12选择性必修第四册 作业(十二) Unit 6 Space and beyond-2025年高二英语暑假作业（外研版）

作业(十二)　Unit 6　Space and beyond [能力提升] Ⅰ.1.shadow　2.scream　3.suspend　4.crew　5.accustom 6.unexceptional　7.telescope　8.angled　9.straightforward 10.muscle Ⅱ.1.become accustomed to　2.stay fit　3.cast a shadow on 4.took her place　5.are engaged in　6.after all　7.carry out 8.is composed of　9.Focus on　10.look back Ⅲ.1.There is no doubt that　2.What is more interesting　3.ever since we met　4.since he left here　5.that China has achieved [知能演练] Ⅰ.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。作者通过对一项新的研究结果及其过程的描述，向读者介绍了与大自然互动对人类健康的重要性，同时也指出要保护大自然。 1.B　细节理解题。题干问的是在文章开头作者描述的是什么现象。根据第一段中的“access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find”(城市居民越来越难以接触大自然)以及“it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild”(在一个城市里找到相对天然的地方是罕见的)可知，在城市里很难接触大自然。故B项正确。 2.D　推理判断题。题干问的是研究人员将参与者提交的文件分类的原因。根据第四段第一句话“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories...began to emerge(在320份提交的材料中，一种被研究人员称为‘自然语言’的类别模式开始出现)”可知，研究人员这样做是为了从访客的总结材料中找出类别规律。故D项正确。 3.C　推理判断题。题干问的是我们从第五段所举的例子中可以学到什么。根据第五段所举的例子“the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying...a fountain on their lunch break”可知，年轻的职业人士周末可以在公园徒步旅行，周内可以沿着喷泉散步，用不同的形式去体验自然，即同样的与自然的互动体验会有不同的表现形式。故C项正确。 4.B　细节理解题。题干问的是在我们与大自然互动之前，我们应该做些什么。根据最后一段Kahn的话“And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it(为了实现这一点，我们还需要保护自然，以便与之互动)”可知，我们在与大自然互动以前需要保护自然，故B项正确。 Ⅱ.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国庐山及其自然公园。 1.occupies　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：庐山国家公园占地总面积30 200公顷，其最高峰汉阳峰海拔1 474米。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，所以空处动词作谓语；本句是介绍庐山的事实，所以空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态；空前主语是第三人称单数，所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填occupies。 2.highest　考查形容词最高级。句意：同上。结合常识可知，汉阳峰是庐山最高峰，所以空处形容词需用其最高级形式。故填highest。 3.appealing　考查形容词。句意：庐山北临长江，南临鄱阳湖，呈现出一幅河、山、湖的迷人景色，它的美丽吸引了2000多年来的精神领袖、学者、艺术家和作家。空处需用形容词作定语修饰空后名词scene；appeal对应的形容词为appealing“吸引人的”。故填appealing。 4.which　考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，介词of后需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句；先行词是Mount Lushan，指物，关系词在定语从句中作of的宾语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故填which。 5.begun　考查非谓语动词。句意：其中包括公元386年由慧远开始建造的佛教东林寺建筑群……。本句已有谓语动词include，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；由空后介词by可知，空处动词与空前名词之间是被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语。故填begun。 6.tablets　考查名词的数。句意：其他重要的特色包括公元1015年的石制单跨关营桥和900多处悬崖和石碑上的碑文。tablet为可数名词，表示多个碑文，由此可知，空处名词需用复数。故填tablets。 7.an　考查冠词。句意：它是中国山水文化的杰出代表，也是中国书院教育的卓越典范。空处需用不定冠词an/a泛指一种中国山水文化的杰出代表，outstanding是以元音音素开头的单词，所以空处需用不定冠词an。故填an。 8.have influenced　考查时态。句意：庐山历史上发生的重大文化发展和政治事件影响了中国近几十年来的历史进程。分析句子结构可知，空处需用动词作谓语；由空后时间状语“over the past decades(在过去的几十年中)”可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成时态：have/has done，主语是and连接的两个并列主语，所以此处助动词需用have。故填have influenced。 9.and　考查连词。句意：庐山的自然美景与历史建筑和特色完美结合，创造了一个独特的文化景观，与中国人的精神文化生活紧密相连。此处需用连词and连接并列的两个形容词作定语修饰空后名词。故填and。 10.effectively　考查副词。句意：庐山的所有属性都受到文化遗产保护法律法规的有效保护。空处需用副词作状语修饰空后动词；effective对应的副词为effectively“有效地”。故填effectively。 [续写提能] 语段写作 第一步 1.suddenly exploded with laughter 2.the teacher's serious expression softened into a grin 3.Laughing, he patted me on the shoulder. 4.Confused by their laughter 5.he was grinning 6.They laughed loudly　who could do nothing but force/squeeze/manage a bitter smile 第二步 I slowly pulled my picture out of my drawer and held it up.The entire class suddenly exploded with laughter.All at once, the teacher's serious expression softened into a grin.Laughing, he patted me on the shoulder.Confused by their laughter, I looked at my picture, only to find it was blank.Worse still, when I looked at my deskmate, he was grinning.They laughed loudly, except for me, who could do nothing but force/squeeze/manage a bitter smile. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 作业(十二)　Unit 6　Space and beyond Ⅰ.标记熟悉单词，回查陌生单词 □shadow n. □scream v. □crew n. □submit v. □awesome adj. □angle v. □straightforward adj. □self­discipline n. □sneeze v. □notion n. □hazardous adj. □shuttle n. □instantaneously adv. □suspend v. □lifelike adj. □galaxy n. □cosmic adj. □conceivably adv. □subatomic adj. □particle n. Ⅱ.佳作品读 假定你是李华，某英文报社就“探索外太空”举行征文比赛。请你就此写一篇文稿，谈谈你的看法，主要内容包括： 1.优点：提高人们的生活质量，给人类提供新能源等； 2.缺点：耗费大量的金钱和精力等； 3.你的观点。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [范文赏读] Science and technology are developing so rapidly that people have become accustomed to the notion of exploring outer space(so...that 引导的结果状语从句，意思是“如此/这么……以至于”). But every coin has two sides; so does outer space exploration(so 引导的倒装句). There are many advantages.Firstly, outer space exploration contributes not only to improving the quality of human life, but also to getting more new energy resources with the energy resources on Earth running out.(with引导的复合结构作状语)(not only...but also 引导相同成分) However, there is also one disadvantage which casts a shadow on human's over expectation.Every year much money and energy are put into the program which might be used to help the poor otherwise. As far as I am concerned, exploring outer space will bring even more benefits in the future as long as we take advantage of it in a right way(as long as引导的条件状语从句中，谓语动词需要用一般现在时替代一般将来时). Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.Some animal was moving in the __________ (阴影) but I couldn't make out whether it was a cat or a dog. 2.The pain was often so bad that she wanted to ________ (尖叫)，but she endured eventually. 3.He was compelled by illness to __________ (中断) his experiment. 4.The ________ (全体船员) spent two days and nights in their raft until the rescuers arrived. 5.She found it necessary to ________ (使……习惯于) her child to getting up early. 6.Since Michael moved to our city, he has lived an ________ (寻常的) life. 7.Chinese scientists are building the most powerful wide­field survey ________ (望远镜) of its class in Qinghai Province. 8.She ________ (斜置) the mirror so as to reflect light from a window. 9.Online communication is ________ (简单的)，and people like to use funny images to relax the communication atmosphere. 10.Repeated practice is key because you need ________ (肌肉) memory to find the right keys. Ⅱ.短语填空 cast a shadow on; take one's place; look back; become accustomed to; be engaged in；be composed of; stay fit; carry out; focus on; after all 1.It took her some time to ________________ being the only lady in the office. 2.Your brain needs exercise to ________________， just like your body. 3.An unhappy childhood would ________________ one's whole life. 4.She couldn't attend the meeting so her assistant ________________. 5.Besides, we ________________ sports or outings so as to strengthen our bodies. 6.Stop pushing him about like that; he's a child ________________. 7.It was evident from the first that he never intended to ________________ his promise. 8.The panda­themed train __________________ 12 carriages. 9.________________ your studies and don't be distracted by the outside noise. 10.The new year is around the corner, and it is time for me to ________________ on the past days and make plans to improve myself. Ⅲ.完成句子 1.毫无疑问，没有人生来就是赢家。人们通过自己的努力使自己成为赢家。 ________________ no one is born a winner.People make themselves winners by their own efforts. 2.更为有趣的是，不同宫殿的屋顶上长出来的草还各不相同。 ________________ is that the grass growing on the roof of different palaces is varied. 3.自从我们在学校认识之后，我们就一直是好朋友。 We've been good friends __________________ at school. 4.他离开这儿已有五年了。 It has been five years ________________. 5.“奋斗者”号创造了国家载人深潜纪录，标志着中国在载人深潜领域达到了世界领先地位。 Fendouzhe set a national manned deep diving record, marking the fact ________________ a leading position in the world in the field of manned deep diving. Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you're lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well­being. The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park­goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant's experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”. Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. “We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human­nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. 1.What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A.Pocket parks are now popular. B.Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C.Many cities are overpopulated. D.People enjoy living close to nature. 2.Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories? A.To compare different types of park­goers. B.To explain why the park attracts tourists. C.To analyze the main features of the park. D.To find patterns in the visitors' summaries. 3.What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5? A.Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. B.Young people are too busy to interact with nature. C.The same nature experience takes different forms. D.The nature language enhances work performance. 4.What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A.Language study. B.Environmental conservation. C.Public education. D.Intercultural communication. Ⅱ.语法填空 Mount Lushan is located in Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province.Lushan National Park 1.________ (occupy) a total area of 30，200 hectares and its 2.________ (high) Peak, Hanyang Peak, is 1, 474 meters above sea level.Bordered on the north by the Yangtze River and on the south by Poyang Lake, Mount Lushan presents an 3.________ (appeal) scene of river, hills and lake, the beauty of 4.________ has attracted spiritual leaders, scholars, artists and writers for over 2，000 years.More than 200 historic buildings are located in the Lushan National Park.These include the Buddhist East Grove Temple complex 5.________ (begin) by Huiyuan in 386CE...Other important features include the stone single­span Guan Ying Bridge of 1 015CE and more than 900 inscriptions on cliffs and stone 6.________ (tablet). Mount Lushan has an important place in Chinese history and culture.It is 7.________ outstanding representative of Chinese landscape culture, as well as a remarkable model of Chinese academy­based education.The significant cultural developments and political events occurring over the course of Lushan's history 8.________ (influence) the recent course of Chinese history over the past decades.The natural beauty of Lushan is perfectly integrated with its historic buildings and features, creating a unique cultural landscape powerfully associated with Chinese spiritual 9.________ cultural life. In 1982, Mount Lushan became one of the first National Scenic Areas and one of the First Class National Nature Reserves.All attributes of Mount Lushan are 10.________ (effective) protected by the laws and regulations for the protection of cultural heritage and its setting.Any measures and projects that may significantly impact the heritage value must be authorized by the relevant national authorities. 动作描写之“笑” (二) ★素材积累 名/动词 ①grin 咧着嘴笑 ②giggle 咯咯地笑；傻笑 短语 ①with a laugh 笑了一声 ②burst into laughter 大笑 ③explode with laughter 哄堂大笑 ④scream/roar with laughter 放声大笑 ⑤laugh from ear to ear 笑得合不拢嘴 ⑥howl with laughter 狂笑 ★语段写作 第一步　按要求完成下列句子 1.我慢慢地从抽屉里拿出我的画，举了起来。全班同学突然哄堂大笑。 I slowly pulled my picture out of my drawer and held it up.The entire class ________________________________. 2.突然，老师严肃的表情一下子变成了笑脸。 All at once, ________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________.(名词＋简单句) 3.他笑着拍了拍我的肩膀。 ________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________(分词作状语) 4.他们的笑声把我搞糊涂了，我看了看我的画，结果发现是一张白纸。 ______________________________， I looked at my picture, only to find it was blank.(分词作状语) 5.我看向我的同桌，他正咧着嘴笑。 When I looked at my deskmate, ______________________________. 6.他们大笑着，除了我之外，我只能若无其事地挤出一丝苦涩的笑。 ________________________________________________________________________, except for me，_____________________________________________________________.(动词＋副词＋定语从句) 第二步　将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$