and never stop 10 (explore) the wonders of the world. 【答案】 1．decreasing 2．constant 3．is committed 4．know/have known 5．exploring 6．preventing 7．which 8．where 9．seeking 10．exploring 【解析】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了终身学习的益处以及终身学习的必要性。 1．考查时态。句意：随着年龄的增长，学习新事物的能力似乎正在下降。根据“As we age”可知，这里表示正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时。空前有is，空处用现在分词。故填decreasing。 2．考查形容词。句意：终身学习不仅适合年轻人；这对每个人来说都是一个持续的过程。空处用形容词修饰process。constant意为“持续不断的”。故填constant。 3．考查时态和语态。句意：想象一个每个人都致力于终身学习的世界。根据上下文时态可知，这里应用一般现在时。everyone和commit之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。be committed to...意为“致力于……”。故填is committed。 4．考查时态。句意：他们不会满足于他们所知道的，但会一直努力学习更多。这里既可以表示现实情况，也可以表示已完成的动作，所以可用一般现在时或现在完成时，主语为they，know用原形，助动词用have。故填know/have known。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：在这样的世界里，老年人不会被视为与现代技术脱节，而是积极的学习者，探索与家人和朋友保持联系的新方法。空处和前面没有连接词连接，且句子的谓语是would not be seen，所以空处应用非谓语动词。the elderly和explore之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填exploring。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：它使我们的思维保持敏锐和活跃，防止随着年龄的增长而认知能力下降。本句的谓语是keeps，所以空处应用非谓语动词。It和prevent之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填preventing。 7．考查定语从句。句意：它还为我们提供了一种成就感和目标感，当我们从职业中退休时，这种成就感和目的感可能会消失。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a sense of accomplishment and purpose，且在从句中作主语，所以用which引导。故填which。 8．考查定语从句。句意：此外，终身学习使我们能够适应不断变化的世界，新技术和新思想不断涌现。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the ever-changing world，且从句中缺少地点状语，所以用where引导。故填where。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们应该接受这样一种观点，即学习是一个终身的旅程，永远不要停止寻求知识。stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填seeking。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：所以，让我们都致力于终身学习，永远不要停止探索世界的奇迹。stop doing sth.意为“停止做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填exploring。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 6 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$