4选择性必修第三册 作业(四) Unit 4 A glimpse of the future-2025年高二英语暑假作业（外研版）

作业(四)　Unit 4　A glimpse of the future Ⅰ.标记熟悉单词，回查陌生单词 □susceptible adj. leap n. □cite v. □reckon v. □crater n. □slope v. □hop n. □wavelength n. □frown v. □artificial adj. □victim n. □capacity n. □client n. □cell n. □bound adj. □clue n. □analyse v. □inconvenience n. □reliable adj. □potentially adv. Ⅱ.佳作品读 随着人工智能的发展，未来的家庭生活将高度智能化。据分析，未来的智能设备将占家庭生活的百分之八十以上。请你写一篇短文，介绍人工智能及对未来的展望。 注意：1.80词左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [范文赏读] As artificial intelligence develops, the future family life will be highly intelligent.Now a smart cycle will go on sale，which abandons the traditional mechanical device and has the function of uphill assistance (which 引导的非限制性定语从句) and whose computer control system generally does not go wrong(whose引导的定语从句).On the whole, the market potential of such products is huge.As we all know, the development level of artificial intelligence banks on the continuous progress of science and technology.According to the analysis, smart devices in the future will account for more than 80% of family life.So, once artificial intelligence is popularized in a large area, our life will be bound to have earth shaking changes. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.For decades，computer scientists have been pursuing ________ (人工的) intelligence. 2.There he expressed his deep condolences to the ________ (受害者) and their families. 3.Limited natural resources are restricting our ________ (能力) for developing new products. 4.This decision of the computer producer could ________ (潜在地) damage the reputation of the whole industry. 5.They should know exactly what they can do to help their ________ (客户). 6.The weather has brought such a __________ (需求) for beer. 7.We went for a ________ (自行车) ride in the suburbs on Sunday and had a good time there. 8.Doctors have been searching for a ________ (疗法) for cancer to release the pains of patients. 9.We need __________ (评估) all risks to determine if the projects are within acceptable levels of risk. 10.As you get older, the number of nerve ________ (细胞) in the brain is decreasing gradually. Ⅱ.短语填空 hang out; be susceptible to; lie in; in shock; look through; in the long run; on the whole; result in; on the horizon; wipe out 1.In spare time, some students like to study or surf the Internet while some students like to ________________ with their friends. 2.It's hard for the victims to ________________ the shadow of that terrible earthquake from their hearts. 3.When choosing a major, students ________________ easily ________________ employment and ignore their own interests. 4.________________，the vaccine is beneficial to the end of the epidemic. 5.His skill ________________ his ability to explain quite complex ideas very simply. 6.The welcome party was, _________________， a success, though not satisfactory in some details. 7.It's said that self­driving cars are ________________，and I can't wait to have a try. 8.More and more noise pollution has ________________ many species dying out. 9.Everyone was ________________.Some people were crying and no one really knew what was happening. 10.They ________________ newspapers to find the type of job advertisements they needed. Ⅲ.完成句子 1.直到做完作业，我才被允许玩电脑游戏。 It was ________________ that I was allowed to play computer games. 2.她的妈妈过去常常坐在扶手椅上，低着头。 Her mother used to sit in an armchair ________________. 3.为了阻止电动自行车进入电梯，不少物业公司使出浑身解数。 In order to ________________ the elevator, many property management companies try their best. 4.当我经过经理办公室时，他好像在唱歌。 The manager ________________ a song when I passed by his office. 5.她喜欢睡懒觉，那就是她经常迟到的原因。 She likes lying in.________________ she often comes late. Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2024·福建泉州高二统考)Where does the meat on our table come from? It usually comes from livestock like chickens and cows. But did you know that meat can also be made in a lab? US company JUST has announced that lab­grown meat could be on some restaurant menus in the United States and Asia by the end of 2018, The Independent reported. “These meats include chicken nuggets (鸡块), sausage and foie gras (鹅肝酱)，” Josh Tetrick, CEO of JUST, told The Independent. Lab meat is sometimes referred to as “clean meat”. It is made using the stem cells (干细胞) of living livestock. The cells need to be grown in a lab for a few weeks. For example, making a hamburger patty (肉饼) takes about nine weeks, CNN reported. This is faster than raising a cow, which usually takes over 20 weeks. The first clean meat was a beef burger that was produced in 2013, but it was said to taste quite dry. How does clean meat taste now? Clean meat supporters told CNN that they think it tastes just like traditional meat. Clean meat has other advantages. It is healthier than traditional meat. Meat producers can control what type of fat goes into the meat. They can produce clean meat that contains healthy fats, such as omega­3 fatty acids (脂肪酸). This kind of fat is good for people's hearts. Clean meat can also help to solve global warming. According to The Washington Post, about 14.5 percent of the planet's greenhouse gas emissions (排放) come from raising livestock. That's more than the emissions from every car, train, ship and airplane in the world combined. It is predicted that switching to clean meat could lower greenhouse gas emissions by 96 percent, The Independent reported. 1.Where may the meat we eat come from in future? A.Companies. B.Greenhouses. C.Labs. D.Restaurants. 2.What can be used to make “clean meat”？ A.Stem cells. B.Fatty acids. C.Hamburger patties. D.Chicken nuggets. 3.What is the advantage of clean meat? A.It is fatty. B.It is healthy. C.It is free. D.It is smelly. 4.What do we know about clean meat from the last paragraph? A.It comes from livestock. B.It can be switched off. C.It results in global warming. D.It benefits environment. Ⅱ.语法填空 (2024·江苏常州高二期末)After waking up, you may feel frustrated that you cannot recall the dreams you had last night. Artificial intelligence (AI) may be 1.__________ (capacity) of helping you, because they 2.__________ (learn) all the time from large amounts of data from both tests and images. Researchers from Osaka University in Japan have gone to great 3.__________ (long) to train an AI system called Stable Diffusion to re­create images based on people's brain scans. The researchers used an online data set provided by the University of Minnesota, US, 4.__________ consisted of brain scans from four participants as they each viewed 5.__________ set of 10, 000 photos. The AI then learned about the brain activities on the basis of the 6.__________ (analyze) of changes in blood flow and then matched the brain activities with the photos. Through this method, AI learned how human brains would react when seeing different photos. 7.__________ (ultimate), the researchers tested the AI on additional brain scans from the same participants when they viewed photos of a toy bear, airplane, clock and train. If the person looked at an airplane, for example, the AI would use the brain scan data to create an image of a vague airplane. Then, it would turn 8.__________ the previous “text­to­image” model and improve the quality of the image by feeding itself the keyword “airplane”. The final images were “convincing” with about 80 percent of 9.__________ (accurate), according to the researchers. The new study created a novel approach to 10.__________ (combine) texts and images to “decode the brain”. In the future, scientists hope that the technology can be used to record imagined thoughts and dreams. 动作描写之“手臂” ★素材积累 短 语 ①wave one's arms 挥动双臂 ②fold one's arms 某人双臂交叉 ③take one's arm 挽住某人的胳膊 ④catch/grab one's arm 抓住某人的胳膊 ⑤hold out/open one's arms某人伸出/张开双臂 ⑥keep sb at arm's length同某人保持一定距离 ⑦with crossed arms 双臂交叉 ★语段写作 第一步　完成或翻译句子 1.他挥动着双臂朝门跑去。 He ran to the door, _______________________________________________.(动词­ing短语作状语) 2.她站在那里，双臂交叉，看上去很生气。 ______________________________________， looking very angry.(with 复合结构) 3.他微笑着伸出/张开双臂。 ________________________________， smiling.(简单句) 4.她转过身，努力和他保持一定的距离。 She turned around, ________________________________________.(动词­ing短语作状语) 5.他只得走近她，伸出一只手抓住她的左胳膊。 He had to approach her and ________________________________.(动作描写) 6.他挽住她的胳膊，低声道歉说：“对不起。” ________________， whispering an apology，“I'm sorry.”(简单句) 7.他们臂挽着臂走回家。 ______________________________________________________________________(简单句) 第二步　将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 作业(四)　Unit 4　A glimpse of the future [能力提升] Ⅰ.1.artificial　2.victims　3.capacity　4.potentially　5.clients　6.demand　7.cycle　8.cure　9.assess　10.cells Ⅱ.1.hang out　2.wipe out　3.are；susceptible to　4.In the long run　5.lies in　6.on the whole　7.on the horizon　8.resulted in　9.in shock　10.looked through Ⅲ.1.not until I finished my homework　2.with her head down　3.stop/prevent electric bicycles (from) entering　4.seemed to be singing　5.That's why [知能演练] Ⅰ.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了未来我们可以在实验室制造出清洁肉类，这种肉类比传统肉类更健康，对环境有益。 1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中“US company JUST has announced that lab­grown meat could be on some restaurant menus in the United States and Asia by the end of 2018, The Independent reported.(据《独立报》报道，美国JUST公司宣布，到2018年底，美国和亚洲的一些餐厅菜单上可能会出现实验室培育的肉类。)”可知，我们将来吃的肉可能来自实验室。故选C。 2.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Lab meat is sometimes referred to as ‘clean meat’. It is made using the stem cells (干细胞) of living livestock.(实验室的肉有时被称为‘清洁肉类’。它是用活牲畜的干细胞制成的。)”可知，清洁肉类是由干细胞制成的。故选A。 3.B　细节理解题。根据第四段中“Clean meat has other advantages. It is healthier than traditional meat.(清洁肉类还有其他好处。它比传统肉类更健康。)”可知，清洁肉类的好处是清洁肉类比传统肉类更健康。故选B。 4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Clean meat can also help to solve global warming... The Independent reported.(清洁肉类也有助于解决全球变暖问题。据《华盛顿邮报》报道，地球上大约14.5%的温室气体排放来自饲养牲畜。这比世界上所有汽车、火车、轮船和飞机的排放量加起来还要多。据《独立报》报道，据预测，改用清洁肉类可以减少96%的温室气体排放。)”可知，清洁肉类有助于解决全球变暖问题，对环境有好处。故选D。 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人工智能可以帮助人们想起昨晚做的梦。在未来，科学家们希望这项技术可以用来记录想象中的想法和梦想。 1.capable　考查形容词。句意：人工智能(AI)也许能够帮助你，因为它们一直在从大量的测试和图像数据中学习。作表语，应用形容词capable，故填capable。 2.have been learning　考查动词的时态。句意：人工智能(AI)也许能够帮助你，因为它们一直在从大量的测试和图像数据中学习。根据all the time可知表示过去发生的动作不间断持续到现在，应用现在完成进行时，主语为they，助动词用have。故填have been learning。 3.lengths　考查名词。句意：日本大阪大学的研究人员竭尽全力训练一种名为“稳定扩散”的人工智能系统，以根据人们的脑部扫描重建图像。表示“竭尽全力”短语为go to great lengths。故填lengths。 4.which　考查定语从句。句意：研究人员使用了美国明尼苏达大学提供的在线数据集，其中包括四名参与者在观看一组10 000张照片时的脑部扫描。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词data，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故填关系代词which。 5.a　考查冠词。句意：研究人员使用了美国明尼苏达大学提供的在线数据集，其中包括四名参与者在观看一组10 000张照片时的脑部扫描。表示“一组”短语为a set of。故填a。 6.analysis　考查名词。句意：然后，人工智能在分析血流变化的基础上了解大脑活动，然后将大脑活动与照片进行匹配。作介词of的宾语，应用名词analysis，此处指血流变化的分析，用单数。故填analysis。 7.Ultimately　考查副词。句意：最终，研究人员在这些参与者观看玩具熊、飞机、时钟和火车的照片时，对人工智能进行了额外的脑部扫描。修饰后文句子应用副词ultimately，首字母大写。故填Ultimately。 8.on　考查介词。句意：然后，它会打开之前的“文本到图像”模型，并通过输入关键字“飞机”来提高图像的质量。短语turn on表示“打开”。故填on。 9.accuracy　考查名词。句意：根据研究人员的说法，最终的图像“令人信服”，准确率约为80%。作介词的宾语，应用名词accuracy，不可数。故填accuracy。 10.combining　考查非谓语动词。句意：这项新研究创造了一种结合文本和图像来“解码大脑”的新方法。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填combining。 [续写提能] 语段写作 第一步 1.waving his arms 2.She stood there with her arms crossed/folded 3.He held out/opened his arms 4.trying to keep him at arm's length 5.reached out to catch/grab her left arm 6.He took her arm 7.They walked home arm in arm. 第二步 He ran to the door, waving his arms. However, she stood there with her arms crossed/folded, looking very angry. He held out/opened his arms, smiling. But she turned around, trying to keep him at arm's length. As a consequence, he had to approach her and reached out to catch/grab her left arm. He took her arm, whispering an apology, “I'm sorry.” Finally, they walked home arm in arm. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$